Unit1语法专项课件 不定式 2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册

教学课件 沪教（牛津）英语八年级下册 Unit1语法专项—— 不定式（Infinitives） 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 1.掌握动词不定式 to + 动词原形 的基本结构与含义 2.熟练运用不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语 3.区分带to与省略to的不定式用法 4.能完成填空、选择、句型转换、翻译等多种题型 语法核心：动词不定式 不定式基本结构：to + 动词原形 表示目的、计划、想要、建议、命令等含义 在句中可充当：宾语、宾补、状语、主语等 本单元重点：作宾语、作宾补、表目的、省略to 口诀：不定式，表将来，多目的，多计划 不定式作宾语（动词 + to do） 结构：主语 + 动词 + to do to do 作宾语，说明“想做/计划做/决定做某事” 常见必背动词： want, hope, plan, decide, offer, continue, learn 例句：I want to help others. 例句：She plans to join the club. 不定式作宾语——常用动词表 动词 含义 结构 例句 want 想要 want to do I want to help. hope 希望 hope to do He hopes to win. plan 计划 plan to do They plan to go. decide 决定 decide to do She decided to stay. offer 主动提出 offer to do He offered to help. 小练习（一）不定式作宾语 1.They hope ___________ (visit) the old people. 2.We plan ___________ (hold) a charity show. 3.She decided ___________ (help) the poor kids. 4.He offered ___________ (carry) the box. 5.I want ___________ (do) voluntary work. to visit to hold to help to carry to do 不定式作宾语补足语（动词 + 宾语 + to do） 结构：主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + to do to do 补充说明宾语要做的动作 常见动词： tell, ask, encourage, teach, advise, want 例句：The teacher told us to work hard. 例句：My mum encouraged me to try. 不定式作宾补——常用动词表 动词 含义 结构 例句 tell 告诉 tell sb. to do Tell him to come. ask 要求 ask sb. to do Ask her to wait. encourage 鼓励 encourage sb. to do Encourage him to try. teach 教 teach sb. to do Teach me to swim. advise 建议 advise sb. to do Advise her to stop. 小练习（二）不定式作宾补 1.The teacher asked us ___________ (be) quiet. 2.They encouraged me ___________ (join) the team. 3.My dad taught me ___________ (cook). 4.She advised him ___________ (stop) smoking. 5.I told you ________________ (not touch) it. to be to join to cook to stop not to touch 省略to的不定式（感官/使役动词 + do） 结构：动词 + 宾语 + 动词原形 省略to，只用原形 三类必背： 1.感官动词：see, hear, watch, notice 2.使役动词：let, make 3.help：可加to，也可省略 口诀：一听二看三让半帮助 省略to的动词清单 感官动词（省略to）：see, hear, watch, notice, feel 使役动词（省略to）：let, make 特殊：help (to) do 例句：I saw him go out. 例：She made me laugh. 例：Help me (to) carry it. 省略to vs 带to（对比） 带to：tell/ask/encourage/want/teach/advise 不带to：see/hear/watch/let/make help：两种都对 易错点：make sb. do（不能说to do） 易错点：see sb. do（不能说to do） 小练习（三）省略to的不定式 1.I saw him ___________ (enter) the room. 2.She heard the girl ___________ (cry). 3.Let me ___________ (help) you. 4.He made us ___________ (laugh). 5.Help him ___________ (find) the way. enter cry help laugh (to) find 不定式表目的（to do = in order to do） 结构：句子 + to do 含义：为了…… 表示做某事的目的、意图 可放句末，也可放句首 例句：I study hard to get good grades. 例句：To help others, we work together. 不定式表目的——用法要点 1.表目的：to do = “为了做某事” 2.可放句首：To keep fit, he runs. 3.可放句末：He runs to keep fit. 4.否定：not to do 5.写作高频句型，提升档次 小练习（四）不定式表目的 1.We raise money ___________ (help) poor children. 2.She goes there ___________ (visit) her grandma. 3.He practices every day ___________ (win). 4.I get up early ___________ (catch) the bus. 5.They work hard ___________ (finish) the task. to help to visit to win to catch to finish 不定式否定结构（not to do） 否定式：not to do 位置：not 放在 to 前面 结构： want / hope / decide / tell / ask + not to do 例句：Tell him not to be late. 例句：I hope not to make mistakes. 不定式否定——常见句型 1.tell sb. not to do 告诉某人不做某事 2.ask sb. not to do 要求某人不做某事 3.advise sb. not to do 建议某人不做某事 4.decide not to do 决定不做某事 错误：to not do 正确：not to do 小练习（五）不定式否定 1.Tell him ________________ (not be) noisy. 2.She asked us ________________ (not touch). 3.I decided ________________ (not go) out. 4.He advised her ________________ (not eat) too much. 5.We hope ________________ (not miss) the bus. not to be not to touch not to go not to eat not to miss 综合对比表（必背） 结构 用法 动词示例 动词 + to do 作宾语 want, hope, plan 动词 + sb. + to do 作宾补 tell, ask, encourage 动词 + sb. + do 省略to see, let, make 句子 + to do 表目的 所有动词 综合易错点提醒 看到 let/make/see/hear 一律用原形 看到 tell/ask/encourage 一律用to do 否定一律not to do 表目的一律to do help 可加to，也可不加 综合练习（一）单项选择 1.She wants ________ a volunteer. A. be B. to be C. being 2.The teacher told us ________ quiet. A. be B. to be C. being 3.I saw him ________ the room. A. enter B. to enter C. entering 4.We study hard ________ good grades. A. get B. to get C. getting B B A B 综合练习（二）单项选择 5.Let’s ________ together. A. go B. to go C. going 6.He encouraged me ________ part. A. take B. to take C. taking 7.She decided ________ late. A. not be B. not to be C. to not be 8.Help me ________ the box. A. carry B. to carry C. A and B A B B C 综合练习（三）句型转换 1.I want to help others.（否定句） I ________ ________ ________ help others. 2.She told me to come early.（否定句） She told me ________ ________ ________ early. 3.They went there to visit friends.（提问） ________ ________ they go there? don’t want to not to come Why did 综合练习（四）用所给词填空 1.He hopes ________ (win) the game. 2.We plan ________ (hold) a meeting. 3.She saw him ________ (leave) quickly. 4.Let me ________ (help) you. 5.I went out ________ (buy) some food. to hold leave help to buy to win 综合练习（五）完成句子 1.我们想帮助无家可归的人。 We want ________ ________ homeless people. 2.老师鼓励我们努力学习。 The teacher encouraged us ________ ________ hard. 3.我看见他帮助老人过马路。 I saw him ________ the old man cross the street. to help to study help 综合练习（六）翻译句子 1.我希望成为一名志愿者。 2.他让我不要迟到。 3.我们筹款是为了帮助贫困儿童。 4.我听见她在房间里唱歌。 5.让我们一起帮助别人。 I hope to be a volunteer. He asks/tells me not to be late. We raise money to help poor children. I hear her singing in the room.  Let's help others together. 语法总结（一）不定式作宾语 结构：动词 + to do 常用动词： want, hope, plan, decide, offer, continue, learn 作用：说明“想、计划、决定做某事” 口诀：想要计划决定做，不定式来作宾语 语法总结（二）不定式作宾补 结构：动词 + 宾语 + to do 常用动词： tell, ask, encourage, teach, advise 作用：补充说明宾语的动作 口诀：告诉要求鼓励做，宾补要用to来做 语法总结（三）省略to的不定式 结构：动词 + 宾语 + 原形 必背动词： 感官：see, hear, watch, notice 使役：let, make 特殊：help 口诀：看见听见让你做，省略to要记得 语法总结（四）不定式表目的 结构：句子 + to do 含义：为了…… 位置：句首 / 句末 写作高分句型 口诀：为了达到某目的，句首句末to do记 语法总结（五）否定结构 否定式：not to do 位置：not 在 to 前面 错误：to not do 正确：not to do 所有不定式否定都遵循这一规则 教学课件 Unit1语法专项—— 不定式（Infinitives） Thank you for listening! 33 $