专题01 动词时态和语态(复习讲义)(河北专用)2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

2026-03-10
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小圈儿的英语角
进店逛逛

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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 九年级
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 谓语动词的时态,被动语态
使用场景 中考复习-二轮专题
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 河北省
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 2.53 MB
发布时间 2026-03-10
更新时间 2026-03-13
作者 小圈儿的英语角
品牌系列 上好课·二轮讲练测
审核时间 2026-03-10
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/56734130.html
价格 3.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

内容正文:

专题01 动词时态和语态(复习讲义) 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 新题型下动词时态的语篇辨析与运用 考点二 新题型下动词语态的语境判断与书写 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1.原单句形式的时态语态单选题全面取消,考点下沉到语篇类题型中考查,不再孤立考查语法规则。 2.原词语运用题升级为短文填空,题量从10题增至15题,分值从10分提升至15分,成为时态语态考查的第一大题型;完形填空、情景交际、书面表达成为核心辅助考查载体。 3.2025年河北中考英语改革后,全卷直接考查时态语态的分值稳定在18-22分,隐性考查(阅读理解长难句分析、书面表达语法评分)贯穿全卷,是河北中考英语语法考查的第一核心考点。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 八大时态语篇辨析(主将从现、进行时、完成时为高频) ①短文填空43/50/55题(3题) ②完形填空31/34/36题(3题) ③情景交际76-80题(隐性考查) ①单选33/37/40题(3题) ②词语运用75/78题(2题) ①单选4/7/8/9题(4题) ②词语运用45/48题(2题) 被动语态基本用法与语篇运用 ①短文填空43题(1题)②书面表达核心评分点 ①单选38题(1题) ②词语运用75题(1题) ①单选10题(1题) ②词语运用43题(1题) 时态+语态综合语篇考查 ①短文填空43/55题(2题) ②完形填空36题(1题) ①单选38题(1题) ①单选10题(1题) 时态与状语从句、交际语境的结合 ①情景交际76-80题 ②完形填空37题 ③短文填空55题 ①单选31/35题(2题) ②完形填空45题(1题) ①单选4题(1题) ②词语运用41题(1题) 命题预测 1.语篇化:所有时态语态考点均依托记叙文、说明文、对话类语篇设计,核心考查学生在叙事脉络、交际场景中判断动作时间、主被动关系的能力。 2.短文填空为核心阵地:2026年短文填空,将有2-3题考查时态/语态的正确运用,重点考查时态+主谓一致、时态+语态的综合变形。 3.综合化考查深化:完形填空中时态辨析将与语篇逻辑深度绑定,情景交际中重点考查对话语境下的时态呼应。 考点一 新题型下动词时态的语篇辨析与运用 1.(2025・河北卷・短文填空50题・新题型核心考法)Jim and I went camping with our parents. There we ______ (teach) my pet cat how to clap (拍) with his feet. 2.(2025・河北卷・短文填空55题・新题型趋势考法)I am sure it ______ (make) a big difference in your future life. 3.(2025・河北卷・完形填空36题・新题型高频考法)While the students were discussing what the answer was, Mr. Johnson always ______ their reply patiently. A. learned from B. dreamed of C. believed in D. waited for 4.(2024・河北卷・单项选择40题)Alex ______ tea culture since he came to China in 2010. A. studies B. studied C. has studied D. was studying 5.(2022・河北卷・单项选择38题)At this time yesterday, I ______ a science exam here. A. take B. was taking C. am taking D. will take 表 1 高频八大时态核心对照表 时态 核心结构 高频语篇用法 高频时间/语境线索 一般现在时 动词原形 动词三单 1. 说明文/议论文语篇的核心基调 2. 对话交际中的常态、客观事实表述 3. 时间/条件状语从句中「主将从现」规则 every day/week, usually, always, often, twice a month, 客观真理、日常习惯表述 一般过去时 动词过去式 1. 记叙文语篇的核心叙事基调(新题型短文填空/完形最高频) 2. 描述过去发生的一连串完成的动作 3. 对话中描述过去的经历 yesterday, last week/month, ...ago, just now, in 2020, the other day, 记叙文语篇过去时间基调 一般将来时 will+动词原形 am/is/are going to+动词原形 1. 计划、打算、未来的安排 2. 对话中的邀请、建议、预测 3. 宾语从句中从现在视角描述将来 tomorrow, next year, in+一段时间,soon, in the future, this weekend, in the future life 现在进行时 am/is/are+动词现在分词 1. 对话中描述此刻正在进行的动作2. 记叙文描述当下正在发生的场景3. 现阶段正在持续的动作 now, look, listen, at the moment, these days, 对话中的现场场景描述 过去进行时 was/were+动词现在分词 1. 描述过去某个特定时间点正在进行的动作2. while 引导的从句中,与一般过去时搭配3. 记叙文描述过去的背景动作 at this time yesterday, at 8 o'clock last night, while, when+一般过去时从句 现在完成时 have/has+动词过去分词 1. 过去动作对现在造成的影响/结果 2. 动作从过去持续到现在 3. 新题型短文填空高频标志词对应考点 already, yet, ever, never, since+时间点,for+时间段,so far, in the past few years, over the past+时间段 过去将来时 would+动词原形 was/were going to+动词原形 1. 宾语从句中,主句为过去时,从句描述将来 2. 记叙文描述过去视角下的未来计划 the next day, the following week, would, was/were going to, 主句为一般过去时的宾语从句 过去完成时 had+动词过去分词 1. 动作发生在「过去的过去」,必须有过去动作作参照 2. by+过去的时间点作状语 by the end of last year, before+过去的动作,when+一般过去时从句 表 2 高频易混时态语篇辨析 易混组合 语篇核心区别 解题技巧 一般过去时与现在完成时 一般过去时:记叙文语篇中,只描述过去完成的动作,和现在无关联,不影响当下; 现在完成时:强调过去动作对现在的影响,语篇中会出现前后文的结果关联。 1.有具体过去时间标志(yesterday/last...),必用一般过去时; 2. 有since/for/over the past...,必用现在完成时; 3. 短文填空中,无时间标志时,看前后文是否有对现在的影响。 一般现在时与现在进行时 一般现在时:说明文/议论文的常态基调,无时效性,描述客观事实; 现在进行时:暂时性、正在进行的动作,有明确的时间限定。 1. 频率副词(always/often)后,多用一般现在时; 2. 完形填空中,现场场景描述(look/listen),必用现在进行时。 过去进行时与一般过去时 过去进行时:过去某时间段内持续进行的背景动作,强调过程。 一般过去时:过去完成的瞬时动作,强调结果,是记叙文的核心叙事动作。 1. while 引导的从句,延续性动词多用过去进行时; 2. 短文填空中,描述过去一连串的叙事动作,用一般过去时;描述背景铺垫,用过去进行时。 1.忽视主将从现规则:if/unless 引导的条件状语从句,when/as soon as/until 引导的时间状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句必须用一般现在时表将来; 2.瞬间动词与延续性动词混淆:现在完成时中,for引导的时间段,必须和延续性动词连用,瞬间动词(buy/leave/join/die)要转换为延续性形式(have/keep, be away, be in, be dead); 3.语篇时态基调混乱:记叙文语篇中,整体为过去时基调,无特殊时间标志时,不能随意切换为一般现在时 /现在完成时; 4.不规则动词变形书写错误:短文填空中,不规则动词的过去式/过去分词书写错误(如 teach→teached,正确为 taught)是零分失分点,必须重点掌握中考高频不规则动词变形。 1. 短文填空时态题解题三步法 1.定基调:先通读全段,判断语篇的整体时态基调(记叙文多为过去时,说明文/议论文多为一般现在时); 2.找线索:锁定空前后的时间标志词、连词(when/while/if/since)、前后句的谓语动词时态,确定目标空的时态; 3.写变形:确定时态后,核对主语的人称和数,写出动词的正确变形,注意不规则动词的过去式/过去分词书写规范。 2. 完形填空时态题解题技巧 1.看语篇逻辑:通过语篇的叙事脉络,判断动作发生的先后顺序,锁定时态; 2.抓连词线索:when/while/though/since/before 等连词是时态判断的核心依据,比如 while 后多接进行时; 3.验动作匹配:判断动作是瞬时完成还是持续进行,是常态还是特例,匹配对应的时态。 3. 情景交际时态题解题技巧 1.问答时态呼应:问句和答句的时态必须保持一致,比如一般过去时的问句,必须用一般过去时回答; 2.交际场景匹配:邀请、计划类对话多用一般将来时,日常问候、常态描述多用一般现在时,经历分享多用一般过去时 / 现在完成时。 1. I will tell you as soon as he ___________ (come). 2. The children ___________ (fly) kites in the park at that time yesterday. 3. Be careful! The candle ___________ (burn) brightly on the table. 4. My mother often ___________ (watch) TV after supper. 5. Online shopping ___________(make) life easier, but it also reduces face-to-face communication. 6. Little Hans was sad because someone ___________ (steal) his dog. 7. We _____ (finish) our project already, so we can start the presentation. 8. Let’s go and see who ___________ (sing) in the music room. 9. Kevin ___________ (have) online classes now. 10. Last term, Mr Liu ___________ (teach) us English for three months. 11. The concert ______ (begin) at 8:00 p. m. Make sure you arrive early. 12. Time ___________ (wait) for no man. Until now, I have really known the meaning of the saying. 13. He ___________ (lose) the job if he doesn’t work hard. 14. He ___________ (learn) two thousand English words by the end of last month. 15. So far, he ______________ (make) quite a few friends here. 16. When you called me yesterday, I ___________ (finish) my homework. 17. The school is going to  ___________  (hold) a speech competition on how to recycle waste tomorrow. 18. He ___________ (complete) all the work on his own. Just wait and see! 20. It’s been three years since we last ___________ (see) our primary school classmates. 考点二 新题型下动词语态的语境判断与书写 1.(2025・河北卷・短文填空 43 题・新题型核心考法)With pieces of paper in it, the jug ______ (call) "Good Things Jug". 2.(2024・河北卷・单项选择 38 题)Emma got excited when her writing ______ as a model in class. A. reads B. read C. is read D. was read 3.(2023・河北卷・单项选择 10 题)Breakfast ______ every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village. A. provides B. provided C. is provided D. was provided” 4.(2022・河北卷・单项选择 40 题)—Mmm... Delicious. What is it? —It ______ zongzi, Tony. It's a traditional food in China. A. calls B. is called C. called D. was called” 表 1 高频被动语态时态结构表 时态 被动语态核心结构 考查频次 注意事项 一般现在时 am/is/are + 及物动词过去分词 ★★★★★(每年必考) 主语单复数决定 am/is/are的选择,过去分词书写规范 一般过去时 was/were + 及物动词过去分词 ★★★★★(每年必考) 主语单复数决定 was/were 的选择,不规则动词过去分词重点记忆 一般将来时 will be + 及物动词过去分词am/is/are going to be + 及物动词过去分词 ★★★★(高频) be 动词永远用原形,不可变形 现在完成时 have/has been + 及物动词过去分词 ★★★(中频) 主语单复数决定 have/has的选择,been 不可遗漏 现在进行时 am/is/are being + 及物动词过去分词 ★★(低频) being不可遗漏,过去分词不变形 过去进行时 was/were being + 及物动词过去分词 ★(低频) being不可遗漏,was/were 与主语匹配 被动语态核心判断依据 满足以下任意一种情况,必用被动语态: 1.主语是动作的承受者,而非动作的发出者(核心判断标准); 2.不知道/没有必要指出动作的执行者,例如:The bridge was built in 2010.; 3.需要强调动作的承受者,将承受者放在句首作主语; 4.动作的执行者不是人,而是自然现象、客观事物,例如:Many trees were blown down by the wind.。 主动形式表被动的特殊情况 1.系动词(look/sound/smell/taste/feel/keep 等)用主动形式表被动含义,例如:The Hejian donkey meat fire tastes delicious.(河间驴肉火烧尝起来很美味); 2.表示主语属性/征的动词(sell/wash/write/read/open 等),和 well/easily 连用时,主动表被动,例如:The book about Xibaipo sells well.(这本关于西柏坡的书很畅销); 3.不定式作定语,和被修饰的名词有动宾关系,又和句中主语有主谓关系时,主动表被动,例如:I have a lot of volunteer work to do.; 4.be worth doing 结构,主动形式表被动含义,例如:The Wuqiao Acrobatics show is worth watching. 1.不及物动词无被动语态:happen/take place/come true/arrive/appear 等不及物动词,绝对不能用于被动结构,是短文填空的高频零分易错点; 2.使役动词/感官动词被动还原 to:make/let/have/see/hear 等动词,主动语态中省略 to,变为被动语态时必须还原 to,例如:He was made to finish the volunteer work.; 3.短语动词被动语态丢介词/副词:短语动词(look after/take care of/listen to)的被动语态,不能丢掉后面的介词/副词,例如:The left-behind children are taken good care of.; 4.被动结构中 be 动词遗漏/变形错误:短文填空中,只写过去分词,遗漏 be 动词;或 be 动词的时态、单复数与主语不匹配,是最核心的失分点,必须重点规避。 短文填空被动语态解题两步法 1.判主被动:分析主语和括号内动词的关系,主语是动作的承受者,必用被动语态,先锁定「be + 过去分词」的核心结构; 2.定时态变形:结合语篇的时态基调、时间标志词,确定 be 动词的时态和单复数形式,再写出动词的正确过去分词,最终完成变形。 1. Because of the heavy fog, most of the flights have been ______________ (cancel). 2. Today, Yingge Dance ___________ (think) of as an important cultural treasure in our country. 3. Lisa was _____________ (choose) as the lead role in the school play last week. 4. Truth is often _____________ (see) by those who experience it, rather than by those who talk about it. 5. When we failed in the exam, we ___________ (encourage) by our teacher not to lose heart. 6. The artwork is really worth ___________ and collection. (admire) 7. No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all problems can ___________ (solve) in the end. 8. Your clothes too dirty. They must ___________ (wash) at once. 9. The tickets ___________ (sell) out if you don’t order them as soon as possible. 10. Our personal information ___________ (steal) if we are not careful enough on the Internet. 11. The next Winter Olympic Games ______________ (hold) in Milan in 2026. 12. The stone bridge ___________ (build) over 800 years ago. 13. He ______________ (punish) because he broke the rules. 14. With the development of our country, Chinese ___________ (learn) in many other countries. 15. When you ___________ (ask) a question in class, you should answer it loudly and clearly. 一、单项选择 1.—When is the school sports meeting? —It will be held on time if it ________ next Friday. A.isn’t rain B.won’t rain C.doesn’t rain D.hasn’t rain 2.— What do you usually do in your free time, Mary? — I ________ movies at home. It’s a great way to relax. A.watch B.watched C.will watch D.was watching 3.—It’s over twenty years since we ________ here. —How time flies! We ________ in Tianjin for so long. A.have come; have lived B.came; have lived C.came; lived D.have lived; came 4.There ________ a big flower show in Nanhu Park next week. A.is B.was C.will be D.were 5.—Why is the music room so noisy? —Some students ________ for the talent show there. A.practice B.practiced C.will practice D.are practicing 6.To make our city much greener, more trees ________ in the next few years. A.plant B.will plant C.will be planted D.are planted 7.These flowers look beautiful. They ________ every week. A.water B.watered C.were watered D.are watered 8.Mr Thomas, a famous doctor, _______ in Hangzhou since ten years ago. A.works B.was working C.worked D.has worked 9.The children ________ to the zoo if it ________ tomorrow. A.will go; won’t rain B.go; doesn’t rain C.will go; doesn’t rain D.go; won’t rain 10.—Don’t take pictures with your flash on, please. —I’m sorry. I ________ the rule. I won’t do it again. A.don’t know B.didn’t know C.haven’t known D.am not knowing 二、完形填空 Professional sports are very popular in the United States and they are big business. The most popular sports are basketball, football and baseball. 11 has its own season and 12 supporters. Professional teams are named for the cities 13 they are located. When a team plays in a championship game, most people in the city 14 the game with interest and enthusiasm. Basketball is well-known around the world. Professional basketball games in the US 15 indoors during winter months. From November to April one can find a professional basketball game several nights a week in most large American cities. Basketball is an American sport. It has been called the national pastime. The game is played in the evening nearly every night of the week and on weekends as well. The season begins in April and finishes in October. Football has become the most popular professional sport in the US. It is played on Sundays 16 the fall from August to January. American football is different from international football, 17 Americans called soccer. Both games require 18 and specialized skills. Professional players are very 19 . The most famous players 20 millions of dollars for their playing skills. American best players have higher salaries than the country’s president. 11.A.Every B.Both C.Each D.All 12.A.million B.millions C.million of D.millions of 13.A.when B.where C.who D.whose 14.A.follow B.walk C.run D.jump 15.A.played B.is played C.plays D.are played 16.A.during B.while C.on D.at 17.A.when B.that C.where D.which 18.A.strong B.strength C.strengthen D.stronger 19.A.well pay B.good pay C.well paid D.good paid 20.A.make B.had C.got D.received 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Music is an important part of my life. In my opinion, nothing brings me 21 (great) pleasure than enjoying music. I love listening to music 22 my spare time. Most people know that music can improve 23 (we) health. For example, it helps people relax after a long day of work. Music is always there when I need it. When I feel down, it helps me get through the 24 (sad). When I’m stressed, it 25 (wash) away my worries. When I feel lonely, it makes me feel like I have 26 friend beside me. When I want 27 (be) quiet, I wear my earphones and listen to my favorite songs. It helps me to shut 28 the noisy world around me. For me, music is not just sound—it’s a special language 29 connects my heart with the world. Music is very important to my life. I think without music, my life would be less colorful and 30 (interest). I enjoy different kinds of music, but I prefer songs with 31 (meaning) lyrics that reflect human feelings. These lyrics are 32 (wide) used to encourage people and remind them to keep going. The songs 33 (teach) me many useful things so far. Day by day, they make me a better person. Of course, there’s no need to stick to a certain kind of music. All 34 (kind) of music, from rock to classical, have a special power. They 35 (know) for making people happy and lifting their mood. Besides lifting mood, it is also a powerful way to bring people together in celebration. 21.____________ 22.____________ 23.____________ 24.____________ 25.____________ 26.____________ 27.____________ 28.____________ 29.____________ 30.____________ 31.____________ 32.____________ 33.____________ 34.____________ 35.____________ 四、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景,在空白处填入一个适当的句子,使对话的意思连贯、完整。 (Two students, Mary and Tony, are talking with each other outside a science fair.) Mary: How do you like the science fair? Tony: 36.__________________________________________ So many inventions are shown in it. Mary: What do you think is the most interesting one? Tony: I think the 3D printer is the most interesting. It is said that it could even print some difficult models. Mary:37.__________________________________________ Tony: It was invented by Liang Jian and Zheng Zhiwei. Mary: 38.__________________________________________ Tony: The fair will last for five days. If you are free today, you should take a look. I’m sure you will learn a lot. Mary: What’s your plan for the future after seeing these inventions? Tony: 39.__________________________________________ There are so many things that can be explored in science. Mary: That’s wonderful. 40.__________________________________________ Tony: Thank you very much. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司2/18 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题01 动词时态和语态(复习讲义) 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 新题型下动词时态的语篇辨析与运用 考点二 新题型下动词语态的语境判断与书写 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1.原单句形式的时态语态单选题全面取消,考点下沉到语篇类题型中考查,不再孤立考查语法规则。 2.原词语运用题升级为短文填空,题量从10题增至15题,分值从10分提升至15分,成为时态语态考查的第一大题型;完形填空、情景交际、书面表达成为核心辅助考查载体。 3.2025年河北中考英语改革后,全卷直接考查时态语态的分值稳定在18-22分,隐性考查(阅读理解长难句分析、书面表达语法评分)贯穿全卷,是河北中考英语语法考查的第一核心考点。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 八大时态语篇辨析(主将从现、进行时、完成时为高频) ①短文填空43/50/55题(3题) ②完形填空31/34/36题(3题) ③情景交际76-80题(隐性考查) ①单选33/37/40题(3题) ②词语运用75/78题(2题) ①单选4/7/8/9题(4题) ②词语运用45/48题(2题) 被动语态基本用法与语篇运用 ①短文填空43题(1题)②书面表达核心评分点 ①单选38题(1题) ②词语运用75题(1题) ①单选10题(1题) ②词语运用43题(1题) 时态+语态综合语篇考查 ①短文填空43/55题(2题) ②完形填空36题(1题) ①单选38题(1题) ①单选10题(1题) 时态与状语从句、交际语境的结合 ①情景交际76-80题 ②完形填空37题 ③短文填空55题 ①单选31/35题(2题) ②完形填空45题(1题) ①单选4题(1题) ②词语运用41题(1题) 命题预测 1.语篇化:所有时态语态考点均依托记叙文、说明文、对话类语篇设计,核心考查学生在叙事脉络、交际场景中判断动作时间、主被动关系的能力。 2.短文填空为核心阵地:2026年短文填空,将有2-3题考查时态/语态的正确运用,重点考查时态+主谓一致、时态+语态的综合变形。 3.综合化考查深化:完形填空中时态辨析将与语篇逻辑深度绑定,情景交际中重点考查对话语境下的时态呼应。 考点一 新题型下动词时态的语篇辨析与运用 1.(2025・河北卷・短文填空50题・新题型核心考法)Jim and I went camping with our parents. There we ______ (teach) my pet cat how to clap (拍) with his feet. 【答案】taught 【解析】句意:吉姆和我跟父母一起去露营了。在那里我们教我的宠物猫用脚拍手。根据句中 “went camping” 这一一般过去时谓语动词可知,语篇整体为过去时叙事基调,此处需填 teach 的过去式,故填 taught。 2.(2025・河北卷・短文填空55题・新题型趋势考法)I am sure it ______ (make) a big difference in your future life. 【答案】will make 【解析】句意:我确信它会对你未来的生活产生重大影响。根据句中时间标志 “in your future life” 可知,此处需表达将来发生的动作,应使用 make 的一般将来时形式,故填 will make。 3.(2025・河北卷・完形填空36题・新题型高频考法)While the students were discussing what the answer was, Mr. Johnson always ______ their reply patiently. A. learned from B. dreamed of C. believed in D. waited for 【答案】D 【解析】句意:当学生们在讨论答案是什么时,约翰逊先生总是耐心地等待他们的回复。根据while引导的从句为过去进行时,主句需用一般过去时表瞬时动作,结合语境 “耐心等待回复”,可知应选 waited for,故填 D。 4.(2024・河北卷・单项选择40题)Alex ______ tea culture since he came to China in 2010. A. studies B. studied C. has studied D. was studying 【答案】C 【解析】句意:自从 2010 年来到中国,亚历克斯就一直在研究茶文化。根据句中 “since he came to China in 2010” 这一现在完成时标志,主句需用现在完成时,故填 has studied。 5.(2022・河北卷・单项选择38题)At this time yesterday, I ______ a science exam here. A. take B. was taking C. am taking D. will take 【答案】B 【解析】句意:昨天这个时候,我正在这里参加科学考试。根据句中时间标志 “At this time yesterday” 可知,此处需表达过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,应使用 take 的过去进行时形式,故填 was taking。 表 1 高频八大时态核心对照表 时态 核心结构 高频语篇用法 高频时间/语境线索 一般现在时 动词原形 动词三单 1. 说明文/议论文语篇的核心基调 2. 对话交际中的常态、客观事实表述 3. 时间/条件状语从句中「主将从现」规则 every day/week, usually, always, often, twice a month, 客观真理、日常习惯表述 一般过去时 动词过去式 1. 记叙文语篇的核心叙事基调(新题型短文填空/完形最高频) 2. 描述过去发生的一连串完成的动作 3. 对话中描述过去的经历 yesterday, last week/month, ...ago, just now, in 2020, the other day, 记叙文语篇过去时间基调 一般将来时 will+动词原形 am/is/are going to+动词原形 1. 计划、打算、未来的安排 2. 对话中的邀请、建议、预测 3. 宾语从句中从现在视角描述将来 tomorrow, next year, in+一段时间,soon, in the future, this weekend, in the future life 现在进行时 am/is/are+动词现在分词 1. 对话中描述此刻正在进行的动作2. 记叙文描述当下正在发生的场景3. 现阶段正在持续的动作 now, look, listen, at the moment, these days, 对话中的现场场景描述 过去进行时 was/were+动词现在分词 1. 描述过去某个特定时间点正在进行的动作2. while 引导的从句中,与一般过去时搭配3. 记叙文描述过去的背景动作 at this time yesterday, at 8 o'clock last night, while, when+一般过去时从句 现在完成时 have/has+动词过去分词 1. 过去动作对现在造成的影响/结果 2. 动作从过去持续到现在 3. 新题型短文填空高频标志词对应考点 already, yet, ever, never, since+时间点,for+时间段,so far, in the past few years, over the past+时间段 过去将来时 would+动词原形 was/were going to+动词原形 1. 宾语从句中,主句为过去时,从句描述将来 2. 记叙文描述过去视角下的未来计划 the next day, the following week, would, was/were going to, 主句为一般过去时的宾语从句 过去完成时 had+动词过去分词 1. 动作发生在「过去的过去」,必须有过去动作作参照 2. by+过去的时间点作状语 by the end of last year, before+过去的动作,when+一般过去时从句 表 2 高频易混时态语篇辨析 易混组合 语篇核心区别 解题技巧 一般过去时与现在完成时 一般过去时:记叙文语篇中,只描述过去完成的动作,和现在无关联,不影响当下; 现在完成时:强调过去动作对现在的影响,语篇中会出现前后文的结果关联。 1.有具体过去时间标志(yesterday/last...),必用一般过去时; 2. 有since/for/over the past...,必用现在完成时; 3. 短文填空中,无时间标志时,看前后文是否有对现在的影响。 一般现在时与现在进行时 一般现在时:说明文/议论文的常态基调,无时效性,描述客观事实; 现在进行时:暂时性、正在进行的动作,有明确的时间限定。 1. 频率副词(always/often)后,多用一般现在时; 2. 完形填空中,现场场景描述(look/listen),必用现在进行时。 过去进行时与一般过去时 过去进行时:过去某时间段内持续进行的背景动作,强调过程。 一般过去时:过去完成的瞬时动作,强调结果,是记叙文的核心叙事动作。 1. while 引导的从句,延续性动词多用过去进行时; 2. 短文填空中,描述过去一连串的叙事动作,用一般过去时;描述背景铺垫,用过去进行时。 1.忽视主将从现规则:if/unless 引导的条件状语从句,when/as soon as/until 引导的时间状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句必须用一般现在时表将来; 2.瞬间动词与延续性动词混淆:现在完成时中,for引导的时间段,必须和延续性动词连用,瞬间动词(buy/leave/join/die)要转换为延续性形式(have/keep, be away, be in, be dead); 3.语篇时态基调混乱:记叙文语篇中,整体为过去时基调,无特殊时间标志时,不能随意切换为一般现在时 /现在完成时; 4.不规则动词变形书写错误:短文填空中,不规则动词的过去式/过去分词书写错误(如 teach→teached,正确为 taught)是零分失分点,必须重点掌握中考高频不规则动词变形。 1. 短文填空时态题解题三步法 1.定基调:先通读全段,判断语篇的整体时态基调(记叙文多为过去时,说明文/议论文多为一般现在时); 2.找线索:锁定空前后的时间标志词、连词(when/while/if/since)、前后句的谓语动词时态,确定目标空的时态; 3.写变形:确定时态后,核对主语的人称和数,写出动词的正确变形,注意不规则动词的过去式/过去分词书写规范。 2. 完形填空时态题解题技巧 1.看语篇逻辑:通过语篇的叙事脉络,判断动作发生的先后顺序,锁定时态; 2.抓连词线索:when/while/though/since/before 等连词是时态判断的核心依据,比如 while 后多接进行时; 3.验动作匹配:判断动作是瞬时完成还是持续进行,是常态还是特例,匹配对应的时态。 3. 情景交际时态题解题技巧 1.问答时态呼应:问句和答句的时态必须保持一致,比如一般过去时的问句,必须用一般过去时回答; 2.交际场景匹配:邀请、计划类对话多用一般将来时,日常问候、常态描述多用一般现在时,经历分享多用一般过去时 / 现在完成时。 1. I will tell you as soon as he ___________ (come). 【答案】comes 【解析】句意:他一来我就会告诉你。根据“I will tell you as soon as he…”可知,这是一个由as soon as引导的时间状语从句。在时间状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来。这里的主语he是第三人称单数,所以动词come要用第三人称单数形式comes。故填comes。 2. The children ___________ (fly) kites in the park at that time yesterday. 【答案】were flying 【解析】句意:昨天那个时候孩子们正在公园里放风筝。根据“at that time yesterday”可知,句子描述的是过去某个具体时刻正在进行的动作,要用过去进行时态,其结构为“was/were + 现在分词”。句子主语“The children”是复数,所以be动词用were,fly的现在分词是flying,故填were flying。 3. Be careful! The candle ___________ (burn) brightly on the table. 【答案】is burning 【解析】句意:小心!蜡烛在桌子上明亮地燃烧着。根据“Be careful!”可知,句子表达的是当前正在发生的情况,应用现在进行时态,结构为“be+动词的现在分词”,主语“the candle”是单数,be动词用“is”,“burn”的现在分词形式是“burning”。故填is burning。 4. My mother often ___________ (watch) TV after supper. 【答案】watches 【解析】句意:我妈妈经常在晚饭后看电视。根据本空前的“often”可知,此处采用一般现在时。又因为主语Jim第三人称为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式watches。故填watches。 5. Online shopping ___________(make) life easier, but it also reduces face-to-face communication. 【答案】makes 【解析】句意:网上购物让生活更便捷,但也减少了面对面的交流。分析句子结构可知,主语为“Online shopping”,且句子陈述客观事实,时态为一般现在时,因此谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。“make”的第三人称单数形式为“makes”,故填makes。 6. Little Hans was sad because someone ___________ (steal) his dog. 【答案】had stolen 【解析】句意:小汉斯很伤心,因为有人偷了他的狗。此句为原因状语从句,主句为一般过去时。偷狗这件事发生在小汉斯很伤心之前,从句用过去完成时,表示过去的过去,结构为had done。steal“偷”,动词,过去分词为stolen。故填had stolen。 7. We _____ (finish) our project already, so we can start the presentation. 【答案】have finished 【解析】句意:我们已经完成了我们的项目,所以我们可以开始演示了。根据“already”和“we can start the presentation”可知动作已完成并对现在有影响,应用现在完成时,主语“We”为复数,谓语结构用have done。故填have finished。 8. Let’s go and see who ___________ (sing) in the music room. 【答案】is singing 【解析】句意:我们去看看谁在音乐室唱歌。根据“Let’s go and see who...in the music room.”可知,此处说明说话的同时正在有人唱歌,所以时态要用现在进行时,其结构为be+动词的现在分词形式。who开头的句子一般看做单数,所以be用is,动词sing的现在分词形式是singing。故填is singing。 9. Kevin ___________ (have) online classes now. 【答案】is having 【解析】句意:现在,凯文正在上网络课。根据“now”可知,此处指现在正在进行的动作,句子时态为现在进行时,主语为“Kevin”,应填is having。故填is having。 10. Last term, Mr Liu ___________ (teach) us English for three months. 【答案】taught 【解析】句意:上学期,刘老师教了我们三个月英语。根据“Last term”可知,动作发生在过去,所以谓语动词要用过去式。teach的过去式是taught。故填taught。 11. The concert ______ (begin) at 8:00 p. m. Make sure you arrive early. 【答案】begins/will begin 【解析】句意:音乐会晚上8点开始。确保你早点到。begin“开始”,动词;此句可用一般现在时表示“音乐会晚上8点开始”是既定安排,主语“The concert”为第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单形式begins;也可用一般将来时的will do结构表示“开始”是将来时间要发生的动作。故填begins/will begin。 12. Time ___________ (wait) for no man. Until now, I have really known the meaning of the saying. 【答案】waits 【解析】句意:时间不等人。直到现在,我才真正明白这句话的意思。wait“等待”,该句陈述事实,时态为一般现在时,主语是“Time”,动词填三单形式。故填waits。 13. He ___________ (lose) the job if he doesn’t work hard. 【答案】will lose 【解析】句意:如果他不努力工作,他就会失去这份工作。if引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,主句用一般将来时,其结构为“will do”,从句用一般现在时,此处应用will lose。故填will lose。 14. He ___________ (learn) two thousand English words by the end of last month. 【答案】had learned/had learnt 【解析】句意:到上月底为止,他已经学了两千个英语单词。根据“by the end of last month.”可知,此句用过去完成时had done,learn的过去分词为learned/learnt。故填had learned/had learnt。 15. So far, he ______________ (make) quite a few friends here. 【答案】has made 【解析】句意:到目前为止,他已经在这里交了相当多的朋友。根据“So far, he...quite a few friends here.”可知,“So far”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语,结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语“he”是第三人称单数,助动词用“has”;“make”的过去分词为“made”。故填has made。 16. When you called me yesterday, I ___________ (finish) my homework. 【答案】was finishing 【解析】句意:昨天你打电话给我时,我正在完成我的作业。根据“When you called me yesterday”可知,此处是表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作,应用过去进行时,结构是was/were doing,主语是I,be动词用was。故填was finishing。 17. The school is going to  ___________  (hold) a speech competition on how to recycle waste tomorrow. 【答案】hold 【解析】句意:学校明天将举办一个关于如何废物利用的演讲比赛。hold“举办”,动词。根据“be going to”可知,后接动词原形,此处应用动词原形hold。故填hold。 18. He ___________ (complete) all the work on his own. Just wait and see! 【答案】will complete 【解析】句意:他将独自完成所有的工作。等着瞧吧!根据“Just wait and see!”可知,此处暗含现在所有的工作还未完成,应用一般将来时,应填will complete。故填will complete。 19. Many people came to help as soon as they ___________ the news. (hear) 【答案】heard 【解析】句意:许多人一听到消息就来帮忙了。根据“came...as soon as...”可知,as soon as引导的时间状语从句中,若主句为过去时,从句通常用一般过去时表示同时或紧接着发生的动作。故空处需动词过去式。故填heard。 20. It’s been three years since we last ___________ (see) our primary school classmates. 【答案】saw 【解析】句意:自从我们上次见到小学同学,已经过去三年了。“It’s been + 时间段 + since + 从句”是固定句型,从句需用一般过去时,表示“自从过去某个动作发生以来”,“see”的过去式为“saw”。故填saw。 考点二 新题型下动词语态的语境判断与书写 1.(2025・河北卷・短文填空 43 题・新题型核心考法)With pieces of paper in it, the jug ______ (call) "Good Things Jug". 【答案】is called 【解析】句意:里面装着纸片,这个罐子被称为 “好事罐”。根据句中主语 “the jug” 与动词 call 为被动关系,且语篇为一般现在时基调,需用一般现在时的被动语态,故填 is called。 2.(2024・河北卷・单项选择 38 题)Emma got excited when her writing ______ as a model in class. A. reads B. read C. is read D. was read 【答案】D 【解析】句意:当艾玛的作文在课堂上被当作范文朗读时,她很兴奋。根据句中主语 “her writing” 与动词 read 为被动关系,且主句 “got excited” 为一般过去时,从句需用一般过去时的被动语态,故填 was read。 3.(2023・河北卷・单项选择 10 题)Breakfast ______ every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village. A. provides B. provided C. is provided D. was provided” 【答案】C 【解析】句意:这个村子每天为 60 岁以上的老人免费提供早餐。根据句中主语 “Breakfast” 与动词 provide 为被动关系,且时间标志 “every day” 表一般现在时,需用一般现在时的被动语态,故填 is provided。 4.(2022・河北卷・单项选择 40 题)—Mmm... Delicious. What is it? —It ______ zongzi, Tony. It's a traditional food in China. A. calls B. is called C. called D. was called” 【答案】B 【解析】句意:—— 嗯,太好吃了。这是什么?—— 托尼,它叫粽子。它是中国的传统食物。根据句中主语 “it” 与动词 call 为被动关系,且语境表客观事实,需用一般现在时的被动语态,故填 is called。 表 1 高频被动语态时态结构表 时态 被动语态核心结构 考查频次 注意事项 一般现在时 am/is/are + 及物动词过去分词 ★★★★★(每年必考) 主语单复数决定 am/is/are的选择,过去分词书写规范 一般过去时 was/were + 及物动词过去分词 ★★★★★(每年必考) 主语单复数决定 was/were 的选择,不规则动词过去分词重点记忆 一般将来时 will be + 及物动词过去分词am/is/are going to be + 及物动词过去分词 ★★★★(高频) be 动词永远用原形,不可变形 现在完成时 have/has been + 及物动词过去分词 ★★★(中频) 主语单复数决定 have/has的选择,been 不可遗漏 现在进行时 am/is/are being + 及物动词过去分词 ★★(低频) being不可遗漏,过去分词不变形 过去进行时 was/were being + 及物动词过去分词 ★(低频) being不可遗漏,was/were 与主语匹配 被动语态核心判断依据 满足以下任意一种情况,必用被动语态: 1.主语是动作的承受者,而非动作的发出者(核心判断标准); 2.不知道/没有必要指出动作的执行者,例如:The bridge was built in 2010.; 3.需要强调动作的承受者,将承受者放在句首作主语; 4.动作的执行者不是人,而是自然现象、客观事物,例如:Many trees were blown down by the wind.。 主动形式表被动的特殊情况 1.系动词(look/sound/smell/taste/feel/keep 等)用主动形式表被动含义,例如:The Hejian donkey meat fire tastes delicious.(河间驴肉火烧尝起来很美味); 2.表示主语属性/征的动词(sell/wash/write/read/open 等),和 well/easily 连用时,主动表被动,例如:The book about Xibaipo sells well.(这本关于西柏坡的书很畅销); 3.不定式作定语,和被修饰的名词有动宾关系,又和句中主语有主谓关系时,主动表被动,例如:I have a lot of volunteer work to do.; 4.be worth doing 结构,主动形式表被动含义,例如:The Wuqiao Acrobatics show is worth watching. 1.不及物动词无被动语态:happen/take place/come true/arrive/appear 等不及物动词,绝对不能用于被动结构,是短文填空的高频零分易错点; 2.使役动词/感官动词被动还原 to:make/let/have/see/hear 等动词,主动语态中省略 to,变为被动语态时必须还原 to,例如:He was made to finish the volunteer work.; 3.短语动词被动语态丢介词/副词:短语动词(look after/take care of/listen to)的被动语态,不能丢掉后面的介词/副词,例如:The left-behind children are taken good care of.; 4.被动结构中 be 动词遗漏/变形错误:短文填空中,只写过去分词,遗漏 be 动词;或 be 动词的时态、单复数与主语不匹配,是最核心的失分点,必须重点规避。 短文填空被动语态解题两步法 1.判主被动:分析主语和括号内动词的关系,主语是动作的承受者,必用被动语态,先锁定「be + 过去分词」的核心结构; 2.定时态变形:结合语篇的时态基调、时间标志词,确定 be 动词的时态和单复数形式,再写出动词的正确过去分词,最终完成变形。 1. Because of the heavy fog, most of the flights have been ______________ (cancel). 【答案】cancelled/canceled 【解析】句意:由于大雾,大部分航班已被取消。cancel“取消”,为动词;根据“most of the flights have been”可知,这里表示大部分航班已被取消,为被动语态,应用动词的过去分词。故填cancelled/canceled。 2. Today, Yingge Dance ___________ (think) of as an important cultural treasure in our country. 【答案】is thought 【解析】句意:今天,英歌舞被认为是我国重要的文化瑰宝。根据“Today”可知,此句时态为一般现在时,主语Yingge Dance与谓语think是被动关系,用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是单数,be动词用is。故填is thought。 3. Lisa was _____________ (choose) as the lead role in the school play last week. 【答案】chosen 【解析】句意:上周,丽莎被选为学校戏剧的主角。根据“Lisa was…as the lead role”及提示词可知,此处指“被选为主角”,choose“选择”,动词;主语Lisa与谓语动词choose之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,由时间状语“last week”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were+过去分词”,choose的过去分词为chosen。故填chosen。 4. Truth is often _____________ (see) by those who experience it, rather than by those who talk about it. 【答案】seen 【解析】句意:真相往往是被那些经历过它的人看到,而不是被那些谈论它的人看到。根据“Truth is often...by those who experience it”以及英文提示可知,此处主语“Truth”与动词“see”之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;被动语态的结构是“be + 过去分词”,“see”的过去分词是“seen”。故填seen。   5. When we failed in the exam, we ___________ (encourage) by our teacher not to lose heart. 【答案】were encouraged 【解析】句意:当我们考试失败时,我们的老师经常鼓励我们不要灰心。根据“failed”可知,时态是一般过去时,主语we与动词encourage之间是被动关系,需一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为was/were done,主语为we,助动词用were,动词encourage的过去分词为encouraged。故填were encouraged。 6. The artwork is really worth ___________ and collection. (admire) 【答案】admiring 【解析】句意:这件艺术品真的值得欣赏和收藏。be worth doing sth值得做某事,故填admiring。 7. No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all problems can ___________ (solve) in the end. 【答案】be solved 【解析】句意:不管我们有多少困难,我相信所有的问题最终都能解决。主语“problems”是动作的承受者,此处是含情态动词的被动语态,空处需结构be done,动词solve的过去分词为solved,故填be solved。 8. Your clothes too dirty. They must ___________ (wash) at once. 【答案】be washed 【解析】句意:你的衣服太脏了,必须马上洗。衣服“必须被洗”,用含情态动词的被动语态“must be done”,wash的过去分词是washed。故填be washed。 9. The tickets ___________ (sell) out if you don’t order them as soon as possible. 【答案】will be sold 【解析】句意:如果你不尽快订购,票就要卖完了。根据“if you don’t order them as soon as possible”可知,if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,从句是一般现在时,主句是一般将来时。由于主语“The tickets”与“sell”是动宾关系,这里用一般将来时被动语态,selling的过去分词sold。故填will be sold。 10. Our personal information ___________ (steal) if we are not careful enough on the Internet. 【答案】will be stolen 【解析】句意:如果我们在互联网上不够小心,我们的个人信息就会被盗。该句是if引导的条件状语从句,主语用一般将来时,“our personal information”是动作的承受者,因此需用一般将来时的被动语态“will be+过去分词”,故填will be stolen。 11. The next Winter Olympic Games ______________ (hold) in Milan in 2026. 【答案】will be held 【解析】句意:下一届冬季奥运会将于2026年在米兰举行。主语The next Winter Olympic Games与hold之间是动宾关系,且根据“in 2026”可知,时态用一般将来时,因此空处是一般将来时的被动语态will be done,hold的过去分词是held。故填will be held。 12. The stone bridge ___________ (build) over 800 years ago. 【答案】was built 【解析】句意:这座石桥建于800多年前。主语是“The stone bridge”,应该是“被建”,结合“over 800 years ago”可知,该句考查一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为“was/were done”,主语是单数,be动词填was。故填was built。 13. He ______________ (punish) because he broke the rules. 【答案】was punished 【解析】句意:他因为违反规定被惩罚了。 根据“because he broke the rules”可知,“broke”是过去式,表明动作发生在过去,且“he”和“punish”是被动关系,即他被惩罚,主语为三单,故此处应用一般过去时的被动语态“was punished”。故填was punished。 14. With the development of our country, Chinese ___________ (learn) in many other countries. 【答案】is learned/is learnt 【解析】句意:随着我国的发展,汉语在许多其他国家被学习。主语Chinese和谓语learn之间是被动关系,且此处描述客观情况,用一般现在时的被动语态,be动词用is,learn的过去分词是learned/learnt。故填is learned/learnt。 15. When you ___________ (ask) a question in class, you should answer it loudly and clearly. 【答案】are asked 【解析】句意:当你在课堂上被问到一个问题时,你应该大声且清晰地回答它。根据“When you...a question in class, you should answer it loudly and clearly.”可知,句子的主语“you”和动词“ask”之间是被动关系,即“你被问问题”。句子时态是一般现在时态,所以要用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构是 “am/is/are+过去分词”。主语“you”是第二人称,“be”动词用“are”,“ask”的过去分词是“asked”。故填are asked。 一、单项选择 1.—When is the school sports meeting? —It will be held on time if it ________ next Friday. A.isn’t rain B.won’t rain C.doesn’t rain D.hasn’t rain 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——学校运动会什么时候举行?——如果下周五不下雨,就会按时举行。 考查if引导的条件状语从句的时态用法。根据“—When is school the sports meeting? —It will be held on time if it…next Friday.”可知,在if引导的条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时 (will be held),从句需用一般现在时表示将来。rain是动词,否定形式需借助助动词doesn’t。故选C。 2.— What do you usually do in your free time, Mary? — I ________ movies at home. It’s a great way to relax. A.watch B.watched C.will watch D.was watching 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——玛丽,你空闲时间通常做什么?——我在家看电影。这是一种很好的放松方式。 考查动词时态。watch观看,动词原形;watched过去式;will watch一般将来时;was watching过去进行时。“usually”表明句子时态是一般现在时,主语“I”是第一人称,动词用原形。故选A。 3.—It’s over twenty years since we ________ here. —How time flies! We ________ in Tianjin for so long. A.have come; have lived B.came; have lived C.came; lived D.have lived; came 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——自从我们来到这里已经二十多年了。——时间过得真快!我们在天津住了这么久。 考查时态。since引导时间状语从句,从句中动词come是短暂性动词,用一般过去时,第一空是动词 过去式came,表示“从过去某个时间点开始”;for so long表示一段时间,且动作从过去持续到现在,用现在完成时,第二空是have lived。故选B。 4.There ________ a big flower show in Nanhu Park next week. A.is B.was C.will be D.were 【答案】C 【解析】句意:下周南湖公园将有一场大型花展。 考查一般将来时。根据“next week”可知,句子时态为一般将来时,there be句型的一般将来时结构为there will be。故选C。 5.—Why is the music room so noisy? —Some students ________ for the talent show there. A.practice B.practiced C.will practice D.are practicing 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——音乐室为何如此嘈杂?——一些学生正在那里为才艺表演排练。 考查动词时态。根据“Why is the music room so noisy?”可知,空处应是描述正在发生的动作,需现在进行时,其结构为be doing,主语Some students为名词复数,be动词用are。故选D。 6.To make our city much greener, more trees ________ in the next few years. A.plant B.will plant C.will be planted D.are planted 【答案】C 【解析】句意:为了使我们的城市更加绿色,在接下来的几年里将会种植更多的树。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意可知,主语“more trees”和谓语动词“plant”之间存在被动关系,即树是被种植的,所以应用被动语态;再根据时间状语“in the next few years”可知,句子应使用一般将来时,表示在接下来的几年里将要发生的动作。因此,句子应使用一般将来时的被动语态,即will be planted。故选C。 7.These flowers look beautiful. They ________ every week. A.water B.watered C.were watered D.are watered 【答案】D 【解析】句意:这些花看起来很漂亮。它们每周都被浇一次水。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“They”指代“These flowers”,与动词water“给……浇水”为被动关系,又根据“every week”可知,此处应用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为be done;主语为“They”,be动词应用are,动词water的过去分词为watered。故选D。 8.Mr Thomas, a famous doctor, _______ in Hangzhou since ten years ago. A.works B.was working C.worked D.has worked 【答案】D 【解析】句意:托马斯先生,一位著名的医生,自从十年前就一直在杭州工作。 考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“since ten years ago”可知,动作从过去持续到现在,应用现在完成时。故选D。 9.The children ________ to the zoo if it ________ tomorrow. A.will go; won’t rain B.go; doesn’t rain C.will go; doesn’t rain D.go; won’t rain 【答案】C 【解析】句意:如果明天不下雨,孩子们将去动物园。 考查动词时态。根据“The children …to the zoo if it …tomorrow.”可知,此处是if引导的条件状语从句,时态遵循“主将从现”原则,第一空主句用一般将来时,其结构为will do,排除BD;第二空从句用一般现在时,选项A为一般将来时,应排除。故选C。 10.—Don’t take pictures with your flash on, please. —I’m sorry. I ________ the rule. I won’t do it again. A.don’t know B.didn’t know C.haven’t known D.am not knowing 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——请不要开着闪光灯拍照。 ——我很抱歉。我不知道规则。我不会再这样做了。 考查动词时态。根据“I won’t do it again.”可知,此处是对刚才发生的事情道歉,要用一般过去时。故选B。 二、完形填空 Professional sports are very popular in the United States and they are big business. The most popular sports are basketball, football and baseball. 11 has its own season and 12 supporters. Professional teams are named for the cities 13 they are located. When a team plays in a championship game, most people in the city 14 the game with interest and enthusiasm. Basketball is well-known around the world. Professional basketball games in the US 15 indoors during winter months. From November to April one can find a professional basketball game several nights a week in most large American cities. Basketball is an American sport. It has been called the national pastime. The game is played in the evening nearly every night of the week and on weekends as well. The season begins in April and finishes in October. Football has become the most popular professional sport in the US. It is played on Sundays 16 the fall from August to January. American football is different from international football, 17 Americans called soccer. Both games require 18 and specialized skills. Professional players are very 19 . The most famous players 20 millions of dollars for their playing skills. American best players have higher salaries than the country’s president. 11.A.Every B.Both C.Each D.All 12.A.million B.millions C.million of D.millions of 13.A.when B.where C.who D.whose 14.A.follow B.walk C.run D.jump 15.A.played B.is played C.plays D.are played 16.A.during B.while C.on D.at 17.A.when B.that C.where D.which 18.A.strong B.strength C.strengthen D.stronger 19.A.well pay B.good pay C.well paid D.good paid 20.A.make B.had C.got D.received 【答案】 11.C 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.D 16.A 17.D 18.B 19.C 20.A 【导语】本文主要介绍了职业运动在美国很受欢迎,最流行的运动是篮球、橄榄球和棒球。 11.句意:每个球队都有自己的赛季和数以百万计的支持者。 Every每个;Both两者都;Each三者或以上的个体的每个;All全都。根据“…has its own season and…supporters.”可知,此处指代前文的三种运动,强调每个运动都有自己的赛季和支持者。every不能作主语,both,each,all均能作句子的主语,但只有each表示单数意义。故选C。 12.句意:每个球队都有自己的赛季和数以百万计的支持者。 million百万;millions复数形式;million of语法错误;millions of数以百万计的。根据“…has its own season and…supporters.”可知,此处表示数百万支持者,固定短语为millions of“数以百万计的”,用于表示概数。故选D。 13.句意:职业球队以他们所在的城市命名。 when什么时候;where在哪里;who谁;whose谁的。根据“Professional teams are named for the cities…they are located.”可知,此处表示球队所在的地方,应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选B。 14.句意:当一支球队参加冠军赛时,这个城市的大多数人都带着兴趣和热情观看比赛。 follow密切关注;walk走;run跑;jump跳。根据“When a team plays in a championship game, most people in the city…the game with interest and enthusiasm.”可知,上下文指人们以兴趣和热情密切关注着比赛。故选A。 15.句意:美国的职业篮球比赛在冬季的几个月里在室内进行。 played玩,过去式;is played一般现在时的被动语态,主语为单数;plays三单形式;are played一般现在时的被动语态,主语为复数。根据“Professional basketball games in the US…indoors during winter months.”可知,此处是指职业篮球在室内进行,主语与动词play为被动关系,且主语为复数,be动词应用are。故选D。 16.句意:它是在八月到一月的秋季的星期天进行的。 during在……期间;while当……时候;on在上面;at在。根据“It is played on Sundays…the fall from August to January.”可知,此处表示在秋季期间。故选A。 17.句意:美式足球不同于国际足球,美国人称之为soccer。 when什么时候;that引导从句无实义;where哪里;which哪一个。根据“American football is different from international football,…Americans called soccer.”可知,此处为非限制性定语从句,且先行词为物,在从句中作宾语,应用关系代词which引导。故选D。 18.句意:这两种游戏都需要力量和专业技能。 strong强壮的,形容词;strength力量,名词;strengthen加强,动词;stronger更强壮的,形容词。根据“Both games require…and specialized skills.”可知,此处表示力量和专业技能,与名词skills为并列关系,应用名词strength。故选B。 19.句意:职业球员的收入很高。 well pay错误搭配;good pay好的支付;well paid薪酬丰厚;good paid错误搭配。根据“Professional players are very….”可知,描述职业球员薪酬丰厚,为固定表达well paid。故选C。 20.句意:最著名的球员因他们的球技而赚了数百万美元。 make制造;had拥有;got获得;received收到。根据“The most famous players…millions of dollars for their playing skill.”可知,球员通过技能获得收入,常用make money表示“挣钱”。故选A。 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Music is an important part of my life. In my opinion, nothing brings me 21 (great) pleasure than enjoying music. I love listening to music 22 my spare time. Most people know that music can improve 23 (we) health. For example, it helps people relax after a long day of work. Music is always there when I need it. When I feel down, it helps me get through the 24 (sad). When I’m stressed, it 25 (wash) away my worries. When I feel lonely, it makes me feel like I have 26 friend beside me. When I want 27 (be) quiet, I wear my earphones and listen to my favorite songs. It helps me to shut 28 the noisy world around me. For me, music is not just sound—it’s a special language 29 connects my heart with the world. Music is very important to my life. I think without music, my life would be less colorful and 30 (interest). I enjoy different kinds of music, but I prefer songs with 31 (meaning) lyrics that reflect human feelings. These lyrics are 32 (wide) used to encourage people and remind them to keep going. The songs 33 (teach) me many useful things so far. Day by day, they make me a better person. Of course, there’s no need to stick to a certain kind of music. All 34 (kind) of music, from rock to classical, have a special power. They 35 (know) for making people happy and lifting their mood. Besides lifting mood, it is also a powerful way to bring people together in celebration. 21.____________ 22.____________ 23.____________ 24.____________ 25.____________ 26.____________ 27.____________ 28.____________ 29.____________ 30.____________ 31.____________ 32.____________ 33.____________ 34.____________ 35.____________ 【答案】 21.greater 22.in 23.our 24.sadness 25.washes 26.a 27.to be 28.off 29.that/ which 30.interesting 31.meaningful 32.widely 33.have taught 34.kinds 35.are known 【导语】本文主要介绍了音乐在作者生活中的重要性,以及音乐对情绪、健康的积极影响和不同音乐的力量。 21.句意:在我看来,没有什么比享受音乐能给我带来更大的快乐了。句中出现了than,是比较级的标志,great的比较级形式为greater。故填greater。 22.句意:我喜欢在空闲时间听音乐。in one’s spare time是固定短语,意为 “在某人的空闲时间”。故填in。 23.句意:大多数人都知道音乐可以改善我们的健康。此处修饰名词health,需要用形容词性物主代词,we的形容词性物主代词是our,表示 “我们的健康”。故填our。 24.句意:当我情绪低落时,它帮助我度过悲伤的时刻。定冠词the后需要接名词,sad的名词形式是sadness,意为 “悲伤”。故填sadness。 25.句意:当我有压力时,它冲走我的烦恼。主语it是第三人称单数,句子时态为一般现在时,因此动词wash需要用第三人称单数形式washes。故填washes。 26.句意:当我感到孤独时,它让我觉得身边有一个朋友。friend是可数名词单数,此处表示 “一个朋友”,用不定冠词a。故填a。 27.句意:当我想安静下来时,我戴上耳机听我最喜欢的歌曲。want to do sth.是固定结构,意为 “想要做某事”,因此be动词用不定式形式to be。故填 to be。 28.句意:它帮助我隔绝周围嘈杂的世界。shut off是固定短语,意为 “隔离、隔绝”,此处指 “隔绝嘈杂的世界”。故填off。 29.句意:对我来说,音乐不仅仅是声音 —— 它是一种特殊的语言,将我的心与世界连接起来。先行词a special language指物,关系词在从句中作主语,因此用that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 30.句意:我认为没有音乐,我的生活会少一些色彩和趣味。and连接并列成分,colorful是形容词,此处修饰life,用形容词interesting,表示 “有趣的”。故填interesting。 31.句意:我喜欢不同种类的音乐,但我更喜欢有能反映人类情感的有意义歌词的歌曲。修饰名词lyrics需要用形容词,meaning的形容词形式是meaningful,意为 “有意义的”。故填meaningful。 32.句意:这些歌词被广泛用于鼓励人们,提醒他们坚持下去。修饰动词used需要用副词,wide的副词形式是widely,意为 “广泛地”。故填widely。 33.句意:到目前为止,这些歌曲已经教会了我很多有用的东西。so far是现在完成时的标志,主语The songs是复数,因此用have taught。故填have taught。 34.句意:所有种类的音乐,从摇滚到古典,都有一种特殊的力量。all kinds of是固定短语,意为 “各种各样的”,kind需要用复数形式kinds。故填kinds。 35.句意:它们因能让人快乐、振奋情绪而闻名。be known for是固定短语,意为 “因……而闻名”,主语They是复数,时态为一般现在时,因此用are known。故填are known。 四、补全对话 根据下面的对话情景,在空白处填入一个适当的句子,使对话的意思连贯、完整。 (Two students, Mary and Tony, are talking with each other outside a science fair.) Mary: How do you like the science fair? Tony: 36.__________________________________________ So many inventions are shown in it. Mary: What do you think is the most interesting one? Tony: I think the 3D printer is the most interesting. It is said that it could even print some difficult models. Mary:37.__________________________________________ Tony: It was invented by Liang Jian and Zheng Zhiwei. Mary: 38.__________________________________________ Tony: The fair will last for five days. If you are free today, you should take a look. I’m sure you will learn a lot. Mary: What’s your plan for the future after seeing these inventions? Tony: 39.__________________________________________ There are so many things that can be explored in science. Mary: That’s wonderful. 40.__________________________________________ Tony: Thank you very much. 【答案】 36.It’s wonderful! 37.Who invented it? 38.How long will the fair last? 39.I want to be a scientist in the future. 40.I hope your dream will come true! 【解析】36.根据上文“How do you like the science fair?”(你觉得这个科技展怎么样?)和答语后句“So many inventions are shown in it.”(里面展示了好多发明),可知此处是对科技展的正面评价,故填It’s wonderful! 37.根据答语“It was invented by Liang Jian and Zheng Zhiwei.”(它是梁健和郑志伟发明的),可知此处询问3D打印机的发明者,故填Who invented it? 38.根据答语“The fair will last for five days.”(这个展会会持续五天),可知此处询问展会的时长,故填How long will the fair last? 39.根据上文“What’s your plan for the future after seeing these inventions?”(看了这些发明后,你未来的计划是什么?)和后句“There are so many things that can be explored in science.”(科学领域有好多可以探索的东西),可知此处是关于未来从事科学相关的计划,故填I want to be a scientist in the future. 40.根据答语“Thank you very much.”(非常感谢),可知此处是对Tony的计划表示祝福,故填I hope your dream will come true! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司2/18 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题01 动词时态和语态(复习讲义)(河北专用)2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测
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专题01 动词时态和语态(复习讲义)(河北专用)2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测
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