Unit 4 Part 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading（同步练习）-【学而思·PPT课件分层练习】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第三册（译林版）

Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.(2025江苏无锡月考)Farmers who struggle for 　　　　　(survive) cut down the forests for agricultural land, which does harm to the local ecosystem.  2.(2025安徽安庆开学考试)Learning doesn't have to be 　　　　　(limit) to the classroom. Beyond the classroom, learning is endless.  3.(2025北京月考)Taking part in volunteer communities is highly beneficial 　　　　　 us, as it provides us with social experience and a sense of responsibility.  4.He is a man of 　　　　　(wise), which can be seen from his comments on this film.  5.The company is developing a new kind of paper which is 　　　　(intend) to prevent teenagers from getting short-sighted.  6.(2025北京)When 　　　　　(ask) why they chose so many AP classes, my friends responded: “I don't know.”  7.Due to the bad weather, the school sports meet will 　　　　　(postpone) to next Monday.  8.(2025新课标Ⅱ)Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as 　　　　　(improve) grades and 　　　　　(increase) self-confidence.  Ⅱ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) speed up;pay off;refer to;through trial and error; draw on 　　Living in a village, Tom often saw farmers washing potatoes with great efforts. One day, it occurred to him that maybe he could invent a machine to help them. After 1.　　　　　　 many books about mechanics, he collected sufficient data, and then began to take action. 2.　　　　　　, his efforts finally 3.　　　　　　. The machine took off. 4.　　　　　　 the machine invented by Tom, local farmers' lives were obviously improved.  Ⅲ.完成句子 1.(2025广东佛山联考)研究人员进行了一项实验,在实验中他们搭建了一个容器,让蜜蜂能够从蜂巢前往进食区域。 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in which they set up a container that allowed bees to travel from their nest to a feeding area.  2.(2022全国甲写作)我写这篇短文的目的是呼吁所有人来保护海洋。(intention) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 this essay is to call for all the people to protect the ocean.  3.杰夫的手碰到了热炉子,但是直到他父亲进来他才哭起来。 Jeff's hand touched the hot burner but he 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 his father came in.(读后续写—情节描写)  4.说完这些话,他看了一下他的手表,然后生气地离开了。(with+宾语+宾补) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, he glanced at his watch and left angrily.(读后续写—动作描写)  能力提升练 Ⅰ.课文语法填空 　　Born in 1930 in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu Youyou has acquired a broad knowledge of both 　1　(tradition) Chinese medicine and Western medicine after a long period of study. In 1969, Tu began to lead 　2　 team that intended to find a cure for malaria. When they failed to produce any promising results, Tu referred 　3　 the ancient books. 　4　(inspire) by an old text, she succeeded in making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice. However, without sufficient safety data, Tu and her team couldn't test the extract on real patients. They decided to test it on 　5　(they) first.  　　Fortunately, their efforts finally paid off. In November 1972, they 　6　(successful) discovered qinghaosu, 　7　 is now a key part of many malaria medicines. Qinghaosu has since benefited about 200 million malaria patients. In 2015, Tu 　8　(award) a Nobel Prize for her work, becoming the first Chinese female scientist 　9　(receive) a Nobel Prize. Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients now have a great chance of 　10　(survive).  1.　　　　　2.　　　　　3.　　　　　4.　　　　　5.　　　　  6.　　　　　7.　　　　　8.　　　　　9.　　　　　10.　　　　  Ⅱ.语法填空 (2025湖南长沙雅礼教育集团期中) 　　A heartwarming story has attracted global attention on Xiaohongshu, 　1　 is called China's Instagram. Katharina, an American girl, 　2　(post) a video on the platform in search of Simon, a Chinese exchange student she met at her school between 2017 and 2018. Katharina recalled their bond: “Though our time was brief, we could discuss anything,” she said, reflecting on their tie 　3　(build) on mutual respect.  　　　4　 seven years of no contact and geographical separation, Katharina's intention to reconnect with Simon never faded and even grew stronger. Inspired by the widespread use of Xiaohongshu among many Americans, she decided to download the app, 　5　(hope) it could help her find the lost friend. The response was unbelievable: 　6　(count) users shared her post, offered encouraging words, and sent their heartfelt blessings.  　　To Katharina's 　7　(amaze), her video reached Simon in just one day, thanks to the collective efforts of compassionate netizens. She thought these beautiful memories were hers alone, but the kindness of so many people left her 　8　(deep) touched.  The story, which has moved millions, shows how technology boosts a human bond. The exchanges on Xiaohongshu—whether through sharing images of pets, or offering support for 　9　(academy) challenges—highlight the shared humanity of individuals from both China and the United States. Each interaction indicates 　10　 universal desire for connection and understanding.  1.　　　　　2.　　　　　3.　　　　　4.　　　　　5.　　　　  6.　　　　　7.　　　　　8.　　　　　9.　　　　　10.　　　　  Ⅲ.阅读理解 A (2024江苏无锡、江阴两校联考月考) 　　Valerie L. Thomas is an African American scientist and inventor best known for her patented(专利的) illusion transmitter(幻觉发射器) and contributions to NASA research. 　　Thomas was born in 1943 in Maryland. She was interested in science as a child. At the age of eight, her curiosity about how things worked inspired her to borrow a book called The Boy's First Book of Radio and Electronics. She took it home and hoped that her father would help her take on some projects in it. However, he didn't help her. 　　She attended an all-girls high school that did not help her with hands-on projects either. But this changed in college, when Thomas was admitted to Morgan State University as one of the only two women in her class to major in physics. Thomas excelled in her studies. She graduated with standout results and accepted a position as a data analyst at NASA.  　　In the 1970s, she managed the development of the image-processing systems for Landsat, the first satellite(人造卫星) to send images to the Earth from space. In 1980, Thomas received a patent for an illusion transmitter. The device produces optical(视觉的) illusion images by means of two concave mirrors(凹面镜). Unlike flat mirrors, which produce images that appear to be inside, or behind the mirror, concave mirrors create images that appear to be real, or in front of the mirror itself. This technology was later used by NASA and has since been adapted for use in surgery(外科手术) as well as the production of television and video screens. 　　Thomas continued to work for NASA until her retirement in 1995. Over the course of her career, Thomas contributed widely to the study of space. She helped develop computer program designs that supported research on Halley's Comet, the ozone layer, and satellite technology. As to her achievements, Thomas received a number of NASA awards including the Goddard Space Flight Center Award of Merit and the NASA Equal Opportunity Medal. 1.What do we know about Thomas' early life? A.She was talented in science.　　 B.She liked working with her father. C.She lacked support for her interest.　　 D.She preferred to read boys' books. 2.What does the underlined phrase “excelled in” in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Did well in.　　B.Had confidence in.　　C.Was curious about.　　D.Was concerned with. 3.What is the advantage of Thomas' invention over flat mirrors? A.It takes pictures more clearly.　　 B.It transmits images more quickly. C.It changes the position of the image.　　 D.It can send images to the Earth from space. 4.What does the last paragraph focus on? A.Thomas' future plans.　　B.Thomas' retirement life. C.Thomas' research theory.　　D.Thomas' lifetime achievements. B (2025江苏苏州工业园区星海实验中学阶段练习) 　　A major scientific achievement has been recognized with the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. This award was given to a team using machine learning to solve a big problem in biology: predicting and designing the 3D shapes of proteins(蛋白质). Most of this work was done at a tech company, marking a notable shift that high-level scientific research can also originate outside traditional academic settings. 　　Proteins are crucial for our bodies and are involved in almost every biological process. The shape of a protein determines its function. If a protein is shaped incorrectly, it can cause serious diseases like Alzheimer's disease and diabetes(糖尿病). Historically, predicting a protein's shape from its amino acid sequence(序列) was very difficult and puzzled scientists for decades. 　　The breakthrough happened with AlphaFold 2, a machine learning program that can accurately predict protein structures from their amino acid sequences. This tool has changed the field, providing insights into the structure of over 200 million proteins so far. This data is expected to speed up progress in medicine and drug development, opening new ways to treat diseases. 　　The tech company's success with AlphaFold 2 also underscores the growing impact of artificial intelligence in various scientific domains, showing that AI can tackle complex biological problems and contribute to critical advancements in health and medicine. 　　The Nobel Prize committee awarded this work to highlight the value of combining different areas in science, where technology and biology meet to create amazing results. This achievement not only shows what AI can do but also sets an example for future scientific projects that combine technology with traditional research to address global problems. 5.Why was the team awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry? A.They made a breakthrough and found a cure for diseases like diabetes. B.They analyzed the functions of essential proteins at a tech company. C.They worked out protein structures with a machine learning program. D.They created a new way to treat diseases through traditional research. 6.Why is the shape of a protein critical to its function? A.It leads to the development of the diseases.　　 B.It offers insights into the structure of protein. C.It speeds up the progress of medicine and drugs.　　 D.It affects the protein's role in biological processes. 7.What does the underlined word “underscores” in paragraph 4 mean? A.Minimizes.　　B.Highlights.　　C.Questions.　　D.Overlooks. 8.What possibility does the author imply about the future of scientific research? A.An increase in joint efforts between different fields. B.An amazing change in academic research settings. C.A new focus on solving biological problems. D.A lessened dependence on machine learning techniques. 答案与分层梯度式解析 Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.survival　考查名词。介词for后需接名词作宾语,survival表示“生存,存活”时是不可数名词,故填survival。句意:为生存而挣扎的农民为了农田砍伐森林,这对当地的生态系统造成了破坏。 2.limited　考查过去分词。limit sth. to sth.意为“使某事只在某地存在”,此处为其被动形式,故用limited。句意:学习不必局限于课堂。课堂之外,学习是无止境的。 3.to/for　考查介词。be beneficial to/for...是固定搭配,意为“对……有益”。句意:参加志愿者团体对我们非常有益,因为这给予了我们社会经验和责任感。 4.wisdom　考查名词。设空处作介词of的宾语,故用名词。句意:他是一个有智慧的人,这可以从他对这部电影的评论中看出来。 5.intended　考查形容词。be intended to do sth.表示“目的是做某事;旨在做某事”,故填intended。句意:这家公司正在研发一种旨在防止青少年近视的新型纸张。 6.asked　考查动词-ed形式作状语。分析句子可知,逗号前的部分在句中作状语,为状语从句的省略形式,省略从句主语(和主句主语一致)和be动词,my friends和ask之间为被动关系,所以用动词-ed形式。故填asked。 7.be postponed　考查动词的语态。设空处与前面的will一起构成句子谓语,主语与postpone之间为被动关系,所以应用被动语态。根据空前的will可知,助动词应用be。故填be postponed。 8.improved;increased　考查动词-ed形式作定语。分析句子可知,设空处都作定语,grades和improve之间及self-confidence和increase之间均为被动关系,所以用动词-ed形式,故填improved和increased。 Ⅱ.1.referring to　2.Through trial and error　3.paid off　4.Drawing on Ⅲ.1.Researchers did/performed/conducted an experiment　2.My intention to write　3.didn't cry until　4.With these words said 能力提升练 Ⅰ.1.traditional　考查形容词。设空处修饰medicine,作定语,应用形容词,故填traditional。traditional Chinese medicine表示“中医”。 2.a　考查冠词。team是可数名词,此处表泛指,应用不定冠词,故填a。 3.to　考查介词。refer to表示“查阅;提及;提到”,故填to。 4.Inspired　考查过去分词。句中已有谓语动词,因此设空处为非谓语动词,在句中作状语,根据by可知,主语she和inspire之间是被动关系,故填Inspired。 5.themselves　考查反身代词。设空处作介词on的宾语,与主语指代相同,应用反身代词,故填themselves。 6.successfully　考查副词。设空处修饰动词discovered,应用副词,故填successfully。 7.which　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,分析该句结构可知,逗号后部分缺少主语,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词为qinghaosu,指物,故填which。 8.was awarded　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语,根据时间状语In 2015可知此处应用一般过去时,动词award与主语Tu之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,主语Tu是第三人称单数形式,谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式,故填was awarded。 9.to receive　考查动词不定式。设空处作定语,修饰scientist,且scientist被序数词修饰,应用动词不定式作后置定语。 10.survival　考查名词。设空处作介词of的宾语,结合语境可知此处应用名词,故填survival。have a great chance of survival表示“有很大的生存希望”。 Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了美国女孩Katharina通过小红书寻到多年前结识的中国交换生Simon,彰显了科技对人际联系的促进。 【高频词汇】　1.platform n.平台;讲台　2.exchange n.交换;交流　3.bond n.关系;纽带　4.brief adj.短暂的;简洁的　5.reflect on认真思考;沉思　6.contact n.联系;接触　7.widespread adj.广泛的　8.response n.反应;答复 【熟词生义】　post熟义:v.邮寄　生义:v.(在互联网上)发布 n.帖子 【差距词汇】　1.mutual adj.相互的;共同的 2.collective adj.集体的,共同的　3.compassionate adj.有同情心的 1.which　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,空后部分缺少主语,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,先行词是Xiaohongshu,指物。故填which。 2.posted　考查动词的时态。设空处作谓语,根据语境可知此处介绍发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故填posted。 3.built　考查过去分词。设空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语,build与其逻辑主语their tie之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词。故填built。 4.Despite　考查介词。逗号前的部分作状语,根据“no contact and geographical separation(没有联系且地理上的分隔)”和“never faded and even grew stronger(从未减弱,甚至变得更强了)”可知,设空处需用介词despite,意为“尽管”,设空处位于句首,单词首字母应大写。故填Despite。 5.hoping　考查现在分词。句中已有谓语动词decided,设空处需用非谓语动词,hope与主语she之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词。故填hoping。 6.countless　考查形容词。设空处修饰users,需用形容词,结合语境可知,此处表示“无数的用户分享了她的帖子”,countless意为“无数的,数不清的”符合语境。故填countless。 7.amazement　考查名词。“to one's+名词”是固定搭配,意为“令人……”。故填amazement。 8.deeply　考查副词。设空处修饰形容词touched,需用副词,deeply touched意为“深受感动”。故填deeply。 9.academic　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词challenges,需用形容词,academic challenges意为“学业上的挑战”。故填academic。 10.a　考查冠词。desire意为“愿望”时是可数名词,此处泛指“一种对于联系和理解的共同愿望”。故填a。 Ⅲ.A ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了非裔美国科学家瓦莱丽·L. 托马斯的故事。她对美国的太空研究做出了巨大贡献。 【高频词汇】　1.curiosity n.好奇心　2.inspire sb. to do sth.鼓舞某人做某事　3.take on决定做;承担;呈现;接纳;雇用　4.attend v.定期去;参加;出席;照料　5.admit v.接收;承认;认可　6.adapt v.使适应,使适合 7.retirement n.退休　8.contribute to...有助于……;促进…… 【熟词生义】　course 熟义:n.课程;过程　生义:n.进程;进展 【差距词汇】　patent n.专利权;专利证书 1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“her curiosity about how things worked inspired her to borrow a book...took it home and hoped that her father would help her take on some projects in it. However, he didn't help her.”可知,托马斯把一本书带回家,希望父亲能帮助她完成其中的一些项目,但他没有帮助她;根据第三段中的“She attended an all-girls high school that did not help her with hands-on projects either.”可知,她就读的女子高中也没有帮助她。由此可知,托马斯在早期生活中缺乏别人对她的兴趣的支持。故选C。 2.A　词义猜测题。根据下文“She graduated with standout results and accepted a position as a data analyst at NASA.”可知,她以优异的成绩毕业,并接受了美国国家航空和航天局数据分析师的职位。由此推知,她在学业上“表现良好”。故选A。 3.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Unlike flat mirrors...concave mirrors create images that appear to be real, or in front of the mirror itself.”可知,平面镜产生的图像看起来像是在镜子的内部或后面,凹面镜产生的图像看起来像是真实的,或在镜子本身的前面,所以托马斯的发明相对于平面镜的优点是它改变了图像的位置。故选C。 4.D　主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Over the course of her career, Thomas contributed widely to...She helped develop...As to her achievements, Thomas received a number of NASA awards”可知,托马斯做出了许多贡献,因为她的贡献,她获得了美国国家航空和航天局的多项奖项。由此可知,最后一段主要讲的是托马斯一生的成就。故选D。 B ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2024年诺贝尔化学奖授予的团队利用机器学习预测和设计了蛋白质三维结构。该团队的成就体现了将不同科学领域相结合的价值。 【高频词汇】　1.recognize v.认可;辨别　2.predict v.预测,预计　3.shift n.改变　4.academic adj.学术的 5.crucial adj.至关重要的　6.determine v.决定;确定 7.insight n.洞悉,了解　8.highlight v.突出,强调 【熟词生义】　address 熟义:n.地址　生义:v.处理,设法解决 【差距词汇】　1.notable adj.显著的;重要的　2.domain n.领域,范围 5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知,该团队获奖是因为他们使用机器学习预测和设计出了蛋白质的三维结构。故选C。 6.D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句可知,蛋白质对人体至关重要,几乎参与每一个生物过程,而蛋白质的形状决定其功能,即蛋白质的形状影响其在生物过程中的作用。故选D。 7.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知,这家科技公司借助AlphaFold 2取得的成功,表明人工智能能够解决复杂的生物学问题,并有助于健康和医学领域的关键进展。由此推出,这家科技公司的成功是对人工智能的影响力的一种体现和强调。所以underscores与highlights意思相近,意为“突出,强调”。故选B。 8.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,诺贝尔奖委员会颁奖是为了强调科学中不同领域结合的价值,这项成就为未来将技术与传统研究相结合的科学项目树立了榜样。所以推知,关于科学研究的未来,作者暗示不同领域之间的合作会增加。故选A。 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $