Unit 2 Part 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading（同步练习）-【学而思·PPT课件分层练习】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第三册（译林版）

Unit 2　Natural disasters Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.He knew that if he informed the teacher 　　　　　 it, he would absolutely get punished.  2.(2025浙江杭州期末)Struggling to get up, I lost my balance and crashed 　　　　　 the doorframe.  3.(2025江苏无锡月考)In 　　　　　(react) to the phenomenon, some people call for raising the import taxes.  4.To write a good essay, you must first organize your ideas in an 　　　　　(order) way.  5.(2025江苏连云港月考)Floods are common and frequently 　　　　(destruct) natural events that annually affect around 250 million people worldwide.  6.The host signalled the people in the sports hall 　　　　　(be) quiet.  7.(2025湖南娄底期中)A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles 　　　　　(injure) and this meant not running for two weeks.  8.It 　　　　　(confirm) that measures have been taken by the local government to rescue those trapped in the building.  9.　　　　　 suddenly occurred to him that he had a bad habit to get rid of.  10.Jennifer became the first in her large family 　　　　　(earn) a bachelor's degree.  Ⅱ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) safe and sound;keep one's head;at large;to one's relief 　　It is reported that a house collapsed(倒塌) yesterday due to a typhoon and two children were buried in ruins. Happily, they soon 1.　　　　　　 and waited for rescue calmly. Though the exit was blocked, the soldiers tried their best to save them and 2.　　　　, the children were 3.　　　　　　 when they were finally found.  Ⅲ.完成句子 1.想到迈克能找到工作,我松了一口气,并对所有帮助过迈克的人心存感激。(relief) Thinking Mike could find a job, I sighed 　　　　 　　　　 and felt grateful to all the people who helped Mike.(读后续写—心理描写)  2.(2024新课标Ⅰ)我一见到他就给了他一个大大的拥抱,对他热情地微笑着。 I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the moment I saw him, beaming a warm smile at him.(读后续写—动作描写)  3.(2025新课标Ⅰ写作)我被告知英语报要增设一个栏目。(inform) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the English newspaper was going to add a new column.  4.我们正在爬山,这时开始下雨。 We 　　　　 　　　　 the mountain 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.  5.比尔(Bill)一开门就认出了这对善良的夫妇,他微笑着和他们打招呼。(一句多译) ①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, he recognized the kind couple, and he greeted them with a smile. (the moment)  ②　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 he recognized the kind couple and he greeted them with a smile.(Hardly...when...)(读后续写—动作描写)  能力提升练 Ⅰ.课文语法填空 　　On 17 March, Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, 　1　(teach) when the floor began to shake. Happily, all the students reacted 　2　(proper)—they moved under their desks and held on to the legs of the desks. When the shaking stopped, it was the best time for the class 　3　 (make) their escape. Miss Brown let her students exit the classroom in 　4　 orderly line with their hands on their heads. Soon, the whole class went to the playground with none of them 　5　 (injure). It was the practice of earthquake 　6　(safe) procedures that helped the students protect 　7　(they) during the earthquake.  On 20 December, the day began as usual on Goldshore Beach. People were walking, running or simply sitting on it. However, a 10-year-old girl noticed that something odd happened to the water, 　8　 was signs of a 　9　(come) tsunami. Although her parents just thought she was joking, she kept asking them to talk to a safety officer about the signs. 　10　 her relief, the officer rapidly cleared the beach of people just before the huge waves crashed into the coast. Thanks to the girl, around 100 people were saved.  1.　　　　　2.　　　　　3.　　　　　4.　　　　　5.　　　　  6.　　　　　7.　　　　　8.　　　　　9.　　　　　10.　　　　  Ⅱ.语法填空 (2025陕西武功县普集高级中学期中) 　　Kenya sped up efforts on Thursday to evacuate(疏散) hundreds of people trapped by floods 　1　 have hit many parts of the East African country.  　　Floods　2　(make) more than 600,000 people homeless since the beginning of the heavy rains in November, according to the Red Cross, which is helping to coordinate the rescue efforts.  　　Tens of thousands of people in northern Kenya have lost livestock(家畜), farmland 　3　 homes due to the floods 　4　(describe) by aid groups as the worst in 100 years. An international team of scientists reported last week that the ongoing rains in eastern Africa have become much 　5　(heavy) than before due to human-caused climate change.  　　On Wednesday, British High Commissioner Neil Wigan visited remote Mandera County, where 　6　 severe drought a year ago destroyed the livelihood of people in many 　7　(community). “Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing everyone in the world, but you see in places like northern Kenya, where the impact of the drought, livestock's death and now the flood on people's livelihood has been 　8　(extreme) huge, we can make efforts to provide food, medicine and other necessary supplies 　9　 people in the short run,” Wigan said. “But how can we build systems nationally and internationally aiming 　10　(deal) with the effects of climate change?”  1.　　　　　2.　　　　　3.　　　　　4.　　　　　5.　　　　  6.　　　　　7.　　　　　8.　　　　　9.　　　　　10.　　　　  Ⅲ.阅读理解 A (2025湖北荆州月考) 　　Mikuni Fumitaka, a 68-year-old retired resident of the Tohoku region, lived through one of the most destructive natural disasters in recent history: the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. On March 11, 2011, Mikuni was at home in his seaside village, following his daily routine, when the ground suddenly shook violently. The intense shakes made it difficult for Mikuni to stay on his feet, and the deafening noise filled the air. The houses around him swayed as if they were made of paper. 　　As soon as the shakes stopped, Mikuni knew he had to act quickly. He rushed outside and joined his neighbors, heading for higher ground. However, the tsunami wave was approaching at an alarming speed. The wave swallowed the village, sweeping away homes, cars, and anything else in its path. Mikuni was separated from his neighbors as the powerful currents dragged him in a different direction. He grasped a piece of wood, struggling to stay afloat. “I thought I was going to die. I started to think about my family and friends. I couldn't give up. I had to survive for them,” he says. As night fell, Mikuni was finally rescued by a search and rescue team. 　　The days following the earthquake and tsunami were a blur of grief and confusion. The village was unrecognizable, reduced to ruins. Many of Mikuni's friends and neighbors were missing or confirmed dead. The survivors faced the terrifying task of rebuilding their lives from scratch. Mikuni's home was completely destroyed, and he lost many cherished possessions. 　　However, Mikuni found comfort in the community's spirit of cooperation. The survivors worked together to clear debris, share resources, and support one another. The sense of community was incredible, giving them the courage to keep going. 　　Years have passed since that tragic day, and Mikuni reflects on the journey his community has taken. They have come a long way, with physical and emotional scars (创伤), and they are becoming stronger and better. 1.What did Mikuni experience during the disaster? A.He felt the gentle shakes.　　 B.He rushed to a higher building. C.He held floating wood to survive.　　 D.He got separated from families. 2.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.The great loss of possessions.　　 B.The joint efforts to restart lives. C.The difficult task of rebuilding.　　 D.The sad scenes caused by the disaster. 3.Which words best describe the community from its response to the disaster? A.Strong and patient.　　B.Supportive and united. C.Open and considerate.　　D.Organized and creative. 4.What can be inferred about Mikuni's present state from the last paragraph? A.He is scarred but positive.　　B.He is still trapped in the past. C.He is stressed but determined.　　D.He is uncertain about the future. B (2024江苏连云港期中) 　　Two and a half months before the 2024 Atlantic hurricane season officially begins, and almost six months before it enters its peak(高峰), weathermen are already predicting(预测) that it could be particularly active. 　　Officially, the hurricane season begins from June 1 and runs through November. One reason is that sea surface temperatures in the tropical(热带的) Atlantic are already at record highs. 　　Meanwhile, another significant potential factor in this year's hurricane season is taking shape thousands of miles away in the Pacific. Over periods ranging from two to seven years, the waters of the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean warm and cool in turn as a result of a repeating climate pattern called the El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO). El Niño makes Atlantic hurricanes less likely to form but La Niña makes them more likely. 　　During the 2023 season, ENSO was in an El Niño period. However, by the time the 2024 season starts, it will have changed into a “neutral(中立)” period, but by the peak months, it is likely to have changed fully into a La Niña period. 　　“How quickly that change occurs can affect everything as well,” says Alex DaSilva, a leading hurricane weatherman. “There's a lag time. So, while we expect the change to occur in mid summer, it may not be until late summer or fall when we really see those effects across the Atlantic basin.” As a result, he says, this year's hurricane season could remain particularly active deep into November.  　　Of course, no report can predict when individual storms will come or the paths they will take, but DaSilva warns that those who live in areas likely to suffer hurricanes, especially around the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico, should prepare. “If a tropical storm system comes into this area, it could rapidly strengthen, potentially close to land,” he also warns. “And that's why people need to be careful and have their hurricane plans ready. Because any system with these kinds of conditions can explode very quickly. That's what we're concerned about.” 5.What is the function of Paragraph 1? A.To give advice.　　B.To explain the season. C.To introduce the topic.　　D.To inform people of a weather report. 6.What is a reason for this year's hurricane season? A.The hurricane season has entered its peak. B.A repeating climate has changed weather in summer. C.The sea surface temperatures are the highest of all time. D.El Niño makes Atlantic hurricanes more likely to form. 7.What do the underlined words “a lag time” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A.A time delay.　　B.A time zone.　　 C.A waste of time.　　D.A time in advance. 8.What does DaSilva agree with about this year's hurricane season? A.It can be exactly predicted ahead of time. B.People needn't worry about the hurricane season. C.It may be eventually controlled by weathermen. D.People can't be more careful about the hurricane season. 答案与分层梯度式解析 Unit 2　Natural disasters Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.of/about　考查介词。inform sb. of/about sth.意为“通知某人某事”。句意:他知道如果他把这件事告诉老师,他绝对会受到惩罚。 2.into　考查介词。 crash into意为“撞上”。句意:我挣扎着站起来时失去了平衡,撞在了门框上。 3.reaction　考查名词。短语in reaction to...意为“针对……,作为对……的反应”。故填reaction。句意:针对这一现象,一些人要求增加进口税。 4.orderly　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词way,应用形容词。故填orderly。 5.destructive　考查形容词。设空处修饰natural events,且前面有frequently修饰,由此可知此处需用形容词。故填destructive。句意:洪水是一种常见且经常具有破坏性的自然事件,每年影响全球约2.5亿人。 6.to be　考查动词不定式。signal sb. to do sth.意为“示意某人做某事”。故填to be。 7.was injured　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处作谓语,动词injure与主语one of my ankles之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,结合语境可知,此处表示过去发生的事情,所以用一般过去时,主语为one of my ankles,谓语动词应用单数形式。故填was injured。句意:在我第一次参加马拉松比赛的一个月前,我的一个脚踝受伤了,这意味着两周不能跑步。 8.is confirmed　考查固定句式。此处为“It is/was confirmed that...”句式,意为“据证实……”。根据语境可知应用一般现在时,故填is confirmed。句意:据证实,当地政府已经采取了措施去营救被困在大楼里的人们。 9.It　考查固定句式。此处构成“It occurred to sb. that...”句式,意为“某人想起……”,其中It作形式主语,that从句作真正的主语。故填It。句意:他突然想起他有一个坏习惯要改掉。 10.to earn　考查动词不定式作定语。the first后接动词不定式作定语。故填to earn。句意:珍妮弗是她的大家庭中第一个获得学士学位的人。 类比启发 　　当中心词是序数词、形容词最高级、the last、the only等或中心词被这类词修饰时,多用不定式作后置定语。 Ⅱ.1.kept their head　2.to their relief　3.safe and sound Ⅲ.1.in/with relief　2.gave him a big hug　3.I was informed that　4.were climbing;when it began to rain　5.①The moment Bill opened the door　②Hardly had Bill opened the door when 能力提升练 Ⅰ.1.was teaching　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语,此处是“was/were doing sth. when...”句型,表示“正在做某事,这时……”,主语是Alice Brown,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填was teaching。 2.properly　考查副词。此处修饰动词reacted,应用副词,故填properly。 3.to make　考查动词不定式。设空处在句中作定语,修饰time,根据前面的最高级the best可知此处应用动词不定式。故填 to make。 4.an　考查冠词。line是可数名词单数形式,此处表示泛指,应填不定冠词,又因为orderly的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。 5.injured　考查过去分词。“with none of them 　5　”是with的复合结构,设空处作宾补,none of them与动词injure之间是被动关系,故用过去分词injured。  6.safety　考查名词。设空处作定语,与earthquake一起修饰procedures,表示“地震安全程序”,说明被修饰词的类别,故用名词形式。句意:正是地震安全程序的训练帮助学生们在地震中保护了自己。 7.themselves　考查反身代词。设空处作protect的宾语,指代the students,表示“保护他们自己”,应用反身代词。 8.which　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前为逗号,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语,先行词为something,故填which。 9.coming　考查现在分词。根据空前的不定冠词a和空后的名词tsunami可知,设空处作定语,修饰tsunami,且动词come与tsunami之间是主动关系,故用现在分词coming,表示“即将到来的”。 10.To　考查介词。to one's relief表示“让某人宽慰的是”,是固定搭配,注意首字母大写。 Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了肯尼亚遭受严重洪水灾害和加快疏散受灾民众的情况,并阐述了气候变化对全球尤其是肯尼亚北部的影响。 【高频词汇】　1.trap v.困住　2.due to由于,因为 3.remote adj.偏远的;遥远的　4.severe adj.十分严重的;极为恶劣的　5.challenge n.挑战;质疑　6.impact n.影响,作用 v.有影响　7.effect n.影响,作用 【差距词汇】　1.coordinate v.使协调,使相配合 2.livelihood n.生计;生活 1.that/which　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,分析句子可知,空后部分缺少主语,句中无连词,故推测设空处引导定语从句,且在定语从句中作主语,先行词是floods,指物。故填that或which。 2.have made　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处为主句的谓语,根据时间状语“since the beginning of the heavy rains in November”可知,此处需用现在完成时,主语floods为复数形式,助动词应用have。故填have made。 3.and/or　考查连词。设空处前后的livestock、farmland和homes是并列的,表示“家畜、农田和家园”或“家畜、农田或家园”。故填and或or。 4.described　考查过去分词。句中已有谓语have lost,设空处需用非谓语动词形式,作后置定语,describe与逻辑主语floods之间构成被动关系,所以用过去分词形式。故填described。 5.heavier　考查形容词的比较级。根据本句中的than before可知,此处需用比较级形式。故填heavier。 6.a　考查冠词。drought是可数名词,此处泛指“一场严重的旱灾”,应用不定冠词,drought的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 7.communities　考查名词的数。community为可数名词,空前有many修饰,所以需用复数形式。故填communities。 8.extremely　考查副词。设空处修饰形容词huge,需用副词。故填extremely。 9.for　考查介词。provide sth. for sb.是固定用法,意为“为某人提供某物”。故填for。 10.to deal　考查动词不定式。aim to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“力求做某事”。故填to deal。 Ⅲ. A ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了Mikuni Fumitaka所在的地区发生了地震和海啸,他的社区里的人们在灾难后互相支持,共渡难关的故事。 【高频词汇】　1.region n.地区,区域;行政区　2.routine n.常规,惯例　3.violently adv.强烈地;厉害地 4.approach v.靠近;处理 n.方法　5.sweep v.席卷;打扫;清除 n.清扫　6.survive v.存活,生存　7.possession n.个人财产,所有物　8.reflect on认真思考;沉思 【熟词生义】　current 熟义:adj.当前的　生义:n.水流 【差距词汇】　1.sway v.摇摆;摆动;使动摇　2.blur n.模糊不清　3.grief n.悲伤　4.from scratch从头开始;白手起家　5.debris n.残骸,碎片 1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He grasped a piece of wood, struggling to stay afloat.”和“Mikuni was finally rescued”可知,Mikuni抓住漂浮的木头活了下来。故选C。 2.D　主旨大意题。通读第三段可知,村庄已变得面目全非,成了一片废墟,Mikuni的许多朋友和邻居失踪了或被证实死亡,幸存者面临着从头开始重建生活的可怕任务,Mikuni的家被完全摧毁。所以第三段主要讲了灾难造成的悲伤景象。故选D。 3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“the community's spirit of cooperation...worked together...share resources...support one another...giving them the courage to keep going”可推知,从这个社区对灾难的反应来看,该社区互相帮助,很团结。故选B。 4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,Mikuni的社区已经取得了很大的进步,带着身体和情感上的创伤,他们正在变得更坚强、更好。由此推知,Mikuni现在的状态是伤痕累累,但态度积极。故选A。 B ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。气象专家预测2024年大西洋飓风季将异常活跃,受创纪录海温及拉尼娜现象影响,高峰期可能延长至11月,提醒居民提前准备。 【高频词汇】　1.significant adj.重要的;显著的 2.potential adj.潜在的,可能的 n.潜力;可能性 3.in turn依次;轮流;相应地;转而　4.as a result of由于,因为　5.affect v.影响　6.suffer v.经受,遭受 7.strengthen v.加强　8.explode vi.突然活跃起来;激增;(愤怒等感情)爆发;爆炸 vt.使爆炸　9.concerned adj.担心的 【熟词生义】　high 熟义:adj.高的　生义:n.最高水平 5.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Atlantic hurricane season...that it could be particularly active”可知,第一段主要是引出文章的话题。故选C。 6.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“One reason is...at record highs.”可知,海面温度已经是有史以来最高的,这是今年飓风季的原因之一。故选C。 7.A　词义猜测题。根据第五段画线短语的下一句可知,我们预计变化将在仲夏时节发生,但直到晚夏或秋季,大西洋盆地可能才真正感受到这些影响。根据关键词So可知前后句为因果关系,所以可推知,“a lag time”是指“滞后时间”,与A项“时间延迟”意义相近。故选A。 8.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,DaSilva警告称如果一个热带风暴系统进入这个区域,它可能会在接近陆地时迅速加强,这就是为什么人们需要小心并准备好飓风应对计划,因为在这些条件下,任何系统都可能迅速增强。由此推知他会赞同D项“人们对飓风季再小心都不为过”。故选D。 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $