专题13 八下Modules 7-10（复习讲义）（外研版教材梳理）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题13 八下Modules7－10（复习讲义）（外研版教材梳理） 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·思维导图·网络构建 2 03·考点通关·靶向突破 3 考点1 重点词汇 3 考点2 易混词辨析 7 考点3 重点句型 9 考点4 重点语法 11 04·优题精选·练能提分 12 考点 课标要求 复习目标 重点单词 · 掌握重点词汇： · 名词：list, shorts, trousers, sunglasses, homestay, total, weight, passport, culture, progress, guest, form, friendship, sights, waste, square, kilometre, shape, path, rock, top, stream, plant, sightseeing, view, holiday, silence, treasure, circle, stick, glue, suggestion, director, background, presenter, interview, listener, article, studio, purpos · 动词：list, weigh, last, depend, provide, prefer, fill, wake, pull, separate, explain, mention, refuse, treat, regret, encourage, introduce, pass, trust, include, show, avoid, interview · 形容词：crazy, total, daily, thirsty, freshwater, clear, traditional, separate, lonely, patient, bright, national, international, part-time 1.重点词汇会写会用 2. 易混词会在不同语境中熟练应用 3. 熟练运用并列复合句 4. 熟练运用宾语从句 易混词辨析 · 掌握voice/noise/sound；borrow/lend；say/speak/talk/tell；forget to do sth/forget doing sth；so…that…/such…that…；above/over/on；regret to do sth/regret doing sth；hope/wish等易混词辨析 重点句型 · 掌握打电话用语 · 掌握日常出行对话 · 掌握指路、引导方向的礼貌用语 · 掌握 祈使句 + and + 一般将来时 重点语法 · 掌握并列复合句 · 掌握宾语从句 命题预测 单项选择侧重易混词辨析、祈使句 + and + 将来时结构、并列复合句与宾语从句引导词；完形填空侧重名词、动词、形容词在语境中的运用，结合易混词与时态考查；语法填空考查词汇变形、宾语从句连接词及句型补全；情景交际重点考查打电话、日常出行、指路引导等实用表达；句型转换围绕并列复合句、宾语从句和固定句型改写；选词填空侧重易混词、固定搭配及形容词语境运用，整体检测词汇、句型、宾语从句与并列句的综合运用能力。 考点1 重点词汇 1. course 【教材原句】Do an English course for about four weeks. 【主要用法】作名词，意为课程、进程、路线；常用搭配a course of表示一门……课程，in the course of表示在……过程中；作动词时为不及物动词，意为快速流动，无常用固定搭配。 【例句】She takes a course in French every weekend.她每周末上法语课。 There is a course of training for new workers.有一场针对新员工的培训课程。 2. group 【教材原句】They are going in a group of about 20. 【主要用法】作名词，意为群、组、团体，可与of连用构成a group of一群/一组；作动词时为及物动词，意为把……分组，常用搭配work in groups表示分组学习，group into表示分成小组。 【例句】A group of children are playing games near the river.一群孩子在河边玩游戏。 We group into small teams to discuss questions in class.我们在课上分成小组讨论问题。 3. photo 【教材原句】Please write to me and send me some photos! 【主要用法】作名词，意为照片、相片；常用固定搭配take a photo表示拍照片，take photos表示拍照，a photo of表示一张……的照片；无动词词性用法，日常使用中多作名词。 【例句】He takes many photos when he visits different places.他游览各地时会拍很多照片。 This is a photo of my family.这是一张我的全家福。 4. send 【教材原句】Please write to me and send me some photos! 【主要用法】作及物动词，意为发送、寄、派遣；后可接双宾语，固定搭配send sb sth = send sth to sb表示把某物寄/发送给某人，send for表示派人去请，无直接接动名词或不定式的固定用法。 【例句】I send a message to my friend every day.我每天给朋友发消息。 She sent a box of fruit to her grandparents yesterday.她昨天给祖父母寄了一箱水果。 5. prepare 【教材原句】I'm making a list of things for my trip. 【主要用法】作及物动词，意为准备、筹备；后可接名词、代词作宾语，固定搭配prepare sth表示准备某物，prepare for sth表示为某事做准备，prepare to do sth表示准备做某事；无不及物动词常用用法。 【例句】We prepare dinner for the family every evening.我们每天晚上为家人做晚饭。 They prepare to take the exam next week.他们准备下周参加考试。 6. problem 【教材原句】I have a problem with my best friend. 【主要用法】作名词，意为问题、难题、困难；常用搭配have a problem with表示在……方面有问题，solve a problem表示解决问题，math problem表示数学题；无动词词性用法，核心作名词使用。 【例句】This problem is too hard for me to work out.这道题太难了，我做不出来。 We need to find ways to solve these small problems.我们需要想办法解决这些小问题。 7. friend 【教材原句】I have a problem with my best friend. 【主要用法】作名词，意为朋友、友人；常用搭配best friend表示最好的朋友，make friends表示交朋友，a friend of表示我的一个朋友；无动词词性用法，日常使用中主要作名词，表人与人之间的关系。 【例句】My best friend always supports me when I am upset.我难过的时候，最好的朋友总会支持我。 It’s happy to make friends with kind people.和善良的人交朋友很开心。 8. advise 【教材原句】I can introduce you to her. 【主要用法】作及物动词，意为建议、劝告；后可接sb to do sth或doing sth作宾语，固定搭配advise sb to do sth表示建议某人做某事，advise doing sth表示建议做某事；无不及物动词用法，不可直接接不定式作宾语。 【例句】The doctor advises us to exercise every day.医生建议我们每天锻炼。 I advise going out for a walk after supper.我建议晚饭后出去散步。 9. interview 【教材原句】We'll do interviews with sports stars. 【主要用法】作名词，意为采访、面试；常用搭配have an interview表示面试/采访，job interview表示求职面试；作动词时为及物动词，意为采访、面试，后直接接sb作宾语，无复杂宾语限制。 【例句】She will have an interview for the job tomorrow.她明天要参加这份工作的面试。 The reporter will interview the famous writer tomorrow.记者明天要采访这位著名作家。 10. famous 【教材原句】The park is famous for its lake and the hills. 【主要用法】作形容词，意为著名的、出名的；无动词词性用法，常用固定搭配be famous for表示因……而著名，be famous as表示作为……而著名；在句中作表语或定语，修饰人或事物。 【例句】The city is famous for its delicious food.这座城市因美食而闻名。 He is famous as a good teacher.他是一位有名的好老师。 11. introduce 【教材原句】I can introduce you to her. 【主要用法】作及物动词，意为介绍、引进；后可接名词、代词作宾语，固定搭配introduce A to B表示把A介绍给B，introduce oneself表示自我介绍；不可直接接不定式作宾语，无不及物动词常用搭配。 【例句】Let me introduce my sister to you.让我把我的妹妹介绍给你。 He introduced himself to the whole class.他向全班做了自我介绍。 12. trust 【教材原句】The smile made me feel something good. 【主要用法】作及物动词，意为信任、信赖、托付；后可接sb或sb to do sth作宾语，固定搭配trust sb表示信任某人，trust sb to do sth表示相信某人做某事，trust sb with sth表示把某事托付给某人；无不及物动词常用用法。 【例句】We all trust our monitor to do the right thing.我们都相信班长会做正确的事。 I trust my best friend with all my secrets.我向我最好的朋友吐露我所有的秘密。 1．（25-26九年级上·福建厦门·月考）Sally is going to take an online ________ to improve her French next month. A．course B．address C．postcard 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Sally下个月要参加一个在线课程来提高她的法语水平。 考查名词辨析。course课程；address地址；postcard明信片。根据“to improve her French”可知，提高法语水平应该参加在线课程。故选A。 2．（2025·福建宁德·二模）Here is a ________ of my family. We took it last week. A．drawing B．poster C．photo 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是我的全家福。我们上周拍的。 考查名词辨析。drawing画画；poster海报；photo照片。根据“We took it last week.”可知，拍摄的全家照，故选C。 3．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—Shall we go hiking this weekend? —I’d like to, but I’m too busy ________ the English speaking competition. A．to prepare for B．preparing for C．prepare for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这个周末我们去远足怎么样？——我很想，但我正忙于准备英语演讲比赛。 考查非谓语动词。根据“but I’m too busy ... the English speaking competition.”可知，此处是be busy doing sth“忙于做某事”，空处用动名词。故选B。 4．（2025·上海松江·二模）My dad advises me ________ to the news report every evening. A．listen B．to listen C．listening D．listened 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我爸爸建议我每天晚上听新闻报道。 考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，这里考查的是固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.，意为“建议某人做某事”，其中to do sth.是动词不定式作宾语补足语。因此，这里应该用动词不定式to listen。故选B。 5．（2025·安徽淮北·三模）—Did you see the book The Remarkable Chinese Famous Paintings? —Sure. The book ________ China’s rich history and culture to people around the world. A．protects B．introduces C．compares D．discovers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你看过《The Remarkable Chinese Famous Paintings》这本书吗？——当然。这本书向世界各地的人们介绍中国丰富的历史文化。 考查动词辨析。protects保护；introduces介绍；compares比较；discovers发现。根据“China’s rich history and culture to people around the world.”可知，描述的是书本介绍的内容。故选B。 考点2 易混词辨析 1. voice, noise, sound 【易混淆辨析】voice 专指人发出的声音，如嗓音、说话声、歌声，用于人；noise 指刺耳、令人烦躁的噪音、吵闹声，含贬义；sound 为通用词，泛指自然界一切声音，无感情色彩，可指人、动物、物体等发出的任何声响。 【例句】She has a beautiful voice. 她有一副美妙的嗓音。 There is too much noise outside. 外面噪音太大了。 Sound travels more slowly than light. 声音比光传播得慢。 2. borrow, lend 【易混淆辨析】borrow 表示“借入”，主语从别人那里拿到东西；lend 表示“借出”，主语把东西给别人，两者动作方向完全相反，搭配介词不同。 Can I borrow your bike? 我能借你的自行车用一下吗？ He lent his dictionary to me. 他把字典借给了我。 3. say, speak, talk, tell 【易混淆辨析】say 强调说话的内容，后常接引语或宾语；speak 侧重说话的动作，后常接语言名称；talk 指双方“交谈、谈论”，常用搭配 talk with/to sb；tell 意为“告诉、讲述”，后常接双宾语或故事、真相等。 【例句】He says nothing about the plan. 他对这个计划只字未提。 She can speak Chinese well. 她汉语说得很好。 They are talking about the movie. 他们正在谈论那部电影。 Please tell me your address. 请告诉我你的地址。 4. forget to do sth, forget doing sth 【易混淆辨析】forget to do sth 表示“忘记去做某事”，动作尚未发生；forget doing sth 表示“忘记做过某事”，动作已经完成，两者核心区别在于动作是否发生。 【例句】I forgot to do my homework. 我忘记写作业了。 He forgot turning off the light. 他忘记已经关过灯了。 5. so…that…, such…that… 【易混淆辨析】so…that… 结构中 so 后接形容词或副词；such…that… 结构中 such 后接名词短语，二者均表“如此……以至于……”，但修饰成分不同。 【例句】She is so clever that everyone likes her. 她如此聪明，所有人都喜欢她。 【例句】It is such a fine day that we go out to play. 天气这么好，我们出去玩。 6. above, over, on 【易混淆辨析】above 指在……上方，不强调正上方，无接触；over 指在……正上方，垂直上方，无接触；on 指在……上面，表面接触，三者位置关系和接触情况不同。 【例句】The kite is flying above the hill. 风筝在山上方飞。 There is a lamp over the table. 桌子正上方有一盏灯。 There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有一幅画。 7. regret to do sth, regret doing sth 【易混淆辨析】regret to do sth 表示“遗憾要做某事”，通常用于通知坏消息，动作未做；regret doing sth 表示“后悔做过某事”，对已发生的动作感到后悔。 【例句】I regret to tell you the bad news. 我很遗憾地告诉你这个坏消息。 【例句】She regrets arguing with her mother. 她后悔和妈妈吵架了。 8. hope, wish 【易混淆辨析】hope 多指可以实现的愿望，后接不定式或从句，不接 hope sb to do；wish 多指难以实现的愿望，后可接从句、不定式或 wish sb to do，语气更委婉且常表虚拟。 【例句】I hope to pass the exam. 我希望通过考试。 【例句】I wish I could fly. 我希望我能飞。 1．（2025·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）—Can I_______ your book. Alice? —Sorry, I’ve _______ it to Tom. A．borrow, lent B．borrow, lend C．lend, borrowed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我能借你的书吗，爱丽丝？ ——抱歉，我把它借给汤姆了。 考查动词辨析。borrow借入；lend借出。根据“Can I”可知，第一空表示借入某物，即向他人借东西让自己使用；需用borrow；根据“it to Tom.”可知，第二空表示借出某物，即把某物借给他人使用，且I’ve为现在完成时，后需跟动词过去分词形式；lend为原形，lent为过去分词形式。故选A。 2．（2024·上海·模拟预测）Parents should ________ the fact that we all make mistakes sometimes with their children. A．talk about B．say C．speak D．tell 【答案】A 【详解】句意：父母应该和孩子谈论有时我们都会犯错的事实。 考查动词短语。talk about谈论，强调与他人交流某个事情或话题；say说，侧重说话的内容；speak讲，侧重说话的能力或说某种语言；tell告诉。根据“...the fact that we all make mistakes sometimes with their children”可知，此处是talk about sth. with sb.“与某人谈论某事”，指“谈论”我们都会犯错的现实情况。故选A。 3．（2025·北京·模拟预测）—Look! The light in the lab is still on. —Oh, I forgot ______ it off before leaving. A．to turn B．turning C．turn D．turned 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看！实验室的灯还亮着。——哦，我忘记在离开前关掉它了。 考查非谓语动词。forget to do sth. 表示“忘记做某事（事情未做）”，而forget doing sth. 表示“忘记做过某事（事情已做）”。此处表示“忘记关灯（未关）”，因此用动词不定式to turn。故选A。 4.（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）Peter regretted _______ a lie to his mother. A．telling B．told C．to tell D．tells 【答案】A 【详解】句意：彼得后悔对母亲撒了谎。 考查非谓语动词。regret doing sth表示“后悔做过某事”，事情已发生；regret to do sth表示“遗憾要做某事”，事情未发生。根据“regretted”可知，撒谎是已发生的行为，需用动名词形式的telling。故选A。 5．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）All the teachers think that he is _________ good storyteller _________ he will be a good writer in the future. A．so, that B．such a, that C．so a, that D．quite a, that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：所有老师都认为他是一个如此好的讲故事者以至于他将来会成为一个好作家。 考查结果状语从句。“such a/an + 形容词 + 名词 + that从句 / so + 形容词 + that从句”是固定用法，意为“如此……以至于……”，such...that引导结果状语从句。故选B。 考点3 重点句型 1. Who’s calling, please? 【重点句型】这是英语电话沟通中最标准、最礼貌的询问句式，专门用于在电话里礼貌询问对方是谁，是电话交际的核心用语。在考试和日常交流中，需要掌握电话用语的固定表达习惯，接电话时介绍自己要用 This is … speaking.，而不能用 I am …，语气正式、得体，适用于所有电话场景。 【例句】Who’s calling, please? This is Lucy speaking. 请问你是哪位？我是露西。 Who’s calling, please? This is my father speaking. 请问你是哪位？我是我爸爸。 2. Here we are. 【重点句型】这是出行、抵达场景的固定常用句型，结构简单、口语性强，专门用于明确告诉他人已经到达目的地，表达“我们到了”。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查在到达某处时能否正确使用该句进行告知，句型无复杂变化，语气自然亲切，是日常出行对话中的高频句子。 【例句】Look, here we are. We are at the bus stop now. 看，我们到了。我们现在在公交车站。 Here we are. This is my school. 我们到了。这是我的学校。 3. Wow! I can hardly believe it! 【重点句型】这是表达强烈惊讶、意外和难以置信的感叹句型，语气强烈、情绪饱满，专门用于对意外发生的事情产生震惊、惊喜等情绪。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查口语中表达惊讶情绪的固定句式，通常用于回应出乎意料的信息，要求能准确理解并运用这类表达情绪的句型。 【例句】Wow! I can hardly believe it! You got the first place. 哇！我简直不敢相信！你得了第一名。 Wow! I can hardly believe it! You are here today. 哇！我简直不敢相信！你今天来了。 4. Come on! 【重点句型】这是口语中使用最灵活、使用频率最高的感叹句之一，可根据语境表达催促、鼓励、不耐烦等不同含义。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查根据上下文判断其具体意思，属于语境理解类重点考点，要求能根据语气和场景判断句子的真实含义。 【例句】Come on! We don’t have much time. 快点！我们没有太多时间了。 Come on! You can do it well. 加油！你可以做好的。 5. Come this way. 【重点句型】这是指路、引导方向的礼貌用语，语气委婉、客气，专门用于为他人指引路线、带领方向。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查接待、指路场景中的礼貌表达，要求在引导他人时使用得体、自然的表达，是情景交际中常用的礼貌句型。 【例句】Come this way, please. I’ll show you the classroom. 这边请。我带你去教室。 Come this way. The library is over there. 这边请。图书馆在那边。 6. It gets crazy in here. 【重点句型】这是用于描述现场环境和气氛的常用句型，表达场所内气氛热烈、嘈杂、拥挤或情绪高涨，侧重对现场状态的客观描述。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查对场景氛围的描述能力，常用于聚会、活动、现场等语境，要求能准确表达现场的热闹或混乱状态。 【例句】The concert is so great. It gets crazy in here. 演唱会太棒了，这里变得很热闹。 When the game starts, it gets crazy in here. 当比赛开始时，这里的气氛变得很热烈。 7. That’s great news! 【重点句型】这是听到好消息时的标准回应句型，语气积极、兴奋、愉悦，专门用于对他人带来的好消息表达开心、赞同和祝福。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查听到喜讯时的正确反应表达，要求能快速、自然地回应好消息，传递积极情绪。 【例句】We can go on a trip. That’s great news! 我们可以去旅行了。真是个好消息！ He will come back. That’s great news! 他要回来了。真是个好消息！ 8. How can I help you? 【重点句型】这是主动向他人提供帮助的礼貌句式，语气亲切、热心、得体，专门用于主动询问对方是否需要帮助。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查服务场景和日常帮助中的礼貌表达，要求能在他人需要时主动提供帮助并使用正确句式。 【例句】You look worried. How can I help you? 你看起来很着急，我能帮你什么吗？ I see you are busy. How can I help you? 我看你很忙，我能帮你什么吗？ 9.  By the way … 【重点句型】这是口语中用于转换话题、补充信息、插入内容的过渡句型，语气自然、不生硬，专门用于在对话中临时补充内容或转移话题。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查语篇衔接能力，要求能在对话中自然过渡、补充信息，让交流更流畅。 【例句】By the way, what’s your phone number? 顺便问一下，你的电话号码是多少？ By the way, do you like English songs? 顺便问一下，你喜欢英文歌吗？ 10. 祈使句 + and + 一般将来时 【重点句型】是中考高频固定句型，结构为祈使句加and，再接一般将来时的句子，表示做某事就会产生某种结果，强调条件和结果的必然联系。 【例句】 Practice more, and you will be better at swimming. 多加练习，你就会更擅长游泳。 Keep trying, and you will succeed one day. 坚持尝试，总有一天你会成功。 1．（2025·黑龙江大庆·三模）—Hello, this is Tina speaking. Is that Sam? —Sorry, he isn’t here at the moment. ________? A．What are you saying to Tina B．Can I take a message C．May I speak to Sam D．Who’s that speaking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你好，我是Tina。你是Sam吗？——对不起，他现在不在，要我传话吗？ 考查情景交际。What are you saying to Tina? 你对Tina说什么？Can I take a message? 我能捎个口信吗？May I speak to Sam? 我可以和Sam通话吗？Who’s that speaking? 你是谁？根据“Hello, this is Tina speaking. Is that Sam?”及“Sorry, he isn’t here at the moment.”可知，应选择“我能捎个口信吗？”。故选B。 2．（2025·湖北武汉·模拟预测）—I can hardly believe it! Bert managed to solve the difficult problem within half an hour. —What a ________ boy! A．brave B．kind C．lazy D．clever 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我简直不敢相信！伯特在半小时内成功解出了这道难题。——多么聪明的一个男孩啊！。 考查形容词辨析。brave勇敢的；kind善良的；lazy懒惰的；clever聪明的。根据“I can hardly believe it! Bert managed to solve the difficult problem within half an hour.”可知，此处应是在称赞伯特很聪明才能在短时间内解决难题。故选D。 3．（2025·安徽安庆·模拟预测）—The competition is too hard for me. I will certainly lose. —________. You should never say no before you try. A．No way B．Forget it C．I’m sorry D．Come on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这场比赛对我来说太难了。我肯定会输的。——加油。在尝试之前永远不要说不。 考查情景交际。No way不行；Forget it算了；I’m sorry对不起；Come on加油。根据“You should never say no before you try.”可知，此处说话者在鼓励对方。故选D。 4．（25-26九年级上·上海闵行·月考）—How can I help you madam? —________. A．I need your help B．I’d like to buy a car C．Please leave me alone D．Thank you very much 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——女士，我能为您效劳吗？——我想买一辆车。 考查情景交际。I need your help我需要你的帮助；I’d like to buy a car我想买一辆车；Please leave me alone请别打扰我；Thank you very much非常感谢你。根据“How can I help you madam”可知，在服务人员主动询问需求时，需明确说出具体诉求。故选B。 5．（2026·吉林·模拟预测）—My aim is to go to Tsinghua University for further study. —Work hard, ________ you can make it. A．but B．and C．or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我的目标是去清华大学深造。——努力学习， 你就能实现它。 考查连词辨析。but但是；and并且；or或者。根据“Work hard…you can make it.”可知，努力学习， 就能实现梦想，此句应是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型，“努力学习”和“实现梦想”之间是顺承关系，应用and。故选B。 考点4 重点语法 一、并列复合句 【语法概述】 并列复合句是由两个或两个以上地位平等、相互独立的简单句，通过并列连词连接而成的句子。各分句之间不存在主从关系，分别表达完整的意思，逻辑关系清晰，是英语中最基础的复合句类型之一，常用于连接并列的动作、状态、结果、选择或转折等。 【用法】 并列复合句的核心是并列连词，根据逻辑关系可分为五大类，不同连词对应不同语义： 1. 表并列关系：and（和、并且），连接两个并列的动作、状态或内容； 2. 表转折关系：but（但是），yet（然而），连接意思相反或相对的内容； 3. 表选择关系：or（或者、否则），连接可供选择的内容，或表示“不做某事会产生后果”； 4. 表因果关系：so（所以），for（因为，补充说明原因），连接原因与结果； 5. 表递进关系：not only...but also...（不仅……而且……），加强语义层次。 【例句】 1. 并列关系：I like reading, and my sister likes drawing. 我喜欢阅读，我的妹妹喜欢画画。 2. 转折关系：He is young, but he knows a lot about history. 他很年轻，但是他懂很多历史知识。 3. 选择关系：Hurry up, or you will be late for school. 快点，否则你上学要迟到了。 4. 因果关系：It rained heavily, so we stayed at home all day. 雨下得很大，所以我们一整天都待在家里。 5. 递进关系：She not only sings well, but also dances beautifully. 她不仅唱歌好听，而且跳舞也很美。 二、宾语从句 【语法概述】 宾语从句是在复合句中充当主句谓语动词、介词或非谓语动词宾语的从句，整体作为句子的宾语成分。宾语从句必须使用陈述语序（主语+谓语），连接词、时态、语序是其核心考点，广泛应用于口语表达和书面写作中。 【用法】 1. 连接词分类（引导宾语从句的三类连接词） （1）从属连词：无词义，不充当成分，that常可省略；if/whether（是否），有词义，不充当成分； （2）连接代词：what（什么）、who/whom（谁）、whose（谁的）、which（哪一个），有词义，在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等； （3）连接副词：when（何时）、where（何地）、why（为什么）、how（如何），有词义，在从句中充当状语。 2. 语序规则 宾语从句必须用陈述语序：连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分，禁止使用疑问语序。 3. 时态呼应规则 （1）主句为一般现在时/将来时：从句时态根据实际情况而定（现在、过去、将来均可）； （2）主句为一般过去时：从句通常用过去的某种时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）； （3）从句表达客观真理、自然现象、固定事实：无论主句什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。 4. 特殊用法 （1）否定转移：主句谓语为think/believe/expect等，从句的否定词要转移到主句上； （2）if与whether区别：介词后、不定式前、or not连用、讨论选择时，只能用whether。 【例句】 1. 用that引导（无词义，可省略）： I think (that) you are right. 我认为你是对的。 She says (that) she will come tomorrow. 她说她明天会来。 2. 用if/whether引导（是否）： I don’t know if/whether he will join us. 我不知道他是否会加入我们。 I wonder whether it will rain or not. 我想知道会不会下雨。 3. 用连接代词引导： Can you tell me what you want? 你能告诉我你想要什么吗？ She asked who broke the window. 她问是谁打破了窗户。 4. 用连接副词引导： Please tell me when we will have the meeting. 请告诉我我们什么时候开会。 He doesn’t know where he can find his key. 他不知道去哪里找他的钥匙。 5. 时态呼应例句： 主句现在时：He knows that I study English hard.（他知道我努力学英语） 主句过去时：He knew that I studied English hard.（他知道我当时努力学英语） 客观真理：The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.（老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转） 6. 否定转移： I don’t think he is honest. 我认为他不诚实。（原句：I think he is not honest.） 1．（2025·江西抚州·模拟预测）The view from the top of Mount Lu is amazing, ________ it draws many tourists every year. A．when B．if C．so D．but 【答案】C 【详解】句意：庐山山顶的景色令人惊叹，所以每年都吸引了许多游客。 考查连词辨析。when当……时候，引导时间状语从句；if如果，引导条件状语从句；so所以，表因果关系；but但是，表转折关系。根据“The view from the top of Mount Lu is amazing...it draws many tourists every year.”可知，句中表述庐山山顶景色令人惊叹，“因此”每年吸引很多游客，前后是因果关系。故选C。 2．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）—Ye Jiaying, the daughter of Chinese classical poetry, left us on November 24th, 2024. —That’s sad, ________ her books and thoughts will continue influencing people who love Chinese poems. A．so B．but C．if D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——中国古典诗词之女叶嘉莹于2024年11月24日离我们而去。——这很令人难过，但她的著作和思想将继续影响着热爱中国诗词的人们 。 考查连词辨析。so所以；but但是；if如果；when当……时候。根据“the daughter of Chinese classical poetry, left us”和“her books and thoughts will continue influencing people who love Chinese poems”可知，前后句存在转折关系。故选B。 3．（2025·北京西城·一模）I went to bed early last night, ______ I feel great today. A．so B．or C．but D．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我昨晚睡得很早，所以今天感觉很好。 考查连词辨析。so所以；or或者，否则；but但是；for为了。结合语境及前后句“I went to bed early last night…I feel great today.”可知，前后句表示因果关系，应用so表示结果。故选A。 4．（2025·云南昆明·模拟预测）—Don’t be a phubber (低头族). Technology helps us a lot, ________ we shouldn’t allow it to control our lives. —We should take more activities outside to keep healthy. A．until B．because C．unless D．but 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——不要成为低头族。科技对我们帮助很大，但是我们不应该让它控制我们的生活。——我们应该多参加户外活动来保持健康。 考查连词辨析。until直到……为止；because因为；unless除非，如果不；but但是。分析句子结构可知，“Technology helps us a lot”与“we shouldn’t allow it to control our lives”是转折关系，应用but连接句子。故选D。 5．（2026·甘肃定西·一模）—Could you tell me _________________ in China? —It started in Xi’an. It went through Asia, the Middle East, North Africa and Europe. A．how the Silk Road started B．when the Silk Road started C．why the Silk Road started D．where the Silk Road started 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我丝绸之路在中国从哪里开始吗？——它从西安开始。它穿越了亚洲、中东、北非和欧洲。 考查宾语从句引导词辨析。how the Silk Road started丝绸之路如何开始的；when the Silk Road started丝绸之路什么时候开始的；why the Silk Road started丝绸之路为什么开始；where the Silk Road started丝绸之路从哪里开始的。根据答语“It started in Xi’an.”可知，此处是在询问丝绸之路的起点，所以应该用where引导宾语从句。故选D。 6．（2026·江苏南通·模拟预测）—I think it’s difficult to write the English report in two days. I really don’t know ________. —Plan your time well, and you can make it. A．why I have to do it B．when will I finish it C．how I can do it D．if can I finish it 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我觉得在两天内写完这份英语报告很难。我真的不知道我该怎么做。——好好规划你的时间，你就能完成。 考查宾语从句的语序和连接词辨析。why I have to do it我为什么必须做它；when will I finish it我什么时候能完成它 (语序错误)；how I can do it我该怎么做；if can I finish it我是否能完成它 (语序错误)。根据答句“Plan your time well, and you can make it.”可知，前者在表达对如何完成的困惑，后者建议规划时间，因此应选与“方式、方法”相关的how。此外，宾语从句需用陈述语序 (主语在前，谓语在后)，B和D为疑问语序，排除。故选C。 7．（2026·福建三明·一模）—Do you know ________? —Of course. On November 25th, 2025. A．why the Shenzhou-22 was launched B．how the Shenzhou-22 was launched C．when the Shenzhou-22 was launched 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道神舟22号什么时候发射的吗？——当然知道。在2025年11月25日。 考查宾语从句的引导词辨析。根据答语“On November 25th, 2025.”可知，回答的是具体日期，因此问句询问的是时间。选项A询问原因（为什么发射），选项B询问方式（如何发射），选项C询问时间（何时发射），答句与选项C对应。故选C。 8．（2026·福建福州·一模）—The smart watch can tell parents ________. —This way, parents can quickly find their kids. A．what time it is B．where the kids are C．how do the kids study 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这款智能手表可以告诉父母孩子们在哪里。——这样，父母就能快速找到他们的孩子。 考查宾语从句的语序和逻辑。what time it is几点了；where the kids are孩子们在什么地方；how do the kids study孩子们如何学习。根据答句“This way, parents can quickly find their kids.”可知，手表的功能是帮助父母找到孩子，因此应提供孩子的位置信息。where the kids are“孩子们在哪里”，且宾语从句应使用陈述语序，符合语境。故选B。 9．（2026·四川凉山·模拟预测）—Do you know ________ the 2nd China—Malaysia Bilateral Dialogue on Maritime Issues was held? —In Beijing on November 24, 2025, to deepen maritime cooperation. A．when and where B．what and who C．how and why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道第二届中马海上问题双边对话是在何时何地举行的吗？——2025年11月24日在北京举行，以深化海上合作。 考查宾语从句的引导词。when and where询问时间和地点；what and who询问内容和人物；how and why询问方式和原因。根据答语“In Beijing on November 24, 2025”可知，回答的是时间和地点，因此需选择“when and where”。故选A。 10．（2025·云南丽江·一模）— Can you tell me __________? — Sure. I run every morning and play basketball on weekends. A．how you stay healthy B．how do you stay healthy C．when do you exercise D．when you exercise 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你是如何保持健康的吗？ ——当然。我每天早上跑步，周末打篮球。 考查宾语从句语序。宾语从句中必须使用陈述句语序 (主语+谓语)。选项B和C错误地使用了疑问句语序；据回答“I run every morning and play basketball on weekends.”可知，内容描述的是保持健康的方式，而非单纯锻炼时间，因此询问“如何保持健康”更贴合语境。故选A。 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．（2025甘肃张掖三模）I am looking forward to ________(show) my wonderful dancing moves at our party. 【答案】showing 【详解】句意：我期待着在我们的聚会上展示我精彩的舞步。look forward to doing sth.期待做某事，后接动名词形式。故填showing。 2．（2021江苏泰州二模）I havent decided whether ________(accept) his invitation. 【答案】to accept 【详解】句意：我还没有决定是否接受他的邀请。accept接受，动词；whether是连词，后可跟宾语从句也可跟动词不定式，二者可以互换。故填to accept。 3．（2021江苏扬州二模）Life is too short to keep ________about the past failures. (regret) 【答案】regretting 【详解】句意：人生苦短，不能为过去的失败而懊悔。regret后悔；keep doing sth.继续做某事，是固定结构，故填regretting。 4．（2020江苏扬州三模）I think there is little chance that robots will take the place of ________(human) in the future. 【答案】humans 【详解】句意：我认为未来机器人取代人类的可能性很小。此处是泛指人类，应用复数名词，故填humans。 5．（2022江苏盐城一模）Yuan Longping devoted his whole life to ________(pull) countless people out of hunger. 【答案】pulling 【详解】句意：袁隆平一生致力于帮助无数人摆脱饥饿。devote ones life to doing sth.毕生致力于做某事，故用动名词形式作宾语。故填pulling。 6．（2025甘肃张掖三模）David is a ________(work) at a car factory. He loves his job. 【答案】worker 【详解】句意：大卫是一家汽车工厂的工人。他热爱他的工作。根据David is a...，这里需要表示职业的名词，意为工人，空前有a，此处用单数。故填worker。 7．（2024黑龙江三模）I ________(prefer) junk food to healthy food when I was young. So I used to be very fat. 【答案】preferred 【详解】句意：我小的时候更喜欢垃圾食品而不是健康食品。所以我以前很胖。根据when I was young可知，句子时态应为一般过去时，动词prefer更喜欢应用过去式，故填preferred。 8．（2023江苏扬州三模）Mr Li told us everything ________more on the earth than on Mars because of gravity. (weigh) 【答案】weighs 【详解】句意：金先生告诉我们，由于重力的原因，地球上的所有东西都比火星上重。weigh称重，动词；分析句子可知本句是宾语从句；从句陈述客观事实和真理用一般现在时，主语everything表单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式。故填weighs。 9．（2024江苏无锡模拟预测）I knew when he went out last night because I ________(lie) on the bed, awake. 【答案】lay 【详解】句意：我知道他昨晚什么时候出去的，因为我醒着躺在床上。根据I knew when he went out last night because I on the bed, awake.以及所给词lie可知，此处描述的是过去发生的动作，要用一般过去时。lie作躺讲时，其过去式是lay。故填lay。 10．（2021江苏无锡二模）On our way to the theater, it was raining so hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it ________(take) to get there. 【答案】would take 【详解】句意：在我们去电影院的路上，雨下得很大，我们忍不住想要多久才能到那里。到达那里这一动作还未发生，用将来时，主句使用一般过去时，所以宾语从句用过去将来时would do，故填would take。 二、单项选择 11．（2025四川凉山模拟预测）Parents always pay attention to the smallest progress their children make and ________ them. A．take care of B．take after C．take pride in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：父母总是关注孩子取得的每一个微小进步，并为他们感到骄傲。 考查动词短语辨析。take care of照顾；take after长得像；take pride in为感到骄傲。根据the smallest progress可知，父母会为孩子的进步感到骄傲。故选C。 12．（2025安徽黄山模拟预测）YangBOT is a perfect mix of modern technology and traditional culture, which reminds us true ________ is about respecting the past while moving towards the future. A．progress B．level C．danger D．courage 【答案】A 【详解】句意：YangBOT是现代科技和传统文化的完美融合，它提醒我们真正的进步是尊重过去，同时迈向未来。 考查名词辨析。progress进步；level水平；danger危险；courage勇气。根据which reminds us true...is about respecting the past while moving towards the future.可知，它提醒我们真正的进步是尊重过去，同时迈向未来，这描述的是进步的本质，强调在继承传统中发展。故选A。 13．（2025海南三模）This hat looks nice and it fits me well, ________ I take it without thinking. A．but B．or C．so 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这顶帽子看起来不错，而且很合身，所以我不假思索地戴上了。 考查连词辨析。but但是；or或者；so所以。根据This hat looks nice and it fits me wellI take it without thinking.可知，前后句之间是因果关系，前因后果，此处应用连词so。故选C。 14．（2025甘肃陇南模拟预测）Do you know what Tom will do for his father? He told me ________ he wanted to buy a present for his father. A．that B．where C．if D．why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你知道汤姆会为他父亲做什么吗？他告诉我他想给他父亲买个礼物。 考查宾语从句的引导词。that引导宾语从句时，无实义，只起连接作用；where哪里；if是否；why为什么。分析句子结构可知，这是含有宾语从句的复合句；根据he wanted to buy a present for his father可知，这是一个完整的句子，不缺少地点、是否、原因等含义，只是陈述一个事实。故选A。 15．（2025黑龙江哈尔滨二模）Do you think Jack has the ability to win the race? I never doubt ________ win the race. A．that he will B．whether will he C．whether he will 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你觉得Jack有能力赢得这场比赛吗？我从不怀疑他会赢得比赛。 考查宾语从句。空处是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除B选项；根据I never doubt可知，是指我从不怀疑他会赢得比赛，用that引导宾语从句。故选A。 16．（2026上海黄浦一模）My father walked around his car to see if there was ________ wrong. A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我父亲绕着车走了一圈，看看是否有任何问题。 考查不定代词辨析。anything任何事；nothing没有事；something某事；everything一切。根据see if there was...wrong可知，此处是是否有任何问题，带有不确定性，在疑问或条件句中通常用anything表示任何事物。故选A。 17．（2025安徽黄山三模）To keep fit, Mr. Smith ________ in the park at least three times every week. A．goes out B．takes out C．puts out D．works out 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，史密斯先生每周至少在公园锻炼三次。 考查动词短语。goes out离开；takes out拿出来；puts out扑灭；works out锻炼。根据To keep fit可知，史密斯先生每周至少在公园锻炼三次，work out锻炼，固定短语。故选D。 18．（2025全国模拟预测）Lily hasnt made a ________ on where to spend her summer holiday. She is going to talk about it with her parents tomorrow. A．suggestion B．promise C．decision D．conclusion 【答案】C 【详解】句意：莉莉还没有决定去哪里度暑假。她明天要和父母讨论。 考查名词辨析。suggestion建议；promise承诺；decision决定；conclusion结论。根据上下句，莉莉尚未做出决定，且计划与父母讨论。故选C。 19．（2022四川乐山中考真题）Shall we go and see a movie on Sunday? Sorry. Ill have to ________ my younger sister. A．look after B．look for C．look up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们星期天去看电影好吗？抱歉。我得照顾我的妹妹。 考查动词短语辨析。look after照顾；look for寻找；look up查询。根据Ill have to my younger sister可知，此处指不得不照顾妹妹，故选A。 20．（2022上海杨浦一模）I dont have much ________ of German history but I think choice A is most likely. A．knowledge B．material C．joke D．interview 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我没有太多德国历史的知识，但我认为最有可能选A。 考查名词辨析。knowledge知识；material材料；joke笑话；interview面试。结合后文I think choice A is most likely可知主人公在做题，需要一定的知识储备。结合语境可知有关德国历史的知识，much修饰不可数名词。故选A。 三、完形填空 （2026内蒙古呼和浩特一模）Over the past eleven years, Zhu Zhiwen, a Chinese cyclist (自行车手), has been on an amazing journey through 45 countries and places by bike. His strong 21 for cycling and discovery has taken him there. Zhu Zhiwen 22 the idea of travelling around the world during his school days, when he was studying geography. With the spirit and a goal in mind, he 23 about 200,000 yuanand began his first bicycle trip in 2012. From Asia to Africa, from South America to North America, I have experienced 24 cultures and met wonderful people around the world,he said. In Kenya (肯尼亚), Zhu Zhiwen joined several Chinese people to collect money for 25 children, with the purpose of helping those in need. In Ecuador (厄瓜多尔), he 26 Chinese culture to a local friend by cooking Chinese food. He even had the 27 to enjoy polar lights (极光) in Alaska. However, Zhus bicycle trips were not always 28 . He met 29 difficulties during his journey. For example, on his way to the Arctic (北极) in 2020, he faced strong winds and dust storms (沙尘暴) 30 all around. 31 how many difficulties there are, Zhus love for China has only grown stronger and stronger after years of cycling. Its especially true when I find myself in trouble in a foreign land,Zhu says. China is 32 a land of beautiful places and many wonders. 33 an experienced traveller, Zhu has often been asked about the 34 of travel. I believe the best answer lies in enjoying 35 along the way, whether its good or bad.Zhu shares. His words reflect a deep understanding of the joy of travel and the importance of having every experience, whether it brings laughter or tears. 21．A．agreement B．love C．beauty 22．A．came up with B．made an effort C．showed up 23．A．lent B．caught C．raised 24．A．colorful B．daily C．wise 25．A．homeless B．typical C．amazing 26．A．supposed B．produced C．introduced 27．A．coast B．custom C．chance 28．A．valuable B．pleasant C．available 29．A．a number of B．a great deal of C．an amount of 30．A．collecting B．dropping C．blowing 31．A．No wonder B．No matter C．No doubt 32．A．truth B．truly C．true 33．A．Like B．As C．For 34．A．popularity B．sadness C．meaning 35．A．everything B．nothing C．something 【答案】 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．A 26．C 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．B 33．B 34．C 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中国自行车手朱志文历时11年骑行游历45个国家和地区的经历，展现了他对骑行与探索的热爱、在旅途中的公益行动与文化交流，以及他对旅行意义的深刻理解。 21．句意：他对骑行和探索的强烈热爱带领他走到了这里。 根据for cycling and discovery可知，此处指对骑行和探索的强烈热爱，love符合，agreement协议、beauty美丽均不符合语境。 22．句意：朱志文在学生时代学习地理时，就萌生了环游世界的想法。 根据the idea可知，此处指萌生了环游世界的想法，came up with想出、萌生与the idea搭配合理，其他选项不符合搭配。 23．句意：带着这份精神和目标，他筹集了约20万元，并在2012年开始了第一次自行车旅行。 根据about 200,000 yuan可知，此处指筹集了金钱，raised筹集符合，其他选项不符合语境。 24．句意：从亚洲到非洲，从南美到北美，我体验了丰富多彩的文化，结识了世界各地很棒的人。他说。 根据From Asia to Africamet wonderful people可知，不同国家的文化是丰富多彩的，colorful丰富多彩的修饰cultures；其他选项不符合语境。 25．句意：在肯尼亚，朱志文和几位中国人一起为无家可归的孩子筹款，目的是帮助那些有需要的人。 根据helping those in need可知，此处指帮助无家可归的孩子，应用homeless无家可归的，其他选项不符合语境。 26．句意：在厄瓜多尔，他通过做中国菜向当地朋友介绍中国文化。 根据Chinese culture to a local friend by cooking Chinese food可知，此处指介绍中国文化，introduced介绍符合搭配，其他选项不符合语境。 27．句意：他甚至有机会在阿拉斯加欣赏极光。 根据to enjoy polar lights in Alaska可知，此处指有机会做某事，chance机会符合。 28．句意：然而，朱志文的自行车旅行并不总是愉快的。 根据However及后文difficulties可知，旅行并非一直愉快的，pleasant愉快的符合语境； 29．句意：他在旅途中遇到了许多困难。 根据difficulties是可数名词复数可知，a number of符合，a great deal of、an amount of后接不可数名词。 30．句意：例如，2020 年在去北极的路上，他遭遇了强风和四处弥漫的沙尘暴。 根据strong winds and dust storms可知，沙尘暴是吹拂、弥漫的状态，blowing符合。 31．句意：无论遇到多少困难，经过多年骑行，朱志文对中国的热爱只会越来越强烈。 根据how many difficulties there are及让步逻辑，No matter无论可引导让步状语从句。 32．句意：中国确实是一个拥有美丽风景和诸多奇观的国度。 根据China isa land of beautiful places可知，此处加强语气，truly符合，其他选项不符合语法。 33．句意：作为一名经验丰富的旅行者，朱志文经常被问及旅行的意义。 根据an experienced traveller可知，此处指作为有经验的旅行者，As作为符合语境。 34．句意：作为一名经验丰富的旅行者，朱志文经常被问及旅行的意义。 根据后文the best answer lies in enjoying...可知，此处指被问及旅行的意义，meaning意义符合语境；popularity流行、sadness悲伤均不符合。 35．句意：我认为最好的答案在于享受沿途的一切事物，无论好坏。 根据whether its good or bad可知，此处指享受沿途所有事物，everything一切事物符合语境。 四、阅读理解 （2026吉林模拟预测）A Bite of Chinahas become a hot topic of discussion on the Internet in China since it appeared on China Central Television. This TV program is a documentary about traditional Chinese food. The program has more than one hundred million Chinese audiences (观众). Most of them see not only the common food but also the changes in our lives today. And the audiences also have chances to see how hard the cooks and farmers have to work to make such wonderful Chinese food. It shows the taste of Chinese through different ways. It is close to nature, near our life, including customs (风俗), weather, geography, history and our spirits. The director of A Bite of Chinais Chen Xiaoqing. He started taking documentaries in 1991. The memory of taste is the deepest. Many people in China gained success in their lives but they have to be far away from their homes. But they still have a stomach of their hometowns. This is why many people enjoy the program,Chen said. We want to show a real original ecology (原生态) China. A Bite of Chinatalks about food, but it talks more than food. A Bite of Chinatells us from the start of culture to the high level of the spirit, the influence (影响) of the places and the changes of China. Food is the most important part of the development (发展) of Chinese civilization (文明). 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 36．A Bite of Chinais________. A．a movie B．a documentary C．a sports show D．a game show 37．Many people like A Bite of China________. A．because it brings the memory of taste from their hometowns B．because it introduces different kinds of weather around China C．because you can know every travel place all over China D．because it only shows the influence of the places and the changes of China 38．From the program, we can know that________. A．about 100,000 Chinese audiences are interested in this program B．these wonderful Chinese foods are not easy to produce C．the director of the program is Chen Qing D．A Bite of Chinadont have many audiences in China 39．What does the underlined part it talks more than foodmean? A．CCTV can make more money through the program. B．We can know Chinese culture through food. C．What people think of the program is more important. D．The food tastes more delicious. 40．Where can we probably find the passage? A．In a notice. B．In a school play. C．In a newspaper. D．In a poster. 【答案】36．B 37．A 38．B 39．B 40．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了纪录片《舌尖上的中国》的内容、影响及其背后的文化意义。 36．细节理解题。根据This TV program is a documentary about traditional Chinese food.可推知《舌尖上的中国》是一部纪录片。故选B。 37．细节理解题。根据The memory of taste is the deepest...they still have a stomach of their hometowns. This is why many people enjoy the program.可推知人们喜欢该节目是因为它唤起了对家乡味道的记忆。故选A。 38．细节理解题。根据the audiences also have chances to see how hard the cooks and farmers have to work to make such wonderful Chinese food.可推知这些美食的制作并不容易。故选B。 39．词句猜测题。根据A Bite of China talks about food, but it talks more than food...the influence of the places and the changes of China...Food is the most important part of the development of Chinese civilization.可推知该节目通过食物展现中国文化。故选B。 40．推理判断题。文章介绍了《舌尖上的中国》的内容、导演观点及文化意义，属于新闻报道或文化评论的范畴，最可能出现在报纸上。故选C。 （2026广西柳州一模）Whether youre starting a new school, moving to a different area or just want to meet more people, any time is a good time for making new friends.What makes a good friend? If youre doing something fun or facing a challenge, who would you want with you? Having people who support you and make you smile is important. According to psychologist Dr. Eileen Kennedy-Moore, good friendships feel good most of the time and bring out the best in you. As well as having fun, you can trust each other with your private thoughts and feelings. A key sign of a strong bond is mutual (相互的) acceptance. Good friends accept you for who you are, however bad your jokes may be, and they are also loyal, which means they support and stick up for you when others dont.Why are they important? Friendships teach important skills that stay with you. Trying to be a good friend can lead you to talk and explain, rather than shout. When you are with friends, you learn to see things like they do. They also help you understand other peoples feelings, which is called empathy. Whats more, scientists say that having good friends can help you learn and sleep better.How can you make friends? Think about your body language. An easy way to show openness is to smile when you see someone. You could also invite someone to play a game with you, or do something kind, like share a snack. Friendship is a two-way street that grows with time, kindness, and experiences. Start with a smile and see what happens! 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 41．According to the passage, what do good friends do? A．Help you face challenges. B．Accept and support you. C．Play bad jokes on you. 42．What does the underlined word empathymean? A．共情 B．公平 C．慷慨. 43．Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage? A．Friendships teach important skills that stay with you. B．Friendships help you understand other peoples feelings. C．Friendships make you believe everyone around. 44．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．Friendships can help you learn a lot. B．You need to show openness under pressure. C．True friendship is based on being kind. 45．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To explain why making friends is difficult and tell how to make friends. B．To describe the qualities and importance of friendship and how to make friends. C．To tell a story about a psychologists research and show his new discovery. 【答案】41．B 42．A 43．C 44．C 45．B 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了什么是好朋友、友谊的重要性以及如何交朋友。 41．细节理解题。根据文章第二段Good friends accept you for who you are, however bad your jokes may be, and they are also loyal, which means they support and stick up for you when others dont.可知，好朋友接受真实的你，无论你的笑话有多糟糕，他们也很忠诚，这意味着当别人不支持你时，他们会支持你。因此，好朋友会接受并支持你。故选B。 42．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段They also help you understand other peoples feelings, which is called empathy.可知，他们也帮助你理解其他人的感受，这被称为empathy。由此推测，empathy意为共情，即能够理解和感受他人的情感。故选A。 43．细节理解题。根据文章第三段Friendships teach important skills that stay with you.可知，友谊教会你重要的技能，这些技能会一直陪伴着你，故A选项正确；根据文章第三段They also help you understand other peoples feelings, which is called empathy.可知，友谊帮助你理解其他人的感受，故B选项正确；C选项友谊让你相信身边的每一个人在文章中并未提及，且与文章内容不符。故选C。 44．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Friendship is a two-way street that grows with time, kindness, and experiences. Start with a smile and see what happens!可知，友谊是一条双向的道路，它随着时间、善良和经历而成长。从这句话可以推断出，真正的友谊是基于善良的。故选C。 45．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第二段What makes a good friend?，第三段Why are they important?以及第四段How can you make friends?可知，本文主要描述了友谊的品质、重要性以及如何交朋友。故选B。 五、选词填空 （2025四川达州二模）选词填空阅读下面短文，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。 a, high, subject, on, understand, teach, reason, side, one, education History is still a compulsory (必修的) subject at lower levels and students still choose to study it at 46 levels. However, there is 47 ongoing (持续存在的) discussion about whether schools should continue to 48 history. This passage will deal with the arguments that oppose and support teaching history in school, concluding that we should teach history, because the value of the subject goes beyond (超越) the classroom. 49 of all, many students suggest that history is one of the less interesting school 50 and that governments should spend the time and money 51 subjects that are more useful. Some people argue that math and English are more important and they can help us to have a society with a good basic 52 . Other people say that teaching science can move a country forward and benefit the economy. However, when we teach history, we are just looking back at the past. The economic benefits of this area are less obvious. On the other hand, there are several 53 why it is a good idea to teach history. Teaching history is important because students should be able 54 the background of current issues (当前问题) in the news. This will create better-informed citizens. Another reason is that it helps pupils to understand the culture and background of the society they live in. In addition to learning about the past, history teaching can help students to think for themselves. Finally, it also improves studentsreading and writing skills, which can help them become better students. In conclusion (总而言之), though there are clear arguments on both 55 , it seems to me that we should have history classes. I would say the teaching of history helps to create a well-educated generation. 【答案】 46．higher 47．an 48．teach 49．First 50．subjects 51．on 52．education 53．reasons 54．to understand 55．sides 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了学校是否应该继续教授历史课程的问题，并分别阐述了支持和反对的观点，最终得出结论认为应该教授历史课程。 46．句意：历史在低年级仍然是必修科目，学生仍然选择在高年级学习它。根据History is still a compulsory (必修的) subject at lower levels and students still choose to study it at...levels.可知，此处将高年级和低年级进行比较，使用形容词high的比较级形式higher更高的，较高的。故填higher。 47．句意：然而，关于学校是否应该继续教授历史的讨论仍在持续。句中ongoing discussion是单数可数名词，此处表示泛指，且ongoing以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。 48．句意：关于学校是否应该继续教授历史的讨论仍在持续。根据whether schools should continue to...history可知，此处讨论是否应该继续教授历史，teach教，continue to do sth.继续做某事，空处使用动词原形。故填teach。 49．句意：首先，许多学生认为历史是学校里最不有趣的科目之一，政府应该把时间和金钱花在更有用的科目上。根据...of all和下文On the other hand可知，此处阐述第一个观点，用one的序数词形式first，first of all首先。故填First。 50．句意：首先，许多学生认为历史是学校里最不有趣的科目之一，政府应该把时间和金钱花在更有用的科目上。根据history is one of the less interesting school可知，历史属于学习科目，subject学科，可数名词，one of后接名词复数形式。故填subjects。 51．句意：首先，许多学生认为历史是学校里最不有趣的科目之一，政府应该把时间和金钱花在更有用的科目上。根据spend the time and money...subjects可知，spend time/money on sth.在某物上花费时间或金钱。故填on。 52．句意：有些人认为数学和英语更重要，他们可以帮助我们有一个良好的基础教育的社会。根据math and English are more important and they can help us to have a society with a good basic可知，更重要的学科可以帮助奠定良好的教育基础，education教育，名词。故填education。 53．句意：另一方面，有多个理由说明教历史是一个好主意。根据why it is a good idea to teach history可知，此处介绍原因，reason原因，可数名词，several后接名词复数形式。故填reasons。 54．句意：教授历史很重要，因为学生应该能够理解新闻中当前问题的背景。根据be able...the background of current issues (当前问题) in the news可知，此处指理解问题背景，understand理解，be able to do sth.能够做某事，空处使用动词不定式。故填to understand。 55．句意：总之，尽管双方都有明确的论点，但在我看来，我们应该上历史课。根据上文First of all...On the other hand...可知，此处指双方的观点，side（战争、争论或谈判中的)）一方，可数名词，both后接名词复数形式。故填sides。 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题13 八下Modules7－10（复习讲义）（外研版教材梳理） 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·思维导图·网络构建 2 03·考点通关·靶向突破 3 考点1 重点词汇 3 考点2 易混词辨析 7 考点3 重点句型 9 考点4 重点语法 11 04·优题精选·练能提分 12 考点 课标要求 复习目标 重点单词 · 掌握重点词汇： · 名词：list, shorts, trousers, sunglasses, homestay, total, weight, passport, culture, progress, guest, form, friendship, sights, waste, square, kilometre, shape, path, rock, top, stream, plant, sightseeing, view, holiday, silence, treasure, circle, stick, glue, suggestion, director, background, presenter, interview, listener, article, studio, purpos · 动词：list, weigh, last, depend, provide, prefer, fill, wake, pull, separate, explain, mention, refuse, treat, regret, encourage, introduce, pass, trust, include, show, avoid, interview · 形容词：crazy, total, daily, thirsty, freshwater, clear, traditional, separate, lonely, patient, bright, national, international, part-time 1.重点词汇会写会用 2. 易混词会在不同语境中熟练应用 3. 熟练运用并列复合句 4. 熟练运用宾语从句 易混词辨析 · 掌握voice/noise/sound；borrow/lend；say/speak/talk/tell；forget to do sth/forget doing sth；so…that…/such…that…；above/over/on；regret to do sth/regret doing sth；hope/wish等易混词辨析 重点句型 · 掌握打电话用语 · 掌握日常出行对话 · 掌握指路、引导方向的礼貌用语 · 掌握 祈使句 + and + 一般将来时 重点语法 · 掌握并列复合句 · 掌握宾语从句 命题预测 单项选择侧重易混词辨析、祈使句 + and + 将来时结构、并列复合句与宾语从句引导词；完形填空侧重名词、动词、形容词在语境中的运用，结合易混词与时态考查；语法填空考查词汇变形、宾语从句连接词及句型补全；情景交际重点考查打电话、日常出行、指路引导等实用表达；句型转换围绕并列复合句、宾语从句和固定句型改写；选词填空侧重易混词、固定搭配及形容词语境运用，整体检测词汇、句型、宾语从句与并列句的综合运用能力。 考点1 重点词汇 1. course 【教材原句】Do an English course for about four weeks. 【主要用法】作名词，意为课程、进程、路线；常用搭配a course of表示一门……课程，in the course of表示在……过程中；作动词时为不及物动词，意为快速流动，无常用固定搭配。 【例句】She takes a course in French every weekend.她每周末上法语课。 There is a course of training for new workers.有一场针对新员工的培训课程。 2. group 【教材原句】They are going in a group of about 20. 【主要用法】作名词，意为群、组、团体，可与of连用构成a group of一群/一组；作动词时为及物动词，意为把……分组，常用搭配work in groups表示分组学习，group into表示分成小组。 【例句】A group of children are playing games near the river.一群孩子在河边玩游戏。 We group into small teams to discuss questions in class.我们在课上分成小组讨论问题。 3. photo 【教材原句】Please write to me and send me some photos! 【主要用法】作名词，意为照片、相片；常用固定搭配take a photo表示拍照片，take photos表示拍照，a photo of表示一张……的照片；无动词词性用法，日常使用中多作名词。 【例句】He takes many photos when he visits different places.他游览各地时会拍很多照片。 This is a photo of my family.这是一张我的全家福。 4. send 【教材原句】Please write to me and send me some photos! 【主要用法】作及物动词，意为发送、寄、派遣；后可接双宾语，固定搭配send sb sth = send sth to sb表示把某物寄/发送给某人，send for表示派人去请，无直接接动名词或不定式的固定用法。 【例句】I send a message to my friend every day.我每天给朋友发消息。 She sent a box of fruit to her grandparents yesterday.她昨天给祖父母寄了一箱水果。 5. prepare 【教材原句】I'm making a list of things for my trip. 【主要用法】作及物动词，意为准备、筹备；后可接名词、代词作宾语，固定搭配prepare sth表示准备某物，prepare for sth表示为某事做准备，prepare to do sth表示准备做某事；无不及物动词常用用法。 【例句】We prepare dinner for the family every evening.我们每天晚上为家人做晚饭。 They prepare to take the exam next week.他们准备下周参加考试。 6. problem 【教材原句】I have a problem with my best friend. 【主要用法】作名词，意为问题、难题、困难；常用搭配have a problem with表示在……方面有问题，solve a problem表示解决问题，math problem表示数学题；无动词词性用法，核心作名词使用。 【例句】This problem is too hard for me to work out.这道题太难了，我做不出来。 We need to find ways to solve these small problems.我们需要想办法解决这些小问题。 7. friend 【教材原句】I have a problem with my best friend. 【主要用法】作名词，意为朋友、友人；常用搭配best friend表示最好的朋友，make friends表示交朋友，a friend of表示我的一个朋友；无动词词性用法，日常使用中主要作名词，表人与人之间的关系。 【例句】My best friend always supports me when I am upset.我难过的时候，最好的朋友总会支持我。 It’s happy to make friends with kind people.和善良的人交朋友很开心。 8. advise 【教材原句】I can introduce you to her. 【主要用法】作及物动词，意为建议、劝告；后可接sb to do sth或doing sth作宾语，固定搭配advise sb to do sth表示建议某人做某事，advise doing sth表示建议做某事；无不及物动词用法，不可直接接不定式作宾语。 【例句】The doctor advises us to exercise every day.医生建议我们每天锻炼。 I advise going out for a walk after supper.我建议晚饭后出去散步。 9. interview 【教材原句】We'll do interviews with sports stars. 【主要用法】作名词，意为采访、面试；常用搭配have an interview表示面试/采访，job interview表示求职面试；作动词时为及物动词，意为采访、面试，后直接接sb作宾语，无复杂宾语限制。 【例句】She will have an interview for the job tomorrow.她明天要参加这份工作的面试。 The reporter will interview the famous writer tomorrow.记者明天要采访这位著名作家。 10. famous 【教材原句】The park is famous for its lake and the hills. 【主要用法】作形容词，意为著名的、出名的；无动词词性用法，常用固定搭配be famous for表示因……而著名，be famous as表示作为……而著名；在句中作表语或定语，修饰人或事物。 【例句】The city is famous for its delicious food.这座城市因美食而闻名。 He is famous as a good teacher.他是一位有名的好老师。 11. introduce 【教材原句】I can introduce you to her. 【主要用法】作及物动词，意为介绍、引进；后可接名词、代词作宾语，固定搭配introduce A to B表示把A介绍给B，introduce oneself表示自我介绍；不可直接接不定式作宾语，无不及物动词常用搭配。 【例句】Let me introduce my sister to you.让我把我的妹妹介绍给你。 He introduced himself to the whole class.他向全班做了自我介绍。 12. trust 【教材原句】The smile made me feel something good. 【主要用法】作及物动词，意为信任、信赖、托付；后可接sb或sb to do sth作宾语，固定搭配trust sb表示信任某人，trust sb to do sth表示相信某人做某事，trust sb with sth表示把某事托付给某人；无不及物动词常用用法。 【例句】We all trust our monitor to do the right thing.我们都相信班长会做正确的事。 I trust my best friend with all my secrets.我向我最好的朋友吐露我所有的秘密。 1．（25-26九年级上·福建厦门·月考）Sally is going to take an online ________ to improve her French next month. A．course B．address C．postcard 2．（2025·福建宁德·二模）Here is a ________ of my family. We took it last week. A．drawing B．poster C．photo 3．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—Shall we go hiking this weekend? —I’d like to, but I’m too busy ________ the English speaking competition. A．to prepare for B．preparing for C．prepare for 4．（2025·上海松江·二模）My dad advises me ________ to the news report every evening. A．listen B．to listen C．listening D．listened 5．（2025·安徽淮北·三模）—Did you see the book The Remarkable Chinese Famous Paintings? —Sure. The book ________ China’s rich history and culture to people around the world. A．protects B．introduces C．compares D．discovers 考点2 易混词辨析 1. voice, noise, sound 【易混淆辨析】voice 专指人发出的声音，如嗓音、说话声、歌声，用于人；noise 指刺耳、令人烦躁的噪音、吵闹声，含贬义；sound 为通用词，泛指自然界一切声音，无感情色彩，可指人、动物、物体等发出的任何声响。 【例句】She has a beautiful voice. 她有一副美妙的嗓音。 There is too much noise outside. 外面噪音太大了。 Sound travels more slowly than light. 声音比光传播得慢。 2. borrow, lend 【易混淆辨析】borrow 表示“借入”，主语从别人那里拿到东西；lend 表示“借出”，主语把东西给别人，两者动作方向完全相反，搭配介词不同。 Can I borrow your bike? 我能借你的自行车用一下吗？ He lent his dictionary to me. 他把字典借给了我。 3. say, speak, talk, tell 【易混淆辨析】say 强调说话的内容，后常接引语或宾语；speak 侧重说话的动作，后常接语言名称；talk 指双方“交谈、谈论”，常用搭配 talk with/to sb；tell 意为“告诉、讲述”，后常接双宾语或故事、真相等。 【例句】He says nothing about the plan. 他对这个计划只字未提。 She can speak Chinese well. 她汉语说得很好。 They are talking about the movie. 他们正在谈论那部电影。 Please tell me your address. 请告诉我你的地址。 4. forget to do sth, forget doing sth 【易混淆辨析】forget to do sth 表示“忘记去做某事”，动作尚未发生；forget doing sth 表示“忘记做过某事”，动作已经完成，两者核心区别在于动作是否发生。 【例句】I forgot to do my homework. 我忘记写作业了。 He forgot turning off the light. 他忘记已经关过灯了。 5. so…that…, such…that… 【易混淆辨析】so…that… 结构中 so 后接形容词或副词；such…that… 结构中 such 后接名词短语，二者均表“如此……以至于……”，但修饰成分不同。 【例句】She is so clever that everyone likes her. 她如此聪明，所有人都喜欢她。 【例句】It is such a fine day that we go out to play. 天气这么好，我们出去玩。 6. above, over, on 【易混淆辨析】above 指在……上方，不强调正上方，无接触；over 指在……正上方，垂直上方，无接触；on 指在……上面，表面接触，三者位置关系和接触情况不同。 【例句】The kite is flying above the hill. 风筝在山上方飞。 There is a lamp over the table. 桌子正上方有一盏灯。 There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有一幅画。 7. regret to do sth, regret doing sth 【易混淆辨析】regret to do sth 表示“遗憾要做某事”，通常用于通知坏消息，动作未做；regret doing sth 表示“后悔做过某事”，对已发生的动作感到后悔。 【例句】I regret to tell you the bad news. 我很遗憾地告诉你这个坏消息。 【例句】She regrets arguing with her mother. 她后悔和妈妈吵架了。 8. hope, wish 【易混淆辨析】hope 多指可以实现的愿望，后接不定式或从句，不接 hope sb to do；wish 多指难以实现的愿望，后可接从句、不定式或 wish sb to do，语气更委婉且常表虚拟。 【例句】I hope to pass the exam. 我希望通过考试。 【例句】I wish I could fly. 我希望我能飞。 1．（2025·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）—Can I_______ your book. Alice? —Sorry, I’ve _______ it to Tom. A．borrow, lent B．borrow, lend C．lend, borrowed 2．（2024·上海·模拟预测）Parents should ________ the fact that we all make mistakes sometimes with their children. A．talk about B．say C．speak D．tell 3．（2025·北京·模拟预测）—Look! The light in the lab is still on. —Oh, I forgot ______ it off before leaving. A．to turn B．turning C．turn D．turned 4.（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）Peter regretted _______ a lie to his mother. A．telling B．told C．to tell D．tells 5．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）All the teachers think that he is _________ good storyteller _________ he will be a good writer in the future. A．so, that B．such a, that C．so a, that D．quite a, that 考点3 重点句型 1. Who’s calling, please? 【重点句型】这是英语电话沟通中最标准、最礼貌的询问句式，专门用于在电话里礼貌询问对方是谁，是电话交际的核心用语。在考试和日常交流中，需要掌握电话用语的固定表达习惯，接电话时介绍自己要用 This is … speaking.，而不能用 I am …，语气正式、得体，适用于所有电话场景。 【例句】Who’s calling, please? This is Lucy speaking. 请问你是哪位？我是露西。 Who’s calling, please? This is my father speaking. 请问你是哪位？我是我爸爸。 2. Here we are. 【重点句型】这是出行、抵达场景的固定常用句型，结构简单、口语性强，专门用于明确告诉他人已经到达目的地，表达“我们到了”。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查在到达某处时能否正确使用该句进行告知，句型无复杂变化，语气自然亲切，是日常出行对话中的高频句子。 【例句】Look, here we are. We are at the bus stop now. 看，我们到了。我们现在在公交车站。 Here we are. This is my school. 我们到了。这是我的学校。 3. Wow! I can hardly believe it! 【重点句型】这是表达强烈惊讶、意外和难以置信的感叹句型，语气强烈、情绪饱满，专门用于对意外发生的事情产生震惊、惊喜等情绪。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查口语中表达惊讶情绪的固定句式，通常用于回应出乎意料的信息，要求能准确理解并运用这类表达情绪的句型。 【例句】Wow! I can hardly believe it! You got the first place. 哇！我简直不敢相信！你得了第一名。 Wow! I can hardly believe it! You are here today. 哇！我简直不敢相信！你今天来了。 4. Come on! 【重点句型】这是口语中使用最灵活、使用频率最高的感叹句之一，可根据语境表达催促、鼓励、不耐烦等不同含义。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查根据上下文判断其具体意思，属于语境理解类重点考点，要求能根据语气和场景判断句子的真实含义。 【例句】Come on! We don’t have much time. 快点！我们没有太多时间了。 Come on! You can do it well. 加油！你可以做好的。 5. Come this way. 【重点句型】这是指路、引导方向的礼貌用语，语气委婉、客气，专门用于为他人指引路线、带领方向。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查接待、指路场景中的礼貌表达，要求在引导他人时使用得体、自然的表达，是情景交际中常用的礼貌句型。 【例句】Come this way, please. I’ll show you the classroom. 这边请。我带你去教室。 Come this way. The library is over there. 这边请。图书馆在那边。 6. It gets crazy in here. 【重点句型】这是用于描述现场环境和气氛的常用句型，表达场所内气氛热烈、嘈杂、拥挤或情绪高涨，侧重对现场状态的客观描述。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查对场景氛围的描述能力，常用于聚会、活动、现场等语境，要求能准确表达现场的热闹或混乱状态。 【例句】The concert is so great. It gets crazy in here. 演唱会太棒了，这里变得很热闹。 When the game starts, it gets crazy in here. 当比赛开始时，这里的气氛变得很热烈。 7. That’s great news! 【重点句型】这是听到好消息时的标准回应句型，语气积极、兴奋、愉悦，专门用于对他人带来的好消息表达开心、赞同和祝福。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查听到喜讯时的正确反应表达，要求能快速、自然地回应好消息，传递积极情绪。 【例句】We can go on a trip. That’s great news! 我们可以去旅行了。真是个好消息！ He will come back. That’s great news! 他要回来了。真是个好消息！ 8. How can I help you? 【重点句型】这是主动向他人提供帮助的礼貌句式，语气亲切、热心、得体，专门用于主动询问对方是否需要帮助。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查服务场景和日常帮助中的礼貌表达，要求能在他人需要时主动提供帮助并使用正确句式。 【例句】You look worried. How can I help you? 你看起来很着急，我能帮你什么吗？ I see you are busy. How can I help you? 我看你很忙，我能帮你什么吗？ 9.  By the way … 【重点句型】这是口语中用于转换话题、补充信息、插入内容的过渡句型，语气自然、不生硬，专门用于在对话中临时补充内容或转移话题。在考试和日常交流中，重点考查语篇衔接能力，要求能在对话中自然过渡、补充信息，让交流更流畅。 【例句】By the way, what’s your phone number? 顺便问一下，你的电话号码是多少？ By the way, do you like English songs? 顺便问一下，你喜欢英文歌吗？ 10. 祈使句 + and + 一般将来时 【重点句型】是中考高频固定句型，结构为祈使句加and，再接一般将来时的句子，表示做某事就会产生某种结果，强调条件和结果的必然联系。 【例句】 Practice more, and you will be better at swimming. 多加练习，你就会更擅长游泳。 Keep trying, and you will succeed one day. 坚持尝试，总有一天你会成功。 1．（2025·黑龙江大庆·三模）—Hello, this is Tina speaking. Is that Sam? —Sorry, he isn’t here at the moment. ________? A．What are you saying to Tina B．Can I take a message C．May I speak to Sam D．Who’s that speaking 2．（2025·湖北武汉·模拟预测）—I can hardly believe it! Bert managed to solve the difficult problem within half an hour. —What a ________ boy! A．brave B．kind C．lazy D．clever 3．（2025·安徽安庆·模拟预测）—The competition is too hard for me. I will certainly lose. —________. You should never say no before you try. A．No way B．Forget it C．I’m sorry D．Come on 4．（25-26九年级上·上海闵行·月考）—How can I help you madam? —________. A．I need your help B．I’d like to buy a car C．Please leave me alone D．Thank you very much 5．（2026·吉林·模拟预测）—My aim is to go to Tsinghua University for further study. —Work hard, ________ you can make it. A．but B．and C．or 考点4 重点语法 一、并列复合句 【语法概述】 并列复合句是由两个或两个以上地位平等、相互独立的简单句，通过并列连词连接而成的句子。各分句之间不存在主从关系，分别表达完整的意思，逻辑关系清晰，是英语中最基础的复合句类型之一，常用于连接并列的动作、状态、结果、选择或转折等。 【用法】 并列复合句的核心是并列连词，根据逻辑关系可分为五大类，不同连词对应不同语义： 1. 表并列关系：and（和、并且），连接两个并列的动作、状态或内容； 2. 表转折关系：but（但是），yet（然而），连接意思相反或相对的内容； 3. 表选择关系：or（或者、否则），连接可供选择的内容，或表示“不做某事会产生后果”； 4. 表因果关系：so（所以），for（因为，补充说明原因），连接原因与结果； 5. 表递进关系：not only...but also...（不仅……而且……），加强语义层次。 【例句】 1. 并列关系：I like reading, and my sister likes drawing. 我喜欢阅读，我的妹妹喜欢画画。 2. 转折关系：He is young, but he knows a lot about history. 他很年轻，但是他懂很多历史知识。 3. 选择关系：Hurry up, or you will be late for school. 快点，否则你上学要迟到了。 4. 因果关系：It rained heavily, so we stayed at home all day. 雨下得很大，所以我们一整天都待在家里。 5. 递进关系：She not only sings well, but also dances beautifully. 她不仅唱歌好听，而且跳舞也很美。 二、宾语从句 【语法概述】 宾语从句是在复合句中充当主句谓语动词、介词或非谓语动词宾语的从句，整体作为句子的宾语成分。宾语从句必须使用陈述语序（主语+谓语），连接词、时态、语序是其核心考点，广泛应用于口语表达和书面写作中。 【用法】 1. 连接词分类（引导宾语从句的三类连接词） （1）从属连词：无词义，不充当成分，that常可省略；if/whether（是否），有词义，不充当成分； （2）连接代词：what（什么）、who/whom（谁）、whose（谁的）、which（哪一个），有词义，在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等； （3）连接副词：when（何时）、where（何地）、why（为什么）、how（如何），有词义，在从句中充当状语。 2. 语序规则 宾语从句必须用陈述语序：连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分，禁止使用疑问语序。 3. 时态呼应规则 （1）主句为一般现在时/将来时：从句时态根据实际情况而定（现在、过去、将来均可）； （2）主句为一般过去时：从句通常用过去的某种时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）； （3）从句表达客观真理、自然现象、固定事实：无论主句什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。 4. 特殊用法 （1）否定转移：主句谓语为think/believe/expect等，从句的否定词要转移到主句上； （2）if与whether区别：介词后、不定式前、or not连用、讨论选择时，只能用whether。 【例句】 1. 用that引导（无词义，可省略）： I think (that) you are right. 我认为你是对的。 She says (that) she will come tomorrow. 她说她明天会来。 2. 用if/whether引导（是否）： I don’t know if/whether he will join us. 我不知道他是否会加入我们。 I wonder whether it will rain or not. 我想知道会不会下雨。 3. 用连接代词引导： Can you tell me what you want? 你能告诉我你想要什么吗？ She asked who broke the window. 她问是谁打破了窗户。 4. 用连接副词引导： Please tell me when we will have the meeting. 请告诉我我们什么时候开会。 He doesn’t know where he can find his key. 他不知道去哪里找他的钥匙。 5. 时态呼应例句： 主句现在时：He knows that I study English hard.（他知道我努力学英语） 主句过去时：He knew that I studied English hard.（他知道我当时努力学英语） 客观真理：The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.（老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转） 6. 否定转移： I don’t think he is honest. 我认为他不诚实。（原句：I think he is not honest.） 1．（2025·江西抚州·模拟预测）The view from the top of Mount Lu is amazing, ________ it draws many tourists every year. A．when B．if C．so D．but 2．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）—Ye Jiaying, the daughter of Chinese classical poetry, left us on November 24th, 2024. —That’s sad, ________ her books and thoughts will continue influencing people who love Chinese poems. A．so B．but C．if D．when 3．（2025·北京西城·一模）I went to bed early last night, ______ I feel great today. A．so B．or C．but D．for 4．（2025·云南昆明·模拟预测）—Don’t be a phubber (低头族). Technology helps us a lot, ________ we shouldn’t allow it to control our lives. —We should take more activities outside to keep healthy. A．until B．because C．unless D．but 5．（2026·甘肃定西·一模）—Could you tell me _________________ in China? —It started in Xi’an. It went through Asia, the Middle East, North Africa and Europe. A．how the Silk Road started B．when the Silk Road started C．why the Silk Road started D．where the Silk Road started 6．（2026·江苏南通·模拟预测）—I think it’s difficult to write the English report in two days. I really don’t know ________. —Plan your time well, and you can make it. A．why I have to do it B．when will I finish it C．how I can do it D．if can I finish it 7．（2026·福建三明·一模）—Do you know ________? —Of course. On November 25th, 2025. A．why the Shenzhou-22 was launched B．how the Shenzhou-22 was launched C．when the Shenzhou-22 was launched 8．（2026·福建福州·一模）—The smart watch can tell parents ________. —This way, parents can quickly find their kids. A．what time it is B．where the kids are C．how do the kids study 9．（2026·四川凉山·模拟预测）—Do you know ________ the 2nd China—Malaysia Bilateral Dialogue on Maritime Issues was held? —In Beijing on November 24, 2025, to deepen maritime cooperation. A．when and where B．what and who C．how and why 10．（2025·云南丽江·一模）— Can you tell me __________? — Sure. I run every morning and play basketball on weekends. A．how you stay healthy B．how do you stay healthy C．when do you exercise D．when you exercise 考查宾语从句语序。宾语从句中必须使用陈述句语序 (主语+谓语)。选项B和C错误地使用了疑问句语序；据回答“I run every morning and play basketball on weekends.”可知，内容描述的是保持健康的方式，而非单纯锻炼时间，因此询问“如何保持健康”更贴合语境。故选A。 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．（2025甘肃张掖三模）I am looking forward to ________(show) my wonderful dancing moves at our party. 2．（2021江苏泰州二模）I havent decided whether ________(accept) his invitation. 3．（2021江苏扬州二模）Life is too short to keep ________about the past failures. (regret) 4．（2020江苏扬州三模）I think there is little chance that robots will take the place of ________(human) in the future. 5．（2022江苏盐城一模）Yuan Longping devoted his whole life to ________(pull) countless people out of hunger. 6．（2025甘肃张掖三模）David is a ________(work) at a car factory. He loves his job. 7．（2024黑龙江三模）I ________(prefer) junk food to healthy food when I was young. So I used to be very fat. 8．（2023江苏扬州三模）Mr Li told us everything ________more on the earth than on Mars because of gravity. (weigh) 9．（2024江苏无锡模拟预测）I knew when he went out last night because I ________(lie) on the bed, awake. 10．（2021江苏无锡二模）On our way to the theater, it was raining so hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it ________(take) to get there. 二、单项选择 11．（2025四川凉山模拟预测）Parents always pay attention to the smallest progress their children make and ________ them. A．take care of B．take after C．take pride in 12．（2025安徽黄山模拟预测）YangBOT is a perfect mix of modern technology and traditional culture, which reminds us true ________ is about respecting the past while moving towards the future. A．progress B．level C．danger D．courage 13．（2025海南三模）This hat looks nice and it fits me well, ________ I take it without thinking. A．but B．or C．so 14．（2025甘肃陇南模拟预测）Do you know what Tom will do for his father? He told me ________ he wanted to buy a present for his father. A．that B．where C．if D．why 15．（2025黑龙江哈尔滨二模）Do you think Jack has the ability to win the race? I never doubt ________ win the race. A．that he will B．whether will he C．whether he will 16．（2026上海黄浦一模）My father walked around his car to see if there was ________ wrong. A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 17．（2025安徽黄山三模）To keep fit, Mr. Smith ________ in the park at least three times every week. A．goes out B．takes out C．puts out D．works out 18．（2025全国模拟预测）Lily hasnt made a ________ on where to spend her summer holiday. She is going to talk about it with her parents tomorrow. A．suggestion B．promise C．decision D．conclusion 19．（2022四川乐山中考真题）Shall we go and see a movie on Sunday? Sorry. Ill have to ________ my younger sister. A．look after B．look for C．look up 20．（2022上海杨浦一模）I dont have much ________ of German history but I think choice A is most likely. A．knowledge B．material C．joke D．interview 三、完形填空 （2026内蒙古呼和浩特一模）Over the past eleven years, Zhu Zhiwen, a Chinese cyclist (自行车手), has been on an amazing journey through 45 countries and places by bike. His strong 21 for cycling and discovery has taken him there. Zhu Zhiwen 22 the idea of travelling around the world during his school days, when he was studying geography. With the spirit and a goal in mind, he 23 about 200,000 yuanand began his first bicycle trip in 2012. From Asia to Africa, from South America to North America, I have experienced 24 cultures and met wonderful people around the world,he said. In Kenya (肯尼亚), Zhu Zhiwen joined several Chinese people to collect money for 25 children, with the purpose of helping those in need. In Ecuador (厄瓜多尔), he 26 Chinese culture to a local friend by cooking Chinese food. He even had the 27 to enjoy polar lights (极光) in Alaska. However, Zhus bicycle trips were not always 28 . He met 29 difficulties during his journey. For example, on his way to the Arctic (北极) in 2020, he faced strong winds and dust storms (沙尘暴) 30 all around. 31 how many difficulties there are, Zhus love for China has only grown stronger and stronger after years of cycling. Its especially true when I find myself in trouble in a foreign land,Zhu says. China is 32 a land of beautiful places and many wonders. 33 an experienced traveller, Zhu has often been asked about the 34 of travel. I believe the best answer lies in enjoying 35 along the way, whether its good or bad.Zhu shares. His words reflect a deep understanding of the joy of travel and the importance of having every experience, whether it brings laughter or tears. 21．A．agreement B．love C．beauty 22．A．came up with B．made an effort C．showed up 23．A．lent B．caught C．raised 24．A．colorful B．daily C．wise 25．A．homeless B．typical C．amazing 26．A．supposed B．produced C．introduced 27．A．coast B．custom C．chance 28．A．valuable B．pleasant C．available 29．A．a number of B．a great deal of C．an amount of 30．A．collecting B．dropping C．blowing 31．A．No wonder B．No matter C．No doubt 32．A．truth B．truly C．true 33．A．Like B．As C．For 34．A．popularity B．sadness C．meaning 35．A．everything B．nothing C．something 四、阅读理解 （2026吉林模拟预测）A Bite of Chinahas become a hot topic of discussion on the Internet in China since it appeared on China Central Television. This TV program is a documentary about traditional Chinese food. The program has more than one hundred million Chinese audiences (观众). Most of them see not only the common food but also the changes in our lives today. And the audiences also have chances to see how hard the cooks and farmers have to work to make such wonderful Chinese food. It shows the taste of Chinese through different ways. It is close to nature, near our life, including customs (风俗), weather, geography, history and our spirits. The director of A Bite of Chinais Chen Xiaoqing. He started taking documentaries in 1991. The memory of taste is the deepest. Many people in China gained success in their lives but they have to be far away from their homes. But they still have a stomach of their hometowns. This is why many people enjoy the program,Chen said. We want to show a real original ecology (原生态) China. A Bite of Chinatalks about food, but it talks more than food. A Bite of Chinatells us from the start of culture to the high level of the spirit, the influence (影响) of the places and the changes of China. Food is the most important part of the development (发展) of Chinese civilization (文明). 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 36．A Bite of Chinais________. A．a movie B．a documentary C．a sports show D．a game show 37．Many people like A Bite of China________. A．because it brings the memory of taste from their hometowns B．because it introduces different kinds of weather around China C．because you can know every travel place all over China D．because it only shows the influence of the places and the changes of China 38．From the program, we can know that________. A．about 100,000 Chinese audiences are interested in this program B．these wonderful Chinese foods are not easy to produce C．the director of the program is Chen Qing D．A Bite of Chinadont have many audiences in China 39．What does the underlined part it talks more than foodmean? A．CCTV can make more money through the program. B．We can know Chinese culture through food. C．What people think of the program is more important. D．The food tastes more delicious. 40．Where can we probably find the passage? A．In a notice. B．In a school play. C．In a newspaper. D．In a poster. （2026广西柳州一模）Whether youre starting a new school, moving to a different area or just want to meet more people, any time is a good time for making new friends.What makes a good friend? If youre doing something fun or facing a challenge, who would you want with you? Having people who support you and make you smile is important. According to psychologist Dr. Eileen Kennedy-Moore, good friendships feel good most of the time and bring out the best in you. As well as having fun, you can trust each other with your private thoughts and feelings. A key sign of a strong bond is mutual (相互的) acceptance. Good friends accept you for who you are, however bad your jokes may be, and they are also loyal, which means they support and stick up for you when others dont.Why are they important? Friendships teach important skills that stay with you. Trying to be a good friend can lead you to talk and explain, rather than shout. When you are with friends, you learn to see things like they do. They also help you understand other peoples feelings, which is called empathy. Whats more, scientists say that having good friends can help you learn and sleep better.How can you make friends? Think about your body language. An easy way to show openness is to smile when you see someone. You could also invite someone to play a game with you, or do something kind, like share a snack. Friendship is a two-way street that grows with time, kindness, and experiences. Start with a smile and see what happens! 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 41．According to the passage, what do good friends do? A．Help you face challenges. B．Accept and support you. C．Play bad jokes on you. 42．What does the underlined word empathymean? A．共情 B．公平 C．慷慨. 43．Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage? A．Friendships teach important skills that stay with you. B．Friendships help you understand other peoples feelings. C．Friendships make you believe everyone around. 44．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．Friendships can help you learn a lot. B．You need to show openness under pressure. C．True friendship is based on being kind. 45．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To explain why making friends is difficult and tell how to make friends. B．To describe the qualities and importance of friendship and how to make friends. C．To tell a story about a psychologists research and show his new discovery. 五、选词填空 （2025四川达州二模）选词填空阅读下面短文，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。 a, high, subject, on, understand, teach, reason, side, one, education History is still a compulsory (必修的) subject at lower levels and students still choose to study it at 46 levels. However, there is 47 ongoing (持续存在的) discussion about whether schools should continue to 48 history. This passage will deal with the arguments that oppose and support teaching history in school, concluding that we should teach history, because the value of the subject goes beyond (超越) the classroom. 49 of all, many students suggest that history is one of the less interesting school 50 and that governments should spend the time and money 51 subjects that are more useful. Some people argue that math and English are more important and they can help us to have a society with a good basic 52 . Other people say that teaching science can move a country forward and benefit the economy. However, when we teach history, we are just looking back at the past. The economic benefits of this area are less obvious. On the other hand, there are several 53 why it is a good idea to teach history. Teaching history is important because students should be able 54 the background of current issues (当前问题) in the news. This will create better-informed citizens. Another reason is that it helps pupils to understand the culture and background of the society they live in. In addition to learning about the past, history teaching can help students to think for themselves. Finally, it also improves studentsreading and writing skills, which can help them become better students. In conclusion (总而言之), though there are clear arguments on both 55 , it seems to me that we should have history classes. I would say the teaching of history helps to create a well-educated generation. 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $