Unit 6 Crossing Cultures Section A（导学案）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

该初中英语导学案围绕Unit 6 Crossing Cultures展开，涵盖跨文化交际核心词汇、短语及句型，重点讲解so...that...、unless、as soon as引导的状语从句用法。通过Welcome to the unit的文化礼仪话题导入，构建从词汇积累到语法应用的学习支架，衔接前后知识脉络。 资料以语境化例句和对比辨析（如confusing与confused）提升语言能力与文化意识，多样题型（单词默写、语法填空等）及即时练习培养学习能力，帮助学生掌握跨文化沟通重点，有效提升思维品质与学习效率。

Unit 6 Crossing Cultures Section A 1.掌握Unit 6 Section A部分的重点单词、短语和句型； · 单词： 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.shake v. 与（某人）握手；摇动 2.bow v.& n.鞠躬 3.bump v.碰；撞 n.碰撞；（撞击造成的)肿块 4.fist n.拳头 5.rub v.摩擦；揉 6. kiss v.亲吻 n.吻 7.cheek n.脸颊 8.hug v.& n.拥抱 9.embarrassed adj.尴尬的 10. confused adj.困惑的 11. formal adj.正式的 12.curry n.咖喱菜 13.rude adj.粗鲁的 14.uncommon adj.罕见的；不寻常的 15.palm n.手掌 16. fork n.叉子 17. Indian adj.印度的；印度人的n.印度人 18. manner n.方式；(pl.manners)礼仪 19. confusing adj.令人困惑的；难以理解的 20. unless conj.除非；如果不 21. proper adj.恰当的；正确的 22. elbow n.手肘 23. serving adj. 分菜用的 n. 一份食物 24. chopstick n. (usually pl.)筷子 25. embarrassing adj.使人难堪的 26.cultural adj.与文化有关的；文化的 · 短语： 1.shake hands 握手 2.rub noses 碰鼻子 3. kiss cheeks/kiss sb on the cheek 亲脸颊/亲某人的脸颊 4. bump fists碰 5. press one's palms together将手掌合在一起 6. sit up straight坐直 7. keep one's elbows off the table 不要把手肘放在桌子上 8. stand up to reach for food站起来伸手拿食物 9. pass you the dish 把菜递给你 10. take off your shoes 把你的鞋子脱掉 11.stick chopsticks into a bowl of rice 将筷子插人一碗米饭中 12. culture shock 文化冲击 13. personal space 私人空间 · 句型： 1. People usually wear clothes which cover their arms / legs.人们通常穿遮盖手臂/腿的衣服。 2. It is rude / polite to give or take things with your left hand.用左手递接东西是粗鲁的/礼貌的。 3. Dishes with beef are common / uncommon.有牛肉的菜肴很常见/不常见。 4. But English table manners are so confusing that I'm a little worried. 但英式餐桌礼仪实在太复杂了，我有点担心。 5.-Should I bring something?我应该带些东西吗? -Sure, Bring a small gift, but don't bring food unless the host asks you to. 当然可以。带一份小礼物,但是不要带食物，除非主人要求你带。 6. It is rude to give or take things with your left hand.用左手给东西或拿东西是粗鲁的。 7.-I was surprised by your bow. We usually just say “hello” or shake hands in the US. 你的鞠躬让我感到惊讶。在美国，我们通常只说“你好”或握手。 8. -That’s surprising! In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.这太令人惊讶了!在日本,我们一见到老师就鞠躬。 2.掌握so...that...引导的结果状语从句，unless引导的条件状语从句，as soon as引导的时间状语从句的用法。 一、单词默写 1. ______  v. 与（某人）握手；摇动 2. ______  v.& n.鞠躬 3. ______  v.碰；撞 n.碰撞； 4. ______ v.摩擦；揉 5. _____ adj.尴尬的 6. ______ adj.困惑的 7. _____ adj.罕见的；不寻常的 8. ______ conj.除非；如果不 9. ______  adj.恰当的；正确的 10. ______ adj.使人难堪的 【答案】1.shake ; 2. .bow ;  3.bump ;  4. rub ; 5. embarrassed; 6.confused；  7. uncommon; 8. unless ; 9.proper ; 10.embarrassing 二、词组默写 1.握手______ 2.碰鼻子______ 3.坐直______ 4.把菜递给你______ 5.文化冲击 ______ 6.私人空间_____ 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【答案】1.shake hands ; 2.rub noses ; 3.sit up straight; 4.pass you the dish ; 5.culture shock ; 6. personal space 第一部分 Welcome to the unit 【知识梳理1】 shake hands握手 1.shake 动词 与（某人）握手；摇动 其过去式为 , 过去分词为 。 常用短语：shake hands with sb.和某人握手 例句：You should shake hands with him.你应该和他握手 shake hands for the first time 第一次握手 【答案】 shook shaken 【即时练习】 1. People usually __________ (shake) hands when they meet for the first time. 2. He __________ (shake) hands with me just now. 【答案】1. shake 2. shook 【知识梳理2】 But English table manners are so confusing that I’m a little worried.但英国餐桌礼仪如此令人困惑，以至于我有点担心。 1.manner礼貌，礼仪,常用复数形式 .其单数形式manner表示方式方法 常见搭配：good manners 有礼貌 bad manners 没礼貌 table manners 餐桌礼仪 2. confusing 形容词，令人困惑的，难懂的 confusing → 修饰 表示：这件事 / 东西让人困惑 confused → 修饰人 表示：人感到困惑 【答案】manners 事物 人 【即时练习】 1. It’s bad ______ to talk with your mouth full. 2. He greeted us in a polite ______. 5. The rules are very ______. 6. She looked ______ because she didn’t understand. 【答案】1. manners 2. manner 3. confusing 4. confused 【知识梳理3】 Keep your elbows off the table.不要让胳膊肘触碰到桌子。 1.keep... off... keep + 宾语 + off + 地点 让...远离...；不靠近...； 例句：Keep your elbows off the table. 让你的胳膊肘远离桌子。 Keep your hands off the wall. 别用手摸墙。 Keep the grass off. 请勿践踏草坪。 2. elbow n. 胳膊肘 elbows（复数） 【即时练习】 1. 让你的手远离那台机器。 ______ your hands ______ the machine. 【答案】1.keep off 【知识梳理4】Could you tell me the proper way to use a knife and fork too?你能再告诉我使用刀叉的方法吗？ 1.proper 形容词，恰当的。 副词形式：properly 正确地，恰当地，得体地 the proper way to do sth. 做某事的正确方法 / 恰当方式 例句：You should use the knife and fork properly.你应该正确使用刀叉。 【即时练习】 1. Please use the knife and fork __________. 2. Do you know the __________ way to use chopsticks? 【答案】1. properly 2. proper 【知识梳理5】 If you get confused, watch what everyone else does.如果你感到困惑，就看一下其他人怎么做的。 1. get confused 感到困惑 get + 形容词：变得…… confused：感到困惑的（修饰人） 同义： 2. what 引导从句，作 watch 的宾语 What 和that引导的宾语从句的区别 What 是连接代词，指某事物 That 是连词，无词义，只起到连接作用。 例句：I think (that) you are right.我认为你是对的。 I don’t know what he wants.我不知道他想要什么。 【答案】be confused 【即时练习】 用 that / what 填空： 1. I believe ______ he will come soon. 2. Can you tell me ______ you bought? 【答案】 1. that 2. what 【知识梳理6】But once I was used to it, I became more curious and interested in learning about the culture there.但当我习惯了这一点，就开始对当地的文化产生更浓厚的兴趣和好奇心。 1.once 的用法 一…… 就……（引导时间状语从句） 主句常用一般将来时 / 一般过去时，从句用一般现在时 / 一般过去时。 例句：Once you start, you can’t stop. 一旦开始，就停不下来。 2. be used to sth. /doing sth. 习惯于…… 这里 to 是介词，后面不能跟动词原形。 对比： I am used to the life here.（习惯这里的生活） I am used to getting up early.（习惯早起） 易混提醒： 【辨析】be used to 与 used to be used to 意为“习惯于”，其中to是介词，后跟动词时，用-ing形式 used to 意为“过去经常”，只用于过去时态，其中to是不定式符号，后跟动词原形 例句： I am used to getting up early. 我习惯早起。 He used to read books for an hour every day.　他过去常常每天读一个小时的书。 【即时练习】 1. Once you ______ used to it, you’ll like it. A. am B. is C. are 2. My father is used to ______ tea after meals. A. drink B. drinking C. drank 【答案】 1.C 2.B 第二部分 Grammar 状语从句的用法 【知识梳理1】so...that...引导的结果状语从句 1.so...that...意为“如此...以至于...”that引导结果状语从句，其句型为“主句主语+主句谓语+so+形容词/副词+that从句”。 此句型中，so后面用形容词或者副词取决于主句的谓语动词是系动词还是实义动词。 例句：The movie is so moving that I cried. 这部电影如此感人，以至于我哭了。 He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.他跑得如此快，以至于没人能追上他。 当that引导的结果状语从句是肯定句时，可以与...enough to do 进行转换；当that引导的结果状语从句是否定句时，可以与too...to...或not...enough to do 进行转换。 例句：He is so young that he can’t go to school.= He is too young to go to school.=He is not young enough to go to school. 注意：“如此...以至于...”的其他常见表达形式： （1）so+形容词+a /an +可数名词单数+that 从句=such +a /an +形容词+可数名词单数+that从句 例句：He is so kind a man that everyone likes him.=He is such a kind man that everyone likes him. 他非常善良，大家都很喜欢他。 （2）such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句 例句：They are such good students that the teacher likes him.他们都是很好的学生，老师很喜欢他们。 It was such fine weather yesterday that we went on a picnic.昨天天气很好，我们去野餐了。 （3）so+many /much / few / little +名词+that 从句 例句：She was so many friends that she never feels lonely.他有如此多朋友，以至于她从不感到孤独。 There was so little water in the jar that it was not enough for all of us.缸里的水太少了，以至于不够我们所有人用。 【即时练习】 1．This baby girl is ________ lovely ________ more and more people like her. A．such; that B．so; that C．quite; that D．so that; / 2．The musician sings _________ beautifully that I am _________ lost in it. A．so; certainly B．such; quickly C．so; smoothly D．such; completely 3．It was ________ bad weather ________ we had to cancel the trip. A．so; that B．such; that C．so; as D．such; as 4．It was ______ interesting movie that we watched it twice. A．so B．such an C．such D．so an 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 【知识梳理2】unless引导的条件状语从句 1.unless用作连词，意为“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句，若主语为一般将来时，祈使句或谓语中含有情态动词，从句常用一般现在时表将来。 例句：Nobody will come to the party unless you change the date. 如果不改变日期，没有人回来参加这个聚会。 注意：unless可以和if...not...结构进行转换。 例句：I’ll go there unless it rains=I’ll go there if it doesn’t rain .如果不下雨我们就去那儿。 【即时练习】 1．You will be late ________ you hurry up. A．if B．unless C．although D．so 2．There are no buses to the beach this time of day, ________ you have a car, in which case you can drive it there at any time you like. A．since B．after C．unless D．though 3．Don’t cross the street ________ the traffic light turns green. A．if B．unless C．When 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 【知识梳理3】as soon as引导的时间状语从句 1.as soon as意为“一...就...”引导时间状语从句，用于表示某个动作紧接着另一个动作发生。 例句：The boy got up as soon as the alarm clock went off. 闹钟一响，这个男孩就起床了。 2. as soon as 引导的时间状语从句可置于主句前或主句后，位于主句前时应加逗号。 例句：The birds start singing as soon as the sun rises.太阳一升起，鸟儿就开始唱歌。 As soon as the game ended ,we all cheered.比赛一结束，我们都欢呼起来。 3. as soon as的时态，若主句为一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来。 【即时练习】 1．— Have a safe trip to Hangzhou, my dear! — Thanks, Dad. I’ll give you a call ________ I arrive there. A．until B．so that C．as soon as D．unless 2．—Dad, could you promise me that I can _______ TV for a while? —Sure. But as soon as your homework ________, you can do that. A．watch; finishes B．watch; will be finished C．watch; is finished D．to watch; will finish 3．—When are you arriving? —I’m not sure. I’ll call you _______ I get there. A．as well as B．as soon as C．as quickly as D．as possible as 4．________ Mom turned off the light, we all fell into a deep sleep. A．As soon as B．If C．Although 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4.A 一、根据汉语意思填写单词 1．Students usually do eye exercises twice a day with both ________ (手肘) on the desk. 2．In China, it’s bad ________ (礼仪) to start eating before everyone sits down. 3．Before visiting others, it’s ________ (恰当的) to call and let them know you’re on the way. 4．David explained the rules in a patient ________ (方式) so that everyone could follow. 5．Mike sleeps with the window open ________ (如果不) it’s really cold. 【答案】1．elbows 2．manners 3．proper 4．manner 5．unless 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．In France, people hold their knives in the right hand and ________ (fork) in the left. 2．Dishes with butter are ________ (common) at a Korean’s table. 3．An ________ joke can always make people feel ________. (embarrass) 4．When visiting Xi’an, I bought some gifts in the ________ (culture) and creative shops. 5．Call your friends before visiting. And most ________ (important), bring some gifts. 【答案】1．forks 2．uncommon 3. embarrassing embarrassed 4．cultural 5．importantly 三、完成句子 1．当你见到他人时，握手是很常见的。 ________ ________ ________ shake hands when you meet others. 2．我一到银行，一个一米高的机器人就过来迎接我。 ________ ________ ________ I reached the bank, a one-metre-tall robot came to welcome me. 3．在开始演讲前向听众鞠躬，这显得足够正式。 It’s ________ ________ to bow to the listeners before you start the speech. 4．在法国，亲密的朋友见面时常常亲吻脸颊。 In France, close friends often ________ each other ________ ________ ________ when they meet. 5．莉萨穿了一件正式的裙子去一个户外的聚会。她感觉尴尬。 Lisa wore a formal dress to an outdoor party. She ________ ________. 【答案】1．It’s common to 2． As soon as 3． formal enough 4．kiss on the cheek 5． felt embarrassed 一、单项选择 1．This baby girl is ________ lovely ________ more and more people like her. A．such; that B．so; that C．quite; that D．so that; / 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个小女孩如此可爱，以至于越来越多的人喜欢她。 考查“so…that…”句型。 such; that如此；以至于；so; that如此；以至于；quite; that相当；但quite不与that搭配构成结果状语从句；so that; /以便，引导目的状语从句。句中“lovely”是形容词，应用“so+形容词+that…”结构表示“如此……以至于……”；such后通常接名词短语。故选B。 2．—Mark, you’re so good at using ________ now. I almost forget you’re a foreigner. —To be honest, it was pretty hard for me to use them to eat at first. A．forks B．chopsticks C．mirrors D．knives 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——马克，你现在这么擅长使用筷子了，我几乎忘记你是外国人。——说实话，一开始我用它们吃饭相当困难。 考查名词辨析。forks叉子；chopsticks筷子；mirrors镜子；knives刀。根据“I almost forget you’re a foreigner.”以及“it was pretty hard for me to use them to eat at first.”可知，此处指“筷子”。故选B。 3．—No matter what happens, Jack always looks on the bright side. —That’s the ________ attitude (态度) towards life. A．safe B．negative C．proper D．fresh 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——无论发生什么，杰克总是看到积极的一面。——那是对生活的恰当态度。 考查形容词辨析。safe安全的；negative消极的；proper恰当的；fresh新鲜的。根据“always looks on the bright side”可知，这种态度是积极、正确的，因此用“proper”（恰当的）最符合语境。故选C。 4．—My brother never hides what he thinks. I hope he didn’t hurt you. —That’s OK. Actually, I like his direct ________. A．manner B．measure C．appearance D．suggestion 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我哥哥从不隐瞒自己的想法。我希望他没有伤害你。 ——没关系。事实上，我喜欢他直率的态度。 考查名词词义辨析。manner态度；measure措施；appearance外貌；suggestion建议。根据“My brother never hides what he thinks.”可知，直率是他的态度。故选A。 5．—Judy, when you are in a strange place, you’d better do as the local people do. —That’s it. ________. A．Many hands make light work B．A friend in need is a friend indeed C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do D．Hope for the best and prepare for the worst 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——朱迪，当你在一个陌生的地方时，你最好入乡随俗。——就是这样。入乡随俗。 考查谚语辨析。Many hands make light work“人多好办事”；A friend in need is a friend indeed“患难见真情”；When in Rome, do as the Romans do“入乡随俗”；Hope for the best and prepare for the worst“抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算”。根据前句“do as the local people do”可知，答语应与“入乡随俗”这一谚语对应。故选C。 6．—Do you understand what the teacher said? —Not really. I’m a bit ________. A．clear B．confused C．embarrassed D．surprised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你明白老师说的话吗？——不太明白，我有点困惑。 考查形容词辨析。clear清晰的；confused困惑的；embarrassed尴尬的；surprised惊讶的。根据“Not really”可知，回答者没有理解老师的话，因此感到困惑。故选B。 7．Unless it ________ sunny tomorrow, I ________ fishing in People’s Park. A．is; am going to go B．will be; won’t go C．will be; will go D．is; won’t go 【答案】D 【详解】句意：除非明天天气晴朗，否则我不会去人民公园钓鱼。 考查条件状语从句的时态。在unless引导的条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。本题主句表示“我将不去钓鱼”，应用一般将来时；从句表示“明天天气晴朗”，应用一般现在时。故选D。 8．Nobody can hear you ________ you speak in a louder voice. A．until B．as soon as C．unless D．so that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：除非你大声说话，否则没人能听到你。 考查连词辨析。until直到……；as soon as一……就……；unless除非；so that以便。根据句意，主句“Nobody can hear you”与从句“you speak in a louder voice”之间是条件关系，且从句表示“如果不……就……”的否定条件，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。 9．What a lovely toy bear you bought for my cousin! I will give it to him ________ I see him. A．unless B．so that C．as soon as D．and 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你为我表弟买的玩具熊真可爱！我一见到他就会给他。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；so that以便；as soon as一……就……；and和。根据“I will give it to him...I see him.”可知，此处表示“一见到他就给他”，强调时间上的紧接，应用as soon as引导时间状语从句。故选C。 10．The city Nanchang is ________ popular ________ many people want to go there for a trip this year. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．very; that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：南昌市如此受欢迎，以至于今年很多人都想去那里旅行。 考查结果状语从句。so ... that ...如此……以至于…… (so后接形容词或副词)；such ... that ...如此……以至于……(such后接名词)；too...to...太……而不能……；very...that...不是固定搭配。根据“The city Nanchang is … popular”可知，空格后是形容词popular，应用so ... that ...“如此……以至于……”结构。故选A。 11．It’s too ________. I don’t think you can get to school on time, ________ you take a taxi. A．late; if B．late; unless C．early; unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：太晚了。我认为你不能准时到校，除非你乘出租车。 考查形容词辨析和连词用法。late晚的；if如果；unless除非；early早的。第一空根据“I don’t think you can get to school on time”可知时间“晚”，排除C；第二空表示“除非乘出租车”，unless符合逻辑。故选B。 12．Don’t ________ your head on others’ shoulders when talking in public—it’s impolite. A．kiss B．bump C．rub D．hug 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在公共场合交谈时不要把你的头撞到别人的肩膀上 —— 这是不礼貌的。 考查动词辨析。kiss亲吻；bump碰撞，碰到；rub摩擦；hug拥抱。根据“it's impolite”以及语境，此处指的是头不小心撞到别人肩膀的行为，故选B。 13．—Will you call me back later? —Of course. I’ll give you a ring as soon as I ________ the bus. A．got off B．will get off C．get off D．gets off 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你稍后会给我回电话吗？——当然。我一下车就给你打电话。 考查时间状语从句的时态。根据“I’ll give you a ring”可知，主句为一般将来时，在“as soon as”引导的时间状语从句中，若主句为一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时表示将来，因此从句应用一般现在时，主语I对应动词原形get off。故选C。 14．I ________ take a taxi to work, but this morning I took one because it was snowy. A．seldom B．sometimes C．usually D．always 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我很少打车去上班，但今天早上因为下雪打了一次车。 考查频度副词辨析。seldom很少；sometimes有时；usually通常；always总是。根据“but this morning I took one because it was snowy”可知，今天早上因为下雪才打车，说明平时很少打车，故选A。 15．The table manners in the UK are ________ confusing that Hongli felt worried before the dinner. A．very B．so C．too D．such 【答案】B 【详解】句意：英国的餐桌礼仪是如此令人困惑，以至于Hongli在晚餐前感到担忧。 考查结果状语从句的引导词。very非常；so如此；too太；such如此。根据“The table manners in the UK are...confusing that Hongli felt worried before the dinner.”可知，此处指餐桌礼仪如此令人困惑以至于她感到担忧，应用固定搭配so/such...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，“confusing”是形容词，应用so...that...。故选B。 二、完形填空 I’m having a great time with my host family in France. I was nervous before I 1 here, but there was no need to be. My host family is really nice. Miss Green always talks to me in French to help me practice. So my French has 2 a lot. I still make lots of 3 , but I don’t worry as 4 as I used to. My biggest problem of all is learning how to act at the dinner table. Things are very different 5 the way they’re at home. For example, you shouldn’t put your elbows (肘) on the table. When I first arrived here, I thought that was quite 6 . But now I’m used to it. Another 7 is that it’s not very 8 to say you’re full. If you don’t want any more 9 , you should just say, “That was delicious.” I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m getting used to it. I don’t find 10 customs (习俗) so strange any more. 1．A．arrived B．left C．hid D．shook 2．A．prepared B．rubbed C．bumped D．improved 3．A．mistakes B．friends C．hugs D．manners 4．A．few B．bit C．much D．little 5．A．with B．from C．for D．of 6．A．formal B．confusing C．proper D．common 7．A．grammar B．reason C．result D．example 8．A．dangerous B．embarrassing C．polite D．rude 9．A．servings B．kisses C．fists D．cheeks 10．A．Australian B．British C．French D．Indian 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在法国寄宿家庭的生活经历。初到法国时，作者因语言和餐桌礼仪的差异感到紧张和困惑，但在寄宿家庭的帮助下，法语水平得到了提升，并且逐渐适应了当地的风俗习惯。 1．句意：在我到这里之前，我很紧张，但其实没必要紧张。 arrived到达；left离开；hid隐藏；shook摇晃。根据“I’m having a great time with my host family in France.”可知前文提到作者在法国的寄宿家庭，此处表达“到达这里”的含义，“arrived” 符合语境。故选 A。 2．句意：所以我的法语进步了很多。 prepared准备；rubbed摩擦；bumped碰撞；improved提高，改善。根据前文“Miss Green always talks to me in French to help me practice”，可知作者的法语得到了提升。故选D。 3．句意：我仍然会犯很多错误，但我不像过去那样担心了。 mistakes错误；friends朋友；hugs拥抱；manners礼仪。固定搭配“make mistakes” 意为 “犯错误”，符合学法语的语境。故选A。 4．句意：我仍然会犯很多错误，但我不像过去那样担心了。 few很少；bit一点；much很多；little很少。“as much as” 用于表示程度，此处指 “我不像过去那样担心了”。故选C。 5．句意：这里的情况和家里的方式非常不同。 with和；from从；for为了；of……的。固定搭配 “ be different from” 意为 “与……不同”，表示法国的餐桌礼仪和家里的不一样。故选B。 6．句意：当我第一次到这里时，我认为这相当令人困惑。 formal正式的；confusing令人困惑的；proper合适的；common常见的。根据前文 “Things are very different from the way they’re at home”可知，作者刚到法国时觉得餐桌礼仪很令人困惑。“confusing”符合语境。故选 B。 7．句意：另一个例子是，说你吃饱了是不太礼貌的。 grammar语法；reason原因；result结果；example例子。前文用了“For example”，此处继续举例，故选D。 8．句意：另一个例子是，说你吃饱了是不太礼貌的。 dangerous危险的；embarrassing令人尴尬的；polite礼貌的；rude粗鲁的。根据西方餐桌礼仪常识，及下句中“you should just say,‘That was delicious.’”可知，直接说自己吃饱了是不礼貌的行为。故选 C。 9．句意：如果你不想要更多的食物，你应该只说：“真好吃。” servings（食物的）一份；kisses吻；fists拳头；cheeks脸颊。“servings” 在此处指 “（食物的）一份”，“any more servings” 意为 “再要几份食物”，符合语境。故选A。 10．句意：我不再觉得法国的习俗那么陌生了。 Australian澳大利亚的；British英国的；French法国的；Indian印度的。文章开头提到作者在法国的寄宿家庭，因此此处指不再觉得法国的习俗那么陌生了，“French” 符合语境。故选C。 三、语法填空 Dear Rose, In your last letter, you told me that you would come to Japan for vacation in July. But you were very worried. Because you don’t know 1 you can or can’t do in Japanese restaurants. Now, I 2 (write) to tell you the table manners there and how to behave in a restaurant, Some restaurants in Japan have tatami (榻榻米) floors. When you step into a restaurant, you must take off your shoes. When you sit at the table, you will receive 3 small wet cloth at most Japanese restaurants. Use this to wash your hands before eating, then 4 (care) fold it and set it aside on the table. Don’t use it as a napkin (餐巾纸) , or 5   (touch) any part of your  face. Before and after a meal, it is important to say 6 (tradition) thank-you words. You can make a little noise when you’re eating. For example, it is common to make some slurping (咂嘴) noises while 7 (eat) noodles. That’s 8 in Japan if you slurp, it means the food tastes good. For sushi, you should eat up. It is polite to lift small bowls of rice or soup when you eat. After finishing your meal, it is good manners to restore all your dishes to the way they were at the 9 (begin) of the meal. For example, you can put chopsticks back on the chopsticks shelf. Write to me if you have other questions. Hope you can enjoy 10 (you) in Japan. Yours, Jack 【答案】1．what 2．am writing 3．a 4．carefully 5．touch 6．traditional 7．eating 8．because 9．beginning 10．yourself 【导语】本文是Jack写给Rose的信，主要介绍了日本餐厅的餐桌礼仪。 1．句意：因为你不知道在日本餐厅里能做什么、不能做什么。根据“you don’t know…you can or can’t do in Japanese restaurants”可知，此处表示“做什么”，用疑问词“what”。故填what。 2．句意：现在，我正在写信告诉你那里的餐桌礼仪以及在餐厅里该如何表现。根据“Now, I… (write) to tell you”可知，“now”提示用现在进行时，结构是“am/is/are+现在分词”，主语是“I”，所以填“am writing”。故填am writing。 3．句意：当你坐在桌旁时，在大多数日本餐厅你会收到一块小湿巾。根据“you will receive…small wet cloth”可知，“cloth”是可数名词单数，“small”以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词“a”。故填a。 4．句意：用餐前用它洗手，然后小心地把它折好放在桌上。根据“then… (care) fold it”可知，此处修饰动词“fold”，要用“care”的副词形式“carefully”。故填carefully。 5．句意：不要把它当餐巾纸用，也不要触碰脸的任何部位。根据“Don’t use it as a napkin, or… (touch) any part of your face”可知，‘or’连接两个省略了 don’t 的并列祈使结构，因此用动词原形touch。故填touch。 6．句意：用餐前后，说传统的感谢语很重要。根据“say… (tradition) thank-you words”可知，此处修饰名词“words”，要用“tradition”的形容词形式“traditional”。故填traditional。 7．句意：例如，吃面条时发出一些吸溜声是很常见的。根据“while… (eat) noodles”可知，“while”后接动词-ing形式，“eat”的动名词是“eating”。故填eating。 8．句意：那是因为在日本，如果你吸溜面条，意味着食物很好吃。根据“That’s…in Japan if you slurp”可知，此处表原因，用连词“because”。故填because。 9．句意：用餐结束后，把所有餐具恢复到用餐开始时的样子是礼貌的。根据“at the… (begin) of the meal”可知，“the”后接名词，“begin”的名词形式是“beginning”。故填beginning。 10．句意：希望你能在日本玩得开心。根据“enjoy… (you) in Japan”可知，“enjoy oneself”是固定短语表示“玩得开心”，“you”的反身代词是“yourself”。故填yourself。 四、阅读选择 Chinese table manners have many rules. First, wait for older people to start eating. Second, sit up straight and keep elbows off the table. Third, use serving chopsticks to take food from shared dishes—don’t reach across the table. Fourth, don’t stick chopsticks into rice—it’s impolite. These rules show respect for others. When foreign friends visit China, following these rules helps them make a good impression. It also shows they respect Chinese culture. 1．What should you do first when having dinner in China? A．Sit up straight B．Wait for older people to start C．Use serving chopsticks D．Keep elbows off the table 2．Why shouldn’t you stick chopsticks into rice? A．It’s unsafe B．It’s impolite C．It’s confusing D．It’s casual 3．What do Chinese table manners show? A．Respect for others B．Interest in food C．Love for chopsticks D．Politeness to strangers 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to use chopsticks B．Chinese table manners C．Foreign table manners D．How to greet in China 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍中国人餐桌礼仪。 1．细节理解题。根据“First, wait for older people to start eating.”可知，最开始，等年长的人开始吃饭。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Fourth, don’t stick chopsticks into rice—it’s impolite.”可知，筷子插在米饭里，这是不礼貌的。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“These rules show respect for others.”可知，这些餐桌礼仪体现了对他人的尊重。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文后，本文主要介绍了中国餐桌礼仪。故选B。 $Unit 6 Crossing Cultures Section A 1.掌握Unit 6 Section A部分的重点单词、短语和句型； · 单词： 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.shake v. 与（某人）握手；摇动 2.bow v.& n.鞠躬 3.bump v.碰；撞 n.碰撞；（撞击造成的)肿块 4.fist n.拳头 5.rub v.摩擦；揉 6. kiss v.亲吻 n.吻 7.cheek n.脸颊 8.hug v.& n.拥抱 9.embarrassed adj.尴尬的 10. confused adj.困惑的 11. formal adj.正式的 12.curry n.咖喱菜 13.rude adj.粗鲁的 14.uncommon adj.罕见的；不寻常的 15.palm n.手掌 16. fork n.叉子 17. Indian adj.印度的；印度人的n.印度人 18. manner n.方式；(pl.manners)礼仪 19. confusing adj.令人困惑的；难以理解的 20. unless conj.除非；如果不 21. proper adj.恰当的；正确的 22. elbow n.手肘 23. serving adj. 分菜用的 n. 一份食物 24. chopstick n. (usually pl.)筷子 25. embarrassing adj.使人难堪的 26.cultural adj.与文化有关的；文化的 · 短语： 1.shake hands 握手 2.rub noses 碰鼻子 3. kiss cheeks/kiss sb on the cheek 亲脸颊/亲某人的脸颊 4. bump fists碰 5. press one's palms together将手掌合在一起 6. sit up straight坐直 7. keep one's elbows off the table 不要把手肘放在桌子上 8. stand up to reach for food站起来伸手拿食物 9. pass you the dish 把菜递给你 10. take off your shoes 把你的鞋子脱掉 11.stick chopsticks into a bowl of rice 将筷子插人一碗米饭中 12. culture shock 文化冲击 13. personal space 私人空间 · 句型： 1. People usually wear clothes which cover their arms / legs.人们通常穿遮盖手臂/腿的衣服。 2. It is rude / polite to give or take things with your left hand.用左手递接东西是粗鲁的/礼貌的。 3. Dishes with beef are common / uncommon.有牛肉的菜肴很常见/不常见。 4. But English table manners are so confusing that I'm a little worried. 但英式餐桌礼仪实在太复杂了，我有点担心。 5.-Should I bring something?我应该带些东西吗? -Sure, Bring a small gift, but don't bring food unless the host asks you to. 当然可以。带一份小礼物,但是不要带食物，除非主人要求你带。 6. It is rude to give or take things with your left hand.用左手给东西或拿东西是粗鲁的。 7.-I was surprised by your bow. We usually just say “hello” or shake hands in the US. 你的鞠躬让我感到惊讶。在美国，我们通常只说“你好”或握手。 8. -That’s surprising! In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.这太令人惊讶了!在日本,我们一见到老师就鞠躬。 2.掌握so...that...引导的结果状语从句，unless引导的条件状语从句，as soon as引导的时间状语从句的用法。 一、单词默写 1. ______  v. 与（某人）握手；摇动 2. ______  v.& n.鞠躬 3. ______  v.碰；撞 n.碰撞； 4. ______ v.摩擦；揉 5. _____ adj.尴尬的 6. ______ adj.困惑的 7. _____ adj.罕见的；不寻常的 8. ______ conj.除非；如果不 9. ______  adj.恰当的；正确的 10. ______ adj.使人难堪的 二、词组默写 1.握手______ 2.碰鼻子______ 3.坐直______ 4.把菜递给你______ 5.文化冲击 ______ 6.私人空间_____ 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 第一部分 Welcome to the unit 【知识梳理1】 shake hands握手 1.shake 动词 与（某人）握手；摇动 其过去式为 , 过去分词为 。 常用短语：shake hands with sb.和某人握手 例句：You should shake hands with him.你应该和他握手 shake hands for the first time 第一次握手 【即时练习】 1. People usually __________ (shake) hands when they meet for the first time. 2. He __________ (shake) hands with me just now. 【知识梳理2】 But English table manners are so confusing that I’m a little worried.但英国餐桌礼仪如此令人困惑，以至于我有点担心。 1.manner礼貌，礼仪,常用复数形式 .其单数形式manner表示方式方法 常见搭配：good manners 有礼貌 bad manners 没礼貌 table manners 餐桌礼仪 2. confusing 形容词，令人困惑的，难懂的 confusing → 修饰 表示：这件事 / 东西让人困惑 confused → 修饰人 表示：人感到困惑 【即时练习】 1. It’s bad ______ to talk with your mouth full. 2. He greeted us in a polite ______. 5. The rules are very ______. 6. She looked ______ because she didn’t understand. 【知识梳理3】 Keep your elbows off the table.不要让胳膊肘触碰到桌子。 1.keep... off... keep + 宾语 + off + 地点 让...远离...；不靠近...； 例句：Keep your elbows off the table. 让你的胳膊肘远离桌子。 Keep your hands off the wall. 别用手摸墙。 Keep the grass off. 请勿践踏草坪。 2. elbow n. 胳膊肘 elbows（复数） 【即时练习】 1. 让你的手远离那台机器。 ______ your hands ______ the machine. 【知识梳理4】Could you tell me the proper way to use a knife and fork too?你能再告诉我使用刀叉的方法吗？ 1.proper 形容词，恰当的。 副词形式：properly 正确地，恰当地，得体地 the proper way to do sth. 做某事的正确方法 / 恰当方式 例句：You should use the knife and fork properly.你应该正确使用刀叉。 【即时练习】 1. Please use the knife and fork __________. 2. Do you know the __________ way to use chopsticks? 【知识梳理5】 If you get confused, watch what everyone else does.如果你感到困惑，就看一下其他人怎么做的。 1. get confused 感到困惑 get + 形容词：变得…… confused：感到困惑的（修饰人） 同义： 2. what 引导从句，作 watch 的宾语 What 和that引导的宾语从句的区别 What 是连接代词，指某事物 That 是连词，无词义，只起到连接作用。 例句：I think (that) you are right.我认为你是对的。 I don’t know what he wants.我不知道他想要什么。 【即时练习】 用 that / what 填空： 1. I believe ______ he will come soon. 2. Can you tell me ______ you bought? 【知识梳理6】But once I was used to it, I became more curious and interested in learning about the culture there.但当我习惯了这一点，就开始对当地的文化产生更浓厚的兴趣和好奇心。 1.once 的用法 一…… 就……（引导时间状语从句） 主句常用一般将来时 / 一般过去时，从句用一般现在时 / 一般过去时。 例句：Once you start, you can’t stop. 一旦开始，就停不下来。 2. be used to sth. /doing sth. 习惯于…… 这里 to 是介词，后面不能跟动词原形。 对比： I am used to the life here.（习惯这里的生活） I am used to getting up early.（习惯早起） 易混提醒： 【辨析】be used to 与 used to be used to 意为“习惯于”，其中to是介词，后跟动词时，用-ing形式 used to 意为“过去经常”，只用于过去时态，其中to是不定式符号，后跟动词原形 例句： I am used to getting up early. 我习惯早起。 He used to read books for an hour every day.　他过去常常每天读一个小时的书。 【即时练习】 1. Once you ______ used to it, you’ll like it. A. am B. is C. are 2. My father is used to ______ tea after meals. A. drink B. drinking C. drank 第二部分 Grammar 状语从句的用法 【知识梳理1】so...that...引导的结果状语从句 1.so...that...意为“如此...以至于...”that引导结果状语从句，其句型为“主句主语+主句谓语+so+形容词/副词+that从句”。 此句型中，so后面用形容词或者副词取决于主句的谓语动词是系动词还是实义动词。 例句：The movie is so moving that I cried. 这部电影如此感人，以至于我哭了。 He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.他跑得如此快，以至于没人能追上他。 当that引导的结果状语从句是肯定句时，可以与...enough to do 进行转换；当that引导的结果状语从句是否定句时，可以与too...to...或not...enough to do 进行转换。 例句：He is so young that he can’t go to school.= He is too young to go to school.=He is not young enough to go to school. 注意：“如此...以至于...”的其他常见表达形式： （1）so+形容词+a /an +可数名词单数+that 从句=such +a /an +形容词+可数名词单数+that从句 例句：He is so kind a man that everyone likes him.=He is such a kind man that everyone likes him. 他非常善良，大家都很喜欢他。 （2）such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句 例句：They are such good students that the teacher likes him.他们都是很好的学生，老师很喜欢他们。 It was such fine weather yesterday that we went on a picnic.昨天天气很好，我们去野餐了。 （3）so+many /much / few / little +名词+that 从句 例句：She was so many friends that she never feels lonely.他有如此多朋友，以至于她从不感到孤独。 There was so little water in the jar that it was not enough for all of us.缸里的水太少了，以至于不够我们所有人用。 【即时练习】 1．This baby girl is ________ lovely ________ more and more people like her. A．such; that B．so; that C．quite; that D．so that; / 2．The musician sings _________ beautifully that I am _________ lost in it. A．so; certainly B．such; quickly C．so; smoothly D．such; completely 3．It was ________ bad weather ________ we had to cancel the trip. A．so; that B．such; that C．so; as D．such; as 4．It was ______ interesting movie that we watched it twice. A．so B．such an C．such D．so an 【知识梳理2】unless引导的条件状语从句 1.unless用作连词，意为“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句，若主语为一般将来时，祈使句或谓语中含有情态动词，从句常用一般现在时表将来。 例句：Nobody will come to the party unless you change the date. 如果不改变日期，没有人回来参加这个聚会。 注意：unless可以和if...not...结构进行转换。 例句：I’ll go there unless it rains=I’ll go there if it doesn’t rain .如果不下雨我们就去那儿。 【即时练习】 1．You will be late ________ you hurry up. A．if B．unless C．although D．so 2．There are no buses to the beach this time of day, ________ you have a car, in which case you can drive it there at any time you like. A．since B．after C．unless D．though 3．Don’t cross the street ________ the traffic light turns green. A．if B．unless C．When 【知识梳理3】as soon as引导的时间状语从句 1.as soon as意为“一...就...”引导时间状语从句，用于表示某个动作紧接着另一个动作发生。 例句：The boy got up as soon as the alarm clock went off. 闹钟一响，这个男孩就起床了。 2. as soon as 引导的时间状语从句可置于主句前或主句后，位于主句前时应加逗号。 例句：The birds start singing as soon as the sun rises.太阳一升起，鸟儿就开始唱歌。 As soon as the game ended ,we all cheered.比赛一结束，我们都欢呼起来。 3. as soon as的时态，若主句为一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来。 【即时练习】 1．— Have a safe trip to Hangzhou, my dear! — Thanks, Dad. I’ll give you a call ________ I arrive there. A．until B．so that C．as soon as D．unless 2．—Dad, could you promise me that I can _______ TV for a while? —Sure. But as soon as your homework ________, you can do that. A．watch; finishes B．watch; will be finished C．watch; is finished D．to watch; will finish 3．—When are you arriving? —I’m not sure. I’ll call you _______ I get there. A．as well as B．as soon as C．as quickly as D．as possible as 4．________ Mom turned off the light, we all fell into a deep sleep. A．As soon as B．If C．Although 一、根据汉语意思填写单词 1．Students usually do eye exercises twice a day with both ________ (手肘) on the desk. 2．In China, it’s bad ________ (礼仪) to start eating before everyone sits down. 3．Before visiting others, it’s ________ (恰当的) to call and let them know you’re on the way. 4．David explained the rules in a patient ________ (方式) so that everyone could follow. 5．Mike sleeps with the window open ________ (如果不) it’s really cold. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．In France, people hold their knives in the right hand and ________ (fork) in the left. 2．Dishes with butter are ________ (common) at a Korean’s table. 3．An ________ joke can always make people feel ________. (embarrass) 4．When visiting Xi’an, I bought some gifts in the ________ (culture) and creative shops. 5．Call your friends before visiting. And most ________ (important), bring some gifts. 三、完成句子 1．当你见到他人时，握手是很常见的。 ________ ________ ________ shake hands when you meet others. 2．我一到银行，一个一米高的机器人就过来迎接我。 ________ ________ ________ I reached the bank, a one-metre-tall robot came to welcome me. 3．在开始演讲前向听众鞠躬，这显得足够正式。 It’s ________ ________ to bow to the listeners before you start the speech. 4．在法国，亲密的朋友见面时常常亲吻脸颊。 In France, close friends often ________ each other ________ ________ ________ when they meet. 5．莉萨穿了一件正式的裙子去一个户外的聚会。她感觉尴尬。 Lisa wore a formal dress to an outdoor party. She ________ ________. 一、单项选择 1．This baby girl is ________ lovely ________ more and more people like her. A．such; that B．so; that C．quite; that D．so that; / 2．—Mark, you’re so good at using ________ now. I almost forget you’re a foreigner. —To be honest, it was pretty hard for me to use them to eat at first. A．forks B．chopsticks C．mirrors D．knives 3．—No matter what happens, Jack always looks on the bright side. —That’s the ________ attitude (态度) towards life. A．safe B．negative C．proper D．fresh 4．—My brother never hides what he thinks. I hope he didn’t hurt you. —That’s OK. Actually, I like his direct ________. A．manner B．measure C．appearance D．suggestion 5．—Judy, when you are in a strange place, you’d better do as the local people do. —That’s it. ________. A．Many hands make light work B．A friend in need is a friend indeed C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do D．Hope for the best and prepare for the worst 6．—Do you understand what the teacher said? —Not really. I’m a bit ________. A．clear B．confused C．embarrassed D．surprised 7．Unless it ________ sunny tomorrow, I ________ fishing in People’s Park. A．is; am going to go B．will be; won’t go C．will be; will go D．is; won’t go 8．Nobody can hear you ________ you speak in a louder voice. A．until B．as soon as C．unless D．so that 9．What a lovely toy bear you bought for my cousin! I will give it to him ________ I see him. A．unless B．so that C．as soon as D．and 10．The city Nanchang is ________ popular ________ many people want to go there for a trip this year. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．very; that 11．It’s too ________. I don’t think you can get to school on time, ________ you take a taxi. A．late; if B．late; unless C．early; unless 12．Don’t ________ your head on others’ shoulders when talking in public—it’s impolite. A．kiss B．bump C．rub D．hug 13．—Will you call me back later? —Of course. I’ll give you a ring as soon as I ________ the bus. A．got off B．will get off C．get off D．gets off 14．I ________ take a taxi to work, but this morning I took one because it was snowy. A．seldom B．sometimes C．usually D．always 15．The table manners in the UK are ________ confusing that Hongli felt worried before the dinner. A．very B．so C．too D．such 二、完形填空 I’m having a great time with my host family in France. I was nervous before I 1 here, but there was no need to be. My host family is really nice. Miss Green always talks to me in French to help me practice. So my French has 2 a lot. I still make lots of 3 , but I don’t worry as 4 as I used to. My biggest problem of all is learning how to act at the dinner table. Things are very different 5 the way they’re at home. For example, you shouldn’t put your elbows (肘) on the table. When I first arrived here, I thought that was quite 6 . But now I’m used to it. Another 7 is that it’s not very 8 to say you’re full. If you don’t want any more 9 , you should just say, “That was delicious.” I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m getting used to it. I don’t find 10 customs (习俗) so strange any more. 1．A．arrived B．left C．hid D．shook 2．A．prepared B．rubbed C．bumped D．improved 3．A．mistakes B．friends C．hugs D．manners 4．A．few B．bit C．much D．little 5．A．with B．from C．for D．of 6．A．formal B．confusing C．proper D．common 7．A．grammar B．reason C．result D．example 8．A．dangerous B．embarrassing C．polite D．rude 9．A．servings B．kisses C．fists D．cheeks 10．A．Australian B．British C．French D．Indian 三、语法填空 Dear Rose, In your last letter, you told me that you would come to Japan for vacation in July. But you were very worried. Because you don’t know 1 you can or can’t do in Japanese restaurants. Now, I 2 (write) to tell you the table manners there and how to behave in a restaurant, Some restaurants in Japan have tatami (榻榻米) floors. When you step into a restaurant, you must take off your shoes. When you sit at the table, you will receive 3 small wet cloth at most Japanese restaurants. Use this to wash your hands before eating, then 4 (care) fold it and set it aside on the table. Don’t use it as a napkin (餐巾纸) , or 5   (touch) any part of your  face. Before and after a meal, it is important to say 6 (tradition) thank-you words. You can make a little noise when you’re eating. For example, it is common to make some slurping (咂嘴) noises while 7 (eat) noodles. That’s 8 in Japan if you slurp, it means the food tastes good. For sushi, you should eat up. It is polite to lift small bowls of rice or soup when you eat. After finishing your meal, it is good manners to restore all your dishes to the way they were at the 9 (begin) of the meal. For example, you can put chopsticks back on the chopsticks shelf. Write to me if you have other questions. Hope you can enjoy 10 (you) in Japan. Yours, Jack 四、阅读选择 Chinese table manners have many rules. First, wait for older people to start eating. Second, sit up straight and keep elbows off the table. Third, use serving chopsticks to take food from shared dishes—don’t reach across the table. Fourth, don’t stick chopsticks into rice—it’s impolite. These rules show respect for others. When foreign friends visit China, following these rules helps them make a good impression. It also shows they respect Chinese culture. 1．What should you do first when having dinner in China? A．Sit up straight B．Wait for older people to start C．Use serving chopsticks D．Keep elbows off the table 2．Why shouldn’t you stick chopsticks into rice? A．It’s unsafe B．It’s impolite C．It’s confusing D．It’s casual 3．What do Chinese table manners show? A．Respect for others B．Interest in food C．Love for chopsticks D．Politeness to strangers 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to use chopsticks B．Chinese table manners C．Foreign table manners D．How to greet in China $