Unit 5 Part 2 Using language（同步练习）-【学而思·PPT课件分层练习】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

Part 2　Using language 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.The criminal of the car theft made a 　　　　 (逃跑) before the police came.   2.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China and one of the mother rivers of Chinese 　　　　 (文明).   3.(2025湖南省长沙市第一中学月考)The cause of the national power failure happening on Monday at noon was still under 　　　　 (调查).   4.The little girl saw a stranger and 　　　　 (后退) for several steps, too shy to speak to him.  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.With pieces of masonry(砖石) falling all around her, she ran 　　　　　 her life hurriedly.   2.(2025浙江1月) Interlibrary Loan (ILL) provides teachers, students and staff with access to books that are checked 　　　　　 or not owned by our own libraries  3.(2025重庆名校联盟期中) As an ambitious student, she has set out 　　　　　 (do) other projects and she hopes for more in the following years.  4.When you talk with an unfamiliar woman, you􀆳d better steer clear 　　　　　 age.   5.This course is designed for the people who shrink 　　　　　 the thought of giving a speech in public.   Ⅲ.单元语法专练 题型(一) 1.(2022全国乙)It is calculated 　　　　　 European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance.   2.(2025天津三中东校区月考)It is absolutely essential 　　　　　 we should collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.  3.(2025江苏盐城七校期中联考)Word came 　　　　　 the students would put off the outing until next week because of the bad weather.  4.It is not a problem 　　　　　 we can win the battle; it􀆳s just a matter of time.   5.(2022新高考Ⅰ)He always participated to the best of his ability in 　　　　　 they were doing.  6.(2025北京朝阳六校联考)The second question is 　　　　　 the amount of grass cover affected the success and survival of the eucalyptus seedlings.  7.(2024新课标Ⅱ) We need to consider 　　　　　 we want our future with AI to pan out.   8.(2025新课标Ⅰ)Do we really recognise 　　　　　 it costs us as a society when children can􀆳t move safely around our communities?   题型(二) 用适当的引导词填空 　　I don􀆳t know 1.　　　　you have noticed 2.　　　　some students don􀆳t want to walk to school. 3.　　　　can be seen every day is that some student􀆳s parents drive them to school. But nowadays, 4.　　　　we should realize is 5.　　　　the air is seriously polluted. So I think it is important 6.　　　　we should take action right now. Here I have a suggestion 7.　　　　we should ride our bikes to school! This is 8.　　　　it will not only have significant benefits for our health, but help improve our environment. 9.　　　　we will have a better environment depends on 10.　　　　we can do for ourselves and for nature.   能力提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2025山东日照月考) Great white sharks, the largest predatory(捕食性的) sharks in the world with the most fatal attacks on humans, are tough to imagine as newborn babies. That is partially because no one has beheld one in the wild, it seems, until now. Wildlife filmmaker Carlos Gauna and UC Riverside biology doctoral student Phillip Sternes were scanning the waters for sharks on July 9, 2023, near Santa Barbara on California􀆳s central coast. That day, something exciting appeared on the viewfinder of Gauna􀆳s drone camera. It was a shark pup(幼崽) unlike any they􀆳d ever seen. “We expanded the images, put them in slow motion, and realized the white layer was being shed(蜕) from its body as it was swimming,” Sternes said. “I believe it was a newborn great white shark shedding its embryonic layer.” These observations are logged in a new paper in the journal Environmental Biology of Fishes. What Gauna and Sternes observed could help solve the long-standing mystery of the great white shark􀆳s birthing habits. This may well be the first evidence we have of a pup in the wild. Great white sharks, referred to only as white sharks by scientists, are gray on the top and white on the bottom. But this roughly 5-foot-long shark was pure white. Though the paper authors acknowledge that it is possible that the white layer the shark shed might have been caused by a skin condition, the two believe what they saw was in fact a newborn great white shark. First, female great white sharks give birth to live pups. A second reason is the presence of large, potentially pregnant great white sharks in this location. Finally, this location off the coast of central California has long been proposed as a birthing location for great white sharks. Many scholars believe great white sharks are born farther out at sea. Great white sharks are listed as a critically endangered species. “Further research is needed to confirm these waters are indeed a great breeding ground. But if they are, we would want lawmakers to step in and protect these waters to help great white sharks keep thriving,” Sternes said. 1.What do we know about what appeared on Gauna􀆳s drone camera? A.It is rare in the world. B.It is tough to identify. C.It is not open to the public. D.It is unbelievable to scientists. 2.What does the pup look like? A.Pure gray. B.White only on the bottom. C.Gray on the top. D.Pure white. 3.What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A.How female great white sharks give birth to pups. B.How the observers prove they saw a baby shark. C.Why the observers believe they saw a newborn shark. D.Why the observers think the white layer is caused by a skin condition. 4.What does Sternes hope for if their assumption is confirmed? A.Helping great white sharks to stop breeding. B.Using laws to protect great white sharks and the breeding ground. C.Listing great white sharks as an endangered species. D.A further study to confirm great white shark breeding waters. Ⅱ.七选五 (2025湖南郴州月考) Genes, the basic units of heredity, play a notable role in determining our physical characteristics and health conditions. 　1　 With the development of modern technology, genetic testing has become an important tool for understanding our biological makeup.  When you take a genetic test, scientists will analyze your DNA sample.　2　 For example, some tests can tell if you carry genes that might increase your risk of certain diseases like breast cancer or heart conditions. This knowledge can help people take preventive measures early.  However, genetic testing also raises ethical questions.　3　 Should employers have access to this information? What if insurance companies use it to deny coverage? What if hospitals prioritize treatments based on genetic risks? These issues require careful consideration.  　4　 This needs countries to work together, set clear rules, and prevent unfair treatment. For example, the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH) created the “Framework for Responsible Sharing of Genomic and Health-related Data”. It unifies privacy rules in over 40 countries, letting scientists study rare diseases using anonymous genetic data. At the same time, it requires strict compliance(遵从) with laws and stops any harmful use of personal information. These actions show how global teamwork can protect people􀆳s privacy while helping medical science move forward.  Though not perfect, genetic testing offers valuable insights. By understanding our genetic risks, we can make better lifestyle choices and work with doctors to create personalized health plans. For example, individuals with a genetic tendency for heart disease might increase cardiovascular exercises and reduce saturated fat intake.　5　  A.These analyses can detect gene variations linked to inherited(遗传) diseases. B.Effective data protection methods are essential for securing genetic databases. C.They contain codes for proteins that directly affect bodily functions and health. D.Laboratory technicians compare DNA samples to identify unique genetic markers. E.The ownership and use of genetic information remain highly controversial(有争议的). F.Ultimately, this knowledge enables proactive health management tailored to individual needs. G.To address these risks, legal frameworks must balance privacy protection with research needs. 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　   Ⅲ.完形填空 (2024湖南湘楚名校月考)　　In May 1869, John Wesley Powell, a former Union Army major who had lost most of his right　1　 in the Battle of Shiloh, led 9 　2　 in launching four heavy wooden boats loaded to the gunwales with 10 months of supplies.  Three of the boats were made of oak, more suitable for cruising lakes than traversing(穿过) rapids(急流). None of the men were 　3　 sailors. The one-armed captain of the crew had maps with gaps in them. 　4　, it has been the grandest expedition since Lewis and Clark. Over 500 rapids and 1,000 miles of 　5　 currents awaited them.  Though Powell had boats custom-made for the 　6　, they were heavy. He recruited men who knew how to 　7　 in the wilderness but had never navigated a river. He packed so much food that it 　8　 sank the boats from the start.  Much of the journey was spent 　9　 boats damaged while sailing across rapids and carving new oars out of driftwood. Food was lost or spoiled, game was scarce, and Powell went inland to 　10　 with the Indians for food. The expedition spent days in 　11　 water and 115-degree heat. Three men abandoned the cause along the way. The crew slept on boulders and 　12　 wet clothing the next morning. And most of the time, they had no idea what lay ahead. But at the end of the arduous journey, they had successfully 　13　 the challenges and mapped a wilderness previously labeled as “unknown territory”. As the West expanded, Powell􀆳s maps would be 　14　.  Beauty is in the living of life, and in looking beyond the challenges to the 　15　 of the small moments we achieve—sometimes against all odds.  1.A.leg B.arm C.ear D.fingers 2.A.explorers B.soldiers C.heroes D.boatmen 3.A.rude B.greedy C.experienced D.honest 4.A.Still B.Otherwise C.Thus D.Moreover 5.A.remote B.quiet C.unknown D.vast 6.A.trip B.journey C.travel D.tour 7.A.retreat B.hunt C.hide D.survive 8.A.nearly B.already C.mostly D.never 9.A.making B.handling C.rowing D.repairing 10.A.investigate B.discuss C.fight D.negotiate 11.A.shallow B.freezing C.violent D.polluted 12.A.put into B.put up C.put on D.put aside 13.A.adapted to B.stuck to C.saw to D.got to 14.A.notable B.priceless C.measurable D.considerable 15.A.strength B.attempt C.position D.wonder 答案与分层梯度式解析 Part 2　Using language 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.getaway　2.civilisation/civilization 3.investigation　4.retreated Ⅱ.1.for　考查介词。句意:砖石碎片掉落在她四面八方,她急忙逃命。由句意可知,此处使用的是固定搭配run for one􀆳s life,表示“逃命”。 2.out　考查副词。句意:馆际互借(ILL)为教师、学生和员工提供了获取被借出的书籍或我们自己的图书馆中没有收藏的书籍的途径。check out为固定搭配,意为“借出”,故填out。 3.to do　考查动词不定式。句意: 作为一个雄心勃勃的学生,她已经开始做其他项目,她希望在接下来的几年里有更多的项目。set out to do sth.开始做某事。 类比启发 　　set about doing sth.也表示“开始做某事”。注意:set后的词不同,后面非谓语动词的形式也随之不同。 4.of　考查介词。句意:当你与一位陌生的女士交谈时,最好不要谈及年龄。由句意可知,此处使用的是固定搭配steer clear of...,意为“避开……”。 5.from　考查介词。句意:这个课程是专为那些一想到在公众面前演讲就退缩的人开设的。由句意可知,此处使用的是固定搭配shrink from,表示“避免做,不愿做”。 Ⅲ.题型(一) 1.that　考查主语从句。句意:据计算,欧洲铁路系统每年仅在铁路维护上的花费就有大约两百亿欧元。分析句子可知,本句使用了固定句型“It is calculated that...”,其中It是形式主语,that引导主语从句。故填that。 2.that　考查主语从句。句意:我们应该携手合作以构建和平与繁荣的人类命运共同体,这是完全有必要的。It is essential that...为固定句型,表示“……是极其重要的。”,其中It为形式主语,that引导主语从句。 3.that　考查同位语从句。句意:有消息说,由于天气不好,学生们将把郊游推迟到下周。Word came that...意为“有消息传来”,that引导同位语从句,此处的Word意为“消息”。故填that。 4.whether/if　考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场仗不是问题,这只是时间问题。分析句子可知,设空处引导主语从句;根据语境可知设空处意为“是否”,应用whether或if引导主语从句。故填whether或if。 5.whatever　考查宾语从句。句意:无论他们在做什么,他总是竭尽全力地参与。设空处引导介词in之后的宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,表示“无论什么”,应用引导词whatever。 6.whether　考查表语从句。句意: 第二个问题是草地覆盖度是否影响桉树幼苗的成活率和存活情况。分析句子可知,设空处引导表语从句;根据语境可知,设空处意为“是否”,应用whether引导表语从句。故填whether。 易错归因 　　本题易错填if。if虽然可以表示“是否”,但不能引导表语从句,故本题不能填if。注意:表示“是否”且引导表语从句、同位语从句和位于句首的主语从句以及介词之后的宾语从句时用whether不用if。 7.how　考查宾语从句。句意:我们需要考虑我们希望人工智能的未来如何发展。consider后为空处引导的宾语从句,从句缺少状语,空处表示“如何”,故填how。 8.what　考查宾语从句。句意:当孩子们无法在我们的社区内安全活动时,我们真的认识到背后的社会代价了吗?recognise后为空处引导的宾语从句,该从句中的动词costs后需接双宾语,空处作costs的直接宾语,表示“……的事物”,应用what。 题型(二) 1.whether/if　2.that　3.What　4.what　5.that　6.that 7.that　8.because　9.Whether　10.what 能力提升练 Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了野生动物电影制片人Carlos Gauna和生物学博士研究生Phillip Sternes在加利福尼亚海岸首次拍摄到疑似大白鲨幼崽蜕去胚层的珍贵画面,这一发现有助于揭示大白鲨繁殖习惯的奥秘。 【高频词汇】　1.evidence n.证据;证明　2.acknowledge v.承认　3.give birth to生(孩子),产(仔)　4.presence n.出现　5.propose v.建议　6.endangered adj.濒危的　7.confirm v.证实;确认 【差距词汇】　1.viewfinder n.取景器　2.embryonic adj.胚胎的　3.thrive v.茁壮成长;蓬勃发展　4.fatal adj.致命的 1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段的“That is partially because no one has beheld one in the wild, it seems, until now.”及第二段的“It was a shark pup unlike any they􀆳d ever seen.”可知,镜头中出现的鲨鱼幼崽是之前没有人看见过的,且和以前他们见到的大白鲨不像。由此可知,这在世界上是罕见的。故选A。 2.D　细节理解题。根据第四段的“But this roughly 5-foot-long shark was pure white.”可知,这只大白鲨幼崽是纯白色的。故选D。 3.C　主旨大意题。根据第五段的“the two believe what they saw was in fact a newborn great white shark”可知,他们两人认为他们看到的实际上是一只新生的大白鲨,并通过“First...A second reason is...Finally...”进行了证明,所以第五段主要讲的是观察者认为他们看到的是一只大白鲨幼崽的原因。故选C。 4.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“But if they are, we would want lawmakers to step in and protect these waters to help great white sharks keep thriving”可知,如果他们的假设得到证实,Sternes希望利用法律途径保护大白鲨及它们的繁殖地。故选B。 Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基因在决定我们的身体特征和健康状况方面的作用,以及基因检测技术的发展、应用、与其相关的伦理问题及其全球合作的解决方案。 【高频词汇】　1.analyze v.分析　2.deny v.否认 3.prioritize v.优先处理　4.unify v.联合;统一 5.identify v.识别;查明;证明　6.detect v.查明;测出 7.secure v.获得;确保 adj.稳固的;可靠的 【差距词汇】　1.tailored adj.特制的　2.proactive adj.积极主动的 1.C　细节句。上文“Genes...play a notable role in determining our physical characteristics and health conditions.”说明基因的重要性,结合选项可知,C项“They contain codes for proteins that directly affect bodily functions and health.”进一步解释了基因如何对身体产生影响,其中“They”指代上文的“Genes”,与上文衔接紧密。故选C。 2.A　过渡句。上文“When you take a genetic test, scientists will analyze your DNA sample.”及下文“For example, some tests...like breast cancer or heart conditions.”说明科学家会分析DNA样本来判断某些疾病的风险。A项中的“These analyses”承接上文的“analyze your DNA sample”,“detect gene variations linked to inherited diseases”与下文举例内容相呼应,A项承上启下,符合语境。故选A。 3.E　过渡句。上文“However, genetic testing also raises ethical questions.”说明基因检测也引发了伦理问题,E项“The ownership and use of genetic information remain highly controversial.”既承接上文提到的基因测试引发伦理问题,又引出下文关于基因信息使用争议的具体问题“Should employers...genetic risks?”,符合语境。故选E。 4.G　主旨句。下文“This needs countries to work together...unfair treatment.”说明需要国际合作和制订规则来解决基因检测的伦理问题,结合选项可知,G项“To address these risks, legal frameworks must balance privacy protection with research needs.”引出下文,说明为了解决这些问题需要做什么,空后的This指代G项中提到的“legal frameworks...needs”,符合语境。故选G。 5.F　细节句。空前内容说明基因检测可以帮助我们做出更好的健康选择,空处总结上文,说明基因检测的好处。F项“Ultimately, this knowledge enables proactive health management tailored to individual needs.”进一步强调了解基因风险带来的好处,与首句互相照应,其中的this knowledge指代上文所提到的与genetic testing有关的知识,符合语境。故选F。 Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了失去大部分右臂的前联邦军队少校John Wesley Powell率领9名队员乘坐重型木船进行探险的故事。 【高频词汇】　1.recruit v.招募　2.navigate v.航行,横渡;导航　3.be labelled as...被称为…… 【熟词生义】　1.current 熟义:adj.现有的　生义:n.水流 2.game 熟义:n.游戏　生义:n.(作为食物的)猎物肉;野味 1.B　根据第二段中的“The one-armed captain of the crew had maps with gaps in them.”可知,John Wesley Powell失去了右臂的一大部分。leg腿;arm手臂;ear耳朵;finger手指。故选B。 2.A　根据上文“led 9”和第三段中的“He recruited men who knew how to 　7　 in the wilderness but had never navigated a river.”可推断,此处指Powell带领9名探险者开启航程。explorer探险者;soldier士兵;hero英雄;boatman摆渡者。故选A。  3.C　根据第三段中的“He recruited men who knew how to 　7　 in the wilderness but had never navigated a river.”可知,Powell招募的人都不是有经验的船员。rude粗鲁的;greedy贪婪的;experienced有经验的;honest诚实的。故选C。  4.A　上文“None of the men were experienced sailors. The one-armed captain of the crew had maps with gaps in them.”陈述了Powell的探险队面临的成员不专业、地图不完整等问题,下文“it has been the grandest expedition since Lewis and Clark”却肯定其意义,并把这次探险与Lewis和Clark的探险相提并论,上下文之间是转折关系。still然而;otherwise否则;thus因此;moreover此外。故选A。 5.C　根据上文“maps with gaps in them”和第四段中的“Much of the journey was spent 　9　 boats damaged while sailing across rapids and carving new oars out of driftwood.”可推断,因为地图缺失,Powell一行的航行前途未卜,充满未知的水流。remote遥远的;quiet安静的;unknown未知的;vast辽阔的。故选C。  6.B　根据第四段中的“Much of the journey”可知,此处用journey表示长途旅行,是原词复现。trip(尤指短程往返的)旅行;journey(尤指长途)旅行;travel旅行(泛指);tour观光。故选B。 7.D　根据下文“but had never navigated a river”可推断,这些人知道如何在荒野中生存,但不知道如何在河道中航行。retreat离开;hunt狩猎;hide隐藏;survive生存。故选D。 8.A　根据上文可知,探险顺利启航,“sank the boats from the start”是没有发生的事情,所以是几乎使船沉没。nearly几乎;already已经;mostly主要地;never从不。故选A。 9.D　根据下文“boats damaged”可知,要修理损坏的船只。make制造;handle处理;row划(船);repair修理。故选D。 10.D　根据下文“with the Indians for food”可知,Powell要与印第安人谈判来获得食物。investigate调查;discuss讨论;fight打架;negotiate谈判,协商。故选D。 11.B　根据下文“115-degree heat”可推断,此处指探险队经历的极端环境,结合选项可知,freezing water(冰冷的水)符合语境。shallow浅的;freezing冰冷的;violent猛烈的;polluted被污染的。故选B。 12.C　根据下文“wet clothing the next morning”可知,此处指第二天早上穿上湿衣服。put into进港;put up张贴;put on穿上;put aside忽视。故选C。 13.A　根据上文“successfully”可推断,他们最终成功适应了种种挑战。adapt to适应;stick to坚持;see to 照料;get to到达。故选A。 14.B　根据上文“mapped a wilderness previously labeled as ‘unknown territory’”和“As the West expanded”可知,Powell绘制了更完整的地图,所以在西部扩张中,他的地图将是无价之宝。notable显著的;priceless无价的;measurable可测量的;considerable相当多的。故选B。 15.D　根据上文可知,Powell探险队完成了不可能的任务,结合句中的“looking beyond the challenges”和“the small moments we achieve”可知,克服挑战,取得成就是一种奇迹。strength力量;attempt尝试;position位置;wonder奇迹。故选D。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $