专题10 连词和状语从句（复习讲义）（重庆专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题10 连词和状语从句 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 ★ 考点一 并列连词 3 ★ 考点二 状语从句 6 04 优题精选·练能提分 10 词性 情况 课程分析 状语从句 考情剖析 分值与题型：每年稳定 1–3 分，集中在语法选择、完形填空、概要补全、完成句子等。 核心地位：连词+状语从句是语法必考点，侧重语境运用，淡化纯规则记忆。 命题趋势：2026延续语境化、综合化，常与时态、逻辑判断结合考查。 命题预测 1. 高频考点（必考） 时间状语从句：when/while/as、主将从现、not…until 条件状语从句：if/unless、主将从现 让步状语从句：though/although（不与but连用） 并列连词：and/but/or/so（祈使句+and/or必考） 2. 易错预测：so…that/such…that结构；when/while区别；because不与so连用。 3. 趋势：重语境逻辑，轻死记规则，常结合时态、短文语篇考查。 解题锦囊 1.三步秒杀法： ①定逻辑：时间/条件/让步/因果/转折②选连词：匹配对应连接词③验规则：主将从现、不连用、结构正确 2. 黄金规则（必背） • 主将从现：主句将来/祈使/情态，从句用一般现在 • 两不连用：though/although≠but；because≠so • while+进行/延续；when+点动/段动均可 • unless=if…not 直接替换 3. 秒判秒排 • so+adj./adv；so+adj.+a/an+n. • such+a/an+adj.+n.；such+adj.+不可数/复数 • so that=目的；so…that=结果 • 出现though+but、because+so → 直接排除 • 条件/时间从句用will → 直接排除 • 结构明显错误 → 直接排除 4. 句子技巧—看前后句意 • 顺承→and；转折→but；否则→or；因果→so • 完整句子用连词，短语用介词（because≠because of） 考点一 并列连词 （一）并列句和并列连词 用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句组成的句子叫作并列句 。其构成为：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句。 分类： 1. 表并列关系：and, both...and, not only...but also, neither...nor, either...or...等。 2. 表选择关系：or, either...or...等。 3. 表示转折关系：but, however, while（然而）等。 （二）就近原则 当①neither...nor...；②either...or...；③not only...but also...并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。 e.g.1. Either you or she is (be) wrong.You'd better check it again. 2. Neither the teacher nor the students like (like) this song. 3. Not only you but also your father is (be) coming tomorrow. （三）句型转换 1. 同义句：or, and, if 和 unless 之间的转换 e.g. 努力学习你就会实现你的目标。 Work hard, and you will achieve your goals. = Work hard, or you won't achieve your goals. = If you don't study hard, you won't achieve your goals. = Unless you study hard, you will achieve your goals. 2. 否定句：and 变成 or；both...and... 变为 neither...nor... e.g.(1) I like running and swimming.（变否定） I don't like running or swimming. (2) Both his parents and he like walking after dinner.（变否定） Neither his parents nor he likes walking after dinner. （四）半倒装 当 not only...but also...并列句子，not only 位于句首时，not only 后的句子半倒装。 e.g. 他不仅喜欢读书也喜欢听音乐。 Not only does he like reading, but he also likes listening to music. （五）注意： ▲▲▲不能同时出现在一个句子中的连词 (1) because（因为），so（所以）不能同时出现在一个句子里，只能用其一。 Because he was tired , he couldn’t walk there . = He was tired , so he couldn’t walk there . 因为他累了，所以他不能走到那儿。 (2) although/though（虽然），but（但是）不能同时出现在一个句子里，只能用其一。但although/though和yet/still可以同时出现在一个句子里。 Though he was tired , he still worked hard.= He was tired , but he still worked hard. 虽然他累了，但他仍然努力工作。 ▲▲▲and和or用于否定句中的用法 (1) 当列举成分是主语，又在否定词之前时，用and连接；当列举成分在否定词之后时，用or构成完全否定。 I can’t sing or dance . 我不会唱歌，也不会跳舞。 Lucy and Lily can’t speak Chinese .露西和莉莉都不会说汉语。 (2) 在否定句中，如果所连接的两部分都有否定词，那么用and , 而不用or。 There is no water and no air on the moon.月球上没有水，也没有空气。 (3) 在否定句中，without 之后若有列举成分，则 用and 连接，构成完全否定；在肯定句中，without之后的列举成分要用 or 连接才能构成完全否定。 Man can’t live without air and water.= Man will die without air or water. 没有空气和水，人类就不能生存。 一、单项选择 1. 【2025年四川成都中考真题】Hurry up, ___ you’ll miss the train. A. and B. or C. but D. so 2. 【2025年湖北武汉中考真题】He was late for school ___ it rained heavily. A. because B. though C. if D. unless 3. 【2025年江苏苏州中考真题】___ Tom is young, he knows a lot. A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. If 4. 【2025年广东广州中考真题】I’ll call you ___ I get to Beijing. A. as soon as B. until C. before D. though 5.【2025年浙江杭州中考真题】You won’t pass the exam ___ you work hard. A. Because B.Unless C.Although D. If 6. 【2025年湖南长沙中考真题】It was ___ dark that we couldn’t see anything. A. too B. very C. so D. such 7. 【2025年山东济南中考真题】She likes dancing ___ her sister likes singing. A. when B. while C. after D. since 8. 【2025年重庆中考真题】Get up early, ___ you can catch the first bus. A. so B. or C. and D. but 9. 【2025年北京中考真题】___ you work hard, you will make progress. A. As long as B. So that C. Even if D. Though 10. 【2025年上海中考真题】He didn’t go to bed ___ he finished his homework. A. until B. when C. while D. after 二、完成句子 11. 【2025年深圳中考真题】如果你不努力，就实现不了梦想。 You won’t realize your dream ____ you work hard. 12. 【2025年天津中考真题】他如此激动以至于说不出话。 He was ____ excited ____ he couldn’t speak. 13. 【2025年南京中考真题】虽然他很累，但他仍然坚持工作。 ____ he was tired, he still kept working. 14. 【2025年青岛中考真题】一到北京我就给你打电话。 I’ll call you ____ ____ ____ I get to Beijing. 15. 【2025年重庆中考真题】快点，否则你会迟到。 Hurry up, ____ you’ll be late. 16. 【2025年西安中考真题】他起得很早，以便赶上早班车。 He got up early ____ ____ he could catch the early bus. 17. 【2025年郑州中考真题】我爱英语，因为它很有趣。 I love English ____ it’s very interesting. 18. 【2025年合肥中考真题】他和我都不是医生。 ____ he ____ I am a doctor. 考点二 状语从句 状语从句 状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等，状语从句由从属连词引导，与主句连接，位于句首时，常用逗号与主句分开，位于句末时，其前一般不用逗号 。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句等。 （一）时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的从属连词有：when、while、as、before、after、until、till、since、as soon as 等。特别注意：在时间状语从句中要用一般现在时代替将来时。 1. when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句 (1) when 意为“当……的时候”，既可表示某个具体的时间点，也能表示一段持续的时间段；其后所接的动词既可以是短暂性动词，也可以是延续性动词。 例：He stopped walking when the light turned red. 当红灯亮起时，他停了下来。 (2) while 意为“当……时”，强调时间段，从句谓语需为延续性动词，常用进行时态。 例：He was watching TV while his mom was cooking. 他在看电视，他母亲在做饭。 (3) as 可跟短暂性/延续性动词，意为“当……时”或“随着”。 例：As time went on, I studied more and more new words. 随着时间的推移，我学到的生词也越来越多。 2. until/till 引导的时间状语从句 until 意为“直到……”，表示某个动作或状态一直持续到……为止。 例：We must wait until they come back. 我们必须等到他们回来。 3. since 引导的时间状语从句 since 意为“自从……以来”，从句常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 例：I have lived in Chongqing since I came to China. 自从我来到中国，就一直住在重庆。 4. as soon as 引导的时间状语从句 as soon as 意为“一……就……”。 例：He will call you as soon as he comes to Chongqing. 他一到重庆就会给你打电话的。 5. before 引导的时间状语从句 before 意为“在……之前”，也可和情态动词 can 连用，表示“还未来得及……就……”。 例：Before I could say anything, he rushed out of the room. 我还没来得及说话，他就从屋子里冲了出去。 （二）条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的从属连词有 if（如果）、unless（除非，相当于 if... not）、as long as（只要）。从句常用一般现在时代替将来时。 • 基础例句：We'll visit the park if it doesn't rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。 • 核心转换：unless 与 if... not 的同义句互换。 例：He won't go to sleep unless you tell him a story.= He won't go to sleep if you don't tell him a story. 要是你不给他讲故事他就不睡觉。 （三）让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的从属连词有：though、although、even if、even though、whether... or...、no matter what/when/how（或“疑问词+ever”）等。 1.although 与 though：引导让步状语从句，不能再与并列连词 but 连用，但可以与副词 yet、still 连用。例：①Although it's raining, they are still working in the field. 虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。 ②Although they are poor, yet they are warm-hearted. 他们虽然贫穷，但是很热心。 2. even if、even though：引导让步状语从句，意为“即使”。 例：We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad. 即使天气不好，我们也要去旅行。 3. whether... or...：引导让步状语从句，意为“不管……（还是……）”；与 either... or...（要么……要么……）不能互换。 例：Whether we're successful or not, we can be sure that we did our best. 不管成功与否，我们都可以确定已尽了最大努力。 4. no matter 引导：意为“无论……；不管……”。 (1) 结构：“no matter + who/what/when/where/why/how”，分别对应“无论谁/什么/何时/何地/为什么/怎样”。例：No matter how hard it is, we'll keep trying. 不管有多难，我们都会继续努力。 （注：语序为 no matter how+adj./adv.+主谓） （2）区别：“no matter + 疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句；而“whoever/whatever/whichever”等除了引导让步状语从句，还可引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句等）。 例：①Whoever comes will be welcome.（引导主语从句，不可用 no matter who） ②No matter who comes, he will be welcome.（引导让步状语从句，可换为 Whoever） （四）原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的从属连词通常有 because（因为）、as（由于）、since（既然）。 1.because：语气最强，表示原因；回答 why 引导的疑问句必须用 because；且 because 和 so 不能同时使用。 例：—Why were you late for school? 你为什么上学迟到？ —Because I missed the school bus. 因为我没赶上校车。 2. since：语气较弱，表示大家都明了的原因；as 语气最弱，只是附带说明一下主句的结果是由从句引起的。例：①Since everyone is here, let's begin. 既然大家都到了，咱们开始吧。 ②As she was not well, I went there alone. 她身体不好，所以我单独去了。 （五）结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的从属连词或词组有：so that、so... that...、such... that...。 1. so that：除了引导目的状语从句（意为“为了……”），还可引导结果状语从句，意为“以至于……”。例：She sat behind me so that I couldn't see the expression on her face. 她坐在我身后，所以我看不见她脸上的表情。 2. so+形容词/副词+that 从句：意为“如此……以至于……”，常与“not... enough to do...”和“too... to do...”结构互换。 例：The girl is so young that she can't look after herself. = The girl is not old enough to look after herself. = The girl is too young to look after herself. 那个女孩太小了，还不能照顾自己。 3. such+(a/an)+形容词+名词+that 从句：有时可与“so+形容词+that 从句”互换。 例：He is such a young boy that he can't drive a car.= The boy is so young that he can't drive a car. 这个男孩太小了，还不能自己开车。 注： ①当名词前有 many、much、few、little 等词修饰，且表示数量时，只能用 so... that...。 例：There was so much work to do that everyone got bored. 有如此多的工作要做，以至于每个人都厌烦了。 ②名词为不可数或复数形式时，不用冠词。 （六）目的状语从句 1. 引导词：so that、in order that；从句谓语动词常有 may、might、can、could、will、would 等情态动词。例：You must get up early so that you can catch the first bus. 你必须早点起床，以便赶上第一班公交车。 2. 句式转换：当从句与主句主语一致时，状语从句可用“in order+动词不定式”替换，从而将复合句转换成简单句。 例：He worked day and night so that he could get more money.= He worked day and night in order to get more money. 他没日没夜地工作，只为赚更多的钱。 （七）比较状语从句 比较状语从句常用从属连词 as... as...（和……一样……）、not as/so... as...（不如……）、than（比……）引导，从句中常省略与主句相同的部分。 例：①He is taller than me. 他比我高。②He runs as fast as Peter. 他跑得和彼得一样快。 1、 单项选择 1. 【2025年重庆中考真题】I was reading a book ___ my brother came back. A. when B. since C. unless D. though 2. 【2025年重庆中考真题】We will go camping ___ it doesn’t rain tomorrow. A. if B. although C. so D. because 3. 【2025年四川成都中考真题】___ he is very young, he can play the piano very well. A. Because B. Although C. If D. Unless 4. 【2025年广东中考真题】He didn’t go to bed ___ he finished his homework. A. until B. if C. because D. when 5. 【2025年浙江杭州中考真题】You will fall behind ___ you study hard. A. if B. unless C. though D. because 6. 【2025年江苏南京中考真题】She got up early ___ she could catch the first bus. A. so that B. in order to C. too to D. such that 7. 【2025年山东济南中考真题】I haven’t seen him ___ he left school. A. when B. since C. while D. after 8. 【2025年湖北武汉中考真题】It was ___ hot that we didn’t want to go out. A. very B. quite C. so D. such 9. 【2025年湖南长沙中考真题】My mother was cooking ___ I got home. A. while B. when C. since D. though 10. 【2025年北京中考真题】___ you work hard, you will get good grades. A. As long as B. So that C. Even if D. Before 二、完成句子 11. 【2025年天津中考真题】直到妈妈回来，他才去睡觉。 He ___ go to bed ___ his mother came back. 12. 【2025年深圳中考真题】如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。 We will go to the park ___ it ___ rain tomorrow. 13. 【2025年青岛中考真题】虽然他很累，但他继续工作。 ___ he was tired, he went on working. 14. 【2025年郑州中考真题】他起得很早，为了赶上早班车。 He got up early ___ ___ he could catch the early bus. 15. 【2025年西安中考真题】天气如此好，我们想去散步。 It is ___ fine ___ we want to take a walk. 一、完形填空 根据短文内容，从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案。   Do you know the young man in this photo? He is not like any other normal people. He looks a little ____1__. But to our surprise, he is a doctor in Lanzhou University. His name is Xie Yanting. He was born in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, in 1992. His parents were happy with this baby, so they gave him a beautiful name—Yanting. ____2____, when he was eleven months old, he was diagnosed (诊断) as Cerebral Palsy(脑瘫). His parents were shocked by this news but never ____3____. Slowly, his parents found that Yanting had great interest in study. So his mother _____4___ to give up her job and teach Yanting at home by herself. When it was time for Yanting to get into high school, she was not able to teach him. She invited a teacher ____5____ him the knowledge in high school, and she chose to make money with his father. ____6____, his father died when Yanting was seventeen years old. His mother was ____7____ strong that she continued to raise Yanting alone. Because of Yanting’s ____8____, many universities refused him. Luckily, ____9____ the help of the headmaster of Lanzhou University, he got the ____10____ to study in the university. During his study in Lanzhou University, he tried his best to study and wrote two SCI papers. He told the reporter, “ I want to be like Stephen William Hawking in the future, and be famous in math even though I am disabled. ” 1. A. difficult B. independent C. different D. quick 2. A. However B. But C. Whatever D. Whenever 3. A. gave away B. gave up C. gave out D. gave off 4. A. offered B. realized C. refused D. decided 5. A. to teach B. taught C. teach D. teaching 6. A. Lucky B. Unlucky C. Unluckily D. Luckily 7. A. so B. such C. quite D. very 8. A. sadness B. unhappiness C. illness D. fairness 9. A. for B. with C. to D. in 10. A. interest B. relation C. communication D. chance 二、阅读理解 A The man walked alone in the frozen Yukon wilderness. It was bitterly cold, seventy-five degrees below zero. An old miner had told him never to travel alone when it was colder than fifty below. But the man thought the old man was weak and afraid. He was strong, and he knew he could make it. His only companion (同伴) was a big native husky dog. The dog followed him, but it knew this weather was too cold for travel. In its brain, there was a sharp understanding: such extreme cold meant danger. The man’s plan was to meet his friends at an old camp by six o’clock. He had to keep moving. Then, an accident happened. He stepped into a hidden spring under the snow. Water got his feet and legs wet up to the knees. He must build a fire quickly, or his feet would freeze. He found a group of small trees and gathered dry twigs and grass. His fingers felt like ice, but he managed to light a match. A small flame (火焰) grew. He carefully added more twigs. For a moment, he felt safe. But then, a pile of snow fell from a branch above—right onto the fire. The flame died with a hiss, leaving only blackened wood and smoke. He must build a second fire, and fast. But his hands were now stiff and useless. He could hardly hold the matches. He tried to light a whole box at once, but his frozen fingers dropped them into the snow. Fear, real fear, hit him for the first time. He looked at the dog. The dog was watching him, waiting. The man had a sudden wild idea: he would kill the dog and put his hands inside its warm body to save them. He called to the dog. But in his voice the dog heard a strange danger. It backed away and would not come. The man was truly alone. He stood up and decided to run to the camp. Maybe he could make it by running. But his feet were blocks of ice. He fell, got up, and fell again. Each time, it was harder to rise. Finally, he sat down in the snow, very tired. He was not in pain anymore. He just felt sleepy. The dog sat a distance away, still watching. It knew: when a man sat down in such cold and did not get up, it meant the end. The dog waited a little longer. Then it turned and trotted away toward the camp, where it knew there was other food and fire providers. —Adapted from To Build a Fire by Jack London 11. How was the dog’s understanding of the cold different from the man’s? A. The dog thought it was a good day for travel. B. The dog knew the extreme cold was dangerous. C. The dog believed the man could save them both. D. The dog was not as strong as the man. 12. What’s the right order of the story? A. b-a-c-d B. b-a-d-c C. c-b-a-d D. c-a-d-b 13. Which words best describe the man’s character? A. Strict but caring. B. Honest and responsible. C. Warm-hearted and energetic. D. Confident but careless. 14. What can be mainly learned from the man’s failure? A. Dogs are better survivors than humans. B. Never travel alone in winter. C. Preparation and respect for nature are important. D. Fire is the most important tool for survival. B Unitree Robotics, a company based in Hangzhou, returned to the CCTV Spring Festival Gala for the third year in a row as an official partner. Its performance made a new breakthrough for human-like robots in an area that was only for human athletes before, mixing ancient Chinese fighting arts with the careful engineering of modern sports cars. The wonderful show started with a long fighting arts performance by hundreds of Unitree G1 human-like robots. They are not common robots. With swords, poles and nun-chucks (刀剑、棍棒和双节棍), they did complex fighting moves and moved perfectly together with children on stage. What surprised people most was their exact body control, even when they used these dangerous tools. The robots also did amazing back-flips (后空翻) and jumps, some even jumping from trampolines (弹簧垫). They dealt with the fast direction changes and balance recovery (恢复平衡) easily. This year’s show was much better than last year’s, when only 16 Unitree robots danced with performers and waved handkerchiefs (手帕) at the same time. The G1, 130cm tall and 35kg heavy, met all the performance challenges well. It’s all because of its great technical improvement in joint movement, turning power and quick motion control, which lets it finish difficult actions that common robots can’t do. This made it the world’s first fully self-acting human-like robot group to perform kung fu, amazing the audience with fast moves. Besides the main stage in Beijing, Unitree also shone on the second stage in Yiwu. Its taller H2 human-like robot dressed as the Monkey King in beautiful clothes, standing on a “somersault cloud” made by B2W four-legged robots and sending New Year wishes from above. It was a great show with traditional Chinese legend (传说). Four robot companies appeared in the show, but Unitree’s performance was far better than the others, showing the great development of China’s human-like robot industry on the national live broadcast. 15. What can we learn about the Unitree G1 robots from the passage? A. They are 130cm tall, with a newly designed appearance. B. They performed slow kung fu moves with common tools in the show. C. They could keep in perfect step with the child performers on stage. D. They finished all the difficult moves only with the help of trampolines. 16. Which of the following is right according to the passage? A. Unitree Robotics is a Beijing-based high-tech company that focuses on human-like robots. B. The G1 robots’ kung fu show was completed by fewer than 100 robots together. C. The great technical progress makes it possible for G1 to finish difficult kung fu moves. D. The H2 robot’s show in Yiwu was performed together with the child performers on the main stage. 17. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2 ③=Paragraph 3 ④=Paragraph 4) A. ①→②→③→④ B. ①/②③/④ C. ①②/③/④ D. ①/②/③④ 18. What’s the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce the 30-year development history of Unitree Robotics. B. To tell readers about Unitree’s wonderful robot shows on the Spring Festival Gala. C. To compare the technical advantages of G1, H2 and B2W robots in detail. D. To teach readers how to improve humanoid robots’ movement control ability. 三、看图完成句子。 根据所给图片及提示完成句子。 19. The rabbit said the tortoise ________ run as fast as him _________. 20. The rabbit ___________ to win the competition by all the animals. 21. The rabbit _____________ because of his pride. 22. The tortoise was about to win, and the rabbit was trying ___________ up with him. 23. ______________________________________________.（连词成句） 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题10 连词和状语从句 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 2 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 ★ 考点一 并列连词 3 ★ 考点二 状语从句 7 04 优题精选·练能提分 13 词性 情况 课程分析 状语从句 考情剖析 分值与题型：每年稳定 1–3 分，集中在语法选择、完形填空、概要补全、完成句子等。 核心地位：连词+状语从句是语法必考点，侧重语境运用，淡化纯规则记忆。 命题趋势：2026延续语境化、综合化，常与时态、逻辑判断结合考查。 命题预测 1. 高频考点（必考） 时间状语从句：when/while/as、主将从现、not…until 条件状语从句：if/unless、主将从现 让步状语从句：though/although（不与but连用） 并列连词：and/but/or/so（祈使句+and/or必考） 2. 易错预测：so…that/such…that结构；when/while区别；because不与so连用。 3. 趋势：重语境逻辑，轻死记规则，常结合时态、短文语篇考查。 解题锦囊 1.三步秒杀法： ①定逻辑：时间/条件/让步/因果/转折②选连词：匹配对应连接词③验规则：主将从现、不连用、结构正确 2. 黄金规则（必背） • 主将从现：主句将来/祈使/情态，从句用一般现在 • 两不连用：though/although≠but；because≠so • while+进行/延续；when+点动/段动均可 • unless=if…not 直接替换 3. 秒判秒排 • so+adj./adv；so+adj.+a/an+n. • such+a/an+adj.+n.；such+adj.+不可数/复数 • so that=目的；so…that=结果 • 出现though+but、because+so → 直接排除 • 条件/时间从句用will → 直接排除 • 结构明显错误 → 直接排除 4. 句子技巧—看前后句意 • 顺承→and；转折→but；否则→or；因果→so • 完整句子用连词，短语用介词（because≠because of） 考点一 并列连词 （一）并列句和并列连词 用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句组成的句子叫作并列句 。其构成为：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句。 分类： 1. 表并列关系：and, both...and, not only...but also, neither...nor, either...or...等。 2. 表选择关系：or, either...or...等。 3. 表示转折关系：but, however, while（然而）等。 （二）就近原则 当①neither...nor...；②either...or...；③not only...but also...并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。 e.g.1. Either you or she is (be) wrong.You'd better check it again. 2. Neither the teacher nor the students like (like) this song. 3. Not only you but also your father is (be) coming tomorrow. （三）句型转换 1. 同义句：or, and, if 和 unless 之间的转换 e.g. 努力学习你就会实现你的目标。 Work hard, and you will achieve your goals. = Work hard, or you won't achieve your goals. = If you don't study hard, you won't achieve your goals. = Unless you study hard, you will achieve your goals. 2. 否定句：and 变成 or；both...and... 变为 neither...nor... e.g.(1) I like running and swimming.（变否定） I don't like running or swimming. (2) Both his parents and he like walking after dinner.（变否定） Neither his parents nor he likes walking after dinner. （四）半倒装 当 not only...but also...并列句子，not only 位于句首时，not only 后的句子半倒装。 e.g. 他不仅喜欢读书也喜欢听音乐。 Not only does he like reading, but he also likes listening to music. （五）注意： ▲▲▲不能同时出现在一个句子中的连词 (1) because（因为），so（所以）不能同时出现在一个句子里，只能用其一。 Because he was tired , he couldn’t walk there . = He was tired , so he couldn’t walk there . 因为他累了，所以他不能走到那儿。 (2) although/though（虽然），but（但是）不能同时出现在一个句子里，只能用其一。但although/though和yet/still可以同时出现在一个句子里。 Though he was tired , he still worked hard.= He was tired , but he still worked hard. 虽然他累了，但他仍然努力工作。 ▲▲▲and和or用于否定句中的用法 (1) 当列举成分是主语，又在否定词之前时，用and连接；当列举成分在否定词之后时，用or构成完全否定。 I can’t sing or dance . 我不会唱歌，也不会跳舞。 Lucy and Lily can’t speak Chinese .露西和莉莉都不会说汉语。 (2) 在否定句中，如果所连接的两部分都有否定词，那么用and , 而不用or。 There is no water and no air on the moon.月球上没有水，也没有空气。 (3) 在否定句中，without 之后若有列举成分，则 用and 连接，构成完全否定；在肯定句中，without之后的列举成分要用 or 连接才能构成完全否定。 Man can’t live without air and water.= Man will die without air or water. 没有空气和水，人类就不能生存。 一、单项选择 1. 【2025年四川成都中考真题】Hurry up, ___ you’ll miss the train. A. and B. or C. but D. so 【答案】B 【解析】祈使句+or+陈述句，or表示“否则”，符合句意。 2. 【2025年湖北武汉中考真题】He was late for school ___ it rained heavily. A. because B. though C. if D. unless 【答案】A 【解析】前后为因果关系，because引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”。 3. 【2025年江苏苏州中考真题】___ Tom is young, he knows a lot. A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. If 【答案】B 【解析】前后为让步关系，although表示“虽然”，不能与but连用。 4. 【2025年广东广州中考真题】I’ll call you ___ I get to Beijing. A. as soon as B. until C. before D. though 【答案】A 【解析】as soon as表示“一……就”，引导时间状语从句，遵循主将从现。 5.【2025年浙江杭州中考真题】You won’t pass the exam ___ you work hard. A. Because B.Unless C.Although D. If 【答案】B 【解析】unless=if not，意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句。 6. 【2025年湖南长沙中考真题】It was ___ dark that we couldn’t see anything. A. too B. very C. so D. such 【答案】C 【解析】so+形容词+that从句，表示“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句。 7. 【2025年山东济南中考真题】She likes dancing ___ her sister likes singing. A. when B. while C. after D. since 【答案】B 【解析】while表示对比，意为“而”，用于对比两个人的喜好。 8. 【2025年重庆中考真题】Get up early, ___ you can catch the first bus. A. so B. or C. and D. but 【答案】C 【解析】祈使句+and+陈述句，and表示顺承，意为“那么、就”。 9. 【2025年北京中考真题】___ you work hard, you will make progress. A. As long as B. So that C. Even if D. Though 【答案】A 【解析】as long as表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句。 10. 【2025年上海中考真题】He didn’t go to bed ___ he finished his homework. A. until B. when C. while D. after 【答案】A 【解析】not…until为固定搭配，意为“直到……才”。 二、完成句子 11. 【2025年深圳中考真题】如果你不努力，就实现不了梦想。 You won’t realize your dream ____ you work hard. 【答案】unless 【解析】unless=if not，引导条件状语从句，主句将来，从句现在。 12. 【2025年天津中考真题】他如此激动以至于说不出话。 He was ____ excited ____ he couldn’t speak. 【答案】so; that 【解析】so…that…为固定句型，引导结果状语从句。 13. 【2025年南京中考真题】虽然他很累，但他仍然坚持工作。 ____ he was tired, he still kept working. 【答案】Although/Though 【解析】though/although引导让步状语从句，不与but连用。 14. 【2025年青岛中考真题】一到北京我就给你打电话。 I’ll call you ____ ____ ____ I get to Beijing. 【答案】as soon as 【解析】as soon as引导时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则。 15. 【2025年重庆中考真题】快点，否则你会迟到。 Hurry up, ____ you’ll be late. 【答案】or 【解析】祈使句+or+陈述句，or表示“否则”。 16. 【2025年西安中考真题】他起得很早，以便赶上早班车。 He got up early ____ ____ he could catch the early bus. 【答案】so that 【解析】so that引导目的状语从句，表示“为了、以便”。 17. 【2025年郑州中考真题】我爱英语，因为它很有趣。 I love English ____ it’s very interesting. 【答案】because 【解析】because引导原因状语从句，直接说明原因。 18. 【2025年合肥中考真题】他和我都不是医生。 ____ he ____ I am a doctor. 【答案】Neither; nor 【解析】neither…nor…表示“既不……也不”，谓语动词就近一致。 考点二 状语从句 状语从句 状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等，状语从句由从属连词引导，与主句连接，位于句首时，常用逗号与主句分开，位于句末时，其前一般不用逗号 。状语从句根据其用途可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句等。 （一）时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的从属连词有：when、while、as、before、after、until、till、since、as soon as 等。特别注意：在时间状语从句中要用一般现在时代替将来时。 1. when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句 (1) when 意为“当……的时候”，既可表示某个具体的时间点，也能表示一段持续的时间段；其后所接的动词既可以是短暂性动词，也可以是延续性动词。 例：He stopped walking when the light turned red. 当红灯亮起时，他停了下来。 (2) while 意为“当……时”，强调时间段，从句谓语需为延续性动词，常用进行时态。 例：He was watching TV while his mom was cooking. 他在看电视，他母亲在做饭。 (3) as 可跟短暂性/延续性动词，意为“当……时”或“随着”。 例：As time went on, I studied more and more new words. 随着时间的推移，我学到的生词也越来越多。 2. until/till 引导的时间状语从句 until 意为“直到……”，表示某个动作或状态一直持续到……为止。 例：We must wait until they come back. 我们必须等到他们回来。 3. since 引导的时间状语从句 since 意为“自从……以来”，从句常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 例：I have lived in Chongqing since I came to China. 自从我来到中国，就一直住在重庆。 4. as soon as 引导的时间状语从句 as soon as 意为“一……就……”。 例：He will call you as soon as he comes to Chongqing. 他一到重庆就会给你打电话的。 5. before 引导的时间状语从句 before 意为“在……之前”，也可和情态动词 can 连用，表示“还未来得及……就……”。 例：Before I could say anything, he rushed out of the room. 我还没来得及说话，他就从屋子里冲了出去。 （二）条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的从属连词有 if（如果）、unless（除非，相当于 if... not）、as long as（只要）。从句常用一般现在时代替将来时。 • 基础例句：We'll visit the park if it doesn't rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。 • 核心转换：unless 与 if... not 的同义句互换。 例：He won't go to sleep unless you tell him a story.= He won't go to sleep if you don't tell him a story. 要是你不给他讲故事他就不睡觉。 （三）让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的从属连词有：though、although、even if、even though、whether... or...、no matter what/when/how（或“疑问词+ever”）等。 1.although 与 though：引导让步状语从句，不能再与并列连词 but 连用，但可以与副词 yet、still 连用。例：①Although it's raining, they are still working in the field. 虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。 ②Although they are poor, yet they are warm-hearted. 他们虽然贫穷，但是很热心。 2. even if、even though：引导让步状语从句，意为“即使”。 例：We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad. 即使天气不好，我们也要去旅行。 3. whether... or...：引导让步状语从句，意为“不管……（还是……）”；与 either... or...（要么……要么……）不能互换。 例：Whether we're successful or not, we can be sure that we did our best. 不管成功与否，我们都可以确定已尽了最大努力。 4. no matter 引导：意为“无论……；不管……”。 (1) 结构：“no matter + who/what/when/where/why/how”，分别对应“无论谁/什么/何时/何地/为什么/怎样”。例：No matter how hard it is, we'll keep trying. 不管有多难，我们都会继续努力。 （注：语序为 no matter how+adj./adv.+主谓） （2）区别：“no matter + 疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句；而“whoever/whatever/whichever”等除了引导让步状语从句，还可引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句等）。 例：①Whoever comes will be welcome.（引导主语从句，不可用 no matter who） ②No matter who comes, he will be welcome.（引导让步状语从句，可换为 Whoever） （四）原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的从属连词通常有 because（因为）、as（由于）、since（既然）。 1.because：语气最强，表示原因；回答 why 引导的疑问句必须用 because；且 because 和 so 不能同时使用。 例：—Why were you late for school? 你为什么上学迟到？ —Because I missed the school bus. 因为我没赶上校车。 2. since：语气较弱，表示大家都明了的原因；as 语气最弱，只是附带说明一下主句的结果是由从句引起的。例：①Since everyone is here, let's begin. 既然大家都到了，咱们开始吧。 ②As she was not well, I went there alone. 她身体不好，所以我单独去了。 （五）结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的从属连词或词组有：so that、so... that...、such... that...。 1. so that：除了引导目的状语从句（意为“为了……”），还可引导结果状语从句，意为“以至于……”。例：She sat behind me so that I couldn't see the expression on her face. 她坐在我身后，所以我看不见她脸上的表情。 2. so+形容词/副词+that 从句：意为“如此……以至于……”，常与“not... enough to do...”和“too... to do...”结构互换。 例：The girl is so young that she can't look after herself. = The girl is not old enough to look after herself. = The girl is too young to look after herself. 那个女孩太小了，还不能照顾自己。 3. such+(a/an)+形容词+名词+that 从句：有时可与“so+形容词+that 从句”互换。 例：He is such a young boy that he can't drive a car.= The boy is so young that he can't drive a car. 这个男孩太小了，还不能自己开车。 注： ①当名词前有 many、much、few、little 等词修饰，且表示数量时，只能用 so... that...。 例：There was so much work to do that everyone got bored. 有如此多的工作要做，以至于每个人都厌烦了。 ②名词为不可数或复数形式时，不用冠词。 （六）目的状语从句 1. 引导词：so that、in order that；从句谓语动词常有 may、might、can、could、will、would 等情态动词。例：You must get up early so that you can catch the first bus. 你必须早点起床，以便赶上第一班公交车。 2. 句式转换：当从句与主句主语一致时，状语从句可用“in order+动词不定式”替换，从而将复合句转换成简单句。 例：He worked day and night so that he could get more money.= He worked day and night in order to get more money. 他没日没夜地工作，只为赚更多的钱。 （七）比较状语从句 比较状语从句常用从属连词 as... as...（和……一样……）、not as/so... as...（不如……）、than（比……）引导，从句中常省略与主句相同的部分。 例：①He is taller than me. 他比我高。②He runs as fast as Peter. 他跑得和彼得一样快。 1、 单项选择 1. 【2025年重庆中考真题】I was reading a book ___ my brother came back. A. when B. since C. unless D. though 【答案】A 【解析】when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，主句过去进行时，从句一般过去时。 2. 【2025年重庆中考真题】We will go camping ___ it doesn’t rain tomorrow. A. if B. although C. so D. because 【答案】A 【解析】if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现规则，意为“如果”。 3. 【2025年四川成都中考真题】___ he is very young, he can play the piano very well. A. Because B. Although C. If D. Unless 【答案】B 【解析】although引导让步状语从句，表“虽然”，不与but连用。 4. 【2025年广东中考真题】He didn’t go to bed ___ he finished his homework. A. until B. if C. because D. when 【答案】A 【解析】not…until为固定结构，引导时间状语从句，意为“直到……才”。 5. 【2025年浙江杭州中考真题】You will fall behind ___ you study hard. A. if B. unless C. though D. because 【答案】B 【解析】unless=if not，引导条件状语从句，意为“除非”。 6. 【2025年江苏南京中考真题】She got up early ___ she could catch the first bus. A. so that B. in order to C. too to D. such that 【答案】A 【解析】so that引导目的状语从句，后接句子，表“为了、以便”。 7. 【2025年山东济南中考真题】I haven’t seen him ___ he left school. A. when B. since C. while D. after 【答案】B 【解析】since引导时间状语从句，常用现在完成时+一般过去时。 8. 【2025年湖北武汉中考真题】It was ___ hot that we didn’t want to go out. A. very B. quite C. so D. such 【答案】C 【解析】so+adj.+that引导结果状语从句，表“如此……以至于”。 9. 【2025年湖南长沙中考真题】My mother was cooking ___ I got home. A. while B. when C. since D. though 【答案】B 【解析】when引导时间状语从句，短暂性动词，主过进从过。 10. 【2025年北京中考真题】___ you work hard, you will get good grades. A. As long as B. So that C. Even if D. Before 【答案】A 【解析】as long as引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。 二、完成句子 11. 【2025年天津中考真题】直到妈妈回来，他才去睡觉。 He ___ go to bed ___ his mother came back. 【答案】didn’t; until 【解析】not…until固定句型，时间状语从句，时态为一般过去时。 12. 【2025年深圳中考真题】如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。 We will go to the park ___ it ___ rain tomorrow. 【答案】if; doesn’t 【解析】if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现。 13. 【2025年青岛中考真题】虽然他很累，但他继续工作。 ___ he was tired, he went on working. 【答案】Although/Though 【解析】让步状语从句，不能和but同时出现。 14. 【2025年郑州中考真题】他起得很早，为了赶上早班车。 He got up early ___ ___ he could catch the early bus. 【答案】so that 【解析】so that引导目的状语从句，后接句子。 15. 【2025年西安中考真题】天气如此好，我们想去散步。 It is ___ fine ___ we want to take a walk. 【答案】so; that 【解析】so+adj.+that引导结果状语从句。 一、完形填空 根据短文内容，从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案。   Do you know the young man in this photo? He is not like any other normal people. He looks a little ____1__. But to our surprise, he is a doctor in Lanzhou University. His name is Xie Yanting. He was born in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, in 1992. His parents were happy with this baby, so they gave him a beautiful name—Yanting. ____2____, when he was eleven months old, he was diagnosed (诊断) as Cerebral Palsy(脑瘫). His parents were shocked by this news but never ____3____. Slowly, his parents found that Yanting had great interest in study. So his mother _____4___ to give up her job and teach Yanting at home by herself. When it was time for Yanting to get into high school, she was not able to teach him. She invited a teacher ____5____ him the knowledge in high school, and she chose to make money with his father. ____6____, his father died when Yanting was seventeen years old. His mother was ____7____ strong that she continued to raise Yanting alone. Because of Yanting’s ____8____, many universities refused him. Luckily, ____9____ the help of the headmaster of Lanzhou University, he got the ____10____ to study in the university. During his study in Lanzhou University, he tried his best to study and wrote two SCI papers. He told the reporter, “ I want to be like Stephen William Hawking in the future, and be famous in math even though I am disabled. ” 1. A. difficult B. independent C. different D. quick 2. A. However B. But C. Whatever D. Whenever 3. A. gave away B. gave up C. gave out D. gave off 4. A. offered B. realized C. refused D. decided 5. A. to teach B. taught C. teach D. teaching 6. A. Lucky B. Unlucky C. Unluckily D. Luckily 7. A. so B. such C. quite D. very 8. A. sadness B. unhappiness C. illness D. fairness 9. A. for B. with C. to D. in 10. A. interest B. relation C. communication D. chance 【答案】1—5 CABDA 6—10 CACBD 【解析】本文主要讲述了谢炎廷虽患有脑瘫，但父母从未放弃，在母亲努力和他自身坚持下，最终在兰州大学校长帮助下获得在大学学习机会并努力取得成果的故事。 1.句意：他看起来有点不一样。difficult困难的；independent独立的；different不同的；quick快速的。根据“He is not like any other normal people.”可知，他和其他正常人不一样，所以看起来有点不同，故选C。 2.句意：然而，当他十一个月大的时候，他被诊断出患有脑瘫。However然而；But但是；Whatever无论什么；Whenever无论何时。根据“His parents were happy with this baby, so they gave him a beautiful name—Yanting.”及“when he was eleven months old, he was diagnosed (诊断) as Cerebral Palsy (脑瘫).”可知，前文说父母给他取了漂亮名字很开心，后文说他被诊断出脑瘫，前后是转折关系，且空后有逗号，所以用However，故选A。 3.句意：他的父母被这个消息震惊了，但从未放弃。gave away赠送；gave up放弃；gave out分发；gave off发出。根据“His parents were shocked by this news but never”可知，父母虽然震惊但从未放弃，故选B。 4.句意：所以他的母亲决定放弃工作，亲自在家教谢炎廷。offered提供；realized意识到；refused拒绝；decided决定。据“to give up her job and teach Yanting at home by herself.”可知，母亲决定放弃工作在家教他，故选D。 5.句意：她邀请了一位老师来教他高中的知识。to teach去教，动词不定式；taught教，过去式；teach教，原形；teaching教，现在分词。根据“invited”可知，invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”，所以这里用to teach，故选A。 6.句意：不幸的是，谢炎廷十七岁时，他的父亲去世了。Lucky幸运的；Unlucky不幸的；Unluckily不幸地；Luckily幸运地。根据“his father died when Yanting was seventeen years old.”可知，父亲去世是不幸的事，空后有逗号，所以用Unluckily，副词修饰整个句子，故选C。 7.句意：他的母亲如此坚强，以至于她继续独自抚养谢炎廷。so如此；such如此；quite相当；very非常。根据“His mother was…strong that she continued to raise Yanting alone.”可知，so...that...“如此……以至于……”，是固定用法，故选A。 8.句意：因为谢炎廷的病，许多大学拒绝了他。sadness悲伤；unhappiness不快乐；illness疾病；fairness公平。根据“many universities refused him”和前文提到他患有脑瘫可知，是因为他的病被拒绝，故选C。 9.句意：幸运的是，在兰州大学校长的帮助下。for为了；with和；to到；in在……里。根据“the help of the headmaster”可知，with the help of“在……的帮助下”，是固定用法，故选B。 10.句意：他得到了在大学学习的机会。interest兴趣；relation关系；communication交流；chance机会。根据“to study in the university”可知，是得到了学习的机会，故选D。 二、阅读理解 A The man walked alone in the frozen Yukon wilderness. It was bitterly cold, seventy-five degrees below zero. An old miner had told him never to travel alone when it was colder than fifty below. But the man thought the old man was weak and afraid. He was strong, and he knew he could make it. His only companion (同伴) was a big native husky dog. The dog followed him, but it knew this weather was too cold for travel. In its brain, there was a sharp understanding: such extreme cold meant danger. The man’s plan was to meet his friends at an old camp by six o’clock. He had to keep moving. Then, an accident happened. He stepped into a hidden spring under the snow. Water got his feet and legs wet up to the knees. He must build a fire quickly, or his feet would freeze. He found a group of small trees and gathered dry twigs and grass. His fingers felt like ice, but he managed to light a match. A small flame (火焰) grew. He carefully added more twigs. For a moment, he felt safe. But then, a pile of snow fell from a branch above—right onto the fire. The flame died with a hiss, leaving only blackened wood and smoke. He must build a second fire, and fast. But his hands were now stiff and useless. He could hardly hold the matches. He tried to light a whole box at once, but his frozen fingers dropped them into the snow. Fear, real fear, hit him for the first time. He looked at the dog. The dog was watching him, waiting. The man had a sudden wild idea: he would kill the dog and put his hands inside its warm body to save them. He called to the dog. But in his voice the dog heard a strange danger. It backed away and would not come. The man was truly alone. He stood up and decided to run to the camp. Maybe he could make it by running. But his feet were blocks of ice. He fell, got up, and fell again. Each time, it was harder to rise. Finally, he sat down in the snow, very tired. He was not in pain anymore. He just felt sleepy. The dog sat a distance away, still watching. It knew: when a man sat down in such cold and did not get up, it meant the end. The dog waited a little longer. Then it turned and trotted away toward the camp, where it knew there was other food and fire providers. —Adapted from To Build a Fire by Jack London 11. How was the dog’s understanding of the cold different from the man’s? A. The dog thought it was a good day for travel. B. The dog knew the extreme cold was dangerous. C. The dog believed the man could save them both. D. The dog was not as strong as the man. 12. What’s the right order of the story? A. b-a-c-d B. b-a-d-c C. c-b-a-d D. c-a-d-b 13. Which words best describe the man’s character? A. Strict but caring. B. Honest and responsible. C. Warm-hearted and energetic. D. Confident but careless. 14. What can be mainly learned from the man’s failure? A. Dogs are better survivors than humans. B. Never travel alone in winter. C. Preparation and respect for nature are important. D. Fire is the most important tool for survival. 【答案】11—14 BBDC 【解析】本文是杰克·伦敦短篇小说《生火》的节选，讲述了一个男人在极度寒冷的育空荒原独自旅行，因轻视自然规律而遭遇意外，最终未能生火自救，被冻死在雪地里的故事。 11.根据文章第二段“The dog followed him, but it knew this weather was too cold for travel. In its brain there was a sharp understanding: such extreme cold meant danger.”可知，狗清楚地知道极度寒冷意味着危险。 12.根据第二段“His only companion (陪伴) was a big native husky dog.”可知，男人和狗在雪地中独行，对应图b；根据第五段“He stepped into a hidden spring under the snow. Water got his feet and legs wet up to the knees”可知，男人掉进了雪下的泉水，弄湿了腿，对应图a；根据第七段“But then, a pile of snow fell from a branch above—right onto the fire.”可知，男人试图生火，但雪把火压灭了，对应图d；根据第十段“He called to the dog. But in his voice, the dog heard a strange danger. It backed away and would not come.”可知，男人想杀狗取暖，狗退缩了，不再靠近。对应图c。所以正确的顺序是b-a-d-c 13.根据文章第一段，男人认为老矿工“was weak and afraid”，而自己“was strong, and he knew he could make it”，说明他非常自信；后来他踏入雪下暗泉、生火时未注意头顶积雪，导致火被扑灭，这些意外都源于他的准备不足和对环境的忽视，说明他也很粗心大意。 14.男人忽视老矿工的忠告，独自在极寒中旅行，结果遭遇意外后无力回天，最终丧命。故事通过他的失败警示读者：必须敬畏自然、做好充分准备，不能盲目自信。 B Unitree Robotics, a company based in Hangzhou, returned to the CCTV Spring Festival Gala for the third year in a row as an official partner. Its performance made a new breakthrough for human-like robots in an area that was only for human athletes before, mixing ancient Chinese fighting arts with the careful engineering of modern sports cars. The wonderful show started with a long fighting arts performance by hundreds of Unitree G1 human-like robots. They are not common robots. With swords, poles and nun-chucks (刀剑、棍棒和双节棍), they did complex fighting moves and moved perfectly together with children on stage. What surprised people most was their exact body control, even when they used these dangerous tools. The robots also did amazing back-flips (后空翻) and jumps, some even jumping from trampolines (弹簧垫). They dealt with the fast direction changes and balance recovery (恢复平衡) easily. This year’s show was much better than last year’s, when only 16 Unitree robots danced with performers and waved handkerchiefs (手帕) at the same time. The G1, 130cm tall and 35kg heavy, met all the performance challenges well. It’s all because of its great technical improvement in joint movement, turning power and quick motion control, which lets it finish difficult actions that common robots can’t do. This made it the world’s first fully self-acting human-like robot group to perform kung fu, amazing the audience with fast moves. Besides the main stage in Beijing, Unitree also shone on the second stage in Yiwu. Its taller H2 human-like robot dressed as the Monkey King in beautiful clothes, standing on a “somersault cloud” made by B2W four-legged robots and sending New Year wishes from above. It was a great show with traditional Chinese legend (传说). Four robot companies appeared in the show, but Unitree’s performance was far better than the others, showing the great development of China’s human-like robot industry on the national live broadcast. 15. What can we learn about the Unitree G1 robots from the passage? A. They are 130cm tall, with a newly designed appearance. B. They performed slow kung fu moves with common tools in the show. C. They could keep in perfect step with the child performers on stage. D. They finished all the difficult moves only with the help of trampolines. 16. Which of the following is right according to the passage? A. Unitree Robotics is a Beijing-based high-tech company that focuses on human-like robots. B. The G1 robots’ kung fu show was completed by fewer than 100 robots together. C. The great technical progress makes it possible for G1 to finish difficult kung fu moves. D. The H2 robot’s show in Yiwu was performed together with the child performers on the main stage. 17. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2 ③=Paragraph 3 ④=Paragraph 4) A. ①→②→③→④ B. ①/②③/④ C. ①②/③/④ D. ①/②/③④ 18. What’s the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce the 30-year development history of Unitree Robotics. B. To tell readers about Unitree’s wonderful robot shows on the Spring Festival Gala. C. To compare the technical advantages of G1, H2 and B2W robots in detail. D. To teach readers how to improve humanoid robots’ movement control ability. 【答案】15—18 CCBB 【解析】本文介绍了宇树科技在央视春晚的机器人表演，展示了G1和H2人形机器人的技术突破，并与往年表演对比，突显了中国机器人产业的进步。 15.细节理解题。根据“they did complex fighting moves and moved perfectly together with children on stage”可知，G1机器人与舞台上的孩子们完美配合。故选C。 16.细节理解题。根据“It’s all because of its great technical improvement in joint movement, turning power and quick motion control, which lets it finish difficult actions that common robots can’t do.”可知，技术上的巨大进步使G1能够完成困难的功夫动作。故选C。 17.篇章结构题。文章第一段总体介绍宇树科技公司的人形机器人连续三年成为央视春晚官方合作伙伴，其表演取得新突破；第二、三段详细描述了宇树G1人形机器人在春晚主舞台的精彩表演；第四段介绍了宇树H2人形机器人在义乌分会场的表演。所以文章结构为①/②③/④。故选B。 18.主旨大意题。全文围绕宇树科技在春晚的机器人表演展开，介绍了其技术突破和精彩表现，因此主要目的是告诉读者宇树在春晚的精彩机器人表演。故选B。 三、看图完成句子。 根据所给图片及提示完成句子。 19. The rabbit said the tortoise ________ run as fast as him _________. 20. The rabbit ___________ to win the competition by all the animals. 21. The rabbit _____________ because of his pride. 22. The tortoise was about to win, and the rabbit was trying ___________ up with him. 23. ______________________________________________.（连词成句） 【答案】19.①. couldn’t ②. could 20. was thought 21. fell asleep 22. to catch 23. Though the tortoise is slow, he finally won the race 【解析】19.根据图片和提示词“run as fast as he”，可知本句应表达为“The rabbit said the tortoise couldn't run as fast as he could”。是宾语从句结构，时态是一般过去时（主句谓语“said”为过去式，从句用相应过去时态），主语是“the rabbit”，谓语是“said”，宾语是省略引导词“that”的宾语从句，“couldn’t”是情态动词“can”的过去式否定形式，“could”承接前文“run”的动作以避免重复。故①填couldn’t，②填could。 20.根据图片和提示词“to win the competition by all the animals”，可知本句应表达为“The rabbit was thought to win the competition by all the animals”。是被动语态结构，时态是一般过去时，主语是“the rabbit”，谓语是“was thought”（被动形式），“to win the competition”作主语补足语，“by all the animals”作动作的执行者。故填was thought。 21.根据图片和提示词“because of his pride”，可知本句应表达为“The rabbit fell asleep because of his pride”。是主谓结构，时态是一般过去时，主语是“the rabbit”，谓语是“fell asleep”（“fall asleep”的过去式，表“入睡”），“because of his pride”作原因状语。故填fell asleep。 22.根据图片和提示词“up with him”，可知本句应表达为“The tortoise was about to win, and the rabbit was trying to catch up with him”。是“try to do sth.”结构，时态是过去进行时，主语是“the rabbit”，谓语是“was trying”，“to catch up with him”作宾语（动词不定式短语），“catch up with”是固定短语表“追上”。故填to catch。 23.根据图片和提示词“the, though, slow, is, tortoise, he, to, was, finally, race”，可知本句应表达为“Though the tortoise is slow, he finally won the race”。是让步状语从句结构，时态是一般现在时（从句）和一般过去时（主句），从句主语是“the tortoise”，谓语是“is”，主句主语是“he”，谓语是“won”，“finally”作副词修饰主句谓语，“the race”作宾语。故填Though the tortoise is slow, he finally won the race。 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $