专题06 阅读表达（专题专练）（天津专用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题06 阅读表达 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 题型01 阅读表达综合练（细节理解与归纳） 题型02 阅读表达综合练（词义猜测与句意理解） 题型03 阅读表达综合练（主旨概括与开放性设问） B组·抢分能力练 题型03重难创新练（跨题型融合·语法填空+阅读表达） 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 1．【考查细节归纳与词义猜测】 What does the underlined word "ferocious" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? (1 word) 2．【社会生活类】 Why did the author and her mom receive some thank-you notes? (no more than 10 words) 3．【人物故事类】 What do you think of the young activist Villaseor? Please explain. (no more than 20 words) 01阅读表达综合练（细节理解与归纳） Passage 1 （2025·天津和平区一模改编）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 I still remember the first time I volunteered at an animal shelter. I was 16, looking for a way to spend my summer break. I expected it to be a simple job of cleaning cages and feeding animals. What I didn't expect was how profoundly it would change me. The first dog I met was a timid, older beagle named Max. He had been abandoned and would spend most of his day in the corner of his kennel, refusing to interact. Day after day, I would sit by his kennel, speaking to him in a soft voice. For weeks, there was no response. Then, one afternoon, he slowly walked over and rested his head on my hand. In that moment, I learned a powerful lesson about patience and trust. It wasn't about grand gestures; it was about showing up consistently. By the end of the summer, Max was one of the first dogs to greet visitors, a testament to the healing power of simple, steady kindness. That experience shaped my decision to pursue a career in veterinary medicine. 1．What did the author initially expect from the volunteer job? (no more than 10 words) 2．How did Max behave when the author first met him? (no more than 10 words) 3．What important lesson did the author learn from Max? (no more than 10 words) Passage 2 （2024天津市河西区高三下学期二模） 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 I used to hate old books. When I say “old books”, I don’t mean classics, though. I mean books with yellow pages, broken spines (书脊) and odd wood-like smells that you need to be careful not to break because they are already so worn down. One can assume that I didn’t own many old books. I had a few here and there that my parents had gifted me, but nothing too special. In fourth grade, I was ready to venture into a new world of reading, one that went beyond the likes of children’s chapter books and juvenile (青少年的) topics. Just then, I found my parents’ old copies of the entire Harry Potter book series. Visually, my parents’ books were my worst nightmare. I remember thinking to myself that reading these books was out of the question. However, I eventually had to come to terms with the fact that if I wanted to read the books, I would have to read my parents’ copies. And so began the terrible journey of reading seven old books. When it was time for me to read the final copy, I was kind of a changed woman. I still strongly disliked old books, but the plot of the entire Harry Potter series had attracted me so much that I had almost entirely forgotten what the books looked like. By the end, I had devoted an entire shelf in my room to the Harry Potter books. Now, I love old books. I love how the covers are sometimes so worn down that you can barely read the title of the book, but you can understand what it’s about anyway. After all, an old book is a representation of generations of readers who have chosen to live in a specific fictional world because the story it contains is just that good. Old books have meaning, and I love how much they mean to me now. 1.Who did the old copies of the entire Harry Potter book series belong to?(no more than 5words) 2.How did the author like the plot of the entire Harry Potter series?(no more than 5 words) 3.What does the author mainly talk about in the last paragraph?(no more than 10 words) 02阅读表达综合练（词义猜测与句意理解） Passage 1 （2025·天津河西区二模改编）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 The concept of a "gap year" — a break taken by students between high school and university — is common in the UK and Australia, but is less familiar to many Americans. Proponents argue that it's not a year off, but a year on. It's a chance for young people to step outside the academic bubble and gain real-world experience. They might travel, volunteer, work, or pursue a passion project. This experience, they say, fosters maturity, independence, and a clearer sense of purpose. Students often return from their gap year more focused and motivated, with a better understanding of what they want to study. Critics, however, worry that some students might lose academic momentum and decide not to attend university at all. They also point to the financial burden that such a year can impose on families. Despite the debate, the popularity of gap years is slowly growing in the US, as more students and parents recognize the potential long-term benefits of a brief pause before the intense journey of higher education. 1．What does the underlined phrase "a year on" in Paragraph 1 mean? (no more than 5 words) 2．How do you understand the sentence "It's a chance for young people to step outside the academic bubble..." in Paragraph 1? (no more than 15 words) Passage 2 （2025·天津市九校高三下学期二模）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 If your goal is to be happier in the year ahead, you might focus on your body rather than your mind. You can start right now by sitting up a little straighter. Then give a brief smile-even a fake one. These tweaks will tell your brain that something good is about to happen and you’re more likely to feel positive. Sound unlikely? In research led by cognitive scientist John Bargh at Yale, people who held a cup of warm coffee before an interview were more likely to find an individual warm and kind. Happiness isn’t exclusively a conscious decision. Very often our bodies send signals about how we feel and our conscious brains are simply responding rather than controlling. Feeling happier may start with going outside since research shows that being around water-including lakes, streams and ponds-improves well-being more dramatically than almost anything else. When everything is familiar, our brains go into a kind of holding pattern. Any new sensory input will inspire your brain to wake up-which brings its own kind of pleasure. In one 2013 study, researchers found that having variety in a daily routine and visiting places people had never been simply made them feel happier. Body reacts faster than mind. In a baseball game, when a pitcher throws a ball at 100 miles per hour, it takes about four-tenths of a second to get to the batter. Conscious awareness takes about half a second-which means that the ball crosses the plate before the batter quite literally “knows” it. If the body functioned only with conscious input, nobody would ever hit a baseball. You don’t have to wait for events to make you happy-you can always look for the good. If you make your body a partner in the effort, you’re even more likely to optimize your happiness. Hold that warm coffee, spend time by the water, or go for a walk in the sunshine. Your body will send the message that all is well-and your brain just might start believing it. 1.What does the underlined word in the last paragraph mean? (one word) 2.What would you do to make you happy after learning this passage and why? (no more than 20 words) 03阅读表达综合练（主旨概括与开放性设问） Passage1 （2025·天津南开区一模改编）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 My grandfather was a storyteller. Every summer, my cousins and I would gather around him on the porch, and he would spin tales of his youth, of adventures in faraway lands, and of the quirky characters he had met along the way. His stories were more than just entertainment; they were a window into a different time and a different world. They sparked our imaginations and taught us valuable lessons about life, love, and loss without ever sounding like a lecture. Now, as an adult, I find myself passing on his stories to my own children, keeping his voice and his spirit alive. 1．What is the main idea of this passage? (no more than 10 words) 2．What do you think is the most valuable thing the author gained from his grandfather's stories? Please explain. (no more than 20 words) Passage2 （2024·天津市河北区高三下学期二模）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 James Warren, a frequent public bus rider in Denver, noticed a significant problem: many bus stops lacked seating. Particularly on a cold morning in January, Warren observed a woman waiting for a bus, with no seating available at the stop and no sidewalk, forcing her to sit in the dirt. Motivated by this sight, Warren took scrap (废料；废品) wood from construction waste bins and set out to construct a bench. This singular act of kindness evolved into a larger mission when he realized that one bench was far from enough. In the Denver metro area alone, there are more than 9, 000 bus stops, many of which lack seating or shelter. To add a personal touch and spread a message of compassion, he carved “Be kind” into each bench, symbolizing the spirit of the project. Warren’s initiative resonated with the community, especially among those who benefited daily from the benches. “I met some ladies the other day who talked about how they used the benches every day. It fills me up. It’s air in my tires.” Warren recalled. His enthusiasm increased as more people joined his bench-making efforts. “I’ve had a lot of people reach out to me on Twitter,” he mentioned. “Some people have wanted to come and help me.” Inspired by Warren’s work, others in the local news audience decided to contribute as well, with many donating supplies. “That puts me over the moon,” Warren expressed. Nica Cave, a 26-year-old mobility advocate (改善交通运输系统的倡导者) from Denver, emphasized the wider impact of the initiative. “The absence of proper infrastructure, shelter, and seating at transit stops, such as bus stops and train stations, disadvantages those who rely on public transportation. People like Warren are encouraging, showing how individuals are willing to use their own time and resources to provide these much-needed services.” Warren envisions extending his project beyond simply providing benches. He plans to create a bench-building workshop to foster community engagement and support. His ultimate goal is to enhance the quality of life in his community and inspire similar actions elsewhere, emphasizing that small acts of kindness and effort can load to significant improvements in daily experiences. 1．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? (no more than 10 words) 2．What can you learn from the story? Please explain in your own words. (no more than 20 words) Passage 1 （2025·天津市河西区 ）天津市河西区Which of these ingredients have you cooked with or eaten, wild rice, rabbits or roses? Actually, they were part of Native American cuisine in the past. Sean Sherman is a chef from the Oglala Lakota tribe, who is attempting something remarkable. Through his company and his restaurant, Sherman is bringing these ingredients back into the public eye. Sean Sherman grew up on the Pine Ridge Reservation. As a reservation kid, Sherman usually didn’t have access to high-quality or tasty food. His family relied on the Commodity Supplemental Food Program, which meant canned goods, tasteless food, and powdered milk. After high school, Sherman started working for the Forest Service. As part of his job, he had to learn the names of the plants, which raised his curiosity about indigenous plants and foods. Sherman started doing lots of research on his own, and he started his company in 2014. A few years later, Sherman opened his restaurant Owamni, where he showed native ingredients and flavors. The most significant feature of the restaurant is the native ingredients, none of which is related to European civilizations. The vibe in the restaurant is totally unique as well. There, a lot of people are really struck by it, because it’s not typical to be able to go someplace and see their native foods on the menu, see native people cooking the food and listen to native music. Therefore, it’s a completely unique experience and it’s something that’s really special. Native cuisine allows native people to explore their histories and cultures. It supports local businesses and comes with a host of health benefits. “We should have native restaurants in every city to show the diversity and flavors of all the different tribes across North America and thus have a future where native cuisine is more widespread, and ingredients are more familiar and well known,” Sherman explains. 1．When did Sean Sherman become interested in native foods? (no more than 8 words) 2．What is the most important feature of Sherman’s restaurant? (no more than 6 words) 3．What does the underlined word “vibe” in Paragraph 4 mean? (1 word) 4．Why does Sherman suggest each city should have native restaurants? (no more than 8 words) 5．What can you learn from the story? Put it in your own words. (no more than 25 words) Passage 2 （2025·天津市耀华中学英语高三下学期第二次校模拟）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 This is a story of a modern school — Summerhill. Summerhill began as an experimental school. It is no longer such; it is now a demonstration school, for it demonstrates that freedom works. When my wife and I began the school, we had one main philosophy: to make the school fit the child — instead of making the child fit the school. Obviously, a school that makes active children sit at desks studying mostly useless subjects is a bad school. It is a good school only for those who believe in such a school, for those uncreative citizens who want obedient, uncreative children who will fit into a civilization whose standard of success is fame and fortune. I had taught in ordinary schools for many years. I knew the other way well. I knew it was all wrong. It was wrong because it was based on an adult conception of what a child should be and of how a child should learn. Well, we set out to make a school in which we should allow children the freedom to be themselves. In order to do this, we had to abandon all disciplines, all directions, all suggestions, all moral training, and all religious instructions. We have been called brave, but it did not require courage. All it required was what we had — a complete belief in the child as a good, not an evil, being. My view is that a child is born wise and realistic. If left to himself without adult suggestions of any kind, he will develop as far as he is capable of developing. Logically, Summerhill is a place in which people who have the inherent ability and wish to be scholars will be scholars; while those who are only fit to sweep the streets will sweep the streets. But we have not produced a street cleaner so far. Nor do I write this snobbishly (势利的), for I would rather see a school produce a happy street cleaner than an anxious scholar. 1．Why is Summerhill regarded as “a demonstration school”? (no more than 10 words) 2．Why did Summerhill abandon all disciplines and moral training? (no more than 8 words) 3．How does the author view children’s nature according to the text? (no more than 12 words) 4．What does the underlined word mean in the last paragraph? (1 word) 5．Do you agree with Summerhill’s approach? Give one reason. (no more than 20 words) Passage 1 （2022·天津卷·阅读表达真题 ）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 It was a dark and stormy night. The ferocious wind shook the windows wildly, as though someone outside were beating on the glass. It was also New Year's Eve. We were having our annual party and had a house full of people just starting to celebrate. Suddenly, we heard loud explosions. Looking outside and up into the hills, we saw sparks（火花） flying from electrical transformers（变压器）. One area after another went dark up in those hills. Then there was the loudest explosion of them all and our house went dark too. I tried to find every candle we had and lit them. The candles made everything look lovely. But we had problems. We had fifteen people standing around and we still had to cook dinner. How would we do that without electricity？ The barbecue！Why not cook on the barbecue？We men went outside, some holding flashlights and others cooking. We did a wonderful job. The women stayed inside and got the salads ready. Everything was delicious. There were still a few hours to go before the beginning of the new year, so we all sat around the dining room table and sang up until a few minutes before midnight. We couldn't watch the ball drop in Times Square on television but that wouldn't stop us from celebrating. I stood on a chair and, with the help of someone's watch to tell us the time, we all counted down and I dropped a tennis ball！We all screamed Happy New Year. We didn't need electricity for that！ Nowadays, we still get together with the same group to celebrate the New Year and we still talk about that special night. I don't think we have ever laughed so much as we did on that New Year's Eve. 1．What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 1？ （1 word） 2．What made dinner preparation difficult according to Paragraph 2？ （no more than 6 words） 3．How did the people celebrate on New Year's Eve according to the passage？ （no more than 10 words） 4．How does the author feel about that particular New Year's Eve？ （no more than 8 words） 5．What do you think is the most necessary quality when dealing with an unexpected difficult situation？Please explain why. （no more than 25 words） Passage 2 （2015·天津卷·阅读表达真题 ）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Six days a week, up and down the red hills of northeast Georgia, my grandfather brought the mail to the folks there. At age 68, he retired from the post office, but he never stopped serving the community. On his 80th birthday, I sent him a letter, noting the things we all should be thankful for — good health, good friends and good outcomes. By most measurements he was a happy man. Then I suggested it was time for him to slow down. At long last, in a comfortable home, with a generous pension, he should learn to take things easy. “Thank you for your nice words,” he wrote in his letter back, “and I know what you meant, but slowing down scares me. Life isn’t having it made; it’s getting it made.” “The finest and happiest years of our lives were not when all the debts were paid, and all difficult experiences had passed, and we had settled into a comfortable home. No. I go back years ago, when we lived in a three-room house, when we got up before daylight and worked till after dark to make ends meet. I rarely had more than four hours of sleep. But what I still can’t figure out is why I never got tired, never felt better in my life. I guess the answer is, we were fighting for survival, protecting and providing for those we loved. What matters are not the great moments, but the partial victories, the waiting, and even the defeats. It’s the journey, not the arrival, that counts.” The letter ended with a personal request: “Boy, on my next birthday, just tell me to wake up and get going, because I will have one less year to do things — and there are ten million things waiting to be done.” Christina Rossetti, an English poet, once said: “Does the road wind uphill all the way? Yes, to the very end.” Today, at 96, my grandfather is still on that long road, climbing. 1．What was the author’s grandfather before he retired? (no more than 5 words) 2．What did the author advise his grandfather to do in his letter? (no more than 10 words) 3．What is the grandfather’s view on life according to his letter back? (no more than 10 words) 4．How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (no more than 10 words) 5．Do you agree with the grandfather’s view on life? Give reasons in your own words. (no more than 20 words) 10 / 11 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 阅读表达 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 题型01 阅读表达综合练（细节理解与归纳） 题型02 阅读表达综合练（词义猜测与句意理解） 题型03 阅读表达综合练（主旨概括与开放性设问） B组·抢分能力练 题型03重难创新练（跨题型融合·语法填空+阅读表达） 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 1．【考查细节归纳与词义猜测】 What does the underlined word "ferocious" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? (1 word) 【答案】Fierce / Violent 【解析】考查词义猜测。根据上下文 "It was a dark and stormy night. The ferocious wind shook the windows wildly..." 描述的是一个暴风雨的夜晚，风猛烈地摇晃着窗户。由此可以推断，"ferocious" 在这里的意思是“猛烈的、凶猛的”，故填 Fierce 或 Violent。 2．【社会生活类】 Why did the author and her mom receive some thank-you notes? (no more than 10 words) 【答案】Because they sent crocheted flowers to friends and cancer patients. 【解析】考查细节理解。根据文章内容，作者和母亲钩织了许多花，并把它们送给了朋友和癌症患者。因此，他们收到感谢信是因为他们送出了自己亲手钩织的礼物。注意字数限制。 3．【人物故事类】 What do you think of the young activist Villaseor? Please explain. (no more than 20 words) 【答案】She is responsible and courageous. She bravely protested for climate education and inspired millions. 【解析】考查开放性设问。根据文章描述，Villaseor 为了呼吁气候教育，在联合国总部外抗议了一年，并引发了全球性的运动。这体现了她强烈的责任感和巨大的勇气。答案需结合文章内容，言之成理。 01阅读表达综合练（细节理解与归纳） Passage 1 （2025·天津和平区一模改编）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 I still remember the first time I volunteered at an animal shelter. I was 16, looking for a way to spend my summer break. I expected it to be a simple job of cleaning cages and feeding animals. What I didn't expect was how profoundly it would change me. The first dog I met was a timid, older beagle named Max. He had been abandoned and would spend most of his day in the corner of his kennel, refusing to interact. Day after day, I would sit by his kennel, speaking to him in a soft voice. For weeks, there was no response. Then, one afternoon, he slowly walked over and rested his head on my hand. In that moment, I learned a powerful lesson about patience and trust. It wasn't about grand gestures; it was about showing up consistently. By the end of the summer, Max was one of the first dogs to greet visitors, a testament to the healing power of simple, steady kindness. That experience shaped my decision to pursue a career in veterinary medicine. 1．What did the author initially expect from the volunteer job? (no more than 10 words) 2．How did Max behave when the author first met him? (no more than 10 words) 3．What important lesson did the author learn from Max? (no more than 10 words) 【答案】 1．A simple job of cleaning cages and feeding animals. 2．He was timid and refused to interact./ He stayed in the corner, refusing to interact. 3．The importance of patience and trust./Patience and consistent kindness can heal. 【解析】 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段 "I expected it to be a simple job of cleaning cages and feeding animals." 可知，作者最初认为这只是一份简单的工作。 2．考查细节理解。根据第一段 "The first dog I met was a timid, older beagle named Max. ... would spend most of his day in the corner of his kennel, refusing to interact." 可知，Max 起初胆小且不与人互动。 3．考查主旨归纳。根据第一段 "I learned a powerful lesson about patience and trust." 以及后文描述，可知作者从Max身上学到了耐心和信任的重要性。 Passage 2 （2024天津市河西区高三下学期二模） 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 I used to hate old books. When I say “old books”, I don’t mean classics, though. I mean books with yellow pages, broken spines (书脊) and odd wood-like smells that you need to be careful not to break because they are already so worn down. One can assume that I didn’t own many old books. I had a few here and there that my parents had gifted me, but nothing too special. In fourth grade, I was ready to venture into a new world of reading, one that went beyond the likes of children’s chapter books and juvenile (青少年的) topics. Just then, I found my parents’ old copies of the entire Harry Potter book series. Visually, my parents’ books were my worst nightmare. I remember thinking to myself that reading these books was out of the question. However, I eventually had to come to terms with the fact that if I wanted to read the books, I would have to read my parents’ copies. And so began the terrible journey of reading seven old books. When it was time for me to read the final copy, I was kind of a changed woman. I still strongly disliked old books, but the plot of the entire Harry Potter series had attracted me so much that I had almost entirely forgotten what the books looked like. By the end, I had devoted an entire shelf in my room to the Harry Potter books. Now, I love old books. I love how the covers are sometimes so worn down that you can barely read the title of the book, but you can understand what it’s about anyway. After all, an old book is a representation of generations of readers who have chosen to live in a specific fictional world because the story it contains is just that good. Old books have meaning, and I love how much they mean to me now. 1.Who did the old copies of the entire Harry Potter book series belong to?(no more than 5words) 2.How did the author like the plot of the entire Harry Potter series?(no more than 5 words) 3.What does the author mainly talk about in the last paragraph?(no more than 10 words) 【答案】1.The author’s parents. 2.It attracted her very much. 3.She loves old books now. 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者对旧书的态度从讨厌到喜欢的转变过程。 1.考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中“I found my parents’ old copies of the entire Harry Potter book series.（我找到了父母的旧版《哈利·波特》系列丛书。）”可知，旧版《哈利·波特》系列丛书是作者父母的。故答案为 The author's parents. 2.考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中“I still strongly disliked old books, but the plot of the entire Harry Potter series had attracted me so much that I had almost entirely forgotten what the books looked like.（我仍然非常讨厌旧书，但整个《哈利·波特》系列的情节如此吸引我，以至于我几乎完全忘记了这些书的样子。）”可知，作者认为《哈利·波特》系列的情节非常吸引人。故答案为 It attracted her very much. 3.考查主旨大意。根据文章最后一段“Now, I love old books. I love how the covers are sometimes so worn down that you can barely read the title of the book, but you can understand what it's about anyway. After all, an old book is a representation of generations of readers who have chosen to live in a specific fictional world because the story it contains is just that good. Old books have meaning, and I love how much they mean to me now.（现在，我喜欢旧书。我喜欢书的封面有时磨损得很厉害，你几乎看不清书名，但你无论如何都能理解它的内容。毕竟，一本旧书代表了一代又一代的读者，他们选择生活在一个特定的虚构世界里，因为书中的故事就是那么好。旧书是有意义的，我喜欢它们现在对我的意义。）”可知，最后一段主要讲述了作者现在喜欢旧书。故答案为 She loves old books now. 02阅读表达综合练（词义猜测与句意理解） Passage 1 （2025·天津河西区二模改编）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 The concept of a "gap year" — a break taken by students between high school and university — is common in the UK and Australia, but is less familiar to many Americans. Proponents argue that it's not a year off, but a year on. It's a chance for young people to step outside the academic bubble and gain real-world experience. They might travel, volunteer, work, or pursue a passion project. This experience, they say, fosters maturity, independence, and a clearer sense of purpose. Students often return from their gap year more focused and motivated, with a better understanding of what they want to study. Critics, however, worry that some students might lose academic momentum and decide not to attend university at all. They also point to the financial burden that such a year can impose on families. Despite the debate, the popularity of gap years is slowly growing in the US, as more students and parents recognize the potential long-term benefits of a brief pause before the intense journey of higher education. 1．What does the underlined phrase "a year on" in Paragraph 1 mean? (no more than 5 words) 2．How do you understand the sentence "It's a chance for young people to step outside the academic bubble..." in Paragraph 1? (no more than 15 words) 【答案】 1．A productive/meaningful year. 2．It means to leave the protected school environment and experience the real world. 【解析】 1．考查词义猜测。根据上下文，支持者认为间隔年不是“a year off”（荒废的一年），而是“a year on”，后面解释了在这一年里年轻人可以获得现实世界经验，变得更加成熟独立。因此，这个词组意指“有意义、有收获的一年”。 2．考查句意理解。"academic bubble" 指的是相对封闭、受保护的学术环境或校园环境。“step outside” 即走出这个环境，去接触和体验更广阔、更复杂的真实世界。 Passage 2 （2025·天津市九校高三下学期二模）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 If your goal is to be happier in the year ahead, you might focus on your body rather than your mind. You can start right now by sitting up a little straighter. Then give a brief smile-even a fake one. These tweaks will tell your brain that something good is about to happen and you’re more likely to feel positive. Sound unlikely? In research led by cognitive scientist John Bargh at Yale, people who held a cup of warm coffee before an interview were more likely to find an individual warm and kind. Happiness isn’t exclusively a conscious decision. Very often our bodies send signals about how we feel and our conscious brains are simply responding rather than controlling. Feeling happier may start with going outside since research shows that being around water-including lakes, streams and ponds-improves well-being more dramatically than almost anything else. When everything is familiar, our brains go into a kind of holding pattern. Any new sensory input will inspire your brain to wake up-which brings its own kind of pleasure. In one 2013 study, researchers found that having variety in a daily routine and visiting places people had never been simply made them feel happier. Body reacts faster than mind. In a baseball game, when a pitcher throws a ball at 100 miles per hour, it takes about four-tenths of a second to get to the batter. Conscious awareness takes about half a second-which means that the ball crosses the plate before the batter quite literally “knows” it. If the body functioned only with conscious input, nobody would ever hit a baseball. You don’t have to wait for events to make you happy-you can always look for the good. If you make your body a partner in the effort, you’re even more likely to optimize your happiness. Hold that warm coffee, spend time by the water, or go for a walk in the sunshine. Your body will send the message that all is well-and your brain just might start believing it. 1.What does the underlined word in the last paragraph mean? (one word) 2.What would you do to make you happy after learning this passage and why? (no more than 20 words) 【答案】1.Improve. 2.I would always smile and spend more time outside in nature because it improves well-being and makes us happier. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过身体行为（如坐直、微笑、接触自然等）来提升幸福感的方法，强调身体反应先于大脑意识，改变日常习惯和环境能有效促进快乐。 1.考查词义猜测。根据划线词前文“If you make your body a partner in the effort, you’re even more likely to(如果你让你的身体成为你努力的伙伴，你甚至更有可能)”及后文“your happiness. Hold that warm coffee, spend time by the water, or go for a walk in the sunshine. Your body will send the message that all is well-and your brain just might start believing it.(你的幸福感。喝杯热咖啡，在水边呆一会儿，或者在阳光下散散步。你的身体会发出一切正常的信息，你的大脑可能会开始相信它)”可知，举例说让身体舒适会提升幸福感，由此推测，划线词意为“提升”。故答案填Improve. 2．考查归纳总结及表达。根据第一段“If your goal is to be happier in the year ahead, you might focus on your body rather than your mind. You can start right now by sitting up a little straighter. Then give a brief smile-even a fake one. These tweaks will tell your brain that something good is about to happen and you’re more likely to feel positive.(如果你的目标是在未来的一年里更快乐，你可能要关注你的身体而不是你的思想。你可以从现在开始坐直一点。然后给一个短暂的微笑——即使是假的。这些调整会告诉你的大脑，好事即将发生，你更有可能感到积极)”及最后一段“Hold that warm coffee, spend time by the water, or go for a walk in the sunshine. Your body will send the message that all is well-and your brain just might start believing it.(喝杯热咖啡，在水边呆一会儿，或者在阳光下散散步。你的身体会发出一切正常的信息，你的大脑可能会开始相信它)”可知，调整身体做一些好的动作，或做一些让身体舒适的事情会更快乐，例如去水边或树林里待着，阳光下散步，常常微笑等。故答案填I would always smile and spend more time outside in nature because it improves well-being and makes us happier. 03阅读表达综合练（主旨概括与开放性设问） Passage1 （2025·天津南开区一模改编）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 My grandfather was a storyteller. Every summer, my cousins and I would gather around him on the porch, and he would spin tales of his youth, of adventures in faraway lands, and of the quirky characters he had met along the way. His stories were more than just entertainment; they were a window into a different time and a different world. They sparked our imaginations and taught us valuable lessons about life, love, and loss without ever sounding like a lecture. Now, as an adult, I find myself passing on his stories to my own children, keeping his voice and his spirit alive. 1．What is the main idea of this passage? (no more than 10 words) 2．What do you think is the most valuable thing the author gained from his grandfather's stories? Please explain. (no more than 20 words) 【答案】 1．The author's grandfather's stories inspired and taught him. 2．Imagination and valuable life lessons. These stories shaped his character and are now cherished memories he passes on. 【解析】 1．考查主旨概括。文章主要讲述了祖父的故事对作者的深远影响，不仅激发了想象力，还传授了人生道理。因此，主旨可概括为“祖父的故事启发并教育了作者”。 2．考查开放性设问。根据文章内容，作者从故事中获得了想象力、人生道理，并且这些成为了他珍贵的家庭记忆，促使他将其传承下去。答案需基于文本，并给出合理解释。 Passage2 （2024·天津市河北区高三下学期二模）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 James Warren, a frequent public bus rider in Denver, noticed a significant problem: many bus stops lacked seating. Particularly on a cold morning in January, Warren observed a woman waiting for a bus, with no seating available at the stop and no sidewalk, forcing her to sit in the dirt. Motivated by this sight, Warren took scrap (废料；废品) wood from construction waste bins and set out to construct a bench. This singular act of kindness evolved into a larger mission when he realized that one bench was far from enough. In the Denver metro area alone, there are more than 9, 000 bus stops, many of which lack seating or shelter. To add a personal touch and spread a message of compassion, he carved “Be kind” into each bench, symbolizing the spirit of the project. Warren’s initiative resonated with the community, especially among those who benefited daily from the benches. “I met some ladies the other day who talked about how they used the benches every day. It fills me up. It’s air in my tires.” Warren recalled. His enthusiasm increased as more people joined his bench-making efforts. “I’ve had a lot of people reach out to me on Twitter,” he mentioned. “Some people have wanted to come and help me.” Inspired by Warren’s work, others in the local news audience decided to contribute as well, with many donating supplies. “That puts me over the moon,” Warren expressed. Nica Cave, a 26-year-old mobility advocate (改善交通运输系统的倡导者) from Denver, emphasized the wider impact of the initiative. “The absence of proper infrastructure, shelter, and seating at transit stops, such as bus stops and train stations, disadvantages those who rely on public transportation. People like Warren are encouraging, showing how individuals are willing to use their own time and resources to provide these much-needed services.” Warren envisions extending his project beyond simply providing benches. He plans to create a bench-building workshop to foster community engagement and support. His ultimate goal is to enhance the quality of life in his community and inspire similar actions elsewhere, emphasizing that small acts of kindness and effort can load to significant improvements in daily experiences. 1．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? (no more than 10 words) 2．What can you learn from the story? Please explain in your own words. (no more than 20 words) 【答案】1．Warren’s bench-building workshop to foster community engagement and support. 2．I learn from the story that small acts of kindness can make a big difference 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了沃伦为公交车站制作长椅以供人们出行使用的故事。 1．考查主旨大意题。根据最后一段“He plans to create a bench-building workshop to foster community engagement and support.”（ 他计划创建一个制作长椅的车间，以促进社区参与和支持。）可知，最后一段主要讨论了沃伦的制作板凳的车间，以促进社区参与和支持。故回答为：Warren’s bench-building workshop to foster community engagement and support. 2．考查开放性试题。从故事中我们学到小小的善举会产生巨大的影响。故回答为：I learn from the story that small acts of kindness can make a big difference. Passage 1 （2025·天津市河西区 ）天津市河西区Which of these ingredients have you cooked with or eaten, wild rice, rabbits or roses? Actually, they were part of Native American cuisine in the past. Sean Sherman is a chef from the Oglala Lakota tribe, who is attempting something remarkable. Through his company and his restaurant, Sherman is bringing these ingredients back into the public eye. Sean Sherman grew up on the Pine Ridge Reservation. As a reservation kid, Sherman usually didn’t have access to high-quality or tasty food. His family relied on the Commodity Supplemental Food Program, which meant canned goods, tasteless food, and powdered milk. After high school, Sherman started working for the Forest Service. As part of his job, he had to learn the names of the plants, which raised his curiosity about indigenous plants and foods. Sherman started doing lots of research on his own, and he started his company in 2014. A few years later, Sherman opened his restaurant Owamni, where he showed native ingredients and flavors. The most significant feature of the restaurant is the native ingredients, none of which is related to European civilizations. The vibe in the restaurant is totally unique as well. There, a lot of people are really struck by it, because it’s not typical to be able to go someplace and see their native foods on the menu, see native people cooking the food and listen to native music. Therefore, it’s a completely unique experience and it’s something that’s really special. Native cuisine allows native people to explore their histories and cultures. It supports local businesses and comes with a host of health benefits. “We should have native restaurants in every city to show the diversity and flavors of all the different tribes across North America and thus have a future where native cuisine is more widespread, and ingredients are more familiar and well known,” Sherman explains. 1．When did Sean Sherman become interested in native foods? (no more than 8 words) 2．What is the most important feature of Sherman’s restaurant? (no more than 6 words) 3．What does the underlined word “vibe” in Paragraph 4 mean? (1 word) 4．Why does Sherman suggest each city should have native restaurants? (no more than 8 words) 5．What can you learn from the story? Put it in your own words. (no more than 25 words) 【答案】1．When he was working for the Forest Service. 2．The ingredients used are native. 3．Atmosphere. 4．To present and promote the native cuisine. 5．Sherman is a chef who has innovative spirit and a sense of social responsibility to make more people know about the native cuisine. (该题答案不唯一) 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sean Sherman开办本土特色餐厅的故事。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“After high school, Sherman started working for the Forest Service. As part of his job, he had to learn the names of the plants, which raised his curiosity about indigenous plants and foods.(高中毕业后，Sherman开始为林务局工作。作为工作的一部分，他必须学习植物的名称，这引起了他对本地植物和食物的好奇心)”可知，Sean Sherman是在林务局工作时开始对本土食物感兴趣。故回答：When he was working for the Forest Service. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“The most significant feature of the restaurant is the native ingredients, none of which is related to European civilizations.(餐厅最显著的特点是本地食材，没有一种与欧洲文明有关)”可知，Sherman的餐厅最重要的特色是使用本地食材。故回答：The ingredients used are native. 3．考查词句猜测。根据划线词下文“There, a lot of people are really struck by it, because it’s not typical to be able to go someplace and see their native foods on the menu, see native people cooking the food and listen to native music.(在那里，很多人都被它打动了，因为去一个地方，在菜单上看到当地的食物，看到当地人做饭，听当地的音乐，这是不常见的)”可知，此处说的是餐厅的氛围。划线词vibe意为“氛围”，和atmosphere意思相近。故回答：Atmosphere. 4．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中“We should have native restaurants in every city to show the diversity and flavors of all the different tribes across North America and thus have a future where native cuisine is more widespread, and ingredients are more familiar and well known(我们应该在每个城市都有本土餐厅，以展示北美所有不同部落的多样性和口味，从而有一个本土美食更广泛传播的未来，食材也更熟悉、更广为人知)”可推知，Sherman建议每个城市都应该有本土餐厅，以展示和推广本地美食。故回答：To present and promote the native cuisine. 5．开放性问题。本文主要讲述了Sean Sherman开办本土特色餐厅，来展示和推广本地美食，所以我认为Sherman是一位具有创新精神和社会责任感的厨师，他想让更多的人了解本土美食。故回答：Sherman is a chef who has innovative spirit and a sense of social responsibility to make more people know about the native cuisine. Passage 2 （2025·天津市耀华中学英语高三下学期第二次校模拟）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 This is a story of a modern school — Summerhill. Summerhill began as an experimental school. It is no longer such; it is now a demonstration school, for it demonstrates that freedom works. When my wife and I began the school, we had one main philosophy: to make the school fit the child — instead of making the child fit the school. Obviously, a school that makes active children sit at desks studying mostly useless subjects is a bad school. It is a good school only for those who believe in such a school, for those uncreative citizens who want obedient, uncreative children who will fit into a civilization whose standard of success is fame and fortune. I had taught in ordinary schools for many years. I knew the other way well. I knew it was all wrong. It was wrong because it was based on an adult conception of what a child should be and of how a child should learn. Well, we set out to make a school in which we should allow children the freedom to be themselves. In order to do this, we had to abandon all disciplines, all directions, all suggestions, all moral training, and all religious instructions. We have been called brave, but it did not require courage. All it required was what we had — a complete belief in the child as a good, not an evil, being. My view is that a child is born wise and realistic. If left to himself without adult suggestions of any kind, he will develop as far as he is capable of developing. Logically, Summerhill is a place in which people who have the inherent ability and wish to be scholars will be scholars; while those who are only fit to sweep the streets will sweep the streets. But we have not produced a street cleaner so far. Nor do I write this snobbishly (势利的), for I would rather see a school produce a happy street cleaner than an anxious scholar. 1．Why is Summerhill regarded as “a demonstration school”? (no more than 10 words) 2．Why did Summerhill abandon all disciplines and moral training? (no more than 8 words) 3．How does the author view children’s nature according to the text? (no more than 12 words) 4．What does the underlined word mean in the last paragraph? (1 word) 5．Do you agree with Summerhill’s approach? Give one reason. (no more than 20 words) 【答案】1．(Because) it proves/ demonstrates freedom works (for the students) . 2．To allow children the freedom to develop naturally/ to be themselves. / To let children grow freely into their best selves. 8．Children are born wise, realistic, and capable of self-development. /Children are born wise, realistic, and capable of developing by themselves. /Children are born wise, realistic, and able to develop by themselves. 9．Natural. / Inborn. / Inbuilt. / Built-in. / Innate. 10．Yes, because it respects individuality and fosters creativity. /Yes, because it help children develop individuality, and encourages creativity and genuine learning. Or: No, because some children may need guidance to discover their potential. /No, because disciplines and directions are essential for some children to develop properly. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Summerhill（夏山学校）的办学理念和实践。 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“It is no longer such; it is now a demonstration school, for it demonstrates that freedom works.(如今它已不再是那样了；它现在已成为一所示范学校，因为它证明了自由是有效的)”可知，Summerhill被称为“示范学校”（因为）这证明了自由对学生们是有益的。故答案为(Because) it proves/ demonstrates freedom works (for the students). 2．考查细节理解。根据第四段中“Well, we set out to make a school in which we should allow children the freedom to be themselves. In order to do this, we had to abandon all disciplines, all directions, all suggestions, all moral training, and all religious instructions.(好吧，我们着手创办一所学校，在那里我们要允许孩子们自由地做自己。为了做到这一点，我们不得不摒弃所有的纪律、所有的指导、所有的建议、所有的道德训练以及所有的宗教教育)”可知，Summerhill摒弃了所有纪律和道德教育是为了允许孩子们自由地自然成长/让他们做自己。/ 让孩子们自由地成长为最好的自己。故答案为To allow children the freedom to develop naturally/ to be themselves./ To let children grow freely into their best selves. 3．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“My view is that a child is born wise and realistic. If left to himself without adult suggestions of any kind, he will develop as far as he is capable of developing. (我的观点是，孩子生来就聪明且务实。如果让他在没有任何成人干预的情况下自由成长，他就会按照自己的能力发展下去)”可知，作者认为孩子生来聪明、务实且能够自我发展。/ 孩子生来聪明、务实且能够自我成长。/ 孩子生来聪明、务实且能够通过自身发展。故答案为Children are born wise, realistic, and capable of self-development./Children are born wise, realistic, and capable of developing by themselves./Children are born wise, realistic, and able to develop by themselves. 4．考查词句猜测。根据划线词上文“If left to himself without adult suggestions of any kind, he will develop as far as he is capable of developing.(如果让他在没有任何成人干预的情况下自由成长，他就会按照自己的能力发展下去)”以及下文“ability and wish to be scholars will be scholars(有能力和愿望做学者就会成为学者)”可知，上文提到孩子可以按照自己的能力发展下去，说明成为学者是因为内在具有这样的能力。故划线词意思是“自然的/与生俱来的/内建的/内置的/内在的”故答案为Natural. / Inborn. / Inbuilt. / Built-in. / Innate. 5．考查开放题。题目要求回答“你是否赞同Summerhill的做法？请给出一个理由。”可回答：是的，因为它尊重个体差异并培养创造力。/ 是的，因为它帮助孩子们发展个性，并鼓励创造力和真正的学习。或者：不是，因为有些孩子可能需要指导来发现他们的潜力。/ 不是，因为对于某些孩子来说，纪律和方向对于正常发展是必不可少的。故答案为Yes, because it respects individuality and fosters creativity./Yes, because it help children develop individuality, and encourages creativity and genuine learning. Or: No, because some children may need guidance to discover their potential./No, because disciplines and directions are essential for some children to develop properly. Passage 1 （2022·天津卷·阅读表达真题 ）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 It was a dark and stormy night. The ferocious wind shook the windows wildly, as though someone outside were beating on the glass. It was also New Year's Eve. We were having our annual party and had a house full of people just starting to celebrate. Suddenly, we heard loud explosions. Looking outside and up into the hills, we saw sparks（火花） flying from electrical transformers（变压器）. One area after another went dark up in those hills. Then there was the loudest explosion of them all and our house went dark too. I tried to find every candle we had and lit them. The candles made everything look lovely. But we had problems. We had fifteen people standing around and we still had to cook dinner. How would we do that without electricity？ The barbecue！Why not cook on the barbecue？We men went outside, some holding flashlights and others cooking. We did a wonderful job. The women stayed inside and got the salads ready. Everything was delicious. There were still a few hours to go before the beginning of the new year, so we all sat around the dining room table and sang up until a few minutes before midnight. We couldn't watch the ball drop in Times Square on television but that wouldn't stop us from celebrating. I stood on a chair and, with the help of someone's watch to tell us the time, we all counted down and I dropped a tennis ball！We all screamed Happy New Year. We didn't need electricity for that！ Nowadays, we still get together with the same group to celebrate the New Year and we still talk about that special night. I don't think we have ever laughed so much as we did on that New Year's Eve. 1．What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 1？ （1 word） 2．What made dinner preparation difficult according to Paragraph 2？ （no more than 6 words） 3．How did the people celebrate on New Year's Eve according to the passage？ （no more than 10 words） 4．How does the author feel about that particular New Year's Eve？ （no more than 8 words） 5．What do you think is the most necessary quality when dealing with an unexpected difficult situation？Please explain why. （no more than 25 words） 【答案】 1．Fierce / Violent / Strong 2．The electricity / power was out. / No electricity / power. 3．They cooked on the barbecue, sang and dropped a tennis ball. 4．It was special / memorable / unforgettable. / He felt happy about it. 5．Calmness is the most necessary. Because only by staying calm can we think clearly and find solutions to the problem. 【解析】 1．考查词义猜测。根据第一段对暴风雨夜晚的描述，风猛烈地吹打着窗户，可推断 “ferocious” 意为“猛烈的”。 2．考查细节理解。第二段提到停电后，他们无法用电做饭，使得晚餐准备变得困难。 3．考查细节归纳。文章提到他们用烧烤架做饭、唱歌、用网球代替时代广场的大球进行倒计时。 4．考查观点态度。从最后一段 “we still talk about that special night” 和 “I don't think we have ever laughed so much” 可以看出作者觉得那个夜晚是特别且令人愉快的。 5．考查开放性设问。答案不唯一，但需结合情境，自圆其说。 Passage 2 （2015·天津卷·阅读表达真题 ）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Six days a week, up and down the red hills of northeast Georgia, my grandfather brought the mail to the folks there. At age 68, he retired from the post office, but he never stopped serving the community. On his 80th birthday, I sent him a letter, noting the things we all should be thankful for — good health, good friends and good outcomes. By most measurements he was a happy man. Then I suggested it was time for him to slow down. At long last, in a comfortable home, with a generous pension, he should learn to take things easy. “Thank you for your nice words,” he wrote in his letter back, “and I know what you meant, but slowing down scares me. Life isn’t having it made; it’s getting it made.” “The finest and happiest years of our lives were not when all the debts were paid, and all difficult experiences had passed, and we had settled into a comfortable home. No. I go back years ago, when we lived in a three-room house, when we got up before daylight and worked till after dark to make ends meet. I rarely had more than four hours of sleep. But what I still can’t figure out is why I never got tired, never felt better in my life. I guess the answer is, we were fighting for survival, protecting and providing for those we loved. What matters are not the great moments, but the partial victories, the waiting, and even the defeats. It’s the journey, not the arrival, that counts.” The letter ended with a personal request: “Boy, on my next birthday, just tell me to wake up and get going, because I will have one less year to do things — and there are ten million things waiting to be done.” Christina Rossetti, an English poet, once said: “Does the road wind uphill all the way? Yes, to the very end.” Today, at 96, my grandfather is still on that long road, climbing. 1．What was the author’s grandfather before he retired? (no more than 5 words) 2．What did the author advise his grandfather to do in his letter? (no more than 10 words) 3．What is the grandfather’s view on life according to his letter back? (no more than 10 words) 4．How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (no more than 10 words) 5．Do you agree with the grandfather’s view on life? Give reasons in your own words. (no more than 20 words) 【答案】 1．He was a postman. / He delivered mail. 2．He advised him to slow down and take things easy. 3．It’s the journey, not the arrival, that counts. / Life is about the process. 4．My grandfather is still living an active and purposeful life. 5．Yes. Because it's the challenges and efforts in life that bring us growth and satisfaction, not just the final destination. 【解析】 1．考查细节理解。根据第一段 “my grandfather brought the mail to the folks there” 可知，祖父退休前是邮递员。 2．考查细节理解。根据第二段 “I suggested it was time for him to slow down... he should learn to take things easy.” 可知，作者建议祖父放慢节奏，享受生活。 3．考查主旨概括。祖父的回信核心观点是 “It’s the journey, not the arrival, that counts.”，强调人生的过程比结果更重要。 4．考查句意理解。最后一句用比喻的手法，将人生比作上坡路，将祖父比作仍在攀登的行者，意指祖父依然在积极地、有目标地生活着。 5．考查开放性设问。需表明立场，并给出与文本相关的理由。 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $