14 专题三 策略四 利用逻辑关系，化解七选五（课件PPT）-【高考快车道】2026年高考英语大二轮专题复习与策略

策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 专题三　阅读七选五 1 一篇文章往往是一个整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。行文离不开逻辑关系，一篇没有逻辑的文章只能是一盘散沙。逻辑关系主要包括：并列关系、转折或对比关系、类比关系、递进关系、例证关系、因果关系、解释关系和总分关系等。 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 利用并列、递进关系解题 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 【典例1】 (2024·全国甲卷·片段) Control emotional(情绪的) eating．　39　 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness，loneliness，or boredom．But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions，you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 A．Eat properly throughout the day． B．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger． C．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work． D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat． E．Instead，surround yourself with healthy choices． F．For many of us，moderation means eating less than we do now． G．That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 第一步：根据设空位置判断设空处为段中句，且为细节句； 第二步：根据下文“also”判定设空处与下文为递进关系，故两句主语应保持一致，故锁定选项B、D、F； 第三步：根据本段主旨句与下文内容可推断正确答案。 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 根据本段首句“Control emotional eating(控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness，loneliness，or boredom．(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议不要情绪化地暴饮暴食，要健康饮食。B项引出下文有些人通过暴饮暴食发泄情绪，衔接自然，符合语境。 自主解答：B 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 利用类比、转折或对比关系解题 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 【典例2】 (2024·全国甲卷·片段) What is moderation(适度)? Basically，it means eating only as much food as your body needs．You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal，but not too full．　36　 But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 A．Eat properly throughout the day． B．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger． C．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work． D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat． E．Instead，surround yourself with healthy choices． F．For many of us，moderation means eating less than we do now． G．That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 第一步：根据设空位置判断设空处为段中句，且为过渡句； 第二步：根据下文“But”判定设空处与下文为转折关系； 第三步：根据本段主旨句与下文内容可推断正确答案。 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 空后句子句意为“但那并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物”；由此可推断，设空处所表达的内容与此相反，即“告别喜欢的食物”，再结合本段主题句“What is moderation？”推测下文应是对这个问题的回答。F项“For many of us，moderation means eating less than we do now．(对我们中的许多人来说，适度意味着比现在吃得少)”承上启下，既回答了主题句提出的问题，又与下文内容形成了转折关系，符合语境。 自主解答：F 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 例证是指某句话是为了证明另一句话所阐述的观点而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。 利用解释、例证关系解题 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 【典例3】 There are three main types of cryptography．　37　 For example，the first letters of“My elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden message“Meet me”． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book． B．In any language，some letters are used more than others． C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message． D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them． E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out． F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words． G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 第一步：根据设空位置判断设空处为段中句，且为细节句； 第二步：根据空后标志词语“For example”可判断，设空处与空后内容为例证关系； 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 第三步：根据本段主旨句和下文内容可推断正确答案。 空前句说密码学有三种主要形式，空后句举例说明密码学的形式，空后的“the first letters”，“spell out”，“the hidden message”分别对应E项中的“the first letters”，“spell it out”，“hide a message”。 自主解答：E 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 因果关系是指前后句有着原因和结果的关系，这种关系往往说明了前因后果或前果后因的情况。 利用因果关系解题 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 【典例4】 (2025·全国一卷·片段) Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time．　38　“I do so because I like to make coffee for the students．I know they need it in the morning，”Murphy said．Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is．She believes she is here to serve． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 A．The cafe closes at 9 pm every day． B．She has two children aged eight and four． C．Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early． D．After finishing an order，she calls out the name on the cup． E．Not only does this cafe serve up drinks，it also serves up smiles． F．Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class． G．She has served here for 17 years and can't imagine working anywhere else． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 第一步：根据设空位置判断设空处为段中句，且为细节句； 第二步：根据下文“I do so because...”判断设空处与空后内容为因果关系； 第三步：根据上下文内容可推断正确答案。 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 根据上文可知，本段主要介绍Murphy的通勤习惯。下文解释原因(我这么做是因为我喜欢为学生们制作咖啡)，由此可推断出，设空处与早起提供服务相关。选项C“Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early．”中的“arrives early”补充了“get to work on time”之外的主动性，“serve the students early”呼应“like to make coffee for the students”，展现其敬业精神。 自主解答：C 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 随堂演练　迁移应用 A (2025·山东济南一模) We all know that first impressions are important and that they are lasting．That's why we work hard to make great first impressions．　1　. 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 23 First impressions might overshadow your abilities．When you are hired in an organization，a set of inferences are made about you．Making inferences is human nature．If you become known for your attention to details，you may never be seen as someone who can see the big picture．If you are the person who organizes all of the birthday celebrations，you may never be seen as management material．　2　. 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 First impressions can stamp you forever，often pre-determining the path of your career and how far you will be able to advance your career．These perceptions paint a picture of who people think you are．　3　 This，in large part，is why your careers are held back，why you become frustrated，dissatisfied and even want to leave the present position． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 But it doesn't have to come to that if you can unlock hidden aspects of your value．Talk about what you are reading or a project you are working on at home with coworkers and your manager when appropriate．This can demonstrate other skills you possess．Embrace (接受) new things and become knowledgeable about your company and industry．　4　 Volunteer in your company．It is a good way to give yourself the opportunity for others to see you in a way that is outside of your defined role． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 　5　 As people get to know you better，they will recognize your diverse interests and capabilities，potentially opening new doors for career advancement． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 A．Here are some useful suggestions for you． B．Arm yourself with as much knowledge as possible． C．Thus，you can contribute in fresh and unexpected ways． D．It is often extremely difficult for people to change them． E．Whatever labels，they prevent people from seeing your other capacities． F．Nevertheless，the same first impressions can block our career progress． G．By expanding your knowledge and network，you can reshape others'perceptions． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了第一印象对职业生涯的影响，以及如何通过展示多样化的能力和兴趣来改变他人对自己的看法，从而推动职业发展。 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 1．F　[上文说明第一印象的重要性以及人们为留下好印象所做的努力。空处和前文构成转折关系，引出下文关于第一印象对职业生涯不利影响的论述。所以F项符合语境。故选F。] 2．E　[上文通过举例说明第一印象给人带来的固定看法。空处总结上文，说明这些看法带来的负面影响。所以E项符合语境。故选E。] 3．D　[上文说明第一印象对职业发展的影响以及形成的看法。空处承接上文，进一步说明改变这些看法的难度。所以D项中的“them”指代前文中的“These perceptions”。故选D。] 4．C　[上下文强调要不断学习新知识。空处说明这样做的好处，并引出下文中的内容。所以C项符合语境。故选C。] 5．G　[下文说明人们对自己有更好的了解后带来的积极影响。空处引出下文，提出改变他人看法的建议。所以G项“By expanding your knowledge and network，you can reshape others'perceptions．(通过扩展你的知识和人脉，你可以重塑他人的看法)”符合语境，统领全段。] B (2025·山西临汾二模) Having trouble concentrating? Tired even after enough sleep？...They are common signs that you need moments of solitude (独处)．　1　．Now let's dig into why solitude boosts your mental health． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 It allows you to know yourself We observe social expectations and rules when we're around others，even if we're not consciously doing so．　2　．The more alone time you give yourself，the more you become comfortable with your own company．When fully focused on yourself，you can work toward being the person you want to be and what you want to achieve． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 You can recharge One of the main signs that you need alone time is being short-tempered．　3　．It puts the nervous system in a“low-arousal”state，which allows“us”to feel calm and unbothered．Investing in yourself and doing things you like will improve your mood and lead your stress levels to go down． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 　4　. When you spend time alone，you are more aware of what people around you bring to the table．Those who regularly participate in solitude know what they can offer themselves．This helps them identify what they want and need from other people．They can make better decisions about their boundaries and the health of their relationships． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 Kindly note：Solitude doesn't mean that we don't have to socialize and keep connected with others．Be it friends or families，after all，all of them can offer emotional support during our tough times and motivate us to become a better version of ourselves．　5　． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 A．It is normal to enjoy being alone B．Your connections are more meaningful C．Solitude offers a chance to get refreshed D．Recharging helps drop all the burden we carry E．Solitude is spending time alone without feeling lonely F．Learning to enjoy solitude is what we are supposed to do G．Giving yourself time away from the pressure allows you to be yourself 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了独处对心理健康有益的原因及相关注意事项。 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 1．E　[上文指出出现这些状况表明需要独处，下文引出对独处益处的探讨。E项对独处进行定义解释，承接上文提到的独处话题，又自然引出下文对独处益处的讨论，符合语境。故选E。] 2．G　[上文表明和他人相处时会受外界约束，下文强调了独处能让人适应自我陪伴。G项承上启下，解释了因为和他人相处有压力，所以需要独处来做自己，符合语境。故选G。] 3．C　[上文指出脾气暴躁是需要独处的一种表现，下文说明了独处带来的好处。“脾气暴躁”意味着需要恢复精力，“恢复精力”与下文使神经系统处于低唤醒状态、感到平静相呼应。C项承上启下，符合语境。故选C。] 4．B　[根据下文可知，该段主要讲了独处能让人更清楚人际关系，使关系更有意义。B选项作为小标题，能概括该段内容，符合语境。故选B。] 5．F　[上文说明朋友和家人的支持以及独处的好处。F选项强调要学会享受独处，与上文内容相呼应，符合语境。故选F。] C (2025·江西萍乡二模) In today's fast-paced world where stress levels are on the rise，practicing mindfulness has emerged as an effective strategy to help you feel calm．Interestingly，daily activities like crafting can be transformed into mindful exercises．　1　 Craft activities，such as painting and writing，have long been done to feel peaceful．If you'd like to introduce mindful craft into your life，here's how to get started． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 Pick your moment．If you're new to mindfulness practices，it's easier to begin when you're not feeling worked up or stressed．Choose a time when you feel relatively calm and try to pace yourself．Stop the activity before you get bored or distracted．　2　 By doing so，you'll find it easier to stay focused． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 　3　 Ensure that you are in a warm and comfortable environment and have all the necessary materials at hand，which will help you avoid unnecessary interruptions．It could be beneficial to inform your family that you desire some personal time，during which you can put distractions aside，including devices like your mobile phone． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 Use your senses．While crafting，it is essential that you use your senses．That might mean enjoying the feel of the wool in your hands as you knit，delighting in the vivid colors of your paint，or listening to the sound your crafting makes．　4　 Specifically，notice touch，sensation，colors，patterns and any other sensory detail． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 When you fully focus on crafting，it is no longer just about making things，but becomes a way to find inner peace．It turns into quiet time where your mind stays peaceful．In these simple creative moments，you can find calm and joy．　5　. 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 A．Set the scene． B．Plan the time． C．Also，pick calm moments for crafting joy． D．This works because crafting requires focused attention． E．Focus your attention on every detail of the experience as you craft． F．Moreover，take a minute to be in the present moment before you restart． G．Start crafting today，and discover its power to bring peace to your mind． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在快节奏且压力上升的当下，将手工制作转变为正念练习能让人平静，并给出了开展正念手工制作的具体方法。 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 1．D　[上文指出手工制作可成为正念练习。D项解释了为什么手工制作能成为正念练习，与上文构成因果关系，说明了原因。故选D。] 2．F　[上文强调选择平静时刻及合理安排活动时间。F项进一步补充说明在重新开始活动前要专注当下，与上文在时间安排和专注方面的话题一致，是对上文内容的补充。故选F。] 3．A　[下文围绕手工制作的环境和准备材料等场景布置方面展开。A项能概括下文内容，与下文逻辑紧密，点明了这部分内容的主题。故选A。] 4．E　[上文强调使用感官，下文进一步说明要关注的感官细节。E项起到承上启下的作用，既承接上文使用感官，又引出下文对细节的关注。故选E。] 5．G　[上文阐述了专注手工制作能带来内心平静和快乐。G项基于上文内容，呼吁人们开始手工制作以感受其带来的平静力量，与上文在内容和情感上相呼应。故选G。] D (2025·广东茂名二模) Stressful situations can't be avoided in daily life．You're getting ready to meet someone for a first date．　1　 Or worst-case scenario (情况)，you're facing an emergency．Your hands start to shake，your heart races，and your mind floods with negative thoughts． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 It's common for the body's natural“fight-or-flight”response to kick in，and it may be hard to react the way you would otherwise like to under pressure．　2　 When the next high-stress situation arises，you are better prepared． One technique is to exercise the heart rate variability，or HRV，which is the way in which a person's heart rate goes up and down and constantly varies．Having a higher HRV is a sign that your nervous system is healthy．　3　. 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 Be aware that your reaction to stress is not abnormal．When a person starts to feel the sensations of stress，thoughts such as“I can't do this”or panic begin to happen．But when you're mindful that these reactions are normal，you can use that awareness to your advantage． 　4　 Experts recommend breathing in normally through the nose for four seconds and breathing out — as if you are gently blowing out a candle — for six seconds to help the body get to the best state． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 Ultimately，it is important to remember that stress is unavoidable，especially when emergencies happen．　5　 It keeps our nervous systems prepared to respond when we need to，and to go back to a state of calm when things are OK and there's no threat in the environment． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 A．A little bit of stress is good for us． B．But you can train the mind and body． C．You have difficulty breathing normally． D．It is important to stay calm in an emergency． E．You're standing up to speak in front of a crowd． F．Reminding yourself to take slower breaths is also important． G．And your heart can adapt better to daily challenges and stressors． 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了面对压力大情境时，通过心率变异性训练、正念及呼吸技巧等方法帮助身体达到最佳状态，从而更好地应对压力。 随堂演练 策略四　利用逻辑关系，化解七选五 1．E　[上文“Stressful situations can't be avoided in daily life．You're getting ready to meet someone for a first date．”及下文“Or worst-case scenario，you're facing an emergency．”说明生活中会面临各种有压力的情况，设空处应列举一种有压力的情况，与上下文相呼应，E项是一种会让人感到压力的情况，与上下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选E。] 2．B　[上文“It's common for the body's natural‘fight-or-flight'response to kick in，and it may be hard to react the way you would otherwise like to under pressure．”摆明了问题；下文“When the next high-stress situation arises，you are better prepared．”呈现结果。空处承上启下，应说明提前准备的方法。形成“问题——解决——结果”的逻辑。故选B。] 3．G　[上文说明锻炼心率变异性对神经系统有好处。空处应说明具体的好处是什么。G项进一步说明锻炼心率变异性的好处，与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选G。] 4．F　[下文说明专家建议通过特定的呼吸方式来帮助身体达到最佳状态，该段主要讲的是通过呼吸来应对压力。F项与下文相呼应，说明放慢呼吸的重要性，引出下文的专家建议。] 5．A　[上文“Ultimately，it is important to remember that stress is unavoidable，especially when emergencies happen．”说明压力是不可避免的，空处应说明压力的好处，引出下文“It keeps our nervous systems prepared to respond when we need to，and to go back to a state of calm when things are OK and there's no threat in the environment．”。A项承上启下，符合语境。故选A。] 谢 谢！ Lavf58.20.100 $