热点话题02 150年后巨龟重返弗洛雷阿纳岛——环境保护（阅读理解专练）英语高考复习通用版

热点话题02 150年后巨龟重返弗洛雷阿纳岛 ——环境保护 目录 时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创阅读理解 【原创·阅读理解】 【课标词汇积累】 【课标词汇训练】 【参考译文】 好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练 【阅读理解】 【阅读7选5】 【完形填空】 【语法填空】 时文精读 读 【话题·导语】 For the first time in roughly 150 years, giant tortoises have begun roaming Floreana Island in the Galapagos Islands again. The tortoises were released last Friday. It’s a big step in restoring the island’s natural environment, and is part of a larger project to return several other animals to the island.时隔约150年，加拉帕戈斯群岛的弗洛雷阿纳岛再次迎来巨型陆龟的回归。上周五，这些陆龟被重新放归自然。此举不仅是恢复岛屿生态的重要里程碑，更是该岛生态重建计划的重要组成部分，旨在将多种动物重新引入该岛。 【原文·时文阅读】 文章来源：https://newsforkids.net/articles/2026/02/25/after-150-years-giant-tortoises-return-to-floreana Floreana Island used to be home to its own species of giant tortoise. But because the Galapagos is in the middle of the sea, it has long been a stopping place for sailors. In the 1800s, these tortoises were hunted for food by sailors, pirates, and settlers. In time, the species died out. Sailors and pirates also brought animals that weren’t from Galapagos, like rats, cats, and goats. Over time, these “introduced” animals have wiped out or threatened many of the animals that make Galapagos special. But the Galapagos National Park and other groups have been working to protect the islands and the special plants and animals that live there. Between 1997 and 2006, experts worked to get rid of the larger introduced animals on many of the Galapagos islands. In 2023, a special effort on Floreana also helped get rid of the rats and wild cats. This has made a big difference. The numbers of several native bird species are already increasing. And the Galapagos rail, a bird which hadn’t been seen on the island for nearly 200 years, has been spotted again. Removing the introduced animals also made it safe for tortoises to be returned to Floreana. You might be wondering how Floreana tortoises could be returned if they had already died out. As they say, it’s complicated. In 2008, some tortoises were discovered on Isabela Island that looked very much like Floreana tortoises. Testing showed that their DNA was very similar to that of Floreana tortoises. Since then, scientists in Galapagos have raised over 600 young tortoises, working to make sure the tortoises have as much Floreana tortoise DNA as possible. Workers from the park carried the young tortoises to release them in areas where they’re likely to do well. Many of the tortoises had tracking devices placed on their shells. This will allow scientists to keep an eye on how the tortoises react to their new home. Scientists expect that the tortoises will play a big part in restoring the island’s environment. As they grow, the tortoises will help clear out areas that are thick with plants, help develop muddy areas into ponds, and spread seeds from plants. 【原创·阅读理解】(262words) 1.Why did the giant tortoises die out? A.Because they are hunted for food. B.Because they are threatened by “introduced” animals. C.Because the sea level rises. D.Because there are too many rats, cats, and goats. 2.What do we know according to the passage? A.The original tortoises reappear on Floreana Island. B.The Galapagos rail comes to Floreana Island again. C.People raise tortoises on Floreana Island for food. D.Scientists raise 600 tortoises on Isabela Island. 3.What is the scientists’ attitude towards the role that the tortoises will play in restoring the island’s environment? A．Uninterested. B．Pessimistic. C．Optimistic. D．Suspicious . 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A.Giant Tortoises Return to Floreana B.Removing the Introduced Animals C.Protecting Floreana’s Environment D.Giant Tortoises Was in Danger 【课标词汇积累】 1.giant n. 巨人；大公司；伟人 adj. 巨大的；伟大的 The giant pile of homework on my desk almost blocked the sunlight. （课桌上堆积如山的作业几乎挡住了阳光。） 2.species n. 物种；种类；类型 Our biology teacher showed us how invasive species can harm the local ecosystem. （生物老师向我们展示入侵物种如何破坏本地生态系统。） 3.threaten v. 恐吓；对…构成威胁 His low grades threatened his chance to join the basketball team. （低分数威胁到他加入篮球队的机会。） 4.native adj. 出生地的；本地的；本国/地语的；土著的；原产地的；天赋的n. 出生于某国/地的人；本国/地人 English is not our native language, but we practice it daily at school. （英语不是我们的母语，但我们在学校每天练习。） 5.spot n. 地点；斑点v. 注意到 This quiet spot under the tree is perfect for morning reading. （树下这个安静角落是晨读的绝佳位置。） 6.complicated adj. 复杂的；难处理的 The math problem was so complicated that even the teacher needed 10 minutes to solve it. （这道数学题复杂到老师也花了10分钟才解出来。） 7.muddy adj. 泥泞的；混浊的；暗淡的v. 使沾上泥；使更为复杂 Her muddy explanation confused everyone in the group discussion. （她含糊的解释让小组讨论中的所有人感到困惑。） 8.pond n. 池塘v. 拦截形成小湖 The science club built a small pond to observe aquatic insects. （科学社建了个小池塘观察水生昆虫。） 9.spread v. 开展；伸开；传播n. 散布；广泛 She spread her notes on the desk to review before the test. （她把笔记摊在桌上考前复习。） 10.restore t. 归还；使恢复；修复vt.& vi. 恢复；使复原；使复位 A short nap can restore my energy for afternoon classes. （小睡能恢复我下午上课的精力。） 【课标词汇训练】 根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。 1.Our school library is a _____________ treasure box for knowledge explorers. （学校图书馆对知识探索者来说是个巨大的宝箱。） 2.The "night owl" _____________ in our class always study until midnight. （班里的"夜猫子族"总是学习到深夜。） 3.The upcoming final exams _____________ to take away all our weekend plans. （即将到来的期末考试可能会毁掉我们所有周末计划。） 4.The _____________ plants in our school garden attract many butterflies. （校园花圃里的本土植物吸引了许多蝴蝶。） 5.I _____________ my best friend secretly eating snacks during the lecture. （我发现好友在课上偷偷吃零食。） 6.Our school's recycling system is _____________ but effective. （学校的回收系统复杂但高效。） 7.After the rain, the sports field became too _____________ for PE class. （雨后操场变得泥泞，体育课无法进行。） 8.His mind was like a calm _____________ during the exam, showing no nervousness. （考试时他的思维如平静的池塘，毫不紧张。） 9.News about the school festival _____________ quickly through WeChat groups. （校园节的消息通过微信群迅速传播。） 10.We helped _____________ the classroom to its original state after the party. （派对后我们协助将教室恢复原状。） 【参考译文】 弗洛雷阿纳岛曾是特有巨型陆龟物种的栖息地。但由于加拉帕戈斯群岛位于海洋中央，这里长期是水手们的停靠站。19世纪时，这些陆龟遭水手、海盗和定居者捕食，最终导致该物种灭绝。 水手和海盗还引入了非加拉帕戈斯原生的动物，如老鼠、猫和山羊。这些"外来物种"逐渐消灭或威胁了群岛特有的许多动物。 不过，加拉帕戈斯国家公园及其他组织一直致力于保护岛屿及其独特的动植物。1997至2006年间，专家们清除了多个岛屿上的大型入侵动物。2023年，弗洛雷阿纳岛还开展了专项行动清除老鼠和野猫，成效显著：多种本土鸟类的数量已开始回升，近200年未现身的加拉帕戈斯秧鸡也再度出现。 清除入侵动物也为陆龟重返弗洛雷阿纳岛创造了条件。你或许疑惑：已灭绝的陆龟如何回归？事情并不简单——2008年，科学家在伊莎贝拉岛发现了一些与弗洛雷阿纳陆龟极为相似的个体，DNA检测证实它们亲缘关系密切。此后，加拉帕戈斯的科学家培育了600多只幼龟，尽可能保留弗洛雷阿纳陆龟的基因。 公园工作人员将幼龟放归至适宜栖息地，多数龟壳上装有追踪器，方便科学家监测它们对新环境的适应情况。 科学家预计，这些陆龟将对岛屿生态恢复发挥重要作用：它们成长时会清理茂密植被、将泥泞地带改造成池塘，并帮助植物传播种子。 好题精练 练 Passage1阅读理解 （2026·福建福州市三月质量检测）Newly published research finds that tropical forests can recover up to twice as fast after deforestation with sufficient soil nitrogen (氮). Scientists from the University of Leeds launched the largest and longest experiment ever designed to examine how nutrients shape forest regrowth in tropical areas cleared for agriculture. They selected 76 forest plots across Central America and monitored them for up to 20 years. Each site differed in age and size, allowing the team to track tree growth and death during forest recovery. Different nutrient treatments were applied to test nutrient roles. Some got nitrogen fertilizer, some phosphorus (磷), some both, and others none. This allowed direct comparison of forest responses to different soil conditions. The results showed that soil nutrients strongly influence tropical forest regrowth speed: nitrogen-rich forests recovered twice as fast as nitrogen-lacking ones in the first 10 recovery years, while phosphorus alone had no such effect. The findings were published on January 13 in the journal Nature Communications. Lead author Wenguang Tang said, “Our study is inspiring because it suggests there are ways we can boost the storage of greenhouse gases through reforestation by managing the nutrients available to trees.” Although nitrogen fertilizer was used in the experiment, the researchers do not recommend fertilizing forests. Widespread fertilizer use could lead to harmful side effects including polluting rivers and lakes and making the soil too weak for trees to stay healthy. Instead, the team suggests practical alternatives. Forest managers could plant trees from the bean family, which naturally add nitrogen to the soil. Another option is restoring forests in areas that already have sufficient nitrogen due to the effects of air pollution. Tropical forests slow climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide and storing it in trees. If young tropical forests worldwide lack nitrogen, they may fail to store about 0.69 billion tonnes of CO2 each year — roughly equal to two years of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas release in the U.K. 1．What is the Leeds experiment targeted at? A．Recovery speed of tropical forests. B．Role of nutrients in forest regrowth. C．Restoration of forests in cleared areas. D．Environmental impact of deforestation. 2．What did the experiment find about forest regrowth? A．Nitrogen boosts recovery speed. B．Combined nutrients work better. C．Tropical-forests recover naturally. D．Phosphorus aids regrowth indirectly. 3．What can be inferred from the researchers’ recommendation? A．CO2 release should be monitored. B．Bean family trees should be cut down. C．Nitrogen fertilizer should be used widely. D．We should turn to nature-based solutions. 4．What is the best title of the text? A．Nitrogen: Impact on Climate Change B．Tropical Forests: Global Carbon Sinks C．Tropical Forests: Growth with Phosphorus D．Nitrogen: The Secret Driving Forest Regrowth Passage2阅读理解 （2026·山东省烟台市高三3月一模）“Ghost gear” refers to lost or abandoned fishing nets, a highly destructive pollutant in oceans. Each year, approximately 1 million tons of such gear are discarded at sea, accounting for up to 86% of large marine floating plastics. Unlike visible plastic waste like bottles, it sinks into the deep ocean, continuously trapping sea animals, producing microplastics and endangering navigation. To address this issue, organizations like Conservation International have launched programs worldwide. A distinctive project in Mexico focuses on training female divers known as sirenas to clear away ghost gear and help coastal communities gain a direct understanding of the pollution’s harm. These female divers rely on commercial fishing as their primary income source but volunteer for the cleanup. After professional training and certification, they start searching for and removing dangerous ghost gear. The operation tests their physical limits and patience to the fullest. As many as 117 sailors once invested over 40 hours in clearing a massive 300-foot-long fishing net. Their diving experience has completely transformed their perception of the ocean. By engaging with communities and fishing cooperatives, they have gradually gained recognition, carving out a space for women in marine conservation within the male-dominated fishing industry. Undoubtedly, prevention deserves the equal priority to cleanup. The Global Ghost Gear Initiative has developed a reporting system for fishers to notify lost gear for timely recovery and provided them with region-specific recommendations, such as avoiding operations in severe weather and storing gear properly. In selected regions, fishing nets bear unique identifiers, enabling the precise tracking of their ownership by individuals or commercial fisheries post-recovery and instantly locking down whoever is at fault. “Once your fishing gear is attached to distinct identifiers, it facilitates a heightened sense of individual accountability, which in turn generates a concrete effect on your behavioral approach to fishing practices,” notes Jimenez, a marine biologist. The governance of ghost gear demands cooperation among fishers, researchers and policymakers. By changing mindsets and taking effective measures, this campaign against ocean “ghosts” is advancing steadily, injecting hope for the sustainable future of marine ecosystems and coastal communities. 5．How does ghost gear differ from other marine plastics? A．It’s harder to detect. B．It’s distributed more extensively. C．It takes longer to break down. D．It floats evenly in shallower water. 6．Why does the author mention the 300-foot-long net removal example? A．To showcase training effect. B．To emphasize potential net risks. C．To highlight work efficiency. D．To demonstrate cleanup challenges. 7．What can we infer from Jimenez’s words? A．Labels avoid fishing net loss. B．Technology reshapes productivity. C．Markings boost responsibility. D．Identity validation guarantees security. 8．What can be the best title of the text? A．Deep-sea Ghost Gear: Silent Killers. B．Sirenas: Dedicated Ocean Guardians. C．Multi-dimensional Actions: Tackling Marine Ghosts. D．For Marine Conservation: Mind Your Fishing Gear. Passage 3 阅读七选五 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026届四川省自贡市高三上学期第一次诊断性考试） As environmental awareness increases, people are more willing to accept clean lifestyles. But some people aren’t totally sure where to begin. 1 . Therefore there’s no “one-size-fits-all” solution to going green, but daily actions can make a difference. Conserve water 2 . Remember, it needs to be transported, filtered and purified. It might just be water, but a lot of fossil fuel is consumed in processing it. In some places, water itself is scarce. You can turn the tap off while brushing your teeth and switch to more efficient washers and dryers. Use less fuel for transport If a hybrid car is not an option now, you can take other steps: walking or biking to work, or whenever you have to travel a short distance. If your work place is too far, consider using public transport or carpooling. 3 . Wear the right clothing Your choice of clothing can make a considerable impact on the environment. One of the most heavily sprayed crops across the globe is cotton. 4 . Fortunately, there are other alternative fabrics available, such as organic cotton, hemp and bamboo. Try to purchase clothing that uses these natural materials. Wearing such clothing is also better for your health. 5 Years ago, many considered the way we dealt with waste as the main environmental issue of concern. As long as one reduced, recycled, and reused, one was a friend of the environment. Things are not that simple these days, but waste conservation is important and still a big part of living green. It takes a lot of energy to process and get rid of waste, whether it’s recycled or dumped in a landfill. A．Save energy in daily life B．Use proper waste management C．Every drop of tap water you use consumes energy D．Taking shorter showers can reduce water consumption E．In many cases, your choices will depend on various factors F．For long trips, consider the fuel efficiency of your different options G．Chemicals used to kill insects harm the environment and people’s health Passage 4 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I always give the same advice to travel enthusiasts: Wherever home is, that is where you should begin. However, I was 1 at following my own advice, for I have rarely explored my hometown — until now. Having canceled all my foreign trips, I 2 to Sweden to travel north from my hometown. Unsurprisingly, my journey went smoothly, the scenery along the way breathtaking and picturesque, but my guide, Johan, opened my 3 to something else. One day, he asked me what I saw on a snowmobile path 4 with tall trees on both sides. “Trees? Forests?” I answered. Johan shook his head, explaining, “Not a forest. A plantation. Forests no longer stand. The trees are planted by humans here.” He 5 that maybe soon, this plantation would be all that was left. Johan was right. For over half a century now, the ancient forest that once seemed so 6 has continued to be cruelly cut down for biofuels and paper, and, in its place stand plantations of pine trees. Only a small part of the ancient forest 7 , and that part grows smaller every year. The Sám, a native people there, are facing an existential (存在主义的) 8 . Their lives and culture are 9 linked to the ancient forest and the reindeer that populate the region. However, the slow-growing lichen (地衣) and mushrooms, which the reindeer 10 , are not found in any pine plantations. Without them, the reindeer population declines. 11 , the death of one means the death of the other, and an 12 future for an entire people. “We’re not 13 of nature, but part of it.” Johan’s words echoed in my mind as I looked at the 14 forest of the North in the rear-view mirrors (后视镜). Too many of us have forgotten this truth — and with that forgetfulness, we may risk the 15 of not only the wild but also ourselves. 1．A．skillful B．effective C．terrible D．surprised 2．A．pointed B．headed C．referred D．reacted 3．A．eyes B．ears C．shoulders D．arms 4．A．covered B．spotted C．coated D．lined 5．A．demanded B．shouted C．insisted D．added 6．A．valueless B．endless C．limited D．deserted 7．A．remains B．decreases C．matters D．evolves 8．A．destination B．crisis C．opportunity D．celebration 9．A．negatively B．hardly C．slightly D．closely 10．A．complain of B．play with C．feed on D．suffer from 11．A．Instead B．Otherwise C．Thus D．Nevertheless 12．A．unfamiliar B．uncertain C．incredible D．unbeatable 13．A．companions B．residents C．relatives D．masters 14．A．emerging B．expanding C．disappearing D．growing 15．A．survival B．revival C．declaration D．possession Passage 5 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The China-Laos cross-border Asian elephant conservation cooperation stands as a model of effective international cooperation in wildlife protection, 1 (highlight) the importance of cooperative efforts in ensuring the survival and well-being of endangered species like the Asian elephant, experts said. Asian elephants are the largest land mammals next to their African 2 (cousin). Unfortunately, the wild elephants in 13 Asian countries are facing critical threats 3 their survival, with a total population 4 (estimate) at 40,000 to 50,000. In China, however, the population has grown from around 150 in the 1960s to roughly 300 today. Wild Asian elephants, 5 live near the China-Laos border, frequently cross between the two countries. If we only protect these elephants on the Chinese side, their safety is not 6 (complete) guaranteed when they enter Laos. Therefore, the government of China initiated joint 7 (ecology) conservation efforts with the Lao government in 2006. China provides technical support, equipment and funds. To date, China and Laos have expanded the elephant protection zones to 220,000 hectares 8 adopted over 40 joint conservation measures. The elephants can safely travel abroad and return. The ability of Asian elephants 9 (cross) the border with freedom indicates the effectiveness of international cross-border conservation. Last year, during an international meeting, the success of the China-Laos cross-border conservation efforts 10 (praise) highly and continuous conservation work was encouraged. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 热点话题02 150年后巨龟重返弗洛雷阿纳岛 ——环境保护 目录 时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创阅读理解 【原创·阅读理解】 【课标词汇积累】 【课标词汇训练】 【参考译文】 好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练 【阅读理解】 【阅读7选5】 【完形填空】 【语法填空】 时文精读 读 【话题·导语】 For the first time in roughly 150 years, giant tortoises have begun roaming Floreana Island in the Galapagos Islands again. The tortoises were released last Friday. It’s a big step in restoring the island’s natural environment, and is part of a larger project to return several other animals to the island.时隔约150年，加拉帕戈斯群岛的弗洛雷阿纳岛再次迎来巨型陆龟的回归。上周五，这些陆龟被重新放归自然。此举不仅是恢复岛屿生态的重要里程碑，更是该岛生态重建计划的重要组成部分，旨在将多种动物重新引入该岛。 【原文·时文阅读】 文章来源：https://newsforkids.net/articles/2026/02/25/after-150-years-giant-tortoises-return-to-floreana Floreana Island used to be home to its own species of giant tortoise. But because the Galapagos is in the middle of the sea, it has long been a stopping place for sailors. In the 1800s, these tortoises were hunted for food by sailors, pirates, and settlers. In time, the species died out. Sailors and pirates also brought animals that weren’t from Galapagos, like rats, cats, and goats. Over time, these “introduced” animals have wiped out or threatened many of the animals that make Galapagos special. But the Galapagos National Park and other groups have been working to protect the islands and the special plants and animals that live there. Between 1997 and 2006, experts worked to get rid of the larger introduced animals on many of the Galapagos islands. In 2023, a special effort on Floreana also helped get rid of the rats and wild cats. This has made a big difference. The numbers of several native bird species are already increasing. And the Galapagos rail, a bird which hadn’t been seen on the island for nearly 200 years, has been spotted again. Removing the introduced animals also made it safe for tortoises to be returned to Floreana. You might be wondering how Floreana tortoises could be returned if they had already died out. As they say, it’s complicated. In 2008, some tortoises were discovered on Isabela Island that looked very much like Floreana tortoises. Testing showed that their DNA was very similar to that of Floreana tortoises. Since then, scientists in Galapagos have raised over 600 young tortoises, working to make sure the tortoises have as much Floreana tortoise DNA as possible. Workers from the park carried the young tortoises to release them in areas where they’re likely to do well. Many of the tortoises had tracking devices placed on their shells. This will allow scientists to keep an eye on how the tortoises react to their new home. Scientists expect that the tortoises will play a big part in restoring the island’s environment. As they grow, the tortoises will help clear out areas that are thick with plants, help develop muddy areas into ponds, and spread seeds from plants. 【原创·阅读理解】(262words) 1.Why did the giant tortoises die out? A.Because they are hunted for food. B.Because they are threatened by “introduced” animals. C.Because the sea level rises. D.Because there are too many rats, cats, and goats. A考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的 In the 1800s, these tortoises were hunted for food by sailors, pirates, and settlers.In time, the species died out.（19世纪时，水手、海盗和殖民者曾捕猎这些陆龟作为食物。随着时间的推移，该物种逐渐灭绝。）可知，此处捕猎这些陆龟作为食物是灭绝的原因，故选A。 2.What do we know according to the passage? A.The original tortoises reappear on Floreana Island. B.The Galapagos rail comes to Floreana Island again. C.People raise tortoises on Floreana Island for food. D.Scientists raise 600 tortoises on Isabela Island. B考查细节理解。根据文章第四段中的And the Galapagos rail, a bird which hadn’t been seen on the island for nearly 200 years, has been spotted again.加拉帕戈斯秧鸡——这种在岛上近200年未见踪迹的鸟类，近日再度现身。所以B正确。 3.What is the scientists’ attitude towards the role that the tortoises will play in restoring the island’s environment? A．Uninterested. B．Pessimistic. C．Optimistic. D．Suspicious . C考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段中的Scientists expect that the tortoises will play a big part in restoring the island’s environment. As they grow, the tortoises will help clear out areas that are thick with plants, help develop muddy areas into ponds, and spread seeds from plants.科学家们预计，这些陆龟将在恢复岛屿生态环境方面发挥重要作用。随着它们的成长，这些陆龟将帮助清理植被茂密的区域，将泥泞地带变为池塘，并传播植物种子。科学家应该是乐观的态度。故选C。 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A.Giant Tortoises Return to Floreana B.Removing the Introduced Animals C.Protecting Floreana’s Environment D.Giant Tortoises Was in Danger A考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了这些巨形陆龟是怎样被培育后，重新回到弗洛雷阿纳岛的。故选A。 【课标词汇积累】 1.giant n. 巨人；大公司；伟人 adj. 巨大的；伟大的 The giant pile of homework on my desk almost blocked the sunlight. （课桌上堆积如山的作业几乎挡住了阳光。） 2.species n. 物种；种类；类型 Our biology teacher showed us how invasive species can harm the local ecosystem. （生物老师向我们展示入侵物种如何破坏本地生态系统。） 3.threaten v. 恐吓；对…构成威胁 His low grades threatened his chance to join the basketball team. （低分数威胁到他加入篮球队的机会。） 4.native adj. 出生地的；本地的；本国/地语的；土著的；原产地的；天赋的n. 出生于某国/地的人；本国/地人 English is not our native language, but we practice it daily at school. （英语不是我们的母语，但我们在学校每天练习。） 5.spot n. 地点；斑点v. 注意到 This quiet spot under the tree is perfect for morning reading. （树下这个安静角落是晨读的绝佳位置。） 6.complicated adj. 复杂的；难处理的 The math problem was so complicated that even the teacher needed 10 minutes to solve it. （这道数学题复杂到老师也花了10分钟才解出来。） 7.muddy adj. 泥泞的；混浊的；暗淡的v. 使沾上泥；使更为复杂 Her muddy explanation confused everyone in the group discussion. （她含糊的解释让小组讨论中的所有人感到困惑。） 8.pond n. 池塘v. 拦截形成小湖 The science club built a small pond to observe aquatic insects. （科学社建了个小池塘观察水生昆虫。） 9.spread v. 开展；伸开；传播n. 散布；广泛 She spread her notes on the desk to review before the test. （她把笔记摊在桌上考前复习。） 10.restore t. 归还；使恢复；修复vt.& vi. 恢复；使复原；使复位 A short nap can restore my energy for afternoon classes. （小睡能恢复我下午上课的精力。） 【课标词汇训练】 根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。 1.Our school library is a _____________ treasure box for knowledge explorers. （学校图书馆对知识探索者来说是个巨大的宝箱。） 2.The "night owl" _____________ in our class always study until midnight. （班里的"夜猫子族"总是学习到深夜。） 3.The upcoming final exams _____________ to take away all our weekend plans. （即将到来的期末考试可能会毁掉我们所有周末计划。） 4.The _____________ plants in our school garden attract many butterflies. （校园花圃里的本土植物吸引了许多蝴蝶。） 5.I _____________ my best friend secretly eating snacks during the lecture. （我发现好友在课上偷偷吃零食。） 6.Our school's recycling system is _____________ but effective. （学校的回收系统复杂但高效。） 7.After the rain, the sports field became too _____________ for PE class. （雨后操场变得泥泞，体育课无法进行。） 8.His mind was like a calm _____________ during the exam, showing no nervousness. （考试时他的思维如平静的池塘，毫不紧张。） 9.News about the school festival _____________ quickly through WeChat groups. （校园节的消息通过微信群迅速传播。） 10.We helped _____________ the classroom to its original state after the party. （派对后我们协助将教室恢复原状。） Keys: 1.giant2.species 3.threaten 4.native 5.spotted 6.complicated 7.muddy 8.pond 9.spread10.restore 【参考译文】 弗洛雷阿纳岛曾是特有巨型陆龟物种的栖息地。但由于加拉帕戈斯群岛位于海洋中央，这里长期是水手们的停靠站。19世纪时，这些陆龟遭水手、海盗和定居者捕食，最终导致该物种灭绝。 水手和海盗还引入了非加拉帕戈斯原生的动物，如老鼠、猫和山羊。这些"外来物种"逐渐消灭或威胁了群岛特有的许多动物。 不过，加拉帕戈斯国家公园及其他组织一直致力于保护岛屿及其独特的动植物。1997至2006年间，专家们清除了多个岛屿上的大型入侵动物。2023年，弗洛雷阿纳岛还开展了专项行动清除老鼠和野猫，成效显著：多种本土鸟类的数量已开始回升，近200年未现身的加拉帕戈斯秧鸡也再度出现。 清除入侵动物也为陆龟重返弗洛雷阿纳岛创造了条件。你或许疑惑：已灭绝的陆龟如何回归？事情并不简单——2008年，科学家在伊莎贝拉岛发现了一些与弗洛雷阿纳陆龟极为相似的个体，DNA检测证实它们亲缘关系密切。此后，加拉帕戈斯的科学家培育了600多只幼龟，尽可能保留弗洛雷阿纳陆龟的基因。 公园工作人员将幼龟放归至适宜栖息地，多数龟壳上装有追踪器，方便科学家监测它们对新环境的适应情况。 科学家预计，这些陆龟将对岛屿生态恢复发挥重要作用：它们成长时会清理茂密植被、将泥泞地带改造成池塘，并帮助植物传播种子。 好题精练 练 Passage1阅读理解 （2026·福建福州市三月质量检测）Newly published research finds that tropical forests can recover up to twice as fast after deforestation with sufficient soil nitrogen (氮). Scientists from the University of Leeds launched the largest and longest experiment ever designed to examine how nutrients shape forest regrowth in tropical areas cleared for agriculture. They selected 76 forest plots across Central America and monitored them for up to 20 years. Each site differed in age and size, allowing the team to track tree growth and death during forest recovery. Different nutrient treatments were applied to test nutrient roles. Some got nitrogen fertilizer, some phosphorus (磷), some both, and others none. This allowed direct comparison of forest responses to different soil conditions. The results showed that soil nutrients strongly influence tropical forest regrowth speed: nitrogen-rich forests recovered twice as fast as nitrogen-lacking ones in the first 10 recovery years, while phosphorus alone had no such effect. The findings were published on January 13 in the journal Nature Communications. Lead author Wenguang Tang said, “Our study is inspiring because it suggests there are ways we can boost the storage of greenhouse gases through reforestation by managing the nutrients available to trees.” Although nitrogen fertilizer was used in the experiment, the researchers do not recommend fertilizing forests. Widespread fertilizer use could lead to harmful side effects including polluting rivers and lakes and making the soil too weak for trees to stay healthy. Instead, the team suggests practical alternatives. Forest managers could plant trees from the bean family, which naturally add nitrogen to the soil. Another option is restoring forests in areas that already have sufficient nitrogen due to the effects of air pollution. Tropical forests slow climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide and storing it in trees. If young tropical forests worldwide lack nitrogen, they may fail to store about 0.69 billion tonnes of CO2 each year — roughly equal to two years of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas release in the U.K. 1．What is the Leeds experiment targeted at? A．Recovery speed of tropical forests. B．Role of nutrients in forest regrowth. C．Restoration of forests in cleared areas. D．Environmental impact of deforestation. 2．What did the experiment find about forest regrowth? A．Nitrogen boosts recovery speed. B．Combined nutrients work better. C．Tropical-forests recover naturally. D．Phosphorus aids regrowth indirectly. 3．What can be inferred from the researchers’ recommendation? A．CO2 release should be monitored. B．Bean family trees should be cut down. C．Nitrogen fertilizer should be used widely. D．We should turn to nature-based solutions. 4．What is the best title of the text? A．Nitrogen: Impact on Climate Change B．Tropical Forests: Global Carbon Sinks C．Tropical Forests: Growth with Phosphorus D．Nitrogen: The Secret Driving Forest Regrowth 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D 【解析】这是一篇说明文。新研究发现，土壤氮能让热带森林恢复速度翻倍。利兹大学通过长期实验证实氮的关键作用，不建议人工施肥，提倡自然固氮方式，以更好助力森林固碳、减缓气候变化。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists from the University of Leeds launched the largest and longest experiment ever designed to examine how nutrients shape forest regrowth in tropical areas cleared for agriculture.(来自利兹大学的科学家们启动了迄今为止规模最大、持续时间最长的一项实验，旨在研究在为农业而被开垦的热带地区，营养物质如何影响森林的重新生长)”可知，利兹实验旨在探究营养物质在森林恢复中的作用。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The results showed that soil nutrients strongly influence tropical forest regrowth speed: nitrogen-rich forests recovered twice as fast as nitrogen-lacking ones in the first 10 recovery years, while phosphorus alone had no such effect.(研究结果表明，土壤中的养分对热带森林的恢复速度有着显著影响：在最初的10年恢复期内，富含氮的森林恢复速度是缺乏氮的森林的两倍，而仅含磷的土壤则没有这种影响)”可知，该实验发现氮元素能加快恢复速度。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Although nitrogen fertilizer was used in the experiment, the researchers do not recommend fertilizing forests. Widespread fertilizer use could lead to harmful side effects including polluting rivers and lakes and making the soil too weak for trees to stay healthy. Instead, the team suggests practical alternatives. Forest managers could plant trees from the bean family, which naturally add nitrogen to the soil. Another option is restoring forests in areas that already have sufficient nitrogen due to the effects of air pollution.(尽管实验中使用了氮肥，但研究人员并不建议对森林进行施肥。过度使用化肥可能会产生不良后果，比如污染河流和湖泊，还会使土壤变得过于贫瘠，不利于树木的健康成长。因此，研究团队建议采用切实可行的替代方案。森林管理者可以种植豆科植物，因为这类植物能自然地向土壤中补充氮元素。另一种选择是在那些因空气污染而已有足够氮元素的地区恢复森林)”可知，我们应该寻求基于自然的解决方案。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Newly published research finds that tropical forests can recover up to twice as fast after deforestation with sufficient soil nitrogen (氮). Scientists from the University of Leeds launched the largest and longest experiment ever designed to examine how nutrients shape forest regrowth in tropical areas cleared for agriculture.(最新发布的研究发现，在有足够的土壤氮的情况下，热带森林在遭到砍伐后能够以两倍的速度恢复。来自利兹大学的科学家们启动了迄今为止规模最大、持续时间最长的一项实验，旨在研究在为农业而被开垦的热带地区，营养物质如何影响森林的重新生长)”结合文章主要说明了新研究发现，土壤氮能让热带森林恢复速度翻倍。利兹大学通过长期实验证实氮的关键作用，不建议人工施肥，提倡自然固氮方式，以更好助力森林固碳、减缓气候变化。可知，D选项“氮元素：促进森林重新生长的秘诀”最符合文章标题。故选D。 Passage2阅读理解 （2026·山东省烟台市高三3月一模）“Ghost gear” refers to lost or abandoned fishing nets, a highly destructive pollutant in oceans. Each year, approximately 1 million tons of such gear are discarded at sea, accounting for up to 86% of large marine floating plastics. Unlike visible plastic waste like bottles, it sinks into the deep ocean, continuously trapping sea animals, producing microplastics and endangering navigation. To address this issue, organizations like Conservation International have launched programs worldwide. A distinctive project in Mexico focuses on training female divers known as sirenas to clear away ghost gear and help coastal communities gain a direct understanding of the pollution’s harm. These female divers rely on commercial fishing as their primary income source but volunteer for the cleanup. After professional training and certification, they start searching for and removing dangerous ghost gear. The operation tests their physical limits and patience to the fullest. As many as 117 sailors once invested over 40 hours in clearing a massive 300-foot-long fishing net. Their diving experience has completely transformed their perception of the ocean. By engaging with communities and fishing cooperatives, they have gradually gained recognition, carving out a space for women in marine conservation within the male-dominated fishing industry. Undoubtedly, prevention deserves the equal priority to cleanup. The Global Ghost Gear Initiative has developed a reporting system for fishers to notify lost gear for timely recovery and provided them with region-specific recommendations, such as avoiding operations in severe weather and storing gear properly. In selected regions, fishing nets bear unique identifiers, enabling the precise tracking of their ownership by individuals or commercial fisheries post-recovery and instantly locking down whoever is at fault. “Once your fishing gear is attached to distinct identifiers, it facilitates a heightened sense of individual accountability, which in turn generates a concrete effect on your behavioral approach to fishing practices,” notes Jimenez, a marine biologist. The governance of ghost gear demands cooperation among fishers, researchers and policymakers. By changing mindsets and taking effective measures, this campaign against ocean “ghosts” is advancing steadily, injecting hope for the sustainable future of marine ecosystems and coastal communities. 5．How does ghost gear differ from other marine plastics? A．It’s harder to detect. B．It’s distributed more extensively. C．It takes longer to break down. D．It floats evenly in shallower water. 6．Why does the author mention the 300-foot-long net removal example? A．To showcase training effect. B．To emphasize potential net risks. C．To highlight work efficiency. D．To demonstrate cleanup challenges. 7．What can we infer from Jimenez’s words? A．Labels avoid fishing net loss. B．Technology reshapes productivity. C．Markings boost responsibility. D．Identity validation guarantees security. 8．What can be the best title of the text? A．Deep-sea Ghost Gear: Silent Killers. B．Sirenas: Dedicated Ocean Guardians. C．Multi-dimensional Actions: Tackling Marine Ghosts. D．For Marine Conservation: Mind Your Fishing Gear. 【答案】5．A 6．D 7．C 8．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了幽灵渔具对海洋的巨大危害，以及人们从清理、预防、监管多方面采取措施治理该问题。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Unlike visible plastic waste like bottles, it sinks into the deep ocean, continuously trapping sea animals, producing microplastics and endangering navigation. (与瓶子等可见的塑料垃圾不同，它会沉入深海，不断困住海洋动物，产生微塑料，危及航行)”可知，幽灵渔具和其他海洋塑料不同，它沉入深海、更难被检测到。故选A项。 6．推理判断题。根据第三段“The operation tests their physical limits and patience to the fullest. As many as 117 sailors once invested over 40 hours in clearing a massive 300-foot-long fishing net. (这项行动最大限度地考验了她们的体力和耐心。多达117名水手曾投入超过40小时清理一条长达300英尺的巨大渔网)”可知，作者提到清理300英尺长的渔网是为了展示清理工作的挑战性。故选D项。 7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Once your fishing gear is attached to distinct identifiers, it facilitates a heightened sense of individual accountability, which in turn generates a concrete effect on your behavioral approach to fishing practices, (一旦你的渔具贴上了独特的标识，就会增强个人的责任感，进而对你的捕鱼行为产生具体的影响）”可知，从Jimenez的话中我们可以推断出标记能增强责任感。故选C项。 8．主旨大意题。根据第一段““Ghost gear” refers to lost or abandoned fishing nets, a highly destructive pollutant in oceans.(“幽灵渔具”是指丢失或遗弃的渔网，这是海洋中一种极具破坏性的污染物)”、最后一段“The governance of ghost gear demands cooperation among fishers, researchers and policymakers.(幽灵渔具的治理需要渔民、研究人员和政策制定者之间的合作)”以及文章内容可知，本文既介绍幽灵渔具的危害，又介绍多国组织、人员从清理、预防、监管多方面采取措施，所以“多维行动：对抗海洋幽灵”适合作为文章标题。故选C项。 Passage 3 阅读七选五 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026届四川省自贡市高三上学期第一次诊断性考试） As environmental awareness increases, people are more willing to accept clean lifestyles. But some people aren’t totally sure where to begin. 1 . Therefore there’s no “one-size-fits-all” solution to going green, but daily actions can make a difference. Conserve water 2 . Remember, it needs to be transported, filtered and purified. It might just be water, but a lot of fossil fuel is consumed in processing it. In some places, water itself is scarce. You can turn the tap off while brushing your teeth and switch to more efficient washers and dryers. Use less fuel for transport If a hybrid car is not an option now, you can take other steps: walking or biking to work, or whenever you have to travel a short distance. If your work place is too far, consider using public transport or carpooling. 3 . Wear the right clothing Your choice of clothing can make a considerable impact on the environment. One of the most heavily sprayed crops across the globe is cotton. 4 . Fortunately, there are other alternative fabrics available, such as organic cotton, hemp and bamboo. Try to purchase clothing that uses these natural materials. Wearing such clothing is also better for your health. 5 Years ago, many considered the way we dealt with waste as the main environmental issue of concern. As long as one reduced, recycled, and reused, one was a friend of the environment. Things are not that simple these days, but waste conservation is important and still a big part of living green. It takes a lot of energy to process and get rid of waste, whether it’s recycled or dumped in a landfill. A．Save energy in daily life B．Use proper waste management C．Every drop of tap water you use consumes energy D．Taking shorter showers can reduce water consumption E．In many cases, your choices will depend on various factors F．For long trips, consider the fuel efficiency of your different options G．Chemicals used to kill insects harm the environment and people’s health 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．F 4．G 5．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着环保意识的增强，人们更愿意接受绿色生活方式，并提供了几个可行的日常环保行动建议。 1．由上文“But some people aren’t totally sure where to begin.(但是有些人不太确定从哪里开始)”及下文“Therefore there’s no “one-size-fits-all” solution to going green, but daily actions can make a difference.(因此，没有一种“一刀切”的绿色解决方案，但日常行动可以带来改变)”可知，本空应强调选择绿色生活方式的多种因素。E选项“In many cases, your choices will depend on various factors.(在许多情况下，你的选择将取决于各种因素)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 2．由下文“Remember, it needs to be transported, filtered and purified. It might just be water, but a lot of fossil fuel is consumed in processing it.(记住，它需要被运输、过滤和净化。它可能只是水，但在处理过程中会消耗大量的化石燃料)”可知，本空应强调使用自来水消耗能源。C选项“Every drop of tap water you use consumes energy.(你使用的每一滴自来水都消耗能源)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选C。 3．由上文“If a hybrid car is not an option now, you can take other steps: walking or biking to work, or whenever you have to travel a short distance. If your work place is too far, consider using public transport or carpooling.(如果现在混合动力车不是一个选择，你可以采取其他步骤：步行或骑自行车上班，或者无论何时你必须短途旅行。如果你的工作地点太远，考虑使用公共交通工具或拼车)”可知，本空应进一步强调长途旅行时考虑燃料效率。F选项“For long trips, consider the fuel efficiency of your different options.(对于长途旅行，考虑你不同选择的燃料效率)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。 4．由上文“One of the most heavily sprayed crops across the globe is cotton.(棉花是全球喷洒农药最多的作物之一)”及下文“Fortunately, there are other alternative fabrics available, such as organic cotton, hemp and bamboo.(幸运的是，还有其他可替代的面料可供选择，如有机棉、大麻和竹子)”可知，本空应强调农药对环境和健康的危害。G选项“Chemicals used to kill insects harm the environment and people’s health.(用于杀虫的化学物质会危害环境和人们的健康)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 5．由下文“Years ago, many considered the way we dealt with waste as the main environmental issue of concern. As long as one reduced, recycled, and reused, one was a friend of the environment. Things are not that simple these days, but waste conservation is important and still a big part of living green. It takes a lot of energy to process and get rid of waste, whether it’s recycled or dumped in a landfill.(多年前，许多人认为我们处理废物的方式是主要的环境问题。只要一个人减少、回收和再利用，他就是环境的朋友。如今事情没那么简单了，但废物管理仍然很重要，仍然是绿色生活的重要组成部分。处理和清除废物需要大量的能源，无论是回收还是倾倒在垃圾填埋场)”可知，本空应概括本段关于废物管理的主题。B选项“Use proper waste management.(使用适当的废物管理)”能概括本段主题，符合题意。故选B。 Passage 4 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I always give the same advice to travel enthusiasts: Wherever home is, that is where you should begin. However, I was 1 at following my own advice, for I have rarely explored my hometown — until now. Having canceled all my foreign trips, I 2 to Sweden to travel north from my hometown. Unsurprisingly, my journey went smoothly, the scenery along the way breathtaking and picturesque, but my guide, Johan, opened my 3 to something else. One day, he asked me what I saw on a snowmobile path 4 with tall trees on both sides. “Trees? Forests?” I answered. Johan shook his head, explaining, “Not a forest. A plantation. Forests no longer stand. The trees are planted by humans here.” He 5 that maybe soon, this plantation would be all that was left. Johan was right. For over half a century now, the ancient forest that once seemed so 6 has continued to be cruelly cut down for biofuels and paper, and, in its place stand plantations of pine trees. Only a small part of the ancient forest 7 , and that part grows smaller every year. The Sám, a native people there, are facing an existential (存在主义的) 8 . Their lives and culture are 9 linked to the ancient forest and the reindeer that populate the region. However, the slow-growing lichen (地衣) and mushrooms, which the reindeer 10 , are not found in any pine plantations. Without them, the reindeer population declines. 11 , the death of one means the death of the other, and an 12 future for an entire people. “We’re not 13 of nature, but part of it.” Johan’s words echoed in my mind as I looked at the 14 forest of the North in the rear-view mirrors (后视镜). Too many of us have forgotten this truth — and with that forgetfulness, we may risk the 15 of not only the wild but also ourselves. 1．A．skillful B．effective C．terrible D．surprised 2．A．pointed B．headed C．referred D．reacted 3．A．eyes B．ears C．shoulders D．arms 4．A．covered B．spotted C．coated D．lined 5．A．demanded B．shouted C．insisted D．added 6．A．valueless B．endless C．limited D．deserted 7．A．remains B．decreases C．matters D．evolves 8．A．destination B．crisis C．opportunity D．celebration 9．A．negatively B．hardly C．slightly D．closely 10．A．complain of B．play with C．feed on D．suffer from 11．A．Instead B．Otherwise C．Thus D．Nevertheless 12．A．unfamiliar B．uncertain C．incredible D．unbeatable 13．A．companions B．residents C．relatives D．masters 14．A．emerging B．expanding C．disappearing D．growing 15．A．survival B．revival C．declaration D．possession 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者回到瑞典家乡向北探索，发现原始森林已被人造林取代，这威胁到依赖森林生态的萨米原住民文化和驯鹿生存，作者不由反思人类与自然的关系。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我不善于遵循自己的建议，因为我很少探索我的家乡——直到现在。A. skillful熟练的；B. effective有效的；C. terrible很差劲的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据下文“for I have rarely explored my hometown — until now”可知，作者很少探索自己的家乡，说明他不善于遵循自己的建议，短语be terrible at意为“在……上很差劲，不擅长……”。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在取消了所有出国行程后，我前往瑞典，从家乡启程一路向北旅行。A. pointed指向；B. headed朝（某方向）行进；C. referred提及；D. reacted反应。根据上文“for I have rarely explored my hometown — until now”可知，作者直到现在才探索自己的家乡，说明是前往瑞典，从家乡启程一路向北旅行，短语head to意为“前往”。故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，我的旅程很顺利，沿途的风景令人惊叹，风景如画，但我的向导Johan让我了解到别的东西。A. eyes眼睛；B. ears耳朵；C. shoulders肩膀；D. arms手臂。根据下文“Johan was right.”可知，作者意识到向导Johan所说的是对的，说明Johan让作者了解到别的东西，短语open one’s eyes to意为“使某人了解/意识到”。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他问我在两旁高树成列的雪地摩托道上看到了什么。A. covered覆盖；B. spotted发现；C. coated给……涂上；D. lined排列。根据上文“a snowmobile path”和下文“with tall trees on both sides”可知，雪地摩托道两旁会排列着高大的树木。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他补充说，也许很快，这个人造林将是唯一剩下的。A. demanded要求；B. shouted呼喊；C. insisted坚持；D. added补充说。根据下文“that maybe soon, this plantation would be all that was left”可知，向导Johan在说完前面的话后，又补充了新的内容。故选D。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：半个多世纪以来，曾经看起来无穷无尽的古老森林被持续残酷地砍伐，用于生物燃料和造纸，取而代之的是松树人造林。A. valueless无价值的；B. endless无尽的；C. limited有限的；D. deserted被遗弃的。根据下文“has continued to be cruelly cut down for biofuels and paper”可知，古老森林被持续残酷地砍伐，说明之前看起来无穷无尽的，从而反衬人类的不断破坏。故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：古老的森林只剩下一小部分，而且那部分每年都在变小。A. remains剩余；B. decreases减少；C. matters重要；D. evolves进化。根据上文“the ancient forest that once seemed so ______ has continued to be cruelly cut down for biofuels and paper”可知，古老森林被持续残酷地砍伐，用于生物燃料和造纸，因此只剩下一小部分。故选A。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那里的土著居民萨米人正面临着一场生存危机。A. destination目的地；B. crisis危机；C. opportunity机会；D. celebration庆祝。根据下文“the death of one means the death of the other, and an ______ future for an entire people”可知，一方的消亡意味着另一方的终结，该民族会受到影响，说明他们正面临着一场生存危机。故选B。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们的生活和文化与古老的森林和居住在该地区的驯鹿密切相关。A. negatively负面地；B. hardly几乎不；C. slightly轻微地；D. closely密切地。根据上文“The Sám, a native people there”可知，萨米人是那里的土著居民，因此其生活与文化与古老的森林和居住在该地区的驯鹿密切相关。故选D。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，驯鹿赖以为生的生长缓慢的地衣和蘑菇，在任何松树人造林都找不到。A. complain of抱怨；B. play with玩耍；C. feed on以……为食；D. suffer from遭受。根据下文“Without them, the reindeer population declines.”可知，没有地衣和蘑菇，驯鹿的数量会下降，说明驯鹿以地衣和蘑菇为食，即赖以为生。故选C。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，一方的消亡意味着另一方的终结，整个民族的未来都不确定。A. Instead相反；B. Otherwise否则；C. Thus因此；D. Nevertheless然而。根据上文“Without them, the reindeer population declines.”可知，没有地衣和蘑菇，驯鹿的数量会下降，“一方的消亡意味着另一方的终结”是基于前一句给出的结论，应用“因此”引出。故选C。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，一方的消亡意味着另一方的终结，整个民族的未来都不确定。A. unfamiliar不熟悉的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. incredible难以置信的；D. unbeatable无敌的。根据上文“the death of one means the death of the other”可知，一方的消亡意味着另一方的终结，说明该民族的未来都不确定。故选B。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们不是自然的主人，而是自然的一部分。”A. companions同伴；B. residents居民；C. relatives亲戚；D. masters主人。根据下文“but part of it”可知，向导Johan指出人类是自然的一部分，因此是否定“人类是自然的主人”这一观念。故选D。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我从后视镜里看着正在消失的北方森林时，Johan的话在我脑海中回响。A. emerging新兴的；B. expanding扩张的；C. disappearing消失的；D. growing增长的。根据上文“and that part grows smaller every year”可知，古老森林的那部分每年都在变小，因此是指正在消失的北方森林。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们中有太多人已经忘记了这个事实——由于这种遗忘，我们不仅可能危及野生动物的生存，也可能危及我们自己的生存。A. survival生存；B. revival复兴；C. declaration声明；D. possession拥有。根据上文“the death of one means the death of the other”可知，一方的消亡意味着另一方的终结，说明生态系统内部事物息息相关，我们对自然的不断掠夺很有可能危及野生动物的生存，也危及我们自己的生存。故选A。 Passage 5 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The China-Laos cross-border Asian elephant conservation cooperation stands as a model of effective international cooperation in wildlife protection, 1 (highlight) the importance of cooperative efforts in ensuring the survival and well-being of endangered species like the Asian elephant, experts said. Asian elephants are the largest land mammals next to their African 2 (cousin). Unfortunately, the wild elephants in 13 Asian countries are facing critical threats 3 their survival, with a total population 4 (estimate) at 40,000 to 50,000. In China, however, the population has grown from around 150 in the 1960s to roughly 300 today. Wild Asian elephants, 5 live near the China-Laos border, frequently cross between the two countries. If we only protect these elephants on the Chinese side, their safety is not 6 (complete) guaranteed when they enter Laos. Therefore, the government of China initiated joint 7 (ecology) conservation efforts with the Lao government in 2006. China provides technical support, equipment and funds. To date, China and Laos have expanded the elephant protection zones to 220,000 hectares 8 adopted over 40 joint conservation measures. The elephants can safely travel abroad and return. The ability of Asian elephants 9 (cross) the border with freedom indicates the effectiveness of international cross-border conservation. Last year, during an international meeting, the success of the China-Laos cross-border conservation efforts 10 (praise) highly and continuous conservation work was encouraged. 【答案】 1．highlighting 2．cousins 3．to 4．estimated 5．which 6．completely 7．ecological 8．and 9．to cross 10．was praised 【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国和老挝开展亚洲象跨境保护合作的有关信息。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：专家表示，中国—老挝跨境亚洲象保护合作是野生动物保护有效国际合作的典范，突出了合作努力在确保亚洲象等濒危物种生存和福祉方面的重要性。所给动词highlight意为“突出”在句中作结果状语，The China-Laos cross-border Asian elephant conservation cooperation和highlight在逻辑上为主谓关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填highlighting。 2．考查名词复数。句意：亚洲象是仅次于非洲表亲的最大的陆地哺乳动物。cousin为可数名词，这里泛指非洲象，应用复数形式。故填cousins。 3．考查介词。句意：不幸的是，13个亚洲国家的野生大象正面临着严重的生存威胁，它们的总数估计在4万到5万只之间。threat习惯上与介词to搭配，the threat to something意为“对……的威胁”。故填to。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：不幸的是，13个亚洲国家的野生大象正面临着严重的生存威胁，它们的总数估计在4万到5万只之间。名词total population与estimate之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填estimated。 5．考查定语从句。句意：野生亚洲象生活在中老边境附近，经常在两国之间穿行。该空需要一个关系词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面名词短语Wild Asian elephants，并指代先行词在从句中作主语，应填which。故填which。 6．考查副词。句意：如果我们只在中国一侧保护这些大象，它们进入老挝后的安全并不能得到完全保证。该空需要一个副词修饰动词guaranteed。故填completely。 7．考查形容词。句意：因此，中国政府于2006年与老挝政府共同发起了生态保护行动。此处需要一个形容词修饰名词conservation，所给词ecology是一个名词，其形容词为ecological。故填ecological。 8．考查连词。句意：迄今为止，中国和老挝已将大象保护区扩大到22万公顷，并采取了40多项联合保护措施。连接两个并列的谓语动词expanded和adopted，表并列关系，用and。故填and。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：亚洲象能够自由跨越边界表明了国际跨境保护的有效性。所给动词cross在句中作后置定语修饰名词ability，ability需要接不定式作后置定语，the ability to do something意为“做某事的能力”。故填to cross。 10．考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：去年，在一次国际会议上，中老跨境保护工作的成功得到了高度赞扬，并鼓励继续开展保护工作。所给动词praise在句中作谓语，与主语the success为被动关系，应使用被动语态；根据时间状语Last year可知应使用一般过去时；主语是不可数名词，助动词be应使用单数形式。故填was praised。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $