Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 单元测试卷【A卷 ★ 对接新教材】 -八年级英语下册单元整体优化精准练（新教材沪教版五四制）

Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 单元测试卷 【A卷 ◆ 对接新教材】 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、把下列单词或词组译成英文（共1小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.做出发现______________ 2.古代发明______________ 3.太空探索______________ 4.发展经济______________ 5.预防疾病______________ 6.养成习惯______________ 7.打电话______________ 8.拍 X 光______________ 9.赢得奖项______________ 10.有害细菌______________ 11.救命药______________ 12.治疗病人______________ 13.重病______________ 14.医疗护理______________ 15.自愿做某事______________ 16.在空闲时间______________ 17.偶然；意外地______________ 18.令某人惊讶的是______________ 19.保持联系______________ 20.使…… 变成______________ 【答案】 1.make a discovery 2. ancient inventions 3. space exploration 4. develop the economy 5. prevent illness 6. form a habit 7. make a telephone call 8. take an X-ray 9. win an award 10. harmful bacteria 11. life-saving medicine 12. treat a patient 13. serious illness 14. medical care 15. volunteer to do sth. 16. in one's spare time 17. by accident 18. to one's surprise 19. keep in touch 20. turn ... into 二、写出单词的适当形式（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 1. invent（v. 发明）→ ________（n. 发明） 1. discover（v. 发现）→ ________（n. 发现） 1. create（v. 创造）→ ________（adj. 有创造力的） 1. science（n. 科学）→ ________（adj. 科学的） 1. economy（n. 经济）→ ________（adj.经济的）→ _____（adj.节约的） 1. importance（n. 重要性）→ ________（adj. 重要的） 1. succeed（v. 成功）→ ________（n. 成功） 1. possible（adj. 可能的）→ ________（adv. 可能地） 1. develop（v. 发展）→ ________（n. 发展） 1. vary（v. 变化）→ ________（adj. 各种各样的） 1. explain（v. 解释）→ ________（n. 解释） 1. operate（v. 操作）→ ________（n. 操作；手术） 1. agree（v. 同意）→ ________（n. 同意） 1. simple（adj. 简单的）→ ________（adv. 简单地） 1. protect（v. 保护）→ ________（n. 保护） 【答案】 1.invention 2. discovery 3. creative 4. scientific 5. economic ; economical 6. important 7. success 8. possibly 9. development 10. various 11. explanation 12. operation 13. agreement 14. simply 15. protection 三、根据汉语提示填空（共10小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1.The ________(发现) of penicillin changed the course of medicine. 2.Many ________(古代的) inventions show the wisdom of our ancestors. 3.Scientists spend years ________(探索) the unknown parts of the ocean. 4.This new material is very useful in our ________(日常的) life. 5.We should wash hands often to kill ________(有害的) bacteria. 6.The doctor gave him some ________(药) for his cold. 7.She ________(自愿) to help the sick people in the hospital last weekend. 8.He was so busy that he ________(几乎不) had time to sleep. 9.________(令我们惊讶的是), the old invention still works well today. 10.We can ________(保持联系) with our friends through WeChat. 【答案】 1.discovery 【解析】句意：青霉素的发现改变了医学的进程。the 后接名词，discovery “发现”，可数名词，此处特指青霉素的发现，用单数。 2.ancient 【解析】句意：许多古代发明展现了我们祖先的智慧。ancient “古代的”，形容词作定语修饰名词 inventions。 3.exploring 【解析】句意：科学家们花了数年时间探索海洋的未知区域。spend...doing sth.“花费…… 做某事”，explore “探索”，用动名词形式。 4.daily 【解析】句意：这种新材料在我们的日常生活中非常有用。daily “日常的”，形容词作定语修饰名词 life，in daily life “在日常生活中”。 5.harmful 【解析】句意：我们应该经常洗手来杀死有害细菌。harmful “有害的”，形容词作定语修饰名词 bacteria。 6.medicine 【解析】句意：医生给了他一些治感冒的药。medicine “药”，不可数名词，some 后接不可数名词原形。 7.volunteered 【解析】句意：上周末她自愿去医院帮助病人。根据 last weekend 可知用一般过去时，volunteer “自愿”，过去式为 volunteered。 8.hardly 【解析】句意：他太忙了，几乎没有时间睡觉。hardly “几乎不”，否定副词，符合句意。 9.To our surprise 【解析】句意：令我们惊讶的是，这项古老的发明如今仍然运转良好。to one's surprise “令某人惊讶的是”，固定短语，one's 用 our，首字母大写。 10.keep in touch 【解析】句意：我们可以通过微信和朋友们保持联系。keep in touch “保持联系”，情态动词 can 后接动词原形。 四、单项选择（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. The ______ of the wheel is considered one of the most important achievements in ancient times. A. discovery B. exploration C. invention D. material 2. Tu Youyou spent years studying ancient Chinese ______ books to find a treatment for malaria. A. medical B. medicine C. socialism D. economical 3. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin ______ when he noticed mould stopping bacteria growth. A. by accident B. to his surprise C. in time D. on purpose 4. The ______ news that a new life-saving medicine was developed made the whole nation excited. A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excitement 5. We need to collect different ______ like wood and metal to make the model of the ancient ship. A. material B. materials C. fishnets D. tubes 6. With the help of X-rays, doctors can clearly see the ______ inside patients' bodies. A. bones B. bacteria C. mould D. illness 7. The young scientist ______ a national award for his great contribution to space exploration. A. won B. awarded C. volunteer D. treated 8. People in ______ civilizations created many amazing inventions that still influence us today. A. modern B. ancient C. recent D. social 9. I ______ agree that the telephone has changed the way we communicate with each other. A. hardly B. totally C. serious D. spare 10. The scientist tried to ______ the new discovery into a practical tool that can help people in daily life. A. turn into B. treat with C. light up D. keep in touch 答案 1.C 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.B 10.A 解析 1. C：invention 意为 “发明”，轮子是 “发明” 而非 “发现”（discovery），exploration（名词，探索）、material（名词，材料）均不符合语境。 2. A：medical 为形容词 “医学的”，修饰名词 books，构成 “医学书籍”；medicine（名词，药）、socialism（名词，社会主义）、economical（形容词，节约的）均为单元词汇，但不符合 “研究医书” 的语境。 3. A：by accident 是单元核心短语 “偶然地”，契合弗莱明偶然发现青霉素的背景；to his surprise（令他惊讶的是）、in time（及时）、on purpose（故意地）均为单元相关短语 / 词汇，形成合理干扰。 4. B：exciting 修饰事物 “令人激动的”，修饰 news；excited（修饰人）、excite（动词）、excitement（名词）均为单元内 excite 的衍生词，考查词性与用法辨析。 5. B：material 表 “材料” 时为可数名词，different 后接复数 materials；fishnets（渔网）、tubes（管子）均为单元名词，作为干扰项，符合 “制作模型需多种材料” 的语境。 6. A：bones 是 “骨头”，X 光可观察骨头；bacteria（细菌）、mould（霉菌）、illness（疾病）均为单元医学相关词汇，形成语义干扰，符合医学场景逻辑。 7. A：win an award 是单元固定搭配 “获奖”，用 win 的过去式 won；awarded（动词过去式 / 过去分词，颁奖）、volunteer（志愿者 / 自愿）、treated（治疗）均为单元核心词汇，考查固定搭配与词义辨析。 8. B：ancient 意为 “古代的”，修饰 civilizations（文明），契合 “古代文明的发明影响至今” 的语境；modern（现代的）、recent（最近的）、social（社会的）均为单元形容词，形成反义或相关语义干扰。 9. B：totally 为副词 “完全地”，修饰动词 agree；hardly（几乎不）、serious（形容词，严重的）、spare（形容词，空闲的）均为单元核心词汇，考查副词修饰动词的用法。 10. A：turn...into 是单元核心短语 “使…… 变成”，符合 “将发现转化为实用工具” 的语境；treat with（用治疗；对待）、light up（使变亮）、keep in touch（保持联系）均为单元重点词汇 / 短语，形成合理干扰。 五、完成句子（共10题，每小题2分，满分20分） 1. 印刷术的发明影响了整个世界。 The invention of printing ______ the whole world. 2. 这位科学家一生致力于研究太空。 The scientist ______ ______ ______ research on space all his life. 3. 互联网使我们的交流变得更容易。 The Internet ______ ______ easier for us ______ communicate. 4. 他们已经在这项新发明上工作了三年。 They ______ ______ ______ this new invention for three years. 5. 蒸汽机的发明带来了工业革命。 The invention of the steam engine ______ ______ the Industrial Revolution. 6. 我们应该学习那些伟大发明家的精神。 We should learn the spirit of those great ______. 7. 这项新发现将帮助医生治疗更多病人。 This new discovery ______ ______ doctors ______ more patients. 8. 到目前为止，他已在人工智能领域做了很多研究。 ______ ______, he ______ ______ a lot of research in the field of AI. 9. 他的发明让远距离交流成为可能。 His invention ______ communication over long distances ______. 10. 年轻人应该培养探索未知世界的精神。 Young people should ______ the spirit of ______ the unknown world. 【答案】 1.Influenced 2. devoted himself to 3. makes it; to 4. have worked on 5. led to 6. inventors 7. will help; treat 8. So far; has done 9.made; possible 10. develop; exploring 六、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk. People believed that Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor, was the first 1 (invent) silk. Leizu learned how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. This magical cloth became 2 (know) as “silk”, and it was so valuable that it was called “China’s Gold”. Following the kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for 3 (century). But then, something amazing happened! During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there. 4 years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name—the Silk Road. The Silk Road became 5 busy highway for traders who carried things across deserts and mountains. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices, gold and silver from the West. At the very beginning, it was mainly about trade. Then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures. For example, Chinese inventions like paper-making 6 (spread) to the West, while new ideas about math and science came to China. Most 7 (important), the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared 8 this ancient road. In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes (石窟) in China, you can see how art pieces combined (融合) Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive. It can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas. Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the 9 (great) examples of cooperation and exchange in history. It shows us how important it is to learn about and respect each 10 traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things. 【答案】 1．to invent 2．known 3．centuries 4．As 5．a 6．spread 7．importantly 8．along 9．greatest 10．other’s 【导语】本文主要讲述了丝绸的发明以及丝绸之路的起源、发展及其对东西方文化交流的重要意义。 1．句意：人们认为黄帝的妻子嫘祖是第一个发明丝绸的人。根据“the first...silk”可知，此处指第一个发明丝绸的人，应用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词first。故填to invent。 2．句意：这种神奇的布料后来被称为“丝绸”，它非常珍贵，被称为“中国的黄金”。根据“became...as ‘silk’”可知，此处是become known as“被称为”。故填known。 3．句意：按照国王的命令，中国人将丝绸的制作方法保密了几个世纪。根据“for...”可知，此处表示保密几个世纪，应用名词century的复数形式。故填centuries。 4．句意：随着岁月的流逝，丝绸变得如此重要，以至于从欧洲到中国的贸易之路得名——丝绸之路。根据“...years passed by”可知，此处指随着岁月流逝，应用as引导时间状语从句，位于句首首字母大写。故填As。 5．句意：丝绸之路成为商人们穿越沙漠和山脉的繁忙通道。根据“busy highway”可知，此处表示泛指一条繁忙的通道，且busy是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．句意：例如，中国的发明如造纸术传播到西方，而关于数学和科学的新思想则传入中国。根据“Then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures.”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词spread的过去式是spread。故填spread。 7．句意：最重要的是，丝绸之路帮助不同的文化相互学习。根据“Most...”可知，此处应用important的副词形式importantly修饰整个句子，most importantly表示“最重要的是”。故填importantly。 8．句意：艺术、音乐甚至语言都在这条古道上共享。根据“shared...this ancient road”可知，此处表示在这条古道上共享，应用介词along表示“沿着”。故填along。 9．句意：今天，我们铭记丝绸之路是历史上合作与交流的最伟大例子之一。根据“one of the...examples”可知，此处是one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，应用great的最高级greatest。故填greatest。 10．句意：它向我们展示了了解和尊重彼此的传统是多么重要，不同的文化可以共同创造惊人的事物。根据“respect each...traditions”可知，此处表示彼此的传统，应用other的所有格形式other’s。故填other’s。 七、完形填空（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） Be an Inventor! The biggest secret¹ about inventing is that anybody can do it! Perhaps this sounds crazy, but it’s true. Maybe you have the wrong idea about inventing, so read on to discover the 1 . Wrong idea number 1: An invention has to be something completely new. Well, inventing means creating something “new”, but the idea could come from something that already exists2. 2 , the Wright brothers got the idea for building a flying machine from watching birds. Wrong idea number 2: Inventors are born, not made. There are a lot of factors3 that make innovation4 possible. Take Mozart for example. He was born with a unique talent for music. But other factors were also 3 for his creativity. His father was a music teacher, and Mozart 4 for hours every day, from a very young age. Thomas Edison said that being an inventor was “99% hard work and 1% inspiration5!” Very successful creators don’t 5 when they get something wrong. As one inventor said, “A failure is the right answer to the wrong questions!” Wrong idea number 3: Inventors are 6 old people. Don’t believe that you can’t invent something when you are young. Louis Braille went blind when he was a child. When he was 15, he invented a system6 of reading and writing for blind people that is still used in most countries today. Word box1. secret n. 秘密2. exist v. 存在 3. factor n. 因素 4. innovation n. 创新 5. inspiration n. 灵感 6. system n. 系统 1．A．truth B．challenge C．plot D．promise 2．A．First of all B．For example C．In the end D．What’s more 3．A．correct B．lively C．funny D．important 4．A．practised B．guided C．separated D．improved 5．A．depend on B．give up C．enter for D．deal with 6．A．never B．sometimes C．always D．seldom 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过纠正人们对发明的三个常见错误认知，揭示了“任何人都可以成为发明家”的核心观点，强调发明并非遥不可及，它可以基于现有事物，需要后天努力，且与年龄无关。 1．句意：也许你对发明有错误的看法，所以继续读下去来发现真相。 truth真相；challenge挑战；plot情节；promise承诺。根据上文“The biggest secret about inventing is that anybody can do it!”可知，这里是要纠正错误观念，揭示“真相”。故选A。 2．句意：例如，莱特兄弟从观察鸟类中得到了制造飞行器的想法。 First of all首先, 最重要；For example例如；In the end最后；What’s more而且。根据上文“the idea could come from something that already exists”可知，发明的想法可以来自已经存在的事物，这里用莱特兄弟的例子来证明这一点，应用“For example”。故选B。 3．句意：但其他因素对他的创造力也很重要。 correct正确的；lively活泼的；funny有趣的；important重要的。根据上文“Take Mozart for example. He was born with a unique talent for music.”可知，前文提到莫扎特的音乐天赋，这里转折说明后天因素（如父亲教导、每日练习）对他的创造力也至关重要。故选D。 4．句意：他的父亲是一名音乐教师，莫扎特从很小的时候起，每天都要练习好几个小时。 practised练习；guided指导；separated分离；improved提高。根据空格后“for hours every day”可知，这里描述莫扎特后天的努力，“练习”音乐是符合语境的动作。故选A。 5．句意：非常成功的创造者在出错时不会放弃。 depend on依靠；give up放弃；enter for报名参加；deal with处理。根据下文“A failure is the right answer to the wrong questions!”可知，失败是错误问题的正确答案，说明发明家面对失败时不会放弃。故选B。 6．句意：错误认知3：发明家总是老年人。 never从不；sometimes有时；always总是；seldom很少。根据下文“Louis Braille went blind when he was a child. When he was 15, he invented a system of reading and writing for blind people”可知，下文举了15岁的Louis Braille发明盲文的例子，反驳了“发明家总是老年人”的错误观点。故选C。 八、句子还原（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 根据短文内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。项中有一项为多余选项。 Every year, TIME magazine lists the year’s best inventions. Some of these solve problems. 1 Here are four inventions of 2024. Which one is your favorite? Grow and Glow (发光) During the day, Firefly Petunias (萤火虫矮牵牛花) look like normal white flowers. When it gets dark, they glow like the moon. 2 But their glow is a matter of science. Scientists from the company Light Bio invented these flowers. They make it possible to grow these glow-in-the-dark flowers at home. Robots on the Job 3 Some factories are making this come true. They use Digit, a robot created by Agility Robotics, to help do a lot of things. Now, Digit robots work separately (分离) from humans. That’s for safety purposes. But the robots may someday work with people. Read in Colour It used to be hard to read comics (漫画) on an e-reader (电子阅读器) . That’s no longer the problem. Rakuten Kobo’s Libra Colour is the first e-reader with a colour e-ink (电子墨水) screen. The invention is small, but its colours are popular. 4 Water for All People in some parts of the world do not have clean water. That’s why Filter Caps (过滤器盖) was created. The filters are small and can be attached (安装) to the top of a bottle . Users fill the bottle with water from a river or lake. 5 Each filter can clean five liters of water in a day. A．It was made for the poor. B．They might look magical. C．Others make life more fun. D．Then the filters make the water safe to drink. E．Imagine having a robot as your workmate. F．It makes users enjoy colorful comics freely. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．E 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了2024年四种最佳发明。 1．根据“Some of these solve problems.”可推知，空缺处需补充这些发明的作用，选项C“其他发明让生活更有趣。”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据“When...they glow like the moon.”可推知，空缺处需描述花朵发光给人的感受。选项B“它们看起来可能很神奇。”符合语境，故选B。 3． 根据“They use Digit, a robot created by Agility Robotics, to help do a lot of things.”可推知，工厂实现了机器人帮助人类工作，空缺处需提及机器人作为工作伙伴的设想。选项E“想象一下拥有一个机器人作为工作伙伴。”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据“The invention is small, but its colours are popular.”可推知，空缺处需补充电子阅读器受欢迎的原因。选项F“它让用户可以自由享受彩色漫画。”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据“Users fill the bottle with water from a river or lake.”可推知，空缺处需说明过滤器下一步的作用。选项D“然后过滤器使水可以安全饮用。”符合语境，故选D。 $Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 单元测试卷 【A卷 ◆ 对接新教材】 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、把下列单词或词组译成英文（共1小题，每小题1分，共20分） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.做出发现______________ 2.古代发明______________ 3.太空探索______________ 4.发展经济______________ 5.预防疾病______________ 6.养成习惯______________ 7.打电话______________ 8.拍 X 光______________ 9.赢得奖项______________ 10.有害细菌______________ 11.救命药______________ 12.治疗病人______________ 13.重病______________ 14.医疗护理______________ 15.自愿做某事______________ 16.在空闲时间______________ 17.偶然；意外地______________ 18.令某人惊讶的是______________ 19.保持联系______________ 20.使…… 变成______________ 二、写出单词的适当形式（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 1. invent（v. 发明）→ ________（n. 发明） 1. discover（v. 发现）→ ________（n. 发现） 1. create（v. 创造）→ ________（adj. 有创造力的） 1. science（n. 科学）→ ________（adj. 科学的） 1. economy（n. 经济）→ ________（adj.经济的）→ _____（adj.节约的） 1. importance（n. 重要性）→ ________（adj. 重要的） 1. succeed（v. 成功）→ ________（n. 成功） 1. possible（adj. 可能的）→ ________（adv. 可能地） 1. develop（v. 发展）→ ________（n. 发展） 1. vary（v. 变化）→ ________（adj. 各种各样的） 1. explain（v. 解释）→ ________（n. 解释） 1. operate（v. 操作）→ ________（n. 操作；手术） 1. agree（v. 同意）→ ________（n. 同意） 1. simple（adj. 简单的）→ ________（adv. 简单地） 1. protect（v. 保护）→ ________（n. 保护） 三、根据汉语提示填空（共10小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1.The ________(发现) of penicillin changed the course of medicine. 2.Many ________(古代的) inventions show the wisdom of our ancestors. 3.Scientists spend years ________(探索) the unknown parts of the ocean. 4.This new material is very useful in our ________(日常的) life. 5.We should wash hands often to kill ________(有害的) bacteria. 6.The doctor gave him some ________(药) for his cold. 7.She ________(自愿) to help the sick people in the hospital last weekend. 8.He was so busy that he ________(几乎不) had time to sleep. 9.________(令我们惊讶的是), the old invention still works well today. 10.We can ________(保持联系) with our friends through WeChat. 四、单项选择（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1. The ______ of the wheel is considered one of the most important achievements in ancient times. A. discovery B. exploration C. invention D. material 2. Tu Youyou spent years studying ancient Chinese ______ books to find a treatment for malaria. A. medical B. medicine C. socialism D. economical 3. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin ______ when he noticed mould stopping bacteria growth. A. by accident B. to his surprise C. in time D. on purpose 4. The ______ news that a new life-saving medicine was developed made the whole nation excited. A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excitement 5. We need to collect different ______ like wood and metal to make the model of the ancient ship. A. material B. materials C. fishnets D. tubes 6. With the help of X-rays, doctors can clearly see the ______ inside patients' bodies. A. bones B. bacteria C. mould D. illness 7. The young scientist ______ a national award for his great contribution to space exploration. A. won B. awarded C. volunteer D. treated 8. People in ______ civilizations created many amazing inventions that still influence us today. A. modern B. ancient C. recent D. social 9. I ______ agree that the telephone has changed the way we communicate with each other. A. hardly B. totally C. serious D. spare 10. The scientist tried to ______ the new discovery into a practical tool that can help people in daily life. A. turn into B. treat with C. light up D. keep in touch 五、完成句子（共10题，每小题2分，满分20分） 1. 印刷术的发明影响了整个世界。 The invention of printing ______ the whole world. 2. 这位科学家一生致力于研究太空。 The scientist ______ ______ ______ research on space all his life. 3. 互联网使我们的交流变得更容易。 The Internet ______ ______ easier for us ______ communicate. 4. 他们已经在这项新发明上工作了三年。 They ______ ______ ______ this new invention for three years. 5. 蒸汽机的发明带来了工业革命。 The invention of the steam engine ______ ______ the Industrial Revolution. 6. 我们应该学习那些伟大发明家的精神。 We should learn the spirit of those great ______. 7. 这项新发现将帮助医生治疗更多病人。 This new discovery ______ ______ doctors ______ more patients. 8. 到目前为止，他已在人工智能领域做了很多研究。 ______ ______, he ______ ______ a lot of research in the field of AI. 9. 他的发明让远距离交流成为可能。 His invention ______ communication over long distances ______. 10. 年轻人应该培养探索未知世界的精神。 Young people should ______ the spirit of ______ the unknown world. 六、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk. People believed that Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor, was the first 1 (invent) silk. Leizu learned how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. This magical cloth became 2 (know) as “silk”, and it was so valuable that it was called “China’s Gold”. Following the kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for 3 (century). But then, something amazing happened! During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there. 4 years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name—the Silk Road. The Silk Road became 5 busy highway for traders who carried things across deserts and mountains. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices, gold and silver from the West. At the very beginning, it was mainly about trade. Then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures. For example, Chinese inventions like paper-making 6 (spread) to the West, while new ideas about math and science came to China. Most 7 (important), the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared 8 this ancient road. In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes (石窟) in China, you can see how art pieces combined (融合) Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive. It can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas. Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the 9 (great) examples of cooperation and exchange in history. It shows us how important it is to learn about and respect each 10 traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things. 七、完形填空（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） Be an Inventor! The biggest secret¹ about inventing is that anybody can do it! Perhaps this sounds crazy, but it’s true. Maybe you have the wrong idea about inventing, so read on to discover the 1 . Wrong idea number 1: An invention has to be something completely new. Well, inventing means creating something “new”, but the idea could come from something that already exists2. 2 , the Wright brothers got the idea for building a flying machine from watching birds. Wrong idea number 2: Inventors are born, not made. There are a lot of factors3 that make innovation4 possible. Take Mozart for example. He was born with a unique talent for music. But other factors were also 3 for his creativity. His father was a music teacher, and Mozart 4 for hours every day, from a very young age. Thomas Edison said that being an inventor was “99% hard work and 1% inspiration5!” Very successful creators don’t 5 when they get something wrong. As one inventor said, “A failure is the right answer to the wrong questions!” Wrong idea number 3: Inventors are 6 old people. Don’t believe that you can’t invent something when you are young. Louis Braille went blind when he was a child. When he was 15, he invented a system6 of reading and writing for blind people that is still used in most countries today. Word box 1. secret n. 秘密2. exist v. 存在 3. factor n. 因素 4. innovation n. 创新 5. inspiration n. 灵感 6. system n. 系统 1．A．truth B．challenge C．plot D．promise 2．A．First of all B．For example C．In the end D．What’s more 3．A．correct B．lively C．funny D．important 4．A．practised B．guided C．separated D．improved 5．A．depend on B．give up C．enter for D．deal with 6．A．never B．sometimes C．always D．seldom 八、句子还原（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 根据短文内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。项中有一项为多余选项。 Every year, TIME magazine lists the year’s best inventions. Some of these solve problems. 1 Here are four inventions of 2024. Which one is your favorite? Grow and Glow (发光) During the day, Firefly Petunias (萤火虫矮牵牛花) look like normal white flowers. When it gets dark, they glow like the moon. 2 But their glow is a matter of science. Scientists from the company Light Bio invented these flowers. They make it possible to grow these glow-in-the-dark flowers at home. Robots on the Job 3 Some factories are making this come true. They use Digit, a robot created by Agility Robotics, to help do a lot of things. Now, Digit robots work separately (分离) from humans. That’s for safety purposes. But the robots may someday work with people. Read in Colour It used to be hard to read comics (漫画) on an e-reader (电子阅读器) . That’s no longer the problem. Rakuten Kobo’s Libra Colour is the first e-reader with a colour e-ink (电子墨水) screen. The invention is small, but its colours are popular. 4 Water for All People in some parts of the world do not have clean water. That’s why Filter Caps (过滤器盖) was created. The filters are small and can be attached (安装) to the top of a bottle . Users fill the bottle with water from a river or lake. 5 Each filter can clean five liters of water in a day. A．It was made for the poor. B．They might look magical. C．Others make life more fun. D．Then the filters make the water safe to drink. E．Imagine having a robot as your workmate. F．It makes users enjoy colorful comics freely. $