专题03 形容词和副词（复习讲义）（重庆专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦形容词和副词专题，覆盖中考核心考点，包括形容词副词辨析、比较级和最高级，对接语法选择、完形填空等5-8分题型。以“考情剖析-思维导图-考点通关-优题精选”为架构，通过梳理语法功能、变化规则等知识点，结合解题锦囊指导，搭配真题训练突破语境化、综合性考查难点。 亮点在于语境化解题策略与分层训练设计，如通过“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构培养思维品质，结合校园、家庭场景材料提升语言能力。设基础单选、能力完形等分层练习，配合即时反馈，助力学生高效掌握高频词汇运用，教师可依此精准把控复习节奏，提升备考效率。

专题03 形容词和副词 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 ★ 考点一 形容词辨析 3 ★ 考点二 副词辨析 5 ★ 考点三 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 6 04 优题精选·练能提分 11 名词 课程分析 考情剖析 在重庆中考英语试卷中，形容词和副词是语法考查的核心考点之一，总分值约5–8分，分布在多个题型中： 1. 语法选择：每年必考1–2题，主要考查比较等级、词性辨析、副词修饰动词/形容词等基础用法。 2. 完形填空：常结合语境考查形容词词义辨析、比较级/最高级的运用，一般1–2题。 3. 完成句子：偶尔涉及“the+比较级，the+比较级”“be+形容词+介词”等固定结构，占1–2分。 4. 书面表达：正确使用形容词和副词能提升作文表达的丰富性，是评分的加分项。 命题预测 1. 语境化：不再单纯考查语法规则，而是结合生活场景、故事类语篇考查形容词和副词的运用，要求学生根据上下文判断词义和形式。 2. 综合性：常与动词、介词、代词等知识点结合考查，如形容词修饰复合不定代词与定语后置结合，比较级与时态结合。 3. 生活化：选材贴近学生生活（如校园、家庭、社会热点），考查的形容词和副词多为日常高频词汇（如happy、quickly、important等）。 解题锦囊 1. 夯实基础：熟记形容词和副词的词性功能、比较等级变化规则（尤其是不规则变化）。 2. 聚焦语境：通过完形、阅读语篇练习，培养根据上下文选择合适形容词/副词的能力。 3. 总结易错点：整理易混词（如hard/hardly、alone/lonely）、比较级重复使用（more kinder）等典型错误，强化记忆。 4. 结合写作：在书面表达中有意识地使用不同等级的形容词和副词，提升语言表达的层次感。 考点一 形容词辨析 形容词的语法功能及位置 1. 作定语：形容词修饰something、anything、nothing、everything等复合不定代词时，需放在其后。 例：I have something important to do.（我有些重要的事情要做。） 2. 作表语： (1) 放在系动词（be、feel、look、smell、get、become等）之后。 例：He looks sad.（他看上去很伤心。） (2) 以-ing和-ed结尾的动词分词作形容词时，-ing结尾表“令人……的”；-ed结尾表“感到……的”。 3. 作宾语补足语：常与make、leave、keep等动词连用。 例：You should keep your mouth open.（你应该一直张着嘴。） 4. 形容词名词化：某些形容词在定冠词后变名词，表一类人。 例：the dead/young/old/poor/rich 一、单项选择 1．（2025·甘肃酒泉·中考真题）To my _________, my mother was not _________ at the _________ news. A．surprise; surprise; surprise B．surprised; surprised; surprised C．surprise; surprising; surprised D．surprise; surprised; surprising 2． (2023重庆B卷) He felt very painful and couldn’t fall ______. A. asleep B. sleepy C. sleeping 3．(2025重庆中考·语法选择) Through his ______ work, more and more students are following in his footsteps. A. hard B. harder C. hardly 4．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Sometimes I drink a lot of coffee to stay ________ in class. A．wake B．awake C．sleep D．asleep 5．（2024·四川攀枝花·中考真题）With my coach’s professional suggestions, I feel much ________ to enter the competition now. A．confident B．more confident C．confidently D．more confidently 6．（2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟）I want to take one of the ____ coats in the shop because I don’t have enough money. A．expensive B．most expensive C．least expensive D．inexpensive 7．（2025·西藏·中考真题）For some people, Choudoufu smells ________ but tastes good. A．sweetly B．sweet C．badly D．bad 8．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）When seeing the Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship flying into the sky, my father was ______ than any one of us. A．more excited B．more exciting C．the most excited D．the most exciting 9．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）—How are you feeling today, young man? —Much ________. The medicine works. Thank you, Doctor. A．best B．better C．worst D．worse 10．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）An ________ boy, Li Wen, works hard and gets good grades in his final exam. A．eighteen-year-olds B．eighteen-year-old C．eighteen years old 二、完成句子 11．（2025·重庆北碚·三模）bedroom, to, need, tidy, our, make, we (连词成句) . 12．（2025·重庆九龙坡·三模）你要确认所有窗户都关了。(完成译句） You have to that all windows are closed. 13．（2025·重庆九龙坡·三模）makes, listening, me, to, relaxed, music, soft（连词成句） . 14．（2025·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）青少年应该对自己自信一些。（完成译句） Teenagers should be in themselves. 15．（25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末）不要担心我的学习，我不会让你失望的。（完成译句） Don’t worry about my study. I won’t you . 16．（2025·重庆九龙坡·一模）allowed, drive; to, not,16-year-olds, be, should (连词成句) . 考点二 副词辨析 副词的语法功能及位置 副词可作状语、表语等，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，具体分类及用法： 1. 地点、时间和方式副词：here、there、soon、carefully等。 2. 频度副词：always、usually、often、sometimes、hardly（几乎不；几乎没有）、hardly ever（几乎从不）、seldom（不常；很少）、never等。 3. 程度副词：very、too（太）、so、really、pretty（相当）、rather、quite、almost、nearly、hardly（常用于can、could之后，表否定意义）、enough等。 注：enough置于所修饰的形容词、副词之后，置于所修饰的名词之前。 例：I’m old enough to look after myself now.（我现在已经长大了，可以照顾自己了。） 4. 疑问副词：when、where、why、how、how long、how soon、how far、how often等，常置于句首构成特殊疑问句。 5. 其他副词： (1) 否定副词：not、neither（也不）、either（也，用在否定句末尾）、nor（也不） (2) 转折副词：however（然而；不过） (3) 其他：also、too（也）、only等 一、单项选择 1．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）Among the characters in Journey to the West, I like the Monkey King ________. A．good B．well C．better D．best 2．(2024重庆A卷·语法选择) “What will you do when you grow up?” I answered ______. A. proud B. proudly C. pride 3．（2025·西藏·中考真题）A robot dancing show could catch children’s eyes ________. A．easily B．easy C．easier D．easiest 4．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Why not give up coffee ________? Or at least stop drinking it after 2:00 p.m. A．sudden B．suddenly C．complete D．completely 5．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）Lucy is a good reader. She is ________ to get the deep meaning of this book. A．too smart B．too slow C．smart enough D．slow enough 6．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）Jack is crazy about sports. He ________ takes part in the school sports meeting. A．never B．seldom C．sometimes D．always 7．（2024·山东东营·中考真题）Today AI technology is developing ________ we can imagine. Nobody knows what will happen tomorrow. A．much faster than B．as fast as C．more slowly than D．as slowly as 8．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）It’s such an important meeting that everyone is advised to dress ________. A．careful B．carefully C．proper D．properly 二、完成句子。 9．（2025·重庆渝中·二模）was, to, save, man, the, he, brave, old, enough (连词成句) . 10．（2025·重庆·模拟预测）difficult, road, is, success, how, to, the, (连词成句) ! 考点三 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 ㈠比较级和最高级的构成（规则变化） 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est high tall higher taller highest tallest 以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-r或-st fine late finer later finest latest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est big thin bigger thinner biggest thinnest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”，再加-er或-est easy early easier earlier easiest earliest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most comfortable comfortably more comfortable more comfortably most comfortable most comfortably （2）不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther farthest further furthest ◇特别提醒 1. 以“形容词+ly”构成的副词，用more、most构成比较级或最高级： slowly→ more slowly→ most slowly quickly → more quickly → most quickly 2. 其他提醒： further：可指“距离更远”，也可指“程度更深”，如further study（进修）、further education（继续教育）、further information（进一步的信息）。 elder：用于同辈之间的排行，如elder sister（姐姐）、elder brother（哥哥）。 less：作“更少”讲，修饰不可数名词；修饰可数名词用fewer；还可修饰形容词，表“不太……”。 strict、friendly、clever、lovely的比较级和最高级，既可加-er/-est，也可加more/most。 ㈡比较级的用法 1. 表两者间比较，句型：A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B，意为“A比B……”。比较应在同类事物之间进行。 例：Your English is better than me.（此句错误，应改为Your English is better than mine.） 例：Her room is bigger than mine.（她的房间比我的房间大。） 2. a lot、much、even可修饰形容词/副词的比较级，too、very、so不可。 例：I feel even colder today.（我感觉今天更冷了。）（注：a little可修饰原级或比较级） 注意：表达“不如……重要”：less+形容词原级+than。 例：I think money is less important than health.（我认为金钱不如健康重要。） 3. the+比较级，the+比较级，意为“越……就越……”。 例：The harder they work, the happier they feel.（他们工作越努力，就觉得越开心。） 4. 比较级+and+比较级，意为“越来越……”；若比较级由more+原级构成，则用more and more+形容词原级。 例：①It’s getting hotter and hotter in summer.（夏天越来越热了。） ②He’s getting more and more outgoing.（他越来越外向了。） 5. 表两者间“较……的一个”，比较级前加the。 例：Mary is the taller of the twins.（玛丽是双胞胎中较高的一个。） 6. 表“A和B比较，哪一个更……？”，用Which/Who + 谓语动词 + 比较级，A or B？ 例：Who runs faster, you or your sister?（你和你的姐姐谁跑得更快？） 7. 表达倍数：A+谓语动词+倍数+比较级+than+B，表“几倍于……”。 例：This car is twice more expensive than that one.（这辆车比那辆车贵两倍。） ㈢最高级的用法 1. 表三者或三者以上的人/物比较，用最高级形式；形容词最高级前必须加the，句末常跟in/of/among短语表范围。形容词最高级前可有物主代词、名词所有格修饰，此时不能再用定冠词the。 例：This is my cheapest bag.（这是我最便宜的包。） 例：He is the youngest of the three boys.（他是三个男孩中最年轻的。） 注：in表“某一范围内”（如in my class、in the world）；of后接的词与主语同类，名词前一般有the；among表“在（三者或三者以上）之间”，后接代词或名词。 2. 表三者或三者以上的人/物选择，用Which/Who + 谓语动词 + 最高级，A, B or C? 3.表示“最……之一”时，用one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数形式。 例：Zheng Qinwen is one of the most popular sports stars.（郑钦文是最受欢迎的体育明星之一。） 4.形容词最高级前可加序数词，表“第几最……”。 例：Tom is the second tallest boy in our class.（汤姆是我们班第二高的男生。） 5.形容词比较级结构可表最高级含义： 例：Jim is the strongest student in his class. = Jim is stronger than any other student in his class. = Jim is stronger than the other students in his class.（吉姆是他班上最强壮的学生。） ㈣原级的用法 1.表AB两者程度相同，用A+谓语动词+as+原级+as+B。 例：English is as interesting as Chinese.（英语和汉语一样有趣。） 2.表A不如B，用A+谓语动词+not+as/so+原级+as+B；也可用less+原级+than结构。 例：①This car isn’t as/so new as that one.（这辆车不如那辆车新。） ②I think money is less important than health.（我认为金钱不如健康重要。） 3.原级与比较级的转换： 例：She speaks louder than me. = I don’t speak as loud as her/she.（她讲话比我大声。） 1、 单项选择 1．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—Many students think math is ________ English. —I agree. I’m weak in English. A．much difficult than B．so difficult as C．less difficult than D．more difficult than 2．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）But it only gets ________. I can hardly get any sleep in the night now. A．good B．better C．bad D．worse 3． (2024重庆A卷·语法选择) Personally, the experience has made me even more ______ in being a teacher in the future. A. interest B. interested C. interesting 4．(2024重庆B卷·语法选择) She is always saying, “Don’t you think mine is ______ than theirs?” A. good B. better C. best 5．（2025·天津·中考真题）Lingling is one of ________ students in my class. She is always ready to offer help. A．helpful B．more helpful C．less helpful D．the most helpful 6．（2025·云南·中考真题）Journey to the West is one of ________ classic novels in China. People like reading it. A．famous B．more famous C．the more famous D．the most famous 7．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）In a DIY club, the more we practice, ________ we become. A．the worse B．the worst C．the better D．the best 8．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）Robots will make our lives ________ than before. A．much convenient B．much more convenient C．the most convenient 9．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—The sight of the Yellow River is quite beautiful. Is it the longest river in China? —No, it is ________ longest river in China. It’s the “Mother River” of the Chinese people. A．second B．the second C．a second 10．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—If ________ people drive cars, there will be ________ air pollution. —I think so. I hope our environment will be better and better. A．fewer; less B．less; fewer C．more; less 11．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）Mount Gongga is the_____mountain in Sichuan, higher than any other in this area. A．high B．higher C．highest 12．（2024·天津·中考真题）Many people think eating at home is ________ than eating in the restaurant. A．healthy B．healthier C．healthiest D．the healthiest 13．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）How amazing! Human workers pick tea fast. Those tea-picking robots work even ________. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 二、完成句子 6. (2023重庆A卷·完成译句) 书读得越多，你懂得就越多。 The ______ books you read, the ______ you’ll know. 一、完成句子 Ⅰ. 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. We found a 100-______(meter)-tall tree a few days ago. 2. Nothing is ______(nice) than a glass of water when you are thirsty. 3. Because of the heavy rain, my dad drove me home as ______(care) as he could that day. 4. Tom was playing chess when the rain began to beat ______(heavy) against the window. 5. In the folk story, the amazing white snake is ______(lucky) saved by a young man. 6. Eating more vegetables can help us live much ______(health). 7. Sam did ______(good) in his studies this year than last year. 8. Remember this, kids. The ______(hard) you work, the luckier you will be. 9. The drink was excellent, but the food was ______(disappoint). 10. Lanzhou is the only capital city that the Yellow River, the second ______(long) river in China, passes through. Ⅱ语法选择。 In ancient Greece, there was ___1___ excellent scientist called Archimedes. He was interested in numbers, shapes and ___2___ things worked. People from far and near often turned to him with problems and he always gave smart ___3___ . One day, the king ___4___ him for help. The king had a gold crown (皇冠). Though the crown looked nice, some people said it was not pure gold— maybe silver was mixed in the crown. The king would like to know the truth, but he didn’t want to get the crown ___5___ . Archimedes thought hard about the problem for days. One afternoon, when he got into his bath, he saw water spilling (溢出) over all sides. Suddenly, he had an idea! He rushed out of the bathroom, shouting “Eureka! Eureka!” ___6___ , which means “I’ve got it!” in Greek. Then he did an experiment (实验) . He filled a bowl ___7___ water, and took a gold block (砖) and a silver block. ___8___ were the same weight as the crown. First, he put the silver in— the water spilled a lot. Then he put the gold in—less water spilled. At last, he tested the crown. It made ___9___ water spill than the gold block. This showed the crown was not pure gold. Archimedes showed us that great ideas could grow from small, everyday moments, just like ___10___ water spill from a bath. 1. A. a B. an C. the 2. A. how B. why C. what 3. A. answer B. answers C. answers’ 4. A. ask B. asks C. asked 5. A. break B. broke C. broken 6. A. excite B. excited C. excitedly 7. A. with B. for C. of 8. A. All B. Both C. Each 9. A. much B. more C. the most 10. A. watch B. watching C. to watch Ⅲ. 完形填空。 I was aboard a ship sailing from India to London. No one could miss Padishah, an Indian businessman wearing a turban ___1___ a large diamond. It drew everyone’s attention— even that of the five ostriches on deck. One morning, as Padishah walked past them, one bird suddenly swallowed (吞下) the diamond, then ran away and ___2___ itself with the group within seconds. “Who owns these ostriches? My diamond! Come back here, stupid birds!” Padishah shouted. He was so ___3___ that he kept running after these ostriches, drawing a crowd— I was among the first to arrive. He asked around for advice on how to get his diamond back. Word ___4___ quickly across the ship: Who was the owner of these ostriches? Eventually, it reached a man named Potter. He came to Padishah and said, “I’ve talked to the owner in London. He agreed to sell me all five ostriches—I am now their owner.” I thought Potter was clever, and I deeply regretted missing my ___5___ to buy them myself. Before long Potter said that he would auction (拍卖) four of the birds, starting at eighty pounds each and that he would keep the fifth for ___6___. The first bird was sold for a hundred pounds, and the prices kept climbing. ___7___ the fourth was auctioned, I looked at the last ostrich. “This ___8___ be the one!” I thought. I asked Potter to speak in private. After a long talk, I got the bird for seven hundred pounds. The next morning, I was waiting in line to ___9___ the ship, picturing the amazing future life in mind. Then, I saw Padishah and Potter walking ___10___ on the shore (海岸), like old friends. At that moment, I learned a lesson worth a diamond. 1. A. for B. with C. on D. in 2. A. mixed B. shared C. covered D. connected 3. A. mad B. excited C. down D. scared 4. A. entered B. appeared C. spread D. stuck 5. A. purpose B. honor C. choice D. chance 6. A. itself B. himself C. ourselves D. themselves 7. A. Before B. After C. But D. Though 8. A. may B. must C. couldn’t D. can’t 9. A. get off B. get on C. get up D. get down 10. A. face to face B. step by step C. time after time D. arm in arm Ⅳ.完成译句 1. 自从去年读了那本书，珍妮就对科学产生了兴趣。 Jenny has been ______ ______ science since she read that book last year. 2. 我们感激邻居在我们搬家时给予的帮助。 We are ______ ______ the help our neighbors gave us when we moved house. 3. 李老师对学生很严格，但他们都知道他关心他们的进步。 Mr. Li is ______ ______ his students, but they all know he cares about their progress. 4. 露西的父母为她在英语竞赛中取得的成绩感到自豪。 Lucy's parents are ______ ______ what she has achieved in the English competition. 5. 杰克说他厌倦了待在家里，想去外面散步。 Jack said he was ______ ______ staying at home and wanted to go out for a walk. 6. 如果你熟悉这座城市的交通规则，就不会轻易迷路。 If you are ______ ______ this city's traffic rules, you won't get lost easily. Ⅴ.概要补全 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要，补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 A “happy place” is something that brings you comfort, safety and happiness — you can be there in real life or just imagine it. It can be physical places like your bedroom, a nearby park or your grandma’s house; it can also be mental (精神的) spaces such as a peaceful beach you remember from childhood or a magical garden you dream up. No matter what it is, it helps you get away from stress, sadness or boredom and feel better again. Scientist Frances Trussell says you can turn to your happy place whenever you need it. For example, after arguing with your parents, you may feel angry; when you know your bad exam results, you may feel upset; or when your best friend misunderstands you, you may feel sad — these are all good times to go to your happy place. The best part is that it’s always there for you; you don’t have to go anywhere or change your plans to feel its calm. Creating your own happy place is easy, and you can make it exactly the way you like. If it’s a physical space, you can set up a comfortable corner in your bedroom with cushions, a soft blanket, your favorite books or small gifts that matter to you. For a mental or imaginary happy place, first, you can pick up a happy moment from your memories — maybe a day at the park or a quiet night with family. Then, try to picture every detail (细节): what you saw, heard, smelled and felt. If you’re making up a new place, let your creativity run wild-add all the things that make you smile. By making and using your happy place on purpose, you’ll feel better whenever life gets hard — and the more you use it, the more you will enjoy staying there. A “happy place” is something that makes us ____1____. It can be in physical or mental form. Scientist Trussell suggests turning to it if needed. When ____2____, it’s the perfect time to go to our happy place. ____3____ by setting up a corner, or an imaginary one by using memories and creativity. Finally, the more we use this happy place, ____4____ it will be. 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 形容词和副词 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 ★ 考点一 形容词辨析 3 ★ 考点二 副词辨析 7 ★ 考点三 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 10 04 优题精选·练能提分 16 名词 课程分析 考情剖析 在重庆中考英语试卷中，形容词和副词是语法考查的核心考点之一，总分值约5–8分，分布在多个题型中： 1. 语法选择：每年必考1–2题，主要考查比较等级、词性辨析、副词修饰动词/形容词等基础用法。 2. 完形填空：常结合语境考查形容词词义辨析、比较级/最高级的运用，一般1–2题。 3. 完成句子：偶尔涉及“the+比较级，the+比较级”“be+形容词+介词”等固定结构，占1–2分。 4. 书面表达：正确使用形容词和副词能提升作文表达的丰富性，是评分的加分项。 命题预测 1. 语境化：不再单纯考查语法规则，而是结合生活场景、故事类语篇考查形容词和副词的运用，要求学生根据上下文判断词义和形式。 2. 综合性：常与动词、介词、代词等知识点结合考查，如形容词修饰复合不定代词与定语后置结合，比较级与时态结合。 3. 生活化：选材贴近学生生活（如校园、家庭、社会热点），考查的形容词和副词多为日常高频词汇（如happy、quickly、important等）。 解题锦囊 1. 夯实基础：熟记形容词和副词的词性功能、比较等级变化规则（尤其是不规则变化）。 2. 聚焦语境：通过完形、阅读语篇练习，培养根据上下文选择合适形容词/副词的能力。 3. 总结易错点：整理易混词（如hard/hardly、alone/lonely）、比较级重复使用（more kinder）等典型错误，强化记忆。 4. 结合写作：在书面表达中有意识地使用不同等级的形容词和副词，提升语言表达的层次感。 考点一 形容词辨析 形容词的语法功能及位置 1. 作定语：形容词修饰something、anything、nothing、everything等复合不定代词时，需放在其后。 例：I have something important to do.（我有些重要的事情要做。） 2. 作表语： (1) 放在系动词（be、feel、look、smell、get、become等）之后。 例：He looks sad.（他看上去很伤心。） (2) 以-ing和-ed结尾的动词分词作形容词时，-ing结尾表“令人……的”；-ed结尾表“感到……的”。 3. 作宾语补足语：常与make、leave、keep等动词连用。 例：You should keep your mouth open.（你应该一直张着嘴。） 4. 形容词名词化：某些形容词在定冠词后变名词，表一类人。 例：the dead/young/old/poor/rich 一、单项选择 1．（2025·甘肃酒泉·中考真题）To my _________, my mother was not _________ at the _________ news. A．surprise; surprise; surprise B．surprised; surprised; surprised C．surprise; surprising; surprised D．surprise; surprised; surprising 【答案】D 【详解】句意：令我惊讶的是，我母亲对这个令人惊讶的消息并不感到惊讶。 考查固定搭配及形容词辨析。to one’s surprise是固定短语，意为“令某人惊讶的是”，第一空填名词surprise；第二空描述母亲“不感到惊讶”，修饰人用surprised；第三空修饰物news，表示“令人惊讶的”，用surprising。故选D。 2． (2023重庆B卷) He felt very painful and couldn’t fall ______. A. asleep B. sleepy C. sleeping 【答案】A 【详解】固定搭配fall asleep意为“入睡”；sleepy意为“困倦的”，sleeping是现在分词，均不符合搭配。 3．(2025重庆中考·语法选择) Through his ______ work, more and more students are following in his footsteps. A. hard B. harder C. hardly 【答案】A 【详解】hard作形容词，意为“努力的”，修饰名词work；harder是比较级，此处无比较语境；hardly意为“几乎不”，不符合句意。 4．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Sometimes I drink a lot of coffee to stay ________ in class. A．wake B．awake C．sleep D．asleep 【答案】B 【详解】句意：有时我在课堂上喝很多咖啡来保持清醒。 考查词汇辨析及形容词作表语。wake唤醒，动词；awake醒着的，形容词；sleep睡觉，动词或名词；asleep睡着的，形容词。根据“Sometimes I drink a lot of coffee to stay ... in class.”可知，喝咖啡是为了保持清醒，由“stay”可知，此处应该用形容词awake作表语。故选B。 5．（2024·四川攀枝花·中考真题）With my coach’s professional suggestions, I feel much ________ to enter the competition now. A．confident B．more confident C．confidently D．more confidently 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在我的教练的专业建议下，我现在更有信心参加比赛了。 考查形容词比较级用法。confident自信的，形容词；more confident更自信的，形容词比较级；confidently自信地，副词；more confidently更自信地，副词比较级。根据“I feel much..”可知，此处要用形容词作表语，much修饰比较级。故选B。 6．（2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟）I want to take one of the ____ coats in the shop because I don’t have enough money. A．expensive B．most expensive C．least expensive D．inexpensive 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想买一件店里最便宜的外套，因为我没有充足的钱。 考查词义辨析。expensive贵的；most expensive最贵的；least expensive最便宜的；inexpensive廉价的，便宜的。根据“one of”可判断应用最高级形式，排除A、D项；再结合“because I don’t have enough money”可知，要买便宜的。故选C。 7．（2025·西藏·中考真题）For some people, Choudoufu smells ________ but tastes good. A．sweetly B．sweet C．badly D．bad 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对一些人来说，臭豆腐闻起来很难闻，但吃起来很好吃。 考查形容词的用法。sweetly甜美地，副词；sweet甜的，形容词；badly差，副词；bad令人不快的，形容词。根据“Choudoufu smells…but tastes good.”可知，此处指臭豆腐闻起来不好闻，但是味道很好吃，smells接形容词作表语，bad符合语境。故选D。 8．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）When seeing the Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship flying into the sky, my father was ______ than any one of us. A．more excited B．more exciting C．the most excited D．the most exciting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当看到神舟十八号载人飞船飞向天空时，我父亲比我们任何人都兴奋。 考查形容词辨析和比较级。more excited更兴奋的；more exciting更令人兴奋的；the most excited最兴奋的；the most exciting最令人兴奋的。根据“than”可知，应用比较级；再根据“my father”可知，形容词人的感受要用-ed结尾的形容词，即excited符合题意。故选A。 9．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）—How are you feeling today, young man? —Much ________. The medicine works. Thank you, Doctor. A．best B．better C．worst D．worse 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——年轻人，你今天感觉怎么样？——好多了。这药有效。谢谢您，医生。 考查形容词辨析和比较级的用法。best最好的；better更好的；worst最坏的；worse更坏的。根据“The medicine works.”可知，药有效，所以感觉更好了，much修饰形容词比较级，故选B。 10．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）An ________ boy, Li Wen, works hard and gets good grades in his final exam. A．eighteen-year-olds B．eighteen-year-old C．eighteen years old 【答案】B 【详解】句意：一个十八岁的男孩李文学习很努力，在期末考试中取得好成绩。 考查形容词用法。此空修饰名词boy，用“数词-可数名词单数-形容词”作定语。故选B。 二、完成句子 11．（2025·重庆北碚·三模）bedroom, to, need, tidy, our, make, we (连词成句) . 【答案】We need to make our bedroom tidy 【详解】根据标点符号可知，句子是陈述句。we“我们”作主语；need“需要”作谓语动词；to make是动词不定式作宾语；our bedroom作make的宾语；tidy作宾语补足语。故填We need to keep our bedroom tidy“我们需要保持房间整洁”。 12．（2025·重庆九龙坡·三模）你要确认所有窗户都关了。(完成译句） You have to that all windows are closed. 【答案】 make sure 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“确认”的英文，make sure意为“确认”，动词短语。have to后跟动词原形。故填make；sure。 13．（2025·重庆九龙坡·三模）makes, listening, me, to, relaxed, music, soft（连词成句） . 【答案】Listening to soft music makes me relaxed 【详解】根据所给词以及标点可知，句子是肯定句，句子主语是动名词短语Listening to soft music；谓语是makes，宾语是me，宾补是relaxed。故填Listening to soft music makes me relaxed“听轻柔的音乐让我放松”。 14．（2025·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）青少年应该对自己自信一些。（完成译句） Teenagers should be in themselves. 【答案】 more confident 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，be confident in“对……有自信”，此处是比较级，应用more confident。故填more；confident。 15．（25九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末）不要担心我的学习，我不会让你失望的。（完成译句） Don’t worry about my study. I won’t you . 【答案】 let/make down/disappointed 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空缺部分是“让……失望”，let sb down或make sb disappointed“使某人失望”，固定短语；won’t后跟动词原形。故填let/make；down/disappointed。 16．（2025·重庆九龙坡·一模）allowed, drive; to, not,16-year-olds, be, should (连词成句) . 【答案】16-year-olds should not be allowed to drive 【详解】根据所给词及标点可知，此句为否定句；16-year-olds作主语；should，情态动词，后接not构成否定句；be allowed to do sth.“被允许做某事”；drive“开车”。故填16-year-olds should not be allowed to drive“16岁的孩子不应该被允许开车”。 考点二 副词辨析 副词的语法功能及位置 副词可作状语、表语等，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，具体分类及用法： 1. 地点、时间和方式副词：here、there、soon、carefully等。 2. 频度副词：always、usually、often、sometimes、hardly（几乎不；几乎没有）、hardly ever（几乎从不）、seldom（不常；很少）、never等。 3. 程度副词：very、too（太）、so、really、pretty（相当）、rather、quite、almost、nearly、hardly（常用于can、could之后，表否定意义）、enough等。 注：enough置于所修饰的形容词、副词之后，置于所修饰的名词之前。 例：I’m old enough to look after myself now.（我现在已经长大了，可以照顾自己了。） 4. 疑问副词：when、where、why、how、how long、how soon、how far、how often等，常置于句首构成特殊疑问句。 5. 其他副词： (1) 否定副词：not、neither（也不）、either（也，用在否定句末尾）、nor（也不） (2) 转折副词：however（然而；不过） (3) 其他：also、too（也）、only等 一、单项选择 1．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）Among the characters in Journey to the West, I like the Monkey King ________. A．good B．well C．better D．best 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在《西游记》的角色中，我最喜欢孙悟空。 考查副词最高级。good好的（形容词原级）；well好（副词原级）；better更好（副词比较级）；best最好（副词最高级）。根据“Among the characters in Journey to the West”（在《西游记》的多个角色中）可知，此处是三者或三者以上的比较，应用最高级；且“like”为动词，需用副词“well”的最高级“best”修饰，表示“最喜欢”。故选D。 2．(2024重庆A卷·语法选择) “What will you do when you grow up?” I answered ______. A. proud B. proudly C. pride 【答案】B 【详解】proudly是副词，修饰动词answered；proud是形容词，pride是名词，均不能修饰动词。 3．（2025·西藏·中考真题）A robot dancing show could catch children’s eyes ________. A．easily B．easy C．easier D．easiest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：机器人舞蹈表演很容易吸引孩子们的眼球。 考查副词的用法。easily容易地，副词；easy容易的，形容词；easier更容易，比较级；easiest最容易，最高级。此处修饰动词“catch”，用副词easily。故选A。 4．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Why not give up coffee ________? Or at least stop drinking it after 2:00 p.m. A．sudden B．suddenly C．complete D．completely 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为什么不彻底戒掉咖啡？或者至少在下午2点后停止饮用。   考查副词辨析。sudden突然的（形容词）；suddenly突然地；complete完全的（形容词）；completely完全地。根据句意需要修饰动词“give up”，应选择副词形式，且“completely”更符合彻底戒掉的语义。故选D。 5．（2025·江苏常州·中考真题）Lucy is a good reader. She is ________ to get the deep meaning of this book. A．too smart B．too slow C．smart enough D．slow enough 【答案】C 【详解】句意：露西是个优秀的读者。她足够聪明，能够领会这本书的深层含义。考查形容词辨析和enough后置。too smart太聪明；too slow太慢；smart enough足够聪明；slow enough足够慢。根据“She is ... to get the deep meaning of this book.”可知，她足够聪明，能够领会这本书的深层含义。故选C。 6．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）Jack is crazy about sports. He ________ takes part in the school sports meeting. A．never B．seldom C．sometimes D．always 【答案】D 【详解】句意：杰克酷爱运动。他总是参加学校运动会。 考查副词辨析。never从不；seldom很少；sometimes有时；always总是。根据“Jack is crazy about sports. He...takes part in the school sports meeting.”可知他喜欢运动，所以总是参加学校运动会。故选D。 7．（2024·山东东营·中考真题）Today AI technology is developing ________ we can imagine. Nobody knows what will happen tomorrow. A．much faster than B．as fast as C．more slowly than D．as slowly as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：今天，人工智能技术的发展速度比我们想象的要快得多。没有人知道明天会发生什么。 考查比较级。much faster than比……快得多；as fast as和……一样快；more slowly than比……慢得多；as slowly as和……一样慢。根据“Nobody knows what will happen tomorrow.”可知，没有人知道明天会发生什么，说明现在人工智能的发展速度非常快，比我们想象的要快得多。故选A。 8．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）It’s such an important meeting that everyone is advised to dress ________. A．careful B．carefully C．proper D．properly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这场会议非常重要，建议每个人都穿着得体。 考查词义辨析和副词修饰动词。careful形容词，仔细的；carefully副词，仔细地；proper形容词，合适的；properly副词，得体地。根据“It’s such an important meeting that everyone is advised to dress...”可知，应该是穿着得体，在句中修饰动词，用副词形式。故选D。 二、完成句子。 9．（2025·重庆渝中·二模）was, to, save, man, the, he, brave, old, enough (连词成句) . 【答案】He was brave enough to save the old man 【详解】根据所给词可知，此句是陈述句。he是主语，was是be动词，brave“勇敢的”作表语，enough修饰形容词brave要后置，to save the old man是动词不定式作目的状语。按照陈述句主谓表及修饰成分的结构组合起来，故填He was brave enough to save the old man“他足够勇敢去救那位老人”。 10．（2025·重庆·模拟预测）difficult, road, is, success, how, to, the, (连词成句) ! 【答案】How difficult the road to success is 【详解】根据所给的词和标点可知，句子为how引导的感叹句，结构为“How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语!”。how放句首，首字母大写；difficult是形容词，the road to success是主语，is是谓语。故填How difficult the road to success is“通往成功的道路是多么艰难啊”。 考点三 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 ㈠比较级和最高级的构成（规则变化） 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est high tall higher taller highest tallest 以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-r或-st fine late finer later finest latest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est big thin bigger thinner biggest thinnest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”，再加-er或-est easy early easier earlier easiest earliest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most comfortable comfortably more comfortable more comfortably most comfortable most comfortably （2）不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther farthest further furthest ◇特别提醒 1. 以“形容词+ly”构成的副词，用more、most构成比较级或最高级： slowly→ more slowly→ most slowly quickly → more quickly → most quickly 2. 其他提醒： further：可指“距离更远”，也可指“程度更深”，如further study（进修）、further education（继续教育）、further information（进一步的信息）。 elder：用于同辈之间的排行，如elder sister（姐姐）、elder brother（哥哥）。 less：作“更少”讲，修饰不可数名词；修饰可数名词用fewer；还可修饰形容词，表“不太……”。 strict、friendly、clever、lovely的比较级和最高级，既可加-er/-est，也可加more/most。 ㈡比较级的用法 1. 表两者间比较，句型：A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B，意为“A比B……”。比较应在同类事物之间进行。 例：Your English is better than me.（此句错误，应改为Your English is better than mine.） 例：Her room is bigger than mine.（她的房间比我的房间大。） 2. a lot、much、even可修饰形容词/副词的比较级，too、very、so不可。 例：I feel even colder today.（我感觉今天更冷了。）（注：a little可修饰原级或比较级） 注意：表达“不如……重要”：less+形容词原级+than。 例：I think money is less important than health.（我认为金钱不如健康重要。） 3. the+比较级，the+比较级，意为“越……就越……”。 例：The harder they work, the happier they feel.（他们工作越努力，就觉得越开心。） 4. 比较级+and+比较级，意为“越来越……”；若比较级由more+原级构成，则用more and more+形容词原级。 例：①It’s getting hotter and hotter in summer.（夏天越来越热了。） ②He’s getting more and more outgoing.（他越来越外向了。） 5. 表两者间“较……的一个”，比较级前加the。 例：Mary is the taller of the twins.（玛丽是双胞胎中较高的一个。） 6. 表“A和B比较，哪一个更……？”，用Which/Who + 谓语动词 + 比较级，A or B？ 例：Who runs faster, you or your sister?（你和你的姐姐谁跑得更快？） 7. 表达倍数：A+谓语动词+倍数+比较级+than+B，表“几倍于……”。 例：This car is twice more expensive than that one.（这辆车比那辆车贵两倍。） ㈢最高级的用法 1. 表三者或三者以上的人/物比较，用最高级形式；形容词最高级前必须加the，句末常跟in/of/among短语表范围。形容词最高级前可有物主代词、名词所有格修饰，此时不能再用定冠词the。 例：This is my cheapest bag.（这是我最便宜的包。） 例：He is the youngest of the three boys.（他是三个男孩中最年轻的。） 注：in表“某一范围内”（如in my class、in the world）；of后接的词与主语同类，名词前一般有the；among表“在（三者或三者以上）之间”，后接代词或名词。 2. 表三者或三者以上的人/物选择，用Which/Who + 谓语动词 + 最高级，A, B or C? 3.表示“最……之一”时，用one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数形式。 例：Zheng Qinwen is one of the most popular sports stars.（郑钦文是最受欢迎的体育明星之一。） 4.形容词最高级前可加序数词，表“第几最……”。 例：Tom is the second tallest boy in our class.（汤姆是我们班第二高的男生。） 5.形容词比较级结构可表最高级含义： 例：Jim is the strongest student in his class. = Jim is stronger than any other student in his class. = Jim is stronger than the other students in his class.（吉姆是他班上最强壮的学生。） ㈣原级的用法 1.表AB两者程度相同，用A+谓语动词+as+原级+as+B。 例：English is as interesting as Chinese.（英语和汉语一样有趣。） 2.表A不如B，用A+谓语动词+not+as/so+原级+as+B；也可用less+原级+than结构。 例：①This car isn’t as/so new as that one.（这辆车不如那辆车新。） ②I think money is less important than health.（我认为金钱不如健康重要。） 3.原级与比较级的转换： 例：She speaks louder than me. = I don’t speak as loud as her/she.（她讲话比我大声。） 1、 单项选择 1．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—Many students think math is ________ English. —I agree. I’m weak in English. A．much difficult than B．so difficult as C．less difficult than D．more difficult than 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——很多学生认为数学不如英语难。——我同意。我英语不好。 考查形容词比较级结构。much difficult than，语法错误，多音节形容词比较级需用more/less； so difficult as，用于否定句，结构为“not so...as”，本句是肯定句，不适用； less difficult than不如……难；more difficult than比……难。根据“I agree. I’m weak in English.”可知，说话者认同数学难度低于英语。故选C。 2．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）But it only gets ________. I can hardly get any sleep in the night now. A．good B．better C．bad D．worse 【答案】D 【详解】句意：但情况只会变得更糟。我现在晚上几乎睡不着。 考查形容词辨析和比较级用法。good好的；better更好的；bad糟糕的；worse更糟的。根据“I can hardly get any sleep”可知，这表明情况不好，睡眠困难。所以，空格处应该描述情况向坏的方向发展，而非向好的方向，排除A和B；gets后接形容词比较级，表示变化，“it only gets worse”是英语惯用表达，强调情况没有改善反而恶化，排除C。故选D。 3． (2024重庆A卷·语法选择) Personally, the experience has made me even more ______ in being a teacher in the future. A. interest B. interested C. interesting 【答案】B 【详解】固定搭配be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”；interest是名词/动词，interesting修饰事物，均不符合语境。 4．(2024重庆B卷·语法选择) She is always saying, “Don’t you think mine is ______ than theirs?” A. good B. better C. best 【答案】B 【详解】由than可知用比较级，good的比较级是better；best是最高级，不符合语法。 5．（2025·天津·中考真题）Lingling is one of ________ students in my class. She is always ready to offer help. A．helpful B．more helpful C．less helpful D．the most helpful 【答案】D 【详解】句意：玲玲是我班上最乐于助人的学生之一。她总是乐于提供帮助。考查形容词最高级用法。根据“one of…”可知，此处为“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”的结构，表示“最……的之一”，故此处应用形容词最高级。故选D。 6．（2025·云南·中考真题）Journey to the West is one of ________ classic novels in China. People like reading it. A．famous B．more famous C．the more famous D．the most famous 【答案】D 【详解】句意：《西游记》是中国最著名的经典小说之一。人们喜欢读它。考查形容词最高级。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，固定句型。故选D。 7．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）In a DIY club, the more we practice, ________ we become. A．the worse B．the worst C．the better D．the best 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在一个DIY俱乐部，我们练习得越多，我们就会变得越好。考查比较级。worse更糟；worst最糟；better更好；best最好。根据“the more we practice, …we become.”可知这里是“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，排除B、D；根据常识可知，练习越多，就变得更好，应用better，故选C。 8．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）Robots will make our lives ________ than before. A．much convenient B．much more convenient C．the most convenient 【答案】B 【详解】句意：机器人将使我们的生活比以前便利得多。考查比较级。根据“than”可知，此处用比较级形式more convenient，在比较级前可加much来修饰，因此空处是much more convenient。故选B。 9．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—The sight of the Yellow River is quite beautiful. Is it the longest river in China? —No, it is ________ longest river in China. It’s the “Mother River” of the Chinese people. A．second B．the second C．a second 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——黄河的景色确实很美。它是中国最长的河流吗？——不，它是中国第二长的河流。它是中国人民的“母亲河”。考查序数词的用法。根据“it is ... longest river in China”可知，此处是“the+序数词+最高级”的用法，故选B。 10．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—If ________ people drive cars, there will be ________ air pollution. —I think so. I hope our environment will be better and better. A．fewer; less B．less; fewer C．more; less 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——如果开车的人越少，空气污染就会更少。考查形容词比较级。fewer更少的，修饰可数名词复数；less更少的，修饰不可数名词；more更多的。根据“people”可知，其为集体名词，不能用less修饰，故排除选项B；根据“I think so. I hope our environment will be better and better.”可知，希望环境变得越来越好，故应是减少开车的人和空气污染，选项A符合语境。故选A。 11．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）Mount Gongga is the_____mountain in Sichuan, higher than any other in this area. A．high B．higher C．highest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：贡嘎山是四川最高峰，比该地区任何一座山都高。考查最高级。根据“mountain in Sichuan, higher than any other in this area.”可知它比其他山都高，是四川的最高峰，用最高级。故选C。 12．（2024·天津·中考真题）Many people think eating at home is ________ than eating in the restaurant. A．healthy B．healthier C．healthiest D．the healthiest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多人认为在家吃饭比在餐馆吃饭更健康。考查形容词比较级。根据“than”可知，应使用形容词比较级，故选B。 13．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）How amazing! Human workers pick tea fast. Those tea-picking robots work even ________. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：太神奇了！人类工人采摘茶叶的速度很快。那些采茶机器人工作得更快。 考查副词比较级。程度副词even在此处修饰副词比较级，fast的比较级是faster“更快地”。故选B。 二、完成句子 6. (2023重庆A卷·完成译句) 书读得越多，你懂得就越多。 The ______ books you read, the ______ you’ll know. 【答案】more; more 【详解】“the+比较级，the+比较级”是固定结构，意为“越……，越……”，many/much的比较级是more。 一、完成句子 Ⅰ. 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. We found a 100-______(meter)-tall tree a few days ago. 2. Nothing is ______(nice) than a glass of water when you are thirsty. 3. Because of the heavy rain, my dad drove me home as ______(care) as he could that day. 4. Tom was playing chess when the rain began to beat ______(heavy) against the window. 5. In the folk story, the amazing white snake is ______(lucky) saved by a young man. 6. Eating more vegetables can help us live much ______(health). 7. Sam did ______(good) in his studies this year than last year. 8. Remember this, kids. The ______(hard) you work, the luckier you will be. 9. The drink was excellent, but the food was ______(disappoint). 10. Lanzhou is the only capital city that the Yellow River, the second ______(long) river in China, passes through. 【答案与解析】 1. meter，解析：“数词-名词单数-形容词”是复合形容词结构，此处meter用单数形式。 2. nicer，解析：由than可知用比较级，nice的比较级是nicer。 3. carefully，解析：修饰动词drove用副词，as...as之间用原级，care的副词形式是carefully。 4. heavily，解析：修饰动词beat用副词，heavy的副词形式是heavily。 5. luckily，解析：修饰动词saved用副词，lucky的副词形式是luckily。 6. healthier，解析：much修饰比较级，live是动词，需用副词修饰？此处为live a...life的省略，health的形容词是healthy，比较级为healthier。 7. better，解析：由than可知用比较级，do well in是固定搭配，well的比较级是better。 8. harder，解析：“the+比较级，the+比较级”是固定结构，hard的比较级是harder。 9. disappointing，解析：修饰事物food用-ing形容词，disappoint的形容词形式是disappointing（令人失望的）。 10. longest，解析：“the+序数词+最高级”表示“第几最……”，long的最高级是longest。 Ⅱ语法选择。 In ancient Greece, there was ___1___ excellent scientist called Archimedes. He was interested in numbers, shapes and ___2___ things worked. People from far and near often turned to him with problems and he always gave smart ___3___ . One day, the king ___4___ him for help. The king had a gold crown (皇冠). Though the crown looked nice, some people said it was not pure gold— maybe silver was mixed in the crown. The king would like to know the truth, but he didn’t want to get the crown ___5___ . Archimedes thought hard about the problem for days. One afternoon, when he got into his bath, he saw water spilling (溢出) over all sides. Suddenly, he had an idea! He rushed out of the bathroom, shouting “Eureka! Eureka!” ___6___ , which means “I’ve got it!” in Greek. Then he did an experiment (实验) . He filled a bowl ___7___ water, and took a gold block (砖) and a silver block. ___8___ were the same weight as the crown. First, he put the silver in— the water spilled a lot. Then he put the gold in—less water spilled. At last, he tested the crown. It made ___9___ water spill than the gold block. This showed the crown was not pure gold. Archimedes showed us that great ideas could grow from small, everyday moments, just like ___10___ water spill from a bath. 1. A. a B. an C. the 2. A. how B. why C. what 3. A. answer B. answers C. answers’ 4. A. ask B. asks C. asked 5. A. break B. broke C. broken 6. A. excite B. excited C. excitedly 7. A. with B. for C. of 8. A. All B. Both C. Each 9. A. much B. more C. the most 10. A. watch B. watching C. to watch 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. B 【解析】本文主要介绍了古希腊科学家阿基米德从洗澡时水溢出的现象中获得灵感，通过实验验证王冠是否为纯金的故事，体现了生活细节对科学发现的启发。 【1题】句意：在古希腊，有一位杰出的科学家名叫阿基米德。 a一个，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，修饰元音音素开头的单词；the这个，表特指。根据“excellent”以元音音素开头可知，需用“an”修饰。故选B。 【2题】句意：他对数字、形状以及事物的运作方式感兴趣。 how如何；why为什么；what什么。根据“he was interested in...things worked”可知，是指“事物如何运作”。故选A。 【3题】句意：远近的人们常来找他解决问题，他总能给出聪明的答案。 answer答案，单数；answers答案，复数；answers’答案的，所有格。根据“always gave smart”可知，不止一个答案，需用复数形式“answers”。故选B。 【4题】句意：一天，国王向他求助。ask请求，原形；asks请求，第三人称单数；asked请求，过去式。根据“One day”及文章是一般过去时可知，用“asked”。故选C。 【5题】句意：国王想知道真相，但他不想让王冠被弄坏。 break打破，原形；broke打破，过去式；broken被打破的，过去分词。根据“get the crown”可知，是“让王冠被弄坏”，用过去分词“broken”。故选C。 【6题】句意：他冲出浴室，兴奋地大喊：“Eureka! Eureka!”这个词在希腊语里的意思是“我找到了！”。 excite使兴奋，动词；excited兴奋的，形容词，修饰人；excitedly兴奋地，副词。根据“shouting...”可知，空处修饰动词需用副词。故选C。 【7题】句意：他在碗里装满水。 with用；for为了；of……的。根据“filled a bowl...water”可知，“fill...with...”是固定搭配，意为“用……装满……”。故选A。 【8题】句意：两者的重量都和王冠一样。 All全部，指三者及以上；Both两者都；Each每个。根据“a gold block and a silver block”可知，是指“两者”，用“Both”。故选B。 【9题】句意：它溢出的水比金块多。 much许多，原级；more更多，比较级；the most，最多，最高级。根据“than the gold block”可知，用比较级“more”。故选B。 【10题】句意：就像看着洗澡时溢出的水一样。 watch观看，原形；watching观看，动名词；to watch观看，不定式。根据“like”是介词可知，后接动名词“watching”。故选B。 Ⅲ. 完形填空。 I was aboard a ship sailing from India to London. No one could miss Padishah, an Indian businessman wearing a turban ___1___ a large diamond. It drew everyone’s attention— even that of the five ostriches on deck. One morning, as Padishah walked past them, one bird suddenly swallowed (吞下) the diamond, then ran away and ___2___ itself with the group within seconds. “Who owns these ostriches? My diamond! Come back here, stupid birds!” Padishah shouted. He was so ___3___ that he kept running after these ostriches, drawing a crowd— I was among the first to arrive. He asked around for advice on how to get his diamond back. Word ___4___ quickly across the ship: Who was the owner of these ostriches? Eventually, it reached a man named Potter. He came to Padishah and said, “I’ve talked to the owner in London. He agreed to sell me all five ostriches—I am now their owner.” I thought Potter was clever, and I deeply regretted missing my ___5___ to buy them myself. Before long Potter said that he would auction (拍卖) four of the birds, starting at eighty pounds each and that he would keep the fifth for ___6___. The first bird was sold for a hundred pounds, and the prices kept climbing. ___7___ the fourth was auctioned, I looked at the last ostrich. “This ___8___ be the one!” I thought. I asked Potter to speak in private. After a long talk, I got the bird for seven hundred pounds. The next morning, I was waiting in line to ___9___ the ship, picturing the amazing future life in mind. Then, I saw Padishah and Potter walking ___10___ on the shore (海岸), like old friends. At that moment, I learned a lesson worth a diamond. 1. A. for B. with C. on D. in 2. A. mixed B. shared C. covered D. connected 3. A. mad B. excited C. down D. scared 4. A. entered B. appeared C. spread D. stuck 5. A. purpose B. honor C. choice D. chance 6. A. itself B. himself C. ourselves D. themselves 7. A. Before B. After C. But D. Though 8. A. may B. must C. couldn’t D. can’t 9. A. get off B. get on C. get up D. get down 10. A. face to face B. step by step C. time after time D. arm in arm 【答案】1—5 BAACD 6—10 BBBAD 【解析】本文主要讲述了“我”在从印度到伦敦的船上，看到一只鸵鸟吞了印度商人帕迪沙的钻石，之后商人帕迪沙寻找鸵鸟主人，波特买下鸵鸟并拍卖，“我”以为最后一只鸵鸟吞了钻石而花高价买下，最后却发现帕迪沙和波特像老朋友一样在岸上并肩走着，“我”意识到自己被骗了，从而明白了一个道理。 【1题】句意：没有人会注意不到帕迪沙，一位戴着镶有大钻石头巾的印度商人。for为了；with带有；on在……上面；in在……里面。“a turban…a large diamond”表示“带有大钻石的头巾”，用介词with，故选B。 【2题】句意：一天早上，当帕迪沙从它们身边走过时，一只鸟突然吞下了钻石，然后跑开，几秒钟内就混入了群体中。mixed混合；shared分享；covered覆盖；connected连接。根据“itself with the group within seconds”可知，这只鸟迅速混入了群体中，故选A。 【3题】句意：他非常生气，不停地追着这些鸵鸟跑，引来了一群人——我是第一批到达的。mad生气的；excited兴奋的；down沮丧的；scared害怕的。根据“My diamond! Come back here, stupid birds”可知，钻石被鸵鸟吞了，所以很生气，故选A。 【4题】句意：消息在船上迅速传开：这些鸵鸟是谁的？entered进入；appeared出现；spread传播；stuck卡住。根据“Word…quickly across the ship”可知，消息在船上迅速传播，故选C。 【5题】句意：我觉得波特很聪明，我后悔自己错过了买下它们的机会。purpose目的；honor荣誉；choice选择；chance机会。根据“I deeply regretted missing my…to buy them myself”可知，后悔自己错过了买下它们的机会，故选D。 【6题】句意：不久，波特说他将拍卖其中四只鸟，起价每只八十英镑，第五只留给自己。itself它自己；himself他自己；ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己。根据“he would keep the fifth for…”可知，波特把第五只留给自己，故选B。 【7题】句意：在拍卖第四只鸵鸟之后，我看了看最后一只鸵鸟。Before在……之前；After在……之后；But但是；Though尽管。根据“the fourth was auctioned, I looked at the last ostrich”可知，在拍卖第四只之后，看了看最后一只，决定拍下它，故选B。 【8题】句意：“这一定是那一只！”我想。may可能；must一定；couldn’t不能；can’t不可能。根据“This…be the one”可知，非常肯定最后一只就是吞下钻石的那只，故选B。 【9题】句意：第二天早上，我排队等着下船，脑海中想象着未来美好的生活。get off下车；get on上车；get up起床；get down下来。根据“The next morning, I was waiting in line to…the ship”及“on the shore”可知，排队下船，故选A。 【10题】句意：然后，我看到帕迪沙和波特像老朋友一样在岸上并肩走着。face to face面对面；step by step一步一步地；time after time一次又一次；arm in arm臂挽臂地（挽着胳膊）。根据“walking…on the shore (海岸), like old friends”可知，两个人像老朋友一样并肩走着，故选D。 Ⅳ.完成译句 1. 自从去年读了那本书，珍妮就对科学产生了兴趣。 Jenny has been ______ ______ science since she read that book last year. 2. 我们感激邻居在我们搬家时给予的帮助。 We are ______ ______ the help our neighbors gave us when we moved house. 3. 李老师对学生很严格，但他们都知道他关心他们的进步。 Mr. Li is ______ ______ his students, but they all know he cares about their progress. 4. 露西的父母为她在英语竞赛中取得的成绩感到自豪。 Lucy's parents are ______ ______ what she has achieved in the English competition. 5. 杰克说他厌倦了待在家里，想去外面散步。 Jack said he was ______ ______ staying at home and wanted to go out for a walk. 6. 如果你熟悉这座城市的交通规则，就不会轻易迷路。 If you are ______ ______ this city's traffic rules, you won't get lost easily. 【答案与解析】 1. interested in，解析：固定搭配be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”。 2. thankful for，解析：固定搭配be thankful for意为“对……感激”。 3. strict with，解析：固定搭配be strict with意为“对……严格”。 4. proud of，解析：固定搭配be proud of意为“为……感到自豪”。 5. tired of，解析：固定搭配be tired of意为“厌倦……”。 6. familiar with，解析：固定搭配be familiar with意为“熟悉……”。 Ⅴ.概要补全 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要，补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 A “happy place” is something that brings you comfort, safety and happiness — you can be there in real life or just imagine it. It can be physical places like your bedroom, a nearby park or your grandma’s house; it can also be mental (精神的) spaces such as a peaceful beach you remember from childhood or a magical garden you dream up. No matter what it is, it helps you get away from stress, sadness or boredom and feel better again. Scientist Frances Trussell says you can turn to your happy place whenever you need it. For example, after arguing with your parents, you may feel angry; when you know your bad exam results, you may feel upset; or when your best friend misunderstands you, you may feel sad — these are all good times to go to your happy place. The best part is that it’s always there for you; you don’t have to go anywhere or change your plans to feel its calm. Creating your own happy place is easy, and you can make it exactly the way you like. If it’s a physical space, you can set up a comfortable corner in your bedroom with cushions, a soft blanket, your favorite books or small gifts that matter to you. For a mental or imaginary happy place, first, you can pick up a happy moment from your memories — maybe a day at the park or a quiet night with family. Then, try to picture every detail (细节): what you saw, heard, smelled and felt. If you’re making up a new place, let your creativity run wild-add all the things that make you smile. By making and using your happy place on purpose, you’ll feel better whenever life gets hard — and the more you use it, the more you will enjoy staying there. A “happy place” is something that makes us ____1____. It can be in physical or mental form. Scientist Trussell suggests turning to it if needed. When ____2____, it’s the perfect time to go to our happy place. ____3____ by setting up a corner, or an imaginary one by using memories and creativity. Finally, the more we use this happy place, ____4____ it will be. 【答案】1. (feel) comfortable, safe and happy 2. we don’t feel well/we are feeling bad 3. We can create one 4. the more enjoyable/pleasant 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了“快乐之地”的定义、使用时机、创造方法以及使用它的好处。 【1题详解】根据原文“A ‘happy place’ is something that brings you comfort, safety and happiness”可知，“快乐之地”是能给我们带来舒适、安全感与快乐的事物，即快乐之地可以使我们（感到）舒适、安全和快乐。故填 (feel) comfortable, safe and happy。 【2题详解】根据原文中“after arguing with your parents…feel angry;…know your bad exam results…feel upset;…best friend misunderstands you…feel sad”这些场景描述可知，当我们感到愤怒、沮丧、难过，即感觉不好时，就是前往快乐之地的好时机。故填we don’t feel well/we are feeling bad。 【3题详解】根据原文“Creating your own happy place is easy…If it’s a physical space, you can set up a comfortable corner…For a mental or imaginary happy place, first, you can pick up a happy moment from your memories”可知，我们可以通过布置角落，或是借助回忆与创意来创造快乐之地。故填We can create one。 【4题详解】根据原文“the more you use it, the more you will enjoy staying there”可知，使用快乐之地的次数越多，体验就会越愉悦。故填the more enjoyable/pleasant。 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $