06 专题二 第二讲 推理判断题（教师用书Word版）-【高考快车道】2026年高考英语大二轮专题复习与策略

第二讲　推理判断题 考点1　隐含推断题 隐含推断题要求考生根据文中的信息进行合理的、适度的逻辑推断，推断出作者没有直接说明的内容、可能会发生的事情，理解作者的言外之意等。此类题目的题干主要包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，conclude(得出结论)和 assume(假定，设想)。 (2025·全国一卷阅读B篇) But things were different for their first essay，which was about the question：“Why is writing important？”Most of the essays filled less than one page，and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis(论点) statement．I was shocked．Then I realized that the problem was the question itself．They could have written pages on the necessity of computers，but writing，in and of itself，simply didn't strike them as important．This would have to change． 25．Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay? A．They were not given enough time． B．They had a very limited vocabulary． C．They misunderstood the question． D．They had little interest in the topic． 一定题干关键词： 确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体词) 二寻文中信息句： 根据关键词定位信息句(画波浪线句) 三比选项定答案： 比对选项和信息句可知，大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要，由此可推断出，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。 自主解答：D 考点2　观点态度题 作者的观点和态度，就是表达作者对某个话题、行为、事件的看法、感觉或判断。 作者的观点和态度一般分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观；客观、中立；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。 作者的思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词或副词。 【名师指津】 (2024·全国甲卷阅读C篇) ... The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation．For 10 months every year，the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks，before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给)．Then it starts all over again the next month．Most stations wait about a year between visits． Doctors see up to 150 patients every day．The train's equipment allows for basic checkups．“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned，”says Ducke．“They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want．” 31．What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas'services? A．Appreciative．　　　 B．Doubtful． C．Ambiguous． D．Cautious． 一看题干： 确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体词) 二读原文： 根据关键词定位信息句(画波浪线句) 三定答案： 根据最后一段可知，Ducke对Saint Lukas的服务持赞赏的态度。 自主解答：A 考点3　写作目的题 各种文体的阅读材料都可能考查写作目的题。通常情况下，作者在文中不直接陈述自己的写作目的，而是通过文中所列事例使读者感受到其所传递的想法。所以，这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力。 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读D篇) Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives，we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future，and this is where AI by Design：A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in．This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution(变革)． ... AI will affect us all，and if you only read one book on the subject，this is it． 35．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To recommend a book on AI． B．To give a brief account of AI history． C．To clarify the definition of AI． D．To honor an outstanding AI expert． 一看题干： 确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体词) 二读原文： 根据关键词定位信息句(画波浪线句) 三定答案： 根据文章第一段和文章最后一段可知，本文主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著的AI by Design：A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展的现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。 自主解答：A 考点4　文章出处题/写作对象题 文章出处题要求考生具备一定的常识，能够根据文章的体裁和题材来推断文章的出处或类别。写作对象题要求考生根据短文内容和文中的措辞推断文章的写作对象。 (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读C篇) Reading Art：Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object－the book，represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world... In this“book of books，”artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures ... ... ...From a 21st-century point of view，the printed book is certainly ancient，but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader... 28．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．An introduction to a book． B．An essay on the art of writing． C．A guidebook to a museum． D．A review of modern paintings． 一看题干： 确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体词) 二读原文： 根据关键词定位信息句(画波浪线句) 三定答案： 根据信息句可知，文中描述了这本书的主题和内容，所以这篇文章很有可能是一本书的序言或者简介。 自主解答：A A (2025·山东潍坊三模) We don't see many 17-year-olds who can list as many accomplishments as Eduardo Caiado．Edu，as he likes to be called，lives in Anápdis，Brazil．He's always been driven to help others．In fact，when he was just 15，he was named one of the 50 Young Inspirers of the United Nations for his project on reusing rainwater to provide drinking water in a village．He also bought gifts for 52 people living in a local nursing home，using his own money． These are all totally natural for Edu，who said he's been actively trying to help others for most of his life．But right now he centers on saving stray animals．Since he was 9，he's dreamed of the day he could open a shelter for the many forgotten pets he's seen．Less than ten years later，he made that dream a reality by starting the EduPacoca Institute!“The place where I live is cold，and many stray dogs were dying of extreme cold，”he said． The EduPacoca Institute depends on donations to help these animals in need．First，Edu rented a house；now，he's using the money to cover food and their expenses．“I want these animals to know that even if they don't have owners，they will be with me until they grow old and die，”he said． After years of feeding animals on the streets，Edu understands that while they're not human，animals have feelings of their own．Each has their own habits，personality，and preferences，and Edu loves getting to know them．He's already given about 30 dogs and cats a home，and the number keeps growing every day！His main regret is that he doesn't have enough room or money to take in every stray animal． “The Institute is a dream，but at the same time a great challenge，”he said．“But it has been so good to sleep every day knowing that everyone is warm and safe．” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了17岁的巴西少年一直努力帮助他人，并实现了自己为流浪狗开设收容所的梦想。 1．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By providing one's family background． B．By making some survey． C．By listing one's amazing achievements． D．By putting forward a concept． C　[推理判断题。首段以“17 岁少年拥有诸多成就”为切入点，通过列举“联合国青年激励者称号”“用个人积蓄为养老院老人买礼物”等具体成就引出话题。选项 C“通过列举某人的惊人成就”直接对应开篇写作手法，故选C。] 2．What inspired Edu to start the EduPacoca Institute? A．His inner quality． B．The desire for fame． C．His skill with animals． D．The experience in childhood． A　[推理判断题。第二段提到 Edu“一生都在积极帮助他人”，创办收容所源于 9 岁时的梦想，而梦想的核心驱动力是其内在的善良品质(如主动帮助他人的本能)。选项 A“内在品质”精准概括其动机，故选A。] 3．What is the biggest trouble to Edu? A．Lack of enough support． B．Poor physical conditions． C．Much pressure from his family． D．Too much time to put into． A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“His main regret is that he doesn't have enough room or money to take in every stray animal．”可知，Edu最大的麻烦是没有足够的空间和钱来收留每一只流浪动物，即缺少足够的支持。故选A。] 4．What can we learn from the story? A．He who laughs last laughs best． B．Actions speak louder than words． C．Nothing is impossible to a kind heart． D．A good beginning makes a good ending． C　[主旨大意题。全文围绕 Edu 的善举展开 —— 从少年时期帮助他人到实现开设流浪动物收容所的梦想，核心体现“善良之心驱动行动，最终成就可能”。选项 C“对善良的心来说，没有什么不可能”贴合故事主旨，故选C。] B (2025·四川宜宾三模) At a Berlin trade fair for sustainability，a new gadget (小物件) caught Waltraud Berg's eye—a solar panel small enough to be simply installed on the side of a balcony to feed energy produced by the sun directly into her home． “I was absolutely thrilled to learn that such a thing even existed，that you can generate your own power and be more independent，”said Ms．Berg，a retiree who installed several panels on the balcony of her Berlin apartment by herself． Each lightweight panel produces only enough electricity to charge a laptop or run a small refrigerator．But in homes across Germany，they are powering a quiet transformation，bringing the green revolution into the hands of people without requiring them to make a large investment，find an electrician or use heavy tools． Over 500，000 of the systems have already been set up across Germany，and new laws that relaxed rules around solar panel installation have contributed to a boom in use． “We are seeing a continuous increase in solar installations in particular，”said Klaus Müller，president of the agency．“Compared to the total capacity at the end of 2023，almost 10 percent more solar capacity was added．Of that，two-thirds was installed on buildings，which includes balcony systems．” “Some of the solar panels sold in Germany are made by European companies，but most are produced in China，”said Nicholas，an analyst with Rystad Energy．“Small-scale panels have benefited from the same economies of scale that China's solar manufacturing system has at its disposal．” “We are seeing more diversity，more older people and more women，”said Christian，founder of an enterprise that promotes small-scale solar use．A growing user group is young people with families，who are concerned about climate change． “They say they want to make a contribution，”Mr Christian said．“Even if it amounts to savings of less than 100 a year，they will gladly take it because it's for the next generation．” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种太阳能板在德国的普及情况、生产情况以及用户群体等。 5．What is the main advantage of the new gadget? A．Lower cost．　 B．Quick charge． C．Easy installation． D．High energy output． C　[细节理解题。根据第一段“a solar panel small enough to be simply installed on the side of a balcony to feed energy produced by the sun directly into her home”可知，这种新设备的主要优点是安装方便。故选C。] 6．How does the author highlight the popularity of the solar panels? A．By listing figures． B．By presenting ideas． C．By analyzing causes． D．By showing examples． A　[推理判断题。第四段“Over 500，000 of the systems”和第五段“10 percent more solar capacity”“two-thirds”等具体数据，直接体现太阳能板的普及程度。作者通过列数字的方式量化趋势，增强说服力。选项 A 精准概括论证手法，故选A。] 7．What is young people's attitude to the new trend? A．Neutral． B．Favorable． C．Opposing． D．Indifferent． B　[推理判断题。倒数第二段指出年轻家庭“concerned about climate change”，末段提到他们“gladly take it”并认为是“for the next generation”。由此可见，年轻人对该趋势持支持态度。选项 B“Favorable(赞成的)”符合情感倾向，故选B。] 8．What does the case of balcony solar panels mirror? A．Traditional power demand is declining． B．Small solutions push big sustainability． C．Policy support contributes to the transition． D．The supply of solar panels is the key factor． B　[推理判断题。第三段强调小型太阳能板通过“quiet transformation”让普通人参与绿色革命，无须大规模投入即可推动可持续发展。这一案例体现小举措促成大变革的逻辑。选项 B“Small solutions push big sustainability”(小方案推动大可持续性)精准提炼核心寓意，故选B。] 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $