焦点 07 词汇运用之语法填空-备战2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训（江苏徐州）

焦点07 词汇运用之语法填空 备战2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训 【题型解析】 一、2026年徐州中考英语语法填空的核心定位​ 语法填空是江苏徐州中考英语的重要题型，以“短文填空”为载体，要求根据上下文语境填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式，考查语法综合运用能力与语篇理解能力。其核心考查方向可概括为：基础语法（时态、语态、非谓语动词、词性转换）、逻辑衔接（介词、连词、代词）、语境适配（固定搭配、语义连贯）。 二、2026年徐州中考语法填空的重难点分析​ 结合2025年徐州中考真题（）及2026年模拟题（），语法填空的难点主要集中在以下三个维度： 1. 语法基础：时态、语态与非谓语动词的语境应用​ 时态判断：需根据上下文时间线索（如“yesterday”“last week”“since 2020”）选择正确时态，如一般过去时、现在完成时、过去进行时等。例如2025年徐州中考真题中，“Last Wednesday night, a young lady was attacked”提示需用一般过去时（）。 语态识别：需判断主语与动词的关系（主动/被动），如“her ring was given to him”（被动语态）需填入“give”的过去分词“given”（）。 非谓语动词：需区分不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）和分词（done）的用法，如“couldn’t wait to run”（不定式表目的）需填入“to run”（）。 2. 词形转换：词性变化与语义适配​ 名词单复数：需根据修饰词（如“many”“several”）或上下文判断，如“many kinds of books”需填入“kinds”（）。 形容词/副词转换：需根据句子成分（定语/状语）调整，如“very friendly”需填入“friendly”（形容词修饰名词），“eat regularly”需填入“regularly”（副词修饰动词）（）。 代词/冠词：需根据指代对象（如“her”“their”）或特指/泛指（如“the park”“a library”）选择，如“their library”需填入“their”（形容词性物主代词）（）。 3. 逻辑衔接：介词、连词与固定搭配​ 介词搭配：需掌握高频固定搭配，如“prepare for”“get together to do”“communicate with”等，如“prepare for the trip”需填入“for”（）。 连词逻辑：需识别句子间关系（因果、转折、并列），如“because”（因为）、“but”（但是）、“and”（和）等，如“she couldn’t return the money, so he made her give her ring”需填入“so”（因果）（）。 固定句型：需熟悉“it’s important to do”“too...to do”等句型，如“it’s important to keep healthy”需填入“to keep”（）。 三、2026年徐州中考语法填空的解题步骤​ 结合徐州中考命题特点，推荐“四步解题法”，聚焦“语境理解+语法匹配”： 1. 第一步：通读全文，把握语境​ 操作：快速浏览短文，了解主题（如“校园生活”“环保”“传统文化”）与情感基调（如“励志”“温暖”），标记时间线索（如“yesterday”“last week”）与逻辑信号词（如“but”“so”）。 示例：2025年徐州中考真题中，“Last Wednesday night, a young lady was attacked”提示主题为“街头袭击事件”，时间为“过去”，需使用一般过去时（）。 2. 第二步：分析空格，确定词性​ 语法匹配：根据句子结构判断空缺处的词性（名词、动词、形容词、副词）及语法形式（时态、语态、非谓语动词）。例如： 空缺处前为“to”，需填入动词原形（如“want to do”）； 空缺处后为“by”，需填入过去分词（被动语态，如“be done by”）； 空缺处前为“look forward to”，需填入动名词（如“doing”）。 示例：2025年徐州中考真题中，“couldn’t wait (run)”需填入“to run”（不定式表目的）（）。 3. 第三步：代入选项，排除干扰​ 优先排除：排除语法错误的选项（如主谓不一致、时态不符）、搭配错误的选项（如“look forward to do”）、语义不符的选项（如“affect”与“effect”混淆）。 次选逻辑：若剩余选项均语法正确，需结合语境选择最符合逻辑的选项（如“though”与“through”的区分）。 示例：2025年徐州中考真题中，“He put it into his wallet and went home happily”需填入“went”（一般过去时），排除“go”（一般现在时）（）。 4. 第四步：复核查验，确保连贯​ 操作：将所选词汇代入原文，检查语法是否正确（如时态、人称代词指代明确）、语义是否通顺（如“街头袭击事件”的逻辑连贯）、拼写是否无误（如“friendly”“regularly”）。 示例：2025年徐州中考真题中，代入“to run”“gave”“left”等词后，全文逻辑连贯：“Dylan Terry came to the West End Children Home. We couldn’t wait to run to the door to welcome him. He gave us a big cake. He left his wallet at the bus stop.”（）。 四、2026年徐州中考语法填空的预测分析​ 结合2025年徐州中考命题趋势（）及2026年模拟题（），2026年语法填空的命题将继续紧扣核心素养，注重语境化与时代性，具体预测如下： 1. 命题趋势：更贴近生活，更注重思维能力​ 话题时代性：融入更多社会热点（如环保、科技、传统文化），例如“徐州垃圾分类新政策”“AI学习助手的使用”“徐州汉文化的传承”（如汉服、剪纸）。 能力考查深化：减少单纯记忆性题目，增加对“语境推理”“词汇精准运用”的考查，例如通过“人工智能”“绿色能源”等话题，考查考生对“algorithm（算法）”“recycle（回收）”等词汇的理解。 跨学科融合：可能结合物理（新能源）、心理健康（焦虑应对）等学科知识，例如“太阳能板的工作原理”“如何应对考试压力”，考查信息整合能力。 2. 考点预测：重点考查以下内容​ 语法：时态（一般过去时、现在完成时）、语态（被动语态）、非谓语动词（不定式、动名词）、词性转换（名词单复数、形容词/副词）。 逻辑：介词（固定搭配）、连词（因果、转折）、代词（指代对象）。 语境：固定句型（如“it’s important to do”）、语义连贯（如“街头袭击事件”的逻辑链）。 3. 题型创新：可能增加图表或文化元素​ 图表题：可能结合流程图（如“垃圾分类步骤”）、统计图（如“青少年上网时间调查”），考查考生对图表信息的理解与语言转换能力。 文化元素：融入徐州本土文化（如汉文化、非遗项目），例如“汉服”“剪纸”等词汇可能出现在语法填空中，考查考生对本土文化的理解与语言运用能力。 五、2026年徐州中考语法填空的备考建议​ 针对上述重难点与预测，考生可采取以下针对性策略： 1. 夯实基础：语法与词汇体系梳理​ 语法梳理：重点复习时态（一般过去时、现在完成时）、语态（被动语态）、非谓语动词（不定式、动名词）等核心语法点，制作“语法思维导图”（如“时态体系”“非谓语动词用法”）。 词汇积累：背诵“语法填空高频词汇”（如环保主题中的“recycle”“pollution”，科技主题中的“AI”“algorithm”），关注“熟词僻义”（如“book”作“预订”，“light”作“轻的”），通过语境记忆（如“Book your ticket”“Light rain”）。 2. 语境训练：多做真题与模拟题​ 真题演练：做近5年徐州中考真题及模拟题（如），总结高频考点（如“look forward to”“give up”“because/so”），分析错题原因（如“词汇误解”“语法错误”）。 语境阅读：多阅读与中学生生活相关的短文（如“校园故事”“科技新闻”“传统文化”），增强语感，提高词汇在语境中的运用能力。 3. 技巧训练：定位与推断​ 定位训练：每天做1篇语法填空，练习“关键词定位”（如圈出题干中的“time”“place”，快速扫描原文），使用“略读+扫读”技巧（略读段首段尾，扫读关键词），避免逐字通读。 推断训练：做“逻辑推断题”（如“AI学习的优缺点”），学会从“显性信息”推导出“隐性逻辑”（如“AI helps teachers save time”→“AI可以提高教学效率”），避免过度推断（如“AI can replace teachers”）。 4. 文化积累：本土与国际视野​ 本土文化：关注“徐州非遗文化”（如剪纸、汉服、徐州琴书），积累相关词汇（如“paper-cutting”“Hanfu”“Xuzhou qinshu”），应对“文化传承”类语法填空。 国际视野：关注“全球性话题”（如环保、科技），积累相关词汇（如“carbon neutral（碳中和）”“AI（人工智能）”“recycled materials（回收材料）”），应对“国际交流”类语法填空。 六、总结​ 2026年江苏徐州中考英语语法填空将继续注重基础（语法、词汇）、强调思维（逻辑推理、语境理解）、联系生活（时代性与实用性）。考生需夯实语法与词汇基础，训练定位与推断技巧，通过真题演练熟悉命题规律，才能高效应对考试。建议考生关注徐州教育考试院的官方信息，及时调整复习策略，确保在语法填空中取得好成绩。 【基础题】 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 As we all know, English is an international language in the world. It is also the most widely used of all 1 languages. In China, English is a(n) 2 (importance) subject. But 3 can we study English well? Different people have different 4 (idea) on it. Now let’s have a look. Our teacher, Miss Wang 5 (think) reading English every day is very useful. She advises us to read easy English books every day. At the same time, we should choose the reading materials we are 6 (interest) in. But she asks us not 7 (look) up new words in the dictionary all the time. My classmate Fangfang thinks listening 8 English songs is a good way to study English words. She 9 (usual) writes down her favorite lyrics in her notebook and goes through them often. She thinks it is a very good way. It helps 10 (she) understand how words are put together. How do you like the ideas above? Would you like to have a try? 【答案】 1．the 2．important 3．how 4．ideas 5．thinks 6．interested 7．to look 8．to 9．usually 10．her 【难度】0.85 【知识点】说明文、学习策略 【导语】本文主要介绍了学习英语的不同方法，包括阅读英语书籍（王老师的建议）、听英文歌曲（同学芳芳的方法），并强调了选择感兴趣的材料和避免过度依赖词典的重要性。 1．句意：英语也是世界上使用最广泛的语言。根据“It is also the most widely used of all…languages”可知，此处指“所有语言中”，这里表示最高级范围，用定冠词“the”。故填the。 2．句意：在中国，英语是一门重要的学科。空格后是名词“subject”，需用形容词修饰，括号中给出的是名词importance，转换为形容词形式important。故填important。 3．句意：但我们如何学好英语呢？根据“…can we study English well?”可知，此处是疑问句，且表示方式，疑问词how表示方式。故填how。 4．句意：不同的人对此有不同的想法。根据“Different people have different…”可知，此处需用复数形式表示多种观点。故填ideas。 5．句意：我们的老师王老师认为每天读英语很有用。根据上下文时态可知是一般现在时，主语是“Miss Wang”，动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填thinks。 6．句意：同时，我们应选择我们感兴趣的阅读材料。此处是固定搭配be interested in，表示“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。 7．句意：但她要求我们不要总是查字典。根据“she asks us not…up new words”可知，此处是“ask sb. not to do sth.”结构，需填不定式否定形式。故填to look。 8．句意：我的同学芳芳认为，听英文歌曲是学习单词的好方法。根据“listening…English songs”可知，此处是固定搭配listen to，表示“听”。故填to。 9．句意：她通常将喜欢的歌词记在笔记本上，并且经常翻阅。空格后是动词，此处需要用副词修饰时动词“writes”。usual的副词形式是usually。故填usually。 10．句意：这帮助她理解单词如何组合。根据“It helps…understand”可知，动词“helps”后需用“she”的宾格形式her作宾语。故填her。 B 请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 You may have heard an old Chinese poem that says, “Reeds are green and white; Song Dew turns into frost.” (蒹葭苍苍，白露为霜) This poem—from The Book of Songs, a very ancient Chinese book, and it talks about White Dew comes the fifteenth solar term in the Chinese lunar calendar. White Dew usually arrives around September 7th. When it comes, hot summer days are 1 (go), and cool autumn starts to wrap the world. As the name tells us, we can often see dew 2 (roll) on grass and tree leaves in the morning. At night, the air gets cold, so the wet part in the air turns into small water drops. As the sun 3 (rise), these drops look white, which is why this term 4 (call) “White Dew”. During White Dew, there are many interesting customs. In northern China, farmers are busy 5 (harvest) crops like corn and rice. They also get ready to plant winter wheat, which is usually sown 10 to 15 days after White Dew. In southern places such as Fujian and Zhejiang, people love drinking “White Dew Tea.” This tea 6 (pick) at this time, and it smells 7 (nice) than tea from other seasons. Eating longan is another popular custom here—people think this sweet fruit can make their bodies stronger. White Dew also reminds us 8 (take) care of our health. As the temperature drops little by little, we need to wear more clothes in the morning and evening. Eating foods like pears and honey is good too, because they help keep our lungs moist. From the old poem to today’s life, White Dew is always 9 (consider) a special time. It shows how Chinese people 10 (watch) nature carefully and have lived with it in harmony for thousands of years. 【答案】 1．gone 2．rolling 3．rises 4．is called 5．harvesting 6．is picked 7．nicer 8．to take 9．considered 10．have watched 【难度】0.85 【知识点】中华文化 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国24节气中的白露，介绍了白露的时间、名字的来源、白露的习俗和白露的意义。 1．句意：当它到来时，炎热的夏天过去了，凉爽的秋天开始包裹世界。根据句意和提示词可知，此处要表达“过去”这一含义，应用go的过去分词gone。故填gone。 2．句意：正如名字告诉我们的，我们经常可以看到露水在早晨滚动在草和树叶上。根据句意和提示词可知，此处要表达“滚动”这一含义，又因为“see sb./sth. doing sth.看见某人/某物正在做某事”，所以，此处应填rolling。故填rolling。 3．句意：当太阳升起时，这些水滴看起来是白色的，这就是为什么这个时期被称为“白露”。根据句意和提示词可知，此处要表达“升起”这一含义，又因为本句表示客观事实，是一般现在时，主语“the sun”是第三人称单数，所以，谓语动词应填rises。故填rises。 4．句意：当太阳升起时，这些水滴看起来是白色的，这就是为什么这个时期被称为“白露”。根据句意和提示词可知，此处要表达“被称为”这一含义，且本句是表示客观事实的一般现在时，主语是this term，所以，谓语被动部分应是is called。故填is called。 5．句意：在中国北方，农民们正忙着收割玉米和大米等作物。根据句意和提示词可知，此处要表达“收割”这一含义，又因为be busy doing sth.忙于做某事，所以，此处应是harvesting。故填harvesting。 6．句意：这种茶是在这个时候采摘的，它的味道比其他季节的茶要好得多。根据句意和提示词可知，此处要表达“被采摘”这一含义，且本句是一般现在时，主语是this tea，所以，谓语被动部分应是is picked。故填is picked。 7．句意：这种茶是在这个时候采摘的，它的味道比其他季节的茶要好得多。根据句意和提示词可知，此处要表达“更好的”这一含义，又因为than，所以此处应用nice的比较级nicer。故填nicer。 8．句意：白露也提醒我们要注意健康。根据句意和提示词可知，remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事，固定短语，所以此处应是take的不定式。故填to take。 9．句意：从古诗到今天的生活，白露一直被认为是一个特殊的时期。根据句意和提示词可知，此处要表达“被认为这一含义，应用一般现在时的被动语态，所以，此处应用consider的过去分词。故填considered。 10．句意：它展示了中国人几千年来是如何观察自然，与自然和谐相处的。根据句意和提示词可知，此处要表达“观察”这一含义，又因为for thousands of years，所以用现在完成时，主语是Chinese people，所以，此处应用have watched。故填have watched。 【提升题】 A 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 This year is the 100th birthday of the Palace Museum in Beijing. The museum is inside the Forbidden City (紫禁城). But what is the Forbidden City? Let’s find out. The Forbidden City used to be 1 palace, which was built more than 600 years ago. The Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty ordered people to build it. More than one million 2 (worker) took part in the construction. They brought the best materials from all over China. They used special bricks (砖)，white marble, and fine wood. They spent 14 years 3 (finish) the construction work. When it was done, the emperor moved the capital to Beijing. The palace was very big. It had nearly 1,000 buildings and over 8,700 rooms. Imagine how 4 (difficulty) it was to clean all those rooms! Of course, the emperor had many servants to help 5 (he) do the cleaning. Around the palace there was a tall wall 6 a wide river. Soldiers once kept watch from tall towers. The Forbidden City was not just a home of the emperors. In fact, it was also a symbol 7 the emperors’ power. The roofs were yellow, which was the color of emperors. The buildings all faced south, which is always 8 (consider) to be the holy (神圣的) direction in traditional Chinese culture. Numbers like five and nine were 9 (wide) used in the designs because they stood for power. Today, the Forbidden City still 10 (stand) at the center of Beijing. It is no longer the emperor’s home. It is now the Palace Museum, home to a large collection of traditional Chinese artworks. Every year, millions of people come to see the art pieces and take a look into the palace’s past. 【答案】 1．a 2．workers 3．finishing 4．difficult 5．him 6．and 7．of 8．considered 9．widely 10．stands 【难度】0.72 【知识点】中华文化、说明文、景点/建筑 【导语】本文介绍北京故宫（紫禁城）的历史背景、建造过程、建筑特点及其现代意义。 1．句意：紫禁城曾经是一座宫殿，建于600多年前。空格后是名词“palace”，为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一座宫殿”，需用不定冠词a修饰。 2．句意：超过一百万工人参与了建造。空格前“More than one million”后需接可数名词复数，表示“一百多万工人”，worker的复数形式是workers。 3．句意：他们花了14年时间完成建造工作。“spend time (in) doing sth.”是动词短语，意为“花费时间做某事”，后接动名词作宾语，finish的动名词形式是finishing。 4．句意：想象一下打扫所有那些房间有多难！空格前“how”后需接形容词构成感叹句或宾语从句，表示“多么困难”，difficulty的形容词形式是difficult。 5．句意：当然，皇帝有许多仆人来帮助他打扫。动词“help”后需接宾语，指代皇帝本人，需用人称代词宾格，he的宾格形式是him。 6．句意：宫殿周围有一堵高墙和一条宽阔的河流。“a tall wall”和“a wide river”是并列成分，需用并列连词and连接。 7．句意：事实上，它也是皇帝权力的象征。“a symbol of...”是介词短语，意为“……的象征”，表示所属关系。 8．句意：所有建筑都朝南，这在中国传统文化中一直被认为是神圣的方向。主语“which”指代前文事实，与动词“consider”之间是动宾关系，且句子描述一般事实，需用一般现在时的被动语态，故用considered。 9．句意：像五和九这样的数字被广泛用于设计中，因为它们代表权力。空格处修饰动词“used”，需用副词作状语，表示“广泛地”，wide的副词形式是widely。 10．句意：如今，紫禁城仍然矗立在北京的中心。句子描述客观事实，需用一般现在时；主语“the Forbidden City”是第三人称单数，stand的第三人称单数形式是stands。 B 根据下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 What’s life? It’s like a big bag. The bag is 1 (fill) with happiness and sadness, failure and success, and hope and despair (失望). Experience in life teaches us new lessons and makes us better people. With each passing day, we learn how 2 (deal) with problems in our everyday life. Love plays 3 main role in our life. Without love, a person could become terrible. In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones from whom we get much love and care. They tell us what’s correct and wrong, good and bad. But we seldom care about their words until we have 4 own kids. Happiness can bring us a peaceful mind. And sadness is 5 (main) caused by the death of a loved one, failure or despair. But all of these 6 (thing) will pass away some day. Failure is the mother of success. It shows us how difficult it may be if we want to succeed. You know no one is born with the 7 (able) to succeed. So, when you fail to do something, don’t feel upset but keep on working until you succeed. Remember, success brings us money, pride and self-respect. It’s important to keep a clear mind after 8 (achieve) success. Hope is what keeps life going. It comes from 9 (patient) and makes us dream. Nobody knows 10 or not tomorrow will be bright. So in order to enjoy a better tomorrow, the only choice is to work hard today. 【答案】 1．filled 2．to deal 3．a 4．our 5．mainly 6．things 7．ability 8．achieving 9．patience 10．whether 【难度】0.65 【知识点】哲理感悟、说明文 【导语】本文主要探讨了生活的多元构成以及面对生活中各种经历时应持有的态度，包括如何处理日常问题、爱的意义、面对悲伤与失败的心态、成功的真谛、希望的来源等，旨在启发读者积极面对生活，努力追求更好的未来。 1．句意：这个袋子装满了快乐与悲伤、失败与成功、希望与失望。根据“The bag is…(fill) with happiness and sadness…”可知，be filled with表示“充满”，fill的过去分词是filled。故填filled。 2．句意：随着时间的流逝，我们学会了如何处理日常生活中的问题。根据“how…(deal) with problems”可知，此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，deal的不定式是to deal。故填to deal。 3．句意：爱在我们的生活中扮演着主要角色。根据“Love plays…main role in our life.”可知，play a role in表示“在……中扮演角色”，main以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 4．句意：但我们很少在意他们的话，直到我们有了自己的孩子。根据“until we have…own kids”可知，此处表示“我们自己的孩子”，用形容词性物主代词our修饰kids。故填our。 5．句意：而悲伤主要是由所爱之人的死亡、失败或绝望引起的。根据“sadness is…(main) caused by…”可知，此处修饰动词caused，用副词mainly，表示“主要地”。故填mainly。 6．句意：但所有这些事情总有一天会过去。根据“all of these…(thing)”可知，these修饰可数名词复数，thing的复数是things。故填things。 7．句意：你知道没有人天生就有成功的能力。根据“the…(able) to succeed”可知，此处是the ability to do sth.，表示“做某事的能力”，able的名词形式是ability。故填ability。 8．句意：取得成功后保持清醒的头脑很重要。根据“after…(achieve) success”可知，after是介词，后接动名词，achieve的动名词是achieving。故填achieving。 9．句意：它来自耐心，让我们拥有梦想。根据“It comes from…(patient)”可知，from是介词，后接名词，patient的名词形式是patience，表示“耐心”。故填patience。 10．句意：没有人知道明天是否会光明。根据“Nobody knows…or not tomorrow will be bright.”可知，whether or not表示“是否”，是固定搭配。故填whether。 【拔高题】 A 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Next time you hold a book in your hands, stop and think. Like most other things in the modern world, it is the result of thousands of years of human invention. First, came the invention of writing, 1 (probable) about 5,500 years ago. With writing, people did not have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people that they never 2 (see) and share their knowledge with future generations. Later, the Greeks were well-known for their literature (文学) and science, but their “books” looked very different 3 the books of today. They were called scrolls (卷轴). They were difficult to use and took a lot of space in a library. About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages 4 (invent). For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal skin. That changed in 5 thirteenth century, when Europeans learned about a very 6 (use) Chinese invention: paper. But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439, when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. 7 that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. Many more people could afford the books that were produced on a printing press. These days it is difficult 8 (imagine) a world without books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more 9 (story) are bought as e-books and read on a screen. Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future, 10 will books, like scrolls, soon disappear? 【答案】 1．probably 2．saw 3．from/to 4．were invented 5．the 6．useful 7．Before 8．to imagine 9．stories 10．or 【难度】0.4 【知识点】发明与创造、科普知识 【导语】本文讲述了书的由来和发展历史。 1．句意：首先，文本的发明，大约在5500年以前。根据“came the invention of writing, ... about 5, 500 years ago”可知，此处应用副词probably“大概”作状语，故填probably。 2．句意：他们能够与他们从未见过的人交流，并与子孙后代们分享他们的知识。根据“They could communicate with people that they never ...”可知，从句时态用一般过去时，动词see应用过去式，故填saw。 3．句意：后来，希腊人因他们的文学和科学而闻名，但是他们的“书籍”和现在的书籍大不相同。different from/to“与……不同”，固定短语，故填from/to。 4．句意：大约2000之前，有很多书页的书被发明了。分析句子可知，books和invent之间构成被动关系，时态为一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were done”；books为复数，be动词用were，故填were invented。 5．句意：这种情况在13世纪发生了变化，当时欧洲人知道了一项非常有用的中国发明：纸。根据“in ... thirteenth century”可知，序数词前面要用定冠词the，故填the。 6．句意：这种情况在13世纪发生了变化，当时欧洲人知道了一项非常有用的中国发明：纸。此处应用形容词useful“有用的”修饰名词invention，故填useful。 7．句意：在此之前，欧洲的书都是手工抄写的，所以非常昂贵。根据“books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive”可知，印刷机发明之前书是非常昂贵的，介词before“在……之前”符合语境，句首首字母大写，故填Before。 8．句意：现在很难想象一个没有书的世界。此处是“It is+形容词+to do sth.”结构，表示“做某事是……的”，故填to imagine。 9．句意：每年都有更多的故事以电子书的形式被购买，并在屏幕上阅读。根据“are”可知，此处应用可数名词复数作主语，故填stories。 10．句意：将来会有人翻开传统书籍吗？还是说，像卷轴一样的书籍很快就会消失？空格处是连接两个句子，而且前后两句话表示的是两种假设，应用or“或者”表示两者择其一，故填or。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Naming a child is 1 important event in any culture. In China, names are chosen with much care, because people think a name 2 a great influence on a person’s life. In China, parents always choose names that can stand for their 3 (hope) for their children. Besides, general names (辈分排字) are also common. For example, all the boys in a family may share the name “Ming”, which means “bright”. There are also certain naming taboos (禁忌). For example, choosing a name that sounds similar 4 a bad meaning is unlucky. Similarly, it is not proper to name a child after a living family member, as it is believed to bring bad 5 (luck). But now many parents choose names that based on their personal preferences rather 6 traditional naming customs. 7 , things are totally different in foreign culture. In English names, as you know, the last name is a family name. And the first name 8 (call) the given name. There aren’t many rules for foreigners to name. Some football fans usually name their children after their favorite players. But Chinese people 9 (hard) do that. Although names have different 10 (mean) in different cultures, parents’ love for their children is the same in any culture. 【答案】 1．an 2．has 3．hopes 4．to 5．luck 6．than 7．However 8．is called 9．hardly 10．meanings 【难度】0.4 【知识点】文化差异 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国和外国的取名习惯。 1．句意：给孩子起名在任何文化中都是一件重要的事情。根据“important event”可知，此处泛指一件重要的事情，important以元音音素开头，要用不定冠词an。故填an。 2．句意：在中国，名字的选择是非常小心的，因为人们认为名字对一个人的生活有很大的影响。根据“because people think a name...a great influence on a person’s life.”可知，本题考查have an influence on sth“对某物有影响”，本句时态为一般现在时，主语为a name，动词要用三单。故填has。 3．句意：在中国，父母总是选择能代表他们对孩子的期望的名字。根据“In China, parents always choose names that can stand for their...”可知，名字表达了父母对孩子的期望，要用复数形式表示泛指。故填hopes。 4．句意：例如，选择一个听起来与不好的意思相似的名字是不吉利的。根据“similar”可知，本题考查be similar to“与……相似”。故填to。 5．句意：同样，用在世的家庭成员的名字给孩子取名也是不合适的，因为这被认为会带来厄运。根据“bring bad...”可知，此处指厄运，luck“运气”，不可数名词。故填luck。 6．句意：但现在许多父母根据自己的个人喜好而不是传统的命名习俗来选择名字。本题考查rather than“而不是”。故填than。 7．句意：然而，在外国文化中，情况完全不同。根据“things are totally different in foreign culture.”可知，此处表示转折，空后有逗号隔开，要用however“然而”。故填However。 8．句意：名字就叫作given name (名)。本句时态为一般现在时，主语“the first name”是动作call的承受者，要用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is called。 9．句意：但中国人几乎不这么做。根据“...do that.”可知，此处应用副词hardly“几乎不”修饰动词。故填hardly。 10．句意：虽然名字在不同的文化中有不同的含义，但父母对孩子的爱在任何文化中都是一样的。根据“Although names have different...”可知，此处指名字的含义，要用名词meaning“意思”的复数形式。故填meanings。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 焦点07 词汇运用之语法填空 备战2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训 【题型解析】 一、2026年徐州中考英语语法填空的核心定位​ 语法填空是江苏徐州中考英语的重要题型，以“短文填空”为载体，要求根据上下文语境填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式，考查语法综合运用能力与语篇理解能力。其核心考查方向可概括为：基础语法（时态、语态、非谓语动词、词性转换）、逻辑衔接（介词、连词、代词）、语境适配（固定搭配、语义连贯）。 二、2026年徐州中考语法填空的重难点分析​ 结合2025年徐州中考真题（）及2026年模拟题（），语法填空的难点主要集中在以下三个维度： 1. 语法基础：时态、语态与非谓语动词的语境应用​ 时态判断：需根据上下文时间线索（如“yesterday”“last week”“since 2020”）选择正确时态，如一般过去时、现在完成时、过去进行时等。例如2025年徐州中考真题中，“Last Wednesday night, a young lady was attacked”提示需用一般过去时（）。 语态识别：需判断主语与动词的关系（主动/被动），如“her ring was given to him”（被动语态）需填入“give”的过去分词“given”（）。 非谓语动词：需区分不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）和分词（done）的用法，如“couldn’t wait to run”（不定式表目的）需填入“to run”（）。 2. 词形转换：词性变化与语义适配​ 名词单复数：需根据修饰词（如“many”“several”）或上下文判断，如“many kinds of books”需填入“kinds”（）。 形容词/副词转换：需根据句子成分（定语/状语）调整，如“very friendly”需填入“friendly”（形容词修饰名词），“eat regularly”需填入“regularly”（副词修饰动词）（）。 代词/冠词：需根据指代对象（如“her”“their”）或特指/泛指（如“the park”“a library”）选择，如“their library”需填入“their”（形容词性物主代词）（）。 3. 逻辑衔接：介词、连词与固定搭配​ 介词搭配：需掌握高频固定搭配，如“prepare for”“get together to do”“communicate with”等，如“prepare for the trip”需填入“for”（）。 连词逻辑：需识别句子间关系（因果、转折、并列），如“because”（因为）、“but”（但是）、“and”（和）等，如“she couldn’t return the money, so he made her give her ring”需填入“so”（因果）（）。 固定句型：需熟悉“it’s important to do”“too...to do”等句型，如“it’s important to keep healthy”需填入“to keep”（）。 三、2026年徐州中考语法填空的解题步骤​ 结合徐州中考命题特点，推荐“四步解题法”，聚焦“语境理解+语法匹配”： 1. 第一步：通读全文，把握语境​ 操作：快速浏览短文，了解主题（如“校园生活”“环保”“传统文化”）与情感基调（如“励志”“温暖”），标记时间线索（如“yesterday”“last week”）与逻辑信号词（如“but”“so”）。 示例：2025年徐州中考真题中，“Last Wednesday night, a young lady was attacked”提示主题为“街头袭击事件”，时间为“过去”，需使用一般过去时（）。 2. 第二步：分析空格，确定词性​ 语法匹配：根据句子结构判断空缺处的词性（名词、动词、形容词、副词）及语法形式（时态、语态、非谓语动词）。例如： 空缺处前为“to”，需填入动词原形（如“want to do”）； 空缺处后为“by”，需填入过去分词（被动语态，如“be done by”）； 空缺处前为“look forward to”，需填入动名词（如“doing”）。 示例：2025年徐州中考真题中，“couldn’t wait (run)”需填入“to run”（不定式表目的）（）。 3. 第三步：代入选项，排除干扰​ 优先排除：排除语法错误的选项（如主谓不一致、时态不符）、搭配错误的选项（如“look forward to do”）、语义不符的选项（如“affect”与“effect”混淆）。 次选逻辑：若剩余选项均语法正确，需结合语境选择最符合逻辑的选项（如“though”与“through”的区分）。 示例：2025年徐州中考真题中，“He put it into his wallet and went home happily”需填入“went”（一般过去时），排除“go”（一般现在时）（）。 4. 第四步：复核查验，确保连贯​ 操作：将所选词汇代入原文，检查语法是否正确（如时态、人称代词指代明确）、语义是否通顺（如“街头袭击事件”的逻辑连贯）、拼写是否无误（如“friendly”“regularly”）。 示例：2025年徐州中考真题中，代入“to run”“gave”“left”等词后，全文逻辑连贯：“Dylan Terry came to the West End Children Home. We couldn’t wait to run to the door to welcome him. He gave us a big cake. He left his wallet at the bus stop.”（）。 四、2026年徐州中考语法填空的预测分析​ 结合2025年徐州中考命题趋势（）及2026年模拟题（），2026年语法填空的命题将继续紧扣核心素养，注重语境化与时代性，具体预测如下： 1. 命题趋势：更贴近生活，更注重思维能力​ 话题时代性：融入更多社会热点（如环保、科技、传统文化），例如“徐州垃圾分类新政策”“AI学习助手的使用”“徐州汉文化的传承”（如汉服、剪纸）。 能力考查深化：减少单纯记忆性题目，增加对“语境推理”“词汇精准运用”的考查，例如通过“人工智能”“绿色能源”等话题，考查考生对“algorithm（算法）”“recycle（回收）”等词汇的理解。 跨学科融合：可能结合物理（新能源）、心理健康（焦虑应对）等学科知识，例如“太阳能板的工作原理”“如何应对考试压力”，考查信息整合能力。 2. 考点预测：重点考查以下内容​ 语法：时态（一般过去时、现在完成时）、语态（被动语态）、非谓语动词（不定式、动名词）、词性转换（名词单复数、形容词/副词）。 逻辑：介词（固定搭配）、连词（因果、转折）、代词（指代对象）。 语境：固定句型（如“it’s important to do”）、语义连贯（如“街头袭击事件”的逻辑链）。 3. 题型创新：可能增加图表或文化元素​ 图表题：可能结合流程图（如“垃圾分类步骤”）、统计图（如“青少年上网时间调查”），考查考生对图表信息的理解与语言转换能力。 文化元素：融入徐州本土文化（如汉文化、非遗项目），例如“汉服”“剪纸”等词汇可能出现在语法填空中，考查考生对本土文化的理解与语言运用能力。 五、2026年徐州中考语法填空的备考建议​ 针对上述重难点与预测，考生可采取以下针对性策略： 1. 夯实基础：语法与词汇体系梳理​ 语法梳理：重点复习时态（一般过去时、现在完成时）、语态（被动语态）、非谓语动词（不定式、动名词）等核心语法点，制作“语法思维导图”（如“时态体系”“非谓语动词用法”）。 词汇积累：背诵“语法填空高频词汇”（如环保主题中的“recycle”“pollution”，科技主题中的“AI”“algorithm”），关注“熟词僻义”（如“book”作“预订”，“light”作“轻的”），通过语境记忆（如“Book your ticket”“Light rain”）。 2. 语境训练：多做真题与模拟题​ 真题演练：做近5年徐州中考真题及模拟题（如），总结高频考点（如“look forward to”“give up”“because/so”），分析错题原因（如“词汇误解”“语法错误”）。 语境阅读：多阅读与中学生生活相关的短文（如“校园故事”“科技新闻”“传统文化”），增强语感，提高词汇在语境中的运用能力。 3. 技巧训练：定位与推断​ 定位训练：每天做1篇语法填空，练习“关键词定位”（如圈出题干中的“time”“place”，快速扫描原文），使用“略读+扫读”技巧（略读段首段尾，扫读关键词），避免逐字通读。 推断训练：做“逻辑推断题”（如“AI学习的优缺点”），学会从“显性信息”推导出“隐性逻辑”（如“AI helps teachers save time”→“AI可以提高教学效率”），避免过度推断（如“AI can replace teachers”）。 4. 文化积累：本土与国际视野​ 本土文化：关注“徐州非遗文化”（如剪纸、汉服、徐州琴书），积累相关词汇（如“paper-cutting”“Hanfu”“Xuzhou qinshu”），应对“文化传承”类语法填空。 国际视野：关注“全球性话题”（如环保、科技），积累相关词汇（如“carbon neutral（碳中和）”“AI（人工智能）”“recycled materials（回收材料）”），应对“国际交流”类语法填空。 六、总结​ 2026年江苏徐州中考英语语法填空将继续注重基础（语法、词汇）、强调思维（逻辑推理、语境理解）、联系生活（时代性与实用性）。考生需夯实语法与词汇基础，训练定位与推断技巧，通过真题演练熟悉命题规律，才能高效应对考试。建议考生关注徐州教育考试院的官方信息，及时调整复习策略，确保在语法填空中取得好成绩。 【基础题】 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 As we all know, English is an international language in the world. It is also the most widely used of all 1 languages. In China, English is a(n) 2 (importance) subject. But 3 can we study English well? Different people have different 4 (idea) on it. Now let’s have a look. Our teacher, Miss Wang 5 (think) reading English every day is very useful. She advises us to read easy English books every day. At the same time, we should choose the reading materials we are 6 (interest) in. But she asks us not 7 (look) up new words in the dictionary all the time. My classmate Fangfang thinks listening 8 English songs is a good way to study English words. She 9 (usual) writes down her favorite lyrics in her notebook and goes through them often. She thinks it is a very good way. It helps 10 (she) understand how words are put together. How do you like the ideas above? Would you like to have a try? B 请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 You may have heard an old Chinese poem that says, “Reeds are green and white; Song Dew turns into frost.” (蒹葭苍苍，白露为霜) This poem—from The Book of Songs, a very ancient Chinese book, and it talks about White Dew comes the fifteenth solar term in the Chinese lunar calendar. White Dew usually arrives around September 7th. When it comes, hot summer days are 1 (go), and cool autumn starts to wrap the world. As the name tells us, we can often see dew 2 (roll) on grass and tree leaves in the morning. At night, the air gets cold, so the wet part in the air turns into small water drops. As the sun 3 (rise), these drops look white, which is why this term 4 (call) “White Dew”. During White Dew, there are many interesting customs. In northern China, farmers are busy 5 (harvest) crops like corn and rice. They also get ready to plant winter wheat, which is usually sown 10 to 15 days after White Dew. In southern places such as Fujian and Zhejiang, people love drinking “White Dew Tea.” This tea 6 (pick) at this time, and it smells 7 (nice) than tea from other seasons. Eating longan is another popular custom here—people think this sweet fruit can make their bodies stronger. White Dew also reminds us 8 (take) care of our health. As the temperature drops little by little, we need to wear more clothes in the morning and evening. Eating foods like pears and honey is good too, because they help keep our lungs moist. From the old poem to today’s life, White Dew is always 9 (consider) a special time. It shows how Chinese people 10 (watch) nature carefully and have lived with it in harmony for thousands of years. 【提升题】 A 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 This year is the 100th birthday of the Palace Museum in Beijing. The museum is inside the Forbidden City (紫禁城). But what is the Forbidden City? Let’s find out. The Forbidden City used to be 1 palace, which was built more than 600 years ago. The Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty ordered people to build it. More than one million 2 (worker) took part in the construction. They brought the best materials from all over China. They used special bricks (砖)，white marble, and fine wood. They spent 14 years 3 (finish) the construction work. When it was done, the emperor moved the capital to Beijing. The palace was very big. It had nearly 1,000 buildings and over 8,700 rooms. Imagine how 4 (difficulty) it was to clean all those rooms! Of course, the emperor had many servants to help 5 (he) do the cleaning. Around the palace there was a tall wall 6 a wide river. Soldiers once kept watch from tall towers. The Forbidden City was not just a home of the emperors. In fact, it was also a symbol 7 the emperors’ power. The roofs were yellow, which was the color of emperors. The buildings all faced south, which is always 8 (consider) to be the holy (神圣的) direction in traditional Chinese culture. Numbers like five and nine were 9 (wide) used in the designs because they stood for power. Today, the Forbidden City still 10 (stand) at the center of Beijing. It is no longer the emperor’s home. It is now the Palace Museum, home to a large collection of traditional Chinese artworks. Every year, millions of people come to see the art pieces and take a look into the palace’s past. B 根据下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 What’s life? It’s like a big bag. The bag is 1 (fill) with happiness and sadness, failure and success, and hope and despair (失望). Experience in life teaches us new lessons and makes us better people. With each passing day, we learn how 2 (deal) with problems in our everyday life. Love plays 3 main role in our life. Without love, a person could become terrible. In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones from whom we get much love and care. They tell us what’s correct and wrong, good and bad. But we seldom care about their words until we have 4 own kids. Happiness can bring us a peaceful mind. And sadness is 5 (main) caused by the death of a loved one, failure or despair. But all of these 6 (thing) will pass away some day. Failure is the mother of success. It shows us how difficult it may be if we want to succeed. You know no one is born with the 7 (able) to succeed. So, when you fail to do something, don’t feel upset but keep on working until you succeed. Remember, success brings us money, pride and self-respect. It’s important to keep a clear mind after 8 (achieve) success. Hope is what keeps life going. It comes from 9 (patient) and makes us dream. Nobody knows 10 or not tomorrow will be bright. So in order to enjoy a better tomorrow, the only choice is to work hard today. 【拔高题】 A 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式填空。 Next time you hold a book in your hands, stop and think. Like most other things in the modern world, it is the result of thousands of years of human invention. First, came the invention of writing, 1 (probable) about 5,500 years ago. With writing, people did not have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people that they never 2 (see) and share their knowledge with future generations. Later, the Greeks were well-known for their literature (文学) and science, but their “books” looked very different 3 the books of today. They were called scrolls (卷轴). They were difficult to use and took a lot of space in a library. About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages 4 (invent). For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal skin. That changed in 5 thirteenth century, when Europeans learned about a very 6 (use) Chinese invention: paper. But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439, when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. 7 that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. Many more people could afford the books that were produced on a printing press. These days it is difficult 8 (imagine) a world without books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more 9 (story) are bought as e-books and read on a screen. Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future, 10 will books, like scrolls, soon disappear? B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Naming a child is 1 important event in any culture. In China, names are chosen with much care, because people think a name 2 a great influence on a person’s life. In China, parents always choose names that can stand for their 3 (hope) for their children. Besides, general names (辈分排字) are also common. For example, all the boys in a family may share the name “Ming”, which means “bright”. There are also certain naming taboos (禁忌). For example, choosing a name that sounds similar 4 a bad meaning is unlucky. Similarly, it is not proper to name a child after a living family member, as it is believed to bring bad 5 (luck). But now many parents choose names that based on their personal preferences rather 6 traditional naming customs. 7 , things are totally different in foreign culture. In English names, as you know, the last name is a family name. And the first name 8 (call) the given name. There aren’t many rules for foreigners to name. Some football fans usually name their children after their favorite players. But Chinese people 9 (hard) do that. Although names have different 10 (mean) in different cultures, parents’ love for their children is the same in any culture. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $