焦点 06 阅读理解之议论文-备战2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训（江苏盐城）

焦点06 阅读理解之议论文 备战2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训 【题型解析】 一、2026年盐城中考英语阅读理解之议论文重难点分析​ 结合2024-2025年盐城中考英语真题（如2024年“治沙英雄”、2025年“AI伦理”）及2026年江苏中考命题趋势，2026年盐城中考英语议论文的核心重难点可归纳为以下几类： 1. 逻辑结构与论证分析：识别“隐性逻辑链”​ 议论文的核心是“论证”，其结构多为“引论-本论-结论”（如“提出问题-分析问题-解决问题”），但2026年可能强化“隐性逻辑链”的考查（如多论据交织、伏笔与呼应）。例如，2025年盐城中考议论文《AI是否应取代教师》中，“AI可以提高教学效率”与“AI缺乏情感交流”是矛盾的核心，需考生识别“效率”与“情感”之间的逻辑冲突。 具体难点： 区分“论点”（核心观点，如“AI不应取代教师”）与“论据”（支持观点的理由，如“AI无法进行个性化辅导”）； 识别“论证方式”（如举例论证、对比论证、因果论证），例如2024年真题中用“治沙英雄的事迹”举例论证“坚持就是胜利”； 处理“多步骤论证”（如“垃圾分类的重要性→垃圾分类的方法→垃圾分类的意义”），整合分散信息以把握整体逻辑。 2. 隐含观点与态度推断：“言外之意”的挖掘​ 议论文常通过情感词、反问句、隐喻传递隐含观点，但观点多为“间接”而非“直白”（如“AI的发展是一把双刃剑”暗示“需谨慎使用AI”）。2026年可能强化“观点变化脉络”的考查（如从“支持AI”到“理性看待AI”的态度转变）。 具体难点： 从“情感词”推断态度（如“remarkably beneficial”暗示支持，“concerning”暗示担忧）； 分析“观点转折点”（如“虽然AI提高了效率，但也带来了隐私问题”中的“但”是转折点）； 归纳“隐含主题”（如“本文通过AI的例子说明科技发展需兼顾伦理”需整合“效率”“隐私”“伦理”等细节）。 3. 跨学科知识与语境理解：“陌生领域”的解读​ 议论文常涉及跨学科知识（如科技类的“AI算法”、环保类的“碳中和”、文化类的“非遗传承”），且长难句多为嵌套定语从句、被动语态（如“The new policy, which was introduced last year, aims to reduce carbon emissions by 20%”）。2026年可能增加“跨句逻辑”的考查（如“因为碳排放增加，所以全球气温上升”需关联前后句）。 具体难点： 提取长难句主干（如“who引导的定语从句”可简化为“马克练习潜水”）； 理解“分词结构”的逻辑（如“Feeling tired, Mark sat down”中“Feeling tired”是“sat down”的原因）； 处理“跨句指代”（如“it”指代前文的“AI”）。 4. 干扰项排除：“形似而神不似”的陷阱​ 议论文的细节题多考查数据、步骤、特征、优缺点（如2025年盐城中考议论文《垃圾分类的优缺点》中的“垃圾分类可以减少污染”需定位数据），但干扰项设计愈发精巧，常见陷阱包括： 偷换概念（如将“reduce”改为“eliminate”，将“30%”改为“50%”）； 无中生有（如原文未提及“AI会取代所有教师”，选项却出现“AI will replace all teachers”）； 逻辑颠倒（如“因为下雨，所以地面湿”被改为“因为地面湿，所以下雨”）。 二、2026年盐城中考英语阅读理解之议论文解题步骤​ 针对上述重难点，结合2024-2025年盐城中考真题及2026年江苏命题趋势，系统化解题步骤可总结为以下四步： Step 1：通读全文，把握结构与主旨​ 标记段落主题句：主题句多在段首（开门见山）或段尾（总结强调），如2025年盐城中考议论文《AI是否应取代教师》的首句“AI is changing the way we teach and learn”是全文主旨句。 绘制逻辑图：用符号标注逻辑关系（如“∵”表示因果，“→”表示步骤，“vs”表示对比），例如“问题-解决”结构可标记为“问题→原因→解决方法”。 Step 2：定位细节，关键词匹配​ 关键词定位法：根据题干中的数字、专有名词、术语（如“carbon emission”“AI algorithm”）回原文定位，例如题干“ What is the main advantage of AI in education?”中的“advantage”和“education”是关键词，需定位到原文“AI can personalize learning for each student”。 注意限定词：如“main purpose”需关注首尾段，“best describes”需匹配最佳选项（如“本文的主要目的是介绍AI的优缺点”而非“说服读者支持AI”）。 Step 3：分析逻辑，推理判断​ 因果推断：若文中提到“due to”“as a result”，需关联前后信息（如“因为温室气体排放增加，所以全球气温上升”）； 观点与事实区分：事实是客观描述（如“AI可以提高教学效率”），观点是主观判断（如“AI应取代教师”）； 隐含信息推导：如原文“AI虽然提高了效率，但也带来了隐私问题”可推导出“需谨慎使用AI”。 Step 4：验证答案，排除干扰​ 同义替换验证：正确选项常对原文进行改写（如“reduce pollution”对应“cut down emissions”，“efficient”对应“save time and energy”）； 排除绝对化选项：如“only”“absolutely”等词多为错误选项（如“Only by using AI can we improve education”过于绝对，原文可能说“Using AI is one of the ways to improve education”）； 逻辑一致性检查：答案需与原文逻辑一致（如“AI比教师更高效”不能推出“AI比教师更好”，需原文有“AI的效率高于教师，但情感交流不足”的支持）。 三、2026年盐城中考英语阅读理解之议论文预测分析​ 结合2024-2025年盐城中考真题及2026年江苏中考命题趋势，2026年盐城中考英语议论文的命题方向与备考建议如下： 1. 命题趋势预测​ 主题聚焦： 科技伦理：AI与教育（如“AI是否应取代教师”）、AI与就业（如“AI会导致失业吗”）； 环保与可持续发展：碳中和（如“如何实现碳中和”）、垃圾分类（如“盐城的垃圾分类政策”）； 文化传承：非遗传承（如“剪纸的现代创新”）、传统建筑（如“盐城水街的建筑特色”）； 社会热点：青少年心理健康（如“如何应对学习压力”）、网络安全（如“如何防范网络诈骗”）。 题型创新： 图文结合题：如流程图（如“垃圾分类的步骤”）、表格（如“不同能源的碳排放量对比”）； 多文本对比题：如两篇关于“线上学习vs线下学习”的议论文，要求比较两者的优缺点； 批判性思维题：如“作者对AI的态度是支持还是反对？请说明理由”（需结合文本内容分析）。 2. 备考建议​ 强化结构化训练：每日练习1篇议论文，用思维导图梳理“引论-本论-结论”框架，例如2025年盐城中考议论文《AI是否应取代教师》的框架是“提出问题→分析问题→解决问题”； 积累高频主题词汇： 科技类：innovation（创新）、sustainable（可持续的）、automated（自动化的）； 环保类：recyclable（可回收的）、emission（排放）、ecosystem（生态系统）； 文化类：heritage（遗产）、craftsmanship（工艺）、traditional technique（传统技艺）； 精析长难句：每日拆解1-2句议论文长难句，提取主干与修饰成分（如“定语从句”“同位语”），例如“The project, which is funded by the government, aims to protect the wetland ecosystem”的主干是“The project aims to protect the wetland ecosystem”； 真题研究：分析近3年盐城中考议论文（如2023年“治沙英雄”、2024年“AI伦理”），总结命题规律（如细节题占比60%，推理题占比20%）。 四、2026年盐城中考英语阅读理解之议论文易错点提醒​ 避免过度解读：议论文答案需严格基于文本，忌主观联想（如“作者可能支持AI取代教师”若无依据则错误）； 警惕“偷换概念”：干扰项可能替换原文关键词（如将“renewable”改为“non-renewable”，将“reduce”改为“eliminate”）； 注意单位与数据：如“increase by 20%”（增加了20%）与“increase to 20%”（增加到20%）含义不同； 区分“主旨”与“细节”：主旨题需覆盖全文（如“科技发展需兼顾伦理”），细节题需定位具体信息（如“AI可以提高教学效率”）。 结语​ 2026年盐城中考英语议论文的核心是“考查综合语言运用能力”，即“读懂文本+分析逻辑+解决问题的能力”。考生需通过结构化训练（如思维导图）、高频词汇积累（如科技、环保类术语）、长难句拆解（如提取主干）等方法，突破重难点，提高解题准确率。同时，需关注2026年江苏中考的命题趋势（如图文结合、多文本对比），提前做好准备，确保在考试中取得好成绩。 【基础题】 A Did you sleep well last night? Or did you wake up feeling tired?  Getting a good night’s sleep requires more than getting into bed and closing your eyes. Understanding your sleep behavior and preparing for a sound sleep can help make sure every night is a good night for sleeping. “Sleep is a kind of behavior and it is different among people,”explains Dr. Carol Landis, a sleep researcher professor.“The greatest differences happen in the timing (时间选择) of sleep and the amount (数量) of sleep.”Some people function better if they go to sleep early and rise early, while others feel more rested (精力充沛的) if they stay up late and sleep in. The amount of sleep the adults need each night is also different. Some people may be fine with six hours’sleep, while others need up to nine hours’sleep per night. Landis offers the following advice on practicing falling asleep well: Avoid coffee and food such as chocolate in the late afternoon and evening. Finish exercising two hours before going to sleep. Exercise increases body temperatures and makes it more difficult to fall asleep easily. Don’t sleep in a warm environment. A drop in a person’s body temperature is important at the beginning of deep sleep. People who sleep in a well-heated room may not sleep well. Catch up on missed sleep when you have the chance. Busy work or busy weekend activities often make it difficult to get as much sleep as we’d like each night. Try taking a 30-minute short sleep during the day before 4 pm or sleeping in on weekends. 1．What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph mean? A．Getting into bed and closing your eyes can make you fall asleep quickly. B．Getting into bed and closing your eyes are not enough to make sure of a good night’s sleep. C．Getting into bed and closing your eyes are the most important in getting a good night’s sleep. D．Getting into bed and closing your eyes have nothing to do with a good night’s sleep. 2．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us? A．We should have the right amount of sleep every day. B．We should go to bed at the right time every day. C．The ways of improving sleep of different people. D．The differences in sleep among people. 3．What does Dr. Carol Landis advise us to do? A．To avoid exercising within two hours of sleeping. B．To eat some sweet food in the late after- noon. C．To sleep in a very warm room. D．To stop sleeping during the daytime. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Sleeping problems. B．Sleep behavior. C．How to get a sound sleep. D．Different kinds of sleep. B In your opinion, how should a man dress, behave and talk? There is no single Standard(标准). Many girls today love  xiaoxianrou, or "little fresh meat", which refers to young male stars who are delicate(精致的) and cute. Of course, there are also people who still appreciate the traditional male image of being muscular(肌肉发达的) and strong. This topic caused some heated discussions across China in September. It started when CCTV invited four young actors to perform on First Class for the New Semester(《开学第一课》), an educational TV show for primary and secondary school students that aired on Sept.1. The four actors all appeared feminine(女性化的)， having slender frames(苗条身材）and wearing makeup. Afterwards, criticism(批评) of their appearance(外表) was everywhere on the Internet. Some called the actors "sissies", a word that is used to refer to men who have a "soft" appearance. Some parents believe that popularizing this kind of soft male image is in poor taste and could have an influence on their children's personal development. "As famous stars, the male idols(偶像) focused too much on their appearance and failed to act as proper role models, "Xinhua said. "If men behave this way, China will never become the strong country it hopes to be", Xinhua added. However, others have a more open mind toward it. "It's a stereotype(刻板印象）to think all male stars should be as masculine as Jackie Chan. As society diversifies( 多样化), there are more options(选项) for fans to choose from, "Liang Yurou,19, a college student from Fujian Province, told China Daily. Some people also pointed out that gender can be expressed in different ways. As a male, caring about one's appearance has nothing to do with one's degree of "manliness". "No matter what kind of personal style or quality he or she chooses to present, whether it is strong-willed or gentle, that doesn't stop them from being an excellent person, "China Women's Daily said in a report. This was echoed( 附和)by People's Daily. "A man's strength should be judged (评判)according to their inner qualities-not their physical appearance, "it said in an article. 1．What do xiaoxianrou look like? A．They look delicate and cute. B．They look muscular and strong. C．They look older than other people of the same age. D．They dress like girls and wear makeup 2．The four young actors who were invited to perform on First Class for the New Semester caused a discussion because ________. A．they were famous across China B．they were too young to be idols C．they appeared very feminine D．they behaved badly 3．What did Xinhua say about this issue? A．People are not easily influenced by celebrities(名人）. B．Male idols are part of China's development. C．Male idols shouldn't focus so much on their appearance. D．Many Chinese people don't like feminine male idols, 4．Which of the following newspapers held a positive(肯定的)attitude toward xiaoxianrou? a. Xinhua    b. China Women's Daily   c. People's Daily   d. China Daily A．a, b B．a ,c C．a ,d D．b ,c C People travel for a lot of reasons. Some tourists go to see battlefields(战场) or other Historic remains (历史遗址). Others are looking for culture, or simply want to have their pictures taken in front of famous places. Most European tourists are looking for a sunny beach to lie on. Northern Europeans are willing to pay a lot of money for the sun because they have so little of it. People of cities like London, Copenhagen (哥本哈根) and Amsterdam (阿姆斯特丹) spend much of their winter in the dark because the days are so short, and much of the rest of the year in the rain. This is the reason why the Mediterranean(地中海) has always attracted(吸引) them. Every summer many people travel to Mediterranean resorts (度假胜地) and beaches for their vacations. They all come for the same reason: sun! The huge crowds mean lots of money for the economics (经济) of Mediterranean countries. Italy's 30,000 hotels are booked without a break every summer. And 13 million people camp out on French beaches, parks, and roadsides. Spain's long sandy coastline attracts more people than anywhere else, 37 million tourists there yearly, or one tourist for each person living in Spain. But there are signs that the area is getting more tourists than it can deal with. The Mediterranean is already one of the most polluted seas on earth. None of these, however, is ruining (毁灭) anyone's fun. Obviously (显然地)，they don' go there for clean water. They allow traffic jams and seem to like crowded beaches. They don't even mind the pollution No matter how dirty the water is, the coastline sill less beautiful. And as long as the sun shines, it's still better than sitting in the cold rain in Berlin, London, or Oslo (奥斯陆). 1．The writer seems to imply (暗示) that Europeans travel mostly for the reason that_______. A．they want to see historic remains B．they wish to escape from cold, dark and rainy days C．they would like to take pictures in front of famous places D．they are interested in different cultural and social customs 2．According to the passage, which of the following countries attracts more tourists than the others? A．Italy. B．Greece. C．France. D．Spain. 3．The underlined part in the last sentence in Paragraph 3 “one tourist for each person living in Spain” means____________. A．all the 37 million people living in Spain are tourists B．every person living in Spain has to take care of a tourist C．every year almost as many tourists visit Spain as there are people living in that country D．every family in Spain is visited by a tourist every year 4．According to the passage, which of the following might ruin (毁坏) the tourists’ fun at Mediterranean resorts and beaches? A．Polluted water. B．Crowded buses. C．Rainy weather. D．Traffic jams. 【提升题】 A Many teenagers like using social media (社交媒体), such as WeChat, QQ and Sina Weibo. They use these apps to talk with friends, share photos and get the latest news. However, using social media too much may cause some problems. For example, some students spend too much time on it and don’t have enough time to study. Also, some information on social media may not be true. So, we should use social media in a right way. We can limit (限制) our time on it and be careful with the information we read. 1．What do teenagers use social media to do? A．Only talk with friends. B．Only share photos. C．Only get the latest news. D．Talk with friends, share photos and get the latest news. 2．What problems may using social media too much cause? A．Students may get better grades. B．Students may have more time to study. C．Students may spend too much time on it and the information may not be true. D．Students may make more friends. 3．What should we do to use social media in a right way? A．Spend more time on it. B．Believe all the information. C．Limit our time on it and be careful with the information. D．Use it as much as possible. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The Advantages of Social Media B．The Disadvantages of Social Media C．How to Use Social Media Correctly D．Why Do Teenagers Like Social Media B “Let’s brainstorm together!” You might often hear your teachers ask you to have a group discussion to solve a problem. But is brainstorming really the best way to solve problems, especially creative ones? The Dutch company WeTransfer did a study of 20,000 people from 197 countries and regions. Most of these people work in creative jobs, such as writers, musicians and scientists. The results showed that brainstorming was often unhelpful for solving creative challenges. “It seems that while working together is important to bring an idea to life, it’s not very helpful for shaping ideas in the first place,” said Rob Alderson, WeTransfer’s editor-in-chief. If we give people enough time and space to think clearly, they can come up with better ideas, Alderson aded. Even Alex Osborn, the father of brainstorming, believed that spending time thinking alone was part of his own creative process. However, most companies don’t give their staff enough time and chances to prepare and develop their ideas on their own. Instead, they often hold too many meetings, which can hurt creativity. More than 40 percent of the people said meetings were harmful to good thinking. Spending time alone to think helps you come up with your own ideas and develop independent thinking. This is especially important when making decisions. Nearly 80 percent of the people in WeTransfer’s study said they trusted their own instincts (直觉) and research when deciding whether an idea was good. 1．What did WeTransfer’s research find out? A．People waste too much time brainstorming. B．Brainstorming brings creative people together. C．Brainstorming is needed to solve creative problems. D．Brainstorming isn’t very helpful for solving creative challenges. 2．Which idea might Alex Osborn agree with about coming up with good ideas? A．Working with others is important. B．Thinking on your own is helpful. C．Having discussions in meetings helps a lot. D．Asking for quick answers leads to better ideas. 3．What problems do some companies have according to Paragraph 5? A．Most of their staff can’t speak up. B．They don’t give their staff enough time to think. C．They don’t know how to hold a creative meeting. D．They care too much about their staff’s creativity. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Better ideas come from thinking alone B．Think twice before making a decision C．Find someone and share your idea D．Brainstorming develops creativity C For more than 100 years, going to the cinema with friends and family to watch brand-new films has been a tradition that lots of people have loved. Not only is it a great experience to sit in comfortable seats and eat popcorn, but it’s a chance to watch the latest films on the big screen. However, in recent years, some people have realised it’s easier and more convenient to watch films in their own home. What do you think? Are cinemas the best place to watch films? Yes—it’s an amazing experience Going to the cinema is a really fun activity to enjoy with friends and family. It’s a chance to leave the house, enjoy a film with other people, and even eat some delicious popcorn. Also, ________. The big screen and surround sound help you lose yourself in a film easily. Lots of films are specially made for the cinema and don’t feel the same on a TV or laptop. At home, distractions (分心) like stopping for a drink can make the experience bad. The cinema feels special and lets you truly enjoy the movie. No—they’re too expensive It can cost a lot of money to go to the cinema, especially when the whole family is going together. People don’t just have to pay for tickets but snacks and drinks too. Most popular films usually stay in the cinemas for around four weeks, and sometimes it doesn’t take long before they’re available on streaming (流媒体) services. There’s no need to see films at the cinema if they’ll be available to watch at home in a month or two. Streaming films is much easier too, because people have more control over when they watch the film and can pause (暂停) it whenever they like. 1．What has been a tradition loved by many people for over 100 years? A．Reading books in the library. B．Watching streaming films online. C．Going to the cinema with friends and family. D．Watching films at home with family members. 2．Which of the following can be put in the “________”? A．nothing is better than watching films at home B．nothing beats the experience of going to the cinema C．going to the cinema is the most expensive experience D．going to the cinema is just like watching movies at home 3．Which italic (斜体) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “available” in the last paragraph? A．Is the manager available for a meeting now? B．The information is available on the Internet. C．He’s afraid he isn’t available to help with the show. D．The problem is getting it all done in the time available. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain the history of cinemas. B．To encourage more and more people to go to the cinema. C．To compare different kinds of films in cinemas and at home. D．To show different opinions towards cinema and home viewing. 【拔高题】 A Being a teenager can be challenging, but it can also be exciting. You’re becoming more independent and making decisions for yourself. You are also learning to take risks and solve problems better. And changes are happening throughout your body, even in your brain. The changes in your brain are influencing how you develop into an adult. Imagine the structure（结构）of your brain is like a big road map. Lots of roads lead to different destinations(目的地）. When you were a child, as you learnt new things, your brain created more and more roads to different destinations. By the time you become a teenager, many different roads lead to the most important places on the map. Now your brain’s job is to make that map more efficient. As a result, your experiences as a teenager actually influence the way that your brain develops. If you spend hours playing video games, what skills do you use? You learn to see something with your eyes and respond to it with your hands. As you develop those skills, your brain is making sure that the roads leading to them are especially fast and efficient. So, your video—game playing could be preparing you for a career such as a pilot. This is a great time for you to practice new skills and discover what you’re good at and try what you love doing. Go out and try different activities, and stick to them if you think they’re useful. Remember that with everything you do, you’re shaping your brain for the future. 1．What happens as children learn new things? A．Their brains make the maps more efficient. B．The structures of their brains are like big road maps. C．Their brains create more roads to different destinations. D．Many different roads lead to the most important places and stick to the useful activities. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Your brain. B．Something you see. C．Your skill D．Something you learn. 3．What’s the writer’s advice for teenagers? A．Teenagers should learn to be more independent. B．Teenagers should work harder and more efficiently. C．Teenagers should play more video games in order to be a pilot. D．Teenagers should experience more and stick to the useful activities. 4．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Making Decisions for Yourself B．Developing Your Brains for the Future. C．Ways of Changing Your Brain. D．Changes Happening in Your Brain. B Work is helpful to health. Scientists find that the hard-working people live longer than those who have no jobs. Studies show that the jobless are in poorer health than job-holders. Career（ 职业的） women are healthier than housewives. Why is work good for health? It is because work keeps people busy, away from loneliness. Researches show that people feel unhappy, worried and lonely when they have nothing to do. Instead, the happiest people are those who are busy. Many high achievers who love their careers feel them happiest when they are working hard. They work as a bridge between dream and reality, so they have energy every day. By work, people get to know each other. By taking part in all kinds of activities, they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss（丧失）of work means the loss of everything. It affects man's spirit and it will cause more illnesses. Besides, work gives one a sense of hope and a sense of achievement. Work makes one feel his value and status（形象） in society. When a writer finishes his writing or a doctor successfully operates on a patient or a teacher sees his students grow, they are happy beyond（ 超越） words. From the above, we can come to a conclusion； the more you work, the happier and healthier you will be. 1．How will people feel when they have nothing to do from the passage? A．Relaxed and excited. B．Happy but bored. C．Worried and unhappy. D．Relaxed but unhealthy. 2．Who are the real happiest people? A．Those who are rich. B．Those who are friendly. C．Those who are famous. D．Those who are busy. 3．The underlined word"it"in the passage means? A．the loss of happiness. B．the loss of work. C．the loss of energy. D．the loss of health. 4．What's the main idea of this passage? A．I you are happy, you will have more work to do. B．If you are healthy, you will have more work to do. C．The more you work, the happier you will be. D．The more work you do, the more money you will have. C Dwight Morrow was a famous banker and diplomat(外交官) of America in the 20th century. Once, Morrow travelled in Rugby, England. During this period, he left the station nearby. While walking on and on, he got lost. So he asked a local boy of the way. The boy told him, “Turn right from here until a grocery store, and then turn left from there. Go straight on and you will find a place with a four-street intersection(十字路口)...” With that, the boy thought for a while and went on saying, “When you get there, you are not far from the station. Then you’d better ask someone else. But even if I tell you now, you may not remember.” According to the boy’s guide, Morrow got to the four-street intersection pretty soon, and then asked a passerby there and quickly turned back to the station in no time. This was a minor matter, but it had great influence on Morrow. Morrow realized that each person’s ability is limited and many problems can not be worked out in one day. 1．Who helped Morrow finally get to the destination? A．he himself B．the boy C．a passerby D．the boy and a passerby 2．Why did the boy say “Even if I tell you now, you may not remember.”? A．Because he wanted to tell Morrow that Morrow was not smart enough. B．Because he thought it was too difficult to remember at a time. C．Because he wanted to play a trick on Morrow. D．Because he wanted to hide the fact that he himself didn’t know the way. 3．What influence might the experience have on Morrow? A．A friend in need is a friend indeed. B．Success is always hard to get. C．People must act step by step and get to the destination(目的地) gradually. D．We should always believe ourselves. 4．What is the best title of this passage? A．Give thanks, get thanks B．Never ever give up C．Don’t count on asking the way only once D．Everything happens for the best 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 焦点06 阅读理解之议论文 备战2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训 【题型解析】 一、2026年盐城中考英语阅读理解之议论文重难点分析​ 结合2024-2025年盐城中考英语真题（如2024年“治沙英雄”、2025年“AI伦理”）及2026年江苏中考命题趋势，2026年盐城中考英语议论文的核心重难点可归纳为以下几类： 1. 逻辑结构与论证分析：识别“隐性逻辑链”​ 议论文的核心是“论证”，其结构多为“引论-本论-结论”（如“提出问题-分析问题-解决问题”），但2026年可能强化“隐性逻辑链”的考查（如多论据交织、伏笔与呼应）。例如，2025年盐城中考议论文《AI是否应取代教师》中，“AI可以提高教学效率”与“AI缺乏情感交流”是矛盾的核心，需考生识别“效率”与“情感”之间的逻辑冲突。 具体难点： 区分“论点”（核心观点，如“AI不应取代教师”）与“论据”（支持观点的理由，如“AI无法进行个性化辅导”）； 识别“论证方式”（如举例论证、对比论证、因果论证），例如2024年真题中用“治沙英雄的事迹”举例论证“坚持就是胜利”； 处理“多步骤论证”（如“垃圾分类的重要性→垃圾分类的方法→垃圾分类的意义”），整合分散信息以把握整体逻辑。 2. 隐含观点与态度推断：“言外之意”的挖掘​ 议论文常通过情感词、反问句、隐喻传递隐含观点，但观点多为“间接”而非“直白”（如“AI的发展是一把双刃剑”暗示“需谨慎使用AI”）。2026年可能强化“观点变化脉络”的考查（如从“支持AI”到“理性看待AI”的态度转变）。 具体难点： 从“情感词”推断态度（如“remarkably beneficial”暗示支持，“concerning”暗示担忧）； 分析“观点转折点”（如“虽然AI提高了效率，但也带来了隐私问题”中的“但”是转折点）； 归纳“隐含主题”（如“本文通过AI的例子说明科技发展需兼顾伦理”需整合“效率”“隐私”“伦理”等细节）。 3. 跨学科知识与语境理解：“陌生领域”的解读​ 议论文常涉及跨学科知识（如科技类的“AI算法”、环保类的“碳中和”、文化类的“非遗传承”），且长难句多为嵌套定语从句、被动语态（如“The new policy, which was introduced last year, aims to reduce carbon emissions by 20%”）。2026年可能增加“跨句逻辑”的考查（如“因为碳排放增加，所以全球气温上升”需关联前后句）。 具体难点： 提取长难句主干（如“who引导的定语从句”可简化为“马克练习潜水”）； 理解“分词结构”的逻辑（如“Feeling tired, Mark sat down”中“Feeling tired”是“sat down”的原因）； 处理“跨句指代”（如“it”指代前文的“AI”）。 4. 干扰项排除：“形似而神不似”的陷阱​ 议论文的细节题多考查数据、步骤、特征、优缺点（如2025年盐城中考议论文《垃圾分类的优缺点》中的“垃圾分类可以减少污染”需定位数据），但干扰项设计愈发精巧，常见陷阱包括： 偷换概念（如将“reduce”改为“eliminate”，将“30%”改为“50%”）； 无中生有（如原文未提及“AI会取代所有教师”，选项却出现“AI will replace all teachers”）； 逻辑颠倒（如“因为下雨，所以地面湿”被改为“因为地面湿，所以下雨”）。 二、2026年盐城中考英语阅读理解之议论文解题步骤​ 针对上述重难点，结合2024-2025年盐城中考真题及2026年江苏命题趋势，系统化解题步骤可总结为以下四步： Step 1：通读全文，把握结构与主旨​ 标记段落主题句：主题句多在段首（开门见山）或段尾（总结强调），如2025年盐城中考议论文《AI是否应取代教师》的首句“AI is changing the way we teach and learn”是全文主旨句。 绘制逻辑图：用符号标注逻辑关系（如“∵”表示因果，“→”表示步骤，“vs”表示对比），例如“问题-解决”结构可标记为“问题→原因→解决方法”。 Step 2：定位细节，关键词匹配​ 关键词定位法：根据题干中的数字、专有名词、术语（如“carbon emission”“AI algorithm”）回原文定位，例如题干“ What is the main advantage of AI in education?”中的“advantage”和“education”是关键词，需定位到原文“AI can personalize learning for each student”。 注意限定词：如“main purpose”需关注首尾段，“best describes”需匹配最佳选项（如“本文的主要目的是介绍AI的优缺点”而非“说服读者支持AI”）。 Step 3：分析逻辑，推理判断​ 因果推断：若文中提到“due to”“as a result”，需关联前后信息（如“因为温室气体排放增加，所以全球气温上升”）； 观点与事实区分：事实是客观描述（如“AI可以提高教学效率”），观点是主观判断（如“AI应取代教师”）； 隐含信息推导：如原文“AI虽然提高了效率，但也带来了隐私问题”可推导出“需谨慎使用AI”。 Step 4：验证答案，排除干扰​ 同义替换验证：正确选项常对原文进行改写（如“reduce pollution”对应“cut down emissions”，“efficient”对应“save time and energy”）； 排除绝对化选项：如“only”“absolutely”等词多为错误选项（如“Only by using AI can we improve education”过于绝对，原文可能说“Using AI is one of the ways to improve education”）； 逻辑一致性检查：答案需与原文逻辑一致（如“AI比教师更高效”不能推出“AI比教师更好”，需原文有“AI的效率高于教师，但情感交流不足”的支持）。 三、2026年盐城中考英语阅读理解之议论文预测分析​ 结合2024-2025年盐城中考真题及2026年江苏中考命题趋势，2026年盐城中考英语议论文的命题方向与备考建议如下： 1. 命题趋势预测​ 主题聚焦： 科技伦理：AI与教育（如“AI是否应取代教师”）、AI与就业（如“AI会导致失业吗”）； 环保与可持续发展：碳中和（如“如何实现碳中和”）、垃圾分类（如“盐城的垃圾分类政策”）； 文化传承：非遗传承（如“剪纸的现代创新”）、传统建筑（如“盐城水街的建筑特色”）； 社会热点：青少年心理健康（如“如何应对学习压力”）、网络安全（如“如何防范网络诈骗”）。 题型创新： 图文结合题：如流程图（如“垃圾分类的步骤”）、表格（如“不同能源的碳排放量对比”）； 多文本对比题：如两篇关于“线上学习vs线下学习”的议论文，要求比较两者的优缺点； 批判性思维题：如“作者对AI的态度是支持还是反对？请说明理由”（需结合文本内容分析）。 2. 备考建议​ 强化结构化训练：每日练习1篇议论文，用思维导图梳理“引论-本论-结论”框架，例如2025年盐城中考议论文《AI是否应取代教师》的框架是“提出问题→分析问题→解决问题”； 积累高频主题词汇： 科技类：innovation（创新）、sustainable（可持续的）、automated（自动化的）； 环保类：recyclable（可回收的）、emission（排放）、ecosystem（生态系统）； 文化类：heritage（遗产）、craftsmanship（工艺）、traditional technique（传统技艺）； 精析长难句：每日拆解1-2句议论文长难句，提取主干与修饰成分（如“定语从句”“同位语”），例如“The project, which is funded by the government, aims to protect the wetland ecosystem”的主干是“The project aims to protect the wetland ecosystem”； 真题研究：分析近3年盐城中考议论文（如2023年“治沙英雄”、2024年“AI伦理”），总结命题规律（如细节题占比60%，推理题占比20%）。 四、2026年盐城中考英语阅读理解之议论文易错点提醒​ 避免过度解读：议论文答案需严格基于文本，忌主观联想（如“作者可能支持AI取代教师”若无依据则错误）； 警惕“偷换概念”：干扰项可能替换原文关键词（如将“renewable”改为“non-renewable”，将“reduce”改为“eliminate”）； 注意单位与数据：如“increase by 20%”（增加了20%）与“increase to 20%”（增加到20%）含义不同； 区分“主旨”与“细节”：主旨题需覆盖全文（如“科技发展需兼顾伦理”），细节题需定位具体信息（如“AI可以提高教学效率”）。 结语​ 2026年盐城中考英语议论文的核心是“考查综合语言运用能力”，即“读懂文本+分析逻辑+解决问题的能力”。考生需通过结构化训练（如思维导图）、高频词汇积累（如科技、环保类术语）、长难句拆解（如提取主干）等方法，突破重难点，提高解题准确率。同时，需关注2026年江苏中考的命题趋势（如图文结合、多文本对比），提前做好准备，确保在考试中取得好成绩。 【基础题】 A Did you sleep well last night? Or did you wake up feeling tired?  Getting a good night’s sleep requires more than getting into bed and closing your eyes. Understanding your sleep behavior and preparing for a sound sleep can help make sure every night is a good night for sleeping. “Sleep is a kind of behavior and it is different among people,”explains Dr. Carol Landis, a sleep researcher professor.“The greatest differences happen in the timing (时间选择) of sleep and the amount (数量) of sleep.”Some people function better if they go to sleep early and rise early, while others feel more rested (精力充沛的) if they stay up late and sleep in. The amount of sleep the adults need each night is also different. Some people may be fine with six hours’sleep, while others need up to nine hours’sleep per night. Landis offers the following advice on practicing falling asleep well: Avoid coffee and food such as chocolate in the late afternoon and evening. Finish exercising two hours before going to sleep. Exercise increases body temperatures and makes it more difficult to fall asleep easily. Don’t sleep in a warm environment. A drop in a person’s body temperature is important at the beginning of deep sleep. People who sleep in a well-heated room may not sleep well. Catch up on missed sleep when you have the chance. Busy work or busy weekend activities often make it difficult to get as much sleep as we’d like each night. Try taking a 30-minute short sleep during the day before 4 pm or sleeping in on weekends. 1．What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph mean? A．Getting into bed and closing your eyes can make you fall asleep quickly. B．Getting into bed and closing your eyes are not enough to make sure of a good night’s sleep. C．Getting into bed and closing your eyes are the most important in getting a good night’s sleep. D．Getting into bed and closing your eyes have nothing to do with a good night’s sleep. 2．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us? A．We should have the right amount of sleep every day. B．We should go to bed at the right time every day. C．The ways of improving sleep of different people. D．The differences in sleep among people. 3．What does Dr. Carol Landis advise us to do? A．To avoid exercising within two hours of sleeping. B．To eat some sweet food in the late after- noon. C．To sleep in a very warm room. D．To stop sleeping during the daytime. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Sleeping problems. B．Sleep behavior. C．How to get a sound sleep. D．Different kinds of sleep. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】科普知识、方法/策略、议论文、主旨大意、推理判断、词句猜测 【分析】本文讲述了如何有个好的睡眠。想要睡个好觉需要的不仅仅是上床睡觉和闭上眼睛。了解自己的睡眠行为，为良好的睡眠做准备，可以帮助人们确保每晚都是一个良好的睡眠之夜。睡眠是一种行为，人与人之间是不同的，兰迪斯为大家提供了以下关于睡眠的建议：避免在傍晚和晚上喝咖啡或吃巧克力等食物。睡觉前两小时完成锻炼。有机会的时候弥补错过的睡眠。 1．词句猜测题。“more than”表示“超过”，“getting into bed”表示“上床睡觉”，“closing your eyes”表示“闭上眼睛”；主语是“Getting a good night’s sleep”，意为“想要睡个好觉”，整句的意思是：想要睡个好觉需要的不仅仅是上床睡觉和闭上眼睛。即上床睡觉和闭上眼睛并不足以保证晚上睡个好觉，故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Sleep is a kind of behavior and it is different among people”可知睡眠是一种行为，人与人之间是不同的，所以本段主要讲的是人们睡眠的差异，故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“Finish exercising two hours before going to sleep. ”可知睡前两小时不能运动，与选项A内容相符，所以选项A正确；根据“Avoid coffee and food such as chocolate in the late afternoon and evening.”可知避免在傍晚和晚上喝咖啡或吃巧克力等食物，与选项B内容不相符，所以选项B错误；根据“Don’t sleep in a warm environment. ”可知不要在温暖的环境中睡觉，与选项C内容不相符，所以选项C错误；根据“Try taking a 30-minute short sleep during the day before 4 pm or sleeping in on weekends.”可知在下午4点之前或周末睡个30分钟，与选项D内容不相符，所以选项D错误；故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Understanding your sleep behavior and preparing for a sound sleep can help make sure every night is a good night for sleeping.”及“Landis offers the following advice on practicing falling asleep well”可知给了一些睡眠的建议，可推测出本文主要是如何有一个好的睡眠，故选C。 B In your opinion, how should a man dress, behave and talk? There is no single Standard(标准). Many girls today love  xiaoxianrou, or "little fresh meat", which refers to young male stars who are delicate(精致的) and cute. Of course, there are also people who still appreciate the traditional male image of being muscular(肌肉发达的) and strong. This topic caused some heated discussions across China in September. It started when CCTV invited four young actors to perform on First Class for the New Semester(《开学第一课》), an educational TV show for primary and secondary school students that aired on Sept.1. The four actors all appeared feminine(女性化的)， having slender frames(苗条身材）and wearing makeup. Afterwards, criticism(批评) of their appearance(外表) was everywhere on the Internet. Some called the actors "sissies", a word that is used to refer to men who have a "soft" appearance. Some parents believe that popularizing this kind of soft male image is in poor taste and could have an influence on their children's personal development. "As famous stars, the male idols(偶像) focused too much on their appearance and failed to act as proper role models, "Xinhua said. "If men behave this way, China will never become the strong country it hopes to be", Xinhua added. However, others have a more open mind toward it. "It's a stereotype(刻板印象）to think all male stars should be as masculine as Jackie Chan. As society diversifies( 多样化), there are more options(选项) for fans to choose from, "Liang Yurou,19, a college student from Fujian Province, told China Daily. Some people also pointed out that gender can be expressed in different ways. As a male, caring about one's appearance has nothing to do with one's degree of "manliness". "No matter what kind of personal style or quality he or she chooses to present, whether it is strong-willed or gentle, that doesn't stop them from being an excellent person, "China Women's Daily said in a report. This was echoed( 附和)by People's Daily. "A man's strength should be judged (评判)according to their inner qualities-not their physical appearance, "it said in an article. 1．What do xiaoxianrou look like? A．They look delicate and cute. B．They look muscular and strong. C．They look older than other people of the same age. D．They dress like girls and wear makeup 2．The four young actors who were invited to perform on First Class for the New Semester caused a discussion because ________. A．they were famous across China B．they were too young to be idols C．they appeared very feminine D．they behaved badly 3．What did Xinhua say about this issue? A．People are not easily influenced by celebrities(名人）. B．Male idols are part of China's development. C．Male idols shouldn't focus so much on their appearance. D．Many Chinese people don't like feminine male idols, 4．Which of the following newspapers held a positive(肯定的)attitude toward xiaoxianrou? a. Xinhua    b. China Women's Daily   c. People's Daily   d. China Daily A．a, b B．a ,c C．a ,d D．b ,c 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】青少年问题、议论文、细节理解、推理判断 【分析】本文讲述了“小鲜肉”，指的是年轻男性明星精致和可爱。新华社觉得男明星过多注重外表，不能表演好角色，而且不能强国；《中国日报》《中国妇女日报》两家持肯定的态度。无论他/她选择展现什么样的个人风格或品质，无论他/她是意志坚强还是性格温和，都不能阻止他们成为一个优秀的人。 1．细节理解题。根据“Many girls today love  xiaoxianrou, or "little fresh meat", which refers to young male stars who are delicate(精致的) and cute. ”指的是年轻男性明星精致和可爱，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The four actors all appeared feminine(女性化的)， having slender frames(苗条身材）and wearing makeup.”这四位演员都很女性化的，而且身材苗条，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“"As famous stars, the male idols(偶像) focused too much on their appearance and failed to act as proper role models, "Xinhua said. "If men behave this way, China will never become the strong country it hopes to be", Xinhua added.”可知，新华社觉得男明星过多注重外表，不能表演好角色，而且不能强国，故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“It's a stereotype(刻板印象）to think all male stars should be as masculine as Jackie Chan. As society diversifies( 多样化), there are more options(选项) for fans to choose from, "Liang Yurou,19, a college student from Fujian Province, told China Daily.”可知是China Daily是持肯定态度的；根据“"No matter what kind of personal style or quality he or she chooses to present, whether it is strong-willed or gentle, that doesn't stop them from being an excellent person, "China Women's Daily said in a report.”可知China Women's Daily是持肯定态度的；故选D。 C People travel for a lot of reasons. Some tourists go to see battlefields(战场) or other Historic remains (历史遗址). Others are looking for culture, or simply want to have their pictures taken in front of famous places. Most European tourists are looking for a sunny beach to lie on. Northern Europeans are willing to pay a lot of money for the sun because they have so little of it. People of cities like London, Copenhagen (哥本哈根) and Amsterdam (阿姆斯特丹) spend much of their winter in the dark because the days are so short, and much of the rest of the year in the rain. This is the reason why the Mediterranean(地中海) has always attracted(吸引) them. Every summer many people travel to Mediterranean resorts (度假胜地) and beaches for their vacations. They all come for the same reason: sun! The huge crowds mean lots of money for the economics (经济) of Mediterranean countries. Italy's 30,000 hotels are booked without a break every summer. And 13 million people camp out on French beaches, parks, and roadsides. Spain's long sandy coastline attracts more people than anywhere else, 37 million tourists there yearly, or one tourist for each person living in Spain. But there are signs that the area is getting more tourists than it can deal with. The Mediterranean is already one of the most polluted seas on earth. None of these, however, is ruining (毁灭) anyone's fun. Obviously (显然地)，they don' go there for clean water. They allow traffic jams and seem to like crowded beaches. They don't even mind the pollution No matter how dirty the water is, the coastline sill less beautiful. And as long as the sun shines, it's still better than sitting in the cold rain in Berlin, London, or Oslo (奥斯陆). 1．The writer seems to imply (暗示) that Europeans travel mostly for the reason that_______. A．they want to see historic remains B．they wish to escape from cold, dark and rainy days C．they would like to take pictures in front of famous places D．they are interested in different cultural and social customs 2．According to the passage, which of the following countries attracts more tourists than the others? A．Italy. B．Greece. C．France. D．Spain. 3．The underlined part in the last sentence in Paragraph 3 “one tourist for each person living in Spain” means____________. A．all the 37 million people living in Spain are tourists B．every person living in Spain has to take care of a tourist C．every year almost as many tourists visit Spain as there are people living in that country D．every family in Spain is visited by a tourist every year 4．According to the passage, which of the following might ruin (毁坏) the tourists’ fun at Mediterranean resorts and beaches? A．Polluted water. B．Crowded buses. C．Rainy weather. D．Traffic jams. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】旅行、环境污染、议论文、细节理解、词句猜测 【分析】本文讲述了人们旅行有很多原因。大多数欧洲游客都在寻找阳光充足的海滩躺下休息。每年夏天很多人去地中海度假胜地和海滩度假。西班牙漫长的沙滩海岸线吸引了比其他任何地方都多的游客，每年有3700万游客，但有迹象表明，该地区接待的游客数量超出了它的承受能力。地中海已经是地球上污染最严重的海域之一。但是也给当地带来了环境污染，交通堵塞。 1．细节理解题。A. they want to see historic remains他们想看看历史遗迹；B. they wish to escape from cold, dark and rainy days他们希望逃避寒冷、黑暗和雨天；C. they would like to take pictures in front of famous places他们喜欢在著名的地方前面拍照；D. they are interested in different cultural and social customs他们对不同的文化和社会习俗感兴趣；根据“ Most European tourists are looking for a sunny beach to lie on… because the days are so short, and much of the rest of the year in the rain. ”大多数欧洲游客都在寻找阳光充足的海滩躺下休息，他们希望逃避寒冷、黑暗和雨天。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“ Spain's long sandy coastline attracts more people than anywhere else, 37 million tourists there yearly, or one tourist for each person living in Spain.”西班牙漫长的沙滩海岸线吸引了比其他任何地方都多的游客，每年有3700万游客，或者说每一个生活在西班牙的人就有一个游客。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。A. all the 37 million people living in Spain are tourists所有生活在西班牙的3700万人都是游客；B. every person living in Spain has to take care of a tourist每个住在西班牙的人都要照顾一个游客；C. every year almost as many tourists visit Spain as there are people living in that country每年到西班牙旅游的游客几乎和那个国家的人口一样多在西班牙；D. every family in Spain is visited by a tourist every year每一个家庭每年都有一位游客来访；根据“ Spain's long sandy coastline attracts more people than anywhere else, 37 million tourists there yearly, or one tourist for each person living in Spain.”西班牙漫长的沙滩海岸线吸引了比其他任何地方都多的游客，每年有3700万游客，所以此处是每年到西班牙旅游的游客几乎和那个国家的人口一样多在西班牙，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段This is the reason the Mediterranean has always attracted them．Every summer, more than 25million people travel to Mediterranean resorts and beaches for their vacation. They all come for the same reason：sun!可知游客来旅游主要是为了享受阳光，A、B、D中提到的东西游客都可以忍受，但是不能没有阳光，所以雨天会破坏游客的乐趣。故选C。 【提升题】 A Many teenagers like using social media (社交媒体), such as WeChat, QQ and Sina Weibo. They use these apps to talk with friends, share photos and get the latest news. However, using social media too much may cause some problems. For example, some students spend too much time on it and don’t have enough time to study. Also, some information on social media may not be true. So, we should use social media in a right way. We can limit (限制) our time on it and be careful with the information we read. 1．What do teenagers use social media to do? A．Only talk with friends. B．Only share photos. C．Only get the latest news. D．Talk with friends, share photos and get the latest news. 2．What problems may using social media too much cause? A．Students may get better grades. B．Students may have more time to study. C．Students may spend too much time on it and the information may not be true. D．Students may make more friends. 3．What should we do to use social media in a right way? A．Spend more time on it. B．Believe all the information. C．Limit our time on it and be careful with the information. D．Use it as much as possible. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The Advantages of Social Media B．The Disadvantages of Social Media C．How to Use Social Media Correctly D．Why Do Teenagers Like Social Media 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】网络的利弊、议论文、意见/建议 【导语】本文通过分析社交媒体的利弊，强调合理使用的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“Many teenagers like using social media (社交媒体), such as WeChat, QQ and Sina Weibo. They use these apps to talk with friends, share photos and get the latest news.”可知，青少年用社交媒体与朋友聊天、分享照片并得到最新的新闻。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“However, using social media too much may cause some problems. For example, some students spend too much time on it and don’t have enough time to study. Also, some information on social media may not be true.”可知，过度使用社交媒体可能导致两个问题：学生花费过多时间，影响学习； 社交媒体上的信息可能不真实。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“So, we should use social media in a right way. We can limit (限制) our time on it and be careful with the information we read.”可知，正确使用社交媒体的方法是限制使用时间，谨慎对待信息。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文通过分析社交媒体的利弊，强调合理使用的重要性，选项C“如何正确使用社交媒体”为最佳标题。故选C。 B “Let’s brainstorm together!” You might often hear your teachers ask you to have a group discussion to solve a problem. But is brainstorming really the best way to solve problems, especially creative ones? The Dutch company WeTransfer did a study of 20,000 people from 197 countries and regions. Most of these people work in creative jobs, such as writers, musicians and scientists. The results showed that brainstorming was often unhelpful for solving creative challenges. “It seems that while working together is important to bring an idea to life, it’s not very helpful for shaping ideas in the first place,” said Rob Alderson, WeTransfer’s editor-in-chief. If we give people enough time and space to think clearly, they can come up with better ideas, Alderson aded. Even Alex Osborn, the father of brainstorming, believed that spending time thinking alone was part of his own creative process. However, most companies don’t give their staff enough time and chances to prepare and develop their ideas on their own. Instead, they often hold too many meetings, which can hurt creativity. More than 40 percent of the people said meetings were harmful to good thinking. Spending time alone to think helps you come up with your own ideas and develop independent thinking. This is especially important when making decisions. Nearly 80 percent of the people in WeTransfer’s study said they trusted their own instincts (直觉) and research when deciding whether an idea was good. 1．What did WeTransfer’s research find out? A．People waste too much time brainstorming. B．Brainstorming brings creative people together. C．Brainstorming is needed to solve creative problems. D．Brainstorming isn’t very helpful for solving creative challenges. 2．Which idea might Alex Osborn agree with about coming up with good ideas? A．Working with others is important. B．Thinking on your own is helpful. C．Having discussions in meetings helps a lot. D．Asking for quick answers leads to better ideas. 3．What problems do some companies have according to Paragraph 5? A．Most of their staff can’t speak up. B．They don’t give their staff enough time to think. C．They don’t know how to hold a creative meeting. D．They care too much about their staff’s creativity. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Better ideas come from thinking alone B．Think twice before making a decision C．Find someone and share your idea D．Brainstorming develops creativity 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】方法/策略、议论文 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了头脑风暴在解决创造性问题时的有效性。文章引用了WeTransfer公司对20,000名来自197个国家和地区从事创意工作的人的研究结果，指出头脑风暴在形成创意时并不十分有效，而独立思考则更有助于产生好的想法。文章还提到，许多公司未能给予员工足够的时间和空间进行独立思考，反而通过过多的会议抑制了创造力。 1．细节理解题。根据“The results showed that brainstorming was often unhelpful for solving creative challenges.”可知研究结果表明，头脑风暴在解决创造性挑战时往往没有帮助。因此头脑风暴对解决创造性问题并不十分有效。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Even Alex Osborn, the father of brainstorming, believed that spending time thinking alone was part of his own creative process.”可知即使是头脑风暴之父Alex Osborn也认为，花时间独立思考是他自己创作过程的一部分。因此Alex Osborn认为独立思考有助于产生好的想法。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“However, most companies don’t give their staff enough time and chances to prepare and develop their ideas on their own.”可知然而，大多数公司没有给予员工足够的时间和机会来独立准备和发展他们的想法。因此许多公司未能给予员工足够的时间进行独立思考。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。根据“But is brainstorming really the best way to solve problems, especially creative ones?”以及文章整体内容可知本文的最佳标题应突出独立思考的价值。故选A。 C For more than 100 years, going to the cinema with friends and family to watch brand-new films has been a tradition that lots of people have loved. Not only is it a great experience to sit in comfortable seats and eat popcorn, but it’s a chance to watch the latest films on the big screen. However, in recent years, some people have realised it’s easier and more convenient to watch films in their own home. What do you think? Are cinemas the best place to watch films? Yes—it’s an amazing experience Going to the cinema is a really fun activity to enjoy with friends and family. It’s a chance to leave the house, enjoy a film with other people, and even eat some delicious popcorn. Also, ________. The big screen and surround sound help you lose yourself in a film easily. Lots of films are specially made for the cinema and don’t feel the same on a TV or laptop. At home, distractions (分心) like stopping for a drink can make the experience bad. The cinema feels special and lets you truly enjoy the movie. No—they’re too expensive It can cost a lot of money to go to the cinema, especially when the whole family is going together. People don’t just have to pay for tickets but snacks and drinks too. Most popular films usually stay in the cinemas for around four weeks, and sometimes it doesn’t take long before they’re available on streaming (流媒体) services. There’s no need to see films at the cinema if they’ll be available to watch at home in a month or two. Streaming films is much easier too, because people have more control over when they watch the film and can pause (暂停) it whenever they like. 1．What has been a tradition loved by many people for over 100 years? A．Reading books in the library. B．Watching streaming films online. C．Going to the cinema with friends and family. D．Watching films at home with family members. 2．Which of the following can be put in the “________”? A．nothing is better than watching films at home B．nothing beats the experience of going to the cinema C．going to the cinema is the most expensive experience D．going to the cinema is just like watching movies at home 3．Which italic (斜体) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “available” in the last paragraph? A．Is the manager available for a meeting now? B．The information is available on the Internet. C．He’s afraid he isn’t available to help with the show. D．The problem is getting it all done in the time available. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain the history of cinemas. B．To encourage more and more people to go to the cinema. C．To compare different kinds of films in cinemas and at home. D．To show different opinions towards cinema and home viewing. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】电影与戏剧、议论文 【导语】本文主要就电影院是否是看电影的最佳场所这一问题给出了两种不同的意见。 1．细节理解题。根据“For more than 100 years, going to the cinema with friends and family to watch brand-new films has been a tradition that lots of people have loved.”可知，100多年来，许多人喜爱的传统是和朋友和家人一起去看电影。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Are cinemas the best place to watch films?”以及“Yes—it’s an amazing experience”可知，此处表示认为电影院是看电影的最佳场所，可推知，选项B“没有什么比去电影院的体验更好的了”符合语境。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Most popular films usually stay in the cinemas for around four weeks, and sometimes it doesn’t take long before they’re available on streaming (流媒体) services.”可知，大多数受欢迎的电影通常会在电影院上映四周左右，有时很快就会在流媒体服务上播放，所以划线部分的含义是“可获得的；可找到的”，根据选项可知，B项“这些信息可以在互联网上找到。”符合。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“What do you think? Are cinemas the best place to watch films?”、“Yes—it’s an amazing experience”以及“No—they’re too expensive”并通读全文可知，本文主要就电影院是否是看电影的最佳场所这一问题给出了两种不同的意见。故选D。 【拔高题】 A Being a teenager can be challenging, but it can also be exciting. You’re becoming more independent and making decisions for yourself. You are also learning to take risks and solve problems better. And changes are happening throughout your body, even in your brain. The changes in your brain are influencing how you develop into an adult. Imagine the structure（结构）of your brain is like a big road map. Lots of roads lead to different destinations(目的地）. When you were a child, as you learnt new things, your brain created more and more roads to different destinations. By the time you become a teenager, many different roads lead to the most important places on the map. Now your brain’s job is to make that map more efficient. As a result, your experiences as a teenager actually influence the way that your brain develops. If you spend hours playing video games, what skills do you use? You learn to see something with your eyes and respond to it with your hands. As you develop those skills, your brain is making sure that the roads leading to them are especially fast and efficient. So, your video—game playing could be preparing you for a career such as a pilot. This is a great time for you to practice new skills and discover what you’re good at and try what you love doing. Go out and try different activities, and stick to them if you think they’re useful. Remember that with everything you do, you’re shaping your brain for the future. 1．What happens as children learn new things? A．Their brains make the maps more efficient. B．The structures of their brains are like big road maps. C．Their brains create more roads to different destinations. D．Many different roads lead to the most important places and stick to the useful activities. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Your brain. B．Something you see. C．Your skill D．Something you learn. 3．What’s the writer’s advice for teenagers? A．Teenagers should learn to be more independent. B．Teenagers should work harder and more efficiently. C．Teenagers should play more video games in order to be a pilot. D．Teenagers should experience more and stick to the useful activities. 4．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Making Decisions for Yourself B．Developing Your Brains for the Future. C．Ways of Changing Your Brain. D．Changes Happening in Your Brain. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】科普知识、议论文、细节理解、最佳标题 【分析】文章主要介绍作为年轻人要具有挑战性，这样去锻炼你的大脑，去学习冒险和更好的解决问题，尝试练习新技能，在好的时间做喜欢的事情，尝试不同的活动，并坚持下来，这对塑造你的大脑，对你的未来的发展有好处。 1．细节理解题。根据文中When you were a child, as you learnt new things, your brain created more and more roads to different destinations.可知，当孩子们学习新东西的时候，大脑创造了越来越多的道路通向不同的目的地。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文中You learn to see something with your eyes and respond to it with your hands.可知，你学会用眼睛看东西，用手回应。用手回应眼睛看到的东西，所以it指something you see。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文中Go out and try different activities, and stick to them if you think they’re useful. 出去尝试不同的活动，如果你认为它们有用，就坚持下去。可知，作者认为青少年应该参与更多，并坚持有用的活动。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。根据短文内容可知，本文告诉我们青少年的身体和大脑都是在变化的，通过简单介绍大脑的结构，告诉我们十几岁时的经历会影响我们大脑的发育，无论我们做什么都是为未来塑造我们的大脑。故选B。 B Work is helpful to health. Scientists find that the hard-working people live longer than those who have no jobs. Studies show that the jobless are in poorer health than job-holders. Career（ 职业的） women are healthier than housewives. Why is work good for health? It is because work keeps people busy, away from loneliness. Researches show that people feel unhappy, worried and lonely when they have nothing to do. Instead, the happiest people are those who are busy. Many high achievers who love their careers feel them happiest when they are working hard. They work as a bridge between dream and reality, so they have energy every day. By work, people get to know each other. By taking part in all kinds of activities, they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss（丧失）of work means the loss of everything. It affects man's spirit and it will cause more illnesses. Besides, work gives one a sense of hope and a sense of achievement. Work makes one feel his value and status（形象） in society. When a writer finishes his writing or a doctor successfully operates on a patient or a teacher sees his students grow, they are happy beyond（ 超越） words. From the above, we can come to a conclusion； the more you work, the happier and healthier you will be. 1．How will people feel when they have nothing to do from the passage? A．Relaxed and excited. B．Happy but bored. C．Worried and unhappy. D．Relaxed but unhealthy. 2．Who are the real happiest people? A．Those who are rich. B．Those who are friendly. C．Those who are famous. D．Those who are busy. 3．The underlined word"it"in the passage means? A．the loss of happiness. B．the loss of work. C．the loss of energy. D．the loss of health. 4．What's the main idea of this passage? A．I you are happy, you will have more work to do. B．If you are healthy, you will have more work to do. C．The more you work, the happier you will be. D．The more work you do, the more money you will have. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 【难度】0.4 【知识点】科普知识、议论文、细节理解、主旨大意、词句猜测 【分析】本文主要内容是研究表明工作会使人健康和快乐，工作给了人满足感和成就感，让我们努力工作，好好学习，过一种快乐和健康的生活。 1．细节理解。Relaxed and excited.放松和激动的； Happy but bored.高兴但无聊；Worried and unhappy.担心和不开心的；. Relaxed but unhealthy.放松但不健康的。根据文中“Researches show that people feel unhappy, worried and lonely when they have nothing to do.” 可知，研究表明，当人们无所事事时，会感到不快乐、焦虑和孤独。故选C。 2．细节理解。Those who are rich.那些富有的；Those who are friendly.那些友好的人们；Those who are famous.那些著名的人们；Those who are busy.那些忙碌的人们。根据文中“the happiest people are those who are busy.”可知，最快乐的人是那些忙碌的人。故选D。 3．词句猜测。the loss of happiness.失去幸福；the loss of work.失去工作；the loss of energy.失去能量；the loss of health.失去健康。根据上文“The loss（丧失）of work means the loss of everything.” 失去工作意味着失去一切。下文中“It affects man's spirit and it will cause more illnesses.” 它会影响人的精神，还会引起更多的疾病。可知，这里的it指的是失去工作。故选B。 4．主旨大意。通读整篇短文可知，这篇短文告诉我们工作给了人满足感和成就感，让我们努力工作，好好学习，过一种快乐和健康的生活。选项C“The more you work, the happier you will be.”你工作越多，你就会越快乐。符合题意。故选C。 C Dwight Morrow was a famous banker and diplomat(外交官) of America in the 20th century. Once, Morrow travelled in Rugby, England. During this period, he left the station nearby. While walking on and on, he got lost. So he asked a local boy of the way. The boy told him, “Turn right from here until a grocery store, and then turn left from there. Go straight on and you will find a place with a four-street intersection(十字路口)...” With that, the boy thought for a while and went on saying, “When you get there, you are not far from the station. Then you’d better ask someone else. But even if I tell you now, you may not remember.” According to the boy’s guide, Morrow got to the four-street intersection pretty soon, and then asked a passerby there and quickly turned back to the station in no time. This was a minor matter, but it had great influence on Morrow. Morrow realized that each person’s ability is limited and many problems can not be worked out in one day. 1．Who helped Morrow finally get to the destination? A．he himself B．the boy C．a passerby D．the boy and a passerby 2．Why did the boy say “Even if I tell you now, you may not remember.”? A．Because he wanted to tell Morrow that Morrow was not smart enough. B．Because he thought it was too difficult to remember at a time. C．Because he wanted to play a trick on Morrow. D．Because he wanted to hide the fact that he himself didn’t know the way. 3．What influence might the experience have on Morrow? A．A friend in need is a friend indeed. B．Success is always hard to get. C．People must act step by step and get to the destination(目的地) gradually. D．We should always believe ourselves. 4．What is the best title of this passage? A．Give thanks, get thanks B．Never ever give up C．Don’t count on asking the way only once D．Everything happens for the best 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 【难度】0.4 【知识点】哲理感悟、议论文、细节理解、主旨大意、最佳标题 【分析】本文讲述了20世纪美国著名的银行家和外交官德怀特莫罗在英国拉格比旅行迷路时，向一个小男孩问路的经过。这是件小事，但对莫罗有很大的影响。他意识到每个人的能力是有限的，许多问题不能在一天内解决。 1．细节理解题，根据第三段“According to the boy’s guide, Morrow got to the four-street intersection pretty soon, and then asked a passerby there and quickly turned back to the station in no time. ”可知他在男孩和一个过路人的帮助下到达目的地。故选D。 2．细节理解题，根据第二段中“Go straight on and you will find a place with a four-street intersection(十字路口)...”后面是省略号，说明还有很多要说的，路线应该比较复杂，男孩觉得他一时很难记住。故选B。 3．主旨大意题，莫罗先是根据男孩的描述到一个地方，然后询问另一个人到达目的地，如果男孩一次告诉他，他可能不会记住，甚至记错，从而不能到目的地。这次经历对他的影响是做事情要循序渐进。故选C。 4．最佳标题题，本篇通过莫罗问路的经过总结出做事情要循序渐进，不能放弃，这样就会成功，B. Never ever give up从不放弃。更能体现主题，故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $