焦点 04 阅读理解之说明文 -备战2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训（江苏宿迁）

焦点04 阅读理解之说明文 备战2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训 【题型解析】 一、2026年中考英语说明文阅读核心结论​ 2026年宿迁中考英语说明文阅读作为实用类文本阅读的重要板块，延续“基础信息提取+语境逻辑应用+素养融合”的考查导向，重点考查细节理解、逻辑推理、词汇精准辨析及文化意识。其核心变化在于：弱化孤立信息记忆，强化“语篇-语境-生活”的综合运用，融入宿迁地域文化元素（如骆马湖、项王故里、泗州戏），同时注重思维品质（如批判性思维、信息整合）的考查。 结合宿迁市2026年考试方案及近年命题趋势，说明文阅读的分值占比约为15%-20%（参考2025年调整后的题量），题型仍以“四选一”为主，但多模态文本（如图表、示意图、数据表）的比重可能提升，成为区分度较高的题型。 二、2026年中考英语说明文阅读重难点分析​ 宿迁中考说明文阅读的重难点主要集中在“信息的精准提取”、“语境的逻辑推理”、“文化的融合应用”三大维度，具体可分为以下几类： （一）信息提取类：细节与范围的精准定位​ 信息提取是说明文阅读的基础，2026年的考查更强调“在语境中定位信息”，而非孤立的“找答案”。主要难点包括： 细节信息的精准匹配​ 说明文（如科普文、文化介绍文）中的时间、地点、人物、数字等细节是高频考点，需结合语境判断其准确性。例如，2025年宿迁模拟题中“G8298次列车从宿迁到徐州东的时间”考查细节定位（15:30出发，16:04到达），需准确计算时长（34分钟）。 易错点：同义替换（如“free”对应“no cost”、“postpone”对应“put off”）和跨段信息混淆（如将活动A的时间与活动B的地点错误拼接）。 信息范围的合理界定​ 说明文中的限定词（如“only”、“all”、“some”）是易错点，需判断信息的适用范围。例如，“Only students with ID cards can enter the library”中的“only”限定了进入图书馆的人群，需排除“无ID卡的学生”的干扰。 （二）逻辑推理类：语境与逻辑的隐含判断​ 逻辑推理是说明文阅读的核心，2026年的考查更强调“语篇内的逻辑关联”，而非孤立的句子理解。主要难点包括： 逻辑连接词的辨析​ 说明文中的转折（but/however）、因果（because/so）、递进（besides/moreover）等逻辑词是推理的关键，需根据上下文判断逻辑关系。例如，“The event is free, but you need to register online”中的“but”表转折，需推断“免费但需注册”的逻辑。 隐含信息的合理推断​ 说明文中的言外之意（如广告中的“Call now!”隐含“名额有限”）是高频难点，需结合语境推断。例如，“Limited seats available”隐含“需尽快报名”，需推断作者的宣传意图。 （三）文化融合类：本土与国际的语境应用​ 文化意识是2026年中考的新增重点，说明文阅读可能融入宿迁地域文化（如骆马湖、项王故里、泗州戏）或国际文化（如“一带一路”、跨文化交际），考查其英文表达与语境应用。主要难点包括： 本土文化词汇的积累​ 如“Luoma Lake”（骆马湖）、“Xiang Yu Memorial Hall”（项王故里）、“Sizhou Opera”（泗州戏）等，需掌握其英文翻译及语境应用。例如，2026年宿迁模拟题中“—Have you been to Luoma Lake? —______”考查情景交际的应答（“Yes, it’s a beautiful place to relax”），需结合“Luoma Lake”的本土文化背景判断。 跨文化交际的表达​ 如“table manners”（餐桌礼仪）、“festival customs”（节日习俗）等，需掌握其英文表达及文化内涵。例如，“Chinese New Year is a time for family reunion”考查跨文化交际的应答，需结合“Chinese New Year”的文化背景判断。 （四）多模态文本类：图文与数据的转换理解​ 多模态文本（如图表、广告、时间表）是2026年的新增难点，需结合图文信息与数据逻辑进行综合理解。主要难点包括： 图表数据的转换​ 如“学生兴趣爱好占比图表”需描述数据分布（如“60%的学生喜欢阅读”）并分析原因（如“阅读能增长知识”）。 易错点：数据误解（如将“百分比”误判为“绝对数量”）。 图文信息的匹配​ 如“旅游指南中的地图”需匹配景点与位置（如“项王故里位于宿迁市中心”），需结合图文信息进行定位。 三、2026年中考英语说明文阅读解题步骤​ 针对说明文阅读的“实用性、语境化”特点，需采用“定位-推理-验证”的解题策略，具体步骤如下： （一）第一步：快速浏览，把握语篇类型与主旨​ 识别语篇类型：说明文的标题、格式（如“Notice”、“Advertisement”）是识别关键，需快速判断其类型（如科普文、文化介绍文、广告）。例如，“Notice from the School English Club”是通知，需关注“时间、地点、活动内容”。 把握主旨大意：通过首句（如“Our school will hold a Spring Festival Culture Sharing event next Friday”）快速判断语篇主旨（如“学校将举办春节文化活动”），明确阅读目标。 （二）第二步：定位信息，解决细节题​ 圈画关键词：根据题干中的时间（如“next Friday”）、地点（如“school hall”）、人物（如“foreign teacher”）等关键词，快速定位原文中的相关信息。例如，“When will the event start?”中的“next Friday”定位到原文“March 29th”。 匹配选项：将选项中的信息与原文中的信息逐一对比，排除错误选项（如时间不符、地点错误），选择正确答案。例如，“The event will start at 3:00 pm”匹配选项“3:00 pm”。 （三）第三步：逻辑推理，解决推断题​ 分析逻辑词：根据上下文的转折（but/however）、因果（because/so）等逻辑词，推断隐含信息。例如，“The event is free, but you need to register online”中的“but”表转折，推断“免费但需注册”。 联系语境：结合语篇的场景（如校园活动、社区服务），推断言外之意。例如，“Limited seats available”隐含“需尽快报名”，需推断作者的宣传意图。 （四）第四步：验证答案，确保逻辑连贯​ 代入原文：将所选答案代入原文，检查逻辑连贯（如“时间、地点、活动内容”是否一致）。例如，“The event will start at 3:00 pm and last for 2 hours”代入原文，检查是否符合“next Friday”的时间安排。 排除干扰：剔除语法错误（如主谓不一致）或语义矛盾（如“免费但需支付费用”）的选项，确保答案的准确性。 四、2026年中考英语说明文阅读预测分析​ 结合政策导向（《义务教育英语课程标准》）、命题趋势（全国中考英语改革）及宿迁本地特色，2026年宿迁中考说明文阅读将呈现以下趋势： （一）命题趋势：素养导向与本土融合​ 核心素养深化：更注重语言能力（如信息提取、语法应用）、思维品质（如逻辑推理、批判性思维）、文化意识（如本土文化元素的融入）、学习能力（如自主复习策略）的考查。 本土文化渗透：可能增加宿迁地域词汇（如“Luoma Lake”、“Xiang Yu Memorial Hall”）或传统文化表达（如“Sizhou Opera”、“paper cutting”）的情景题，考查其英文翻译与语境应用。 时代热点关联：话题可能涉及环保（如“垃圾分类”、“低碳生活”）、科技（如“AI助老”、“线上学习”）、志愿服务（如“社区疫情防控”、“老人陪伴”）等时代主题，考查学生对现实问题的关注与解决能力。 （二）题型预测：多模态与综合化增强​ 多模态文本题：增加图表、广告、时间表等多模态文本的考查，要求结合图文信息与数据逻辑进行综合理解。例如，“学生课外阅读时间统计图”需描述数据分布并分析原因。 情景交际题：增加本土文化场景（如“咨询宿迁博物馆的开放时间”、“邀请朋友去骆马湖游玩”），考查英语思维的得体性与本土文化的英文表达。 隐性逻辑题：可能考查隐含信息（如广告中的“Call now!”隐含“名额有限”），要求学生在语境中识别而非孤立记忆。 （三）难度预测：基础与能力并重​ 基础题：保持50%占比，聚焦“四会词”（如“invite”、“remember”）、基础语法（如时态、介词）、固定搭配（如“look forward to doing”），考查学生对课本知识的掌握。 能力题：增加“熟词生义”（如“run”表“管理”）、“复杂逻辑”（如“转折+因果”的复合逻辑）的考查，要求学生在语境中灵活运用。 压轴题：设计“开放性说明文题”（如“如何选择适合自己的课外活动？”），考查学生的辩证思维与语言应用能力。 五、2026年中考英语说明文阅读备考建议​ 结合上述分析，备考需聚焦“基础夯实”“能力提升”“文化渗透”三大方向，具体建议如下： （一）基础夯实：筑牢信息提取根基​ 词汇积累： 掌握“四会词”（如“invite”、“remember”），重点记忆一词多义（如“light”表“光/轻的”）、固定搭配（如“look forward to doing”）。 使用“词汇矩阵”（如“动词+介词”、“形容词+名词”）分类记忆，提高词汇的应用能力。例如，“take”的搭配有“take care of”（照顾）、“take action”（采取行动）、“take part in”（参加）等。 语法巩固： 重点复习基础语法（如时态、介词、冠词），使用“语法过关”专题练习（如《全品中考复习方案》中的“语法过关”），结合语境理解语法规则（如“现在完成时”强调“影响”，“过去时”强调“过去发生的事”）。 （二）能力提升：强化逻辑与文化应用​ 逻辑训练： 多做“逻辑推理题”（如2025年宿迁模拟题中的“隐含信息题”），培养“语境-逻辑”的思维。 阅读“情景化短文”（如“Suqian Museum”、“Luoma Lake”的介绍），积累本土文化词汇（如“cultural heritage”、“traditional festival”），提高情景交际能力。 多模态文本训练： 多做“图表分析题”（如“学生兴趣爱好占比图表”），训练“图文转换”的能力。 阅读“广告、通知”等多模态文本，积累实用表达（如“Limited seats available”、“Register online”），提高信息提取能力。 （三）文化渗透：融入本土与国际​ 本土文化： 积累宿迁地域词汇（如“Luoma Lake”、“Xiang Yu Memorial Hall”、“Sizhou Opera”）及传统文化表达（如“paper cutting”、“traditional festival”），阅读相关文章（如“苏州园林的保护”、“南京云锦的传承”），写作中尝试融入。 国际视野： 阅读“China Daily青少年版”或“双减”等政策相关英文报道，了解国际热点（如“全球气候变化”、“AI发展”），培养“中外文化对比”思维（如“春节vs.圣诞节”、“纸质书vs.电子书”）。 （四）应试技巧：优化答题策略​ 时间管理： 考试时，先做容易题（如细节题、信息匹配题），再做难题（如逻辑推理题、多模态文本题），避免“卡壳”（如某题不会做，先跳过，最后回头思考）。 答题规范： 用“铅笔”圈画关键词（如“next Friday”、“school hall”），避免“乱涂乱画”； 写“清晰的正楷”，避免“连笔”或“草书”，提高卷面可读性。 六、总结​ 2026年宿迁中考英语说明文阅读将更注重素养考查（语言能力、思维品质、文化意识、学习能力），更贴近生活场景（校园、社区、文化），更强调本土融合（宿迁地域文化）。备考需“夯实基础”（词汇、语法）、“提升能力”（逻辑、文化）、“渗透文化”（本土与国际），同时掌握“解题技巧”（如定位法、推理法），才能在考试中取得好成绩。 建议考生从现在开始，制定“分阶段复习计划”（如4-5月夯实基础、6-7月专项提升、8-9月模拟实战），使用“错题本”记录易错点（如“同义替换”、“逻辑词辨析”），定期回顾，提高学习效率。同时，保持“良好心态”（如考试时不慌张，先做熟悉的题目），才能发挥出最佳水平。 【基础题】 A Are you always tired, even when you sleep a lot? It might be because you do not get enough B vitamins. B vitamins are important for our bodies. They help our bodies in two big ways. First, B vitamins turn food into energy. Second, they help make red blood cells (红细胞). They carry oxygen in our blood. There are eight different B vitamins. Each one has its own job, but they work together to help our bodies work well. If you do not get enough of these vitamins, you might feel very weak, lose your hair, or even feel pain in your body. Many people do not get enough B vitamins every day. Vegans sometimes do not get enough B12 because most of it comes from meat. Because of this, vegans may feel tired and not healthy. Athletes also need more B vitamins. They need more B9 because it is very vital for their body. So, what should you do to get B vitamins? The best way is to eat a variety of healthy foods, like green vegetables, meat, milk, and eggs. For example, a fish-and-egg sandwich gives you many of the B vitamins you need in one day. Sometimes, doctors may suggest vitamin supplements (补充剂) if you cannot get enough from food. But try to add many different foods to your diet. This will help you have more energy and keep your body healthy. ·Vegans are people who never eat meat or any animal products. 1．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By showing a picture. B．By telling a story. C．By asking a question. D．By listing numbers. 2．The underlined word “vital” in Paragraph 3 means “_____”. A．important B．different C．dangerous D．creative 3．Which of the following is TRUE about B vitamins? A．All kinds of B vitamins have no difference. B．People can get B vitamins from healthy foods. C．It’s no use for people to take vitamin supplements. D．B vitamins work in only one way to help our bodies. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to Keep Healthy B．The History of B Vitamins C．How to get B Vitamins D．The Importance of B Vitamins 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】科普知识、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了B族维生素对人体的重要性、缺乏的影响、获取途径，以及不同人群对B族维生素的需求差异。 1．第一段以提问开篇：“Are you always tired, even when you sleep a lot?”，这直接说明作者是通过提问的方式引入主题。 2．第三段指出B族维生素重要性的描述：“Because of this, vegans may feel tired and not healthy…They need more B9 because it is very vital for their body.”，可说明他们需要更多的B9，因为它对他们的身体非常重要，“vital”含义是“重要的”。 3．第四段明确指出：“The best way is to eat a variety of healthy foods, like green vegetables, meat, milk, and eggs”，这直接说明人们可以从健康食物中获取B族维生素。 4．文章首先介绍B族维生素的作用和重要性，接着说明缺乏的影响、不同人群的需求，最后讲解获取途径，核心围绕B族维生素的重要性展开。 B Have you ever seen beautiful red paper cuttings during the Spring Festival? This traditional Chinese art form has a history of over 1,500 years. It is an important part of Chinese culture. Paper-cutting is the art of cutting paper into different shapes and patterns. Artists use scissors or knives to create wonderful pictures. The most common color is red because in Chinese culture, red means happiness, good luck and success. You can often see paper cuttings on important occasions, especially the Spring Festival and weddings. People put paper cuttings on windows or doors to bring good luck and drive away bad things. Different patterns have different meanings. For example, the character “福” (fu) means good luck. Another popular pattern is the fish. The Chinese word for “fish” sounds like the word for “surplus” (盈余), so it stands for having more than you need every year. Making paper cuttings is not easy. It needs great skill and patience. Artists must be very careful because even a small mistake can ruin the whole work. Many artists learn this skill from their parents or grandparents. Today, paper-cutting is not only popular in China but also loved by people all over the world. In 2009, it was added to UNESCO’s list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. If you want to try this, you can start with simple patterns. It might be difficult at first, but with practice, you can create your own beautiful paper cutting and feel the charm of this traditional Chinese art. 1．When do people usually put up paper cuttings according to the passage? A．Only during the Spring Festival. B．Every day to decorate their homes. C．During festivals and special events like weddings. D．Only when they have a new house. 2．The underlined word “ruin” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________. A．make something perfect B．destroy something completely C．sell something to others D．finish something successfully 3．What can we know from the passage? A．Paper-cutting is easy to learn and everyone can do it well. B．Red is the only color used in Chinese paper-cutting. C．The pattern of fish is popular because it sounds like “surplus”. D．Paper-cutting is popular only in China. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Color Red in China B．How to Cut different patterns. C．A Traditional Art: Paper-Cutting D．Festivals and activities in China 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】中华文化、说明文、传统工艺 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统民间艺术剪纸，讲述了剪纸的历史、文化寓意、制作要求以及国际认可度等内容。 1．文章第二段“You can often see paper cuttings on important occasions, especially the Spring Festival and weddings.”，直接表明人们会在节日和婚礼这类特殊活动中张贴剪纸。 2．文章第四段“Artists must be very careful because even a small mistake can ruin the whole work.”并结合选项，艺术家必须非常小心，因为即使一个小错误也会毁掉整个作品。ruin的意思是“彻底破坏”。 3．根据文章第三段“Another popular pattern is the fish. The Chinese word for ‘fish’ sounds like the word for ‘surplus’ (盈余)”，直接表明鱼的图案很受欢迎是因为它的发音听起来像“盈余”。 4．全文围绕中国传统艺术剪纸展开介绍，内容涵盖剪纸的历史、文化、制作、地位各个方面，最合适的标题是“一种传统艺术：剪纸”。 C Can you imagine a world without the color pink? It might be hard, but it’s true that pink wasn’t always a popular color. A long time ago, in the 18th century, pink was actually a fashionable color for rich people in Europe. Both men and women wore pink clothes. They thought it showed luxury (奢华) because pink was not a natural color and it is made from expensive dyes. However, things changed in the 20th century. In the 1940s and 1950s, shops and advertisers started to tell people that pink is for girls and blue is for boys. This was a new idea. Before that, baby clothes were usually white because they were easy to wash. But after World War II, this idea of “pink for girls” became very popular, especially in America. Even the First Lady, Mamie Eisenhower, loved pink, which made the color even more famous. Today, pink is for everyone again! Many people, boys and girls, men and women, like to wear pink. It’s a color that can mean many things: love, kindness, fun, or just a favorite color. So remember, colors don’t belong to any gender (性别). You wear pink clothes just because you love it! 1．In the 18th century, who wore pink in Europe? A．Only poor people. B．Only rich women. C．Only girls. D．Both rich men and women. 2．What does the underlined word “dye” in Para. 2 mean? A．价格 B．身份 C．染料 D．款式 3．Why is the idea “pink for girls”so popular in the 1950s? A．Because of a famous singer. B．Because of the words of shops, advertisers. C．Because of a popular movie. D．Because of dye factories. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The history of the color pink. B．How to make pink dyes. C．Why boys don’t like pink. D．The most popular color in Europe. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】颜色、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了粉色这一颜色的历史变迁，从18世纪欧洲富人的时尚，到20世纪被定义为女孩专属色，再到如今重新成为所有人都可以选择的颜色，强调了颜色并不专属于某一性别。 1．第二段指出：“A long time ago, in the 18th century, pink was actually a fashionable color for rich people in Europe. Both men and women wore pink clothes.”，这直接说明在18世纪的欧洲，有钱的男人和女人都穿粉色。 2．第二段提到：“because pink was not a natural color and it is made from expensive dyes.”，粉色是由昂贵的材料制成，因此“dye”的意思是“染料”。 3．第三段说明：“In the 1940s and 1950s, shops and advertisers started to tell people that pink is for girls... But after World War II, this idea of ‘pink for girls’ became very popular”，这表明“粉色是女孩的颜色”这一观念在20世纪50年代流行是因为商店和广告商的宣传。 4．文章按时间顺序介绍了粉色从18世纪到现代的角色变化，因此主旨是粉色的历史。 【提升题】 A “Oh, my God! Did I really just send that text?” Most people have said something that they wish they could take back. And if they had paused (暂停) to think about it first, they probably would have acted differently. Pausing doesn’t pay off just when you speak. Scientific studies have shown that making a habit of pausing before you do something can actually have a big effect on how your life turns out. In making decisions we depend on two areas of the brain. One area creates and processes emotions (情感); the other governs logical (逻辑的) thoughts. The type of decision, how we feel about it, and how prepared we are to deal with it help decide which brain area has the most influence. But our age also plays an important role. Thinking through the results of one’s actions is actually harder for teens because the area controlling logical thoughts is not fully developed until around age 25. This is why teens often feel a strong emotional drive to act impulsively—it’s how their brains are structured! Though this tendency (倾向) to act without considering the results can lead to problematic situations, impulsivity during the developmental years evolves (进化) because it makes teens more open to new experiences and ideas. This openness helps teens to become independent adults. The key to making impulsivity work for you instead of against you is to train your brain by practising pausing. This doesn’t mean you stop taking risks or being open to new experiences. But you won’t know if the risk is worth it until you think it through. Deciding to take a risk based on logic shows self-control, not impulsivity. What are different ways to pause? You might take a deep breath, count to 10, or ask “Is this worth it?” Different strategies (策略) work for different people. Whatever works for you, keep doing it! By practising pausing, you can actually change your brain. This means that over time, pausing, instead of immediately reacting, becomes your “natural” response (反应). And with this change, people are on their way to enjoying the life rewards (回报) that come with high levels of self- control—even if they weren’t natural-born pausers! 1．What challenges teenagers? A．Giving a natural response. B．Making logical decisions. C．Acting before in-depth thinking. D．Choosing brain-training strategies. 2．The word impulsively in Paragraph 3 probably means ______. A．carefully showing self-control B．unwillingly planning without thinking C．calmly weighing the differences D．suddenly acting without considering the effects 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Scientific studies have shown that pausing works well when you speak. B．An impulsive person tends to stop considering and accepting new ideas. C．Training the brain by practising pausing can reduce the influence of emotional drive. D．By practising pausing, people can become natural-born pausers with good self-control. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Push the Pause Button B．Impulsivity Works Well C．Discover the Brain Function D．Crying Over the Spilt Milk 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】科普知识、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了养成做事前暂停思考的习惯对人生的积极影响，解释了青少年更易冲动行事的生理原因，同时说明了练习暂停可以训练大脑，帮助人们提升自控力，收获生活的回报。 1．根据文章第三段第二句“Thinking through the results of one’s actions is actually harder for teens because the area controlling logical thoughts is not fully developed until around age 25.”可知，对青少年而言，想清楚自身行为的后果实际上更为困难，因为控制逻辑思维的脑区直到25岁左右才会发育完全，故控制逻辑思维的脑区未发育完全，让做出符合逻辑的决定成为青少年需要面对的挑战。 2．根据前文提到青少年受情绪驱动、逻辑思维尚未发育完全，结合第三段第四句“act without considering the results can lead to problematic situations”可知，impulsively指不考虑影响就贸然行动，对应D选项的释义。 3．根据第四段第一句“The key to making impulsivity work for you instead of against you is to train your brain by practising pausing.”可知，通过练习暂停来训练大脑可以减少情感驱动的影响。 4．根据全文多次强调“pausing”、“pause before you do something”可知，全文围绕“做事前先暂停思考”这一核心展开，介绍了它的作用、训练方法和好处，核心主题是养成主动暂停思考的习惯，“Push the Pause Button（按下暂停键）”符合核心主旨。 B ①From food lovers to exercise and travel partners, young people have been looking for new ways to connect with others and share their hobbies. A popular way to do so is through dazi socializing (社交). ②The word dazi comes from the Shanghai dialect (方言). People first used it to talk about card-playing friends. Now, it refers to the partners who take part in certain activities together. And a dazi is not like a close friend. People usually don’t have a long and strong relationship with their dazi. ③Recently, more people want to seek a dazi to enjoy food, go on a trip, or study together. Xiaomi is one of them. ④Xiaomi, born in 1981, is an office worker in Shenzhen. She has looked for travel partners more than once. This March, Xiaomi went to Gansu Province and found a travel partner there. She also found another dazi during the trip. The three had a good time together during the journey. ⑤“We later started a chat group on WeChat, and we often shared good books. Starting as travel partners, we have become friends. I think I’m lucky!” Xiaomi said. ⑥However, the dazi culture doesn’t come without risks. Although looking for a dazi is not difficult, finding a perfect or nice dazi is not easy. Remember to be careful and pay attention to personal safety when looking for a dazi. 1．At first, the word dazi referred to people ________ together. A．doing sports B．taking trips C．enjoying food D．playing cards 2．What does the underlined word “seek” mean? A．Change. B．Find. C．Request. D．Understand. 3．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．It can be difficult to look for a dazi. B．Finding the perfect dazi always takes risks. C．You should be very careful when looking for a dazi. D．More people are paying attention to their personal safety. 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? A．①/②③/④⑤⑥ B．①②/③/④⑤⑥ C．①/②③④/⑤⑥ D．①②/③④⑤/⑥ 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】朋友、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了当前在年轻人中流行的一种新的社交方式——“搭子”，详细阐述了该词的起源与含义，并通过具体的事例展示了这种社交方式的现状，最后提醒人们在寻找“搭子”时要注意个人安全。 1．第二段指出最初的用法：“People first used it to talk about card-playing friends.”，这直接说明起初它指的是一起打牌的人。 2．第三段指出人们想“seek a dazi to enjoy food, go on a trip”，第四段紧接着以Xiaomi为例提到“She has looked for travel partners”，通过上下文对照，说明“seek”与“look for”同义，表示“寻找”。 3．最后一段给出安全建议：“Remember to be careful and pay attention to personal safety when looking for a dazi.”，直接提醒人们寻找搭子时要非常小心并注意个人安全。 4．文章结构划分明确：①②段为背景介绍与定义，③④⑤段为具体事例说明，⑥段为转折风险提示与总结建议，因此正确结构为①②/③④⑤/⑥。 C What is the biggest spiderweb you have ever seen? In a dark cave on the border between Greece and Albania, scientists have recently found a web that covers 106 square meters! Likely the biggest ever seen, the web is home to two types of spiders that we once thought never hung out together. About 69,000 common house spiders live in peace with more than 42,000 smaller Prinerigone vagans in the cave. Even though no sunlight reaches inside the cave, life is possible here because of a special ecosystem, reported New Atlas. By “cooking” food using energy-rich chemicals, tiny bacteria (细菌) grow on rocks and are eaten by small animals. The warm river that runs through the cave also helps life survive. Spiders are not insects, but arachnids (蛛形纲动物). There are over 45,000 kinds of spiders around the world. Some are as tiny as 0.03 centimeters long, while others can grow to over 30 cm wide. Usually, bigger spiders eat smaller ones. That is why scientists were surprised to find the two types living together in the cave. They think it was the house spiders that made the huge web, and that the P. vagans just live in it. P. vagans usually stay still until they catch food. Also, because it is very dark, the house spiders might not know about the other type being there. Lena Grinsted, a spider expert at the UK’s University of Portsmouth, agreed, saying that spiders are not very good at seeing things. But she also said the bigger spiders might have learned to only attack when small flies get stuck in the web. 1．Why were scientists surprised by the discovery in the cave? A．Two types of spiders lived together peacefully. B．The tiny bacteria in the cave could “cook” food. C．The spider web was the first one found in a dark cave. D．The common house spiders were smaller than P. vagans. 2．How is life possible in the dark cave without sunlight? A．Chemicals and the river help bacteria grow. B．The warm river brings food in from outside. C．Small animals can produce food on big rocks. D．Animals living in the cave look for food outside. 3．What might be one reason the two types of spiders can live together? A．They hunt at different times. B．They help each other catch food. C．The house spiders may not notice the P. vagans. D．P. vagans are too fast for the house spiders to catch. 4．What is the main topic of the passage? A．The discovery of the world’s largest spider. B．The hunting habits of different spider species. C．A special cave ecosystem that supports a huge spider web. D．The dangerous spiders living on the Greece-Albania border. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】常见动物、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家在希腊和阿尔巴尼亚边境的一个黑暗洞穴中发现的一个巨大蜘蛛网，并解释了在这个特殊生态系统中，两种蜘蛛能够和平共存的原因。 1．第四段指出“Usually, bigger spiders eat smaller ones. That is why scientists were surprised to find the two types living together in the cave.”，这说明科学家惊讶的原因是通常大蜘蛛会吃小蜘蛛，而他们发现两种蜘蛛在洞穴中和平共处。 2．第三段指出“Even though no sunlight reaches inside the cave, life is possible here because of a special ecosystem... By ‘cooking’ food using energy-rich chemicals, tiny bacteria grow on rocks... The warm river that runs through the cave also helps life survive.”，这表明生命能在无阳光的洞穴中存在，是因为富含能量的化学物质和温暖的河流帮助细菌生长。 3．第五段指出“Also, because it is very dark, the house spiders might not know about the other type being there.”，这表明一个可能的原因是洞穴非常黑暗，家蜘蛛可能没有注意到另一种蜘蛛的存在。 4．本文主要围绕一个特殊的洞穴生态系统展开，详细介绍了其中发现的巨大蜘蛛网、维持生命的化学和河流条件，以及两种蜘蛛共存的可能原因。因此，文章主题是关于支持巨大蜘蛛网的特殊洞穴生态系统。 【拔高题】 A A British woman used an ancient Chinese invention to help her son deal with a modern problem. Dr. Rashmi Mantri grew up in India. She was taught how to use an abacus (算盘) to solve math problems when she was a little girl. After noticing her son Dhruv had great difficulty with math, she started employing the same ancient Chinese tool to help him after school. In just six days, Dhruv started to show great interest in the abacus. He enjoyed learning on it because it was like a game. He said, “The abacus has wooden beads that slide (滑动) on rods. By moving the beads up and down, I can easily add or subtract (减去) numbers.” He started to learn fast and would go on to become an excellent student in math. Surprised by the progress, teachers asked Dhruv to perform with the abacus at a school meeting, where some parents even came to ask for advice on using it to help their kids. Known as the Fifth Invention of Ancient China, the Chinese abacus helped people solve all kinds of math problems in ancient China and is still used today. Some primary schools in China have opened abacus classes. People find that using an abacus can also improve thinking and practical abilities. In 2013, the Chinese abacus was officially listed as an intangible cultural heritage of human beings (人类非物质文化遗产). “The abacus becomes a playing tool for younger children. It feels like a game. I think the success comes because children can touch and feel an abacus and picture it in their mind.” said Dr. Mantri. 1．What does the underlined word “employing” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Counting. B．Using. C．Learning. D．Changing. 2．What do Paragraphs 1-3 tell us? A．Where the abacus was taught as a game. B．When the abacus became popular at school. C．How Dr. Mantri used the abacus to helped his son with maths. D．How the abacus became the Fifth Invention of Ancient China. 3．What does the word “progress” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Dhruv improved his math quickly. B．Parents were interested in the abacus. C．Teachers got better teaching methods. D．Children’s thinking became active. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Difficulties of Learning Maths B．The Importance of Improving Abilities C．The sale of the Chinese Abacus abroad D．The Magic of the Chinese Abacus 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】发明与创造、中华文化、说明文 【导语】本文主要讲述了英国医生Mantri利用中国古代发明——算盘，帮助儿子Dhruv快速提高数学成绩的故事，并介绍了算盘对于提升思维和动手能力的作用，最后强调了算盘的文化价值。 1．词句猜测题。根据“After noticing her son Dhruv had great difficulty with math, she started employing the same ancient Chinese tool to help him after school.”可知，这一句是说“在注意到她的儿子Dhruv在数学上有很大的困难后，她开始在放学后用同样的中国古代工具来帮助他”，因此画线词意为“使用”。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。根据第一至第三段内容可知，作者先介绍自己从小学习算盘的经历，再描述如何用算盘帮助儿子Dhruv提高数学成绩。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Surprised by the progress, teachers asked Dhruv to perform with the abacus at a school meeting, where some parents even came to ask for advice on using it to help their kids.”可知，老师对Dhruv的进步感到惊讶，因此文中“progress”指的是Dhruv在使用算盘后，数学方面取得的快速进步和显著提升。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文，文章主要围绕“中国算盘的神奇功效”展开，选项D适合作为文章标题。故选D。 B “Please don’t kill me.” This is what a girl said recently when she was attacked by a sea lion in California, US. Usually considered a friendly animal, many believe the sea lion went crazy because it was poisoned (毒害) by algae (海藻). The “criminal” is a kind of poison from a harmful algae. According to the US National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA Fisheries), more than 100 calls are made every day reporting sea lions and dolphins influenced by this poison. John Warner, CEO of the Marine Mammal Care Center in Los Angeles, told the BBC that these animals don’t really attack people. “These animals are reacting to the fact that they are sick,” he said. The harmful algae grows fast when deep ocean water moves up to the surface. This brings nutrients (营养) that help the algae grow. Fish eat the algae and get the poison, and when dolphins and sea lions eat those fish, they get sick. However, according to NOAA Fisheries, the harmful algae showed up earlier than usual. Climate change is a big reason for this, noted The Guardian. Warmer weather and changing ocean conditions make it easier for the algae to grow. Moreover, some scientists also think wildfires in Los Angeles might play a role. Large wildfires have caused the ocean near the beach to have more nutrients. 1．Why does the story begin with a girl being attacked by a sea lion? A．To explain what to do in such situations. B．To warn people to stay away from sea lions. C．To criticize humans for polluting the ocean. D．To show how poison can make sea lions act dangerously. 2．What can we learn from the US NOAA Fisheries? A．Many sea lions are affected by poison. B．The poison only affects sea lions and dolphins. C．The harmful algae are being dealt with. D．Scientists found a new poison from algae. 3．How does climate change affect the outbreaks of the harmful algae? A．It makes them grow deeper underwater. B．It causes genetic changes in the algae. C．It decreases nutrients in the water. D．It causes the algae to appear earlier. 4．What can be predicted about sea animals in California, according to the passage? A．They may continue to face health problems. B．They may cause climate change to be worse. C．They may stop eating the algae very soon. D．They may grow healthier as the ocean gets warmer. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 【难度】0.4 【知识点】常见动物、人与动植物、环境保护、说明文 【导语】本文主要讲述了美国加利福尼亚的海狮攻击人这一事件，解释了海狮攻击人的原因是食用了有毒藻类，还说明了藻类出现的原因与气候变化等因素有关。 1．细节理解题。根据“Please don’t kill me.”以及“many believe the sea lion went crazy because it was poisoned by algae.”可知，以女孩被海狮攻击这个事件开头，是为了引出海狮攻击人的原因，即因为被藻类毒害而行为危险。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“According to the US National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA Fisheries), more than 100 calls are made every day reporting sea lions and dolphins influenced by this poison.”可知，每天有超过100个电话报告海狮和海豚受到这种毒素的影响，说明许多海狮受到了毒害。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“However, according to NOAA Fisheries, the harmful algae showed up earlier than usual. Climate change is a big reason for this, noted The Guardian. Warmer weather and changing ocean conditions make it easier for the algae to grow.”可知，气候变化导致有害藻类比往常更早出现，因为温暖的天气和变化的海洋条件使藻类更容易生长。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Fish eat the algae and get the poison, and when dolphins and sea lions eat those fish, they get sick.”以及“Warmer weather and changing ocean conditions make it easier for the algae to grow.”可知，藻类生长更容易，鱼类会吃藻类中毒，海狮等吃了中毒的鱼也会生病，所以可以预测加利福尼亚的海洋动物可能会继续面临健康问题。故选A。 C On January 20, 2025, DeepSeek launched its R1 LLM, which quickly became popular, even surpassing Open AI’s ChatGPT in the Apple App Store. This large number of users created a big buzz in the tech world and even affected the stock prices of many AI companies. One of the best features of DeepSeek is that it is open-source, which means it is free to use, and anyone can change its code. This makes it much cheaper—20 to 50 times less expensive—than Open AI’s GPT-3 model. Unlike other AIs that need many examples to learn, R1 can improve on its own. In a global math test, DeepSeek R1 scored 79.8%, which is slightly better than Open AI’s model. This is another advantage of DeepSeek. DeepSeek is easy to use, even on basic computers. A simpler version of R1 can run on low-cost computers, making it helpful for schools and small businesses. Many schools in China now use DeepSeek to create quizzes and study materials. For students, DeepSeek is like a 24/7 study partner! Its AI models can solve math problems step-by-step, explain tricky science concepts, and check grammar mistakes in English essays. Imagine asking, “How do I calculate the area of a triangle?” and getting the answer at once with clear examples. While it can be helpful, students might start to rely too much on it for answers, which could make it harder for them to think critically and solve problems on their own. This raises concerns about whether AI can help students truly understand and arouse their interests in learning. At a recent forum on March 22nd, a professor shared a poem written by DeepSeek. He said, “The poem is well written. Technology can copy style and tone. But...you know, as the Chinese saying goes, ‘it is easy to draw a dragon, but rather difficult to put in the life-giving eyes.’” In conclusion, as technology like DeepSeek benefits students a lot, it also presents challenges for teachers. Educators need to help students balance its use with regular study methods. Guide them to think carefully about the information that AI tools provide. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．How DeepSeek R1 performs in math test. B．Why DeepSeek R1 is cheaper than GPT-3. C．Why DeepSeek R1 is better than other AIs. D．How DeepSeek R1 improves its performance. 2．Which best summarizes the role of DeepSeek for students? A．An all-day study partner. B．A professional math teacher. C．An English grammar helper. D．A science concepts assistant. 3．What can we infer about the poem mentioned in Paragraph 5? A．It was better than other famous poems. B．It was short of real feelings or depth. C．It was praised for its creativity. D．It showed that AI can write as well as humans. 4．What is the writer’s opinion towards the use of AI in education? A．AI is much better than teachers. B．AI can help students and replace teachers. C．AI benefits students more than teachers. D．AI brings both benefits and challenges. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】科学技术、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了DeepSeek R1大模型的特点、优势及其在教育领域的应用，同时也探讨了AI技术带来的挑战。 1．主旨大意题。根据“This makes it much cheaper—20 to 50 times less expensive—than Open AI’s GPT-3 model.”和“In a global math test, DeepSeek R1 scored 79.8%, which is slightly better than Open AI’s model. This is another advantage of DeepSeek.”可知，DeepSeek比GPT-3模型便宜得多，并且全球数学测试得分略高于Open AI的模型，这是DeepSeek的两个优势，由此可知此段主要讲述了“为什么DeepSeek R1比其他AI好”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“For students, DeepSeek is like a 24/7 study partner! Its AI models can solve math problems step-by-step, explain tricky science concepts, and check grammar mistakes in English essays.”可知，DeepSeek对学生而言是一个全天候的学习伙伴。其他选项（数学老师、语法助手、科学概念助手）仅为部分功能，未全面概括其角色。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“it is easy to draw a dragon, but rather difficult to put in the life-giving eyes.”可知，教授用“画龙画虎难画骨”来形容DeepSeek写的诗，由此可知他的意思应是AI写的诗虽形式完整，但缺乏真实情感或深度。故选B。 4．观点态度题。根据“In conclusion, as technology like DeepSeek benefits students a lot, it also presents challenges for teachers.”可知，作者认为AI在教育中既有利也有弊。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 焦点04 阅读理解之说明文 备战2026年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习之题型特训 【题型解析】 一、2026年中考英语说明文阅读核心结论​ 2026年宿迁中考英语说明文阅读作为实用类文本阅读的重要板块，延续“基础信息提取+语境逻辑应用+素养融合”的考查导向，重点考查细节理解、逻辑推理、词汇精准辨析及文化意识。其核心变化在于：弱化孤立信息记忆，强化“语篇-语境-生活”的综合运用，融入宿迁地域文化元素（如骆马湖、项王故里、泗州戏），同时注重思维品质（如批判性思维、信息整合）的考查。 结合宿迁市2026年考试方案及近年命题趋势，说明文阅读的分值占比约为15%-20%（参考2025年调整后的题量），题型仍以“四选一”为主，但多模态文本（如图表、示意图、数据表）的比重可能提升，成为区分度较高的题型。 二、2026年中考英语说明文阅读重难点分析​ 宿迁中考说明文阅读的重难点主要集中在“信息的精准提取”、“语境的逻辑推理”、“文化的融合应用”三大维度，具体可分为以下几类： （一）信息提取类：细节与范围的精准定位​ 信息提取是说明文阅读的基础，2026年的考查更强调“在语境中定位信息”，而非孤立的“找答案”。主要难点包括： 细节信息的精准匹配​ 说明文（如科普文、文化介绍文）中的时间、地点、人物、数字等细节是高频考点，需结合语境判断其准确性。例如，2025年宿迁模拟题中“G8298次列车从宿迁到徐州东的时间”考查细节定位（15:30出发，16:04到达），需准确计算时长（34分钟）。 易错点：同义替换（如“free”对应“no cost”、“postpone”对应“put off”）和跨段信息混淆（如将活动A的时间与活动B的地点错误拼接）。 信息范围的合理界定​ 说明文中的限定词（如“only”、“all”、“some”）是易错点，需判断信息的适用范围。例如，“Only students with ID cards can enter the library”中的“only”限定了进入图书馆的人群，需排除“无ID卡的学生”的干扰。 （二）逻辑推理类：语境与逻辑的隐含判断​ 逻辑推理是说明文阅读的核心，2026年的考查更强调“语篇内的逻辑关联”，而非孤立的句子理解。主要难点包括： 逻辑连接词的辨析​ 说明文中的转折（but/however）、因果（because/so）、递进（besides/moreover）等逻辑词是推理的关键，需根据上下文判断逻辑关系。例如，“The event is free, but you need to register online”中的“but”表转折，需推断“免费但需注册”的逻辑。 隐含信息的合理推断​ 说明文中的言外之意（如广告中的“Call now!”隐含“名额有限”）是高频难点，需结合语境推断。例如，“Limited seats available”隐含“需尽快报名”，需推断作者的宣传意图。 （三）文化融合类：本土与国际的语境应用​ 文化意识是2026年中考的新增重点，说明文阅读可能融入宿迁地域文化（如骆马湖、项王故里、泗州戏）或国际文化（如“一带一路”、跨文化交际），考查其英文表达与语境应用。主要难点包括： 本土文化词汇的积累​ 如“Luoma Lake”（骆马湖）、“Xiang Yu Memorial Hall”（项王故里）、“Sizhou Opera”（泗州戏）等，需掌握其英文翻译及语境应用。例如，2026年宿迁模拟题中“—Have you been to Luoma Lake? —______”考查情景交际的应答（“Yes, it’s a beautiful place to relax”），需结合“Luoma Lake”的本土文化背景判断。 跨文化交际的表达​ 如“table manners”（餐桌礼仪）、“festival customs”（节日习俗）等，需掌握其英文表达及文化内涵。例如，“Chinese New Year is a time for family reunion”考查跨文化交际的应答，需结合“Chinese New Year”的文化背景判断。 （四）多模态文本类：图文与数据的转换理解​ 多模态文本（如图表、广告、时间表）是2026年的新增难点，需结合图文信息与数据逻辑进行综合理解。主要难点包括： 图表数据的转换​ 如“学生兴趣爱好占比图表”需描述数据分布（如“60%的学生喜欢阅读”）并分析原因（如“阅读能增长知识”）。 易错点：数据误解（如将“百分比”误判为“绝对数量”）。 图文信息的匹配​ 如“旅游指南中的地图”需匹配景点与位置（如“项王故里位于宿迁市中心”），需结合图文信息进行定位。 三、2026年中考英语说明文阅读解题步骤​ 针对说明文阅读的“实用性、语境化”特点，需采用“定位-推理-验证”的解题策略，具体步骤如下： （一）第一步：快速浏览，把握语篇类型与主旨​ 识别语篇类型：说明文的标题、格式（如“Notice”、“Advertisement”）是识别关键，需快速判断其类型（如科普文、文化介绍文、广告）。例如，“Notice from the School English Club”是通知，需关注“时间、地点、活动内容”。 把握主旨大意：通过首句（如“Our school will hold a Spring Festival Culture Sharing event next Friday”）快速判断语篇主旨（如“学校将举办春节文化活动”），明确阅读目标。 （二）第二步：定位信息，解决细节题​ 圈画关键词：根据题干中的时间（如“next Friday”）、地点（如“school hall”）、人物（如“foreign teacher”）等关键词，快速定位原文中的相关信息。例如，“When will the event start?”中的“next Friday”定位到原文“March 29th”。 匹配选项：将选项中的信息与原文中的信息逐一对比，排除错误选项（如时间不符、地点错误），选择正确答案。例如，“The event will start at 3:00 pm”匹配选项“3:00 pm”。 （三）第三步：逻辑推理，解决推断题​ 分析逻辑词：根据上下文的转折（but/however）、因果（because/so）等逻辑词，推断隐含信息。例如，“The event is free, but you need to register online”中的“but”表转折，推断“免费但需注册”。 联系语境：结合语篇的场景（如校园活动、社区服务），推断言外之意。例如，“Limited seats available”隐含“需尽快报名”，需推断作者的宣传意图。 （四）第四步：验证答案，确保逻辑连贯​ 代入原文：将所选答案代入原文，检查逻辑连贯（如“时间、地点、活动内容”是否一致）。例如，“The event will start at 3:00 pm and last for 2 hours”代入原文，检查是否符合“next Friday”的时间安排。 排除干扰：剔除语法错误（如主谓不一致）或语义矛盾（如“免费但需支付费用”）的选项，确保答案的准确性。 四、2026年中考英语说明文阅读预测分析​ 结合政策导向（《义务教育英语课程标准》）、命题趋势（全国中考英语改革）及宿迁本地特色，2026年宿迁中考说明文阅读将呈现以下趋势： （一）命题趋势：素养导向与本土融合​ 核心素养深化：更注重语言能力（如信息提取、语法应用）、思维品质（如逻辑推理、批判性思维）、文化意识（如本土文化元素的融入）、学习能力（如自主复习策略）的考查。 本土文化渗透：可能增加宿迁地域词汇（如“Luoma Lake”、“Xiang Yu Memorial Hall”）或传统文化表达（如“Sizhou Opera”、“paper cutting”）的情景题，考查其英文翻译与语境应用。 时代热点关联：话题可能涉及环保（如“垃圾分类”、“低碳生活”）、科技（如“AI助老”、“线上学习”）、志愿服务（如“社区疫情防控”、“老人陪伴”）等时代主题，考查学生对现实问题的关注与解决能力。 （二）题型预测：多模态与综合化增强​ 多模态文本题：增加图表、广告、时间表等多模态文本的考查，要求结合图文信息与数据逻辑进行综合理解。例如，“学生课外阅读时间统计图”需描述数据分布并分析原因。 情景交际题：增加本土文化场景（如“咨询宿迁博物馆的开放时间”、“邀请朋友去骆马湖游玩”），考查英语思维的得体性与本土文化的英文表达。 隐性逻辑题：可能考查隐含信息（如广告中的“Call now!”隐含“名额有限”），要求学生在语境中识别而非孤立记忆。 （三）难度预测：基础与能力并重​ 基础题：保持50%占比，聚焦“四会词”（如“invite”、“remember”）、基础语法（如时态、介词）、固定搭配（如“look forward to doing”），考查学生对课本知识的掌握。 能力题：增加“熟词生义”（如“run”表“管理”）、“复杂逻辑”（如“转折+因果”的复合逻辑）的考查，要求学生在语境中灵活运用。 压轴题：设计“开放性说明文题”（如“如何选择适合自己的课外活动？”），考查学生的辩证思维与语言应用能力。 五、2026年中考英语说明文阅读备考建议​ 结合上述分析，备考需聚焦“基础夯实”“能力提升”“文化渗透”三大方向，具体建议如下： （一）基础夯实：筑牢信息提取根基​ 词汇积累： 掌握“四会词”（如“invite”、“remember”），重点记忆一词多义（如“light”表“光/轻的”）、固定搭配（如“look forward to doing”）。 使用“词汇矩阵”（如“动词+介词”、“形容词+名词”）分类记忆，提高词汇的应用能力。例如，“take”的搭配有“take care of”（照顾）、“take action”（采取行动）、“take part in”（参加）等。 语法巩固： 重点复习基础语法（如时态、介词、冠词），使用“语法过关”专题练习（如《全品中考复习方案》中的“语法过关”），结合语境理解语法规则（如“现在完成时”强调“影响”，“过去时”强调“过去发生的事”）。 （二）能力提升：强化逻辑与文化应用​ 逻辑训练： 多做“逻辑推理题”（如2025年宿迁模拟题中的“隐含信息题”），培养“语境-逻辑”的思维。 阅读“情景化短文”（如“Suqian Museum”、“Luoma Lake”的介绍），积累本土文化词汇（如“cultural heritage”、“traditional festival”），提高情景交际能力。 多模态文本训练： 多做“图表分析题”（如“学生兴趣爱好占比图表”），训练“图文转换”的能力。 阅读“广告、通知”等多模态文本，积累实用表达（如“Limited seats available”、“Register online”），提高信息提取能力。 （三）文化渗透：融入本土与国际​ 本土文化： 积累宿迁地域词汇（如“Luoma Lake”、“Xiang Yu Memorial Hall”、“Sizhou Opera”）及传统文化表达（如“paper cutting”、“traditional festival”），阅读相关文章（如“苏州园林的保护”、“南京云锦的传承”），写作中尝试融入。 国际视野： 阅读“China Daily青少年版”或“双减”等政策相关英文报道，了解国际热点（如“全球气候变化”、“AI发展”），培养“中外文化对比”思维（如“春节vs.圣诞节”、“纸质书vs.电子书”）。 （四）应试技巧：优化答题策略​ 时间管理： 考试时，先做容易题（如细节题、信息匹配题），再做难题（如逻辑推理题、多模态文本题），避免“卡壳”（如某题不会做，先跳过，最后回头思考）。 答题规范： 用“铅笔”圈画关键词（如“next Friday”、“school hall”），避免“乱涂乱画”； 写“清晰的正楷”，避免“连笔”或“草书”，提高卷面可读性。 六、总结​ 2026年宿迁中考英语说明文阅读将更注重素养考查（语言能力、思维品质、文化意识、学习能力），更贴近生活场景（校园、社区、文化），更强调本土融合（宿迁地域文化）。备考需“夯实基础”（词汇、语法）、“提升能力”（逻辑、文化）、“渗透文化”（本土与国际），同时掌握“解题技巧”（如定位法、推理法），才能在考试中取得好成绩。 建议考生从现在开始，制定“分阶段复习计划”（如4-5月夯实基础、6-7月专项提升、8-9月模拟实战），使用“错题本”记录易错点（如“同义替换”、“逻辑词辨析”），定期回顾，提高学习效率。同时，保持“良好心态”（如考试时不慌张，先做熟悉的题目），才能发挥出最佳水平。 【基础题】 A Are you always tired, even when you sleep a lot? It might be because you do not get enough B vitamins. B vitamins are important for our bodies. They help our bodies in two big ways. First, B vitamins turn food into energy. Second, they help make red blood cells (红细胞). They carry oxygen in our blood. There are eight different B vitamins. Each one has its own job, but they work together to help our bodies work well. If you do not get enough of these vitamins, you might feel very weak, lose your hair, or even feel pain in your body. Many people do not get enough B vitamins every day. Vegans sometimes do not get enough B12 because most of it comes from meat. Because of this, vegans may feel tired and not healthy. Athletes also need more B vitamins. They need more B9 because it is very vital for their body. So, what should you do to get B vitamins? The best way is to eat a variety of healthy foods, like green vegetables, meat, milk, and eggs. For example, a fish-and-egg sandwich gives you many of the B vitamins you need in one day. Sometimes, doctors may suggest vitamin supplements (补充剂) if you cannot get enough from food. But try to add many different foods to your diet. This will help you have more energy and keep your body healthy. ·Vegans are people who never eat meat or any animal products. 1．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By showing a picture. B．By telling a story. C．By asking a question. D．By listing numbers. 2．The underlined word “vital” in Paragraph 3 means “_____”. A．important B．different C．dangerous D．creative 3．Which of the following is TRUE about B vitamins? A．All kinds of B vitamins have no difference. B．People can get B vitamins from healthy foods. C．It’s no use for people to take vitamin supplements. D．B vitamins work in only one way to help our bodies. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to Keep Healthy B．The History of B Vitamins C．How to get B Vitamins D．The Importance of B Vitamins B Have you ever seen beautiful red paper cuttings during the Spring Festival? This traditional Chinese art form has a history of over 1,500 years. It is an important part of Chinese culture. Paper-cutting is the art of cutting paper into different shapes and patterns. Artists use scissors or knives to create wonderful pictures. The most common color is red because in Chinese culture, red means happiness, good luck and success. You can often see paper cuttings on important occasions, especially the Spring Festival and weddings. People put paper cuttings on windows or doors to bring good luck and drive away bad things. Different patterns have different meanings. For example, the character “福” (fu) means good luck. Another popular pattern is the fish. The Chinese word for “fish” sounds like the word for “surplus” (盈余), so it stands for having more than you need every year. Making paper cuttings is not easy. It needs great skill and patience. Artists must be very careful because even a small mistake can ruin the whole work. Many artists learn this skill from their parents or grandparents. Today, paper-cutting is not only popular in China but also loved by people all over the world. In 2009, it was added to UNESCO’s list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. If you want to try this, you can start with simple patterns. It might be difficult at first, but with practice, you can create your own beautiful paper cutting and feel the charm of this traditional Chinese art. 1．When do people usually put up paper cuttings according to the passage? A．Only during the Spring Festival. B．Every day to decorate their homes. C．During festivals and special events like weddings. D．Only when they have a new house. 2．The underlined word “ruin” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________. A．make something perfect B．destroy something completely C．sell something to others D．finish something successfully 3．What can we know from the passage? A．Paper-cutting is easy to learn and everyone can do it well. B．Red is the only color used in Chinese paper-cutting. C．The pattern of fish is popular because it sounds like “surplus”. D．Paper-cutting is popular only in China. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Color Red in China B．How to Cut different patterns. C．A Traditional Art: Paper-Cutting D．Festivals and activities in China C Can you imagine a world without the color pink? It might be hard, but it’s true that pink wasn’t always a popular color. A long time ago, in the 18th century, pink was actually a fashionable color for rich people in Europe. Both men and women wore pink clothes. They thought it showed luxury (奢华) because pink was not a natural color and it is made from expensive dyes. However, things changed in the 20th century. In the 1940s and 1950s, shops and advertisers started to tell people that pink is for girls and blue is for boys. This was a new idea. Before that, baby clothes were usually white because they were easy to wash. But after World War II, this idea of “pink for girls” became very popular, especially in America. Even the First Lady, Mamie Eisenhower, loved pink, which made the color even more famous. Today, pink is for everyone again! Many people, boys and girls, men and women, like to wear pink. It’s a color that can mean many things: love, kindness, fun, or just a favorite color. So remember, colors don’t belong to any gender (性别). You wear pink clothes just because you love it! 1．In the 18th century, who wore pink in Europe? A．Only poor people. B．Only rich women. C．Only girls. D．Both rich men and women. 2．What does the underlined word “dye” in Para. 2 mean? A．价格 B．身份 C．染料 D．款式 3．Why is the idea “pink for girls”so popular in the 1950s? A．Because of a famous singer. B．Because of the words of shops, advertisers. C．Because of a popular movie. D．Because of dye factories. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The history of the color pink. B．How to make pink dyes. C．Why boys don’t like pink. D．The most popular color in Europe. 【提升题】 A “Oh, my God! Did I really just send that text?” Most people have said something that they wish they could take back. And if they had paused (暂停) to think about it first, they probably would have acted differently. Pausing doesn’t pay off just when you speak. Scientific studies have shown that making a habit of pausing before you do something can actually have a big effect on how your life turns out. In making decisions we depend on two areas of the brain. One area creates and processes emotions (情感); the other governs logical (逻辑的) thoughts. The type of decision, how we feel about it, and how prepared we are to deal with it help decide which brain area has the most influence. But our age also plays an important role. Thinking through the results of one’s actions is actually harder for teens because the area controlling logical thoughts is not fully developed until around age 25. This is why teens often feel a strong emotional drive to act impulsively—it’s how their brains are structured! Though this tendency (倾向) to act without considering the results can lead to problematic situations, impulsivity during the developmental years evolves (进化) because it makes teens more open to new experiences and ideas. This openness helps teens to become independent adults. The key to making impulsivity work for you instead of against you is to train your brain by practising pausing. This doesn’t mean you stop taking risks or being open to new experiences. But you won’t know if the risk is worth it until you think it through. Deciding to take a risk based on logic shows self-control, not impulsivity. What are different ways to pause? You might take a deep breath, count to 10, or ask “Is this worth it?” Different strategies (策略) work for different people. Whatever works for you, keep doing it! By practising pausing, you can actually change your brain. This means that over time, pausing, instead of immediately reacting, becomes your “natural” response (反应). And with this change, people are on their way to enjoying the life rewards (回报) that come with high levels of self- control—even if they weren’t natural-born pausers! 1．What challenges teenagers? A．Giving a natural response. B．Making logical decisions. C．Acting before in-depth thinking. D．Choosing brain-training strategies. 2．The word impulsively in Paragraph 3 probably means ______. A．carefully showing self-control B．unwillingly planning without thinking C．calmly weighing the differences D．suddenly acting without considering the effects 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Scientific studies have shown that pausing works well when you speak. B．An impulsive person tends to stop considering and accepting new ideas. C．Training the brain by practising pausing can reduce the influence of emotional drive. D．By practising pausing, people can become natural-born pausers with good self-control. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Push the Pause Button B．Impulsivity Works Well C．Discover the Brain Function D．Crying Over the Spilt Milk B ①From food lovers to exercise and travel partners, young people have been looking for new ways to connect with others and share their hobbies. A popular way to do so is through dazi socializing (社交). ②The word dazi comes from the Shanghai dialect (方言). People first used it to talk about card-playing friends. Now, it refers to the partners who take part in certain activities together. And a dazi is not like a close friend. People usually don’t have a long and strong relationship with their dazi. ③Recently, more people want to seek a dazi to enjoy food, go on a trip, or study together. Xiaomi is one of them. ④Xiaomi, born in 1981, is an office worker in Shenzhen. She has looked for travel partners more than once. This March, Xiaomi went to Gansu Province and found a travel partner there. She also found another dazi during the trip. The three had a good time together during the journey. ⑤“We later started a chat group on WeChat, and we often shared good books. Starting as travel partners, we have become friends. I think I’m lucky!” Xiaomi said. ⑥However, the dazi culture doesn’t come without risks. Although looking for a dazi is not difficult, finding a perfect or nice dazi is not easy. Remember to be careful and pay attention to personal safety when looking for a dazi. 1．At first, the word dazi referred to people ________ together. A．doing sports B．taking trips C．enjoying food D．playing cards 2．What does the underlined word “seek” mean? A．Change. B．Find. C．Request. D．Understand. 3．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．It can be difficult to look for a dazi. B．Finding the perfect dazi always takes risks. C．You should be very careful when looking for a dazi. D．More people are paying attention to their personal safety. 4．Which is the right structure of the passage? A．①/②③/④⑤⑥ B．①②/③/④⑤⑥ C．①/②③④/⑤⑥ D．①②/③④⑤/⑥ C What is the biggest spiderweb you have ever seen? In a dark cave on the border between Greece and Albania, scientists have recently found a web that covers 106 square meters! Likely the biggest ever seen, the web is home to two types of spiders that we once thought never hung out together. About 69,000 common house spiders live in peace with more than 42,000 smaller Prinerigone vagans in the cave. Even though no sunlight reaches inside the cave, life is possible here because of a special ecosystem, reported New Atlas. By “cooking” food using energy-rich chemicals, tiny bacteria (细菌) grow on rocks and are eaten by small animals. The warm river that runs through the cave also helps life survive. Spiders are not insects, but arachnids (蛛形纲动物). There are over 45,000 kinds of spiders around the world. Some are as tiny as 0.03 centimeters long, while others can grow to over 30 cm wide. Usually, bigger spiders eat smaller ones. That is why scientists were surprised to find the two types living together in the cave. They think it was the house spiders that made the huge web, and that the P. vagans just live in it. P. vagans usually stay still until they catch food. Also, because it is very dark, the house spiders might not know about the other type being there. Lena Grinsted, a spider expert at the UK’s University of Portsmouth, agreed, saying that spiders are not very good at seeing things. But she also said the bigger spiders might have learned to only attack when small flies get stuck in the web. 1．Why were scientists surprised by the discovery in the cave? A．Two types of spiders lived together peacefully. B．The tiny bacteria in the cave could “cook” food. C．The spider web was the first one found in a dark cave. D．The common house spiders were smaller than P. vagans. 2．How is life possible in the dark cave without sunlight? A．Chemicals and the river help bacteria grow. B．The warm river brings food in from outside. C．Small animals can produce food on big rocks. D．Animals living in the cave look for food outside. 3．What might be one reason the two types of spiders can live together? A．They hunt at different times. B．They help each other catch food. C．The house spiders may not notice the P. vagans. D．P. vagans are too fast for the house spiders to catch. 4．What is the main topic of the passage? A．The discovery of the world’s largest spider. B．The hunting habits of different spider species. C．A special cave ecosystem that supports a huge spider web. D．The dangerous spiders living on the Greece-Albania border. 【拔高题】 A A British woman used an ancient Chinese invention to help her son deal with a modern problem. Dr. Rashmi Mantri grew up in India. She was taught how to use an abacus (算盘) to solve math problems when she was a little girl. After noticing her son Dhruv had great difficulty with math, she started employing the same ancient Chinese tool to help him after school. In just six days, Dhruv started to show great interest in the abacus. He enjoyed learning on it because it was like a game. He said, “The abacus has wooden beads that slide (滑动) on rods. By moving the beads up and down, I can easily add or subtract (减去) numbers.” He started to learn fast and would go on to become an excellent student in math. Surprised by the progress, teachers asked Dhruv to perform with the abacus at a school meeting, where some parents even came to ask for advice on using it to help their kids. Known as the Fifth Invention of Ancient China, the Chinese abacus helped people solve all kinds of math problems in ancient China and is still used today. Some primary schools in China have opened abacus classes. People find that using an abacus can also improve thinking and practical abilities. In 2013, the Chinese abacus was officially listed as an intangible cultural heritage of human beings (人类非物质文化遗产). “The abacus becomes a playing tool for younger children. It feels like a game. I think the success comes because children can touch and feel an abacus and picture it in their mind.” said Dr. Mantri. 1．What does the underlined word “employing” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Counting. B．Using. C．Learning. D．Changing. 2．What do Paragraphs 1-3 tell us? A．Where the abacus was taught as a game. B．When the abacus became popular at school. C．How Dr. Mantri used the abacus to helped his son with maths. D．How the abacus became the Fifth Invention of Ancient China. 3．What does the word “progress” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Dhruv improved his math quickly. B．Parents were interested in the abacus. C．Teachers got better teaching methods. D．Children’s thinking became active. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Difficulties of Learning Maths B．The Importance of Improving Abilities C．The sale of the Chinese Abacus abroad D．The Magic of the Chinese Abacus B “Please don’t kill me.” This is what a girl said recently when she was attacked by a sea lion in California, US. Usually considered a friendly animal, many believe the sea lion went crazy because it was poisoned (毒害) by algae (海藻). The “criminal” is a kind of poison from a harmful algae. According to the US National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA Fisheries), more than 100 calls are made every day reporting sea lions and dolphins influenced by this poison. John Warner, CEO of the Marine Mammal Care Center in Los Angeles, told the BBC that these animals don’t really attack people. “These animals are reacting to the fact that they are sick,” he said. The harmful algae grows fast when deep ocean water moves up to the surface. This brings nutrients (营养) that help the algae grow. Fish eat the algae and get the poison, and when dolphins and sea lions eat those fish, they get sick. However, according to NOAA Fisheries, the harmful algae showed up earlier than usual. Climate change is a big reason for this, noted The Guardian. Warmer weather and changing ocean conditions make it easier for the algae to grow. Moreover, some scientists also think wildfires in Los Angeles might play a role. Large wildfires have caused the ocean near the beach to have more nutrients. 1．Why does the story begin with a girl being attacked by a sea lion? A．To explain what to do in such situations. B．To warn people to stay away from sea lions. C．To criticize humans for polluting the ocean. D．To show how poison can make sea lions act dangerously. 2．What can we learn from the US NOAA Fisheries? A．Many sea lions are affected by poison. B．The poison only affects sea lions and dolphins. C．The harmful algae are being dealt with. D．Scientists found a new poison from algae. 3．How does climate change affect the outbreaks of the harmful algae? A．It makes them grow deeper underwater. B．It causes genetic changes in the algae. C．It decreases nutrients in the water. D．It causes the algae to appear earlier. 4．What can be predicted about sea animals in California, according to the passage? A．They may continue to face health problems. B．They may cause climate change to be worse. C．They may stop eating the algae very soon. D．They may grow healthier as the ocean gets warmer. C On January 20, 2025, DeepSeek launched its R1 LLM, which quickly became popular, even surpassing Open AI’s ChatGPT in the Apple App Store. This large number of users created a big buzz in the tech world and even affected the stock prices of many AI companies. One of the best features of DeepSeek is that it is open-source, which means it is free to use, and anyone can change its code. This makes it much cheaper—20 to 50 times less expensive—than Open AI’s GPT-3 model. Unlike other AIs that need many examples to learn, R1 can improve on its own. In a global math test, DeepSeek R1 scored 79.8%, which is slightly better than Open AI’s model. This is another advantage of DeepSeek. DeepSeek is easy to use, even on basic computers. A simpler version of R1 can run on low-cost computers, making it helpful for schools and small businesses. Many schools in China now use DeepSeek to create quizzes and study materials. For students, DeepSeek is like a 24/7 study partner! Its AI models can solve math problems step-by-step, explain tricky science concepts, and check grammar mistakes in English essays. Imagine asking, “How do I calculate the area of a triangle?” and getting the answer at once with clear examples. While it can be helpful, students might start to rely too much on it for answers, which could make it harder for them to think critically and solve problems on their own. This raises concerns about whether AI can help students truly understand and arouse their interests in learning. At a recent forum on March 22nd, a professor shared a poem written by DeepSeek. He said, “The poem is well written. Technology can copy style and tone. But...you know, as the Chinese saying goes, ‘it is easy to draw a dragon, but rather difficult to put in the life-giving eyes.’” In conclusion, as technology like DeepSeek benefits students a lot, it also presents challenges for teachers. Educators need to help students balance its use with regular study methods. Guide them to think carefully about the information that AI tools provide. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．How DeepSeek R1 performs in math test. B．Why DeepSeek R1 is cheaper than GPT-3. C．Why DeepSeek R1 is better than other AIs. D．How DeepSeek R1 improves its performance. 2．Which best summarizes the role of DeepSeek for students? A．An all-day study partner. B．A professional math teacher. C．An English grammar helper. D．A science concepts assistant. 3．What can we infer about the poem mentioned in Paragraph 5? A．It was better than other famous poems. B．It was short of real feelings or depth. C．It was praised for its creativity. D．It showed that AI can write as well as humans. 4．What is the writer’s opinion towards the use of AI in education? A．AI is much better than teachers. B．AI can help students and replace teachers. C．AI benefits students more than teachers. D．AI brings both benefits and challenges. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $