Unit 2 Part 2 Using language（同步练习）-【学而思·PPT课件分层练习】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

Part 2　Using language 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.The company offers a comprehensive training program where trainees pay reduced 　　　　(费用) to gain hands-on experience.  2.The environmental protection campaign achieved success with 　　　　 (广泛的) participation of local communities, schools, and businesses.  3.It may sound 　　　　 (不正常的), but instead of rushing to take action, we must slow down.   4.The p　　　　“caught between a rock and a hard place” symbolizes the essence of any dilemma.  5.Don􀆳t be too p　　　　 about the future in the face of difficulty, because we􀆳re sure to find some alternative approaches.  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.(2025新课标Ⅰ)My wife suggested I get 　　　　　 touch with my brother, but I resisted, thinking he should call first.  2.The　　　　　 behavior between the two teams shows they have realized the importance of 　　　　　, which will encourage them to perform better.(cooperate)  3.She spoke 　　　　　 at first due to nervousness, but quickly regained confidence as she began listing her professional strengths and 　　　　　.(weak)  4.(2025浙江S9联盟期中)Wilmore, 62, and Williams, 59, ended up spending 286 days in space—278 days longer than 　　　　　 (anticipate).  Ⅲ.单元语法专练 题型(一) 1.(2024浙江1月)Children􀆳s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can 　　　　　 (teach) through “Tom Sawyer.”  2.(2025新课标Ⅰ)Whole neighbourhoods 　　　　　 (destroy) to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere.  3.(2023天津)The wooden tower that 　　　　　 (restore) will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished.  4.(2022新高考Ⅱ)Once the registration form 　　　　　 (receive) and processed, we will send a confirmation email within two business days.  5.A rescue worker risked his life to save two tourists who 　　　　　 (trap) in the mountains for two days.   6.It was said that the potential risks and benefits of the new policy 　　　　　 (weigh) up by a special committee in the days to come.  7.So far, progress has been very good and the engineers are convinced that the challenging project 　　　　　 (complete) on time.   8.After school we went to the library to do some reading, only to be told that it 　　　　　 (decorate).  9.(2025天津市弘毅中学月考)Many a new safety rule 　　　　　(made) in schools over the last three years to help create a happier and more secure learning environment.  10.When you􀆳re washing the curtains made of this fabric, use cold water and a gentle cycle, as the material 　　　　　(fade) easily.  题型(二) 1.(2023新课标Ⅰ)我花在打磨文章上的时间以及无数次的修改最终都得到了回报。 The hours spent honing my essay and the countless revisions all　　　　 　　　　ultimately.   2.(2022新高考Ⅰ写作)采访定于星期五下午3点在学校广播电台举行,将持续大约一个小时。(schedule) The interview　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 at 3 p.m. on Friday in the school radio station and will last about one hour.  能力提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2025广东深圳市金安中学期中) Do you have a suit or dress in the closet that you haven􀆳t worn for years but are reluctant to get rid of? Maybe you say instinctively, “I can􀆳t throw that away because I paid good money for it.” If you recognize this in yourself, then you are suffering from commitment to the sunk cost fallacy (沉没成本谬误). It occurs when we feel that we have invested too much to quit. This psychological trap causes us to stick with a plan even if it no longer serves us and the costs clearly outweigh the benefits. Arkes and Blumer conducted a survey revealing that people are influenced by the sunk cost fallacy in their decisions. Participants were asked to imagine a situation where they accidentally booked two ski tickets for the same date, spending $100 on a ski trip to Michigan and $50 on Wisconsin. They were also told the latter would be more enjoyable. It turned out that 54% chose to go up to Michigan despite the reasonable choice being Wisconsin, because they had made greater initial investment. The sunk cost fallacy takes place when we let emotions cloud our decisions. Once we􀆳ve invested in a choice, we feel guilt or regret if we don􀆳t follow through, without realizing that past investment won􀆳t be recovered. Instead, we base decisions on past costs, ignoring present and future costs and benefits. This may be due to loss aversion (厌恶), where people place more weight on losses than on gains. As a result, our decisions often aim to avoid losses instead of seeking the benefits gained if we let go of the past commitment. No one can deny the fact that we benefit a lot from perseverance. So our society loves to emphasize perseverance with some phrases, like “Never give up! Don􀆳t waste.” But only you know the right path for you. Sometimes walking away is the hardest choice of all. You might realize a path you􀆳re on is no longer the right one or never was. That􀆳s a painful recognition. 1.What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A.People benefit from sticking with a plan. B.People􀆳s consumption view has changed. C.People refuse to give up the past commitment. D.People􀆳s clothes are becoming more expensive. 2.Why did more than half of the participants choose the trip to Michigan in the survey? A.To save more of the loss. B.To appear more reasonable. C.To make greater investment. D.To enjoy more of themselves. 3.When does the “sunk cost fallacy” occur? A.When we don􀆳t follow through our choices. B.When we attach more importance to potential gains. C.When we feel it worthwhile to invest in past decisions. D.When we emotionally stick with investment already made. 4.What is the author􀆳s attitude toward “perseverance”? A.Favorable. B.Objective. C.Critical. D.Unclear. Ⅱ.七选五 (2025辽宁大连滨城高中联盟月考) Achieving Success: The Right Mindset In the journey of achieving success, having the right attitude is crucial. High-achievers often possess a unique way of thinking. They seem to believe they can conquer any challenge that comes their way. 　1　 Let􀆳s take a closer look, based on Quinlan􀆳s experience, a high-achieving individual.  Fearlessness in the Face of Failure High-achievers aren􀆳t discouraged by the fear of the unknown. They view new situations as opportunities. Facing new work projects or tough academic tasks, they don􀆳t back down. With unwavering self-belief, they approach tasks thinking “How hard can this be?” and assume they can handle big challenges. This self-confidence gives them the initial push to start any tasks. 　2　 They are well-aware of potential difficulties. “I don􀆳t think I ever thought twice about failing,” says Quinlan. This fearless attitude allows them to take risks and step out of their comfort zones.  The Power of Self-Confidence 　3　 It serves as the foundation of their approach to any new enterprise. Their self-assured mindset enables them to initiate projects with enthusiasm and believe that they have the ability to overcome whatever obstacles lie ahead.  　4　  Despite their self-confidence, successful people are humble enough to recognize their limitations. Quinlan adds, “You have to be humble enough to know what kind of help you need to get where you want to go.” When she joined a group of writers, even though she had run an ad agency, she realized she could learn from those who had successfully published books. They are willing to put themselves in uncomfortable situations to grow. It is like starting from scratch, being in first grade again. 　5　  In conclusion, achieving success requires a combination of the qualities above. High-achievers understand that being uncomfortable is part of the process. By believing in themselves, not fearing failure, and being open to learning, they can reach new heights. A.Seeking Perfection B.Embracing Humility C.Overcoming Setbacks Alone D.But what exactly are the elements that contribute to their success? E.This humility helps them acquire the knowledge and skills they lack. F.Nevertheless, their self-assurance doesn􀆳t translate into over-confidence. G.This confidence is what drives them to attempt seemingly impossible tasks. 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　   Ⅲ.完形填空 (2025黑龙江黑河龙西北高中名校联盟期中) 　　I was born with a mind that raced faster than my heartbeat. While reading novels, I􀆳d always　1　 to the last page, obsessed with knowing the 　2　 before tasting the journey. In daily life, I treated problems like math equations—solved them fast or they would multiply. My motto: “Why 　3　 when you can run fast?” But this attitude left me mentally 　4　 and emotionally distant.  Everything changed when I joined a marathon training group. Longing for standing out, I　5　 doubled my running distance overnight. By the third week, my knees felt 　6　, but I ignored it. One rainy morning, I fell down unconsciously mid-run. The doctor warned, “Your body isn􀆳t a machine; it has its natural 　7　.” I stared at my bandaged leg, recognizing I􀆳d been 　8　 life itself.  During recovery, I met Mr. Thompson, a 70-year-old gardener. Every afternoon, he　9　 trimmed his roses. “Why not trim them all at once?” I asked. He whispered softly, “Good things take time, kid. You can􀆳t 　10　 a sunset.” His words struck me. I began observed how dewdrops 　11　 on petals at dawn and how clouds drifted lazily—things I􀆳d never 　12　 before.  One evening, I picked up Hemingway􀆳s “The Old Man and the Sea”. For the first time, I didn􀆳t cheat. With each chapter, I felt the fisherman􀆳s　13　 hopes and hard-working struggles. When I finally reached the ending, tears 　14　 my cheeks—not from sadness, but from the beauty of a journey fully lived.  Now I keep a journal—“Today Matters”. Some pages are messy, some blank, but each one tells: Life isn􀆳t a race. It􀆳s art. And art demands to be　15　, not rushed.  1. A.skip ahead B.look forward C.take over D.switch on 2.A.outcome B.plot C.mystery D.beginning 3.A.rest B.escape C.jog D.complain 4.A.refreshed B.exhausted C.focused D.amused 5.A.wisely B.gradually C.occasionally D.desperately 6.A.flexible B.painful C.solid D.steady 7.A.design B.limit C.pace D.custom 8.A.weakening B.wasting C.enjoying D.fighting 9.A.randomly B.roughly C.patiently D.abnormally 10.A.rush B.wait C.describe D.watch 11.A.faded B.dried C.froze D.shone 12.A.recorded B.noticed C.anticipated D.possessed 13.A.urgent B.reliable C.stubborn D.absurd 14.A.wet B.warmed C.colored D.wrapped 15.A.exhibited B.cherished C.criticized D.preserved 答案与分层梯度式解析 Part 2　Using language 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.fees　2.widespread　3.abnormal　4.phrase 5.pessimistic Ⅱ.1.in　考查介词。句意:我妻子建议我联系我弟弟,但我拒绝了,觉得应该他先打电话。get in touch with sb.为固定搭配,意为“与某人取得联系”。故填in。 2.cooperative;cooperation　考查形容词和名词。句意:这两个团队之间的合作行为说明他们意识到了合作的重要性,这将鼓励他们更好地表现。由第一空后的behavior可知,第一空要用形容词作定语;结合句意可知第一空表示“合作的”,故填cooperative。由第二空前的the importance of可知,第二空要用名词作介词of的宾语,cooperation意为“合作”,为不可数名词,故填cooperation。 3.weakly;weaknesses　考查副词和名词。句意:她开始时因为紧张而说话声音很弱,但当她开始列出自己的专业优势和劣势时,很快就恢复了自信。第一空修饰动词spoke,应用副词weakly作状语,表示“虚弱地”。根据句意可知,第二空使用的是固定短语strengths and weaknesses,表示“优势和劣势”,故填weaknesses。 4.anticipated　考查过去分词。句意:62岁的威尔莫尔和59岁的威廉姆斯最终在太空中度过了286天,比他们发射时预计的多了278天。分词句子结构可知,“than 　　　　”是状语从句的省略形式,“在太空中度过的天数”和anticipate之间是被动关系,该从句补充完整后为“than it was anticipated”,所以要用过去分词。故填 anticipated。  Ⅲ.题型(一) 1.be taught　考查语态。句意:儿童剧院有一本学习指南,展示了如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学。分析句子结构可知,how引导宾语从句,“can 　　　　”为该从句的谓语。由句意可知,宾语从句的主语math and science与teach之间为被动关系,表示“被教授”,应用被动语态;空前有情态动词can,含情态动词的被动语态的构成方式为“情态动词+be done”,故填be taught。   2.were destroyed　考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:整片整片的街区被毁,为新公路网让路,孩子们不得不去别的地方玩耍。由and后的并列分句的谓语had to play可知,此处表示过去的事,应用一般过去时,且and前的并列分句的主语Whole neighbourhoods与destroy之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,主语中心词为复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。故填were destroyed。 3.is being restored　考查现在进行时的被动语态及主谓一致。句意:正在修复的木塔即将对游客开放,工程已经接近尾声。由句中的“will be open to tourists soon”和“is almost finished”可知,修复工作现在正在进行。“that 　　　”为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词The wooden tower,that在该从句中作主语,和restore之间是被动关系,且先行词是单数,故填is being restored。  4.is received　考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:一旦收到并处理了注册表格,我们将在两个工作日内发送一封确认邮件。由句意可知,此处主句用一般将来时,Once引导的时间状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来,且从句主语the registration form和receive之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,从句主语表示单数意义,从句谓语动词用单数形式。故填is received。 5.had been trapped　考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意:一位救援人员冒着生命危险营救了两名已经被困在山中两天的游客。由主句谓语动词risked及语境可知,营救的事情发生在过去,而“被困”发生在risked之前,再结合for two days可知用过去完成时。“who 　　　　 in the mountains for two days”为定语从句,修饰先行词two tourists,关系代词who代替先行词在从句中作主语,与trap之间是被动关系,故设空处应用过去完成时的被动语态。   6.would be weighed　考查过去将来时的被动语态。句意:据说新政策的潜在风险和收益将在未来几天内由一个特别委员会进行权衡。由主句中的谓语动词was said和从句中的时间状语in the days to come可知用过去将来时,且从句主语与weigh up之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。故填would be weighed。 7.will be completed　考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意:到目前为止,进展非常好,工程师们确信这个具有挑战性的项目将能按时完成。结合句意和that从句前的谓语are convinced可知,设空处要用一般将来时,表示将来要发生的事,且从句主语the challenging project和complete之间是被动关系,故填will be completed。 8.was being decorated　考查过去进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:放学后,我们去图书馆看书,结果被告知图书馆正在装修。结合前面的谓语动词went和句意可知,此处表示过去某个时间点正在进行的事,要用过去进行时。从句主语it是第三人称单数,且和decorate之间是被动关系,故填was being decorated。 9.has been made　考查现在完成时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的三年里,学校制订了许多新的安全规则,以帮助创造一个更快乐、更安全的学习环境。根据时间状语over the last three years可知应用现在完成时,且主语Many a new safety rule与make之间为被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态。主语为Many a new safety rule,谓语动词应用单数形式,故填has been made。 易错归因 　　该题易因只关注句意或“Many”而错用复数形式。many a后跟单数可数名词,表示复数意义,但谓语动词应用单数形式。 10.fades　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:清洗这种布料制成的窗帘时,你要用冷水和轻柔洗涤模式,因为这种布料很容易褪色。 由句中的use可知,要用一般现在时进行客观介绍,fade表示主语性能时要用主动形式表示被动意义,且主语为单数,故填fades。 题型(二) 1.paid off　2.is/was scheduled to be held 能力提升练 Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了“沉没成本谬误”这种心理陷阱,认为应该客观地看待“毅力”和“放弃”。 【高频词汇】　1.reluctant adj.不情愿的　2.get rid of 丢弃;摆脱;去除　3.trap n.陷阱 v.使陷入困境,卡住 4.reveal v.揭露,表明　5.initial adj.最初的　6.investment n.投资　7.ignore v.忽视,不理会　8.emphasize v.强调 【熟词生义】　1.good熟义:adj.好的　生义:adj. (数量)相当大的　2.cloud熟义:n.云朵　生义:v.混淆,搅混(问题) 【差距词汇】　outweigh v.超过,胜过 1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中舍不得丢掉很多年都不穿的旧衣服的例子以及关键句“It occurs when we feel that we have invested too much to quit.(当我们觉得自己投入太多而无法放弃时,就会出现这种情况。)”和“This psychological trap causes us to stick with a plan even if...the benefits.”可知,作者在文章开头描述的现象是:人们不愿意放弃自己已经投入太多的事情。故选C。 类比启发 　　该类文章是现象解释型,结构为“topic—argument—conclusion”。文章的开头是常见问题或生活中的个体事例,进而引出本文话题。 2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段中的分析“This may be due to loss aversion...our decisions often aim to avoid losses instead of seeking the benefits...past commitment.(这可能是由于人们对损失的厌恶,他们更看重损失而不是收益。因此,我们的决定往往力求避免损失,而不是寻求收益……)”可知,54%的参与者选择了密歇根之旅是为了避免更多的损失。故选A。 3.D　细节理解题。第三段前三句提到,当我们让情绪影响我们的决定时,沉没成本谬误就会发生;一旦我们投资了一个选择,如果我们没有坚持到底,我们就会感到内疚或后悔,而没有意识到过去的投资将无法收回;我们的决策基于过去的成本,而忽略了现在和未来的成本和收益。由此可知,当我们在情绪化地坚持已经做出的投资时,沉没成本谬误就会发生。故选D。 4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“No one can deny the fact that we benefit a lot from perseverance...But only you know the right path for you.(没有人能否认我们从毅力中获益良多……但只有你自己知道哪条路适合你)”可知,作者给出了毅力好的方面和欠缺的方面,由此可知作者认为应该客观地看待“毅力”。A.支持的;B.客观的;C.批评的;D.不清楚的。故选B。 Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了取得成功所需的正确心态。 【高频词汇】　1.crucial adj.关键的,至关重要的 2.conquer v.克服　3.discourage v.使气馁;阻止 4.potential adj.潜在的 n.潜力　5.enterprise n.规划,事业;公司;创业精神　6.humble adj.谦逊的 humility n.谦逊　7.from scratch从头开始　8.element n.要素;基本原理 【差距词汇】　1.high-achiever n.高成就者 2.unwavering adj.坚定的;毫不动摇的 1.D　过渡句。设空处上文提到高成就者通常拥有独特的思维方式。他们似乎相信自己能战胜任何迎面而来的挑战,描述了高成就者的思维特点,D项(但究竟是什么要素促成了他们的成功呢?)承接上文的高成就者话题,并引出下文基于Quinlan的经历对促成成功的要素的探讨,承上启下,符合语境,其中的their指代high-achievers。故选D。 2.F　细节句。设空处上文“This self-confidence gives them the initial push to start any tasks. (这种自信给了他们开始任何任务的最初动力。)”强调了自信的好处,F项(然而,他们的自信并不会导致过度自信。)与上文话题一致,且和下文“They are well-aware of potential difficulties. (他们很清楚潜在的困难。)”逻辑关系紧密。故选F。 方法归纳 　　除了关注内容的一致性,还可通过逻辑关系来解题。常见的逻辑关系有并列或递进,转折、对比或让步,因果/果因,选择等。表示转折的词有but、yet、while、nevertheless、however等。 3.G　细节句。本段小标题为“The Power of Self-Confidence (自信的力量)”,G项(这种自信驱使他们去尝试看似不可能的任务。)与本段话题一致,且和空后“It serves as the foundation of their approach to any new enterprise.(它充当他们应对任何新事业的方法的基础。)”话题一致,都阐述了自信的重要作用,空后的It指代G项中的“This confidence”。故选G。 学科思维 　　英语文章中,指代出现的频率很高,如代词可以指代前面提及的名词(短语)或句子,名词指代前面的观点等。做题时可以借助这一线索,结合指代关系、指代内容和代词、名词的单复数等迅速解题。 4.B　主旨句。设空处下文“Despite their self-confidence, successful people are humble enough to recognize their limitations. (尽管他们很自信,但成功人士足够谦逊,能够认识到自己的局限性。)”点明了成功人士谦逊的特点,B项(拥抱谦逊)作为小标题,准确概括了这一部分的内容。故选B。 5.E　细节句。设空处上文提到了“当她加入一个作家小组时,尽管她经营过一家广告公司,但她意识到自己可以向那些成功出版过书籍的作家学习”,属于成功人士谦逊学习的例子。E项(这种谦逊帮助他们获得他们缺乏的知识和技能。)和前文话题一致,且总结了谦逊的作用,逻辑连贯。故选E。 Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 “我”原本是一个做事急于求成的人,这使“我”身心俱疲且情感淡漠。但在参加马拉松训练受伤后,“我”从一位老园丁那里学到了做事不能急于求成的道理,进而改变了自己的生活态度。 【高频词汇】　1.(be) obsessed with 痴迷于　2.ignore v.忽视,不理会　3.unconsciously adv.不知不觉地 4.recovery n.恢复　5.whisper v.& n.低语　6.pick up 拿起;(开车)接人;取回(某物);好转 1.A　根据上文 “I was born with a mind that raced faster than my heartbeat.”和下文“to the last page”可推知,此处指“我”阅读小说时因为心急总是直接跳到最后一页。skip ahead跳到前面。故选A。 2.A　根据上文“to the last page”可知,“我”在阅读旅程开始之前想知道的是结果。outcome结果;plot情节;mystery奥秘;beginning开始。故选A。 3.C　这里将“run fast”与“jog”进行对比,体现“我”追求快速的态度。rest休息;escape逃跑;jog慢跑;complain抱怨。故选C。 4.B　根据下文“emotionally distant”可知,这种总是追求快速的态度带来的是负面效果,因此“精神疲惫”符合语境。refreshed使人精力充沛的;exhausted疲惫不堪的;focused专注的;amused被逗乐的。故选B。 5.D　根据上文“Longing for standing out”和下文“By the third week, my knees felt...,my bandaged leg”可知,“我”急于求成,因此“不顾一切地将跑步距离增加了一倍”符合语境。wisely明智地;gradually逐渐地;occasionally偶尔;desperately不顾一切地。故选D。 6.B　根据下文“but I ignored it”和“One rainy morning, I fell down unconsciously mid-run.”可知,“我”的膝盖出了问题,应该是疼痛的。flexible灵活的;painful疼痛的;solid固体的;steady稳定的。故选B。 7.C　根据上文“Your body isn􀆳t a machine”可知,医生是在强调身体有其自身的规律和节奏。design设计;limit限制;pace节奏;custom习俗。故选C。 8.D　根据文章首句可知,“我”之前急于求成的态度没有顺应生活的节奏,就像是在和生活对抗。weaken削弱,减弱;waste浪费;enjoy享受;fight斗争。故选D。 9.C　根据下文“Why not trim them all at once?”以及“Good things take time”可知,老园丁做事不着急,有耐心。randomly随意地;roughly粗略地;patiently耐心地;abnormally 不正常地。故选C。 10.A　结合语境以及常识可推知,此处指老园丁的话是在告诉“我”,美好的事物需要时间,不能急于求成,就像不能匆忙地对待日落一样。rush仓促行事;wait等待;describe描述;watch观看。故选A。 11.D　根据上文“I began observed how dewdrops”和下文“on petals at dawn”可知,这里描述露珠在花瓣上的状态,应该是闪耀着光芒。fade褪色;dry变干;freeze冻结;shine闪耀。故选D。 12.B　根据文章首句可知,“我”以前总是急于求成,没有留意过这些美好的事物。record记录;notice注意到;anticipate期待;possess拥有。故选B。 13.C　由下文“hard-working struggles”可知,渔夫在面对困难时仍坚持,因此他的希望是坚定的。urgent紧急的;reliable可靠的;stubborn倔强的;absurd荒谬的。故选C。 14.A　根据“tears”可知,泪水会使脸颊湿润。wet使湿润;warm使温暖;color染色;wrap包,裹。故选A。 15.B　根据后面的“not rushed”可知,生活像艺术一样需要被珍视,而不是被仓促对待。exhibit展览;cherish珍视;criticize批评;preserve保存。故选B。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $