专题04 阅读理解之说明文15篇（济南专用）（中考真题+中考模拟）-2026年济南市中考英语总复习(语法+题型)

专题04 阅读理解之说明文15篇 （济南专用） 内容导航 内容速递 中考真题练习 中考模拟练习 内容速递 本资料共15篇专项训练 中考真题练习 聚焦真题 明确考点 各地市联考真题练习 专注模拟 争夺高分 中考真题练习 Construction (建筑) is one of the biggest users of energy and one of the biggest polluters. According to AI Magazine, construction is responsible for using 38% of world energy. The building part alone takes up almost 55% of final energy use and 33% of greenhouse gases. It’s also well known that steel produces too much material waste in building construction. Because of this big challenge, the future of sustainable (可持续的) construction may lie with AI. AI is able to study building efficiency (效率) performance by grouping data to find the best chances for sustainable material usage. With a tool like AI, the future of sustainable construction could progress much faster than in the past. Besides, AI helps architects (建筑师) work with new tools and sustainable materials to create our better buildings and cities of the future. For example, construction 3D printing guided by AI can offer better choices for building materials to save money, and map out how construction materials could be recycled. In a professional article, AI is praised as a tool for sustainable construction, “In recent years, AI has become a promising tool for construction. AI can examine a large number of data sets on weather conditions and help to make full use of building systems for energy efficiency, water protection and other goals.” AI can be used to speed up the future of sustainable construction to set standards for the industry, and make construction more efficient and affordable. Like any other computer, AI is a tool that is particularly good at studying data sets, but for the moment it still requires smart and ethical (有道德的) human beings to lead its work. All of that has to be done with respect for humans, so it’s really up to us to make it work. 1．How is paragraph 1 developed? A．By listing numbers. B．By telling stories. C．By expressing feelings. D．By making comparisons. 2．How can AI help architects? A．Produce sustainable steel. B．Draw maps of dream cities. C．Invent recyclable 3D printers. D．Choose sustainable materials. 3．Which best explains the underlined word “promising” in paragraph 3? A．Facing challenges. B．Needing improving. C．Taking years to grow. D．Having a bright future. 4．What does the writer suggest in the last paragraph? A．It’s difficult to develop AI. B．Humans’ future depends on AI. C．It’s humans’ duty to guide AI. D．Humans and AI should work together. 5．What is the text mainly about? A．AI recycles construction wastes. B．AI may take the place of architects. C．AI helps sustainable construction. D．AI speeds sustainable development. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍人工智能在建筑业的应用。 1．细节理解题。根据“According to AI Magazine, construction is responsible for using 38% of world energy. The building part alone takes up almost 55% of final energy use and 33% of greenhouse gases.”可知，第一段通过具体数据（如38%、55%、33%）说明建筑业在能源消耗和污染方面的严重性，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“AI is able to study building efficiency (效率) performance by grouping data to find the best chances for sustainable material usage.”可知，人工智能能够通过对数据进行分类分析来研究建筑的能效表现，从而找到最有利于可持续材料使用的最佳方案。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“In recent years, AI has become a promising tool for construction. AI can examine a large number of data sets on weather conditions and help to make full use of building systems for energy efficiency, water protection and other goals.”可知，人工智能能够分析大量有关天气状况的数据，并有助于充分利用建筑系统以实现节能、节水等目标。所以是极具前景，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Like any other computer, AI is a tool that is particularly good at studying data sets, but for the moment it still requires smart and ethical (有道德的) human beings to lead its work. All of that has to be done with respect for humans, so it’s really up to us to make it work.”可知，就像其他任何计算机一样，人工智能也是一种特别擅长处理数据集的工具，但目前它仍需要聪明且有道德意识的人类来引领其工作。所有这些工作都必须以尊重人类为前提，所以实际上要让其发挥作用，还得靠我们自己。由此可知，作者认为引导人工智能是人类的职责所在。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍人工智能在建筑业的应用，选项C“人工智能助力可持续建筑”符合主题，故选C。 中考模拟真题练习 A long, scaly (有鳞的) creature moving alone through the grass — that’s how we usually picture a snake. But a new scientific study could change that image. Snakes can be long. And they’re certainly smooth. But they may not be the loners we thought they were. Scientists Morgan Skinner and Noam Miller led the study. They found that snakes actively search for other snakes to spend time with. Simply put, snakes have friends. “Like us, they seek out social connections,” Skinner told National Geographic. Miller and Skinner did the study at Wilfrid Laurier University, in Canada. They published their study in April 2020, in the journal Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. Their study joins a growing body of research showing that friendships among animals could be more common than we thought. The scientists did an experiment (实验) using 40 eastern garter snakes. This species is often found in the southeastern United States. The snakes were tested for personalities such as boldness and shyness. Scientists then put them into an enclosure, 10 at a time. The enclosure had four little house-like structures in it. For eight days, Miller and Skinner watched the snakes traveling from house to house. Sometimes, they removed a snake from the enclosure, then put it back in a different structure. The researchers noticed something interesting: No matter where they put the snakes, the animals found a way to rejoin their friends. “Snakes have sophisticated (复杂的) social understanding,” Miller says, “They can tell others apart.” “And they’re choosy about whom they socialize with,” Skinner adds. Why would snakes need friends? “It could be for protection. And it may have nothing to do with the reasons humans have friends,” Miller says. In other words, it’s unlikely they’re looking for buddies to play video games with. It’d be hard to hold the controller without hands, anyway. 1．What traditional opinion does the new study challenge? A．Snakes are long and scaly. B．Snakes usually live alone. C．Snakes have smooth bodies. D．Snakes often hide in grass. 2．How are the friendships among animals according to the text? A．Almost impossible. B．The same as humans’. C．Possibly common. D．Stronger than humans’. 3．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A．The method they used in the experiment. B．The process and result of the experiment. C．The living habits of eastern garter snakes. D．The reason why eastern garter snakes were chosen. 4．What can we learn about snakes according to the study? A．They are born with the same personality. B．They make friends mainly by sharing food. C．They prefer living in the wild to the enclosure. D．They have the ability to recognize their friends. 5．Why might snakes make friends according to the text? A．To get protection. B．To learn living skills. C．To get more food. D．To play games together. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文讲述新研究发现蛇并非人们传统认知中的独居动物，它们会主动寻找同伴并拥有社交行为，动物间的友谊可能比我们想象的更普遍。 1．细节理解题。根据“But they may not be the loners we thought they were.”可知，这项新研究挑战了“蛇通常独自生活”的传统观点，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Their study joins a growing body of research showing that friendships among animals could be more common than we thought.”可知，动物之间的友谊可能比我们想象的更普遍，故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“The scientists did an experiment...For eight days, Miller and Skinner watched the snakes traveling from house to house...The researchers noticed something interesting: No matter where they put the snakes, the animals found a way to rejoin their friends.”可知，该段主要讲述了实验的操作过程和最终观察到的结果，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“‘Snakes have sophisticated social understanding,’ Miller says, ‘They can tell others apart.’”可知，蛇有识别同伴的能力，故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“Why would snakes need friends?” “It could be for protection.”可知，蛇交朋友可能是为了获得保护，故选A。 Some people worry that AI tools are making language learning less necessary. More and more people use simple, free tools — not just to translate text, but also to help with speaking. These apps have a conversation way: you talk into your phone, and soon you hear a spoken translation. Other people are not so worried. Most people don’t move to another country, and they don’t have regular (规律的) connections with foreign cultures that would make them work hard to speak a language well. When they go on holiday, they just want to buy a beer and spaghetti without any trouble. Douglas Hofstadter, who knows many languages well, says that something important will be lost when people talk through machines. He talked about giving a difficult speech in Chinese—he made mistakes, and it took a lot of effort. But in the end, he felt satisfied. As AI translation becomes a more popular tool to save time and effort, people can be divided into two groups. One group wants to challenge their minds, learn about other cultures, or make their thinking more active. They will still study languages, and often use technology to help. The other group looks at learning a new language with both respect and confusion. It’s like how some might see hard long-distance sports: “Good for you if you like that, but it seems too tiring for me.” But if we only think about the learner, we forget that language is basically social. It’s a bit like talking about how close relationships are good for your heart — but ignoring (忽略) how valuable those relationships are on their own. When you try to ask for directions in simple Italian, or tell a joke badly in German, you are talking directly to someone. And when you speak a language well enough to tell a story with good timing, or explain small differences in an argument, that connection becomes even stronger. The best relationships don’t need something (like AI) in between. 1．What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A．Talking through apps makes life easy. B．AI helps people learn cultures better. C．Using apps is getting more popular. D．AI tools influence language learning. 2．What does Douglas mainly express? A．He supports learning with AI. B．He prefers traditional learning ways. C．He feels satisfied when speaking Chinese. D．He doubts the effort of learning languages. 3．What might the second group in paragraph 3 do? A．Give up learning new languages. B．Take language learning actively. C．Trust self-ability rather than AI. D．Try to do long-distance sports. 4．How does the writer make his point clear in the last paragraph? A．By giving examples. B．By comparing opinions. C．By listing reasons. D．By giving suggestions. 5．Which of the following might the writer agree with? A．Arguments can make relationships stronger. B．Different languages carry different cultures. C．Learning languages has great social value. D．AI translators are about to be used commonly. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。围绕人工智能翻译工具对语言学习的影响展开，介绍了人们的不同看法，同时强调语言的社交本质和学习语言的社会价值。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Some people worry that AI tools are making language learning less necessary. More and more people use simple, free tools—not just to translate text, but also to help with speaking.”可知，第一段主要讲述了人工智能工具对语言学习产生的影响。故选D。 2．观点态度题。根据“Douglas Hofstadter, who knows many languages well, says that something important will be lost when people talk through machines.”可知，道格拉斯认为通过机器交流将失去一些重要的东西，他更倾向于传统的语言学习方式。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The other group looks at learning a new language with both respect and confusion. It’s like how some might see hard long-distance sports: ‘Good for you if you like that, but it seems too tiring for me.’”可知，第二组人认为学习新语言太累，可能会放弃学习新语言。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“When you try to ask for directions in simple Italian, or tell a joke badly in German, you are talking directly to someone. And when you speak a language well enough to tell a story with good timing, or explain small differences in an argument, that connection becomes even stronger.”可知，作者通过举例子的方式，说明直接使用语言交流能建立更牢固的联系，从而阐明自己的观点。故选A。 5．观点态度题。根据“But if we only think about the learner, we forget that language is basically social... The best relationships don’t need something (like AI) in between.”可知，作者认为语言本质上是社交性的，学习语言具有很大的社会价值。故选C。 In the digital (数字) age, teenagers spend more time than ever on electronic devices (设备)—phones, pads and computers. But have you ever wondered how screen time influences reading speed? A recent study explored this question. Researchers divided a total of 300 middle school students into four groups based on their average (平均的) daily screen time: Group 1 (less than 1 hour), Group 2 (1-2 hours), Group 3 (2-3 hours) and Group 4 (more than 3 hours). Students from different grades and schools were chosen to make the results more scientific. All students were given the same 500-word passages to read, and their reading speed (tested in words per minute, WPM) was recorded. During the test, students were not allowed to use any electronic tools, ask for help, or discuss with their classmates. They were also required to finish reading the passage within 10 minutes. The study showed a clear link between screen time and reading speed. Group 1 had an average reading speed of 180 WPM, while Group 2 reached 155 WPM. Group 3 dropped to 120 WPM, and Group 4 was the slowest at only 90 WPM. Experts explained that long screen time makes people get used to short, fast-paced (快节奏的) information like short videos, which weakens their ability to pay attention to longer, more difficult texts for long periods. This not only slows reading speed but also harms the ability to understand the text’s deeper meaning. However, the study also pointed out that not all screen time is bad for reading skills. Spending 30 to 60 minutes a day reading e-books can actually improve vocabulary and reading fluency (流畅性). The key is to balance screen time with offline reading activities. Teachers and parents are advised to guide students to make reasonable plans for screen time instead of just stopping the use of electronic devices. 1．Why did the researchers choose students from different grades and schools? A．To get more support for the study. B．To make the result believable and fair. C．To let more people be interested in the study. D．To compare students who read at different levels. 2．Which of the following can show the relationship between WPM and daily screen time? A． B． C． D． 3．Why does long screen time slow down reading speed? A．It makes people get used to short and fast information. B．It makes people avoid reading long and difficult texts. C．It takes up much time in understanding the video deeply. D．It makes people lose their interest in watching short videos. 4．How does the writer organize the text? A．By telling a story and explaining a rule. B．By introducing a tool and describing its use. C．By asking a question and presenting a study. D．By comparing two objects and showing the result. 5．What might the writer talk about next? A．Types of electronic devices for students. B．Ways to balance online and offline reading. C．Differences between e-books and paper books. D．Examples of plans with more screen time than reading time. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要通过介绍一项研究，探讨了青少年屏幕时间长短与其阅读速度之间的关系，并分析了原因，同时指出了合理利用屏幕时间的积极作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第2段“Students from different grades and schools were chosen to make the results more scientific.”可知，研究者选择不同年级和学校的学生是为了使结果更科学，即可信且公正。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第3段的研究数据“Group 1... 180 WPM... Group 2... 155 WPM... Group 3... 120 WPM... Group 4... 90 WPM”可知，随着每日屏幕时间的增加，平均阅读速度（WPM）呈现下降趋势。图表应能体现这种负相关关系。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第3段“Experts explained that long screen time makes people get used to short, fast-paced information... which weakens their ability to pay attention to longer, more difficult texts for long periods.”可知，长时间面对屏幕会使人们习惯于短平快的信息，从而削弱其长时间专注阅读较长、较难文本的能力，导致阅读速度下降。故选A。 4．细节理解题。文章首段以提问“But have you ever wondered how screen time influences reading speed?”引入话题，随后通过“A recent study explored this question.”引出对一项研究的具体介绍。因此，作者是通过提出一个问题并呈现一项研究来组织文章的。故选C。 5．推理判断题。文章结尾提出关键是要平衡屏幕时间与线下阅读活动，并建议教师和家长引导学生制定合理计划。因此，作者接下来最有可能讨论的是平衡线上与线下阅读的方法。故选B。 China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they will be surprised at the warmth that they will receive as guests. When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks (小吃) like biscuits and candy. Someone in the family will also chat with you, never letting you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat (款待) their guests with a big meal. They always prepare more food than the guest can eat and the guest must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surprises a Western guest most is that the Chinese host likes to pick food for visitors, which won’t happen at Western tables. The Chinese family goes out of their way to make you feel at home. As you are done eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius (孔子) said thousands of years ago: ▲ 1．What does the underlined word “hospitable” mean in this passage? A．Happy B．Hard-working C．Honest D．Friendly 2．As a guest in a Chinese family, you are usually offered ________ by the host. A．tea and snacks B．juice and cakes C．coffee and candies D．milk and chocolates 3．Why does a Western visitor feel surprised when the host picks food for him? A．Because he thinks it’s not polite. B．Because it won’t happen in Western countries. C．Because he thinks it’s not necessary. D．Because he doesn’t want to eat it. 4．What the Chinese family does for the guests is to ________. A．make them feel uncomfortable B．show their wealth C．make them feel at home D．make them surprised 5．Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ in the last paragraph? A．“What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.” B．“Keep what you say and carry out what you do.” C．“Isn’t it pleasant to learn and timely review what has been learned?” D．“Is it not a pleasure to meet friends coming from far places?” 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国是礼仪之邦，中国人热情好客的传统，以及中国家庭招待外国客人的具体方式和相关文化内涵。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they will be surprised at the warmth that they will receive as guests.”可知，中国人待客热情友好，“hospitable”意为“好客的”。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks like biscuits and candy.”可知，主人通常会提供茶和小吃。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Perhaps one of the things that surprises a Western guest most is that the Chinese host likes to pick food for visitors, which won’t happen at Western tables.”可知，这在西方国家不会发生。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“The Chinese family goes out of their way to make you feel at home.”可知，中国家庭所做的是让客人有宾至如归的感觉。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据前文“Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition.”以及孔子的名言语境，“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？”最符合待客友好的主题。故选D。 ①Have you ever been amazed by a 3-year-old’s endless “why” questions? “It’s time for your bath” “Why?” Because we wash before bed. “Why?” To stay clean. “Why?” Because dirty beds make you sick! “Why?” “Um... because I say so!” “But why?” This simple talk shows how natural curiosity (好奇心) starts early. Young children learn the world through questions. They want to understand everything around them. ②However, many of us lose this natural curiosity as we grow up. As teenagers, we face pressures from schoolwork, family rules, and society. Social media (社交媒体) also fills our minds with quick information, leaving little time for deep thinking. We stop asking “why” and start following daily life instead. ③And some people still have a wrong idea. They feel that curiosity is only for children or not useful for grown-ups. They believe that putting all hearts into work is much more important. As a matter of fact, curiosity is never too old. It is a helpful way to keep learning and growing, no matter our age. ④Let’s talk about “intellectual (智力的) curiosity” It means a strong wish to learn and understand new things. Unlike the careless curiosity of childhood (like touching hot water), it is purposeful. It drives us to read books, ask questions, and find answers. For example, instead of just using a mobile phone, an intellectually curious person might wonder how it works and try to learn about its technology. ⑤Studies show that intellectual curiosity has many good points. In school, students who ask questions and get a deeper understanding usually get better grades. They also learn to solve problems and welcome challenges. In daily life, being curious about others’ opinions and feelings helps build better friendships. When we take time to listen and understand why someone thinks differently, we will have fewer arguments and become closer. ⑥So, how can we bring back this curiosity? Start by asking simple questions every day: “How does this recipe work?” “Why did my friend act that way?” “What can I learn from this experience?” By making curiosity a habit, we open doors to new knowledge, better relationships, and a more exciting life. Never stop wondering--because the world is full of answers waiting for your “why”! 1．What is the main purpose of paragraph 1? A．To show young children can be worried. B．To explain why parents like children. C．To show natural curiosity begins early. D．To list kids’ most common questions. 2．Which of the following is NOT a reason given for losing curiosity as people grow up? A．The quick information from social media. B．The short of interesting things to learn about. C．The pressures of schoolwork and family rules. D．The belief that curiosity is not helpful for adults. 3．The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 refers to “________”. A．childhood curiosity B．intellectual curiosity C．a strong wish D．a mobile phone 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A．Example ①→Problem ②→Explanation ③④⑤→Advice ⑥ B．Discussion ①②→Meaning ③→Example ④→Solution ⑤⑥ C．Fact ①→Problem ②③→Meaning ④⑤→Advice ⑥ D．Question ①→Argument ②③④→Result ⑤→Ending ⑥ 5．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Raising a Curious Child: A Guide for Parents B．Childhood Curiosity: Understanding Its Importance C．Intellectual Curiosity: The Key to Growing up D．Curiosity: Differences Between Childhood and Adulthood 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文探讨了好奇心的演变与价值，指出儿童时期的自然好奇心在成长中因学业、社交媒体等因素而减弱；但智力好奇心具有目的性，能促进学习、解决问题和人际关系，并建议通过日常提问重拾好奇心，以实现终身成长。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Have you ever been amazed by a 3-year-old’s endless ‘why’ questions?…”可知，第一段通过3岁孩子不断问“为什么”的例子，引出“This simple talk shows how natural curiosity starts early.”，所以目的是展示天生的好奇心很早就开始了。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“As teenagers, we face pressures from schoolwork, family rules, and society. Social media (社交媒体) also fills our minds with quick information,”及“They feel that curiosity is. only for children or not useful for grown-ups.”可知，第二段提到失去好奇心的原因有：学业压力、家规、社交媒体快速信息（A、C选项），第三段补充成人认为好奇心无用（D选项）；但B选项缺乏有趣事物在文中从未提及。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据④段中“Let’s talk about ‘intellectual curiosity.’ It means a strong wish to learn and understand new things.”可知，“It”指代前句提到的intellectual curiosity“智力好奇心”。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。根据①段通过例子引出“好奇心早期自然存在”的事实；②③段指出成长中失去好奇心的问题及错误观念；④⑤段解释“智力好奇心”的含义和益处；⑥段给出找回好奇心的建议。结构为“事实①→问题②③→解释④⑤→建议⑥”。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。文章围绕“智力好奇心”展开，强调其对学习成长和人际关系的重要性，呼吁将好奇心养成习惯。选项C“智力好奇心：成长的关键”最能概括主题。故选C。 On Mount Tai in Shandong province, a litter-collecting robot dog has recently been broadcasting (播报) voice messages to remind tourists to protect the environment. By using the latest technology and learning from the experiences of other scenic areas (景区), we believe the most useful solution (解决办法) is robot dog transport, according to a staff member from the Taishan Cultural Tourism Group’s property company (公司). Since July, the company has worked with a number of factories, finally choosing Hangzhou-based Unitree Robotics to do litter transport tests together in the Mount Tai scenic area. Jin Da, marketing manager at Unitree Robotics, said that the robot dog, the Unitree B2 industrial four-legged robot, has excellent ability to walk on the steps, keeping balance even on wet or difficult ground, and shows great balance while climbing the mountain. It also has great abilities to easily get over barriers (障碍物) like log piles and platforms as high as 40 centimeters. Additionally, the robot dog has a battery (电池) life of four to six hours when fully charged and can carry a weight of up to 120 kilograms, he said. After three days of testing, the robot dog was able to get used to over 80 percent of the road conditions in the scenic area. The successful climb of the robot dog shows its usefulness under difficult conditions, providing valuable experience and data support for future uses in other areas. “We are still in the testing stage, and we will further improve the design to start the next round of testing as soon as possible,” Jin said. 1．What influence does the robot dog have on the public? A．It drew a lot of people to Mount Tai. B．It reminds people to protect the environment. C．It helps people learn about technology. D．It often hurts tourists on Mount Tai. 2．What makes the Taishan Cultural Tourism Group’s property company decide to use the robot dog? A．The robot dog’s abilities in litter collection. B．It’s much cheaper to use robot dogs. C．The experience of other scenic areas using similar technology. D．The company’s partnership with Hangzhou-based Unitree Robotics. 3．Which of the following are the robot dog’s abilities? a. It can climb the mountain. b. It can prevent itself from being stopped by a stone. c. It can work more than 6 hours. d. It can hold 120 kg. A．a, c, d B．b, c, d C．a, b, d D．a, b, c 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．The robot dog can not walk on the steps. B．The company will put the robot into other areas. C．The robot dog can climb Mount Tai successfully. D．The robot dog has saved some people’s lives. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The use of a robot dog for collecting litter in scenic areas. B．The invention of a robot dog in Shandong. C．The improvement of tourist experiences by using technology. D．The importance of the environmental protection on Mount Tai. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了在山东泰山景区，一只收集垃圾的机器狗被用来提醒人们保护环境，它具有很多能力，如在台阶上行走、爬山等，并且还在测试阶段，未来可能会在其他地区使用。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ a litter-collecting robot dog has recently been broadcasting (播报) voice messages to remind tourists to protect the environment.”可知，机器狗对人们的影响是提醒人们保护环境。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ By using the latest technology and learning from the experiences of other scenic areas (景区)”可知，泰山文旅集团的物业公司决定使用机器狗是因借鉴其他景区使用类似技术的经验。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ has excellent ability to walk on the steps, keeping balance even on wet or difficult ground, and shows great balance while climbing the mountain.”；文章第五段“ It also has great abilities to easily get over barriers (障碍物) like log piles and platforms as high as 40 centimeters.”，“ the robot dog has a battery (电池) life of four to six hours ”以及“when fully charged and can carry a weight of up to 120 kilograms,”可知，a、b、d正确，c错误。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“ The successful climb of the robot dog shows its usefulness under difficult conditions, providing valuable experience and data support for future uses in other areas……可知，该公司将会把机器狗投入到其他地区。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了在山东泰山景区，一只机器狗被用来收集垃圾。故选A。 Is there a way to quickly recall information just before taking an exam? Walking backwards might be a solution. Scientists from the University of Roehampton in the UK said this activity can help people improve their short-term memory. Researchers asked 114 volunteers to watch a video. After watching the video, they were divided into three groups. One group was told to walk 10 meters forward. The second group walked 10 meters backward. The third group stood in one place. All three groups were then asked 20 questions about what they saw in the video. The scientists found that the backward-walking group got two more answers correct on average than the other two groups. This suggests that the connection between the concepts (概念) of time and space is important for how our minds form memories. “Time is actually shown through space,” Aleksandar Aksentijevic, who led the study, told the Daily Mail. When you walk backward, you see things from a different point compared to walking forward. This difference helps people recall things that happened in the past. And walking backward is not just good for the brain. It is also good for the rest of the body. Compared to walking forward, walking backward is more challenging. This can help us improve our fitness, says New Scientist. Walking backward uses more energy in a short time and burns more calories. In addition, walking backward is less stressful for our knees. It could be helpful for people who often have pain in their knees, according to researchers from the University of Oregon in the US. Walking backward also keeps our spines (脊柱) strong, which can help to ease (缓解) pain in the lower back. This might be why many old people like walking backward. 1．What does “This activity” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Improving memory. B．Taking an exam. C．Walking backward. D．Recalling information. 2．What’s the purpose of Paragraph 2? A．To introduce a useful and helpful way of walking. B．To explain why walking backward improves memory. C．To show who can answer more questions correctly. D．To describe how the scientists did their research. 3．According to New Scientist, what’s the advantage of walking backward? A．It helps people remember information easily. B．It allows people to see things in a new way. C．It makes people healthy and uses more energy. D．It can ease pain in people’s knees and backs. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Walking backward is becoming a popular way to lose weight. B．Walking backward can be helpful for people in many ways. C．Walking backward for 10 meters every day is good for your health. D．Memories are formed when we do challenging activities. 5．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A story book. B．A film review. C．A guidebook. D．A science magazine. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了倒走对提升记忆力、改善身体健康等多方面的益处，并通过科学实验验证了相关结论。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Walking backwards might be a solution. Scientists from the University of Roehampton in the UK said this activity can help people improve their short-term memory.”可知，倒着走可能是个解决办法，“这项活动”可以帮助人们改善短期记忆。因此“this activity”指代的是“Walking backward”。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段详细描述了科学家如何招募志愿者、分组实验并测试的过程，目的是介绍研究的具体方法。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“New Scientist”的描述：“This can help us improve our fitness... Walking backward uses more energy in a short time and burns more calories.”可知，倒走能提升体能、消耗更多能量，从而让人更健康。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章介绍了倒走在提升记忆力、改善体能、保护关节等多方面的好处，B选项“倒走在很多方面对人有益”最能概括全文。故选B。 5．推理判断题。文章内容是关于倒走的科学研究及健康益处，属于科普类内容，最可能来自科学杂志。故选D。 Some dogs and other pets are not very good-looking. We might even call them “ugly.” But these animals can still make us love them. Why is that? Every year in June, in Petaluma, California, there is a special contest called the World’s Ugliest Dog Competition. Experts look at dogs with funny faces, crooked teeth, big eyes, and messy hair. They choose the winner. The dogs in this contest are not beautiful, but they touch the hearts of people who love animals all over the world. Pictures of funny-looking pets are also very popular on the Internet. So, why do we find these strange animals so interesting and lovely? Scientists say one reason is connected to “evolution (进化).” A long time ago, an Austrian scientist named Konrad Lorenz studied this. He found that people are naturally attracted to baby-like features (特点), such as big eyes, large heads, and soft bodies. This feeling helps make sure adults take good care of babies. In 1943, Lorenz named these features the “baby schema.” Animals like blobfish, pugs, and bulldogs all have these baby-like features. When we see them, we feel a natural wish to care for and protect them. This is one reason why we think they are cute even if they are not pretty. There are other reasons too. Some “ugly-cute” animals, like the blobfish or the naked mole rat, live in very difficult places. Scientists study them to learn how their bodies work. This study can sometimes help find new ways to treat human sicknesses like cancer or heart problems. However, loving “ugly-cute” pets can also be a problem. Animal doctors tell people not to choose dogs with very flat faces. Why? Because these dogs, like pugs and French bulldogs, often have serious health problems. They are born with short noses, so they often have trouble breathing. They can also have skin and eye problems easily. So, while big eyes and wrinkly faces on pets can make us happy and smile, we should also think carefully. Is it right to love a pet that might be sick because of how it looks? It’s important to remember that every pet needs to be healthy and happy. 1．What do we know about “baby schema”? A．It means how baby animals act. B．It makes people buy more pet food. C．It helps adults know who babies are. D．It makes people want to protect something. 2．Why do scientists study animals like the blobfish and naked mole rat? A．To train them for tasks in dangerous environments. B．To discover possible human health treatments. C．To study their special health problems. D．To find out if they can be pets for patients. 3．Why do animal doctors warn people not to raise flat-faced dogs? A．They have special eating habits. B．They are expensive to care for. C．They don’t have baby-like features. D．They often have health problems. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．The World’s Ugliest Dog Competition is held in South Africa. B．”Baby schema” refers to ugly dogs’ physical problems. C．The flat-faced dogs often have breathing and eye problems. D．All “ugly-cute” animals live in very difficult environments. 5．Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text? A．Why we love “ugly-cute” animals B．How “ugly-cute” animals can help us C．How to train “ugly-cute” animals D．What “ugly-cute” animals have in common 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，解释了人们为什么会喜欢“丑萌”的动物，同时也提醒人们关注这类动物可能存在的健康问题。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“He found that people are naturally attracted to baby-like features... This feeling helps make sure adults take good care of babies.”可知，“婴儿图式（baby schema）”会让人们产生想要保护的欲望。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“Scientists study them to learn how their bodies work. This study can sometimes help find new ways to treat human sicknesses like cancer or heart problems.”可知，科学家研究水滴鱼、裸鼹鼠是为了探索人类疾病的潜在治疗方法。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“Because these dogs, like pugs and French bulldogs, often have serious health problems. They are born with short noses, so they often have trouble breathing. They can also have skin and eye problems easily.”可知，兽医不建议养扁脸狗是因为它们通常有严重的健康问题。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据文中“They are born with short noses, so they often have trouble breathing. They can also have skin and eye problems easily.”可知，扁脸狗确实经常有呼吸和眼部问题。A选项“世界最丑狗大赛在南非举办”错误，实际在美国加州；B选项“婴儿图式指丑狗的身体缺陷”错误，是指婴儿般的特征；D选项“所有丑萌动物都生活在恶劣环境中”表述绝对化，仅部分动物如此。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。文章开篇提出“Why is that?”，并全文围绕人们喜欢“丑萌”动物的原因展开，同时补充了相关的健康提醒。故选A。 Deep under the Pacific Ocean lie coral reefs colored by some algae that live with corals. Corals usually provide nitrogen (氮) to algae, and in return, they get carbon (碳), which gives them energy. In the early 1980s, a huge heat wave (浪潮) turned more than 90 percent of these corals a pale, lifeless white. And it was believed that about 50 percent of reefs with beautiful corals might disappear by 2030. Heat waves warmed up the same Pacific waters in the late 1990s and again in 2015—2016, but scientists noticed that these heat waves didn’t influence the reefs as badly as the first. Maybe corals have found a way to adapt (适应). Swimming to cooler waters is not a good choice for corals, for it makes them easily hurt by the changing world. But corals are able to adapt. Some turn to those algae that can deal well with heat. Others can use rows of tiny hairs on their bodies to “fan” away too much harmful oxygen produced by stressed algae. Certain baby corals change their own metabolisms (新陈代谢) in order to fight the warming waters. But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree. After studying and understanding these adaptations, scientists are trying to find ways to help corals fight. If researchers can make corals accept algae that can deal with heat pressure or if they use genes that can deal with it, this will raise the corals’ chance of living through future ocean heat waves. “When I go down to the sea and see a beautiful, healthy reef with these colorful corals, I feel the pleasure of being in this underwater world,” a famous scientist says. “It will be really sad to see it die. But that does drive you to want to use your skills and your love to help fight.” 1．What can we know from paragraph 1? A．Corals help algae become colorful. B．Algae offer a home to corals. C．Corals and algae depend on each other. D．Algae produce nitrogen for corals. 2．What do the underlined words “the first” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．The heat wave in the late 1990s. B．The heat wave in the early 1980s. C．The Pacific waters in 2015—2016. D．The reefs’ disappearance by 2030. 3．What makes it hard for corals to live in warmer waters? A．They can’t adapt completely. B．Changing metabolisms costs too much. C．Helpful algae live too far away. D．Their self- protection is getting weaker. 4．What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Healthy reefs bring joy to scientists. B．The underwater world is in danger. C．Personal skills are key to scientific research. D．We should take action to protect corals. 5．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Scientists and Corals B．The Disappearing Coral Reefs C．The Life of Coral Reefs D．Corals Fight against Warm Waters 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了太平洋海底珊瑚礁的生存状况：珊瑚与藻类互利共生，热浪曾威胁其生存，但珊瑚逐渐进化出适应高温的方式，科学家也在研究帮助珊瑚应对热浪的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Corals usually provide nitrogen to algae, and in return they get carbon”可知，珊瑚和藻类是相互依存的关系。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据前文“In the early 1980s, a huge heat wave…turned more than 90 percent of these corals pale”，后文“these heat waves didn’t influence the reefs as badly as the first”中的“the first”指代的是1980年代初的那次热浪。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree”可知，珊瑚的适应能力有限，无法完全适应变暖的海水，这让它们生存困难。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“When I go down to the sea and see a beautiful healthy reef with these colorful corals, I feel the pleasure of being in this underwater world…It will be really sad to see it die. But that does drive you to want to use your skills and your love to help fight”可知，科学家表达了对珊瑚的喜爱，并呼吁用技能和行动来保护它们。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。文章围绕“珊瑚如何应对海水变暖（热浪）”展开，包括受威胁的历史、自身的适应方式、科学家的帮助措施，因此最佳标题是“Corals Fight against Warm Waters”。故选D。 An old saying used for forecasting (预测) the weather says, “Red sky at night, good news for sailors (水手). Red sky in the morning, sailors take warning.” What makes it interesting is that this saying, based on long experience, actually holds some scientific truth. When the sky turns red at sunset, it often means that clear weather is coming from the west. However, a red sky at sunrise, which usually follows a clear night, may suggest that storms are moving in. Weather forecasting, which has been an important human practice for thousands of years, dates back to the 5th century BC when the Greeks used natural signs to guide sailors. Today, however, meteorologists depend on scientific tools to study global weather conditions and make predictions much earlier. These forecasts, important for everyone from pilots to farmers, help people make smart choices, and now most of us can get them simply by checking a phone or watching TV. If you are interested in reading weather signs from nature, here are some useful tips. One basic rule to remember is that weather systems generally move from west to east. Another is that low air pressure usually brings rain or snow. Therefore, by paying attention to certain signs, one can make simple predictions. For example, if a rainbow appears in the west at sunrise, sunny weather is likely to follow. Also, because smells travel more easily in wet air, flowers often have a stronger scent (香味) before rain. Animals offer clues too. For example. ants moving to higher ground or birds flying low can both signal a drop in air pressure. This drop can influence birds’ hearing, which may explain why they fly low. So, the next time you admire a red sky at night, you can be fairly confident that the next day will be fine for being outdoors. 1．What is the old saying about? A．The night sky. B．The signs of the weather. C．The sailors’ work. D．The beauty of morning. 2．What does the underlined word “meteorologists” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Weather scientists. B．Animal watchers. C．Plant and animal lovers. D．TV weather reporters. 3．How is paragraph 2 developed? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By telling a story. D．By making a comparison. 4．Which might be a sign of rain coming? A．Birds are flying very high. B．Ants are moving up to higher places. C．A rainbow stays in the west at noon. D．Flowers often need more water before rain. 5．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A．To ask us to love and protect nature. B．To teach us to be weather reporters. C．To tell us how nature gives weather signs. D．To explain why weather forecasts are important. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了天气预测的相关内容：包括一句关于天气的古老谚语，天气预测的发展，以及自然中可用于判断天气的各类迹象（如彩虹、气味、动物行为等）。 1．细节理解题。根据“An old saying used for forecasting the weather says…”可知，这句古老谚语是关于天气迹象的。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“depend on scientific tools to study global weather conditions and make predictions”可知，“meteorologists”是研究天气的科学家，即气象学家。故选A。 3．推理判断题。第二段对比了“古代天气预测（靠自然迹象）”和“现代天气预测（靠科学工具）”的差异，是通过“区分不同”的方式展开的。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“ants moving to higher ground... both signal a drop in air pressure（预示气压下降）”可知，蚂蚁向高处移动是降雨的迹象。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了自然中能预示天气的各类迹象（谚语、彩虹、气味、动物行为等），目的是告诉我们“大自然如何给出天气信号”。故选C。 China’s Tiangong Space Station has become an important space laboratory for scientific research. It has already hosted animals such as zebrafish and fruit flies, and is now preparing to welcome a new guest—the planarian (扁形虫). This kind of worm is famous for its amazing ability to regenerate lost body parts. Soon, some cut pieces of planarians will be sent into space to study how they grow back in a microgravity (微重力) environment. Scientists have chosen planarians because of their special regenerative ability. Even when cut into very small pieces, each piece can grow into a complete worm, including a new skin, eyes, and even a brain. Researchers want to understand how space conditions affect this process. By observing them in space, they hope to learn more about how cells repair and regrow. This knowledge could help develop new treatments for human diseases in the future. Besides planarians, the space station is also conducting research on zebrafish. These small fish first arrived at Tiangong in April 2024. What makes them especially useful for space research is that they share 87% of their genes with humans. This genetic similarity helps scientists study health problems that may affect astronauts during long space missions. Earlier this year, four zebrafish lived in space for 43 days, setting a record as the longest-living fish in space. Fruit flies have also been studied on Tiangong. These tiny insects help scientists learn how microgravity affects growth and development. Because they reproduce quickly, researchers can observe changes across several generations in a short time. In the near future, China plans to send mice to the space station for more advanced research. Since mice have biological systems similar to humans, the results could provide important information for future long-term space exploration, such as missions to the Moon or Mars. Through these experiments (实验), scientists aim to overcome the challenges of living in space and ensure astronauts can stay healthy during long journeys. The research done on Tiangong is not only about exploring space—it may also lead to new medical discoveries that benefit people on Earth. 1．What animal is Tiangong Space Station preparing to welcome? A．The zebrafish. B．The fruit fly. C．The planarian. D．The mice. 2．What does the underlined word “regenerate” mean in Paragraph 1? A．To move quickly. B．To grow back. C．To become smaller. D．To change colors. 3．Why are zebrafish useful for space research? A．Because they can repair and regrow really fast. B．Because they can live longer than any other animal. C．Because they are easy to feed in the space environment. D．Because they share most of their genes with humans. 4．What is suggested about the animals chosen for Tiangong experiments? A．They are chosen for their unique characteristics. B．They are picked mainly to break living records. C．They all reproduce very fast for science studies. D．They have the ability to grow back lost body parts. 5．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A storybook. B．A modern poem. C．A business ad. D．A science magazine. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文介绍天宫空间站开展的多项动物实验，包括扁形虫、斑马鱼等，研究太空环境影响，为航天探索和医学发展提供支持。 1．细节理解题。根据“is now preparing to welcome a new guest—the planarian (扁形虫)”可知，天宫空间站正准备迎接扁形虫，故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“This kind of worm is famous for its amazing ability to regenerate lost body parts. Soon, some cut pieces of planarians will be sent into space to study how they grow back in a microgravity (微重力) environment.”可知,提到将被切割的扁形虫碎片送入太空，研究它们在微重力环境下如何重新生长，这是对前文扁形虫特殊能力的进一步说明，由此可以推断出“regenerate”的意思和“grow back”一致，即“重新生长、再生”，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“What makes them especially useful for space research is that they share 87% of their genes with humans.”可知，斑马鱼对太空研究有用是因为它们和人类有大部分基因相似，故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据文中提到扁形虫的再生能力、斑马鱼的基因相似度、果蝇繁殖快的特点可知，这些实验动物都因自身特殊的身体特质被选中，故选A。 5．推理判断题。全文介绍天宫空间站的动物实验及科学研究价值，文章很可能出自科学杂志，故选D。 In recent years, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) has become a popular topic online, especially among young people. It is a personality test that gives a result made up of four letters, leading to one of 16 possible personality types. Among these, the first letter is either “I” for introverted (内向的) or “E” for extroverted (外向的), which are among the most discussed personality traits. It is commonly believed that people who are “I” persons may still behave in outgoing ways depending on the situation. For instance, when introverts spend time with close friends who are also introverted, they might become more active and social, like an “E” person. Psychologists (心理学家) explain this behavior through the concept of “masking (伪装)”, which means hiding one’s true personality in certain social situations. As the Master Class website points out, people have a natural desire to belong to a group, so they sometimes act like people-pleasers to fit in. While using MBTI types to describe someone can be entertaining, it is important not to over analyze the results. For example, one young woman was happily creating a detailed travel plan when someone commented that she didn’t seem like a “P” person—since “P” stands for “perceiving” and is often associated with flexibility (灵活性) rather than strict planning. She responded, “Why should I let a personality test tell me what to do?” Her reaction served as a reminder that we should not take the test too seriously. The MBTI test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun way to break the ice when meeting new people. However, it is essential to remember that these four letters do not fully define a person. Personalities are complex and can change in different environments. After all, everyone is unique, and no test can capture the complete nature of a person. In conclusion, the MBTI test might offer some insight into one’s character, but it is only for fun. It should not be used to judge others or limit ourselves. What truly matters is how we understand and respect each other beyond any labels. 1．What does the first letter in the MBTI result stand for? A．Intelligent or Emotional. B．Introverted or Extroverted. C．Interesting or Easygoing. D．Independent or Experienced. 2．According to paragraph 2, which of the following behaviors belongs to “masking”? A．A singer shows his true feelings in his own songs. B．A teacher is really patient when helping students. C．A student acts like he enjoys music to join an art club. D．A child shares his favorite toys with friends happily. 3．How does the author explain the idea in paragraph 2? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By using scientific data. D．By asking questions. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the example of the young woman in paragraph 3? A．She was not good at making travel plans at all. B．People should follow MBTI results to do things. C．“P” persons are always bad at making detailed plans. D．She thought MBTI results should not control her behavior. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．There are 16 different results of the MBTI test. B．Introverts have similar behaviors to extroverts. C．People shouldn’t take MBTI results too seriously. D．MBTI can help people understand each other better. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了MBTI性格测试的流行与相关现象，指出该测试仅为娱乐，不应过度解读或被其定义或限制。 1．细节理解题。根据“Among these, the first letter is either ‘I’ for introverted (内向的) or ‘E’ for extroverted (外向的)”可知，MBTI结果的第一个字母代表内向或外向，故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Psychologists (心理学家) explain this behavior through the concept of ‘masking (伪装)’, which means hiding one’s true personality in certain social situations.”和“people have a natural desire to belong to a group, so they sometimes act like people-pleasers to fit in”可知，伪装是指在特定社交场合隐藏真实性格以融入群体，选项C中“学生为了加入艺术俱乐部表现得好像喜欢音乐”符合这一描述，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“For instance, when introverts spend time with close friends who are also introverted, they might become more active and social, like an ‘E’ person.”可知，作者通过举例来解释第二段的观点，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据她的回应“Why should I let a personality test tell me what to do?”可知，她认为MBTI结果不应该控制自己的行为，故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是“it is important not to over analyze the results”和“we should not take the test too seriously”可知，文章主要表达人们不应过度认真地对待MBTI测试结果，故选C。 Does this sound familiar? A workmate asks, “What are you up to this weekend?” You tell her you’re not sure. She replies with her own exciting plan. “I’m going to my lake house to have a big party.” I call this “boomerasking”. Like a boomerang, boomeraskers ask a question, let their partner answer and then immediately bring the focus of the conversation back to themselves. They try to both show interest in their partner and disclose (透露) something about themselves, but they fail to achieve either goal. We know it is good to show interest in our partners during conversations in many ways—by asking questions, supporting a different opinion, or saying something that relates to what the other person just said. However, self-centredness is tricky to outrun. As humans, we mostly think about our own viewpoint. Between 40% and 60% of what people say in conversations is about themselves-their feelings, opinions, and personal experiences. On social media, it’s even worse—80% of communication is self-related. For many people, self-disclosure simply feels great. A willingness to open up to others is an important sign of liking and closeness: it shows that you trust someone to know things about you. It’s also the primary way people shape how others think of them. By carefully choosing what to share, we try to seem kind, smart, confident and interesting in our partners’ eyes. And we show off or complain, hoping to receive admiration or understanding. Still, we recognise that social rules discourage overly self-centred behaviour and try to deal with this problem with some indirect habits. People who want others to admire them might pretend (假装) to complain while actually showing off, like saying, “I’m tired from all the interviews about my new book.” Others wanting to seem higher position might give mixed praise, like “Your ideas were pretty good, for a beginner.” But compared with these ways we try to hide our self-centredness, boomerasking may be worse because it reduces the benefits of asking questions. Asking heartfelt questions, listening to others’ answers and following up on those answers may be the easiest and most powerful pathway to shared understanding and interpersonal connection. Boomerasking breaks the magic. Failing to follow up on your partner’s answer, and answering the question yourself instead, makes others feel like you don’t care about them. So don’t boomerask! When another person shares their views, focus on them. We should all aim to be more interested in our partners before we go back to proving how interesting we are ourselves. 1．Which of the following is an example of boomerasking according to the passage? A．Your friend asks “Did you enjoy the movie?” and listens carefully to your answer. B．Your classmate asks “What did you do on vacation?” then says “I traveled to Australia—it was amazing!” C．Your teacher asks “How did you finish the homework?” and helps you solve problems in your answer. D．Your parent asks “Do you like your new school?” then says “I hope you can make more friends there.” 2．The words “tricky to outrun” in Paragraph 3 probably mean “________”. A．hard to shake off B．unusual to see C．pleasant to accept D．simple to deal with 3．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．boomerasking balances caring about others and opening up B．self-centredness is unwelcome even when expressed indirectly C．mixed praise is a straight and honest way to express admiration D．it’s wise to shape others’ opinions by sharing a lot about yourself 4．Why does the writer say boomerasking is worse than other indirect self-centred ways? A．It makes people talk more about themselves on social media. B．It stops people from getting the benefits of asking questions. C．It makes people pretend to complain while showing off. D．It makes people give mixed praise to others. 5．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To guide people in building interesting conversations. B．To prove the effect of self-centredness in conversations. C．To encourage better listening and replying in conversations. D．To explore the reasons for people’s showing off in conversations. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对话中一种以自我为中心的行为——“回旋提问”，分析了其成因、表现形式及负面影响，并倡导人们在交流中多关注对方。 1．细节理解题。根据“Like a boomerang, boomeraskers ask a question, let their partner answer and then immediately bring the focus of the conversation back to themselves.”可知，“回旋提问”的模式是：提出问题→让对方回答→立刻将话题焦点拉回到自己身上。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“However, self-centredness is tricky to outrun. As humans, we mostly think about our own viewpoint.”可知，然而，自我中心主义是难以摆脱的。作为人类，我们大多考虑自己的观点。结合后文数据也说明人们谈论自己的比例很高，因此“tricky to outrun”应表示“难以摆脱/摆脱”。 故选A。 3．推理判断题。 根据“Still, we recognise that social rules discourage overly self-centred behaviour and try to deal with this problem with some indirect habits...But compared with these ways we try to hide our self-centredness, boomerasking may be worse...”可知，社会规则不鼓励过度自我中心的行为，人们试图用间接习惯来处理这个问题（如假装抱怨实为炫耀、给出混合赞美等），但回旋提问更糟。由此可推知，作者认为即使是间接表达的自我中心主义也不受欢迎。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“But compared with these ways we try to hide our self-centredness, boomerasking may be worse because it reduces the benefits of asking questions.”可知，回旋提问比其他间接的自我中心方式更糟糕，因为它削弱了提问的好处。故选B。 5．推理判断题。通读全文，特别是最后两段“Asking heartfelt questions, listening to others’ answers and following up on those answers may be the easiest and most powerful pathway...So don’t boomerask! When another person shares their views, focus on them. We should all aim to be more interested in our partners...”可知，作者在分析了“回旋提问”的问题后，最终旨在倡导人们在对话中真诚提问、倾听并回应对方，即鼓励在对话中更好地倾听和回应。故选C。 From friendship to work stress, more Chinese people are now using AI tools like DeepSeek to talk about their problems. They share feelings with the chatbot (聊天机器人) and get warm advice. This is called “AI therapy (疗愈)”, which is becoming popular online. But can robots really replace human therapists? Around the world, 45 percent of people who needed mental (心理的) health care in 2024 did not get it because it was too expensive or there weren’t enough doctors, according to Huntington Psychological Services. Daniel Lowd, an associate professor (副教授) at the University of Oregon, believes AI could help fill this gap. “If people can find some support and ideas by talking to ChatGPT or chatbot, then I think that’s wonderful,” Lowd told Newsweek. Li Yong, a doctor at the Jiangsu Provincial Hospital, agreed with Lowd, saying that AI meets people’s needs for emotional (情绪上的) support to a point. However, AI has its limits. Human therapists understand feelings deeply through face-to-face talks and create personalized treatment (个性化治疗) plans—something robots can’t fully copy. Another problem is safety. AI might act like a therapist without proper training or rules. It can’t be as responsible as human therapists. Experts believe the key to safe AI therapy is strict government control. For example, Wysa, an AI mental health app, follows strict medical standards in the UK. As AI becomes part of daily life, finding a balance (平衡) between its benefits and risks is important. While AI offers quick help, human connection remains irreplaceable for serious emotional needs. 1．What is “AI therapy”? A．Making friends with an AI chatbot. B．Looking for comfort from a chatbot. C．Using AI tools in our daily lives. D．Treating illnesses with the help of AI. 2．Why did 45 percent of people who needed mental (心理的) health care in 2024 not get therapy? A．Because the doctors lack patience. B．Because they didn’t need to be treated. C．Because they could not afford it. D．The passage didn’t mention the reason. 3．What problems can chatbots solve according to Daniel Lowd? A．Not enough time to relax. B．The high cost of going to hospitals. C．The great need for mental health care. D．Disappearing relationships between people. 4．What is a problem with AI chatbots according to the passage? A．They cannot offer different treatment plans. B．They don’t receive proper training. C．They cannot take responsibility for their advice. D．They might steal job opportunities from human therapists. 5．What do experts think about “AI therapy”? A．It brings more risks than benefits. B．It is good but needs strong control. C．It will totally change the healthcare industry. D．People shouldn’t depend too much on AI chatbots. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了“AI疗愈”的兴起及其优缺点，包括AI在心理健康领域的辅助作用、局限性以及专家对其安全性的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“They share feelings with the chatbot (聊天机器人) and get warm advice. This is called ‘AI therapy’”可知，人们通过与聊天机器人分享情感并获得建议的行为被称为“AI疗愈”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Around the world, 45 percent of people who needed mental (心理的) health care in 2024 did not get it because it was too expensive or there weren’t enough doctors”可知，45%的人因费用过高或医生不足而未能获得心理健康护理，即他们负担不起。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Around the world, 45 percent of people who needed mental (心理的) health care in 2024 did not get it because it was too expensive or there weren’t enough doctors, according to Huntington Psychological Services. Daniel Lowd, an associate professor (副教授) at the University of Oregon, believes AI could help fill this gap.”可知，Daniel Lowd认为AI能缓解心理健康护理资源不足的问题，由此推知，聊天机器人可以解决“对心理健康护理的巨大需求”这一问题。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“It can’t be as responsible as human therapists.”可知，AI无法像人类治疗师一样对其建议负责。故选C。 5．观点态度题。根据文章最后一段“Experts believe the key to safe AI therapy is strict government control.”可知，专家认为人工智能疗愈很好，但是需要严格管控。故选B。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解之说明文15篇 （济南专用） 内容导航 内容速递 中考真题练习 中考模拟练习 内容速递 本资料共15篇专项训练 中考真题练习 聚焦真题 明确考点 各地市联考真题练习 专注模拟 争夺高分 中考真题练习 Construction (建筑) is one of the biggest users of energy and one of the biggest polluters. According to AI Magazine, construction is responsible for using 38% of world energy. The building part alone takes up almost 55% of final energy use and 33% of greenhouse gases. It’s also well known that steel produces too much material waste in building construction. Because of this big challenge, the future of sustainable (可持续的) construction may lie with AI. AI is able to study building efficiency (效率) performance by grouping data to find the best chances for sustainable material usage. With a tool like AI, the future of sustainable construction could progress much faster than in the past. Besides, AI helps architects (建筑师) work with new tools and sustainable materials to create our better buildings and cities of the future. For example, construction 3D printing guided by AI can offer better choices for building materials to save money, and map out how construction materials could be recycled. In a professional article, AI is praised as a tool for sustainable construction, “In recent years, AI has become a promising tool for construction. AI can examine a large number of data sets on weather conditions and help to make full use of building systems for energy efficiency, water protection and other goals.” AI can be used to speed up the future of sustainable construction to set standards for the industry, and make construction more efficient and affordable. Like any other computer, AI is a tool that is particularly good at studying data sets, but for the moment it still requires smart and ethical (有道德的) human beings to lead its work. All of that has to be done with respect for humans, so it’s really up to us to make it work. 1．How is paragraph 1 developed? A．By listing numbers. B．By telling stories. C．By expressing feelings. D．By making comparisons. 2．How can AI help architects? A．Produce sustainable steel. B．Draw maps of dream cities. C．Invent recyclable 3D printers. D．Choose sustainable materials. 3．Which best explains the underlined word “promising” in paragraph 3? A．Facing challenges. B．Needing improving. C．Taking years to grow. D．Having a bright future. 4．What does the writer suggest in the last paragraph? A．It’s difficult to develop AI. B．Humans’ future depends on AI. C．It’s humans’ duty to guide AI. D．Humans and AI should work together. 5．What is the text mainly about? A．AI recycles construction wastes. B．AI may take the place of architects. C．AI helps sustainable construction. D．AI speeds sustainable development. 中考模拟真题练习 A long, scaly (有鳞的) creature moving alone through the grass — that’s how we usually picture a snake. But a new scientific study could change that image. Snakes can be long. And they’re certainly smooth. But they may not be the loners we thought they were. Scientists Morgan Skinner and Noam Miller led the study. They found that snakes actively search for other snakes to spend time with. Simply put, snakes have friends. “Like us, they seek out social connections,” Skinner told National Geographic. Miller and Skinner did the study at Wilfrid Laurier University, in Canada. They published their study in April 2020, in the journal Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. Their study joins a growing body of research showing that friendships among animals could be more common than we thought. The scientists did an experiment (实验) using 40 eastern garter snakes. This species is often found in the southeastern United States. The snakes were tested for personalities such as boldness and shyness. Scientists then put them into an enclosure, 10 at a time. The enclosure had four little house-like structures in it. For eight days, Miller and Skinner watched the snakes traveling from house to house. Sometimes, they removed a snake from the enclosure, then put it back in a different structure. The researchers noticed something interesting: No matter where they put the snakes, the animals found a way to rejoin their friends. “Snakes have sophisticated (复杂的) social understanding,” Miller says, “They can tell others apart.” “And they’re choosy about whom they socialize with,” Skinner adds. Why would snakes need friends? “It could be for protection. And it may have nothing to do with the reasons humans have friends,” Miller says. In other words, it’s unlikely they’re looking for buddies to play video games with. It’d be hard to hold the controller without hands, anyway. 1．What traditional opinion does the new study challenge? A．Snakes are long and scaly. B．Snakes usually live alone. C．Snakes have smooth bodies. D．Snakes often hide in grass. 2．How are the friendships among animals according to the text? A．Almost impossible. B．The same as humans’. C．Possibly common. D．Stronger than humans’. 3．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A．The method they used in the experiment. B．The process and result of the experiment. C．The living habits of eastern garter snakes. D．The reason why eastern garter snakes were chosen. 4．What can we learn about snakes according to the study? A．They are born with the same personality. B．They make friends mainly by sharing food. C．They prefer living in the wild to the enclosure. D．They have the ability to recognize their friends. 5．Why might snakes make friends according to the text? A．To get protection. B．To learn living skills. C．To get more food. D．To play games together. Some people worry that AI tools are making language learning less necessary. More and more people use simple, free tools — not just to translate text, but also to help with speaking. These apps have a conversation way: you talk into your phone, and soon you hear a spoken translation. Other people are not so worried. Most people don’t move to another country, and they don’t have regular (规律的) connections with foreign cultures that would make them work hard to speak a language well. When they go on holiday, they just want to buy a beer and spaghetti without any trouble. Douglas Hofstadter, who knows many languages well, says that something important will be lost when people talk through machines. He talked about giving a difficult speech in Chinese—he made mistakes, and it took a lot of effort. But in the end, he felt satisfied. As AI translation becomes a more popular tool to save time and effort, people can be divided into two groups. One group wants to challenge their minds, learn about other cultures, or make their thinking more active. They will still study languages, and often use technology to help. The other group looks at learning a new language with both respect and confusion. It’s like how some might see hard long-distance sports: “Good for you if you like that, but it seems too tiring for me.” But if we only think about the learner, we forget that language is basically social. It’s a bit like talking about how close relationships are good for your heart — but ignoring (忽略) how valuable those relationships are on their own. When you try to ask for directions in simple Italian, or tell a joke badly in German, you are talking directly to someone. And when you speak a language well enough to tell a story with good timing, or explain small differences in an argument, that connection becomes even stronger. The best relationships don’t need something (like AI) in between. 1．What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A．Talking through apps makes life easy. B．AI helps people learn cultures better. C．Using apps is getting more popular. D．AI tools influence language learning. 2．What does Douglas mainly express? A．He supports learning with AI. B．He prefers traditional learning ways. C．He feels satisfied when speaking Chinese. D．He doubts the effort of learning languages. 3．What might the second group in paragraph 3 do? A．Give up learning new languages. B．Take language learning actively. C．Trust self-ability rather than AI. D．Try to do long-distance sports. 4．How does the writer make his point clear in the last paragraph? A．By giving examples. B．By comparing opinions. C．By listing reasons. D．By giving suggestions. 5．Which of the following might the writer agree with? A．Arguments can make relationships stronger. B．Different languages carry different cultures. C．Learning languages has great social value. D．AI translators are about to be used commonly. In the digital (数字) age, teenagers spend more time than ever on electronic devices (设备)—phones, pads and computers. But have you ever wondered how screen time influences reading speed? A recent study explored this question. Researchers divided a total of 300 middle school students into four groups based on their average (平均的) daily screen time: Group 1 (less than 1 hour), Group 2 (1-2 hours), Group 3 (2-3 hours) and Group 4 (more than 3 hours). Students from different grades and schools were chosen to make the results more scientific. All students were given the same 500-word passages to read, and their reading speed (tested in words per minute, WPM) was recorded. During the test, students were not allowed to use any electronic tools, ask for help, or discuss with their classmates. They were also required to finish reading the passage within 10 minutes. The study showed a clear link between screen time and reading speed. Group 1 had an average reading speed of 180 WPM, while Group 2 reached 155 WPM. Group 3 dropped to 120 WPM, and Group 4 was the slowest at only 90 WPM. Experts explained that long screen time makes people get used to short, fast-paced (快节奏的) information like short videos, which weakens their ability to pay attention to longer, more difficult texts for long periods. This not only slows reading speed but also harms the ability to understand the text’s deeper meaning. However, the study also pointed out that not all screen time is bad for reading skills. Spending 30 to 60 minutes a day reading e-books can actually improve vocabulary and reading fluency (流畅性). The key is to balance screen time with offline reading activities. Teachers and parents are advised to guide students to make reasonable plans for screen time instead of just stopping the use of electronic devices. 1．Why did the researchers choose students from different grades and schools? A．To get more support for the study. B．To make the result believable and fair. C．To let more people be interested in the study. D．To compare students who read at different levels. 2．Which of the following can show the relationship between WPM and daily screen time? A． B． C． D． 3．Why does long screen time slow down reading speed? A．It makes people get used to short and fast information. B．It makes people avoid reading long and difficult texts. C．It takes up much time in understanding the video deeply. D．It makes people lose their interest in watching short videos. 4．How does the writer organize the text? A．By telling a story and explaining a rule. B．By introducing a tool and describing its use. C．By asking a question and presenting a study. D．By comparing two objects and showing the result. 5．What might the writer talk about next? A．Types of electronic devices for students. B．Ways to balance online and offline reading. C．Differences between e-books and paper books. D．Examples of plans with more screen time than reading time. China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they will be surprised at the warmth that they will receive as guests. When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks (小吃) like biscuits and candy. Someone in the family will also chat with you, never letting you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat (款待) their guests with a big meal. They always prepare more food than the guest can eat and the guest must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surprises a Western guest most is that the Chinese host likes to pick food for visitors, which won’t happen at Western tables. The Chinese family goes out of their way to make you feel at home. As you are done eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius (孔子) said thousands of years ago: ▲ 1．What does the underlined word “hospitable” mean in this passage? A．Happy B．Hard-working C．Honest D．Friendly 2．As a guest in a Chinese family, you are usually offered ________ by the host. A．tea and snacks B．juice and cakes C．coffee and candies D．milk and chocolates 3．Why does a Western visitor feel surprised when the host picks food for him? A．Because he thinks it’s not polite. B．Because it won’t happen in Western countries. C．Because he thinks it’s not necessary. D．Because he doesn’t want to eat it. 4．What the Chinese family does for the guests is to ________. A．make them feel uncomfortable B．show their wealth C．make them feel at home D．make them surprised 5．Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ in the last paragraph? A．“What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.” B．“Keep what you say and carry out what you do.” C．“Isn’t it pleasant to learn and timely review what has been learned?” D．“Is it not a pleasure to meet friends coming from far places?” ①Have you ever been amazed by a 3-year-old’s endless “why” questions? “It’s time for your bath” “Why?” Because we wash before bed. “Why?” To stay clean. “Why?” Because dirty beds make you sick! “Why?” “Um... because I say so!” “But why?” This simple talk shows how natural curiosity (好奇心) starts early. Young children learn the world through questions. They want to understand everything around them. ②However, many of us lose this natural curiosity as we grow up. As teenagers, we face pressures from schoolwork, family rules, and society. Social media (社交媒体) also fills our minds with quick information, leaving little time for deep thinking. We stop asking “why” and start following daily life instead. ③And some people still have a wrong idea. They feel that curiosity is only for children or not useful for grown-ups. They believe that putting all hearts into work is much more important. As a matter of fact, curiosity is never too old. It is a helpful way to keep learning and growing, no matter our age. ④Let’s talk about “intellectual (智力的) curiosity” It means a strong wish to learn and understand new things. Unlike the careless curiosity of childhood (like touching hot water), it is purposeful. It drives us to read books, ask questions, and find answers. For example, instead of just using a mobile phone, an intellectually curious person might wonder how it works and try to learn about its technology. ⑤Studies show that intellectual curiosity has many good points. In school, students who ask questions and get a deeper understanding usually get better grades. They also learn to solve problems and welcome challenges. In daily life, being curious about others’ opinions and feelings helps build better friendships. When we take time to listen and understand why someone thinks differently, we will have fewer arguments and become closer. ⑥So, how can we bring back this curiosity? Start by asking simple questions every day: “How does this recipe work?” “Why did my friend act that way?” “What can I learn from this experience?” By making curiosity a habit, we open doors to new knowledge, better relationships, and a more exciting life. Never stop wondering--because the world is full of answers waiting for your “why”! 1．What is the main purpose of paragraph 1? A．To show young children can be worried. B．To explain why parents like children. C．To show natural curiosity begins early. D．To list kids’ most common questions. 2．Which of the following is NOT a reason given for losing curiosity as people grow up? A．The quick information from social media. B．The short of interesting things to learn about. C．The pressures of schoolwork and family rules. D．The belief that curiosity is not helpful for adults. 3．The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 refers to “________”. A．childhood curiosity B．intellectual curiosity C．a strong wish D．a mobile phone 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A．Example ①→Problem ②→Explanation ③④⑤→Advice ⑥ B．Discussion ①②→Meaning ③→Example ④→Solution ⑤⑥ C．Fact ①→Problem ②③→Meaning ④⑤→Advice ⑥ D．Question ①→Argument ②③④→Result ⑤→Ending ⑥ 5．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Raising a Curious Child: A Guide for Parents B．Childhood Curiosity: Understanding Its Importance C．Intellectual Curiosity: The Key to Growing up D．Curiosity: Differences Between Childhood and Adulthood On Mount Tai in Shandong province, a litter-collecting robot dog has recently been broadcasting (播报) voice messages to remind tourists to protect the environment. By using the latest technology and learning from the experiences of other scenic areas (景区), we believe the most useful solution (解决办法) is robot dog transport, according to a staff member from the Taishan Cultural Tourism Group’s property company (公司). Since July, the company has worked with a number of factories, finally choosing Hangzhou-based Unitree Robotics to do litter transport tests together in the Mount Tai scenic area. Jin Da, marketing manager at Unitree Robotics, said that the robot dog, the Unitree B2 industrial four-legged robot, has excellent ability to walk on the steps, keeping balance even on wet or difficult ground, and shows great balance while climbing the mountain. It also has great abilities to easily get over barriers (障碍物) like log piles and platforms as high as 40 centimeters. Additionally, the robot dog has a battery (电池) life of four to six hours when fully charged and can carry a weight of up to 120 kilograms, he said. After three days of testing, the robot dog was able to get used to over 80 percent of the road conditions in the scenic area. The successful climb of the robot dog shows its usefulness under difficult conditions, providing valuable experience and data support for future uses in other areas. “We are still in the testing stage, and we will further improve the design to start the next round of testing as soon as possible,” Jin said. 1．What influence does the robot dog have on the public? A．It drew a lot of people to Mount Tai. B．It reminds people to protect the environment. C．It helps people learn about technology. D．It often hurts tourists on Mount Tai. 2．What makes the Taishan Cultural Tourism Group’s property company decide to use the robot dog? A．The robot dog’s abilities in litter collection. B．It’s much cheaper to use robot dogs. C．The experience of other scenic areas using similar technology. D．The company’s partnership with Hangzhou-based Unitree Robotics. 3．Which of the following are the robot dog’s abilities? a. It can climb the mountain. b. It can prevent itself from being stopped by a stone. c. It can work more than 6 hours. d. It can hold 120 kg. A．a, c, d B．b, c, d C．a, b, d D．a, b, c 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．The robot dog can not walk on the steps. B．The company will put the robot into other areas. C．The robot dog can climb Mount Tai successfully. D．The robot dog has saved some people’s lives. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The use of a robot dog for collecting litter in scenic areas. B．The invention of a robot dog in Shandong. C．The improvement of tourist experiences by using technology. D．The importance of the environmental protection on Mount Tai. Is there a way to quickly recall information just before taking an exam? Walking backwards might be a solution. Scientists from the University of Roehampton in the UK said this activity can help people improve their short-term memory. Researchers asked 114 volunteers to watch a video. After watching the video, they were divided into three groups. One group was told to walk 10 meters forward. The second group walked 10 meters backward. The third group stood in one place. All three groups were then asked 20 questions about what they saw in the video. The scientists found that the backward-walking group got two more answers correct on average than the other two groups. This suggests that the connection between the concepts (概念) of time and space is important for how our minds form memories. “Time is actually shown through space,” Aleksandar Aksentijevic, who led the study, told the Daily Mail. When you walk backward, you see things from a different point compared to walking forward. This difference helps people recall things that happened in the past. And walking backward is not just good for the brain. It is also good for the rest of the body. Compared to walking forward, walking backward is more challenging. This can help us improve our fitness, says New Scientist. Walking backward uses more energy in a short time and burns more calories. In addition, walking backward is less stressful for our knees. It could be helpful for people who often have pain in their knees, according to researchers from the University of Oregon in the US. Walking backward also keeps our spines (脊柱) strong, which can help to ease (缓解) pain in the lower back. This might be why many old people like walking backward. 1．What does “This activity” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Improving memory. B．Taking an exam. C．Walking backward. D．Recalling information. 2．What’s the purpose of Paragraph 2? A．To introduce a useful and helpful way of walking. B．To explain why walking backward improves memory. C．To show who can answer more questions correctly. D．To describe how the scientists did their research. 3．According to New Scientist, what’s the advantage of walking backward? A．It helps people remember information easily. B．It allows people to see things in a new way. C．It makes people healthy and uses more energy. D．It can ease pain in people’s knees and backs. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Walking backward is becoming a popular way to lose weight. B．Walking backward can be helpful for people in many ways. C．Walking backward for 10 meters every day is good for your health. D．Memories are formed when we do challenging activities. 5．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A story book. B．A film review. C．A guidebook. D．A science magazine. Some dogs and other pets are not very good-looking. We might even call them “ugly.” But these animals can still make us love them. Why is that? Every year in June, in Petaluma, California, there is a special contest called the World’s Ugliest Dog Competition. Experts look at dogs with funny faces, crooked teeth, big eyes, and messy hair. They choose the winner. The dogs in this contest are not beautiful, but they touch the hearts of people who love animals all over the world. Pictures of funny-looking pets are also very popular on the Internet. So, why do we find these strange animals so interesting and lovely? Scientists say one reason is connected to “evolution (进化).” A long time ago, an Austrian scientist named Konrad Lorenz studied this. He found that people are naturally attracted to baby-like features (特点), such as big eyes, large heads, and soft bodies. This feeling helps make sure adults take good care of babies. In 1943, Lorenz named these features the “baby schema.” Animals like blobfish, pugs, and bulldogs all have these baby-like features. When we see them, we feel a natural wish to care for and protect them. This is one reason why we think they are cute even if they are not pretty. There are other reasons too. Some “ugly-cute” animals, like the blobfish or the naked mole rat, live in very difficult places. Scientists study them to learn how their bodies work. This study can sometimes help find new ways to treat human sicknesses like cancer or heart problems. However, loving “ugly-cute” pets can also be a problem. Animal doctors tell people not to choose dogs with very flat faces. Why? Because these dogs, like pugs and French bulldogs, often have serious health problems. They are born with short noses, so they often have trouble breathing. They can also have skin and eye problems easily. So, while big eyes and wrinkly faces on pets can make us happy and smile, we should also think carefully. Is it right to love a pet that might be sick because of how it looks? It’s important to remember that every pet needs to be healthy and happy. 1．What do we know about “baby schema”? A．It means how baby animals act. B．It makes people buy more pet food. C．It helps adults know who babies are. D．It makes people want to protect something. 2．Why do scientists study animals like the blobfish and naked mole rat? A．To train them for tasks in dangerous environments. B．To discover possible human health treatments. C．To study their special health problems. D．To find out if they can be pets for patients. 3．Why do animal doctors warn people not to raise flat-faced dogs? A．They have special eating habits. B．They are expensive to care for. C．They don’t have baby-like features. D．They often have health problems. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．The World’s Ugliest Dog Competition is held in South Africa. B．”Baby schema” refers to ugly dogs’ physical problems. C．The flat-faced dogs often have breathing and eye problems. D．All “ugly-cute” animals live in very difficult environments. 5．Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text? A．Why we love “ugly-cute” animals B．How “ugly-cute” animals can help us C．How to train “ugly-cute” animals D．What “ugly-cute” animals have in common Deep under the Pacific Ocean lie coral reefs colored by some algae that live with corals. Corals usually provide nitrogen (氮) to algae, and in return, they get carbon (碳), which gives them energy. In the early 1980s, a huge heat wave (浪潮) turned more than 90 percent of these corals a pale, lifeless white. And it was believed that about 50 percent of reefs with beautiful corals might disappear by 2030. Heat waves warmed up the same Pacific waters in the late 1990s and again in 2015—2016, but scientists noticed that these heat waves didn’t influence the reefs as badly as the first. Maybe corals have found a way to adapt (适应). Swimming to cooler waters is not a good choice for corals, for it makes them easily hurt by the changing world. But corals are able to adapt. Some turn to those algae that can deal well with heat. Others can use rows of tiny hairs on their bodies to “fan” away too much harmful oxygen produced by stressed algae. Certain baby corals change their own metabolisms (新陈代谢) in order to fight the warming waters. But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree. After studying and understanding these adaptations, scientists are trying to find ways to help corals fight. If researchers can make corals accept algae that can deal with heat pressure or if they use genes that can deal with it, this will raise the corals’ chance of living through future ocean heat waves. “When I go down to the sea and see a beautiful, healthy reef with these colorful corals, I feel the pleasure of being in this underwater world,” a famous scientist says. “It will be really sad to see it die. But that does drive you to want to use your skills and your love to help fight.” 1．What can we know from paragraph 1? A．Corals help algae become colorful. B．Algae offer a home to corals. C．Corals and algae depend on each other. D．Algae produce nitrogen for corals. 2．What do the underlined words “the first” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．The heat wave in the late 1990s. B．The heat wave in the early 1980s. C．The Pacific waters in 2015—2016. D．The reefs’ disappearance by 2030. 3．What makes it hard for corals to live in warmer waters? A．They can’t adapt completely. B．Changing metabolisms costs too much. C．Helpful algae live too far away. D．Their self- protection is getting weaker. 4．What’s the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Healthy reefs bring joy to scientists. B．The underwater world is in danger. C．Personal skills are key to scientific research. D．We should take action to protect corals. 5．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Scientists and Corals B．The Disappearing Coral Reefs C．The Life of Coral Reefs D．Corals Fight against Warm Waters An old saying used for forecasting (预测) the weather says, “Red sky at night, good news for sailors (水手). Red sky in the morning, sailors take warning.” What makes it interesting is that this saying, based on long experience, actually holds some scientific truth. When the sky turns red at sunset, it often means that clear weather is coming from the west. However, a red sky at sunrise, which usually follows a clear night, may suggest that storms are moving in. Weather forecasting, which has been an important human practice for thousands of years, dates back to the 5th century BC when the Greeks used natural signs to guide sailors. Today, however, meteorologists depend on scientific tools to study global weather conditions and make predictions much earlier. These forecasts, important for everyone from pilots to farmers, help people make smart choices, and now most of us can get them simply by checking a phone or watching TV. If you are interested in reading weather signs from nature, here are some useful tips. One basic rule to remember is that weather systems generally move from west to east. Another is that low air pressure usually brings rain or snow. Therefore, by paying attention to certain signs, one can make simple predictions. For example, if a rainbow appears in the west at sunrise, sunny weather is likely to follow. Also, because smells travel more easily in wet air, flowers often have a stronger scent (香味) before rain. Animals offer clues too. For example. ants moving to higher ground or birds flying low can both signal a drop in air pressure. This drop can influence birds’ hearing, which may explain why they fly low. So, the next time you admire a red sky at night, you can be fairly confident that the next day will be fine for being outdoors. 1．What is the old saying about? A．The night sky. B．The signs of the weather. C．The sailors’ work. D．The beauty of morning. 2．What does the underlined word “meteorologists” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Weather scientists. B．Animal watchers. C．Plant and animal lovers. D．TV weather reporters. 3．How is paragraph 2 developed? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By telling a story. D．By making a comparison. 4．Which might be a sign of rain coming? A．Birds are flying very high. B．Ants are moving up to higher places. C．A rainbow stays in the west at noon. D．Flowers often need more water before rain. 5．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A．To ask us to love and protect nature. B．To teach us to be weather reporters. C．To tell us how nature gives weather signs. D．To explain why weather forecasts are important. China’s Tiangong Space Station has become an important space laboratory for scientific research. It has already hosted animals such as zebrafish and fruit flies, and is now preparing to welcome a new guest—the planarian (扁形虫). This kind of worm is famous for its amazing ability to regenerate lost body parts. Soon, some cut pieces of planarians will be sent into space to study how they grow back in a microgravity (微重力) environment. Scientists have chosen planarians because of their special regenerative ability. Even when cut into very small pieces, each piece can grow into a complete worm, including a new skin, eyes, and even a brain. Researchers want to understand how space conditions affect this process. By observing them in space, they hope to learn more about how cells repair and regrow. This knowledge could help develop new treatments for human diseases in the future. Besides planarians, the space station is also conducting research on zebrafish. These small fish first arrived at Tiangong in April 2024. What makes them especially useful for space research is that they share 87% of their genes with humans. This genetic similarity helps scientists study health problems that may affect astronauts during long space missions. Earlier this year, four zebrafish lived in space for 43 days, setting a record as the longest-living fish in space. Fruit flies have also been studied on Tiangong. These tiny insects help scientists learn how microgravity affects growth and development. Because they reproduce quickly, researchers can observe changes across several generations in a short time. In the near future, China plans to send mice to the space station for more advanced research. Since mice have biological systems similar to humans, the results could provide important information for future long-term space exploration, such as missions to the Moon or Mars. Through these experiments (实验), scientists aim to overcome the challenges of living in space and ensure astronauts can stay healthy during long journeys. The research done on Tiangong is not only about exploring space—it may also lead to new medical discoveries that benefit people on Earth. 1．What animal is Tiangong Space Station preparing to welcome? A．The zebrafish. B．The fruit fly. C．The planarian. D．The mice. 2．What does the underlined word “regenerate” mean in Paragraph 1? A．To move quickly. B．To grow back. C．To become smaller. D．To change colors. 3．Why are zebrafish useful for space research? A．Because they can repair and regrow really fast. B．Because they can live longer than any other animal. C．Because they are easy to feed in the space environment. D．Because they share most of their genes with humans. 4．What is suggested about the animals chosen for Tiangong experiments? A．They are chosen for their unique characteristics. B．They are picked mainly to break living records. C．They all reproduce very fast for science studies. D．They have the ability to grow back lost body parts. 5．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A storybook. B．A modern poem. C．A business ad. D．A science magazine. In recent years, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) has become a popular topic online, especially among young people. It is a personality test that gives a result made up of four letters, leading to one of 16 possible personality types. Among these, the first letter is either “I” for introverted (内向的) or “E” for extroverted (外向的), which are among the most discussed personality traits. It is commonly believed that people who are “I” persons may still behave in outgoing ways depending on the situation. For instance, when introverts spend time with close friends who are also introverted, they might become more active and social, like an “E” person. Psychologists (心理学家) explain this behavior through the concept of “masking (伪装)”, which means hiding one’s true personality in certain social situations. As the Master Class website points out, people have a natural desire to belong to a group, so they sometimes act like people-pleasers to fit in. While using MBTI types to describe someone can be entertaining, it is important not to over analyze the results. For example, one young woman was happily creating a detailed travel plan when someone commented that she didn’t seem like a “P” person—since “P” stands for “perceiving” and is often associated with flexibility (灵活性) rather than strict planning. She responded, “Why should I let a personality test tell me what to do?” Her reaction served as a reminder that we should not take the test too seriously. The MBTI test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun way to break the ice when meeting new people. However, it is essential to remember that these four letters do not fully define a person. Personalities are complex and can change in different environments. After all, everyone is unique, and no test can capture the complete nature of a person. In conclusion, the MBTI test might offer some insight into one’s character, but it is only for fun. It should not be used to judge others or limit ourselves. What truly matters is how we understand and respect each other beyond any labels. 1．What does the first letter in the MBTI result stand for? A．Intelligent or Emotional. B．Introverted or Extroverted. C．Interesting or Easygoing. D．Independent or Experienced. 2．According to paragraph 2, which of the following behaviors belongs to “masking”? A．A singer shows his true feelings in his own songs. B．A teacher is really patient when helping students. C．A student acts like he enjoys music to join an art club. D．A child shares his favorite toys with friends happily. 3．How does the author explain the idea in paragraph 2? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By using scientific data. D．By asking questions. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the example of the young woman in paragraph 3? A．She was not good at making travel plans at all. B．People should follow MBTI results to do things. C．“P” persons are always bad at making detailed plans. D．She thought MBTI results should not control her behavior. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．There are 16 different results of the MBTI test. B．Introverts have similar behaviors to extroverts. C．People shouldn’t take MBTI results too seriously. D．MBTI can help people understand each other better. Does this sound familiar? A workmate asks, “What are you up to this weekend?” You tell her you’re not sure. She replies with her own exciting plan. “I’m going to my lake house to have a big party.” I call this “boomerasking”. Like a boomerang, boomeraskers ask a question, let their partner answer and then immediately bring the focus of the conversation back to themselves. They try to both show interest in their partner and disclose (透露) something about themselves, but they fail to achieve either goal. We know it is good to show interest in our partners during conversations in many ways—by asking questions, supporting a different opinion, or saying something that relates to what the other person just said. However, self-centredness is tricky to outrun. As humans, we mostly think about our own viewpoint. Between 40% and 60% of what people say in conversations is about themselves-their feelings, opinions, and personal experiences. On social media, it’s even worse—80% of communication is self-related. For many people, self-disclosure simply feels great. A willingness to open up to others is an important sign of liking and closeness: it shows that you trust someone to know things about you. It’s also the primary way people shape how others think of them. By carefully choosing what to share, we try to seem kind, smart, confident and interesting in our partners’ eyes. And we show off or complain, hoping to receive admiration or understanding. Still, we recognise that social rules discourage overly self-centred behaviour and try to deal with this problem with some indirect habits. People who want others to admire them might pretend (假装) to complain while actually showing off, like saying, “I’m tired from all the interviews about my new book.” Others wanting to seem higher position might give mixed praise, like “Your ideas were pretty good, for a beginner.” But compared with these ways we try to hide our self-centredness, boomerasking may be worse because it reduces the benefits of asking questions. Asking heartfelt questions, listening to others’ answers and following up on those answers may be the easiest and most powerful pathway to shared understanding and interpersonal connection. Boomerasking breaks the magic. Failing to follow up on your partner’s answer, and answering the question yourself instead, makes others feel like you don’t care about them. So don’t boomerask! When another person shares their views, focus on them. We should all aim to be more interested in our partners before we go back to proving how interesting we are ourselves. 1．Which of the following is an example of boomerasking according to the passage? A．Your friend asks “Did you enjoy the movie?” and listens carefully to your answer. B．Your classmate asks “What did you do on vacation?” then says “I traveled to Australia—it was amazing!” C．Your teacher asks “How did you finish the homework?” and helps you solve problems in your answer. D．Your parent asks “Do you like your new school?” then says “I hope you can make more friends there.” 2．The words “tricky to outrun” in Paragraph 3 probably mean “________”. A．hard to shake off B．unusual to see C．pleasant to accept D．simple to deal with 3．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．boomerasking balances caring about others and opening up B．self-centredness is unwelcome even when expressed indirectly C．mixed praise is a straight and honest way to express admiration D．it’s wise to shape others’ opinions by sharing a lot about yourself 4．Why does the writer say boomerasking is worse than other indirect self-centred ways? A．It makes people talk more about themselves on social media. B．It stops people from getting the benefits of asking questions. C．It makes people pretend to complain while showing off. D．It makes people give mixed praise to others. 5．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To guide people in building interesting conversations. B．To prove the effect of self-centredness in conversations. C．To encourage better listening and replying in conversations. D．To explore the reasons for people’s showing off in conversations. From friendship to work stress, more Chinese people are now using AI tools like DeepSeek to talk about their problems. They share feelings with the chatbot (聊天机器人) and get warm advice. This is called “AI therapy (疗愈)”, which is becoming popular online. But can robots really replace human therapists? Around the world, 45 percent of people who needed mental (心理的) health care in 2024 did not get it because it was too expensive or there weren’t enough doctors, according to Huntington Psychological Services. Daniel Lowd, an associate professor (副教授) at the University of Oregon, believes AI could help fill this gap. “If people can find some support and ideas by talking to ChatGPT or chatbot, then I think that’s wonderful,” Lowd told Newsweek. Li Yong, a doctor at the Jiangsu Provincial Hospital, agreed with Lowd, saying that AI meets people’s needs for emotional (情绪上的) support to a point. However, AI has its limits. Human therapists understand feelings deeply through face-to-face talks and create personalized treatment (个性化治疗) plans—something robots can’t fully copy. Another problem is safety. AI might act like a therapist without proper training or rules. It can’t be as responsible as human therapists. Experts believe the key to safe AI therapy is strict government control. For example, Wysa, an AI mental health app, follows strict medical standards in the UK. As AI becomes part of daily life, finding a balance (平衡) between its benefits and risks is important. While AI offers quick help, human connection remains irreplaceable for serious emotional needs. 1．What is “AI therapy”? A．Making friends with an AI chatbot. B．Looking for comfort from a chatbot. C．Using AI tools in our daily lives. D．Treating illnesses with the help of AI. 2．Why did 45 percent of people who needed mental (心理的) health care in 2024 not get therapy? A．Because the doctors lack patience. B．Because they didn’t need to be treated. C．Because they could not afford it. D．The passage didn’t mention the reason. 3．What problems can chatbots solve according to Daniel Lowd? A．Not enough time to relax. B．The high cost of going to hospitals. C．The great need for mental health care. D．Disappearing relationships between people. 4．What is a problem with AI chatbots according to the passage? A．They cannot offer different treatment plans. B．They don’t receive proper training. C．They cannot take responsibility for their advice. D．They might steal job opportunities from human therapists. 5．What do experts think about “AI therapy”? A．It brings more risks than benefits. B．It is good but needs strong control. C．It will totally change the healthcare industry. D．People shouldn’t depend too much on AI chatbots. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $