Unit 2 Natural Disasters 语法填空10篇（单元话题：自然灾害）-2025-2026学年高一英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 2 Natural Disasters 语法填空10篇 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 自然灾害 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, 1 (kill) more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves 2 (cause) by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a.m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. In Sri Lanka, some 600 kilometres west of the quake centre, the number of 3 (death) stood at 2,498, and one million more were affected by the tsunami, government officials said. Indian officials said as many as 1,900 were killed along the southern coast. 4 254 were found dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries. In southern Thailand, 1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing, local officials said. “I was having breakfast with my three children 5 water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to 6 (safe),” said Chandra Theeravit, a local Thai woman. Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even 7 (high) over the next few days. Foreign aid is 8 (organise) for the tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make 9 difficult to deliver food and supplies, 10 means the rescue work will face great challenges. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A strong 7.9 earthquake hit central Myanmar 1 March 28, 2025, causing major damage in the area. The earthquake was centered near Mandalay, 2 country’s second-largest city. The number of deaths has reached 2,719, with 4,521 people 3 (injure) and many more still missing. The disaster unfolded in two phases: the first earthquake destroyed buildings, roads, and 4 (bridge), while aftershocks continued to cause problems. The earthquake happened along the Sagaing Fault, 5 the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates (构造板块) meet. Over many years, pressure built up between the plates and finally caused this earthquake. However, Myanmar’s old buildings, 6 (especial) traditional ones made of wood and mud, were not strong enough to withstand the earthquake, which made the situation even worse. Countries around the world quickly sent help. China was one of the first 7 (respond), sending rescue teams with medical supplies, shelter materials, and special equipment to find survivors. However, rescuers faced many challenges. Roads and bridges were destroyed, making 8 hard to get aid to remote villages. There were also stories of hope. Farmers and students adapted quickly, planting crops in temporary fields and attending classes in tents. The earthquake showed Myanmar’s weaknesses, 9 it also showed the strength of the people and the world’s support. As aftershocks continue, Myanmar’s people are determined to rebuild their lives and hope for 10 better future. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Strange things happened in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For days, the water in village wells rose and fell repeatedly. Deep cracks appeared on well walls, and at least one well let out some 1 (smell) gas. Mice fled the fields searching for shelters, and fish jumped out of the water. At around 3 a.m. on 28 July 1976, bright lights 2 (see) in the sky outside Tangshan. At 3:42 a.m., the ground started shaking violently. It felt as if the world was coming to 3 end. Eleven kilometres beneath the city, one of the deadliest earthquakes of the 20th century struck, a quake 4 caused damage even 150 kilometres away in Beijing. A massive crack cut through houses, roads and waterways. In a minute, the city 5 (lie) in ruins. Two-thirds of the residents 6 (live) there lost their lives or got injured. Survivors saw nothing but ruins everywhere. Water, food and electricity were 7 (extreme) hard to obtain. Yet hope remained. The army sent 150,000 soldiers 8 (rescue) those trapped and bury the dead. Over 10,000 doctors and nurses offered medical care, and shelters were built for homeless survivors. 9 joint efforts, Tangshan gradually recovered, and it stands as a new city today. Its rebirth shows the 10 (wise) and courage of the Chinese people. Passage 4 语法填空 On January 17, 1994, a powerful earthquake struck the San Fernando Valley in southern California. Buildings 1 (fall) apart, and the streets were filled with debris (碎片). The disaster left thousands of people 2 (home), and the city was 3 (complete) in a mess. The earthquake occurred at the time 4 many people were still asleep. The first shock was followed by a series of aftershocks (余震). The government immediately announced a state of emergency. Rescue and recovery (恢复) 5 (effort) were quickly underway. Emergency services, volunteers, and every citizen joined forces 6 (search) for survivors and provide aid to those affected. The response to the earthquake stressed the 7 (important) of the community’s strength and the need for disaster response plans. The earthquake also led 8 great advancements in seismic (地震的) research and technology. The development of early warning systems, improvements in building standards, and a greater understanding of earthquake risks have been part of the valuable things 9 (bring) by this event. It served as 10 reminder of the power of nature and the ongoing need for preparation in the face of such disasters. Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Kenya sped up efforts on Thursday to evacuate (疏散) hundreds of people trapped by floods 1 have hit many parts of the East African country. Floods 2 (make) more than 600,000 homeless since the beginning of heavy rains in November, according to the Red Cross, which is helping to coordinate the rescue efforts. Tens of thousands of people in Northern Kenya have lost livestock (家畜), farmland 3 homes due to the floods 4 (describe) by aid groups as the worst in 100 years. An international team of scientists reported last week that the ongoing rains in Eastern Africa have become much 5 (heavy) than before due to human-caused climate change. On Wednesday, British High Commissioner Neil Wigan 6 (visit) remote Mandera County, where a severe drought a year ago destroyed the livelihoods of people in many 7 (community). “Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing everyone in the world, but you see in places like northern Kenya, where the impact of the drought and livestock dying and now the flood on people’s livelihood has been 8 (absolute) huge,” Wigan said. “We can make efforts to provide foods, medicine and other necessary supplies 9 people in the short run, but how can we build systems nationally and internationally aiming 10 (deal) with the effects of climate change?” Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Kenya sped up efforts on Thursday to evacuate (疏散) hundreds of people trapped by floods 1 have hit many parts of the East African country. Floods 2 (make) more than 600,000 homeless since the beginning of heavy rains in November, according to the Red Cross, which is helping to coordinate the rescue efforts. Tens of thousands of people in Northern Kenya have lost livestock (家畜), farmland 3 homes due to the floods 4 (describe) by aid groups as the worst in 100 years. An international team of scientists reported last week that the ongoing rains in Eastern Africa have become much 5 (heavy) than before due to human-caused climate change. On Wednesday, British High Commissioner Neil Wigan 6 (visit) remote Mandera County, where a severe drought a year ago destroyed the livelihoods of people in many 7 (community). “Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing everyone in the world, but you see in places like northern Kenya, where the impact of the drought and livestock dying and now the flood on people’s livelihood has been 8 (extreme) huge,” Wigan said. “We can make efforts to provide foods, medicine and other necessary supplies 9 people in the short run, but how can we build systems nationally and internationally aiming 10 (deal) with the effects of climate change?” Passage 7 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) 1 (form) in 2001 and is now made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 police dogs. The team brings help and hope to those 2 lives are changed by a storm, flood, earthquake, or any other natural disasters. The team went on 3 (it) first international rescue tasks in 2003 when the Chinese team helped save lives after earthquakes in Algeria and Iran. It was the first time that a Chinese team had worked outside China and won high praise for 4 (brave) and skill. Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat wounds, and hand 5 food, water, and other supplies. They have to be able to do work that is difficult in dangerous 6 (situation). After a disaster, there is usually no electricity or water, and there may be diseases and other dangers. Rescue workers get to save lives, but they must also bury the 7 (die). That means they have to be strong in 8 body and mind. Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. It takes a lot of love and courage 9 (risk) one’s own life to save someone else’s. The members of the CISAR have plenty of both and 10 (be) always ready to go wherever help is needed. Passage 8 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 Tilly Smith was holidaying with her parents and seven-year-old sister on Maikhao beach in Phuket, Thailand, when the tide (潮水) rushed out. As the other tourists watched in 1 (amaze), the water began to rise and the boats started to violently move up and down. Tilly, who had studied tsunamis (海啸) in a geography class two weeks 2 (early), quickly found the situation 3 (danger). She told her mother they had to get off the beach immediately 4 warned that it could be a tsunami. She explained she had just completed a school project on the huge waves and said they were seeing the warning 5 (sign) that a tsunami was minutes away . Her parents warned the other holidaymakers and staff at their hotel, which were quickly evacuated. The wave crashed a few minutes later, but no one on the beach 6 (kill) or seriously injured . In 7 interview with the Sun , Tilly owed it to her geography teacher, Andrew Kearney. She said, “Last term, it was Mr Kearney 8 taught us about earthquakes and how they can cause tsunamis. I was on the beach and the water started to go funny. There 9 (be) bubbles (气泡) and the tide went out all of a sudden. I recognized 10 was happening and had a feeling there was going to be a tsunami. I told mummy.” 重难语篇练习 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Britain’s record 40℃ temperatures will be normal within 30 years, according to new research. The study warns that extreme heatwaves will increase 1 more than 30 percent in the coming years. They 2 (fuel) by the burning of fossil fuels and other human activities, according to scientists. Tuesday was the hottest ever recorded in the UK, which serves as an early preview of 3 climate forecasters believe will be typical summer weather in 2050. Wildfires have swept the US, where more than two 4 (five) of the country is under heat warnings. Now 5 analysis of atmospheric circulation patterns and greenhouse gases suggests the crisis is 6 (bad) than feared. It is based on data from just over a year ago when nearly 1,500 people 7 (die) as average temperatures in the US and Canada more than doubled. “An extraordinary and 8 (expect) heatwave swept western North America in late June of 2021. It resulted in hundreds of deaths and a massive die-off of sea 9 (creature) off the coast as well as horrible wildfires,” say scientists. Computer data found greenhouse gases are the main reason for increased temperatures in the past and will be likely 10 (become) the main contributing factor. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Floods and landslides are hard 1 (avoid). However, to protect against them, people take a 2 (vary) of measures. These could include 3 (pass) various laws that prohibit (禁止) cutting down trees and building houses in these areas. Measures can 4 (take) at all levels so that no one is misusing or overusing their share of resources like water and food. Areas where strong winds and tornadoes 5 (frequent) happen need different precautionary (预防的) 6 (method). Tornadoes and storms can be predicted (预测) to a degree in today’s world. Once one is predicted, it is important not to walk out without reason. Asking the kids to stay at home is another good measure. These areas usually have strongly 7 (build) houses not to be damaged by extreme conditions. However, having a basement where you can stay and wait for the storm to pass 8 (be) not a bad idea. Make sure that the basement has 9 door that takes you directly out of the house in case that the house collapses (倒塌), you can get out of the basement. To protect against natural disasters, safety measures need to be taken by governments. Communities need to have small plans in place because of the happening of a disaster. And the nearest people that can help you will be those 10 live in your neighborhood. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Natural Disasters 语法填空10篇 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 自然灾害 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, 1 (kill) more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves 2 (cause) by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a.m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. In Sri Lanka, some 600 kilometres west of the quake centre, the number of 3 (death) stood at 2,498, and one million more were affected by the tsunami, government officials said. Indian officials said as many as 1,900 were killed along the southern coast. 4 254 were found dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries. In southern Thailand, 1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing, local officials said. “I was having breakfast with my three children 5 water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to 6 (safe),” said Chandra Theeravit, a local Thai woman. Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even 7 (high) over the next few days. Foreign aid is 8 (organise) for the tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make 9 difficult to deliver food and supplies, 10 means the rescue work will face great challenges. 【答案】 1．killing 2．caused 3．deaths 4．Another 5．when 6．safety 7．higher 8．being organised 9．it 10．which 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一次由9.0级强震引发的、波及多国的毁灭性海啸，列举了各国惨重的人员伤亡和财产损失，并引述了亲历者的描述。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：过去40年来最强烈的地震引发了一场海啸，海啸昨日袭击了亚洲各地的海岸线，在印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少其他四个国家造成超过6500人死亡。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用kill“杀死”的现在分词形式。故填killing。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：渔民、游客、酒店、房屋和汽车被这场强度达9.0级的强烈地震所引发的巨浪卷走。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作huge waves的后置定语，cause“引起”和huge waves逻辑上是被动关系，因此用cause的过去分词形式。故填caused。 3．考查名词复数。句意：政府官员称，在震中以西约600公里的斯里兰卡，死亡人数达到2498人，另有超过一百万人受到海啸影响。空处作介词of的宾语，结合空后的“stood at 2,498”可知，可数名词death“死，死亡”需用复数形式。故填deaths。 4．考查限定词。句意：在泰国又发现了254具遗体，在其他三个国家发现了54具。上文已分别列举了斯里兰卡和印度的死亡人数，此处是列举其他国家的数字，表示“（三者或三者以上中的）另外的，又一个”，空处应用another，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Another。 5．考查连词。句意：我当时正和我的三个孩子一起吃早餐，这时水开始涌进我的家。空处前后均为完整的句子，结合“I was having breakfast with my three children”可知，此处是用be doing when…表示“正在做某事时，忽然……”。故填when。 6．考查名词。句意：我们不得不舍弃一切，逃往安全的地方。空处作介词to的宾语，名词safety符合题意，意为“安全”，是不可数名词。故填safety。 7．考查比较级。句意：仍有数千人失踪，预计未来几天死亡人数还会进一步上升。结合空前的“even”可知，此处表示程度加深，空处应用high的比较级形式。故填higher。 8．考查动词时态和语态。句意：正在为受海啸袭击的国家组织外国援助。空处和is构成谓语，结合前一句内容可知，本句表示动作正在进行中，时态应用现在进行时，organise“组织”和主语Foreign aid之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填being organised。 9．考查it的用法。句意：然而，危险的环境和受损的道路将使食品和物资的运送变得困难，这意味着救援工作将面临巨大挑战。根据“make”和“difficult to deliver food and supplies”可知，此处应用固定结构“make it+形容词+to do sth.”表示“使做某事变得……”，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。故填it。 10．考查定语从句。句意：然而，危险的环境和受损的道路将使食品和物资的运送变得困难，这意味着救援工作将面临巨大挑战。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A strong 7.9 earthquake hit central Myanmar 1 March 28, 2025, causing major damage in the area. The earthquake was centered near Mandalay, 2 country’s second-largest city. The number of deaths has reached 2,719, with 4,521 people 3 (injure) and many more still missing. The disaster unfolded in two phases: the first earthquake destroyed buildings, roads, and 4 (bridge), while aftershocks continued to cause problems. The earthquake happened along the Sagaing Fault, 5 the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates (构造板块) meet. Over many years, pressure built up between the plates and finally caused this earthquake. However, Myanmar’s old buildings, 6 (especial) traditional ones made of wood and mud, were not strong enough to withstand the earthquake, which made the situation even worse. Countries around the world quickly sent help. China was one of the first 7 (respond), sending rescue teams with medical supplies, shelter materials, and special equipment to find survivors. However, rescuers faced many challenges. Roads and bridges were destroyed, making 8 hard to get aid to remote villages. There were also stories of hope. Farmers and students adapted quickly, planting crops in temporary fields and attending classes in tents. The earthquake showed Myanmar’s weaknesses, 9 it also showed the strength of the people and the world’s support. As aftershocks continue, Myanmar’s people are determined to rebuild their lives and hope for 10 better future. 【答案】 1．on 2．the 3．injured 4．bridges 5．where 6．especially 7．to respond 8．it 9．but 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了2025年3月28日缅甸中部发生的7.9级强震，描述了地震造成的破坏、地质原因、国际救援以及灾后重建的希望。 1．考查介词。句意：2025年3月28日，一场7.9级强震袭击了缅甸中部，对该地区造成重大破坏。在具体的某一天前应用介词on，on March 28, 2025意为“在2025年3月28日”。故填on。 2．考查冠词。句意：地震震中位于该国第二大城市曼德勒附近。根据“country’s second-largest city”可知，此处特指“这个国家的”第二大城市，应用定冠词the。故填the。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：死亡人数已达2719人，4521人受伤，还有更多人失踪。此处为“with + 宾语 + 宾补”结构，people与injure之间为被动关系，应用过去分词injured作宾补。故填injured。 4．考查名词复数。句意：灾难分两个阶段展开：第一次地震摧毁了建筑物、道路和桥梁，而余震则继续造成问题。bridge为可数名词，前无冠词或限定词修饰，且根据前文“buildings, roads, and”可知，此处应用复数形式bridges，与并列名词保持一致。故填bridges。 5．考查定语从句关系词。句意：地震发生在实皆断层，即印度板块和欧亚构造板块交汇处。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Sagaing Fault，表地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 6．考查副词。句意：然而，缅甸的老旧建筑，尤其是那些由木头和泥土建造的传统建筑，强度不足以抵御地震，这使得情况更加糟糕。空格后为插入的补充说明成分，需要副词修饰整个部分，表示强调或举例，“especially”意为“尤其是”。故填especially。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国是最先响应的国家之一，派遣了救援队，携带医疗用品、避难物资和寻找幸存者的特殊设备。“one of the first”后常接动词不定式作后置定语，表示“最先做……的人/事物之一”。respond为动词，其不定式为to respond。故填to respond。 8．考查代词。句意：道路和桥梁被毁，使得救援物资难以到达偏远村庄。此处为“make + it + adj. + to do”结构，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是to get aid to remote villages。故填it。 9．考查连词。句意：地震暴露了缅甸的弱点，但也显示了人民的坚韧和世界的支持。前后分句为转折关系，应用转折连词but连接。故填but。 10．考查冠词。句意：随着余震持续，缅甸人民决心重建家园，并期盼一个更美好的未来。此处future为可数名词，泛指“一个更美好的未来”，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Strange things happened in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For days, the water in village wells rose and fell repeatedly. Deep cracks appeared on well walls, and at least one well let out some 1 (smell) gas. Mice fled the fields searching for shelters, and fish jumped out of the water. At around 3 a.m. on 28 July 1976, bright lights 2 (see) in the sky outside Tangshan. At 3:42 a.m., the ground started shaking violently. It felt as if the world was coming to 3 end. Eleven kilometres beneath the city, one of the deadliest earthquakes of the 20th century struck, a quake 4 caused damage even 150 kilometres away in Beijing. A massive crack cut through houses, roads and waterways. In a minute, the city 5 (lie) in ruins. Two-thirds of the residents 6 (live) there lost their lives or got injured. Survivors saw nothing but ruins everywhere. Water, food and electricity were 7 (extreme) hard to obtain. Yet hope remained. The army sent 150,000 soldiers 8 (rescue) those trapped and bury the dead. Over 10,000 doctors and nurses offered medical care, and shelters were built for homeless survivors. 9 joint efforts, Tangshan gradually recovered, and it stands as a new city today. Its rebirth shows the 10 (wise) and courage of the Chinese people. 【答案】 1．smelly 2．were seen 3．an 4．that/which 5．lay 6．living 7．extremely 8．to rescue 9．With 10．wisdom 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了1976年唐山大地震前的异常征兆、地震造成的巨大破坏，以及震后救援重建和唐山的重生，展现了中国人民的智慧与勇气。 1．考查形容词。句意：井壁上出现了深深的裂缝，至少有一口井冒出了一些难闻的气体。此处修饰名词gas，应用smell的形容词形式smelly，表示“有臭味的，难闻的”。故填smelly。 2．考查时态和语态。句意：1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，唐山城外的天空中可以看到明亮的光。主语bright lights与see为被动关系，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were seen。 3．考查冠词。句意：感觉好像世界末日到了。come to an end为固定搭配，意为“结束，终结”，end是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 4．考查定语从句。句意：在这座城市下方11公里处，发生了20世纪最致命的地震之一，这场地震甚至对150公里外的北京也造成了破坏。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为a quake，指物，从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 5．考查时态。句意：一分钟之内，这座城市变成了一片废墟。空处作谓语，讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，lie“处于，位于”的过去式为lay。故填lay。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：住在那里的三分之二的居民失去了生命或受伤。空处作后置定语，修饰名词residents，residents和live之间是主动关系，应用现在分词living作后置定语。故填living。 7．考查副词。句意：水、食物和电力极其难以获得。此处修饰形容词hard，应用extreme的副词形式extremely。故填extremely。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：军队派出15万名士兵救援被困人员并掩埋死者。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to rescue。 9．考查介词。句意：在共同努力下，唐山逐渐恢复，如今已是一座崭新的城市。with joint efforts为固定搭配，意为“在共同努力下”。句首单词首字母大写，故填With。 10．考查名词。句意：它的重生展现了中国人民的智慧和勇气。空处和courage并列，作shows的宾语，应用名词wisdom“智慧”，不可数名词。故填wisdom。 Passage 4 语法填空 On January 17, 1994, a powerful earthquake struck the San Fernando Valley in southern California. Buildings 1 (fall) apart, and the streets were filled with debris (碎片). The disaster left thousands of people 2 (home), and the city was 3 (complete) in a mess. The earthquake occurred at the time 4 many people were still asleep. The first shock was followed by a series of aftershocks (余震). The government immediately announced a state of emergency. Rescue and recovery (恢复) 5 (effort) were quickly underway. Emergency services, volunteers, and every citizen joined forces 6 (search) for survivors and provide aid to those affected. The response to the earthquake stressed the 7 (important) of the community’s strength and the need for disaster response plans. The earthquake also led 8 great advancements in seismic (地震的) research and technology. The development of early warning systems, improvements in building standards, and a greater understanding of earthquake risks have been part of the valuable things 9 (bring) by this event. It served as 10 reminder of the power of nature and the ongoing need for preparation in the face of such disasters. 【答案】 1．fell 2．homeless 3．completely 4．when 5．efforts 6．to search 7．importance 8．to 9．brought 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了1994年1月17日加州南部圣费尔南多谷地震的情况、救援情况及后续影响。 1．考查时态。句意：建筑物倒塌，街道上布满了碎片。根据上文“On January 17, 1994, a powerful earthquake struck the San Fernando Valley in southern California.”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填fell。 2．考查形容词。句意：这场灾难使成千上万的人无家可归，城市一片混乱。空处作宾语补足语，应用形容词形式，homeless“无家可归的”符合题意。故填homeless。 3．考查副词。句意：这场灾难使成千上万的人无家可归，城市一片混乱。空处修饰介词短语in a mess，应用副词形式completely，表示“完全地”。故填completely。 4．考查定语从句。句意：地震发生时，许多人还在睡觉。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词time，先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导从句。故填when。 5．考查名词复数。句意：救援和恢复工作迅速展开。根据空后“were”可知，空处应用名词复数形式efforts，作主语。故填efforts。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：紧急服务部门、志愿者和每一位市民都联合起来寻找幸存者，并向受影响的人提供援助。空处作非谓语动词，应用动词不定式形式，作目的状语，表示“为了寻找幸存者”。故填to search。 7．考查名词。句意：对地震的反应强调了社区力量的重要性以及制定灾难应对计划的必要性。空处作stressed的宾语，结合空格前的the和空格后的of可知，应用不可数名词importance，表示“重要性”。故填importance。 8．考查介词。句意：这次地震也推动了地震研究和技术的发展。lead to是固定短语，意为“导致，推动”。故填to。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：早期预警系统的开发、建筑标准的提高以及对地震风险的更深入理解，都是这一事件带来的宝贵成果的一部分。句子谓语动词是have been，空处作非谓语动词，bring与逻辑主语the valuable things之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填brought。 10．考查冠词。句意：它提醒我们自然的力量，以及面对此类灾难时持续做好准备的必要性。reminder“提醒”是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且reminder是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Kenya sped up efforts on Thursday to evacuate (疏散) hundreds of people trapped by floods 1 have hit many parts of the East African country. Floods 2 (make) more than 600,000 homeless since the beginning of heavy rains in November, according to the Red Cross, which is helping to coordinate the rescue efforts. Tens of thousands of people in Northern Kenya have lost livestock (家畜), farmland 3 homes due to the floods 4 (describe) by aid groups as the worst in 100 years. An international team of scientists reported last week that the ongoing rains in Eastern Africa have become much 5 (heavy) than before due to human-caused climate change. On Wednesday, British High Commissioner Neil Wigan 6 (visit) remote Mandera County, where a severe drought a year ago destroyed the livelihoods of people in many 7 (community). “Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing everyone in the world, but you see in places like northern Kenya, where the impact of the drought and livestock dying and now the flood on people’s livelihood has been 8 (absolute) huge,” Wigan said. “We can make efforts to provide foods, medicine and other necessary supplies 9 people in the short run, but how can we build systems nationally and internationally aiming 10 (deal) with the effects of climate change?” 【答案】 1．that/which 2．have made 3．and/or 4．described 5．heavier 6．visited 7．communities 8．absolutely 9．for 10．to deal 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍肯尼亚因洪水加速疏散受困民众，以及洪水带来的影响和相关应对讨论。 1．考查定语从句。句意：肯尼亚周四加快努力疏散数百名被洪水困住的人，这些洪水袭击了这个东非国家的许多地区。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为floods，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以使用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 2．考查动词时态。句意：据红十字会称，自11月开始遭遇强降雨以来，洪水已导致超过60万人无家可归，红十字会正在协助协调救援工作。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语since the beginning of heavy rains in November可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，主语Floods是复数，所以谓语动词为have made。故填have made。 3．考查连词。句意：由于被援助组织称为百年一遇的洪水，肯尼亚北部数万人失去了家畜、农田和/或家园。此处为连词连接livestock (家畜)、farmland和空后的homes，结合句意，这里表示并列关系或选择关系，所以此处使用并列连词and或or。故填and/or。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于被援助组织称为百年一遇的洪水，肯尼亚北部数万人失去了家畜、农田和/或家园。句中已有谓语动词have lost，所以此处为非谓语动词，describe与floods之间是被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词作后置定语。故填described。 5．考查形容词的比较级。句意：一个国际科学家小组上周报告说，由于人为造成的气候变化，东非持续的降雨比以前变得更加猛烈了。由than before可知，此处应用比较级，heavy的比较级为heavier意为“更加猛烈”。故填heavier。 6．考查动词时态。句意：周三，英国高级专员尼尔·威根访问了偏远的曼德拉郡，那里一年前的严重干旱摧毁了许多社区居民的生计。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语On Wednesday可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填visited。 7．考查名词复数。句意：周三，英国高级专员尼尔·威根访问了偏远的曼德拉郡，那里一年前的严重干旱摧毁了许多社区居民的生计。community意为“社区”为可数名词，由many修饰，应用复数形式。故填communities。 8．考查副词。句意：“气候变化是全世界每个人面临的最大挑战之一，但在肯尼亚北部这样的地区，干旱、牲畜死亡以及现在的洪水对人们生计造成的影响是巨大的。” 威根说道。此处应用副词修饰形容词huge，absolute的副词形式为absolutely。故填absolutely。 9．考查介词。句意：我们可以努力在短期内为人们提供食物、药品和其他生活必需品，但我们应如何在国家和国际层面建立旨在应对气候变化影响的体系呢？此处为固定搭配provide sth. for sb.，意为“为某人提供某物”，所以此处使用介词for。故填for。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们可以努力在短期内为人们提供食物、药品和其他生活必需品，但我们应如何在国家和国际层面建立旨在应对气候变化影响的体系呢？此处为为固定短语aim to do sth.，意为“旨在做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式形式作宾语。故填to deal。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Kenya sped up efforts on Thursday to evacuate (疏散) hundreds of people trapped by floods 1 have hit many parts of the East African country. Floods 2 (make) more than 600,000 homeless since the beginning of heavy rains in November, according to the Red Cross, which is helping to coordinate the rescue efforts. Tens of thousands of people in Northern Kenya have lost livestock (家畜), farmland 3 homes due to the floods 4 (describe) by aid groups as the worst in 100 years. An international team of scientists reported last week that the ongoing rains in Eastern Africa have become much 5 (heavy) than before due to human-caused climate change. On Wednesday, British High Commissioner Neil Wigan 6 (visit) remote Mandera County, where a severe drought a year ago destroyed the livelihoods of people in many 7 (community). “Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing everyone in the world, but you see in places like northern Kenya, where the impact of the drought and livestock dying and now the flood on people’s livelihood has been 8 (extreme) huge,” Wigan said. “We can make efforts to provide foods, medicine and other necessary supplies 9 people in the short run, but how can we build systems nationally and internationally aiming 10 (deal) with the effects of climate change?” 【答案】 1．that/which 2．have made 3．and/or 4．described 5．heavier 6．visited 7．communities 8．extremely 9．for/to 10．to deal 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了肯尼亚因洪水灾害加剧而加快疏散受灾民众的情况，并探讨了气候变化对当地及全球的影响。 1．考查定语从句。句意：周四，肯尼亚加快了疏散因洪水被困的数百人的努力，洪水袭击了这个东非国家的许多地区。此处为限制性定语从句修饰先行词floods，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。 2．考查时态。句意：据红十字会统计，自11月大雨开始以来，洪水已使60多万人无家可归。红十字会正在帮助协调救援工作。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据后文since the beginning of heavy rains in November可知应用现在完成时，主语floods为复数，助动词用have。故填have made。 3．考查连词。句意：肯尼亚北部成千上万的人失去了牲畜、农田和/或家园，援助组织称这是100年来最严重的洪水。此处表示“牲畜、农田和家园”或者“牲畜、农田或家园”，表示“和”应用and，表示“或者”应用or。故填and/or。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：肯尼亚北部成千上万的人失去了牲畜、农田和/或家园，援助组织称这是100年来最严重的洪水。句中已有谓语动词have lost，describe在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语floods构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语修饰floods。故填described。 5．考查形容词比较级。句意：上周，一个国际科学家小组报告说，由于人类引起的气候变化，东非正在持续的降雨比以前严重得多。根据后文than before可知应用比较级heavier。故填heavier。 6．考查动词时态。句意：周三，英国高级专员尼尔·维根访问了偏远的曼德拉县，一年前那里的一场严重干旱摧毁了许多社区人们的生计。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语“On Wednesday”和句意可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填visited。 7．考查名词的数。句意：周三，英国高级专员尼尔·维根访问了偏远的曼德拉县，去年那里发生了严重干旱，破坏了许多社区居民的生计。community为可数名词，前文many修饰应用复数形式。故填communities。 8．考查副词。句意：维根说：“气候变化是世界上每个人都面临的最大挑战之一，但你在肯尼亚北部这样的地方可以看到，干旱和牲畜死亡，以及现在的洪水对人们生计的影响是极其巨大的。”空处修饰后文形容词huge应用副词extremely，作状语。故填extremely。 9．考查介词。句意：从短期来看，我们可以努力为人们提供食物、药品和其他必要物资，但我们如何在国家和国际层面建立旨在应对气候变化影响的体系呢？provide sth. for/to sb.是固定短语，意为“为某人提供某物”。故填for/to。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：从短期来看，我们可以努力为人们提供食物、药品和其他必要物资，但我们如何在国家和国际层面建立旨在应对气候变化影响的体系呢？aim to do sth.是固定短语，意为“旨在做某事”。故填to deal。 Passage 7 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) 1 (form) in 2001 and is now made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 police dogs. The team brings help and hope to those 2 lives are changed by a storm, flood, earthquake, or any other natural disasters. The team went on 3 (it) first international rescue tasks in 2003 when the Chinese team helped save lives after earthquakes in Algeria and Iran. It was the first time that a Chinese team had worked outside China and won high praise for 4 (brave) and skill. Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat wounds, and hand 5 food, water, and other supplies. They have to be able to do work that is difficult in dangerous 6 (situation). After a disaster, there is usually no electricity or water, and there may be diseases and other dangers. Rescue workers get to save lives, but they must also bury the 7 (die). That means they have to be strong in 8 body and mind. Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. It takes a lot of love and courage 9 (risk) one’s own life to save someone else’s. The members of the CISAR have plenty of both and 10 (be) always ready to go wherever help is needed. 【答案】 1．was formed 2．whose 3．its 4．bravery 5．out 6．situations 7．dead 8．both 9．to risk 10．are 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国国际救援队的情况，主要包括其成立时间、人员组成、执行的任务、成员的技能和素质等信息。 1．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：中国国际救援队（CISAR）成立于2001年，目前由数百名救援人员和约20只警犬组成。空处作句子的谓语，根据“in 2001”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，form“建立”和主语The China International Search and Rescue Team之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数名词，be动词应用was。故填was formed。 2．考查定语从句。句意：该团队为那些生活因风暴、洪水、地震或其他自然灾害而改变的人们带来帮助和希望。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词those，先行词指人，在从句中作定语，和lives之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose作引导词。故填whose。 3．考查代词。句意：2003年，中国救援队首次执行国际救援任务，在阿尔及利亚和伊朗地震后帮助拯救生命。空处修饰rescue tasks，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 4．考查名词。句意：这是中国团队第一次在国外工作，并因其勇敢和技巧赢得了高度赞扬。空处作for的宾语，应用brave的名词形式bravery，意为“勇敢”，是不可数名词。故填bravery。 5．考查动词短语。句意：救援人员接受过搜救、治疗伤口、分发食物、水和其他物资的训练。结合“food, water, and other supplies”可推知，此处指“分发食物、水和其他物资”，应用动词短语hand out表示“分发”。故填out。 6．考查名词的数。句意：他们必须能够在危险的情况下完成困难的工作。空处作in的宾语，且空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词situation“情况”应用复数形式。故填situations。 7．考查形容词。句意：救援人员可以拯救生命，但他们也必须埋葬死者。空处和the搭配，作bury的宾语，应用die的形容词形式dead，构成“the+形容词”的结构，表示一类人，指“死者”。故填dead。 8．考查固定结构。句意：这意味着他们必须在身体和精神上都很强大。根据“body and mind”可知，此处用固定结构both… and…表示“……和……（两者都）”。故填both。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：冒着生命危险去救别人需要很大的爱和勇气。根据“It takes a lot of love and courage”可知，此处用固定句型it takes sth. to do sth.表示“花费某物做某事”，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，空处应用risk“冒……的风险”的不定式形式。故填to risk。 10．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这些都是CISAR成员所拥有的，他们随时准备去任何需要帮助的地方。空处作句子的谓语，结合“have”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语The members是复数名词，be动词应用are。故填are。 Passage 8 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 Tilly Smith was holidaying with her parents and seven-year-old sister on Maikhao beach in Phuket, Thailand, when the tide (潮水) rushed out. As the other tourists watched in 1 (amaze), the water began to rise and the boats started to violently move up and down. Tilly, who had studied tsunamis (海啸) in a geography class two weeks 2 (early), quickly found the situation 3 (danger). She told her mother they had to get off the beach immediately 4 warned that it could be a tsunami. She explained she had just completed a school project on the huge waves and said they were seeing the warning 5 (sign) that a tsunami was minutes away . Her parents warned the other holidaymakers and staff at their hotel, which were quickly evacuated. The wave crashed a few minutes later, but no one on the beach 6 (kill) or seriously injured . In 7 interview with the Sun , Tilly owed it to her geography teacher, Andrew Kearney. She said, “Last term, it was Mr Kearney 8 taught us about earthquakes and how they can cause tsunamis. I was on the beach and the water started to go funny. There 9 (be) bubbles (气泡) and the tide went out all of a sudden. I recognized 10 was happening and had a feeling there was going to be a tsunami. I told mummy.” 【答案】 1．amazement 2．earlier 3．dangerous 4．and 5．signs 6．was killed 7．an 8．who/that 9．were 10．what 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。介绍了一个小女孩Tilly在海啸来临前，根据在学校学到的知识发现了海啸前兆，劝父母和其他人离开了海滩，使数百人免于灾难的故事。 1．考查名词。句意：当其他游客惊奇地看着时，水开始上涨，船只开始剧烈地上下移动。根据设空前介词in，可知此处填名词。动词amaze，意为“使惊奇”，名词形式为amazement，in amazement惊奇地。故填amazement。 2．考查比较级。蒂莉两周前在地理课上学习过海啸，她很快发现情况很危险。根据上文“had studied two weeks”，可知，时间状语应指的是在这之前的两周，所以是现在和之前作比较，所以空白处要用比较级。故填earlier。 3．考查形容词。句意：蒂莉两周前在地理课上学习过海啸，她很快发现情况很危险。此处是“find+宾语+宾补” 结构，意为“发现某物具有某种性质或状态”，所以空处应填形容词作宾语补足语，danger的形容词形式是dangerous。故填dangerous。 4．考查连词。句意：她告诉她的母亲，他们必须立即离开海滩，并警告说可能会发生海啸。结合句意，空前的“She told her mother they had to get off the beach immediately”和空后的“warned that it could be a tsunami”为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 5．考查名词复数。句意：她解释说，她刚刚完成了一个关于巨浪的学校项目，并说他们看到了海啸即将来临的预警信号。sign是可数名词，此处的warning sign指各种警示，应用名词复数。故填signs。 6．考查时态和语态。句意：几分钟后海浪发出巨大的撞击声，但是海滩上没有人死亡，也没有人受重伤。根据上文的时态可知，空白处用一般过去时，no one和kill为被动关系，所以空白处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数。故填was killed。 7．考查冠词。句意：在接受《太阳报》采访时，蒂莉把它归功于她的地理老师Andrew Kearney。interview意为“采访”，为可数名词，句中用的单数，空前应用不定冠词修饰，interview为元音音素开头，使用不定冠词an。故填an。 8．考查强调句型。句意：她说：“上学期，是科尔尼老师教我们有关地震以及地震如何引起海啸的知识。我在沙滩上，海水开始变得奇怪起来。有泡沫，潮水突然退去。我意识到发生了什么，有一种海啸即将来临的感觉。我告诉妈妈了。”此处是“it is/was+强调部分+that/who+剩余部分”强调句型结构，此处强调Mr Kearney，强调主语，用who/that。故填who/that。 9．考查动词时态。句意：她说：“上学期，是科尔尼老师教我们有关地震以及地震如何引起海啸的知识。我在沙滩上，海水开始变得奇怪起来。有泡沫，潮水突然退去。我意识到发生了什么，有一种海啸即将来临的感觉。我告诉妈妈了。”本句是and连接的并列句，be作前句谓语，根据went可知用一般过去时，主语bubbles为复数。故填were。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：她说：“上学期，是科尔尼老师教我们有关地震以及地震如何引起海啸的知识。我在沙滩上，海水开始变得奇怪起来。有泡沫，潮水突然退去。我意识到发生了什么，有一种海啸即将来临的感觉。我告诉妈妈了。”空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指的是事，所以使用连接代词what引导。故填what。 重难语篇练习 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Britain’s record 40℃ temperatures will be normal within 30 years, according to new research. The study warns that extreme heatwaves will increase 1 more than 30 percent in the coming years. They 2 (fuel) by the burning of fossil fuels and other human activities, according to scientists. Tuesday was the hottest ever recorded in the UK, which serves as an early preview of 3 climate forecasters believe will be typical summer weather in 2050. Wildfires have swept the US, where more than two 4 (five) of the country is under heat warnings. Now 5 analysis of atmospheric circulation patterns and greenhouse gases suggests the crisis is 6 (bad) than feared. It is based on data from just over a year ago when nearly 1,500 people 7 (die) as average temperatures in the US and Canada more than doubled. “An extraordinary and 8 (expect) heatwave swept western North America in late June of 2021. It resulted in hundreds of deaths and a massive die-off of sea 9 (creature) off the coast as well as horrible wildfires,” say scientists. Computer data found greenhouse gases are the main reason for increased temperatures in the past and will be likely 10 (become) the main contributing factor. 【答案】 1．by 2．are fuelled/are fueled 3．what 4．fifth 5．an 6．worse 7．died 8．unexpected 9．creatures 10．to become 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍极端高温天气给人类带来的危害。 1．考查介词。句意：该研究警告称，未来几年极端热浪将增加30%以上。上下文是表示前后数据的对比，这里需要介词by，意为“增加了……”。故填by。 2．考查谓语动词。句意：据科学家称，它们是由化石燃料的燃烧和其他人类活动驱动的。这句话描述的是现在的事实，谓语用一般现在时，动词fuel和句子主语They是动宾关系，用被动语态结构，be动词用are。故填are fuelled/are fueled。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：周二是英国有史以来最热的一天，这是气候预报员认为2050年典型夏季天气的早期预览。空格处引导介词of后面的宾语从句，在从句中作主语，指物，意为“什么”，用连词what引导。故填what。 4．考查数词。句意：野火席卷了美国，该国五分之二以上的地区处于高温预警状态。这里需要用序数词，表示分母。故填fifth。 5．考查冠词。句意：现在，对大气环流模式和温室气体的分析表明，这场危机比人们担心的要更严重。这里需要不定冠词，修饰后面的单数可数名词analysis，表示泛指，“一个”的意思，analysis的第一个音素是元音音素，用an。故填an。 6．考查形容词比较级。句意：见第5题详解。空格后面有than，表示对比，所以前面用比较级。故填worse。 7．考查谓语动词。句意：这是基于一年多前的数据，当时美国和加拿大的平均气温翻了一番多，近1500人死亡。这句话有over a year ago作时间状语，描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时。故填died。 8．考查形容词。句意：2021年6月下旬，一场非同寻常、出乎意料的热浪席卷了北美西部。根据上下文意思可知，这里需要形容词unexpected，意为“出乎意料的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词heatwave。故填unexpected。 9．考查名词的数。句意：这导致数百人死亡，海岸外的海洋生物大量死亡，以及可怕的野火。这里需要用名词的复数形式，表示泛指，作宾语。故填creatures。 10．考查固定短语。句意：计算机数据发现，温室气体是过去气温升高的主要原因，并可能成为主要因素。这里考查固定短语be likely to do，意为“很可能做某事”。故填to become。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Floods and landslides are hard 1 (avoid). However, to protect against them, people take a 2 (vary) of measures. These could include 3 (pass) various laws that prohibit (禁止) cutting down trees and building houses in these areas. Measures can 4 (take) at all levels so that no one is misusing or overusing their share of resources like water and food. Areas where strong winds and tornadoes 5 (frequent) happen need different precautionary (预防的) 6 (method). Tornadoes and storms can be predicted (预测) to a degree in today’s world. Once one is predicted, it is important not to walk out without reason. Asking the kids to stay at home is another good measure. These areas usually have strongly 7 (build) houses not to be damaged by extreme conditions. However, having a basement where you can stay and wait for the storm to pass 8 (be) not a bad idea. Make sure that the basement has 9 door that takes you directly out of the house in case that the house collapses (倒塌), you can get out of the basement. To protect against natural disasters, safety measures need to be taken by governments. Communities need to have small plans in place because of the happening of a disaster. And the nearest people that can help you will be those 10 live in your neighborhood. 【答案】 1．to avoid 2．variety 3．passing 4．be taken 5．frequently 6．methods 7．built 8．is 9．a 10．who 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了预防各种灾害的措施。 1．考查不定式。句意：洪水和山体滑坡难以避免。“主语+be+形容词+动词不定式”，表示“做某事是怎样的”，此处表示洪水和山体滑坡难以避免，因此空格处用不定式to avoid。故填to avoid。 2．考查名词。句意：然而，为了防止它们，人们采取了各种措施。a variety of是固定短语，意为“各种各样的”，故填variety。 3．考查动名词。句意：这些措施可能包括通过各种法律，禁止在这些地区砍伐树木和建造房屋。空格处用动名词passing作宾语，故填passing。 4．考查被动语态。句意：可以在各级采取措施，使任何人都不会滥用或过度使用他们所拥有的资源，如水和食物。措施是被采取，句子用被动语态，空前有情态动词can，因此空格处用be done，故填be taken。 5．考查副词。句意：经常发生强风和龙卷风的地区需要采取不同的预防措施。空格处用副词修饰动词happen，frequent的副词是frequently，意为“经常，频繁地”。故填frequently。 6．考查名词的复数。句意：经常发生强风和龙卷风的地区需要采取不同的预防措施。空前有different，空格处用复数，故填methods。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些地区通常有坚固的房屋，不会被极端条件破坏。句中谓语是have，空格处用非谓语动词，houses和build之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填built。 8．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，有一个地下室，你可以呆在那里等待风暴过去，这是个不错的主意。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是动名词having，动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数，因此空格处是is，故填is。 9．考查冠词。句意：确保地下室有一扇门，可以直接带你出去，以防房子倒塌，你可以从地下室出来。door是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，door是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 10．考查定语从句。句意：离你最近的可以帮助你的人将是住在你附近的人。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词those是人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故填who。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $