专题08 八下Units5-8（复习讲义）(沪教牛津版教材梳理)2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题08 八下Units5-8（复习讲义）（沪教牛津版教材梳理） 目 录 01考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02思维导图·网络构建 2 03考点通关·靶向突破 2 考点1 重点词汇 2 考点2 易混词辨析 9 考点3 重点句型 9 考点4 重点语法 12 04优题精选·练能提分 19 考点 课标要求 复习目标 重点单词 掌握重点词汇：endangered、weigh、population、cruel、respond、responsibility、noisy、common、choice、lie、feed、unknown、discover、frightened、refuse、believe、agree with 、present、prepare、satisfy、mix、relax等的用法 1.夯实语言基础，熟练掌握词汇、句型与语法规则 2.提升理解与运用能力，能在语境中准确使用知识 3.强化应试技巧，轻松应对各类题型，减少基础失分 易混词辨析 掌握易混词/短语：anger/dangerous/endangered、lonely/alone、discover/invent/find、receive/accept、frightened/frightening、pleased/pleasant、agree with/on/to 重点句型 1.have no choice but to do sth. 2.keep sb. from doing sth. 3.because of + 名词/短语 4.What will … be like? 重点语法 1.it is+adj+（for/of sb.）+to do sth.、enough to do、 2.副词用法 3.过去进行时 4.原因状语从句 命题预测 单词、易混词辨析、句型和语法会融合到各种题型中考查。通常在语法选择、完成句子、语篇填词、语法填空等题型中考查。其中过去进行时、副词用法、原因状语从句、it 句型是中考的高频及核心考点。 考点1 重点词汇 1. endangered 【教材原文】Save the endangered animals.（Unit5） 【主要用法】adj. 濒危的；濒临灭绝的 【派生词】endanger v. 危及；使遭受危险 danger n. 危险；dangerous adj. 危险的 【短语】in (great) danger 处于（极大）危险中 endangered animals 濒危动物 【例句】 · We must protect endangered animals. 我们必须保护濒危动物。 · Many wild animals are in danger. 许多野生动物处于危险中。 2. weigh 【教材原文】How much do they weigh at birth?（Unit5） 【主要用法】v. 称……的重量；重（多少） 【派生词】weight n. 重量；体重 【例句】 · The baby panda weighs about 100 grams at birth. 熊猫宝宝出生时重大约100克。 3. population 【教材原文】The giant panda has a small population.大熊猫的数量很少。（Unit5） 【常见用法】population 意为 “(统称) 某领域的生物；族群；人口”，the population of… 意为 “…… 的人口”。 【例句】 · The population of this town is 80,000.这个镇的人口是 8 万。 · What is the population of your country?你们国家的人口有多少？ 【联想拓展】 large population 人口多 (不能用much)；small population 人口少 (不能用little) · India has a large population. 印度人口众多。 · Singapore has a small population. 新加坡人口少。 4.cruel 【教材原文】It is cruel of them to do so.（Unit5） 【主要用法】adj. 残忍的；残酷的 【派生词】cruelty n. 残忍；残酷 【例句】 · It’s cruel of people to kill pandas for fur. 人们为了皮毛杀害熊猫是残忍的。 5. birth 【教材原文】The baby panda weighs about 100 grams at birth.（Unit5） 【主要用法】n. 出生；诞生 【派生词】born adj. 出生的；与生俱来的（常用搭配 be born） 【常见搭配】at birth 出生时； give birth to 生下；分娩； date of birth 出生日期 【例句】 · Most babies can’t see clearly at birth. 大多数婴儿出生时看不清东西。 · Her mother gave birth to a little girl last week. 她妈妈上周生下了一个小女孩。 · He was born in a small village in 2010. 他2010年出生在一个小村庄。 6. respond 【教材原文】A dog will love you faithfully.（Unit6） 【主要用法】v. 回应；作出反应 【派生词】response n. 回应；答复 responsible adj. 有责任的 responsibility n. 责任；责任心 【例句】 · Please respond to my question quickly. 请快速回复我的问题。 7. responsibility 【教材原文】We can learn responsibility from keeping dogs.（Unit6） 【主要用法】n. 责任；责任心 【常见搭配】be responsible for… 对……负责 【例句】 · It’s our responsibility to take care of pets. 照顾宠物是我们的责任。 8. noisy 【教材原句】Dogs are noisy. 狗是吵闹的。（Unit6） 【常见用法】noisy 作形容词，意为 “嘈杂的；喧闹的；吵闹的”。 【联想拓展】noise 可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词，表示 “声音；响声；噪声”。 【例句】 · I heard some strange noises last night. 昨夜我听见一些奇怪的响声。 · There's a lot of noise here. 这里有很多噪声。 9.common 【教材原句】What's more, it's common for people to live in flats. 更重要的是，人们住在公寓里是很常见的。（Unit6） 【常见用法】common 意为 “常见的；通常的；普遍的”， 【短语和句型】 have something in common 有共同之处（或兴趣、特征） “It's common for sb to do sth.” 意为 “某人做某事很常见”。common 后一般不接 that 从句。 【例句】 · We have a lot in common, so we became good friends quickly. 我们有很多共同之处，所以很快就成了好朋友。 · It's common for teenagers to share their lives on social media. 青少年在社交媒体上分享生活是很常见的。 10. choice 【教材原文】They have no choice but to keep their dogs in small spaces.（Unit6） 【主要用法】n. 选择；抉择 【派生词】choose v. 选择（chose, chosen） have no choice but to do sth. 除了做某事别无选择 【例句】 · I have no choice but to study hard. 我除了努力学习别无选择。 11. lie（躺） 【教材原文】Cats just lie around.（Unit6） 【主要用法】v. 躺；平卧 变形：lie – lay – lain – lying 【例句】 · My dog likes to lie on the sofa. 我的狗喜欢躺在沙发上。 12. feed 【教材原文】We have to feed them, train them and play with them.（Unit6） 【主要用法】v. 喂养（过去式/过去分词：fed） 【短语】feed sth. to sb. 把某物喂给…… feed on… 以…… 为食（动物） 【例句】 · Don’t feed chocolate to dogs. 不要给狗喂巧克力。 13. unknown 【教材原文】The unknown world.（Unit7） 【主要用法】adj. 未知的；不出名的 know v. 知道；known adj. 知名的 【短语】（be）unknown to sb. 不为某人所知 【例句】 · There are many unknown things in space. 太空中有许多未知事物。 14. discover 【教材原文】It discovered them and made a terrible noise.（Unit7） 【主要用法】v. 发现 【派生词】discovery n. 发现 【例句】 · Scientists discovered a new planet recently. 科学家最近发现了一颗新行星。 15. frightened 【教材原文】The children were frightened.（Unit7） 【主要用法】adj. 惊吓的；害怕的（修饰人） 【派生词】frightening adj. 令人害怕的（修饰事物） 【例句】 · She felt frightened when she saw the alien. 看到外星人时她感到害怕。 16. refuse 【教材原文】Since no one else saw these aliens, I refuse to believe you.（Unit7） 【主要用法】v. 拒绝 【短语】refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 【例句】 · He refused to help me yesterday. 他昨天拒绝帮助我。 17. believe 【教材原文】I refuse to believe you.（Unit7） 【主要用法】v. 相信；认为 【派生词】belief n.信心，信任 ； believable adj.可信的 【短语】believe in… 信任；信仰 【例句】 · I believe you will win the game. 我相信你会赢得比赛。 18. agree with 同意；赞成 【教材原句】… and why you agree or disagree with your classmate………以及为什么你同意或不同意你同学（的意见）……（Unit7） 【常见用法】agree with 意为“同意；赞成”，disagree with 意为“不同意；持不同意见”，后接表示人的名词或代词，也可接某人的决定、行为或建议等。 【例句】 · I agree with you, but I don’t agree with his decision.我同意你（的意见），但我不同意他的决定。 · I disagree with his suggestion.我不同意他的建议。 19. present 【教材原文】Write an Internet post about life in the past and present.(Unit8) 【主要用法】 (1)作名词 ①表示 “现在”： · We must learn from the past and live in the present.我们必须向过去学习，活在当下。 · At present, more and more students use smartphones for study.目前，越来越多的学生用手机学习。 ②表示 “礼物”： · I bought a nice present for my mom’s birthday.我为妈妈的生日买了一份精美的礼物。 · This handmade card is the best present I’ve ever received.这张手工贺卡是我收到过最好的礼物。 (2)作形容词 ①表示 “现在的”： · My present job is a part-time tutor.我现在的工作是兼职家教。 · The present situation requires us to work harder.当前的形势要求我们更加努力。 ②表示 “在场的”： · All present students agreed with the plan.所有在场的学生都同意这个计划。 (3)作动词：v. 颁发；赠送；呈现 · He presented a report to the class.他向全班同学展示了一份报告。 · Our teacher presented each winner with a medal.老师给每位获胜者颁发了一枚奖牌。 20. wonder 【教材原文】I wonder what it means.（Unit7） 【主要用法】v. 想知道；n. 奇迹 【派生词】wonderful adj. 极好的 【例句】 · I wonder where he comes from. 我想知道他来自哪里。 · The Great Wall is a wonder of the world.长城是世界奇迹。 21. prepare 【教材原文】What will you need to prepare for the trip?（Unit8） 【主要用法】v. 准备 【派生词】preparation n. 准备 【短语】prepare for… 为……做准备 make preparations for 为……做准备 【例句】 · We are preparing for the coming exam. 我们正在为即将到来的考试做准备。 22. satisfy 【教材原文】They will satisfy everyone.（Unit8） 【主要用法】v. 使满意；满足 【派生词】satisfied adj. 感到满意的；satisfying adj.令人满意的 【短语】be satisfied with… 对……满意 【例句】 · The result satisfied all of us. 这个结果让我们所有人都满意。 23. mix 【教材原句】The hydrogen in the car is mixed with oxygen from the air to make electricity for the car.汽车中的氢气和空气中的氧气混合，从而为汽车发电。（Unit8） 【常见用法】mix 作动词，意为 “(使) 混合”。 · If you mix coffee with milk, you'll get a tasty drink.如果你把咖啡和牛奶混合在一起，你会得到一杯美味的饮品。 【联想拓展】 (1) mix … with … 使…… 与…… 相混合 · She mixed the fruit with yogurt to make a salad.她把水果和酸奶混合在一起做沙拉。 (2) mix … into … 把…… 混 (掺) 入…… · Please mix some chocolate chips into the cookie dough.请把一些巧克力碎掺入曲奇面团里。 (3) mix … up with 弄混 · It's easy to mix up the two books; they have almost the same cover.很容易把这两本书弄混，它们的封面几乎一模一样。 24.relax 【教材原文】Then you sit back and relax as the car takes you there.（Unit8） 【主要用法】v. 放松；休息 【派生词】relaxed adj. 放松的（修饰人） relaxing adj. 令人放松的（修饰事物） 【例句】 · Listening to music helps me relax. 听音乐帮助我放松。 一、 单词拼写 1．It was a really p________ and memorable experience. 2．Nowadays, some people like to explore and d________ something new. 3．It’s important to take ________ (责任) for our own actions. 4．This is my only ________ (choose). 5．I saw him l________ on the grass to look up at the sky and count the stars. 6．It was so n________ here that I could hardly hear what the teacher said. 7．As a doctor, Frank has r________ to look after his patients. 8．Smoking on the plane may c________ fire, so it’s not allowed. 9．Nowadays, computers are very c________. Almost every family owns one. 10．—How did your teacher r________ to your being late? —I think he must be very angry. 11．We should protect e________ animals. 12．Susan put on w________ because she ate more and exercised less. 13．The motive for the killing is u__________. 14．They often m________ French with English because they are similar. 15．It’s important for schools to ________ (满足) the needs of all the students’ development. 16．They can also ______ (放松) when they lose themselves in this outdoor activity. 17.As you can see, China has the biggest ________ (人口) in the world. 18. When she saw the snake suddenly, she felt very f________. 19.The panda had its first baby last month. It’s a big event for the b________ of the young panda. 20. It's hard to b________ that such a small boy can run so fast. 考点2 易混词辨析 1. danger / dangerous / endangered 单词 中文意思 用法 例句 danger n. 危险 名词；in danger 处于危险中 Many animals are in danger. 许多动物处于危险中。 dangerous adj. 危险的 事物本身有危险性 It is dangerous to swim alone. 独自游泳很危险。 endangered adj. 濒危的 修饰动植物物种 Pandas are endangered animals. 熊猫是濒危动物。 2. lonely / alone 单词 中文意思 用法 例句 lonely adj. 孤独的；偏僻的 主观情感，修饰人/地点 He feels lonely without friends. 没有朋友他感到孤独。 alone adj./adv. 独自；单独 客观状态，不作定语 She lives alone but happy. 她独自居住但很快乐。 3. discover / invent / find 单词 中文意思 用法 例句 discover v. 发现 发现原本存在的事物 Columbus discovered America. 哥伦布发现了美洲。 invent v. 发明 创造原本没有的东西 Bell invented the telephone. 贝尔发明了电话。 find v. 找到 强调寻找后的结果 I found my key under the bed. 我在床底下找到了钥匙。 4. receive / accept 单词 中文意思 用法 例句 receive v. 收到 客观收到，不表态度 I received a letter yesterday. 我昨天收到一封信。 accept v. 接受 主观愿意收下 I received the gift but didn’t accept it. 我收到礼物但没有接受。 5. frightened / frightening 单词 中文意思 用法 例句 frightened adj. 感到害怕的 通常修饰人 The girl was frightened. 这个女孩感到害怕。 frightening adj. 令人害怕的 通常修饰事物 It was a frightening noise. 那是个吓人的声音。 6. pleased / pleasant 单词 中文意思 用法 例句 pleased adj. 高兴的；满意的 修饰人的感受 My parents are pleased with me. 我父母对我很满意。 pleasant adj. 令人愉快的；讨人喜欢的 修饰天气、旅行、食物等； 修饰人时：指性格、态度、举止让人觉得舒服、友好、和蔼 We had a pleasant trip. 我们有一次愉快的旅行。 She is a pleasant girl.她时一个讨人喜欢的女孩。 please v.使...高兴 及物动词 You can’t please everyone.你不可能让所有人都满意。 7. agree 短语 词组 意义 用法 例句 agree with 同意；赞成 后面接某人或某人的决定等 I don’t agree with him. 我不赞成他（的想法）。 agree to 同意；答应；应允 常表示做别人想做或建议做的事 We agreed to their arrangement. 我们同意了他们的安排。 agree on 取得一致意见 主要指双方通过协商而意见一致 We agreed on the price for the car. 我们就车价达成了一致意见。 agree to do 同意做 后面接动词原形，表示“同意做某事” She agreed to help me study for the test. 她同意帮我备考。 1．Yesterday Mary ________ a surprising present, but she didn’t ________ it. A．accepted; received B．received; accept C．received; accepted D．accepted; receive 2．The little girl was too ________ to say a word when she saw the ________ animal. A．frightened; frightening B．frightened; frightened C．frightening; frightened D．frightening; frightening 3．—Now, computers ______ people, especially the young. —Yes, I agree ______ you. A．is popular with: with B．are popular with ; with C．are popular to; on D．is popular for; to 4. She lives ________ in the house, but she doesn’t feel ________ at all. A．lonely; alone B．alone; lonely C．lonely; lonely D．alone; alone 5.As we grow older, we’ll ______ we have two hands: one for helping ourselves; the other for helping others. A．warn B．cause C．discover D．invent 6. We finally finished the difficult project not only ________ we tried our best, but also ________ our teamwork. A．because; because B．because; because of C．because of; because D．because of; because of 考点3 重点句型 1. have no choice but to do sth. 【教材原句】They have no choice but to keep their dogs in small spaces.（Unit6） 【句式结构】在此句型中but：意为 “除了…… 之外”，后面加不定式to do。 【例句】I have no choice but to leave. 我除了离开别无选择。 2. keep sb. from doing sth. 【教材原句】This stops people from getting any sleep.（Unit6） 【句式结构】keep sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。from 是介词，后面加名词或动名词。同义表达：stop / prevent sb. from doing sth. 【例句】We must keep children from playing with fire. 我们必须阻止孩子玩火。 3. because of + 名词/短语 【教材原句】The spaceship was damaged because of a crash.（Unit7） 【句式结构】because of后接名词、代词或动名词。 【例句】He was late because of heavy rain. 因为大雨他迟到了。 4. What will … be like? 【教材原句】What will life be like in the future?（Unit8） 【句式结构】What will … be like?意为“……将会是什么样子？” 【例句】What will the school be like in 2050? 2050年的学校会是什么样？ 1．We should stop people from ________ (hunt) wild animals. 2. 我们应该阻止人类砍伐树木，破坏它们的栖息地。 We should ________ humans ________ ________ down trees and destroying their habitats. 3. 雨下得很大，我们别无选择，只能推迟运动会。 It is raining cats and dogs. We ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ put off the sports meeting. 4. 未来的家乡将会是什么样子？ ________ ________ our hometown ________ ________ in the future? 考点4 重点语法 一、 it is+adj+（for、of sb.）+to do sth. adj./adv. +enough+ to do 句型 含义 例句 it's+adj.(+for+sb.)+动词不定式或it is+adj.+that从句。 表示“做某事(对某人来说)怎么样”。常用形容词有kind (友善的)、nice (友好的)、polite (有礼貌的)、clever (聪明的)、careless (粗心的)等。 It is not easy for Jim to learn Chinese. 学汉语对吉姆来说不容易。 it's+adj.+of+sb.+动词不定式 表示“某人做某事怎么样”。 It's kind of you to help me. 你帮助我太好了。 主语+be+形容词+动词不定式 表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad (高兴的)、pleased (高兴的)、sorry (遗憾的；难过的)、sad (忧伤的)等后常接动词不定式。 I'm sorry to hear that. 听到那件事我很难过。 adj./adv. +enough+ to do enough+n.+to do enough 意为 “足够地”，作副词，修饰形容词或副词，放在所修饰词之后；enough 还可意为 “足够的”，作限定词，修饰名词，常放在所修饰名词之前。 He is strong enough to lift the chair. 他足够强壮，能举起这把椅子。 He has enough money to buy a car. 他有足够的钱买一辆汽车。 2、 副词的基本用法 一、副词的概念 副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、介词短语乃至全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。 二、副词的句法功能 成分 功能 例句 作状语 (1)修饰动词、形容词和其他副词 (2)修饰整个句子 They are warmly welcomed by the students.(修饰动词) 他们受到学生们的热烈欢迎。 He felt very surprised.(修饰形容词) 他感到非常地惊讶。 He is almost always late. 他几乎总是迟到。(修饰副词) Luckily,I didn't hurt myself when I fell.(修饰整个句子) 幸运的是，我跌倒时没伤着。 作定语 少数地点副词和时间副词可以作定语，放在所修饰词的后面。 The people here are all very kind to me. 这儿的人都对我非常和善。 作表语 作表语的副词多数是表示方位、动作或状态的，如in、out、on、back、down、up、off、away、upstairs等。 I’m sorry,Dr Huang is out at the moment. 对不起，黄医生现在出去了。 作宾语补足语 作补足语主要说明宾语和主语所处的位置，状态等。 An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一苹果，医生远离我。 三、副词的位置 副词 副词的位置 例句 时间副词 可放于句首或句末，有时还可以放在动词前。 I'll be back soon. 我很快就回来。 地点副词 一般置于句末，往往紧跟在动词(+宾语)后，偶尔也可放于句首，尤其是here和 there。 They played games outdoors. 他们在户外玩游戏。 方式副词 主要放在动词(+宾语)后面；在表示特别强调时， 偶尔也可放在实义动词前面，第一个助动词后面。 I usually drive very carefully . 我通常开车十分小心。 程度副词 修饰形容词和副词时，应放在形容词和副词前面；修饰动词时，常常放在第一个助动词后，实义动词之前。 He studies English very hard. 他很努力地学习英语。 频度副词 常放在系动词be、情态动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前。 When he is free, he often helps at Helping Hands club. 当他有空的时候，他经常在帮助手俱乐部帮忙。 疑问副词、连接副词及关系副词 通常放在句子或从句的 最前面。 Can you tell me how you did it? 你能告诉我你如何做的吗? 四、副词的分类 (1) 时间副词:ago, before, already, now, just, soon, then, yet, always, usually, often, sometimes, never, ever等。 (2)地点副词:here, there, in, out, back, home等。 (3)程度副词:very, much, only, quite, too, so, nearly, enough, hard, still等。 (4)疑问副词:when, where, how, why等。 (5)方式副词:quickly, slowly, carefully, loudly, strongly, badly, happily等。 五、形容词变副词的变化规则 情况 构成 示例 一般情况 在形容的词尾加-ly quick→quickly 双音节、多音节，以y结尾 将y改为i再加-ly happy→happily heavy→heavily 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y为i，再加-ly angry→angrily生气地 happy→happily高兴地 以“辅音字母+e”结尾 直接加-ly wide→widely广泛地 polite有礼貌的→politely礼貌地 以“元音字母+e”结尾 去e加-ly true真正的→truly确实；真正 以“辅音字母+le”结尾 去e加y simple简单的→simply简单地 terrible糟糕的→terribly非常糟的 possible可能的→possibly可能地 以ll 结尾 直接加-y full满的；充满的→fully完全地；充分地 注意：有两种形式的副词的词义比较 形容词 副词(与形容词同形) 副词(形容词+-ly) hard努力地 hard努力地；猛烈地 hardly几乎不，常表示否定 high高的 high在高处 highly表示程度，很；非常 near近的 near表示距离近，在附近 nearly几乎 deep深的 deep指具体的深度，在深处 deeply抽象意义，常指感情的深度，深刻地；非常 late迟到的；晚的 late迟；晚 lately最近；不久前 wide宽阔的 wide充分地 widely广泛地 提示： 有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如：motherly 慈母般的、lovely令人愉快的、lively 活泼的、friendly 友好的、lonely 孤独的。 例句：Susan is a friendly girl.苏珊是一个很友好的女孩。 例句：He looks very manly in his uniform.他穿着制服十分精神。 六、副词的比较等级 1. 副词比较级和最高级的变化规则 规则变化： （1）单音节词直接在其后面加 -er/-est。 例如：fast—faster—fastest。 （2）以字母 e 结尾的单音节词在其后面直接加 -r/-st。 例如：late—later—latest。 （3）以辅音字母加 -y 结尾的双音节词，先把 y 改为 i，再加 -er/-est。 例如：happily—more happily—most happily。 （4）部分双音节词和大部分多音节的词在其前面加 more/most。 例如：quickly—more quickly—most quickly；seriously—more seriously—most seriously。 （5）重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加 -er/-est。 如：thin—thinner—thinnest。 不规则变化： well—better—best much—more—most little—less—least far—farther/further—farthest/furthest badly—worse—worst 2. 副词的比较级的一些用法 （1）比较级前面可以用 much, far, a little, a bit, a lot 等词或短语修饰，表示程度。 She runs much faster than me.她跑得比我快多了。 （2）两个副词的比较级可以叠加表示 “越来越……”。其结构可以是 “比较级 + and + 比较级”，多音节词可以用 “more and more + 原级” 结构。 The wind blew more and more strongly.风刮得越来越大了。 （3）如果表示 “越……，就越……” 可以用 “the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 结构。 The more you read, the more you know.你读得越多，懂得就越多。 3、 过去进行时 （1）具体运用 1.过去进行时表示过去某一个时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作.通常与表示过去的时间状语连用.then, at this/that time, yesterday, at nine, last night等 At 8:00 o'clock yesterday evening I was having dinner with some friends. 昨天晚上八点,我在和几位朋友一起吃饭. The doorbell rang while my mother was cooking the dinner.在妈妈做饭时,门铃响了. Mary fell asleep while she was watching TV.玛丽看着电视睡着了. My son was learning English in Australia last autumn.去年秋天我儿子在澳大利亚学习英语. I was reading an interesting book last month.上个月我在看一本有趣的书. 2.表示移动的动词.如:come, start, stay, leave, fly等词的过去进行时,可以表示过去将要发生的动作 He was leaving the following day.他第二天将要离开. She asked when I was starting.她问我何时动身. 3.过去进行时动词常与always, forever, continually, constantly, frequently等副词连用,代替一般过去时,强调过去经常性或习惯性动作,表现出说话人的赞美、厌烦等情绪 He was forever complaining about something.他老是怨这怨那. He was constantly asking questions.他老是没完没了地提问题. 4.在含有时间状语从句的复合句中,延续时间较长的动作用过去进行时,另一个动作用一般过去时.若表示两个延续动作在过去某一时刻同时发生,则主句和从句的谓语动词都用过去进行时 What was Jim doing when the teacher came in?老师进来的时候吉姆在做什么? He read a piece of newspaper while he was waiting for the bus.他一边等车,一边看报. The students were reading while the teacher was grading their homework. 学生们在看书,而老师在批改他们的家庭作业. 注意： (1)静态动词如be, have, seem, depend on(依靠)等一般不能用于进行时态. (2)表示知觉、认识或情感的动词如see, hear, believe, know, like, love, want, wish等一般也没有进行时态. （2）过去进行时时间标志词 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+was/were+动词-ing形式+其他. Alice was sitting with her classmates by the river. 爱丽丝正和她的同学坐在河边。 否定句 主语+was/were+not+动词-ing形式+其他. Alice was not/wasn’t sitting with her classmates by the river. 爱丽丝没有和她的同学们坐在河边。 一般疑问句 —Was/Were+主语+动词-ing形式+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答:No,主语+was/were not. —Was Alice sitting with her classmates by the river? 爱丽丝正和她的同学们坐在河边吗？ —Yes,I was./No,I wasn't.是的，她和同学坐在河边。 /不，她没有和同学坐在河边。 （3）过去进行时时间标志词 时间标志词 then (指过去)当时,那时 at that time 当时 this time yesterday 昨天这个时候 at ten yesterday 昨天十点 last night 昨晚 （4）when和while用法辨析 when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,且从而多用一般过去时;而while 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的,且从句多用过去进行时。 When she came in, her mother was cooking.她进来时，她的妈妈正在做饭。 While I was reading, she sang.我看书的时候,她唱歌。 4、 原因状语从句 在句中表示原因、理由的从句叫原因状语从句。 1 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, since, as。 2 表示语气的强弱顺序是：because﹥since﹥as。 3 这些连词都不能和so连用。 4 当原因状语从句放于句首时，通常要用逗号与主句隔开。 ①引导词because 1.because强调明确直接的因果关系，回答“why”问题 She didn’t come to school because she was ill. 她没来上学是因为病了。 — Why was he angry? 他为什么生气？ — Because I was late. 因为我迟到了。 2. because从句可与for互换，但for是并列连词，连接的是并列句，并且在for前必须有逗号隔开。如： We must start early because it will take us 3 hours to drive there. 我们要早点出发，因为开车去那儿要3个小时。 = We must start early, for it will take us 3 hours to drive there. ②．引导词since 1. since表示明摆着的理由或原因，常译为“既然” Since you have finished your homework, you can take a rest. 既然你已完成了作业，那就休息一下吧。 2. since还可引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来” We’ve known each other since we were children. 我们从孩提时代起就相识了。 ③．引导词as 1 as语气最弱，表示附带说明的原因 2 as还可引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”、“随着……”。如： He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起来时，把杯子摔了。 We get wiser as we get old. 随着年龄的增长，我们也变得聪明些了。 ④because与 because of的区别 because和because of的意思都是“因为；由于”。 但because 是连词，其后接句子。because of 是复合介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词、what 从句等。 She doesn’t go to school because she is ill. = She doesn’t go to school because of her illness. 她没来上学因为她生病了。 一、单项选择 一、单项选择 1．During the Mid-Autumn Festival, children make lanterns as ________ as their grandparents do to celebrate this traditional Chinese holiday. A．careful B．more careful C．most carefully D．carefully 2.The judges all agreed that Ann spoke         of all the students in the debate. A．confidently B．more confidently C．very confidently D．most confidently 3．—How was the weather yesterday? —It was terrible. It rained ________. People could ______ go out. A．hardly; hardly B．hardly; hard C．hard; hard D．hard; hardly 4．I’m sorry I didn’t answer your call just now. Because I ________ knowledge from the astronauts in Tiangong Classroom. A．learned B．am learning C．has learned D．was learning 5．Our English teacher is patient enough ________ much time ________ grammar rules to us. A．spend; explaining B．spending; to explain C．to spend; explaining D．to spend; explain 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．It’s important for us ________ (save) endangered animals. 2．The chemicals should be added to the cup s________ so that they will not mix together. 3．Hawaii is a ________ (true) beautiful place. Many people go there on vacation every year. 4. My little brother is too young to go to school a________, so my father drives him to school every day. 5. Lucy dances ________ (good) of all. 6．My sister ________ (draw) a picture when I came in. 【答案】was drawing 7．He ________ (read) a book while his brother ________ (watch) TV. 8．The boy is strong enough ________ (carry) the heavy box by himself. 三、完成句子 1. 人们用陷阱捕捉野生动物是残忍的。 ________ ________ ________ ________ people to catch wild animals with traps. 2. 一天晚上，当我们正在记录数据时，一只小海龟正缓慢地向大海移动。 While we were recording data one night, a baby turtle ________ ________ ________ towards the sea. 3.因为大雨，我们昨天没有去野餐。 We didn't go for a picnic yesterday ________ ________ the heavy rain. 4. 她和她姐姐学习一样努力。She studies ________ ________ ________ her sister. 5.你练习得越多，英语说得就越好。 ________ ________ you practice, ________ ________ you speak English. 一、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．Take your time and ________ (weight) the two choices. Don’t make a decision in a hurry. 2．He is the president of a large international ________ (organize). 3．He looked pale although the doctor said he was out of ________. (dangerous) 4．The bus station is in the ________ (center) part of the city. 5.It's important for children ________ (sleep) eight hours a day. 6．There are many ________ (know) things in space. 7．I was reading ________ in the study while my parents were sleeping. (quiet) 8．—Excuse me, would you mind ________ (refuse) the invitation for me? —No, not at all. 9．Our teacher is very ________ with the progress we are making. (please) 11．Her schoolwork has been much better ________ (recent). 12．When I called Lucy last night, she ________ (watch) a movie with her family. 13．—I called you yesterday morning, but you didn’t answer. —Sorry about that. I guess I ________ (prepare) for the family dinner. 14. He can speak English ________ (well) than me. 15. She writes ________ (careful) in our class. 二、语法选择 In the year 2099, every child on Earth had his or her own spacecraft. Of course, they were small and couldn’t travel out of the solar system. This was fine for everyone except Stanley. He was curious and looking forward to 1 around the whole universe, so he worked on his spacecraft 2 it could go anywhere! His friends, George and Amanda, were not 3 about Stanley’s super spacecraft. “Who wants 4 the universe?” George asked. “Our solar system is 5 .” “That’s true,” agreed Amanda. “Yesterday I went shopping on Mars and then flew around some asteroids for fun. I even chased a comet.” “Just get into my spacecraft,” said Stanley. “Today I will take you on 6 amazing journey.” When they got into the spacecraft, Stanley 7 everything. Soon the three friends were going to fly past the moon. “Now, watch this,” said Stanley. A red button 8 and the spacecraft went fast. Whoosh! George and Amanda grabbed their seats 9 and looked out the window. The sun was just a speck of light round it were 10 stars in the shape of a disk. “That’s our Milky Way galaxy,” said Stanley pressed a blue button. Whooooosh! The spacecraft flew much 11 into space. Suddenly, they saw many tiny galaxies all around them. “Welcome to the universe,” said Stanley. Amanda gasped. “I will remember this day forever. Thank you, Stanley. It is kind 12 you to offer us the trip.” “It’s amazing, Stanley. Thank you,” George said. “Can the spacecraft 13 at the moon 14 I’d like to have a pizza on our way back? I’m really 15 .” “Of course!” said Stanley. His super spacecraft raced back to the moon. 1．A．travel B．travels C．travelled D．travelling 2．A．until B．when C．although D．if 3．A．excitement B．exciting C．excited D．excitedly 4．A．see B．saw C．to see D．seeing 5．A．enough big B．big enough C．bigger enough D．enough bigger 6．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 7．A．checks B．will check C．is checking D．was checking 8．A．pushes B．pushed C．was pushed D．was pushing 9．A．hard B．hardly C．harder D．hardest 10．A．billion B．billion of C．billions D．billions of 11．A．far B．farther C．farthest D．the farthest 12．A．with B．for C．of D．to 13．A．stop B．stopped C．is stopped D．be stopped 14．A．because B．because of C．but D．so 15．A．hunger B．hungry C．hungrier D．hungrily 三、短文填空 A 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上规定的位置上。 Flamingos (火烈鸟) are one of the most beautiful birds in the world. At 1 (born), they are grey or white. And they slowly turn pink when they grow up. They can usually live 20 to 30 years, and some even live up to the age of 50. They are able to “run” on the water because of their special 2 (foot). Dr Paul Rose and his team have done a study on flamingos. It shows the birds always live in large groups, but they spend most of the time with a small group of friends, just 3 people. “It’s easy to find out whether flamingos are friends or not. Usually, 4 group of friends sit or stand less than one neck length away from each other. So when other groups of flamingos come too near, they will extend(伸长) their long necks 5 (fight),” Dr Rose said. Another interesting thing 6 (find) by the team and it surprised them—Flamingos choose those with similar personalities and colours when making friends. The findings of the study are important 7 they can help zoos get to know how to keep flamingos happy and 8 (health). “Keepers should have as many birds as possible. If the group is bigger, the flamingos will be able to find their friends 9 (easy),” Dr Rose said. “And when moving 10 (they) from one zoo to another, keepers should be careful not to keep the birds away from their good friends.” B 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 One morning I got up very early. I wanted to go to see my teacher. I was walking along the street when I heard a strange sound coming from the sky. I held up my head and saw strange animal with a big head and small body flying around. It has beautiful f 1 , its eyes were as big as a bulb, its mouth was like a pan, and its nose was too small to be seen. “It must be an a 2 ” I said to myself, “Great!Great!” I was so p 3 and excited that I stopped to watch it carefully. It walked into a shop, the assistant in the shop was very scared. Then she called the police. When it heard the police whistle, it rushed o 4 of the shop and got into a UFO. The UFO flew away q 5 . C 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Recently, I learned something about animals. Some of them are hurt and in d 1 because of humans. One big reason animals are in trouble is because we destroy their homes, like forests and wetlands. Another reason is hunting. Some people hunt animals for their fur or bones. This is very c 2 . When we lose animals, it affects plants and people too. It can become a s 3 problem because nature needs a balance. We can help save animals. We should r 4 to buy things made from wild animals. We can also support people and organizations that work to protect them. Keep harming nature or help it? Your c 5 is so important. Let’s choose to help. Together, we can make a difference and ensure the world remains the best home for animals. 四、完成句子 1．很多野生动物正处在危险之中。 Many wild animals ________ ________ ________. 2. 我们应该阻止人们猎杀野生动物。 We should ________ people ________ hunting wild animals. 3．但是，这些人拒绝放弃。最终，他们在火星上建立了新家园。 However, these people ________ ________ ________ ________. Finally, they built a new home on Mars. 4．一开始，找到食物和水来维持生存是很困难的。 At the beginning, ________ ________ difficult for people ________ ________ food and water to stay alive. 6.莉莉放学走路回家时，听到了小狗微弱的呜咽声。 Lily __________ __________ home from school when she heard a puppy’s faint whimpers. 7．由于寒冷的雨水，小狗看起来非常虚弱和害怕。 __________ __________ the cold rain, the puppy looked very weak and scared. 8.在英歌舞中，舞蹈混合了武术。 In Yingge Dance, the dance ________ ________ ________ martial arts. 9.许多野生动物在野外不得不独自生存。 Many wild animals have to live ________ ________ ________ in the wild. 10. 为了保持健康，我们别无选择只能健康饮食和做运动。 To keep healthy, we ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ eat healthily and do sport. 11．目前，他们正在参加学校郊游。 ________ ________ ________, they are on the school trip. 12.为什么有些学生想要尽快工作？ Why do some students want to start work ________ ________ ________ ________? 13.在图书馆里请保持安静。 Please ________ ________ in the library. 14.你知道你刚出生时多重吗？ Do you know how much you weighed __________ __________? 15.我们可以在互联网上获取许多有用的信息。 We can get a lot of useful information ________ ________ ________. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 八下Units5-8（复习讲义）（沪教牛津版教材梳理） 目 录 01考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02思维导图·网络构建 2 03考点通关·靶向突破 2 考点1 重点词汇 2 考点2 易混词辨析 10 考点3 重点句型 11 考点4 重点语法 15 04优题精选·练能提分 24 考点 课标要求 复习目标 重点单词 掌握重点词汇：endangered、weigh、population、cruel、respond、responsibility、noisy、common、choice、lie、feed、unknown、discover、frightened、refuse、believe、agree with 、present、prepare、satisfy、mix、relax等的用法 1.夯实语言基础，熟练掌握词汇、句型与语法规则 2.提升理解与运用能力，能在语境中准确使用知识 3.强化应试技巧，轻松应对各类题型，减少基础失分 易混词辨析 掌握易混词/短语：anger/dangerous/endangered、lonely/alone、discover/invent/find、receive/accept、frightened/frightening、pleased/pleasant、agree with/on/to 重点句型 1.have no choice but to do sth. 2.keep sb. from doing sth. 3.because of + 名词/短语 4.What will … be like? 重点语法 1.it is+adj+（for/of sb.）+to do sth.、enough to do、 2.副词用法 3.过去进行时 4.原因状语从句 命题预测 单词、易混词辨析、句型和语法会融合到各种题型中考查。通常在语法选择、完成句子、语篇填词、语法填空等题型中考查。其中过去进行时、副词用法、原因状语从句、it 句型是中考的高频及核心考点。 考点1 重点词汇 1. endangered 【教材原文】Save the endangered animals.（Unit5） 【主要用法】adj. 濒危的；濒临灭绝的 【派生词】endanger v. 危及；使遭受危险 danger n. 危险；dangerous adj. 危险的 【短语】in (great) danger 处于（极大）危险中 endangered animals 濒危动物 【例句】 · We must protect endangered animals. 我们必须保护濒危动物。 · Many wild animals are in danger. 许多野生动物处于危险中。 2. weigh 【教材原文】How much do they weigh at birth?（Unit5） 【主要用法】v. 称……的重量；重（多少） 【派生词】weight n. 重量；体重 【例句】 · The baby panda weighs about 100 grams at birth. 熊猫宝宝出生时重大约100克。 3. population 【教材原文】The giant panda has a small population.大熊猫的数量很少。（Unit5） 【常见用法】population 意为 “(统称) 某领域的生物；族群；人口”，the population of… 意为 “…… 的人口”。 【例句】 · The population of this town is 80,000.这个镇的人口是 8 万。 · What is the population of your country?你们国家的人口有多少？ 【联想拓展】 large population 人口多 (不能用much)；small population 人口少 (不能用little) · India has a large population. 印度人口众多。 · Singapore has a small population. 新加坡人口少。 4.cruel 【教材原文】It is cruel of them to do so.（Unit5） 【主要用法】adj. 残忍的；残酷的 【派生词】cruelty n. 残忍；残酷 【例句】 · It’s cruel of people to kill pandas for fur. 人们为了皮毛杀害熊猫是残忍的。 5. birth 【教材原文】The baby panda weighs about 100 grams at birth.（Unit5） 【主要用法】n. 出生；诞生 【派生词】born adj. 出生的；与生俱来的（常用搭配 be born） 【常见搭配】at birth 出生时； give birth to 生下；分娩； date of birth 出生日期 【例句】 · Most babies can’t see clearly at birth. 大多数婴儿出生时看不清东西。 · Her mother gave birth to a little girl last week. 她妈妈上周生下了一个小女孩。 · He was born in a small village in 2010. 他2010年出生在一个小村庄。 6. respond 【教材原文】A dog will love you faithfully.（Unit6） 【主要用法】v. 回应；作出反应 【派生词】response n. 回应；答复 responsible adj. 有责任的 responsibility n. 责任；责任心 【例句】 · Please respond to my question quickly. 请快速回复我的问题。 7. responsibility 【教材原文】We can learn responsibility from keeping dogs.（Unit6） 【主要用法】n. 责任；责任心 【常见搭配】be responsible for… 对……负责 【例句】 · It’s our responsibility to take care of pets. 照顾宠物是我们的责任。 8. noisy 【教材原句】Dogs are noisy. 狗是吵闹的。（Unit6） 【常见用法】noisy 作形容词，意为 “嘈杂的；喧闹的；吵闹的”。 【联想拓展】noise 可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词，表示 “声音；响声；噪声”。 【例句】 · I heard some strange noises last night. 昨夜我听见一些奇怪的响声。 · There's a lot of noise here. 这里有很多噪声。 9.common 【教材原句】What's more, it's common for people to live in flats. 更重要的是，人们住在公寓里是很常见的。（Unit6） 【常见用法】common 意为 “常见的；通常的；普遍的”， 【短语和句型】 have something in common 有共同之处（或兴趣、特征） “It's common for sb to do sth.” 意为 “某人做某事很常见”。common 后一般不接 that 从句。 【例句】 · We have a lot in common, so we became good friends quickly. 我们有很多共同之处，所以很快就成了好朋友。 · It's common for teenagers to share their lives on social media. 青少年在社交媒体上分享生活是很常见的。 10. choice 【教材原文】They have no choice but to keep their dogs in small spaces.（Unit6） 【主要用法】n. 选择；抉择 【派生词】choose v. 选择（chose, chosen） have no choice but to do sth. 除了做某事别无选择 【例句】 · I have no choice but to study hard. 我除了努力学习别无选择。 11. lie（躺） 【教材原文】Cats just lie around.（Unit6） 【主要用法】v. 躺；平卧 变形：lie – lay – lain – lying 【例句】 · My dog likes to lie on the sofa. 我的狗喜欢躺在沙发上。 12. feed 【教材原文】We have to feed them, train them and play with them.（Unit6） 【主要用法】v. 喂养（过去式/过去分词：fed） 【短语】feed sth. to sb. 把某物喂给…… feed on… 以…… 为食（动物） 【例句】 · Don’t feed chocolate to dogs. 不要给狗喂巧克力。 13. unknown 【教材原文】The unknown world.（Unit7） 【主要用法】adj. 未知的；不出名的 know v. 知道；known adj. 知名的 【短语】（be）unknown to sb. 不为某人所知 【例句】 · There are many unknown things in space. 太空中有许多未知事物。 14. discover 【教材原文】It discovered them and made a terrible noise.（Unit7） 【主要用法】v. 发现 【派生词】discovery n. 发现 【例句】 · Scientists discovered a new planet recently. 科学家最近发现了一颗新行星。 15. frightened 【教材原文】The children were frightened.（Unit7） 【主要用法】adj. 惊吓的；害怕的（修饰人） 【派生词】frightening adj. 令人害怕的（修饰事物） 【例句】 · She felt frightened when she saw the alien. 看到外星人时她感到害怕。 16. refuse 【教材原文】Since no one else saw these aliens, I refuse to believe you.（Unit7） 【主要用法】v. 拒绝 【短语】refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 【例句】 · He refused to help me yesterday. 他昨天拒绝帮助我。 17. believe 【教材原文】I refuse to believe you.（Unit7） 【主要用法】v. 相信；认为 【派生词】belief n.信心，信任 ； believable adj.可信的 【短语】believe in… 信任；信仰 【例句】 · I believe you will win the game. 我相信你会赢得比赛。 18. agree with 同意；赞成 【教材原句】… and why you agree or disagree with your classmate………以及为什么你同意或不同意你同学（的意见）……（Unit7） 【常见用法】agree with 意为“同意；赞成”，disagree with 意为“不同意；持不同意见”，后接表示人的名词或代词，也可接某人的决定、行为或建议等。 【例句】 · I agree with you, but I don’t agree with his decision.我同意你（的意见），但我不同意他的决定。 · I disagree with his suggestion.我不同意他的建议。 19. present 【教材原文】Write an Internet post about life in the past and present.(Unit8) 【主要用法】 (1)作名词 ①表示 “现在”： · We must learn from the past and live in the present.我们必须向过去学习，活在当下。 · At present, more and more students use smartphones for study.目前，越来越多的学生用手机学习。 ②表示 “礼物”： · I bought a nice present for my mom’s birthday.我为妈妈的生日买了一份精美的礼物。 · This handmade card is the best present I’ve ever received.这张手工贺卡是我收到过最好的礼物。 (2)作形容词 ①表示 “现在的”： · My present job is a part-time tutor.我现在的工作是兼职家教。 · The present situation requires us to work harder.当前的形势要求我们更加努力。 ②表示 “在场的”： · All present students agreed with the plan.所有在场的学生都同意这个计划。 (3)作动词：v. 颁发；赠送；呈现 · He presented a report to the class.他向全班同学展示了一份报告。 · Our teacher presented each winner with a medal.老师给每位获胜者颁发了一枚奖牌。 20. wonder 【教材原文】I wonder what it means.（Unit7） 【主要用法】v. 想知道；n. 奇迹 【派生词】wonderful adj. 极好的 【例句】 · I wonder where he comes from. 我想知道他来自哪里。 · The Great Wall is a wonder of the world.长城是世界奇迹。 21. prepare 【教材原文】What will you need to prepare for the trip?（Unit8） 【主要用法】v. 准备 【派生词】preparation n. 准备 【短语】prepare for… 为……做准备 make preparations for 为……做准备 【例句】 · We are preparing for the coming exam. 我们正在为即将到来的考试做准备。 22. satisfy 【教材原文】They will satisfy everyone.（Unit8） 【主要用法】v. 使满意；满足 【派生词】satisfied adj. 感到满意的；satisfying adj.令人满意的 【短语】be satisfied with… 对……满意 【例句】 · The result satisfied all of us. 这个结果让我们所有人都满意。 23. mix 【教材原句】The hydrogen in the car is mixed with oxygen from the air to make electricity for the car.汽车中的氢气和空气中的氧气混合，从而为汽车发电。（Unit8） 【常见用法】mix 作动词，意为 “(使) 混合”。 · If you mix coffee with milk, you'll get a tasty drink.如果你把咖啡和牛奶混合在一起，你会得到一杯美味的饮品。 【联想拓展】 (1) mix … with … 使…… 与…… 相混合 · She mixed the fruit with yogurt to make a salad.她把水果和酸奶混合在一起做沙拉。 (2) mix … into … 把…… 混 (掺) 入…… · Please mix some chocolate chips into the cookie dough.请把一些巧克力碎掺入曲奇面团里。 (3) mix … up with 弄混 · It's easy to mix up the two books; they have almost the same cover.很容易把这两本书弄混，它们的封面几乎一模一样。 24.relax 【教材原文】Then you sit back and relax as the car takes you there.（Unit8） 【主要用法】v. 放松；休息 【派生词】relaxed adj. 放松的（修饰人） relaxing adj. 令人放松的（修饰事物） 【例句】 · Listening to music helps me relax. 听音乐帮助我放松。 一、 单词拼写 1．It was a really p________ and memorable experience. 【答案】(p)leasant 【详解】句意：那真是一次愉快而难忘的经历。结合首字母及“and memorable experience”可知，此处指“……且难忘的”经历，and连接两个相同感情色彩的词，空处应用表示褒义的形容词pleasant“愉快的”作定语，与形容词memorable共同修饰experience。故填(p)leasant。 2．Nowadays, some people like to explore and d________ something new. 【答案】(d)iscover 【详解】句意：如今，有些人喜欢探索和发现新事物。根据“some people like to explore...something new.”和首字母可知，此处是指探索发现新事物，discover“发现”，动词，形式和and前的explore保持一致。故填(d)iscover。 3．It’s important to take ________ (责任) for our own actions. 【答案】responsibility 【详解】句意：对我们自身的行为负责是十分重要的。表示“责任”的英文名词是responsibility，take responsibility for sth.为固定搭配，意为“对……负责”，responsibility此处表抽象含义，是不可数名词，直接用原形即可。故填responsibility。 4．This is my only ________ (choose). 【答案】choice 【详解】句意：这是我唯一的选择。choose“选择”，是动词。根据“my only”可知，此处应用其名词形式choice，表示“我唯一的选择”，且此处用单数形式。故填choice。 5．I saw him l________ on the grass to look up at the sky and count the stars. 【答案】(l)ying 【详解】句意：我看见他躺在草地上仰望着天空数星星。根据“I saw him...on the grass to look up at the sky and count the stars.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指看到他正躺在草地上，lie“躺”，see sb doing sth“看见某人正在做某事”，lie的现在分词形式为lying。故填(l)ying。 6．It was so n________ here that I could hardly hear what the teacher said. 【答案】(n)oisy 【详解】句意：这里如此吵闹以至于我几乎不能听到老师说了什么。根据空前的系动词“was”可知，设空处需填入一个形容词作表语。根据“...that I could hardly hear what the teacher said.”可知，太吵闹才听不清老师说的话。noisy“吵闹的”，为形容词，符合题意。故填(n)oisy。 7．As a doctor, Frank has r________ to look after his patients. 【答案】(r)esponsibility 【详解】句意：作为一个医生，弗兰克有责任照顾他的病人。根据语境和句意可知，此处应是名词“责任”，对应短语“有责任做某事”have responsibility to do。故填(r)esponsibility。 8．Smoking on the plane may c________ fire, so it’s not allowed. 【答案】(c)ause 【详解】句意：在飞机上吸烟可能引起火灾，所以是不允许的。根据“Smoking on the plane may c...fire, so it’s not allowed.”可知，空处指“引起”，要用动词cause，may是情态动词，后跟动词原形。故填(c)ause。 9．Nowadays, computers are very c________. Almost every family owns one. 【答案】(c)ommon 【详解】句意：现在，电脑是非常平常的。几乎每一个家庭都拥有一台。根据语境可知，此处应用形容词；再根据“Almost every family owns one.”可知，电脑非常常见、平常。故填(c)ommon。 10．—How did your teacher r________ to your being late? —I think he must be very angry. 【答案】(r)espond 【详解】句意：——你老师对于你迟到什么反应？——我认为他肯定很生气。根据语境可知，此处应用动词，且为原形。再根据“your being late”可知，对于学生迟到，老师是如何反应。故填(r)espond。 11．We should protect e________ animals. 【答案】(e)ndangered 【详解】句意：我们应该保护濒危动物。根据“We should protect e...animals.”可知，应该保护濒危动物，endangered“濒危的”，在句中作定语，故填(e)ndangered。 12．Susan put on w________ because she ate more and exercised less. 【答案】(w)eight 【详解】句意：苏珊体重增加是因为她吃得多，运动少。根据首字母及“because she ate more and exercised less.”可知，此处表示体重增加，put on weight“增加体重”，固定短语，故填(w)eight。 13．The motive for the killing is u__________. 【答案】(u)nknown 【详解】句意：杀人动机尚不清楚。根据“The motive for the killing is ...”及首字母可知，此处指杀人的动机是未知的；unknown“未知的”，形容词作表语。故填(u)nknown。 14．They often m________ French with English because they are similar. 【答案】(m)ix 【详解】句意：他们经常把法语和英语混用，因为这两种语言很相似。根据首字母提示及“They often...French with English because they are similar.”可知，此处考查固定搭配：mix with...“与……混合”。结合后半句“because they are similar.”可知，时态为一般现在时，they作主语，谓语动词用原形。故填(m)ix。 15．It’s important for schools to ________ (满足) the needs of all the students’ development. 【答案】satisfy 【详解】句意：学校满足所有学生的发展需求是很重要的。根据“It’s important for schools to…the needs of all the students’ development”以及汉语提示可知，此处需填入动词satisfy“满足”，且“it’s important for sb. to do sth.”，to后接动词原形。故填satisfy。 16．They can also ______ (放松) when they lose themselves in this outdoor activity. 【答案】relax 【详解】句意：当他们沉浸于这项户外活动时，他们也能放松。空处位于情态动词“can”后，填动词原形。“放松”用relax，动词。故填relax。 17.As you can see, China has the biggest ________ (人口) in the world. 【答案】population 【详解】句意：如你所见，中国拥有世界上最多的人口。population“人口”，名词作宾语。故填population。 18. When she saw the snake suddenly, she felt very f________. 【答案】(f)rightened 【详解】句意：当她突然看到蛇时，她感到非常害怕。根据 “saw the snake suddenly” 和首字母可知，此处指感到害怕，frightened “害怕的”，形容词，在系动词 felt 后作表语。故填 (f)rightened。 19.The panda had its first baby last month. It’s a big event for the b________ of the young panda. 【答案】(b)irth 【详解】句意：这只熊猫上个月生下了它的第一个宝宝。这对这只幼熊猫的出生来说是一件大事。根据 “had its first baby” 和首字母可知，此处指 “出生”，birth “出生”，名词，the birth of… 表示 “…… 的出生”。故填 (b)irth。 20. It's hard to b________ that such a small boy can run so fast. 【答案】believe 【详解】句意：很难相信这么小的一个男孩能跑得这么快。根据句意和首字母可知，此处指 “相信”，believe “相信”，动词。It's + 形容词 + to do sth. 为固定句型，to 后接动词原形。故填 believe。 考点2 易混词辨析 1. danger / dangerous / endangered 单词 中文意思 用法 例句 danger n. 危险 名词；in danger 处于危险中 Many animals are in danger. 许多动物处于危险中。 dangerous adj. 危险的 事物本身有危险性 It is dangerous to swim alone. 独自游泳很危险。 endangered adj. 濒危的 修饰动植物物种 Pandas are endangered animals. 熊猫是濒危动物。 2. lonely / alone 单词 中文意思 用法 例句 lonely adj. 孤独的；偏僻的 主观情感，修饰人/地点 He feels lonely without friends. 没有朋友他感到孤独。 alone adj./adv. 独自；单独 客观状态，不作定语 She lives alone but happy. 她独自居住但很快乐。 3. discover / invent / find 单词 中文意思 用法 例句 discover v. 发现 发现原本存在的事物 Columbus discovered America. 哥伦布发现了美洲。 invent v. 发明 创造原本没有的东西 Bell invented the telephone. 贝尔发明了电话。 find v. 找到 强调寻找后的结果 I found my key under the bed. 我在床底下找到了钥匙。 4. receive / accept 单词 中文意思 用法 例句 receive v. 收到 客观收到，不表态度 I received a letter yesterday. 我昨天收到一封信。 accept v. 接受 主观愿意收下 I received the gift but didn’t accept it. 我收到礼物但没有接受。 5. frightened / frightening 单词 中文意思 用法 例句 frightened adj. 感到害怕的 通常修饰人 The girl was frightened. 这个女孩感到害怕。 frightening adj. 令人害怕的 通常修饰事物 It was a frightening noise. 那是个吓人的声音。 6. pleased / pleasant 单词 中文意思 用法 例句 pleased adj. 高兴的；满意的 修饰人的感受 My parents are pleased with me. 我父母对我很满意。 pleasant adj. 令人愉快的；讨人喜欢的 修饰天气、旅行、食物等； 修饰人时：指性格、态度、举止让人觉得舒服、友好、和蔼 We had a pleasant trip. 我们有一次愉快的旅行。 She is a pleasant girl.她时一个讨人喜欢的女孩。 please v.使...高兴 及物动词 You can’t please everyone.你不可能让所有人都满意。 7. agree 短语 词组 意义 用法 例句 agree with 同意；赞成 后面接某人或某人的决定等 I don’t agree with him. 我不赞成他（的想法）。 agree to 同意；答应；应允 常表示做别人想做或建议做的事 We agreed to their arrangement. 我们同意了他们的安排。 agree on 取得一致意见 主要指双方通过协商而意见一致 We agreed on the price for the car. 我们就车价达成了一致意见。 agree to do 同意做 后面接动词原形，表示“同意做某事” She agreed to help me study for the test. 她同意帮我备考。 1．Yesterday Mary ________ a surprising present, but she didn’t ________ it. A．accepted; received B．received; accept C．received; accepted D．accepted; receive 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天玛丽收到了一个惊喜礼物，但她没有接受它。 考查动词辨析。accept接受；receive收到。第一空指收到礼物，结合“yesterday”可知，时态是一般过去时，故用过去式received；第二空指她没有接受礼物，助动词didn’t后用动词原形accept。故选B。 2．The little girl was too ________ to say a word when she saw the ________ animal. A．frightened; frightening B．frightened; frightened C．frightening; frightened D．frightening; frightening 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当小女孩看到那只可怕的动物时，她吓得一句话也说不出来。 考查形容词辨析。frightened害怕的/受惊的，修饰人；frightening可怕的/使惊恐的，修饰物。前空形容主语The little girl，所以用frightened表示“害怕的”；后空修饰animal，所以用frightening作定语，表示“让人恐惧的动物”。故选A。 3．—Now, computers ______ people, especially the young. —Yes, I agree ______ you. A．is popular with: with B．are popular with ; with C．are popular to; on D．is popular for; to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——现在电脑很受人们欢迎，特别是年轻人。——是的，我同意你的看法。根据agree with sb同意某人，排除C/D；根据be popular with sb受某人欢迎；computers复数；故选B 4. She lives ________ in the house, but she doesn’t feel ________ at all. A．lonely; alone B．alone; lonely C．lonely; lonely D．alone; alone 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她独自一人住在房子里，但一点也不感到孤独。 考查形容词和副词辨析。lonely寂寞的、孤独的，形容词；alone独自的、独立的、单独地，既可以作副词，也可以作形容词。根据“She lives...”可知，第一空修饰动词“lives”，填副词，故填“alone”；根据“she doesn’t feel ... at all.”可知，此处作表语，填形容词，表达“孤独的”，故填“lonely”。故选B。 5.As we grow older, we’ll ______ we have two hands: one for helping ourselves; the other for helping others. A．warn B．cause C．discover D．invent 【答案】C 【详解】句意：随着我们长大，我们会发现自己有两只手：一只用来帮助自己，另一只用来帮助他人。 考查动词辨析。warn警告；cause引起；discover发现；invent 发明。根据“As we grow older”可知，“发现”符合语境，强调成长后对自身能力的认知。故选C。 6. We finally finished the difficult project not only ________ we tried our best, but also ________ our teamwork. A．because; because B．because; because of C．because of; because D．because of; because of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们最终完成了这个困难的项目，不仅因为我们尽了最大的努力，而且因为我们的团队合作。 考查连词和介词短语。because因为，接句子；because of因为，接名词、代词或名词短语。根据“we tried our best,”可知，第一空后是句子，填because；根据“our teamwork”可知，第二空后为名词短语，填because of。故选B。 考点3 重点句型 1. have no choice but to do sth. 【教材原句】They have no choice but to keep their dogs in small spaces.（Unit6） 【句式结构】在此句型中but：意为 “除了…… 之外”，后面加不定式to do。 【例句】I have no choice but to leave. 我除了离开别无选择。 2. keep sb. from doing sth. 【教材原句】This stops people from getting any sleep.（Unit6） 【句式结构】keep sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。from 是介词，后面加名词或动名词。同义表达：stop / prevent sb. from doing sth. 【例句】We must keep children from playing with fire. 我们必须阻止孩子玩火。 3. because of + 名词/短语 【教材原句】The spaceship was damaged because of a crash.（Unit7） 【句式结构】because of后接名词、代词或动名词。 【例句】He was late because of heavy rain. 因为大雨他迟到了。 4. What will … be like? 【教材原句】What will life be like in the future?（Unit8） 【句式结构】What will … be like?意为“……将会是什么样子？” 【例句】What will the school be like in 2050? 2050年的学校会是什么样？ 1．We should stop people from ________ (hunt) wild animals. 【答案】hunting 【详解】句意：我们应该阻止人们捕杀野生动物。hunt“打猎”，设空处前是介词，接动名词形式，stop sb. doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，固定搭配。故填hunting。 2. 我们应该阻止人类砍伐树木，破坏它们的栖息地。 We should ________ humans ________ ________ down trees and destroying their habitats. 【答案】 stop from cutting 【详解】据句意可知，此处表示“阻止某人做某事”，用短语“stop sb from doing sth”。其中，“should”是情态动词，后接动词原形，所以第一个空填“stop”；“from”是介词，与“stop”搭配使用，表示“阻止”；“cutting”是动词“cut”的现在分词形式，与“from”搭配，所以后两个空分别填“from”和“cutting”。故填stop；from；cutting。 3. 雨下得很大，我们别无选择，只能推迟运动会。 It is raining cats and dogs. We ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ put off the sports meeting. 【答案】 have no choice but to 【详解】对照中英文可知，空处表达“别无选择，只能做某事”，用动词短语have no choice but to do sth，主语是we，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用原形。故填have；no；choice；but；to。 4. 未来的家乡将会是什么样子？ ________ ________ our hometown ________ ________ in the future? 【答案】What will; be like 【详解】对照中英文可知，空处考查固定句型 What will ... be like?，意为 “…… 将会是什么样子？”，将来时用 will + 动词原形。故填 What will; be like。 考点4 重点语法 一、 it is+adj+（for、of sb.）+to do sth. adj./adv. +enough+ to do 句型 含义 例句 it's+adj.(+for+sb.)+动词不定式或it is+adj.+that从句。 表示“做某事(对某人来说)怎么样”。常用形容词有kind (友善的)、nice (友好的)、polite (有礼貌的)、clever (聪明的)、careless (粗心的)等。 It is not easy for Jim to learn Chinese. 学汉语对吉姆来说不容易。 it's+adj.+of+sb.+动词不定式 表示“某人做某事怎么样”。 It's kind of you to help me. 你帮助我太好了。 主语+be+形容词+动词不定式 表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad (高兴的)、pleased (高兴的)、sorry (遗憾的；难过的)、sad (忧伤的)等后常接动词不定式。 I'm sorry to hear that. 听到那件事我很难过。 adj./adv. +enough+ to do enough+n.+to do enough 意为 “足够地”，作副词，修饰形容词或副词，放在所修饰词之后；enough 还可意为 “足够的”，作限定词，修饰名词，常放在所修饰名词之前。 He is strong enough to lift the chair. 他足够强壮，能举起这把椅子。 He has enough money to buy a car. 他有足够的钱买一辆汽车。 2、 副词的基本用法 一、副词的概念 副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、介词短语乃至全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。 二、副词的句法功能 成分 功能 例句 作状语 (1)修饰动词、形容词和其他副词 (2)修饰整个句子 They are warmly welcomed by the students.(修饰动词) 他们受到学生们的热烈欢迎。 He felt very surprised.(修饰形容词) 他感到非常地惊讶。 He is almost always late. 他几乎总是迟到。(修饰副词) Luckily,I didn't hurt myself when I fell.(修饰整个句子) 幸运的是，我跌倒时没伤着。 作定语 少数地点副词和时间副词可以作定语，放在所修饰词的后面。 The people here are all very kind to me. 这儿的人都对我非常和善。 作表语 作表语的副词多数是表示方位、动作或状态的，如in、out、on、back、down、up、off、away、upstairs等。 I’m sorry,Dr Huang is out at the moment. 对不起，黄医生现在出去了。 作宾语补足语 作补足语主要说明宾语和主语所处的位置，状态等。 An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一苹果，医生远离我。 三、副词的位置 副词 副词的位置 例句 时间副词 可放于句首或句末，有时还可以放在动词前。 I'll be back soon. 我很快就回来。 地点副词 一般置于句末，往往紧跟在动词(+宾语)后，偶尔也可放于句首，尤其是here和 there。 They played games outdoors. 他们在户外玩游戏。 方式副词 主要放在动词(+宾语)后面；在表示特别强调时， 偶尔也可放在实义动词前面，第一个助动词后面。 I usually drive very carefully . 我通常开车十分小心。 程度副词 修饰形容词和副词时，应放在形容词和副词前面；修饰动词时，常常放在第一个助动词后，实义动词之前。 He studies English very hard. 他很努力地学习英语。 频度副词 常放在系动词be、情态动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前。 When he is free, he often helps at Helping Hands club. 当他有空的时候，他经常在帮助手俱乐部帮忙。 疑问副词、连接副词及关系副词 通常放在句子或从句的 最前面。 Can you tell me how you did it? 你能告诉我你如何做的吗? 四、副词的分类 (1) 时间副词:ago, before, already, now, just, soon, then, yet, always, usually, often, sometimes, never, ever等。 (2)地点副词:here, there, in, out, back, home等。 (3)程度副词:very, much, only, quite, too, so, nearly, enough, hard, still等。 (4)疑问副词:when, where, how, why等。 (5)方式副词:quickly, slowly, carefully, loudly, strongly, badly, happily等。 五、形容词变副词的变化规则 情况 构成 示例 一般情况 在形容的词尾加-ly quick→quickly 双音节、多音节，以y结尾 将y改为i再加-ly happy→happily heavy→heavily 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y为i，再加-ly angry→angrily生气地 happy→happily高兴地 以“辅音字母+e”结尾 直接加-ly wide→widely广泛地 polite有礼貌的→politely礼貌地 以“元音字母+e”结尾 去e加-ly true真正的→truly确实；真正 以“辅音字母+le”结尾 去e加y simple简单的→simply简单地 terrible糟糕的→terribly非常糟的 possible可能的→possibly可能地 以ll 结尾 直接加-y full满的；充满的→fully完全地；充分地 注意：有两种形式的副词的词义比较 形容词 副词(与形容词同形) 副词(形容词+-ly) hard努力地 hard努力地；猛烈地 hardly几乎不，常表示否定 high高的 high在高处 highly表示程度，很；非常 near近的 near表示距离近，在附近 nearly几乎 deep深的 deep指具体的深度，在深处 deeply抽象意义，常指感情的深度，深刻地；非常 late迟到的；晚的 late迟；晚 lately最近；不久前 wide宽阔的 wide充分地 widely广泛地 提示： 有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如：motherly 慈母般的、lovely令人愉快的、lively 活泼的、friendly 友好的、lonely 孤独的。 例句：Susan is a friendly girl.苏珊是一个很友好的女孩。 例句：He looks very manly in his uniform.他穿着制服十分精神。 六、副词的比较等级 1. 副词比较级和最高级的变化规则 规则变化： （1）单音节词直接在其后面加 -er/-est。 例如：fast—faster—fastest。 （2）以字母 e 结尾的单音节词在其后面直接加 -r/-st。 例如：late—later—latest。 （3）以辅音字母加 -y 结尾的双音节词，先把 y 改为 i，再加 -er/-est。 例如：happily—more happily—most happily。 （4）部分双音节词和大部分多音节的词在其前面加 more/most。 例如：quickly—more quickly—most quickly；seriously—more seriously—most seriously。 （5）重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加 -er/-est。 如：thin—thinner—thinnest。 不规则变化： well—better—best much—more—most little—less—least far—farther/further—farthest/furthest badly—worse—worst 2. 副词的比较级的一些用法 （1）比较级前面可以用 much, far, a little, a bit, a lot 等词或短语修饰，表示程度。 She runs much faster than me.她跑得比我快多了。 （2）两个副词的比较级可以叠加表示 “越来越……”。其结构可以是 “比较级 + and + 比较级”，多音节词可以用 “more and more + 原级” 结构。 The wind blew more and more strongly.风刮得越来越大了。 （3）如果表示 “越……，就越……” 可以用 “the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 结构。 The more you read, the more you know.你读得越多，懂得就越多。 3、 过去进行时 （1）具体运用 1.过去进行时表示过去某一个时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作.通常与表示过去的时间状语连用.then, at this/that time, yesterday, at nine, last night等 At 8:00 o'clock yesterday evening I was having dinner with some friends. 昨天晚上八点,我在和几位朋友一起吃饭. The doorbell rang while my mother was cooking the dinner.在妈妈做饭时,门铃响了. Mary fell asleep while she was watching TV.玛丽看着电视睡着了. My son was learning English in Australia last autumn.去年秋天我儿子在澳大利亚学习英语. I was reading an interesting book last month.上个月我在看一本有趣的书. 2.表示移动的动词.如:come, start, stay, leave, fly等词的过去进行时,可以表示过去将要发生的动作 He was leaving the following day.他第二天将要离开. She asked when I was starting.她问我何时动身. 3.过去进行时动词常与always, forever, continually, constantly, frequently等副词连用,代替一般过去时,强调过去经常性或习惯性动作,表现出说话人的赞美、厌烦等情绪 He was forever complaining about something.他老是怨这怨那. He was constantly asking questions.他老是没完没了地提问题. 4.在含有时间状语从句的复合句中,延续时间较长的动作用过去进行时,另一个动作用一般过去时.若表示两个延续动作在过去某一时刻同时发生,则主句和从句的谓语动词都用过去进行时 What was Jim doing when the teacher came in?老师进来的时候吉姆在做什么? He read a piece of newspaper while he was waiting for the bus.他一边等车,一边看报. The students were reading while the teacher was grading their homework. 学生们在看书,而老师在批改他们的家庭作业. 注意： (1)静态动词如be, have, seem, depend on(依靠)等一般不能用于进行时态. (2)表示知觉、认识或情感的动词如see, hear, believe, know, like, love, want, wish等一般也没有进行时态. （2）过去进行时时间标志词 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+was/were+动词-ing形式+其他. Alice was sitting with her classmates by the river. 爱丽丝正和她的同学坐在河边。 否定句 主语+was/were+not+动词-ing形式+其他. Alice was not/wasn’t sitting with her classmates by the river. 爱丽丝没有和她的同学们坐在河边。 一般疑问句 —Was/Were+主语+动词-ing形式+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答:No,主语+was/were not. —Was Alice sitting with her classmates by the river? 爱丽丝正和她的同学们坐在河边吗？ —Yes,I was./No,I wasn't.是的，她和同学坐在河边。 /不，她没有和同学坐在河边。 （3）过去进行时时间标志词 时间标志词 then (指过去)当时,那时 at that time 当时 this time yesterday 昨天这个时候 at ten yesterday 昨天十点 last night 昨晚 （4）when和while用法辨析 when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,且从而多用一般过去时;而while 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的,且从句多用过去进行时。 When she came in, her mother was cooking.她进来时，她的妈妈正在做饭。 While I was reading, she sang.我看书的时候,她唱歌。 4、 原因状语从句 在句中表示原因、理由的从句叫原因状语从句。 1 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, since, as。 2 表示语气的强弱顺序是：because﹥since﹥as。 3 这些连词都不能和so连用。 4 当原因状语从句放于句首时，通常要用逗号与主句隔开。 ①引导词because 1.because强调明确直接的因果关系，回答“why”问题 She didn’t come to school because she was ill. 她没来上学是因为病了。 — Why was he angry? 他为什么生气？ — Because I was late. 因为我迟到了。 2. because从句可与for互换，但for是并列连词，连接的是并列句，并且在for前必须有逗号隔开。如： We must start early because it will take us 3 hours to drive there. 我们要早点出发，因为开车去那儿要3个小时。 = We must start early, for it will take us 3 hours to drive there. ②．引导词since 1. since表示明摆着的理由或原因，常译为“既然” Since you have finished your homework, you can take a rest. 既然你已完成了作业，那就休息一下吧。 2. since还可引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来” We’ve known each other since we were children. 我们从孩提时代起就相识了。 ③．引导词as 1 as语气最弱，表示附带说明的原因 2 as还可引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”、“随着……”。如： He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起来时，把杯子摔了。 We get wiser as we get old. 随着年龄的增长，我们也变得聪明些了。 ④because与 because of的区别 because和because of的意思都是“因为；由于”。 但because 是连词，其后接句子。because of 是复合介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词、what 从句等。 She doesn’t go to school because she is ill. = She doesn’t go to school because of her illness. 她没来上学因为她生病了。 一、单项选择 1．During the Mid-Autumn Festival, children make lanterns as ________ as their grandparents do to celebrate this traditional Chinese holiday. A．careful B．more careful C．most carefully D．carefully 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在中秋节期间，孩子们像他们的祖父母一样小心翼翼地制作灯笼来庆祝这个传统的中国节日。 考查副词的原级比较。careful小心的，形容词；more careful更小心的；most carefully最小心地；carefully小心地，副词。根据“children make lanterns as…as their grandparents”可知，表示“像……一样”，考查“as+形容词原级/副词原级+as”的结构，且修饰动词“make”应该使用副词carefully。故选D。 2.The judges all agreed that Ann spoke         of all the students in the debate. A．confidently B．more confidently C．very confidently D．most confidently 【答案】D 【详解】句意：所有评委都同意 Ann 在辩论中说得最自信。考查副词最高级。根据空前的 “of all the students” 可知，这里表示在所有学生中程度最高，需用副词 “confidently” 的最高级形式 “most confidently”。故选 D。 3．—How was the weather yesterday? —It was terrible. It rained ________. People could ______ go out. A．hardly; hardly B．hardly; hard C．hard; hard D．hard; hardly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——昨天的天气怎么样？——太糟了，雨下的很大，人们几乎不出去。 考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；hard非常、很。根据“It rained...”可知，第一空修饰动词“rained”，填副词“hard”；根据“It was terrible.”可推断，人们应该是“几乎不”出去，填“hardly”。故选D。 4．I’m sorry I didn’t answer your call just now. Because I ________ knowledge from the astronauts in Tiangong Classroom. A．learned B．am learning C．has learned D．was learning 【答案】D 【详解】句意：抱歉我刚才没接你的电话，因为我正在天宫课堂上从宇航员那里学习知识。 考查动词时态。根据“I’m sorry I didn’t answer your call just now”可知，未接电话是过去某个具体时间点发生的事，而“学习知识”是当时正在进行的动作，因此需用过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在做某事。故选D。 5．Our English teacher is patient enough ________ much time ________ grammar rules to us. A．spend; explaining B．spending; to explain C．to spend; explaining D．to spend; explain 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师足够耐心，愿意花很多时间给我们讲解语法规则。 考查非谓语动词。be patient enough to do sth.表示“足够耐心做某事”，后跟不定式。spend time doing sth.表示“花时间做某事”，后跟动名词。因此第一个空应填to spend，第二个空应填explaining。故选C。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．It’s important for us ________ (save) endangered animals. 【答案】to save 【详解】句意：对我们来说，拯救濒危动物是很重要的。save“拯救”，根据“It’s important for us…endangered animals.”可知，这是固定句型“It’s+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”，意思是“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，因此这里需要填入动词不定式to save。故填to save。 2．The chemicals should be added to the cup s________ so that they will not mix together. 【答案】(s)eparately　 【详解】句意：这些化学药品应该分别加入杯子中，这样它们就不会混合在一起。根据“The chemicals should be added to the cup s...so that they will not mix together.”可知，应该分别加入，separately“分别地、单独地”符合语境，在句中修饰动词。故填(s)eparately。 3．Hawaii is a ________ (true) beautiful place. Many people go there on vacation every year. 【答案】truly 【详解】句意：夏威夷是一个真正美丽的地方。每年有许多人去那里度假。true意为“真实的”，形容词。根据句意可知，此处需要修饰形容词beautiful，应用true的副词形式truly，意为“真正地”。故填truly。 4. My little brother is too young to go to school a________, so my father drives him to school every day. 【答案】(a)lone 【详解】句意：我的弟弟太小了还不能独自去上学，所以我的父亲每天开车送他去学校。根据“too young to go to school”可知，此处表示“不能独自去上学”，alone“独自”，副词作状语。故填(a)lone。 5. Lucy dances ________ (good) of all. 【答案】best 【详解】句意：露西在所有人中跳舞跳得最好。根据 of all 可知，此处应用副词最高级。well 的最高级是不规则变化 best。故填 best。 6．My sister ________ (draw) a picture when I came in. 【答案】was drawing 【详解】句意：当我进来的时候，我妹妹正在画画。根据 “when I came in” 可知，此处强调过去某个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，应用过去进行时，其结构为 “was/were + 现在分词”。主语 My sister 是第三人称单数，所以 be 动词用 was，draw 的现在分词是 drawing。故填 was drawing。 7．He ________ (read) a book while his brother ________ (watch) TV. 【答案】was reading; was watching 【详解】句意：他在看书，而他弟弟在看电视。while 引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作同时在过去进行，应用过去进行时，其结构为 “was/were + 现在分词”。主语都是第三人称单数，所以 be 动词都用 was，read 的现在分词是 reading，watch 的现在分词是 watching。故填 was reading; was watching。 8．The boy is strong enough ________ (carry) the heavy box by himself. 【答案】to carry 【详解】句意：这个男孩足够强壮，能自己搬动这个重箱子。根据 “is strong enough...” 可知，此处考查固定句型 主语 + be + 形容词 + enough + to do sth.，意为 “足够…… 去做某事”，因此这里需要填入动词不定式 to carry。故填 to carry。 二、完成句子 1. 人们用陷阱捕捉野生动物是残忍的。 ________ ________ ________ ________ people to catch wild animals with traps. 【答案】 It is cruel of 【详解】据句意可知，此处要表达“人们用陷阱捕捉野生动物是残忍的”，在英语中，常用“It is + 形容词 + of sb. + to do sth.”的结构来表达“某人做某事是……的”，其中“It”作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语“to catch wild animals with traps”；“is”是系动词；“cruel”是形容词，意为“残忍的”；“of”用于引出描述人的性格、品质等的形容词，在这里表示“人们用陷阱捕捉野生动物”这件事体现了“残忍”这种品质。故填It；is；cruel；of。 2. 一天晚上，当我们正在记录数据时，一只小海龟正缓慢地向大海移动。 While we were recording data one night, a baby turtle ________ ________ ________ towards the sea. 【答案】 was moving slowly 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少“缓慢地移动”，其英文表达是move slowly；根据“While we were recording data one night”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时，其结构是：was/were+动词现在分词，主语a baby turtle表示单数，所以应用be动词was，动词move的现在分词是moving。故填was；moving；slowly。 3.因为大雨，我们昨天没有去野餐。 We didn't go for a picnic yesterday ________ ________ the heavy rain. 【答案】because of 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少 “因为”，空后是名词短语 the heavy rain，所以应用 because of，后接名词、代词或动名词。故填 because of。 4. 她和她姐姐学习一样努力。 She studies ________ ________ ________ her sister. 【答案】as hard as 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少 “和…… 一样努力”。此处修饰动词 studies，应用副词原级句型 as + 副词原级 + as，表示 “和…… 一样……”。hard 是副词原级，故填 as hard as。 5.你练习得越多，英语说得就越好。 ________ ________ you practice, ________ ________ you speak English. 【答案】The more; the better 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子考查固定结构 “The + 比较级，the + 比较级”，表示 “越……，就越……”。much 的比较级是 more，well 的比较级是 better。故填 The more; the better。 一、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．Take your time and ________ (weight) the two choices. Don’t make a decision in a hurry. 【答案】weigh 【详解】句意：慢慢来，斟酌一下这两个选择。不要匆忙做决定。根据“Take your time and...the two choices.”可知，本句为祈使句，and连接两个动词，空格处需用动词原形，weight的动词原形是weigh。故填weigh。 2．He is the president of a large international ________ (organize). 【答案】organization 【详解】句意：他是一个大型国际组织的主席。根据“the president of a large international”可知是一个国际组织的主席，organization“组织”，a后加可数名词单数。故填organization。 3．He looked pale although the doctor said he was out of ________. (dangerous) 【答案】danger 【详解】句意：他看起来脸色苍白，尽管医生说他已脱离危险。根据“He looked pale although the doctor said he was out of ...”可知，医生宣布他已脱离某种不利状态，结合括号中的提示“dangerous”，此处应填入名词“danger”，表示“危险”，out of danger“脱离危险”。故填danger。 4．The bus station is in the ________ (center) part of the city. 【答案】central 【详解】句意：公共汽车站在城市的中心。此空修饰名词part，应填形容词central“中心的”作定语，故填central。 5.It's important for children ________ (sleep) eight hours a day. 【答案】to sleep 【详解】句意：对孩子们来说每天睡八个小时很重要。sleep “睡觉”，根据 “It's important for children…eight hours a day.” 可知，这是固定句型 “It's + 形容词 + for sb.+to do sth.”，意思是 “对某人来说做某事是…… 的”，其中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，因此这里需要填入动词不定式 to sleep。故填 to sleep。 6．There are many ________ (know) things in space. 【答案】unknown 【详解】句意：太空中有很多未知的事物。根据“There are many...things in space.”可知，这里需要填入一个形容词，修饰后面的名词 “things”（事物）； “know” 是动词，意思是“知道”。但此处需要的是形容词，用来描述“things”的性质 —— 是“已知的”还是“未知的”？结合“in space”（在太空）这个语境，更自然的是强调“未知”，所以“unknown”更贴切。故填unknown。 7．I was reading ________ in the study while my parents were sleeping. (quiet) 【答案】quietly 【详解】句意：当我的父母在睡觉时，我在书房里安静地读书。根据“I was reading ...”可知，此处需要副词修饰动词reading；quiet的副词quietly“安静地”。故填quietly。 8．—Excuse me, would you mind ________ (refuse) the invitation for me? —No, not at all. 【答案】refusing 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你介意帮我拒绝这个邀请吗？ ——不，一点也不介意。mind doing sth.“介意做某事”，固定搭配，所以这里应用refuse“拒绝”的动名词形式refusing。故填refusing。 9．Our teacher is very ________ with the progress we are making. (please) 【答案】pleased 【详解】句意：我们的老师对我们正在取得的进步感到非常满意。 be pleased with…“对……感到满意”，是固定搭配。故填pleased。 11．Her schoolwork has been much better ________ (recent). 【答案】recently 【详解】句意：她的学业最近好多了。所给单词recent是形容词，意为“最近的”，此处需要一个副词来修饰整个句子，recent的副词形式是recently。故填recently。 12．When I called Lucy last night, she ________ (watch) a movie with her family. 【答案】was watching 【详解】句意：昨晚我给露西打电话时，她正在和家人一起看电影。根据“When I called Lucy last night”以及英语提示可知，此处强调过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were + 现在分词”。主语she是第三人称单数，所以be动词用was，watch的现在分词是watching。故填was watching。 13．—I called you yesterday morning, but you didn’t answer. —Sorry about that. I guess I ________ (prepare) for the family dinner. 【答案】was preparing 【详解】句意：——我昨天早上给你打电话，但你没有接。——对不起。我想我是在准备家庭晚餐。根据“I called you yesterday morning”可知，昨天早上正在为家庭晚餐做准备，需要用过去进行时，主语是I，be动词用was。故填was preparing。 14. He can speak English ________ (well) than me. 【答案】better 【详解】句意：他英语说得比我好。根据句中的than可知，此处应用副词比较级。well 是副词，意为 “好”，其比较级为不规则变化better。故填 better。 15. She writes ________ (careful) in our class. 【答案】most carefully 【详解】句意：她在我们班里写得最认真。根据 in our class 可知，此处应用副词最高级。carefully 是多音节副词，最高级为 most carefully。故填 most carefully. 二、语法选择 In the year 2099, every child on Earth had his or her own spacecraft. Of course, they were small and couldn’t travel out of the solar system. This was fine for everyone except Stanley. He was curious and looking forward to 1 around the whole universe, so he worked on his spacecraft 2 it could go anywhere! His friends, George and Amanda, were not 3 about Stanley’s super spacecraft. “Who wants 4 the universe?” George asked. “Our solar system is 5 .” “That’s true,” agreed Amanda. “Yesterday I went shopping on Mars and then flew around some asteroids for fun. I even chased a comet.” “Just get into my spacecraft,” said Stanley. “Today I will take you on 6 amazing journey.” When they got into the spacecraft, Stanley 7 everything. Soon the three friends were going to fly past the moon. “Now, watch this,” said Stanley. A red button 8 and the spacecraft went fast. Whoosh! George and Amanda grabbed their seats 9 and looked out the window. The sun was just a speck of light round it were 10 stars in the shape of a disk. “That’s our Milky Way galaxy,” said Stanley pressed a blue button. Whooooosh! The spacecraft flew much 11 into space. Suddenly, they saw many tiny galaxies all around them. “Welcome to the universe,” said Stanley. Amanda gasped. “I will remember this day forever. Thank you, Stanley. It is kind 12 you to offer us the trip.” “It’s amazing, Stanley. Thank you,” George said. “Can the spacecraft 13 at the moon 14 I’d like to have a pizza on our way back? I’m really 15 .” “Of course!” said Stanley. His super spacecraft raced back to the moon. 1．A．travel B．travels C．travelled D．travelling 2．A．until B．when C．although D．if 3．A．excitement B．exciting C．excited D．excitedly 4．A．see B．saw C．to see D．seeing 5．A．enough big B．big enough C．bigger enough D．enough bigger 6．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 7．A．checks B．will check C．is checking D．was checking 8．A．pushes B．pushed C．was pushed D．was pushing 9．A．hard B．hardly C．harder D．hardest 10．A．billion B．billion of C．billions D．billions of 11．A．far B．farther C．farthest D．the farthest 12．A．with B．for C．of D．to 13．A．stop B．stopped C．is stopped D．be stopped 14．A．because B．because of C．but D．so 15．A．hunger B．hungry C．hungrier D．hungrily 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文主要写了一个发生在2099年的地球上的故事。 1．句意：他很好奇，期待着环游整个宇宙，所以他一直在研究他的宇宙飞船，直到它能去任何地方！ travel旅行，动词原形；travels第三人称单数；travelled过去式或过去分词；travelling现在分词或动名词。look forward to doing sth.“盼着做某事”，固定用法。故选D。 2．句意：他很好奇，期待着环游整个宇宙，所以他一直在研究他的宇宙飞船，直到它能去任何地方！ until直到；when当……时候；although虽然；if如果。由“so he worked on his spacecraft…it could go anywhere”可知，此处指直到飞船能去任何地方。故选A。 3．句意：他的朋友乔治和阿曼达对斯坦利的超级飞船并不感兴趣。 excitement兴奋，名词；exciting兴奋的；excited兴奋的；excitedly兴奋地。由“His friends, George and Amanda”可知，修饰人，应用excited。故选C。 4．句意：“谁想看看宇宙？”乔治问。 see看见，动词原形；saw过去式；to see动词不定式；seeing现在分词或动名词。want to do sth.“想要做某事”，固定短语。故选C。 5．句意：“我们的太阳系足够大。” enough big表达错误；big enough足够大；bigger enough表达错误；enough bigger表达错误。故选B。 6．句意：“今天我将带你们踏上一段奇妙的旅程。” a一个，泛指，用于辅音音素开头的词前；an一个，泛指，用于元音音素开头的词前；the特指；/零冠词。由“…amazing journey”可知，指一段奇妙的旅程。故选B。 7．句意：当他们进入宇宙飞船时，斯坦利正在检查一切。 checks检查，三单；will check一般将来时；is checking现在进行时；was checking过去进行时。由“When they got into the spacecraft, Stanley…everything”可知，当他们进去的时候，斯坦利正在检查，应用过去进行时。故选D。 8．句意：一个红色的按钮被按下，飞船开始快速飞行。 pushes推，三单；pushed过去式；was pushed一般过去时被动语态；was pushing过去进行时。由“A red button…”可知，指红色按钮被按下，应用被动语态。故选C。 9．句意：乔治和阿曼达紧紧抓住座位，向窗外望去。 hard努力地；hardly几乎不；harder更努力；hardest最努力。由“grabbed their seats…”可知，此处指用力抓住座位。故选A。 10．句意：太阳只是一个光斑，它的周围是数十亿颗圆盘状的恒星。 billion十亿；billion of表达错误；billions复数；billions of数十亿。由“it were…stars in the shape of a disk”可知，空前无数字，表概数。故选D。 11．句意：宇宙飞船飞得更远了。 far远；farther更远的；farthest最远地；the farthest最远的。much后跟比较级。故选B。 12．句意：阿曼达气喘吁吁地说。“我将永远记住这一天。谢谢你，斯坦利。你邀请我们去旅行真是太好了。” with有；for为了；of……的；to向。It’s kind of sb.“某人真是太好了”，固定句型。故选C。 13．句意：乔治说：“宇宙飞船能在月球上停留吗?因为我想在回来的路上吃个披萨?”我真的很饿。” stop停止，动词原形；stopped过去式或过去分词；is stopped一般现在时被动语态；be stopped被动语态。由“Can the spacecraft…at the moon”可知，此处应用情态动词的被动语态，其结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词。故选D。 14．句意：乔治说：“宇宙飞船能在月球上停留吗?因为我想在回来的路上吃个披萨?”我真的很饿。” because因为；because of因为；but但是；so所以。由“Can the spacecraft be stopped at the moon…I’d like to have a pizza on our way back”可知，此处表原因，后是句子，应用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 15．句意：乔治说：“宇宙飞船能在月球上停留吗?因为我想在回来的路上吃个披萨?”我真的很饿。” hunger饥饿，名词；hungry饥饿的，形容词；hungrier更饿的，比较级；hungrily饥饿地，副词。此处应用形容词原级作表语。故选B。 三、短文填空 A 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上规定的位置上。 Flamingos (火烈鸟) are one of the most beautiful birds in the world. At 1 (born), they are grey or white. And they slowly turn pink when they grow up. They can usually live 20 to 30 years, and some even live up to the age of 50. They are able to “run” on the water because of their special 2 (foot). Dr Paul Rose and his team have done a study on flamingos. It shows the birds always live in large groups, but they spend most of the time with a small group of friends, just 3 people. “It’s easy to find out whether flamingos are friends or not. Usually, 4 group of friends sit or stand less than one neck length away from each other. So when other groups of flamingos come too near, they will extend(伸长) their long necks 5 (fight),” Dr Rose said. Another interesting thing 6 (find) by the team and it surprised them—Flamingos choose those with similar personalities and colours when making friends. The findings of the study are important 7 they can help zoos get to know how to keep flamingos happy and 8 (health). “Keepers should have as many birds as possible. If the group is bigger, the flamingos will be able to find their friends 9 (easy),” Dr Rose said. “And when moving 10 (they) from one zoo to another, keepers should be careful not to keep the birds away from their good friends.” 【答案】 1．birth 2．feet 3．like 4．a 5．to fight 6．was found 7．because 8．healthy 9．easily 10．them 【导语】本文介绍了有关火烈鸟的相关研究。 1．句意：出生时，它们是灰色或白色的。此处是短语at birth“出生时”，故填birth。 2．句意：它们能够在水上“奔跑”是因为它们的脚很特别。根据“their”可知，名词应用复数形式，故填feet。 3．句意：这表明鸟类总是成群生活，但它们大部分时间都和一小群朋友在一起，就像人一样。根据“they spend most of the time with a small group of friends, just...people”可知，此处指的是“就像人一样”，just like“就像”，故填like。 4．句意：通常情况下，一群朋友坐着或站着时距离彼此不到一个脖子的长度。根据“group of friends sit or stand less than one neck length away from each other.”可知，此处说的是“一群朋友”，a“一个”，故填a。 5．句意：所以当其他火烈鸟群离得太近时，它们会伸出长脖子来战斗。空处表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语，故填to fight。 6．句意：研究小组发现了另一件有趣的事情。空处修饰句子主语“Another interesting thing”，此处表示“有趣的事情被发现”，根据and后“it surprised them”，可知用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were done，主语为名词单数，系动词用was。故填was found。 7．句意：这项研究的发现很重要，因为它们可以帮助动物园了解如何让火烈鸟保持快乐和健康。空格前后是因果关系，后句表示原因，应用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。 8．句意：这项研究的发现很重要，因为它们可以帮助动物园了解如何让火烈鸟保持快乐和健康。and连接并列成分，空处与“happy”构成并列关系，此处应用形容词形式，故填healthy。 9．句意：如果这个群体更大，火烈鸟就能很容易地找到它们的朋友。空处修饰句中的动词，应用副词形式，故填easily。 10．句意：当把它们从一个动物园转移到另一个动物园时，饲养员应该小心，不要让它们远离它们的好朋友。空处作宾语，应用宾格形式，故填them。 B 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 One morning I got up very early. I wanted to go to see my teacher. I was walking along the street when I heard a strange sound coming from the sky. I held up my head and saw strange animal with a big head and small body flying around. It has beautiful f 1 , its eyes were as big as a bulb, its mouth was like a pan, and its nose was too small to be seen. “It must be an a 2 ” I said to myself, “Great!Great!” I was so p 3 and excited that I stopped to watch it carefully. It walked into a shop, the assistant in the shop was very scared. Then she called the police. When it heard the police whistle, it rushed o 4 of the shop and got into a UFO. The UFO flew away q 5 . 【答案】1．(f)eathers 2．(a)lien 3．(p)leased 4．(o)ut 5．(q)uickly 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在去看老师的路上见到外星人的奇遇。 1．句意：它长着美丽的羽毛，眼睛像球茎一样大，嘴巴像平底锅，鼻子小得看不见。根据“saw strange animal with a big head and small body flying around.”可知，会飞的应是有翅膀，结合首字母可知，空处应是指feather“羽毛”，有很多，所以用其复数形式，故填(f)eathers。 2．句意：它一定是外星人。根据下文“The UFO”和首字母可知，此处是指alien“外星人”，an后跟单数名词，故填(a)lien。 3．句意：我是如此的高兴和兴奋，以至于我停下来仔细地观察它。根据“and excited that I stopped to watch it carefully”可知，空处应填形容词，应是看到外星人很高兴，结合首字母，pleased“高兴的”符合语境，故填(p)leased。 4．句意：当它听到警笛声时，它冲出商店，上了一架不明飞行物。根据“It walked into a shop ”和“it rushed ... of the shop and got into a UFO”可知，这里是指冲出了商店，rush out of“冲出……”，故填(o)ut。 5．句意：不明飞行物很快飞走了。根据“When it heard the police whistle, it rushed ...of the shop and got into a UFO”上文讲述了外星人听到警笛声后匆忙逃跑可知，此处指上了飞行物之后很快飞走了，修饰动词应用副词，所以用quickly表示“很快地”。故填(q)uickly。 C 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Recently, I learned something about animals. Some of them are hurt and in d 1 because of humans. One big reason animals are in trouble is because we destroy their homes, like forests and wetlands. Another reason is hunting. Some people hunt animals for their fur or bones. This is very c 2 . When we lose animals, it affects plants and people too. It can become a s 3 problem because nature needs a balance. We can help save animals. We should r 4 to buy things made from wild animals. We can also support people and organizations that work to protect them. Keep harming nature or help it? Your c 5 is so important. Let’s choose to help. Together, we can make a difference and ensure the world remains the best home for animals. 【答案】1．(d)anger 2．(c)ruel 3．(s)erious 4．(r)efuse 5．(c)hoice 【导语】本文介绍了动物对环境的重要性以及它们面临的威胁，呼吁人们采取行动保护动物。 1．句意：它们中的一些因为人类而受伤并处于危险之中。根据“Some of them are hurt and in”以及首字母提示可知，此处是说动物处于危险中，in danger“处于危险中”，固定表达。故填(d)anger。 2．句意：这非常残忍。根据“Some people hunt animals for their fur or bones”可知，猎杀动物获取皮毛或骨头是残忍的行为，首字母为c，形容词cruel“残忍的”符合语境，作表语。故填(c)ruel。 3．句意：它会成为一个严重的问题，因为自然需要平衡。根据“When we lose animals, it affects plants and people too”可知，失去动物会影响生态平衡，问题会变得严重，首字母为s，形容词serious“严重的”符合语境，作定语。故填(s)erious。 4．句意：我们应该拒绝购买野生动物制品。根据“to buy things made from wild animals”可知，此处指拒绝购买，首字母为r，动词refuse“拒绝”符合语境，should接动词原形。故填(r)efuse。 5．句意：你的选择非常重要。根据“Keep harming nature or help it?”可知，此处指需要做出选择，首字母为c，名词choice“选择”符合语境，结合“is”可知，填名词单数。故填(c)hoice。 四、完成句子 1．很多野生动物正处在危险之中。 Many wild animals ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 are in danger 【详解】“处在危险之中”译为“be in danger”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are；in；danger。 2. 我们应该阻止人们猎杀野生动物。 We should ________ people ________ hunting wild animals. 【答案】 stop from 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，填空处为“阻止……做某事”，stop sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，是常见的英文表达之一，should后接动词原形。故填stop；from。 3．但是，这些人拒绝放弃。最终，他们在火星上建立了新家园。 However, these people ________ ________ ________ ________. Finally, they built a new home on Mars. 【答案】 refused to give up 【详解】“拒绝做某事”用“refuse to do sth”这个短语；“放弃”是“give up”。根据句子语境，描述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，refuse的过去式是refused。故填refused；to；give；up。 4．一开始，找到食物和水来维持生存是很困难的。 At the beginning, ________ ________ difficult for people ________ ________ food and water to stay alive. 【答案】 it was to find 【详解】根据“At the beginning,...difficult for people...food and water to stay alive.”可知，句型为It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中“it”作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式；句子时态为一般过去时，be动词用was；find“找到”，此处应用动词不定式to find。故填it；was；to；find。 6.莉莉放学走路回家时，听到了小狗微弱的呜咽声。 Lily __________ __________ home from school when she heard a puppy’s faint whimpers. 【答案】 was walking 【详解】根据语境可知，此句用过去进行时；由汉语提示可知，此处缺少“正在走路”；走路walk，由when引导的时间状语从句可知，主句应用过去进行时表示动作正在进行。故填was；walking。 7．由于寒冷的雨水，小狗看起来非常虚弱和害怕。 __________ __________ the cold rain, the puppy looked very weak and scared. 【答案】 Because of 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处使用because of“因为，由于”，介词短语，后接名词等。故填Because；of。 8.在英歌舞中，舞蹈混合了武术。 In Yingge Dance, the dance ________ ________ ________ martial arts. 【答案】 is mixed with 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少短语be mixed with“与……混合”。时态是一般现在时，主语是dance，be动词用is。故填is；mixed；with。 9.许多野生动物在野外不得不独自生存。 Many wild animals have to live ________ ________ ________ in the wild. 【答案】 on their own 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处需填入“独自”的英文表达。“独自”译为on one’s own，主语为Many wild animals，对应的物主代词为their。故填on；their；own。 10. 为了保持健康，我们别无选择只能健康饮食和做运动。 To keep healthy, we ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ eat healthily and do sport. 【答案】 have no choice but to 【详解】对照中英文可知，空处表示“别无选择只能做某事”，用固定表达have no choice but to do sth，主语是we，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用原形。故填have；no；choice；but；to。 11．目前，他们正在参加学校郊游。 ________ ________ ________, they are on the school trip. 【答案】 In the present 【详解】“目前”译为in the present，固定搭配。句子开头首字母大写。故填In the present。 12.为什么有些学生想要尽快工作？ Why do some students want to start work ________ ________ ________ ________? 【答案】 as soon as possible 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“尽快”，对应副词短语as soon as possible。故填as；soon；as；possible。 13.在图书馆里请保持安静。 Please ________ ________ in the library. 【答案】 keep quiet 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，keep quiet“保持安静”动词短语，祈使句用动词原形开头，故填keep；quiet。 14.你知道你刚出生时多重吗？ Do you know how much you weighed __________ __________? 【答案】 at birth 【详解】at birth“出生时”，此处是介词短语，用状语，故填at；birth。 15.我们可以在互联网上获取许多有用的信息。 We can get a lot of useful information ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 on the Internet 【详解】根据句意可知此处需填“在网上”，在网上on the Internet，作状语。故填on；the；Internet。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $