课时作业04 Unit 2 Extended reading & Project & Assessment（译林版2020高一必修三）2025-2026学年度课堂复习帮

课时作业04 Extended reading & Project & Assessment (Unit 2 Natural disasters) 01 基础练 02 提升练 03 培优练 单词拼写 1. Smile is the shortest ________(距离) between people. 2. After reaching your d________, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. 3. I really like the idea of adding a new ________(专栏) to our English newspaper. 4. Sending people to other planets or even ________(在更远处) the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve. 5. The couple who lived next to us volunteered to help after the volcano ________(喷发). 6. Establishing healthy sleep p________(模式) can be an effective strategy to help improve people’s memory. 7. They continued the search as d________ broke. 8. London is an ancient ________(港口) city that has a history dating back to Roman times. 9. Trading ships bringing imports to the city or carrying ________ overseas, along with golden pleasure boats for the rich, were crowded together in the glassy water of the port. 10. Now it was wildly bright, now of a pale and dying red, and now again it burnt with an ________(难以忍受的) light!) 短语互译 1. ________________呈现……的形状;采取……的形式  2. ________________突然开始,爆发  3. ________________到处,各处   4. ________________和……一起,随同  5. ________________朝着四面八方  6. above all ________________ 7. separate from ________________ 8. in the distance ________________ 9. due to ________________ 10. in the darkness ________________ 完成句子 1. 入乡随俗。 When in Rome, do ________________. 2. 到达目的地之后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。 After ________ ________ ________ you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. 3. 这些俑像只是秦始皇巨大陵墓的一部分，而整座陵墓尚未完全发掘。 The statues fill only part of the emperor’s huge tomb, which still has not ________ ________ ________. 4. 那就是为什么星星出来时我们能看到星星，但灯熄灭时我们却看不到灯光。 That is ________________________________, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible. 5. 学好英语不容易，尽可能多的阅读是必要的。 It’s not easy to learn English well. ________________________________ is necessary. 6. 通常，研究结果以图表、报告的形式呈现。 Generally, the result of a research ________________________________ graphs, charts and reports. 7. 他们撒开网四处物色新的球队教练。 They have spread their net ________ ________ ________ in the search for a new team coach. 8. 如果他们再多行驶几千米的话,他们也许能找到一个更好的旅馆。 They ________________________________ a better hotel if they had driven more kilometers.(might)  9. 迈克环顾四周似乎在找人。 Mike looked around ________________________________.(as if)  10. 农场位于我们学校附近的小山脚下,四周绿树环绕。 Surrounded by green trees, the farm ________________________________ near our school.(locate)  单句语法填空 1. She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the ________(distant) that usually exists between people. 2. Thanks to a new academic project, hundreds of pieces of oracle bones(甲骨文) that have been kept in the warehouse of a top university in Jiangsu province now have the chance to be decoded more than one century after ________(unearth). 3. My friend warned me the street-side cafe might be disappointing, but its fresh cakes, warm staff, and cheap drinks were completely ________ our expectations. 4. It’s the first time that the most active volcano in the world, Mauna Loa in Hawaii, ________(erupt) in almost 40 years. 5. The company ________(export) dried ginkgo leaves worth more than 42 million yuan since the last 11 months. 6. The pain in her knee became ________(bear) after hours of hiking, forcing her to stop and seek medical help. 7. The poet’s clever use of various ________(pattern) added depth and richness to her work. 8. Xi’an, an ancient capital of China, has secured a place among the most popular ________(destination) for the enchanting appeal. 9. The old farmer’s white hair contrasts ________(sharp) with his dark skin. 10. If envy is allowed to grow violently, it’s ________(destroy) to all excellence. 句型转换 1. The teacher asked me, “Who broke the window?”(改为间接引语) The teacher asked me who ________ ________ the window. 2. The teacher asked me, “Who broke the window?” (改为间接引语) The teacher asked me who ________ ________ the window. 3. As we passed by, we found that the window was broken by a naughty boy. As we passed by, we found the window ________ by a naughty boy. 4. As soon as/The moment he saw me/ On/Upon seeing me, he waved to me and invited me to go travelling in the UFO. (用hardly...when...改写) ________________________________________________________________ 5. Some firefighters and a truck were outside their house. (倒装结构) ________________________________________________________________ 6. He dashes out to the finishing line. And our champion and hero comes here! →________________________________ And our champion and hero comes here!(同义句) 7. I believe (用所给短语自由造句) ________________________________________________________________ 课文语法填空 As a typical Roman city, you can see 1.________ model of the whole Roman Empire in Pompeii. 2.________(fortune), the cloud-capped top of Mount Vesuvius appeared. Its ashy 3.________(rock) told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was to come! 　　The busy citizens 4.________(look) upwards with unspeakable fear when a huge cloud shot from the peak of the volcano. Then came the fire! The cries of women broke 5.________; the men looked at each other, but 6.________(be) silent. A moment later, the mountain-cloud seemed to roll towards them, dark and rapid, like a river; at the same time, it threw out a 7.________(show) of ashes and huge pieces of burning stone! Each hurried 8.________(blind) and fearfully on. So came the earthquake...and so ended life in Pompeii.   　　Nearly seventeen centuries had rolled away 9.________ the city of Pompeii was dug. Long after fire and ash came for the people of Pompeii, the remains of their beautiful city survive 10.________(remind) us that human lives burn bright and short.  阅读理解 A (2025-2026学年度江西宜春市上高县上高二中上学期高一期末考试英语试题)A rescue has been carried out and flood warnings are in place in Far North Queensland as Cyclone(气旋) Jasper caused widespread damage and flooding. Rescue workers were called to Mossman, a town near Port Douglas, at about 12:40 am, where 18 people had to be moved to safety due to dangerous flooding and then were taken to an evacuation(疏散) centre in the local library. Around 40,000 homes and businesses lost power, and the Captain Cook Highway was cut between Cairns and Port Douglas. Although Cyclone Jasper was downgraded to a tropical(热带的) low on Thursday, it was a wild night, bringing heavy rain and strong winds. Senior Meteorologist Laura Boekel said, “This event is not over. We have seen about half a meter of rainfall in the last 24 hours across Far North Queensland.” The Bureau of Meteorology warned of rising river levels in the Mossman River; which could reach levels similar to the floods in January 2019. Areas around Wujal Wiujal, Cape Tribulation, and Port Douglas faced the worst of the cyclone, and nearby communities like Palm Cove and Cairns were also affected. A weather warning remained in place across Far North Queensland. People from Cooktown to Port Douglas were overnight warned to prepare for possible flooding. People in the storm’s path were being warned not to be fooled by the calm conditions inside the cyclone’s 70 km-wide eye, which was expected to take hours to cross over some areas. “The eye is really big,” Boekel said on Wednesday night. “There’s a period of calm conditions in the eye itself. But you can’t pick that time period. Please stay in a safe place and wait for the whole system to pass.” The cyclone was producing wind speeds of 140 km/h, with centre wind speeds of 100 km/h. 1. Why were rescue workers called to Mossman? A. A storm damaged the local library. B. Some cars broke down on the highway. C. People were stuck in the flood. D. A flood was expected to come soon. 2. What can we learn about Cyclone Jasper according to the text? A. It quickly lost strength but still caused some noticeable problems. B. It remained strong and dangerous even after being downgraded. C. It mainly affected inland regions rather than coastal areas in Queensland. D. It moved slowly and caused most of its damage through heavy rainfall. 3. What is Boekel’s suggestion for the people in the affected areas? A. Stay inside the cyclone’s 70 km-wide eye. B. Observe the half-meter rainfall for 24 hours. C. Keep safe until the storm completely passes. D. Report the wind speeds in a timely manner. 4. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A weather forecast. B. A daily newspaper. C. A safety guide. D. A science report. B (2025-2026学年学年广东韶关市第一学期期末考试英语试题)As wildfires spread across forests and grasslands, they give off large amounts of gases and tiny particles(颗粒) into the air. Scientists now believe we may not have fully understood how much pollution these fires cause. A study reported in Environmental Science & Technology shows that wildfires around the world likely produce far more gases that harm air quality than earlier studies had suggested. The research also points out that in several areas, pollution from fires joins together with pollution from human activities, making air quality worse. Every year, wildfires burn through huge areas of plants, sending a complex mix of chemicals into the atmosphere. These include VOCs that easily form in the air, plus IVOCs and SVOCs, which need higher heat to turn into gas and more readily become tiny particles. When people breathe in these particles, they can be harmful to health. However, they are often not studied when scientists look at what wildfires release(排放). Their large quantity and chemical complexity make measurement difficult, leading past assessments to focus primarily on VOCs. To solve this problem, Shuxiao Wang’s team tried to include IVOCs and SVOCs along with VOCs in their study to better understand how wildfires affect air quality, human health, and the climate. The team first analyzed a global database of burnt land from 1997 to 2023. Then they collected information about the chemicals released when different plants burn. When they could not get direct measurements from real fires, they used lab experiments to estimate the chemicals produced. By putting all this information together, they worked out yearly worldwide wildfire emissions (排放). The results showed that wild land fires released an average of 143 million tons of chemicals yearly — about 21% higher than previous estimates. The team also found that although human activities produce more pollution overall, both wildfires and human activities release similar amounts of IVOCs and SVOCs. This finding highlights the greater-than-expected role of wildfires, particularly through IVOC and SVOC emissions, in reducing air quality. Different plans are needed to reduce pollution from both wildfires and human activities. 5. What does the author want to point out in paragraph 1? A. Wildfires are spreading faster than before. B. Wildfires are the main cause of air pollution. C. Human activities pollute the air more than wildfires. D. Fire-related air pollution is more serious than known. 6. Why were IVOCs and SVOCs often left out in earlier studies? A. They are hard to measure accurately. B. They disappear quickly in the air. C. Their effect on climate is insignificant. D. Their existence remained unknown. 7. Which best describes the study led by Shuxiao Wang’s team? A. Thorough and data-driven. B. Regional but well-recorded. C. Theoretical and model-based. D. Limited but system-building. 8. What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A. Current policies fully control wildfire pollution. B. Wildfires and human activities require emission cuts. C. More research is needed on chemicals emissions. D. Reducing human-caused pollution is less essential. 七选五 The aftermath(后果) of an earthquake can be horrible, but it is important that you are attentive and focused after an earthquake happens. Fires, gas leaks, and injuries are all dangers you might face after an earthquake. 1 By assessing the safety of your location and following the directions of local authorities, your chances of surviving the aftermath of an earthquake will be much higher. Check yourself for injuries. 2 If you’re bleeding, lift your injury up and put pressure on it. If your injury is serious, call for help using a cellphone or try to get rescuers’ attention. 3 Use a cellphone to call for help if you have one. If you can’t use a phone, try knocking loudly on something nearby until rescuers find you. Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes which follow the main shock of an earthquake. 4 So you should prepare to move to a safe location, like an open outdoor space or a structurally sound building. Exit the building and go to a safer place once the shaking has stopped. The structure of the building you’re in may have been weakened by the main earthquake. 5 A. Signal for help if you are trapped. B. They can cause significant damage. C. Remain calm as the earthquake occurs. D. The more prepared you are, the safer you’ll be. E. Make sure you’re not seriously hurt before you do anything. F. After the earthquake, you must get medical treatment in time. G. Therefore, you should leave as soon as possible in case of any aftershocks. 完形填空 (2025-2026学年度江西九江市武宁县武宁尚美中学下学期开学考试英语试题)On 20 December, in Newdale, a series of huge waves caused by an undersea Earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore. Worse still, it 1 thousands dead. Gold shore Beach was the only local beach to 2 the disaster without any loss of life. A 10-year-old girl, Sabrina Andron, helped around100 people escape danger with her 3 of tsunamis. The day began like any other on Gold shore Beach. People were walking, running or simply sitting on the sandy beach, 4 the warm sea air and enjoying the soft 5 that brushed their hair. Sabrina was one of the happy tourists until she noticed something 6 . “The water was like the bubbles(气泡) on the top of a beer,” she later explained. “It wasn’t 7 and it wasn’t going in and then out. It was just coming in and in and in.” It hit her that these were the 8 of an upcoming tsunami, which Sabrina had just learnt about in a Geography lesson. Sabrina was 9 , but she soon kept her head. She warned her parents of the 10 , though at first they just thought she was 11 . However, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was 12 and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer. To her great relief, the officer 13 realized the coming danger. The beach was rapidly 14 of people, just before the huge waves 15 into the coast. 1. A. brought B. left C. affected D. led 2. A. survive B. recognize C. revive D. quit 3. A. impression B. knowledge C. wisdom D. detail 4. A. taking in B. making up C. focusing on D. checking out 5. A. sunshine B. wind C. whistle D. wave 6. A. unique B. powerful C. attractive D. strange 7. A. narrow B. adventurous C. calm D. distant 8. A. damages B. signs C. effects D. results 9. A. confused B. embarrassed C. frightened D. annoyed 10. A. stress B. development C. credit D. danger 11. A. cheating B. debating C. joking D. helping 12. A. under control B. on hand C. on schedule D. on its way 13. A. actually B. anxiously C. curiously D. immediately 14. A. revived B. warned C. cleared D. reminded 15. A. crashed B. slid C. divided D. tapped ( 7 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 课时作业04 Extended reading & Project & Assessment (Unit 2 Natural disasters) 01 基础练 02 提升练 03 培优练 单词拼写 1. Smile is the shortest ________(距离) between people. 2. After reaching your d________, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. 3. I really like the idea of adding a new ________(专栏) to our English newspaper. 4. Sending people to other planets or even ________(在更远处) the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve. 5. The couple who lived next to us volunteered to help after the volcano ________(喷发). 6. Establishing healthy sleep p________(模式) can be an effective strategy to help improve people’s memory. 7. They continued the search as d________ broke. 8. London is an ancient ________(港口) city that has a history dating back to Roman times. 9. Trading ships bringing imports to the city or carrying ________ overseas, along with golden pleasure boats for the rich, were crowded together in the glassy water of the port. 10. Now it was wildly bright, now of a pale and dying red, and now again it burnt with an ________(难以忍受的) light!) 【答案】 1. distance 2. destination 3. column 4. beyond 5. erupted/eruption 6. patterns 7. dawn 8. port 9. exports 10. unbearable 短语互译 1. ________________呈现……的形状;采取……的形式  2. ________________突然开始,爆发  3. ________________到处,各处   4. ________________和……一起,随同  5. ________________朝着四面八方  6. above all ________________ 7. separate from ________________ 8. in the distance ________________ 9. due to ________________ 10. in the darkness ________________ 【答案】 1. take the form of 2. break out  3. far and wide 4. along with 5. in all directions 6.重要的是 7.分开 8.在远处 9.因为,由于 10.在黑暗中 完成句子 1. 入乡随俗。 When in Rome, do ________________. 2. 到达目的地之后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。 After ________ ________ ________ you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. 3. 这些俑像只是秦始皇巨大陵墓的一部分，而整座陵墓尚未完全发掘。 The statues fill only part of the emperor’s huge tomb, which still has not ________ ________ ________. 4. 那就是为什么星星出来时我们能看到星星，但灯熄灭时我们却看不到灯光。 That is ________________________________, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible. 5. 学好英语不容易，尽可能多的阅读是必要的。 It’s not easy to learn English well. ________________________________ is necessary. 6. 通常，研究结果以图表、报告的形式呈现。 Generally, the result of a research ________________________________ graphs, charts and reports. 7. 他们撒开网四处物色新的球队教练。 They have spread their net ________ ________ ________ in the search for a new team coach. 8. 如果他们再多行驶几千米的话,他们也许能找到一个更好的旅馆。 They ________________________________ a better hotel if they had driven more kilometers.(might)  9. 迈克环顾四周似乎在找人。 Mike looked around ________________________________.(as if)  10. 农场位于我们学校附近的小山脚下,四周绿树环绕。 Surrounded by green trees, the farm ________________________________ near our school.(locate)  【答案】 1. as the Romans do 2. reaching your destination 3. been completely unearthed 4. why when the stars are out 5. Reading as much as possible 6. takes the form of 7. far and wide 8. might have found 9. as if looking for someone 10. is located at the foot of the hill 单句语法填空 1. She realised that one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the ________(distant) that usually exists between people. 【答案】distance 【详解】考查名词。句意：她意识到互联网最大的好处之一是它可以消除人们之间通常存在的距离。空处作remove的宾语，用名词distance“距离”。故填distance。 2. Thanks to a new academic project, hundreds of pieces of oracle bones(甲骨文) that have been kept in the warehouse of a top university in Jiangsu province now have the chance to be decoded more than one century after ________(unearth). 【答案】being unearthed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：得益于一项新的学术项目，江苏省一所顶尖大学仓库中保存的数百块甲骨文碎片如今终于有机会在出土一个多世纪之后得到解读了。after为介词，后接动名词作宾语，且unearth“发掘”与逻辑主语hundreds of pieces of oracle bones是动宾关系，用动名词的被动式being unearthed。故填being unearthed。 3. My friend warned me the street-side cafe might be disappointing, but its fresh cakes, warm staff, and cheap drinks were completely ________ our expectations. 【答案】beyond 【详解】考查介词。句意：我的朋友提醒我那家街边咖啡馆可能会让人失望，但它新鲜的蛋糕、热情的店员和便宜的饮品完全超出了我们的预期。分析句子结构可知，此空考查介词，结合前文“朋友提醒可能失望”与后文“实际有新鲜蛋糕、热情店员和便宜饮品”的对比，需体现“实际情况超出预期”的语义；beyond作为介词，有“超出……范围”的含义，beyond our expectations为固定搭配，意为“超出我们的预期”，符合语境。故填beyond。 4. It’s the first time that the most active volcano in the world, Mauna Loa in Hawaii, ________(erupt) in almost 40 years. 【答案】has erupted 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是近40年来，世界上最活跃的火山夏威夷的莫纳罗亚火山首次喷发。It is the first time that...是固定句型，意为“这是第一次……”，that从句中要用现在完成时，主语Mauna Loa是单数，助动词用has。故填has erupted。 5. The company ________(export) dried ginkgo leaves worth more than 42 million yuan since the last 11 months. 【答案】has exported 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去11个月里，该公司已出口价值4200多万元的干银杏叶。根据后文since the last 11 months可知应用现在完成时，主语为the company，助动词用has。故填has exported。 6. The pain in her knee became ________(bear) after hours of hiking, forcing her to stop and seek medical help. 【答案】unbearable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：数小时的徒步旅行后，她膝盖上的疼痛变得难以忍受，迫使她停下来寻求医疗帮助。此处为形容词作表语，根据句意，此处为bear对应的形容词bearable的反义词unbearable意为“难以忍受的；承受不住的”符合句意。故填unbearable。 7. The poet’s clever use of various ________(pattern) added depth and richness to her work. 【答案】patterns 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这位诗人对各种形式的巧妙运用为她的作品增添了深度和丰富性。根据空前的形容词various可知，空处应用可数名词复数形式，pattern“形式；模式”，是可数名词，其复数形式为patterns。故填patterns。 8. Xi’an, an ancient capital of China, has secured a place among the most popular ________(destination) for the enchanting appeal. 【答案】destinations 【详解】考查名词。句意：西安，中国的一座古都，凭借其迷人的魅力在最受欢迎的旅游目的地中占据了一席之地。destination表示“目的地，旅游目的地”，是可数名词，此处“among the most popular...”表示“在最受欢迎的…… 之中”，说明是多个目的地，所以要用复数形式。故填 destinations。 9. The old farmer’s white hair contrasts ________(sharp) with his dark skin. 【答案】sharply 【详解】考查副词。句意：老农民的白发与他的黑皮肤形成鲜明对比。分析句子可知，设空处修饰动词contrasts，应用副词形式。所给词sharp的副词形式是sharply，意为“鲜明地”。故填sharply。 10. If envy is allowed to grow violently, it’s ________(destroy) to all excellence. 【答案】destructive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果嫉妒被允许急剧增长，它会破坏一切优秀。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用形容词destructive“破坏性的”，作表语。故填destructive。 句型转换 1. The teacher asked me, “Who broke the window?”(改为间接引语) The teacher asked me who ________ ________ the window. 【答案】had broken 【详解】考查间接引语和时态。句意：老师问我是谁打破了窗户。直接引语变间接引语时，若主句是一般过去时，从句的时态要相应往前推。原句中broke是一般过去时且主句主语asked为一般过去时，间接引语要变为过去完成时had broken。故填①had②broken。 2. The teacher asked me, “Who broke the window?” (改为间接引语) The teacher asked me who ________ ________ the window. 【答案】had broken 【详解】考查间接引语和时态。句意：老师问我“谁打破了窗户？”直接引语变间接引语时，若主句是一般过去时，从句的时态要相应往前推。原句中broke是一般过去时且主句主语asked为一般过去时，间接引语要变为过去完成时had broken。故填①had；②broken。 3. As we passed by, we found that the window was broken by a naughty boy. As we passed by, we found the window ________ by a naughty boy. 【答案】broken 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们经过时，我们发现窗户被一个淘气的男孩打破了。we found that the window was broken by a naughty boy.为宾语从句，本句可转化为“find sb +done”的结构，过去分词作宾语补足语。故填broken。 4. As soon as/The moment he saw me/ On/Upon seeing me, he waved to me and invited me to go travelling in the UFO. (用hardly...when...改写) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Hardly had he seen me when he waved to me and invited me to go travelling in the UFO. 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：他一看到我就向我挥手，邀请我乘坐不明飞行物去旅行。as soon as，the moment引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”，“on/upon +doing sth.”也表示“一……就……”，所以此处可用固定句型“hardly...when...”，意为“一……就……”，在该句型中，hardly可以提到句首，后面的句子用部分倒装，而且句子用过去完成时态。时间状语从句中的用一般过去时态。故答案为Hardly had he seen me when he waved to me and invited me to go travelling in the UFO. 5. Some firefighters and a truck were outside their house. (倒装结构) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Outside their house were some firefighters and a truck. 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：一些消防员和一辆卡车在他们的房子外面。分析题干要求可知，此句改为倒装句应把原句中“outside their house”置于句首，构成完全倒装，把谓语were置于主语some firefighters and a truck之前，故本句改为倒装句为：Outside their house were some firefighters and a truck. 6. He dashes out to the finishing line. And our champion and hero comes here! →________________________________ And our champion and hero comes here!(同义句) 【答案】Out he dashes to the finishing line. 【详解】考查时态。句意：他冲向终点线。我们的冠军和英雄来了！ 地点副词out位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序，将谓语动词提到主语之前，但主语是代词时，不倒装，即Out he dashes to the finishing line。故填Out he dashes to the finishing line. 7. I believe (用所给短语自由造句) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I believe that a proper joke can break the ice. 【详解】考查宾语从句。I believe意为“我相信”，其后可以接句子构成宾语从句，造句时注意从句使用陈述句语序。故可造句如下：I believe that a proper joke can break the ice.我相信一个恰当的笑话可以打破僵局。 课文语法填空 As a typical Roman city, you can see 1.________ model of the whole Roman Empire in Pompeii. 2.________(fortune), the cloud-capped top of Mount Vesuvius appeared. Its ashy 3.________(rock) told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was to come! 　　The busy citizens 4.________(look) upwards with unspeakable fear when a huge cloud shot from the peak of the volcano. Then came the fire! The cries of women broke 5.________; the men looked at each other, but 6.________(be) silent. A moment later, the mountain-cloud seemed to roll towards them, dark and rapid, like a river; at the same time, it threw out a 7.________(show) of ashes and huge pieces of burning stone! Each hurried 8.________(blind) and fearfully on. So came the earthquake...and so ended life in Pompeii.   　　Nearly seventeen centuries had rolled away 9.________ the city of Pompeii was dug. Long after fire and ash came for the people of Pompeii, the remains of their beautiful city survive 10.________(remind) us that human lives burn bright and short.  【答案】 1. a 2. Unfortunately 3. rocks 4. looked 5. out 6. were 7. shower 8. blindly 9. before 10. to remind 阅读理解 A (2025-2026学年度江西宜春市上高县上高二中上学期高一期末考试英语试题)A rescue has been carried out and flood warnings are in place in Far North Queensland as Cyclone(气旋) Jasper caused widespread damage and flooding. Rescue workers were called to Mossman, a town near Port Douglas, at about 12:40 am, where 18 people had to be moved to safety due to dangerous flooding and then were taken to an evacuation(疏散) centre in the local library. Around 40,000 homes and businesses lost power, and the Captain Cook Highway was cut between Cairns and Port Douglas. Although Cyclone Jasper was downgraded to a tropical(热带的) low on Thursday, it was a wild night, bringing heavy rain and strong winds. Senior Meteorologist Laura Boekel said, “This event is not over. We have seen about half a meter of rainfall in the last 24 hours across Far North Queensland.” The Bureau of Meteorology warned of rising river levels in the Mossman River; which could reach levels similar to the floods in January 2019. Areas around Wujal Wiujal, Cape Tribulation, and Port Douglas faced the worst of the cyclone, and nearby communities like Palm Cove and Cairns were also affected. A weather warning remained in place across Far North Queensland. People from Cooktown to Port Douglas were overnight warned to prepare for possible flooding. People in the storm’s path were being warned not to be fooled by the calm conditions inside the cyclone’s 70 km-wide eye, which was expected to take hours to cross over some areas. “The eye is really big,” Boekel said on Wednesday night. “There’s a period of calm conditions in the eye itself. But you can’t pick that time period. Please stay in a safe place and wait for the whole system to pass.” The cyclone was producing wind speeds of 140 km/h, with centre wind speeds of 100 km/h. 1. Why were rescue workers called to Mossman? A. A storm damaged the local library. B. Some cars broke down on the highway. C. People were stuck in the flood. D. A flood was expected to come soon. 2. What can we learn about Cyclone Jasper according to the text? A. It quickly lost strength but still caused some noticeable problems. B. It remained strong and dangerous even after being downgraded. C. It mainly affected inland regions rather than coastal areas in Queensland. D. It moved slowly and caused most of its damage through heavy rainfall. 3. What is Boekel’s suggestion for the people in the affected areas? A. Stay inside the cyclone’s 70 km-wide eye. B. Observe the half-meter rainfall for 24 hours. C. Keep safe until the storm completely passes. D. Report the wind speeds in a timely manner. 4. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A weather forecast. B. A daily newspaper. C. A safety guide. D. A science report. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了气旋Jasper对昆士兰州北部造成的破坏和救援情况。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Rescue workers were called to Mossman, a town near Port Douglas, at about 12:40 am, where 18 people had to be moved to safety due to dangerous flooding and then were taken to an evacuation (疏散) centre in the local library. (凌晨12点40分左右，救援人员被召往道格拉斯港附近的莫斯曼镇，由于洪水泛滥，情况危急，18人被转移至安全地带，随后被送往当地图书馆的疏散中心。)”可知，救援人员被叫到Mossman镇是因为人们被困在洪水中。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Although Cyclone Jasper was downgraded to a tropical (热带的) low on Thursday, it was a wild night, bringing heavy rain and strong winds. (尽管Cyclone Jasper于周四降级为热带低气压，但那晚狂风暴雨肆虐。)”可知，贾斯珀气旋即使降级后，它依然强劲且危险。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Please stay in a safe place and wait for the whole system to pass. (请务必待在安全地点，等待整个气旋系统完全过去。)”可知，Boekel建议受影响地区的人们待在一个安全的地方，等待整个风暴系统过去。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A rescue has been carried out and flood warnings are in place in Far North Queensland as Cyclone(气旋) Jasper caused widespread damage and flooding. (因气旋贾斯珀在昆士兰州远北地区引发大范围破坏和洪涝灾害，当地已开展救援行动并发布洪水预警。)”可知，文章主要讲述了气旋贾斯珀给昆士兰北部带来的影响，包括人员被困、救援行动、天气情况以及对人们的警告等，这种报道具有时效性和新闻性，符合报纸的特点。故选B。 B (2025-2026学年学年广东韶关市第一学期期末考试英语试题)As wildfires spread across forests and grasslands, they give off large amounts of gases and tiny particles(颗粒) into the air. Scientists now believe we may not have fully understood how much pollution these fires cause. A study reported in Environmental Science & Technology shows that wildfires around the world likely produce far more gases that harm air quality than earlier studies had suggested. The research also points out that in several areas, pollution from fires joins together with pollution from human activities, making air quality worse. Every year, wildfires burn through huge areas of plants, sending a complex mix of chemicals into the atmosphere. These include VOCs that easily form in the air, plus IVOCs and SVOCs, which need higher heat to turn into gas and more readily become tiny particles. When people breathe in these particles, they can be harmful to health. However, they are often not studied when scientists look at what wildfires release(排放). Their large quantity and chemical complexity make measurement difficult, leading past assessments to focus primarily on VOCs. To solve this problem, Shuxiao Wang’s team tried to include IVOCs and SVOCs along with VOCs in their study to better understand how wildfires affect air quality, human health, and the climate. The team first analyzed a global database of burnt land from 1997 to 2023. Then they collected information about the chemicals released when different plants burn. When they could not get direct measurements from real fires, they used lab experiments to estimate the chemicals produced. By putting all this information together, they worked out yearly worldwide wildfire emissions (排放). The results showed that wild land fires released an average of 143 million tons of chemicals yearly — about 21% higher than previous estimates. The team also found that although human activities produce more pollution overall, both wildfires and human activities release similar amounts of IVOCs and SVOCs. This finding highlights the greater-than-expected role of wildfires, particularly through IVOC and SVOC emissions, in reducing air quality. Different plans are needed to reduce pollution from both wildfires and human activities. 5. What does the author want to point out in paragraph 1? A. Wildfires are spreading faster than before. B. Wildfires are the main cause of air pollution. C. Human activities pollute the air more than wildfires. D. Fire-related air pollution is more serious than known. 6. Why were IVOCs and SVOCs often left out in earlier studies? A. They are hard to measure accurately. B. They disappear quickly in the air. C. Their effect on climate is insignificant. D. Their existence remained unknown. 7. Which best describes the study led by Shuxiao Wang’s team? A. Thorough and data-driven. B. Regional but well-recorded. C. Theoretical and model-based. D. Limited but system-building. 8. What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A. Current policies fully control wildfire pollution. B. Wildfires and human activities require emission cuts. C. More research is needed on chemicals emissions. D. Reducing human-caused pollution is less essential. 【答案】5. D 6. A 7. A 8. B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现野火造成的空气污染远超此前认知，此前研究因难测量忽略了部分有害物，研究团队经全面数据分析得出野火排放量更高，且野火与人类活动均需减排。 5. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists now believe we may not have fully understood how much pollution these fires cause. A study reported in Environmental Science & Technology shows that wildfires around the world likely produce far more gases that harm air quality than earlier studies had suggested.(如今，科学家们认为我们可能尚未完全了解这些火灾所造成的污染程度。《环境科学与技术》杂志上发表的一项研究显示，全球范围内的野火所排放的有害气体量可能远超此前研究的估计值)”可知，作者在第一段中想要说明与火灾相关的空气污染程度比已知情况更为严重。故选D。 6. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Their large quantity and chemical complexity make measurement difficult, leading past assessments to focus primarily on VOCs.(它们的数量庞大且化学结构复杂，这使得测量工作变得十分困难，因此过去的评估主要集中在半挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)方面)”可知，在早期的研究中，中等挥发性有机化合物(IVOCs)和半挥发性有机化合物(SVOCs)常常被忽略不计是因为它们难以精确测量。故选A。 7. 推理判断题。根据第三段“The team first analyzed a global database of burnt land from 1997 to 2023. Then they collected information about the chemicals released when different plants burn. When they could not get direct measurements from real fires, they used lab experiments to estimate the chemicals produced. By putting all this information together, they worked out yearly worldwide wildfire emissions (排放).(该团队首先分析了1997年至2023年全球范围内的烧毁土地数据库。然后，他们收集了不同植物燃烧时释放出的化学物质的相关信息。当无法从实际火灾中获得直接测量数据时，他们通过实验室实验来估算所产生的化学物质。将所有这些信息汇总起来后，他们计算出了全球每年的野火排放量)”可知，王舒晓团队所开展的研究是全面且基于数据的。故选A。 8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The team also found that although human activities produce more pollution overall, both wildfires and human activities release similar amounts of IVOCs and SVOCs. This finding highlights the greater-than-expected role of wildfires, particularly through IVOC and SVOC emissions, in reducing air quality. Different plans are needed to reduce pollution from both wildfires and human activities.(该团队还发现，尽管人类活动总体上造成了更多的污染，但野火和人类活动所释放的 IVOCs(中等挥发性有机化合物)和 SVOCs(半挥发性有机化合物)的量是相当的。这一发现凸显了野火在降低空气质量方面所起的作用超出预期，尤其是通过 IVOC 和 SVOC 的排放来实现的。需要制定不同的计划来减少来自野火和人类活动的污染)”可知，火灾与人类活动都需要减少排放。故选B。 七选五 The aftermath(后果) of an earthquake can be horrible, but it is important that you are attentive and focused after an earthquake happens. Fires, gas leaks, and injuries are all dangers you might face after an earthquake. 1 By assessing the safety of your location and following the directions of local authorities, your chances of surviving the aftermath of an earthquake will be much higher. Check yourself for injuries. 2 If you’re bleeding, lift your injury up and put pressure on it. If your injury is serious, call for help using a cellphone or try to get rescuers’ attention. 3 Use a cellphone to call for help if you have one. If you can’t use a phone, try knocking loudly on something nearby until rescuers find you. Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes which follow the main shock of an earthquake. 4 So you should prepare to move to a safe location, like an open outdoor space or a structurally sound building. Exit the building and go to a safer place once the shaking has stopped. The structure of the building you’re in may have been weakened by the main earthquake. 5 A. Signal for help if you are trapped. B. They can cause significant damage. C. Remain calm as the earthquake occurs. D. The more prepared you are, the safer you’ll be. E. Make sure you’re not seriously hurt before you do anything. F. After the earthquake, you must get medical treatment in time. G. Therefore, you should leave as soon as possible in case of any aftershocks. 【答案】1. D 2. E 3. A 4. B 5. G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地震后应该注意的危险以及应采取的自救方式。 1. 下文“By assessing the safety of your location and following the directions of local authorities, your chances of surviving the aftermath of an earthquake will be much higher.(通过评估您所在位置的安全性并遵循地方当局的指示，您在地震后幸存的几率将大大提高)”说明如果提前做准备，那么地震后幸存的几率会更高，D项“你准备得越充分，就越安全。”引出下文，符合题意。故选D。 2. 上文“Check yourself for injuries.(检查自己是否受伤)”说明需要检查自己的身体状况，E项“在你做任何事情之前，确保你没有受到严重伤害。”进一步说明要先检查自己身体是否受伤，然后才能采取行动，符合题意。故选E。 3. 下文“Use a cellphone to call for help if you have one. If you can’t use a phone, try knocking loudly on something nearby until rescuers find you.(如果你有手机，请用手机打电话求救。如果你不能使用电话，试着大声敲打附近的东西，直到救援人员找到你)”说明要采取方式发出求救信号，A项“如果你被困，发出求救信号。”引出下文，符合题意。故选A。 4. 上文“Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes which follow the main shock of an earthquake.(余震是继主震之后发生的较小地震)”说明地震之后还可能发生余震，B项中They指代上文中的余震，B项“它们可能会造成重大损害。”说明余震的危害性，承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 5. 上文“The structure of the building you’re in may have been weakened by the main earthquake.(你所在的大楼的结构可能已经被主震削弱了)”说明地震后大楼变得不安全，G项“因此，你应该尽可能快地离开以防有任何余震发生。”说明应该采取的正确方式，符合题意。故选G。 完形填空 (2025-2026学年学年江西九江市武宁县武宁尚美中学下学期开学考试英语试题)On 20 December, in Newdale, a series of huge waves caused by an undersea Earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore. Worse still, it 1 thousands dead. Gold shore Beach was the only local beach to 2 the disaster without any loss of life. A 10-year-old girl, Sabrina Andron, helped around100 people escape danger with her 3 of tsunamis. The day began like any other on Gold shore Beach. People were walking, running or simply sitting on the sandy beach, 4 the warm sea air and enjoying the soft 5 that brushed their hair. Sabrina was one of the happy tourists until she noticed something 6 . “The water was like the bubbles(气泡) on the top of a beer,” she later explained. “It wasn’t 7 and it wasn’t going in and then out. It was just coming in and in and in.” It hit her that these were the 8 of an upcoming tsunami, which Sabrina had just learnt about in a Geography lesson. Sabrina was 9 , but she soon kept her head. She warned her parents of the 10 , though at first they just thought she was 11 . However, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was 12 and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer. To her great relief, the officer 13 realized the coming danger. The beach was rapidly 14 of people, just before the huge waves 15 into the coast. 1. A. brought B. left C. affected D. led 2. A. survive B. recognize C. revive D. quit 3. A. impression B. knowledge C. wisdom D. detail 4. A. taking in B. making up C. focusing on D. checking out 5. A. sunshine B. wind C. whistle D. wave 6. A. unique B. powerful C. attractive D. strange 7. A. narrow B. adventurous C. calm D. distant 8. A. damages B. signs C. effects D. results 9. A. confused B. embarrassed C. frightened D. annoyed 10. A. stress B. development C. credit D. danger 11. A. cheating B. debating C. joking D. helping 12. A. under control B. on hand C. on schedule D. on its way 13. A. actually B. anxiously C. curiously D. immediately 14. A. revived B. warned C. cleared D. reminded 15. A. crashed B. slid C. divided D. tapped 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C 12. D 13. D 14. C 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个小女孩Sabrina Andron用自己的海啸知识帮助100多人逃离危险。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，它使数千人死亡。A. brought带来；B. left使……处于；C. affected影响；D. led导致。根据“thousands dead”可知，海啸让数千人死亡，leave sb.+adj为固定搭配，表示“让某人处于某种状态”。故选B。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：金岸海滩是当地唯一没有人员伤亡的海滩。A. survive幸存；B. recognize识别；C. revive复苏；D. quit离开。根据“without any loss of life”可知，Goldshore海滩的游客在灾难中幸存。故选A。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：10岁的女孩Sabrina Andron用她的海啸知识帮助了大约100人逃离危险。A. impression印象；B. knowledge知识；C. wisdom智慧；D. detail细节。根据下文“which Sabrina had just learnt about in a Geography lesson.”可知，Sabrina Andron用她的海啸知识帮助了大约100人逃离危险。故选B。 4. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们在沙滩上散步、跑步，或者只是坐在沙滩上，呼吸着温暖的海风，享受着轻柔的微风拂过他们的头发。A. taking in吸收；B. making up组成；C. focusing on专注于；D. checking out检查。根据“the warm sea air”可知，人们在沙滩上呼吸着温暖的海风。故选A。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sunshine阳光；B. wind风；C. whistle口哨；D. wave波浪。根据“that brushed their hair.”可知，沙滩上轻柔的微风吹拂着头发。故选B。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sabrina是其中一个快乐的游客，直到她注意到一些奇怪的事情。A. unique独特的；B. powerful强有力的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. strange奇怪的。根据““The water was like the bubbles(气泡) on the top of a beer,” she later explained. “It wasn’t 　 7 　 and it wasn’t going in and then out. It was just coming in and in and in.””可知，Sabrina在海滩上注意到一些奇怪的事情。故选D。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它并不平静，也没有进进出出。它只是不断地涌进来。A. narrow狭窄的；B. adventurous冒险的；C. calm冷静的；D. distant遥远的。根据“and it wasn’t going in and then out. It was just coming in and in and in.”可知，海水并不平静。故选C。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她突然意识到，这些都是即将到来的海啸的迹象，这是萨布丽娜刚刚在地理课上学到的。A. damages损害；B. signs迹象；C. effects影响；D. results结果。根据“which Sabrina had just learnt about in a Geography lesson.”可知，Sabrina意识到奇怪的事情是海啸即将到来的迹象。故选B。 9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sabrina很害怕，但很快就镇定了下来。A. confused困惑的；B. embarrassed感到尴尬的；C. frightened感到害怕的；D. annoyed生气的。根据“but she soon kept her head.”可知，Sabrina知道海啸即将到来感到很害怕。故选C。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她警告她的父母有危险，虽然起初他们以为她只是在开玩笑。A. stress压力；B. development发展；C. credit信用；D. danger危险。根据“though at first they just thought she was ___11___ .”可知，Sabrina警告父母海啸来临的危险。故选D。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cheating欺骗；B. debating辩论；C. joking开玩笑；D. helping帮助。根据“However, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was 　12　 and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer.”可知，父母以为Sabrina是开玩笑。故选C。 12. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，Sabrina确信一场可怕的灾难即将来临，并不断要求她的父母与安全官员交谈。A. under control在控制中；B. on hand在手边；C. on schedule按预定时间；D. on its way即将来临。据“and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer.”和“To her great relief, the officer ___13___ realized the coming danger.”可知，Sabrina确信海啸即将来临。故选D。 13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：令她大为宽慰的是，这个官员立刻意识到即将来临的危险。A. actually事实上；B. anxiously焦虑地；C. curiously好奇地；D. immediately立刻。根据“realized the coming danger.”可知，安全官员立刻意识到即海啸将来临的危险。故选D。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在巨浪冲击海岸之前，海滩上的人很快就被疏散了。A. revived复苏；B. warned警告；C. cleared清除；D. reminded提醒。根据“To her great relief, the officer ___13___ realized the coming danger.”和常识可知，海啸即将来临，尽快清空海滩上的人们。故选C。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. crashed碰撞；B. slid滑动；C. divided分开；D. tapped轻拍。根据“the huge waves”可知，因为是海啸，所以是巨浪撞击海岸。故选A。 ( 12 / 12 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $