Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand重点知识清单 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语七年级下册

26春仁爱七下英语U10 Lending a Helping Hand重点知识清单 一、词汇认知 核心词汇 词性 释义 例句 帮助与奉献 lend v. 借给；提供（帮助） Can you lend me your bike? volunteer n./v. 志愿者； 自愿做 She volunteered to help the old. offer v. 主动提供；提出 He offered to help me. provide v. 提供 The school provides meals for students. 动作类 pick v. 采 ，摘；挑选 We picked some apples yesterday. leave v. 离开；落下 ，忘记 I left my keys at home. lose v. 丢失；输掉 Don't lose your way. 人与地点 host n. 主人；东道主 My host family is very kind. owner n. 物主；所有者 The owner of the car is my uncle. elder n./adj. 长者；年长的 We should respect elders. daughter n. 女儿 She is my daughter. 场所与设施 housing n. 住房 ，住宅 The housing is very expensive. community n. 社区 Our community is very friendly. farm n./v. 农场；务农 They live on a farm. 形容词类 meaningful adj. 有意义的 It was a meaningful activity. crowded adj. 拥挤的 The bus was very crowded. medical adj. 医疗的； 医学的 She works in a medical team. 副词类 yesterday adv./n. 昨天 What did you do yesterday? heavily adv. 大量地；沉重地 It snowed heavily last night. nearby adv./adj. 在附近； 附近的 There is a school nearby. 其他重要词汇 experience n./v. 经历；经验；经历 It was a wonderful experience. key n./adj. 钥匙；关键的 Education is t he key to success. repair v. 修理 Can you repair my bike? 名词类 match n. 比赛；竞赛 Who won the tennis match? exam n. 考试；检查 I have an exam tomorrow. event n. 大事；公开活动 The sports event was exciting. 二、短语积累 Neighbors work together to make the community better. Together, we can make the world a better place. 短语 中文释义 例句 clean up the park 打扫公园 We joined in a volunteer activity to clean up the park. take an active part in 积极参加 Many families took an active part in the running race. take part in 参加（活动/比赛） She took part in the volunteer work. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 Liu Mei volunteered to provide medical services. provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物 The government provides food for the poor. provide s b. with sth. 向某人提供某物 The school provides students with books. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 He offered to help me clean the room. offer help to sb. 向某人提供帮助 Neighbors offered help to the new family. hold a birthday party 举办生日派对 We held a birthday party for my sister. hold a welcome party 举办欢迎派对 The community held a welcome party for the Zhaos. leave sth. at home 把某物忘在家里 I left my keys at home. use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事 May I use your phone to call my daughter? on one's way back 在某人返回途中 I met an old friend on my way back. wait for sb. 等待某人 Would you come in and wait for her at my home? do some shopping 购物 She did some shopping at the market. be kind of sb. 某人真好 That's very kind of you. knock at the door 敲门 Someone is knocking at the door. just a minute 稍等片刻 Just a minute, I'm coming. come in 进来 Would you like to come in? look for 寻找 I'm looking for my lost key. pick up litter 捡垃圾 They picked up litter in the park. sweep the street 扫街道 We swept the street together. move to a new community 搬到新社区 The family moved to a new community. carry boxes 搬箱子 He helped them carry boxes. show s b. the way to... 给某人指路去 … … Miss Gao showed Mrs. Zhao the way to school. clean up the garden 清理花园 Dr. Li volunteered to clean up the garden. chat with neighbors 和邻居聊天 They chatted with neighbors. feel love and care 感受到关爱 We felt love and care in the community. be new to sb. 对某人来说是新的 Everything was new to them. in one's own way 以自己的方式 She helps in her own way. collect money for... 为 ……筹款 We collected money for the old people. raise money 募集资金 They raised money for charity. feel proud of... 为 ……感到自豪 I feel proud of my volunteer work. be tired but happy 累但快乐 We were tired but happy after the race. at a nursing home 在养老院 We volunteered at a nursing home. play cards with sb. 和某人打牌 We played cards with the elders. at first...then... 首先 ……然后 … … At first, we cleaned, then we visited. feel good about... 对 ……感觉良好 I feel good about helping others. arrive at... 到达（小地点） We arrived at the station at 9:00. work together 一起工作 make the world a better place 让世界更美好 三、句型归纳 询问过去发生的事情 句型 用途 例句 Where did you go...? 询问过去地点 Where did you go the day before yesterday? What did you do...? 询问过去动作 What did you do yesterday? How was...? 询问感受/状态 How was your volunteer activity? When did you...? 询问时间 When did you volunteer? 描述过去的经历 句型 含义 例句 ...did sth. 做了某事 I took part in a volunteer activity. ...volunteered to do sth. 自愿做某事 Liu Mei's mother volunteered to provide medical services. ...offered to do sth. 主动提出做某事 Xiao Ya offered her phone to Mrs. Li. It was a... activity. 这是一项 ……的活动 It was a meaningful activity. ...had a lot of fun. 玩得很开心 We had a lot of fun there. 请求帮助与回应 句型 用途 例句 Could you help me? 委婉请求帮助 Could you help me carry the box? May I use your...? 请求使用某物 May I use your phone to call my daughter? Would you...? 礼貌邀请/建议 Would you come in and wait for her? What's up? 询问发生什么事 What's up? You look worried. That's very kind of you. 感谢 That's very kind of you. You're welcome. 回应感谢 You're welcome. 社区与志愿服务 句型 例句 ...joined in a volunteer activity to do sth. We joined in a volunteer activity to clean up the park. ...helped sb. do sth. My grandpa helped the old people do some cleaning. ...gave free medical exams. My dad gave free medical exams. The community is a place of love and care. The community is a place of love and care. We felt very welcome here. We felt very welcome here. How can I help you? How can I help you? Let me show you around. Let me show you around. 表达感受与观点 句型 例句 What does she think of...? What does she think of volunteer activities? What is her plan for...? What is her plan for volunteer work? It was great! It was great! We had fun working together. We had fun working together. I felt good about helping others. I felt good about helping others. Together, we can make the world a better place. Together, we can make the world a better place. 四、语法重点 1. 物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns) 物主代词用于表示所有关系，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两类。 一、形容词性物主代词（Possessive Adjectives） 人称 单数 中文 复数 中文 第一人称 my 我的 our 我们的 第二人称 your 你的 your 你们的 第三人称 his/her/its 他的/她的/它的 their 他们的 用法：必须修饰名词，不能单独使用 • This is my book. （这是我的书。） • Her cat is sleeping. （她的猫在睡觉。） 易错点： ✗ This is mine book. ✓ This is my book. 二、名词性物主代词（Possessive Pronouns） 人称 单数 中文 复数 中文 第一人称 mine 我的 ours 我们的 第二人称 yours 你的 yours 你们的 第三人称 his/hers/its 他的/她的/它的 theirs 他们的 用法：可以独立使用，无需接名词 • The red bag is mine. （红色的包是我的。） • Is this pen yours? （这支钢笔是你的吗？） 易错点： ✗ This is my. ✓ This is mine. ✗ Its raining.（应为It's） ✓ It's raining.（It's = it is） 三、两种物主代词对比 形容词性 名词性 例句对比 my mine This is my pen. = This pen is mine. your yours Is this your bag? = Is this bag yours? her hers Her bike is red. = The red bike is hers. their theirs Their car is blue. = The blue car is theirs. ( 使用口诀： 形物主，后面跟，名词不能少； 名物主，单独用，后面名词空。 形物主 + 名词 = 名物主 例如： my bike = mine ) 2. 一般过去时（II）疑问句形式 一般过去时的疑问句分为 be 动词疑问句和实义动词疑问句两种形式。 一、be 动词的一般过去时疑问句 句型 肯定回答 否定回答 例句 Was + 主语 + ...? Yes, 主语 was. No, 主语 wasn't. Were you tired? Yes, I was. Were + 主语 + ...? Yes, 主语 were. No, 主语 weren't. Were they happy? Yes, they were. 特殊疑问句结构： • 疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + ...? • Where was your brother last night? （你弟弟昨晚在哪里？） • Why were they angry? （他们为什么生气？） 二、实义动词的一般过去时疑问句 句型 肯定回答 否定回答 例句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + ...? Yes, 主语 did. No, 主语 didn't. Did you watch TV? Yes, I did. 特殊疑问句结构： • 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + ...? • What did you do last weekend? （你上周末做了什么？） • Where did they go on holiday? （他们假期去了哪里？） 三、be 动词 vs 实义动词疑问句对比 类型 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 be 动词 Were you tired? Why was the door open? 实义动词 Did you finish your homework? Where did they buy the cake? 重要区别： • be 动词疑问句：直接提前 was/were，不需要助动词 did • 实义动词疑问句：必须用助动词 did，且动词恢复原形 常见错误： ✗ Did you was at home? → ✓ Were you at home? ✗ Was she played football? → ✓ Did she play football? ✗ Did you went to the park? → ✓ Did you go to the park? 五、语音板块 元音字母组合 字母组合 发音 例词 ear /3:/ early, learn ear /ɪə(r)/ volunteer, cheer eir/ere /eə/ their, there er /3:/ her, term ew /ju:/ new, few igh /aɪ/ right, high ing /ɪŋ/ sing, eating 辅音字母组合 字母组合 发音 例词 ph /f/ photo, phone qu /kw/ quick, quiet 六、真实生活场景对话 场景一：请求帮助 Mrs. Li: Oh, no! I left my keys and my phone at home. Xiao Ya: What's up, Mrs. Li? Mrs. Li: I can't get into my house. I need to call my daughter. Xiao Ya: May I use your phone to call my daughter? No, sorry, I mean... Xiao Ya: You can use my phone to call your daughter. Mrs. Li: That's very kind of you. Thank you! Xiao Ya: Would you come in and wait for her at my home? Mrs. Li: Thank you very much for your help. Xiao Ya: You're welcome. 场景二：志愿者活动 Li Ming: Where did you go the day before yesterday? Wang Hua: We joined in a volunteer activity to clean up the park. Li Ming: What did you do there? Wang Hua: Liu Mei's mother volunteered to provide medical services. My grandpa helped the old people do some cleaning. Li Ming: My dad gave free medical exams. Wang Hua: It was a meaningful activity. We had fun working together. 场景三：新邻居 Mr. Zhao: Everything is new to us here. Mr. Wang: How can I help you? Mr. Zhao: We need to move these boxes to our new house. Mr. Wang: Let me help you carry boxes. Let me show you around. Mrs. Wang: Dr. Li offered to clean up the garden. Mrs. Zhang showed Mrs. Zhao the way to the school. Mr. Zhao: The community is a place of love and care. Mr. Wang: We feel very welcome here. The neighbors are all very nice. 场景四：慈善跑步 Kangkang: How was your volunteer activity last weekend? Michael: It was great! We took part in a running race to collect money for the old people. Kangkang: Where did you learn about the event? Michael: I learnt about the event on the community website. Kangkang: Kangkang felt tired after the race. Michael: But we felt good about helping others. Kangkang: Together, we can make the world a better place. 七、志愿服务教育 志愿服务的意义 • 帮助他人：用自己的能力帮助有需要的人 • 服务社区：让社区变得更加美好 • 提升自我：在服务中成长和学习 • 传递爱心：让温暖传递给更多人 穹 常见志愿服务活动 • 环境清洁：打扫公园、清理垃圾 • 关爱老人：在养老院陪伴老人 • 公益筹款：为有需要的人筹款 • 社区服务：帮助邻居解决困难 • 志愿服务：提供医疗、教育等服务 ☆ 如何成为一名志愿者 • 了解需求：关注社区和学校的需求 • 主动参与：积极报名参加志愿活动 • 真诚服务：用心帮助每一个人 • 团队协作：和其他志愿者一起努力 • 持续关注：长期参与，让爱心延续 八、重点考点解析 考点1： heavy/heavily 的用法 典型例题： It snowed ___________ last night. A. heavy B. heavily C. heavyly D. heaviest 解析： 答案是 B。 heavily 是副词，用来修饰动词 snow，表示"雪下得大"。 heavy 是形容词，不能直接修饰动词。 • It snowed heavily last night. （正确） • It rained hard yesterday. （rain hard 也可以） 考点2：volunteer to do sth. 与 provide 的用法 典型例题： My uncle often volunteers ___________ (teach) art in the community center. The government provided tents ___________ the earthquake victims. 解析： • 第一空填 to teach。volunteer to do sth. 意为"自愿做某事"，后接不定式。 • 第二空填 for。 provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.，意为"为某人提供某物"。 考点3：take part in 的用法 典型例题： Many families took an active part ___________ the community running race. We should take an ___________ (act) role in protecting the environment. 解析： • take part in 意为"参加（活动/比赛）"，是固定搭配。 • active adj. 积极的 → actively adv. 积极地，第二空填 active。 辨析： • take part in：参加活动/比赛 • join：加入组织/团体 • join in：参加活动（与 take part in 近似） 考点4：情态动词 Could/Would/May 的委婉用法 典型例题： — ___________ you help me carry the box? — Sure, no problem. A. Can B. Could C. Must 解析： 答案是 B。Could you...? 是委婉请求帮助的句型，比 Can you...? 更礼貌。 类似句型： • Could you help me? （你能帮我吗？） • May I use your phone? （我可以用你的电话吗？） • Would you come in? （你愿意进来吗？） 考点5： leave 与 forget 的区别 典型例题： She ___________ her book in the classroom yesterday. A. forgot B. left C. missed 解析： 答案是 B。 leave sth. + 地点，意为"把某物落在某地"；forget 后不接地点。 • She left her umbrella on the bus. （她把伞落在公交车上了。） • She forgot her umbrella. （她忘了带伞。） 记忆口诀： • leave + 地点 → 落在某地 • forget → 忘记带（后面不跟地点） 考点6： offer 的用法 典型例题： He offered ___________ (help) me clean the room. 解析： 答案是 to help。offer to do sth. 意为"主动提出做某事"，后接不定式。 • offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. （主动给某人某物） • offer to do sth. （主动提出做某事） 考点7：物主代词的选择 典型例题： This isn't ___________ (their/theirs) car. ___________ (Their/Theirs) is over there. 解析： • 第一空填 their，形容词性物主代词，修饰名词 car。 • 第二空填 Theirs，名词性物主代词，独立使用。 • Theirs = Their car （他们的车） 考点8：一般过去时的疑问句 典型例题： ___________ they ___________ trees last weekend? — Yes, they ___________. A. Did; plant; did B. Do; plant; do C. Did; planted; did 解析： 答案是 A。一般过去时的一般疑问句用 Did + 主语 + 动词原形，肯定回答用 Yes, 主语 + did.。 注意： • Did they plant? （动词恢复原形） • ✗ Did they planted? （错误，不能用过去式） 九、易错点总结 1. 物主代词混用 ✗ This is mines pencil. ✗ The book is your. ✓ This is my pencil. ✓ The book is yours. 2. its 与 it's 混淆 ✗ Its raining outside. ✓ It's raining outside. （It's = It is） ✓ The dog wagged its tail. （它的尾巴） 3. leave 与 forget 误用 ✗ I forgot my keys at home. （forget 后不接地点） ✓ I left my keys at home. 4. 一般过去时疑问句动词不还原 ✗ Did you went to the park? ✗ Was she played football? ✓ Did you go to the park? ✓ Did she play football? 5. provide 的介词搭配错误 ✗ provide food to the poor. （应为 for） ✓ provide food for the poor. （or: provide the poor with food） 十、跨文化交际案例 ● 不同国家的志愿服务文化 CN 中国： • 雷锋精神深入人心，助人为乐是传统美德 • 社区志愿服务体系完善 • 青年志愿者活动活跃 Us 美国： • 志愿服务是社会文化的重要组成部分 • 许多学校要求学生完成一定时长的志愿服务 • 非营利组织和慈善机构发达 GB 英国： • 慈善商店（Charity Shop）遍布各地 • 社区志愿者在医疗、教育领域发挥重要作用 • 志愿服务被视作公民责任 JP 日本： • "防灾士"等志愿体系发达 • 社区互助文化传统悠久 • 企业鼓励员工参与志愿活动 穹 礼貌用语的跨文化差异 请求帮助的表达： • Could you...? 委婉、礼貌（英式） • Can you...? 相对直接（美式常用） • May I...? 正式、礼貌（通用）感谢的表达： • Thank you very much. 非常感谢 • Thanks a lot. 多谢 • That's very kind of you. 你真好 • I appreciate your help. 我感激你的帮助 十一、单元重点总结 1. 核心主题 本单元主题是"Lending a Helping Hand"（伸出援助之手），围绕志愿服务、帮助他人、社区关爱展开，培养学生的社会责任感和奉献精神。 2. 重要词汇 ( 帮助类： lend, volunteer, offer, provide, help 动作类： pick, leave, lose, carry, show, wait ) ( 人与地点： host, elder, daughter, community, farm 形容词： meaningful, crowded, medical, voluntary 副词： yesterday, heavily, nearby, early 名词： match, exam, event , experience, key ) 3. 关键语法 • 物主代词的分类与用法（形容词性 vs 名词性） • 一般过去时的疑问句形式（be 动词 vs 实义动词） • its 与 it's 的区别 • volunteer to do, offer to do, provide sth. for sb. 等搭配 • leave 与 forget 的区别 4. 育人价值 通过本单元学习，培养学生： • 培养助人为乐、关爱他人的品质 • 树立社会责任感和奉献精神 • 学会礼貌用语和委婉表达 • 了解不同文化的志愿服务理念 • 积极参与社区活动，服务社会 十二、实用表达 四 常用请求帮助句型 引起注意： Excuse me. 委婉请求：Could you help me? 请求使用： May I use your phone? 礼貌邀请：Would you come in? 询问需求： How can I help you? 四 感谢与回应句型 表达感谢：Thank you very much. 赞美对方：That's very kind of you. 回应感谢：You're welcome. 其他表达：Thanks for your help. 四 志愿服务常用句型 参加活动：take part in volunteer activities 自愿服务：volunteer to do sth. 提供帮助：offer to help / provide help ( 表达感受： feel good about helping others 合作愉快： have fun working together ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $