Unit 1 Past and present 完形填空10篇（单元话题：时代变迁）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（新教材译林版）

Unit 1 Past and present 完形填空10篇 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 时代变迁 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Green City has made great 1 in recent years. Thanks to the hard work of city 2 and pioneering designers, the city now has a beautiful 3 with trees and flowers. It has become a key example for other cities. 4 the new park opened, many tourists have come to visit. The park is very 5 , so people can walk comfortably. There are rows of flowers along the way. In the past, the road here was 6 when it rained, but now it is clean and tidy. The city also encourages green 7 . For example, a lot of people now use 8 bikes and cars. This is good for the environment. A 9 from a newspaper wrote about this change recently. She said she had 10 fallen in love with the city. 1．A．development B．award C．creativity D．transport 2．A．citizens B．reporters C．villagers D．planners 3．A．greenway B．line C．row D．theme park 4．A．Since B．Yet C．Already D．Certainly 5．A．wide B．electric C．hopeful D．recent 6．A．excellent B．muddy C．key D．public 7．A．transport B．creativity C．tourism D．development 8．A．electric B．pioneering C．world-famous D．educational 9．A．reporter B．citizen C．villager D．planner 10．A．certainly B．recently C．already D．yet My classmate Tom tells me about his life. His family moved to a new flat last year. They 1 in a small old house before. The house was small and there was not a 2 room for him to study. Now their flat is very big and beautiful. His father 3 to go to work by bike, but now he goes by car. The streets are wider and cleaner than before. There are many trees and flowers on both sides. People are much 4 than before. Tom says he often 5 with his parents in the park now. They enjoy the fresh air and sunshine. But he also says the environment is not as good as before. There is 6 pollution than before. Our government 7 many new schools and hospitals. People’s lives are 8 better. We should 9 action to protect the environment. We should try to make our hometown 10 and more beautiful. 1．A．live B．lived C．lives D．have lived 2．A．quiet B．small C．dirty D．free 3．A．use B．uses C．used D．using 4．A．happy B．happier C．happiest D．the happiest 5．A．play B．plays C．played D．is playing 6．A．much B．many C．more D．little 7．A．build B．built C．builds D．has built 8．A．very B．quite C．much D．too 9．A．take B．make C．do D．give 10．A．clean B．cleaner C．cleanest D．the cleanest Ecotourism (生态旅游) has become popular in recent years. Many villages in China have developed ecotourism to improve local life. Lushan Village is a good example. Forty years ago, Lushan Village was a poor place. People made a living by farming and fishing. The roads were narrow and there were no 21 facilities. Few visitors came here. Most young people left the village to find jobs in cities. Things began to change in 2010. The local government realized the village’s potential (潜力) in nature and culture. They decided to develop ecotourism. First, they 22 the roads and built clean public toilets. Then, they encouraged villagers to turn their old houses into guest houses. Farmers started to grow organic (有机的) vegetables and fruits, which could be 23 to visitors. Over the past 13 years, Lushan Village 24 greatly. Now it has wide roads, beautiful gardens and comfortable guest houses. Every year, thousands of visitors come here to enjoy the fresh air, climb mountains and experience rural life. Young people have returned to work in the village—some run cafes, some work as tour guides, and others manage guest houses. The development of ecotourism has brought many 25 . Villagers’ income has increased a lot. They can now 26 better education and medical care for their families. The village has also become more 27 . People take pride in their hometown and work hard to protect the 28 . “I 29 here since I was born. I have seen the village change from a poor place to a popular tourist spot. I’m glad that we can live a 30 life by protecting nature,” said an old villager. 1．A．tourist B．traffic C．school D．hospital 2．A．built B．widened C．found D．left 3．A．sold B．bought C．borrowed D．lent 4．A．changes B．changed C．has changed D．will change 5．A．problems B．benefits C．risks D．troubles 6．A．look for B．wait for C．ask for D．pay for 7．A．famous B．dangerous C．quiet D．boring 8．A．nature B．cities C．schools D．hospitals 9．A．live B．lived C．have lived D．will live 10．A．sad B．angry C．worried D．happy I’m an American and I’m an English teacher in Beijing. I’ve 1 here for more than thirty years. It’s possible 2 me to stay here all my life. I remember when I first came to Beijing, I saw old houses 3 . The roads were narrow. Usually a big family 4 together in a small house. But now the roads are 5 and people’s living conditions have improved a lot. 6 some changes seem not to be so good. 7 , in front of our buildings, there were several rows of tall trees with a long history. However, to 8 the road wide, people cut them down. What a 9 ! My parents live in New York, and I go home every other year. But every time I 10 there for a few days, I begin to miss my home in Beijing. Beijing has been my second home. 1．A．worked B．arrived C．come D．learned 2．A．of B．for C．with D．at 3．A．anywhere B．somewhere C．everywhere D．nowhere 4．A．ate B．played C．lived D．studied 5．A．wide B．clean C．dirty D．safe 6．A．However B．But C．So D．Since 7．A．Of course B．At times C．For example D．Such as 8．A．show B．make C．see D．dig 9．A．pleasure B．surprise C．change D．pity 10．A．stay B．wait C．stand D．leave Shenzhen is a modern city in the south of China. It has changed a lot in the past forty years. In the past, people lived in small houses and traveled by bike or bus. The streets were 1 and dirty. Now, there are many tall buildings and wide roads. People take the 2 or high-speed trains. It is very 3 . Shenzhen is at the 4 of China’s modern industry. Many 5 companies are here. New 6 has changed people’s life. People can 7 a living easily. The city is 8 all over the world. Many people 9 in love with it. It is a great place to live and work. I am 10 to live here. 1．A．clean B．narrow C．wide D．big 2．A．underground B．bike C．car D．ship 3．A．convenient B．slow C．difficult D．expensive 4．A．front B．heart C．back D．side 5．A．high-tech B．small C．old D．slow 6．A．technology B．food C．clothes D．books 7．A．make B．take C．give D．get 8．A．world-famous B．little-known C．small D．old 9．A．fall B．fell C．falls D．fallen 10．A．happy B．sad C．angry D．tired 阅读下面一篇短文，理解大意，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Last Saturday, my parents and I went to the village to visit my grandparents. In fact, I 1 going there in the past. The village was 2 small and dirty. Many people think the air in the village is usually 3 than that in the city. However, the same was not true of my grandparents’ village 4 there was an old paper factory (工厂). As a result, the air there was even worse. This was not the most important reason (原因) that I didn’t want to go to my grandparents’ 5 . The true reason was that the life there was so boring that I had 6 interesting to do. But last Saturday, I was happy to see everything 7 . The old paper factory closed down and there is a new one. It’s said that it has the newest sewage treatment system (污水处理系统) in our country. It 8 so well that the air is a lot cleaner. What’s more, there is a new 9 . It’s big and beautiful. The villagers often go there to take a walk. For them, it’s a good place to 10 . Now my grandparents’ village is better and the villagers’ life is more colorful than before! 1．A．hated B．enjoyed C．finished D．kept 2．A．luckily B．quietly C．truly D．hardly 3．A．worse B．colder C．drier D．fresher 4．A．because B．though C．if D．but 5．A．town B．farm C．village D．office 6．A．anything B．nothing C．everything D．something 7．A．interesting B．necessary C．important D．different 8．A．looks B．works C．grows D．acts 9．A．hospital B．school C．park D．bank 10．A．relax B．win C．sleep D．fight Eliza’s parents were going to Italy for business. “What will you do while we are away?” asked her 1 . “I’d love to go with you,” Eliza said. “We wish you could, 2 it would be too busy for you. Remember the football camp you talked about? Will you 3 your friend Cindy there?” Dad asked. Eliza looked down. “I’m 4 and not good at sports. I’m afraid others will 5 me if I play badly.” “I know you feel 6 about new places,” Dad said gently. “But remember, you are better than you think. Just give it a try.” Eliza thought for a while. “Maybe it’s not a bad 7 . At least Cindy will be there.” At the camp, Eliza met Cindy and they talked 8 . On the first day, the coach asked them to choose team leaders. To Eliza’s 9 , her teammates chose her! They started by 10 the ball to each other. The next day, they 11 harder skills. Eliza was surprised to find she could finish the tasks quickly. When her teammates got tired, she cheered 12 up. With her help, everyone 13 fast. At the end of the camp, a shy girl named Annie came to Eliza. “Thank you,” she said. “Your 14 made me feel confident.” Eliza smiled. “I was nervous too! But we did it together.” She realized that courage isn’t about not being afraid; it’s about facing fears and 15 others along the way. 1．A．mum B．dad C．teacher D．coach 2．A．so B．or C．but D．and 3．A．join B．miss C．leave D．beat 4．A．brave B．shy C．strong D．lazy 5．A．laugh at B．listen to C．look for D．care about 6．A．happy B．worried C．safe D．lucky 7．A．idea B．joke C．dream D．mistake 8．A．sadly B．angrily C．happily D．quietly 9．A．joy B．surprise C．anger D．fear 10．A．throwing B．passing C．kicking D．holding 11．A．practiced B．watched C．discussed D．forgot 12．A．him B．her C．them D．us 13．A．returned B．improved C．stopped D．waited 14．A．story B．support C．plan D．excuse 15．A．helping B．pushing C．teaching D．leading 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It was the first day we moved into our new building on a new street. I broke Grandma’s 1 , the one Mum loved best, when I was trying to get a clean plate from the boxes. Mum was very 2 . “Why couldn’t you wait for me to help? I can’t believe you broke this!” she 3 . “Well, I can’t believe we have to 4 here now, either! And you didn’t even pick me up after class on my first day at the new 5 !” I said quickly. I tried to put the broken pieces together, 6 this bowl would never look the same again. I went downstairs to 7 out the pieces as Mum told me to. At the hall, I met Mr. Sato, our new 8 . “Are you sure you want to throw that out?” he asked, pointing at the bowl. “It’s 9 ,” I looked down at the ground. “This is all my fault (过错).” “Things break, Benjamin. That isn’t 10 fault. Besides, this is a simple repair. Come, I’ll show you 11 to do that.” In my neighbor’s home, Mrs. Sato made me a sandwich. Mr. Sato laid (摆放) the broken pieces out like a jigsaw puzzle (拼图) and began to rebuild the bowl with a special paint 12 . I helped to find each piece. When our puzzle was over, the bowl was together again. That taught me a 13 lesson of never giving up. “This needs to dry. 14 here on Saturday, and we’ll finish it,” Mr. Sato smiled. “Now you can make a fresh 15 in this new street, just like this bowl, and create connections with your neighbors.” “Yes, thanks for your help,” I nodded my head. 1．A．bowl B．plate C．glass D．fan 2．A．glad B．excited C．bored D．angry 3．A．introduced B．cried C．smiled D．joked 4．A．study B．work C．live D．meet 5．A．hospital B．park C．school D．hotel 6．A．and B．but C．so D．because 7．A．throw B．find C．point D．check 8．A．teacher B．neighbor C．doctor D．director 9．A．perfect B．strange C．broken D．wonderful 10．A．her B．my C．his D．your 11．A．why B．when C．where D．how 12．A．carefully B．surprisedly C．impolitely D．politely 13．A．meaningful B．popular C．public D．difficult 14．A．Come out B．Come back C．Hang out D．Call back 15．A．task B．dream C．start D．breath 重难语篇练习 It is reported that there were only 9.02 million newborn babies in China in 2023, and the population growth rate (率) is -1.48‰. China has one of the 1 populations in the world, but its birth rate has continued to go 2 in recent years. This has drawn a great deal of 3 . Then what will be the influence of a falling birth rate? First, it will lead to an aging population. China’s elderly population is growing fast as people live longer and the birth rate falls. This will 4 more problems to the government and society. The government needs to put in more money to meet the medical, old-age care and 5 needs of the elderly, which will lead to more pressure. 6 , the aging population will also lead to labor shortages (劳动力短缺), 7 may have influence on China’s economic (经济的) growth. Second, it will make a 8 to families. In a traditional Chinese family, children are the 9 of family. However, this idea is 10 now. More and more people prefer to have 11 children, and some even don’t want to have children. This will influence the stability (稳定) of families. Finally, it will influence the development of our society, especially education and employment (就业). 12 the population falls, schools and businesses will be short of talent. This could lead to increased competition in the 13 and job markets and influence the stability of society and China’s cultural, social and economic development. Now the government and society should take 14 to deal with this problem, such as encouraging childbirth, improving the welfare (福利) of children and the elderly, and improving education and the job market. 15 in this way can social development and stability be guaranteed (保障). 1．A．larger B．largest C．most D．more 2．A．up B．by C．down D．off 3．A．attention B．problems C．trouble D．damage 4．A．bring B．take C．get D．fetch 5．A．another B．the other C．other D．others 6．A．Besides B．In fact C．However D．Instead 7．A．which B．that C．who D．what 8．A．decision B．difference C．role D．survey 9．A．happiness B．support C．dream D．hope 10．A．making B．thinking C．changing D．coming 11．A．few B．fewer C．little D．less 12．A．While B．Since C．Whether D．If 13．A．education B．employment C．welfare D．society 14．A．action B．part C．place D．care 15．A．Actually B．Just C．Only D．Finally Luke lived with his grandma during the last summer holidays. He was curious about everything in his grandma’s house. One 1 he stole into the store room where his grandma kept her valuable collections. He knew she did not like anyone to touch her treasures, 2 her cup for skating. Luke walked around on tiptoe and felt the treasures one after another with excitement. He found the cup wasn’t there. “Where is it?” he thought to himself. He raised his head and found it! 3 it was at the top of a shelf, he wanted to feel the cup again. With the help of a ladder, Luke reached the cup. It was much heavier than it seemed. Luke 4 the cup and tried to get it down. While 5 down, Luke’s elbow struck against the ladder. He lost his balance and fell down to the ground heavily. The 6 cup slipped out of his hands and broke into two halves. Luke was too nervous to feel the 7 . He stood up quickly and felt heartbroken. He picked up the broken pieces with his shaking hands, put them back on the 8 and left the store room quickly. Grandma was watching TV in the living room. Luke went into his bedroom quietly so that his grandma wouldn’t 9 him. That night was so 10 . He tossed and turned in bed. He couldn’t fall asleep till midnight. He woke up and looked at the clock many times. Time seemed to go much slower. Early in the morning, Luke knocked on grandma’s door with 11 . Grandma hugged Luke thoughtfully and said, “That cup was 12 to me when I was only ten years old. I won the first prize in my 13 competition.” Luke followed grandma to the store room. “I’m really sorry, grandma.” Luke said 14 . With a smile, grandma took down the broken glass cup and used glue to stick the broken pieces together. The cup was repaired miraculously! She continued, “When I was young, I once messed my uncle’s priceless painting. I was not as 15 as you. I didn’t tell the truth at first. It made me feel upset day and night. After a week’s struggle, I admitted my fault to my uncle. That was the most unforgettable moment. I think it is honesty that matters more than mistakes.” 1．A．night B．noon C．morning D．afternoon 2．A．totally B．probably C．especially D．simply 3．A．Though B．Before C．Unless D．Since 4．A．lifted B．chose C．hung D．designed 5．A．jumping B．putting C．climbing D．looking 6．A．gold B．glass C．wood D．plastic 7．A．stress B．pain C．action D．sickness 8．A．bench B．table C．ground D．shelf 9．A．understand B．excuse C．mind D．notice 10．A．dark B．quiet C．cold D．long 11．A．joy B．trust C．courage D．wisdom 12．A．presented B．passed C．donated D．brought 13．A．painting B．skating C．first D．last 14．A．sadly B．rudely C．noisily D．angrily 15．A．generous B．careful C．lively D．brave 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Past and present 完形填空10篇 内容导航 单元话题 基础语篇练习 重难语篇练习 单元话题聚焦 时代变迁 基础语篇练习 稳扎稳打 必拿分数：聚焦稳拿分数题目，确保基础分值 重难语篇练习 突破瓶颈 争夺高分：聚焦高难度题目，争夺关键分数 基础语篇练习 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Green City has made great 1 in recent years. Thanks to the hard work of city 2 and pioneering designers, the city now has a beautiful 3 with trees and flowers. It has become a key example for other cities. 4 the new park opened, many tourists have come to visit. The park is very 5 , so people can walk comfortably. There are rows of flowers along the way. In the past, the road here was 6 when it rained, but now it is clean and tidy. The city also encourages green 7 . For example, a lot of people now use 8 bikes and cars. This is good for the environment. A 9 from a newspaper wrote about this change recently. She said she had 10 fallen in love with the city. 1．A．development B．award C．creativity D．transport 2．A．citizens B．reporters C．villagers D．planners 3．A．greenway B．line C．row D．theme park 4．A．Since B．Yet C．Already D．Certainly 5．A．wide B．electric C．hopeful D．recent 6．A．excellent B．muddy C．key D．public 7．A．transport B．creativity C．tourism D．development 8．A．electric B．pioneering C．world-famous D．educational 9．A．reporter B．citizen C．villager D．planner 10．A．certainly B．recently C．already D．yet 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文通过介绍Green City近年来的积极变化。 1．句意：Green City近年来取得了巨大发展。 development发展；award奖项；creativity创造力；transport交通。根据“It has become a key example for other cities.”可知城市取得了巨大发展。故选A。 2．句意：多亏了城市规划者和富有创新精神的设计师们的辛勤努力，这座城市如今拥有了一个美丽的主题公园，里面绿树成荫、繁花似锦。 citizens市民；reporters记者；villagers村民；planners规划者。根据“city ... and pioneering designers”可推出是城市规划者，与“designers”并列。故选D。 3．句意：多亏了城市规划者和富有创新精神的设计师们的辛勤努力，这座城市如今拥有了一个美丽的主题公园，里面绿树成荫、繁花似锦。 greenway绿道；line线；row排；theme park主题公园。根据“the new park opened”可知是有了一个公园。故选D。 4．句意：自从新公园开放以来，许多游客前来参观。 Since自从……以来；Yet然而；Already已经；Certainly当然。根据“many tourists have come to visit”可知主句是现在完成时，从句用Since。故选A。 5．句意：这个公园非常宽阔，人们可以舒适地行走。 wide宽阔的；electric电动的；hopeful有希望的；recent最近的。根据“so people can walk comfortably”可知人们能在宽阔的公园里舒适地行走。故选A。 6．句意：过去这里下雨时路面总是泥泞不堪，但现在却干净整洁了。 excellent极好的；muddy泥泞的；key关键的；public公共的。与后文“now it is clean and tidy”形成对比，“muddy”准确描述雨天路况。故选B。 7．句意：该市还鼓励绿色交通。 transport交通；creativity创造力；tourism旅游业；development发展。前文提到“For example, a lot of people now use ... bikes and cars.”，说明城市鼓励绿色交通。故选A。 8．句意：例如，许多人现在使用电动自行车和汽车。 electric电动的；pioneering先锋的；world-famous世界闻名的；educational教育的。根据“This is good for the environment.”可知此处列举有利于环境的出行方式，由此推出应是使用电动自行车和汽车。故选A。 9．句意：一位来自报社的记者最近撰文报道了这一变化。 reporter记者；citizen市民；villager村民；planner规划者。根据“from a newspaper wrote about this change recently”可知是来自报社的记者。故选A。 10．句意：她说她已经爱上了这座城市。 certainly当然；recently最近；already已经；yet还（用于否定或疑问）。根据“She said she had ... fallen in love with the city.”可知此处表示已经爱上，肯定句中用already。故选C。 My classmate Tom tells me about his life. His family moved to a new flat last year. They 1 in a small old house before. The house was small and there was not a 2 room for him to study. Now their flat is very big and beautiful. His father 3 to go to work by bike, but now he goes by car. The streets are wider and cleaner than before. There are many trees and flowers on both sides. People are much 4 than before. Tom says he often 5 with his parents in the park now. They enjoy the fresh air and sunshine. But he also says the environment is not as good as before. There is 6 pollution than before. Our government 7 many new schools and hospitals. People’s lives are 8 better. We should 9 action to protect the environment. We should try to make our hometown 10 and more beautiful. 1．A．live B．lived C．lives D．have lived 2．A．quiet B．small C．dirty D．free 3．A．use B．uses C．used D．using 4．A．happy B．happier C．happiest D．the happiest 5．A．play B．plays C．played D．is playing 6．A．much B．many C．more D．little 7．A．build B．built C．builds D．has built 8．A．very B．quite C．much D．too 9．A．take B．make C．do D．give 10．A．clean B．cleaner C．cleanest D．the cleanest 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了Tom一家搬入新公寓后的生活变化，包括居住环境、交通方式、城市建设和环境保护等方面。 1．句意：他们以前住在一座小旧房子里。 live居住，动词原形；lived居住，过去式和过去分词；lives居住，动词第三人称单数形式；have lived已经居住，现在完成时。根据“before”可知，此处描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故选B。 2．句意：房子很小，没有安静的房间供他学习。 quiet安静的；small小的；dirty肮脏的；free自由的。根据“The house was small and there was not a...room for him to study”可知，房子很小，所以Tom没有安静的学习空间。故选A。 3．句意：他的爸爸过去骑自行车上班，但现在他开车去。 use使用，动词原形；uses使用，动词第三人称单数形式；used使用，过去式和过去分词；using使用，现在分词和动名词。根据“His father...to go to work by bike, but now he goes by car.”可知，此处是过去和现在情况的对比，应用used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”。故选C。 4．句意：人们比以前幸福多了。 happy幸福的，原级；happier更幸福的，比较级；happiest最幸福的，最高级；the happiest最幸福的，最高级。根据“than”可知，空处应用比较级。故选B。 5．句意：Tom说他现在经常和父母在公园里玩。 play玩，动词原形；plays玩，动词第三人称单数形式；played玩，过去式和过去分词；is playing正在玩，现在进行时。根据“often”可知，此处描述经常性动作，应用一般现在时，主语“he”是第三人称单数，动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 6．句意：污染比以前多了。 much大量的，原级，修饰不可数名词；many大量的，原级，修饰可数名词复数形式；more更多的，比较级；little几乎没有，原级。根据“than”可知，空处应用比较级。故选C。 7．句意：我们的政府已经建造了许多新的学校和医院。 build建造，动词原形；built建造，过去式和过去分词；builds建造，动词第三人称单数形式；has built已经建造，现在完成时。根据“Our government...many new schools and hospitals.”可知，此处描述政府过去采取的行动（建学校和医院）对现在造成的影响或结果（现在有很多新的学校和医院），应用现在完成时。故选D。 8．句意：人们的生活好多了。 very非常；quite相当；much……得多；too也。better是比较级，选项中只有much可以修饰比较级。故选C。 9．句意：我们应该采取行动保护环境。 take采取；make制作；do做；give给予。take action意为“采取行动”，为固定搭配。故选A。 10．句意：我们应该努力让我们的家乡更干净、更美丽。 clean干净的，原级；cleaner更干净的，比较级；cleanest最干净的，最高级；the cleanest最干净的，最高级。空处与比较级“more beautiful”是并列关系，所以空处应该用比较级。故选B。 Ecotourism (生态旅游) has become popular in recent years. Many villages in China have developed ecotourism to improve local life. Lushan Village is a good example. Forty years ago, Lushan Village was a poor place. People made a living by farming and fishing. The roads were narrow and there were no 21 facilities. Few visitors came here. Most young people left the village to find jobs in cities. Things began to change in 2010. The local government realized the village’s potential (潜力) in nature and culture. They decided to develop ecotourism. First, they 22 the roads and built clean public toilets. Then, they encouraged villagers to turn their old houses into guest houses. Farmers started to grow organic (有机的) vegetables and fruits, which could be 23 to visitors. Over the past 13 years, Lushan Village 24 greatly. Now it has wide roads, beautiful gardens and comfortable guest houses. Every year, thousands of visitors come here to enjoy the fresh air, climb mountains and experience rural life. Young people have returned to work in the village—some run cafes, some work as tour guides, and others manage guest houses. The development of ecotourism has brought many 25 . Villagers’ income has increased a lot. They can now 26 better education and medical care for their families. The village has also become more 27 . People take pride in their hometown and work hard to protect the 28 . “I 29 here since I was born. I have seen the village change from a poor place to a popular tourist spot. I’m glad that we can live a 30 life by protecting nature,” said an old villager. 1．A．tourist B．traffic C．school D．hospital 2．A．built B．widened C．found D．left 3．A．sold B．bought C．borrowed D．lent 4．A．changes B．changed C．has changed D．will change 5．A．problems B．benefits C．risks D．troubles 6．A．look for B．wait for C．ask for D．pay for 7．A．famous B．dangerous C．quiet D．boring 8．A．nature B．cities C．schools D．hospitals 9．A．live B．lived C．have lived D．will live 10．A．sad B．angry C．worried D．happy 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国庐山村通过发展生态旅游，从贫穷落后的村庄变成受欢迎的旅游胜地，村民生活、村庄环境都发生巨大积极变化的故事。 1．句意：道路很窄，也没有旅游设施。 tourist游客，旅游的；traffic交通；school学校；hospital医院。根据“Many villages in China have developed ecotourism”以及后文发展旅游接待游客可知，此处指没有旅游相关设施。故选A。 2．句意：首先，他们拓宽了道路，修建了干净的公共厕所。 built建造；widened拓宽；found发现；left离开。根据“The roads were narrow”可知，原来道路狭窄，所以此处是拓宽道路。故选B。 3．句意：农民开始种植有机蔬菜和水果，这些可以卖给游客。 sold卖；bought买；borrowed借入；lent借出。根据“Farmers started to grow organic vegetables and fruits”以及游客来旅游的语境可知，农产品是被卖给游客，空前有could be，此处用被动sold。故选A。 4．句意：在过去13年里，庐山村发生了巨大变化。 changes变化（第三人称单数）；changed改变（过去式）；has changed已经改变（现在完成时）；will change将会改变。根据“Over the past 13 years”可知，此处 用现在完成时态，其结构是“have/has +过去分词”。故选C。 5．句意：生态旅游的发展带来了很多好处。 problems问题；benefits益处，好处；risks风险；troubles麻烦。根据“Villagers’ income has increased a lot”可知，村民收入提高，这是带来的好处。故选B。 6．句意：他们现在可以为家人支付更好的教育和医疗费用。 look for寻找；wait for等待；ask for请求；pay for支付。根据“better education and medical care”可知，此处指为教育和医疗付费。故选D。 7．句意：这个村庄也变得更有名了。 famous著名的；dangerous危险的；quiet安静的；boring无聊的。根据“thousands of visitors come here”以及“a popular tourist spot”可知，村庄变得有名。故选A。 8．句意：人们为家乡感到自豪，并努力保护自然。 nature自然；cities城市；schools学校；hospitals医院。根据“ecotourism（生态旅游）”以及“by protecting nature”可知，此处是保护自然。故选A。 9．句意：我从出生起就住在这里。 live居住（原形）；lived居住（过去式）；have lived已经居住（现在完成时）；will live将要居住。根据“since I was born”可知，此处用现在完成时态，其结构是“have/has +过去分词”。故选C。 10．句意：我很高兴我们可以通过保护自然过上幸福的生活。 sad难过的；angry生气的；worried担心的；happy幸福的，开心的。根据村庄从贫穷变富裕、生活变好可知，此处是过上幸福生活。故选D。 I’m an American and I’m an English teacher in Beijing. I’ve 1 here for more than thirty years. It’s possible 2 me to stay here all my life. I remember when I first came to Beijing, I saw old houses 3 . The roads were narrow. Usually a big family 4 together in a small house. But now the roads are 5 and people’s living conditions have improved a lot. 6 some changes seem not to be so good. 7 , in front of our buildings, there were several rows of tall trees with a long history. However, to 8 the road wide, people cut them down. What a 9 ! My parents live in New York, and I go home every other year. But every time I 10 there for a few days, I begin to miss my home in Beijing. Beijing has been my second home. 1．A．worked B．arrived C．come D．learned 2．A．of B．for C．with D．at 3．A．anywhere B．somewhere C．everywhere D．nowhere 4．A．ate B．played C．lived D．studied 5．A．wide B．clean C．dirty D．safe 6．A．However B．But C．So D．Since 7．A．Of course B．At times C．For example D．Such as 8．A．show B．make C．see D．dig 9．A．pleasure B．surprise C．change D．pity 10．A．stay B．wait C．stand D．leave 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文主要是讲述了北京的变化。 1．句意：我已经在这里工作了三十多年了。 worked工作；arrived到达；come来；learned学习。根据“I’m an American and I’m an English teacher in Beijing.”可知此处应是说作者在北京工作了三十多年，故选A。 2．句意：我有可能一辈子都待在这里。 of……的；for为了；with和……一起；at在。根据“It’s possible…me to stay here all my life.”可知此处应是It’s+adj.+for sb+to do sth“对某人来说做某事是……的”，故要用for，故选B。 3．句意：我记得我第一次来北京时，我到处能看见老房子。 anywhere任何地方；somewhere某个地方；everywhere到处；nowhere没有地方。根据“I saw old houses…”可知应是到处都能看见老房子，故选C。 4．句意：通常一大家人一起住在一个小房子里。 ate吃；played玩；lived住；studied学习。根据“Usually a big family…together in a small house.”可知应是一大家人一起住在一个小房子里，故选C。 5．句意：但是现在街道是宽阔的，人们的生活条件已经改善了很多。 wide宽阔的；clean干净的；dirty脏的；safe安全的。根据“The roads were narrow”以及“But now the roads are…”可知前面说街道狭窄，but表转折，故此处应是说街道宽阔，故选A。 6．句意：但是一些改变似乎不是很好。 However然而；But但是；So所以；Since自从。根据“But now the roads are…and people’s living conditions have improved a lot.”以及“…some changes seem not to be so good.”可知空前说的是一些好的改变，空后说有些改变不好，故是转折关系，故要用but，故选B。 7．句意：例如，在我们的大楼前，以前有几排历史悠久的高大树木。 Of course当然；At times有时；For example例如，后面加句子；Such as例如，后面加单词或短语。根据“…some changes seem not to be so good.…, in front of our buildings, there were several rows of tall trees with a long history.”可知此处是列举了一个不好的改变的例子，故选C。 8．句意：然而，为了让道路变宽，人们砍掉了它们。 show展示；make制作，让；see看见；dig挖。根据“However, to…the road wide, people cut them down.”以及“The roads were narrow.”可知是为了让道路变宽，故选B。 9．句意：多遗憾啊！ pleasure愉快；surprise惊喜；change改变；pity遗憾。根据“…, in front of our buildings, there were several rows of tall trees with a long history. However, to…the road wide, people cut them down.”可知把历史悠久的树砍掉，是一种遗憾，故选D。 10．句意：但是我每次在那待一些天，我开始想念我在北京的家。 stay待在；wait等待；stand站；leave离开。根据“My parents live in New York, and I go home every other year.”可知应是待在那里，故选A。 Shenzhen is a modern city in the south of China. It has changed a lot in the past forty years. In the past, people lived in small houses and traveled by bike or bus. The streets were 1 and dirty. Now, there are many tall buildings and wide roads. People take the 2 or high-speed trains. It is very 3 . Shenzhen is at the 4 of China’s modern industry. Many 5 companies are here. New 6 has changed people’s life. People can 7 a living easily. The city is 8 all over the world. Many people 9 in love with it. It is a great place to live and work. I am 10 to live here. 1．A．clean B．narrow C．wide D．big 2．A．underground B．bike C．car D．ship 3．A．convenient B．slow C．difficult D．expensive 4．A．front B．heart C．back D．side 5．A．high-tech B．small C．old D．slow 6．A．technology B．food C．clothes D．books 7．A．make B．take C．give D．get 8．A．world-famous B．little-known C．small D．old 9．A．fall B．fell C．falls D．fallen 10．A．happy B．sad C．angry D．tired 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．A 8．A 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了深圳在过去四十年里的巨大变化，从过去落后的小城变成了现代化大都市，交通便利、科技发达、闻名世界，人们生活幸福，都很喜爱这座城市。 1．句意：街道狭窄且肮脏。 clean干净的；narrow窄的；wide宽的；big大的。根据“The streets were ... and dirty. Now, there are many tall buildings and wide roads.”可知，现在道路宽阔，说明过去街道狭窄。故选B。 2．句意：人们乘坐地铁或高铁。 underground地铁；bike自行车；car汽车；ship船。根据“or high-speed trains”可知，此处应是与高铁同类的交通工具，结合选项，underground“地铁”符合语境。故选A。 3．句意：它非常方便。 convenient方便的；slow慢的；difficult困难的；expensive昂贵的。根据“People take the ... or high-speed trains.”可知，人们乘坐地铁或高铁出行，说明交通很方便。故选A。 4．句意：深圳处于中国现代工业的中心。 front前面；heart中心；back后面；side边。根据“Shenzhen is at the ... of China’s modern industry.”以及常识可知，深圳是中国现代工业的重要城市，可推测此处说的是深圳处于中国现代工业的中心，at the heart of“在……中心”。故选B。 5．句意：许多高科技公司在这里。 high-tech高科技的；small小的；old老的；slow慢的。根据“Shenzhen is at the ... of China’s modern industry.”可知，深圳处于中国现代工业的中心，所以这里应该是有许多高科技公司。故选A。 6．句意：新科技改变了人们的生活。 technology科技；food食物；clothes衣服；books书。根据“Many ... companies are here.”可知，这里有许多高科技公司，所以可推测是新科技改变了人们的生活。故选A。 7．句意：人们能够轻松谋生。 make制作；take拿走；give给；get得到。根据“New ... has changed people’s life.”可知，新科技改变了人们的生活，所以人们能够轻松谋生，make a living“谋生”，固定短语。故选A。 8．句意：这座城市闻名世界。 world-famous世界闻名的；little-known鲜为人知的；small小的；old老的。根据“Many people ... in love with it.”可知，许多人爱上了这座城市，所以可推测这座城市是闻名世界的。故选A。 9．句意：许多人爱上了它。 fall落下，动词原形；fell落下，过去式；falls落下，三单形式；fallen落下，过去分词。根据“The city is ... all over the world.”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语为“Many people”，所以此处应用动词原形fall，fall in love with“爱上”。故选A。 10．句意：我很开心住在这里。 happy开心的；sad伤心的；angry生气的；tired累的。根据“It is a great place to live and work.”可知，这是一个生活和工作的好地方，所以可推测作者住在这里很开心。故选A。 阅读下面一篇短文，理解大意，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Last Saturday, my parents and I went to the village to visit my grandparents. In fact, I 1 going there in the past. The village was 2 small and dirty. Many people think the air in the village is usually 3 than that in the city. However, the same was not true of my grandparents’ village 4 there was an old paper factory (工厂). As a result, the air there was even worse. This was not the most important reason (原因) that I didn’t want to go to my grandparents’ 5 . The true reason was that the life there was so boring that I had 6 interesting to do. But last Saturday, I was happy to see everything 7 . The old paper factory closed down and there is a new one. It’s said that it has the newest sewage treatment system (污水处理系统) in our country. It 8 so well that the air is a lot cleaner. What’s more, there is a new 9 . It’s big and beautiful. The villagers often go there to take a walk. For them, it’s a good place to 10 . Now my grandparents’ village is better and the villagers’ life is more colorful than before! 1．A．hated B．enjoyed C．finished D．kept 2．A．luckily B．quietly C．truly D．hardly 3．A．worse B．colder C．drier D．fresher 4．A．because B．though C．if D．but 5．A．town B．farm C．village D．office 6．A．anything B．nothing C．everything D．something 7．A．interesting B．necessary C．important D．different 8．A．looks B．works C．grows D．acts 9．A．hospital B．school C．park D．bank 10．A．relax B．win C．sleep D．fight 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章通过描写作者去村子不同的情感变化，展现出村子的变化。 1．句意：事实上，我过去讨厌去那里。 hated讨厌；enjoyed享受；finished完成；kept保持。根据“The village was...small and dirty.”可知，作者过去讨厌去小村庄，故选A。 2．句意：这个村庄真是又小又脏。 luckily幸运地；quietly安静地；truly真正地；hardly几乎不。根据“small and dirty”可知，此处副词修饰“又小又脏”，truly符合，故选C。 3．句意：许多人认为农村的空气通常比城市的清新。 worse更糟糕的；colder更冷的；drier更干燥的；fresher更新鲜的。根据“the air in the village is usually...than that in the city.”可知，农村的空气通常比城市的清新。故选D。 4．句意：然而，我祖父母的村庄却并非如此，因为那里有一家旧造纸厂。 because因为；though尽管；if如果；but但是。根据“the same was not true of my grandparents’ village...there was an old paper factory (工厂)”可知，后句是前句的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句，故选A。 5．句意：这并不是我不想去爷爷奶奶的村子的最重要的原因。 town小镇；farm农场；village村庄；office办公室。根据上文“Last Saturday, my parents and I went to the village to visit my grandparents.”可知，是指爷爷奶奶所在的村子，故选C。 6．句意：真正的原因是那里的生活太无聊了，我没有什么有趣的事情可做。 anything任何事；nothing没什么；everything一切；something某事。根据“the life there was so boring”可知，那里的生活很无聊，所以是没有什么有趣的事情可以做，故选B。 7．句意：但上周六，我很高兴看到一切都不一样了。 interesting有趣的；necessary有必要的；important重要的；different不同的。根据“I was happy to see everything”和下文“The old paper factory closed down and there is a new one”可知，作者很开心原来的造纸厂关闭了，说明有不同的事情发生了，故选D。 8．句意：它工作得很好，空气更干净了。 looks看起来；works工作；grows生长；acts表演。根据“It’s said that it has the newest sewage treatment system (污水处理系统) in our country.”可知，污水处理系统工作得很好，故选B。 9．句意：更重要的是，有一个新的公园。 hospital医院；school学校；park公园；bank银行。根据“The villagers often go there to take a walk.”可知，去散步的地方是公园，故选C。 10．句意：对他们来说，这是一个放松的好地方。 relax放松；win赢得；sleep睡觉；fight打架。根据“It’s big and beautiful. The villagers often go there to take a walk.”可知，村民们喜欢去公园放松，故选A。 Eliza’s parents were going to Italy for business. “What will you do while we are away?” asked her 1 . “I’d love to go with you,” Eliza said. “We wish you could, 2 it would be too busy for you. Remember the football camp you talked about? Will you 3 your friend Cindy there?” Dad asked. Eliza looked down. “I’m 4 and not good at sports. I’m afraid others will 5 me if I play badly.” “I know you feel 6 about new places,” Dad said gently. “But remember, you are better than you think. Just give it a try.” Eliza thought for a while. “Maybe it’s not a bad 7 . At least Cindy will be there.” At the camp, Eliza met Cindy and they talked 8 . On the first day, the coach asked them to choose team leaders. To Eliza’s 9 , her teammates chose her! They started by 10 the ball to each other. The next day, they 11 harder skills. Eliza was surprised to find she could finish the tasks quickly. When her teammates got tired, she cheered 12 up. With her help, everyone 13 fast. At the end of the camp, a shy girl named Annie came to Eliza. “Thank you,” she said. “Your 14 made me feel confident.” Eliza smiled. “I was nervous too! But we did it together.” She realized that courage isn’t about not being afraid; it’s about facing fears and 15 others along the way. 1．A．mum B．dad C．teacher D．coach 2．A．so B．or C．but D．and 3．A．join B．miss C．leave D．beat 4．A．brave B．shy C．strong D．lazy 5．A．laugh at B．listen to C．look for D．care about 6．A．happy B．worried C．safe D．lucky 7．A．idea B．joke C．dream D．mistake 8．A．sadly B．angrily C．happily D．quietly 9．A．joy B．surprise C．anger D．fear 10．A．throwing B．passing C．kicking D．holding 11．A．practiced B．watched C．discussed D．forgot 12．A．him B．her C．them D．us 13．A．returned B．improved C．stopped D．waited 14．A．story B．support C．plan D．excuse 15．A．helping B．pushing C．teaching D．leading 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文讲述了害羞的伊莱扎在父母的鼓励下去参加足球训练营，从胆怯到帮助他人，最终克服恐惧并收获成长的故事。 1．句意：“我们不在的时候你要做什么？” 她的爸爸问道。 mum妈妈；dad爸爸；teacher老师；coach教练。根据“Dad asked”可知，此处是爸爸在问话。故选B。 2．句意：我们希望你能去，但是对你来说会太忙了。 so因此；or否则；but但是；and并且。前后句为转折关系，希望伊莱扎能去，但是这样伊莱扎会太忙碌。用转折连词but。故选C。 3．句意：你会和你的朋友辛迪一起去那里吗？ join加入；miss想念；leave离开；beat打败。根据“Remember the football camp you talked about?”可知，此处表示和朋友一起参加足球夏令营。故选A。 4．句意：我很害羞而且不擅长运动。 brave勇敢的；shy害羞的；strong强壮的；lazy懒惰的。根据“I’m afraid others will laugh at me if I play badly.”可知，伊莱扎害怕表现不好被嘲笑，由此可看出伊莱扎是害羞的。故选B。 5．句意：我担心如果我踢得不好别人会嘲笑我。 laugh at嘲笑；listen to听；look for寻找；care about关心。根据“I play badly.”可知，伊莱扎害怕自己表现差，担心被嘲笑。故选A。 6．句意：“我知道你对新地方感到担心，”爸爸温和地说道。 happy开心的；worried担心的；safe安全的；lucky幸运的。根据“I’m afraid others will laugh at me if I play badly.”可知，伊莱扎害怕去新环境、怕被嘲笑，内心是担忧的。故选B。 7．句意：也许这并不是一个糟糕的主意。 idea主意，想法；joke玩笑；dream梦想；mistake错误。根据“Remember the football camp you talked about? Will you join your friend Cindy there?”可知，爸爸建议她去夏令营，她觉得这个想法不错。故选A。 8．句意：在夏令营，伊莱扎遇到了辛迪，她们开心地聊天。 sadly难过地；angrily生气地；happily开心地；quietly安静地。根据“Will you join your friend Cindy there?”可知，见到朋友应该是愉快地交谈。故选C。 9．句意：令伊莱扎惊讶的是，她的队友选了她！ joy快乐；surprise惊讶；anger生气；fear害怕。根据“I’m shy and not good at sports. I’m afraid others will laugh at me if I play badly.”可知，伊莱扎原本害羞且不自信，被选为队长是意外的事。故选B。 10．句意：她们先互相传球。 throwing扔；passing传递；kicking踢；holding握住。根据“Remember the football camp you talked about?”可知，足球训练中队员之间要互相传球。pass the ball“传球”，为固定搭配。故选B。 11．句意：第二天，她们练习更难的技巧。 practiced练习；watched观看；discussed讨论；forgot忘记。根据“harder skills”可知，此处指在足球夏令营里练习技巧。故选A。 12．句意：当她的队友累了时，她为她们加油。 him他；her她；them他们；us我们。根据“When her teammates got tired”可知，此处指代前面的“teammates”，是复数，作宾语用them，指为队友她们加油。故选C。 13．句意：在她的帮助下，每个人都进步很快。 returned返回；improved提高，进步；stopped停止；waited等待。根据“With her help”可知，在帮助下，大家的球技会得到提高。故选B。 14．句意：你的支持让我感到自信。 story故事；support支持；plan计划；excuse借口。根据“When her teammates got tired, she cheered them up. With her help, everyone improved fast.”可知，伊莱扎鼓励队友、帮助大家，是给予了支持。故选B。 15．句意：她意识到，勇气并非意味着不感到害怕；而是指要勇敢面对恐惧，并在这一过程中帮助他人。 helping帮助；pushing推；teaching教；leading带领。根据“When her teammates got tired, she cheered them up. With her help, everyone improved fast.”和“Your support made me feel confident.”可知，伊莱扎一直在帮助支持队友。故选A。 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It was the first day we moved into our new building on a new street. I broke Grandma’s 1 , the one Mum loved best, when I was trying to get a clean plate from the boxes. Mum was very 2 . “Why couldn’t you wait for me to help? I can’t believe you broke this!” she 3 . “Well, I can’t believe we have to 4 here now, either! And you didn’t even pick me up after class on my first day at the new 5 !” I said quickly. I tried to put the broken pieces together, 6 this bowl would never look the same again. I went downstairs to 7 out the pieces as Mum told me to. At the hall, I met Mr. Sato, our new 8 . “Are you sure you want to throw that out?” he asked, pointing at the bowl. “It’s 9 ,” I looked down at the ground. “This is all my fault (过错).” “Things break, Benjamin. That isn’t 10 fault. Besides, this is a simple repair. Come, I’ll show you 11 to do that.” In my neighbor’s home, Mrs. Sato made me a sandwich. Mr. Sato laid (摆放) the broken pieces out like a jigsaw puzzle (拼图) and began to rebuild the bowl with a special paint 12 . I helped to find each piece. When our puzzle was over, the bowl was together again. That taught me a 13 lesson of never giving up. “This needs to dry. 14 here on Saturday, and we’ll finish it,” Mr. Sato smiled. “Now you can make a fresh 15 in this new street, just like this bowl, and create connections with your neighbors.” “Yes, thanks for your help,” I nodded my head. 1．A．bowl B．plate C．glass D．fan 2．A．glad B．excited C．bored D．angry 3．A．introduced B．cried C．smiled D．joked 4．A．study B．work C．live D．meet 5．A．hospital B．park C．school D．hotel 6．A．and B．but C．so D．because 7．A．throw B．find C．point D．check 8．A．teacher B．neighbor C．doctor D．director 9．A．perfect B．strange C．broken D．wonderful 10．A．her B．my C．his D．your 11．A．why B．when C．where D．how 12．A．carefully B．surprisedly C．impolitely D．politely 13．A．meaningful B．popular C．public D．difficult 14．A．Come out B．Come back C．Hang out D．Call back 15．A．task B．dream C．start D．breath 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．D 12．A 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者搬入新家第一天不小心打碎了奶奶的碗，妈妈很生气，作者也很委屈，后来新邻居佐藤先生帮助修复了碗，并鼓励作者在新环境中重新开始，与邻居建立联系。 1．句意：当我试图从箱子里拿一个干净的盘子时，我打碎了奶奶的碗，那是妈妈最喜欢的。 bowl碗；plate盘子；glass玻璃杯；fan扇子。根据下文“this bowl would never look the same again”可知，此处指打碎了奶奶的碗。故选A。 2．句意：妈妈非常生气。 glad高兴的；excited兴奋的；bored无聊的；angry生气的。根据下文“I can’t believe you broke this!”可知，妈妈很生气。故选D。 3．句意：“你为什么不能等我帮你呢？真不敢相信你把它打碎了！”她喊道。 introduced介绍；cried喊，哭；smiled微笑；joked开玩笑。根据上文“I can’t believe you broke this!”可知，妈妈很生气，应该是喊道。故选B。 4．句意：好吧，我也不敢相信我们现在要住在这里了！ study学习；work工作；live居住；meet遇见。根据上文“It was the first day we moved into our new building on a new street.”可知，此处指要住在这里。故选C。 5．句意：而且在新学校的第一天，你甚至没有来接我！ hospital医院；park公园；school学校；hotel旅馆。根据“on my first day”以及“pick me up after class”可知，此处指在新学校的第一天。故选C。 6．句意：我试图把碎片拼在一起，但这个碗再也不会和以前一样了。 and和；but但是；so所以；because因为。根据“I tried to put the broken pieces together”以及“this bowl would never look the same again”可知，前后是转折关系，应用but。故选B。 7．句意：我按照妈妈说的下楼去扔碎片。 throw扔；find发现；point指向；check检查。根据下文“Are you sure you want to throw that out?”可知，此处指去扔碎片。故选A。 8．句意：在大厅里，我遇到了我们的新邻居佐藤先生。 teacher老师；neighbor邻居；doctor医生；director导演。根据下文“In my neighbor’s home”可知，佐藤先生是作者的新邻居。故选B。 9．句意：“它碎了，”我低头看着地面。 perfect完美的；strange奇怪的；broken破碎的；wonderful精彩的。根据上文“I tried to put the broken pieces together”可知，碗碎了。故选C。 10．句意：东西会坏，本杰明。那不是你的错。 her她的；my我的；his他的；your你的。根据上文“This is all my fault (过错).”可知，此处是佐藤先生安慰作者，说不是作者的错。故选D。 11．句意：来吧，我教你怎么做。 why为什么；when什么时候；where在哪里；how如何。根据“I’ll show you…to do that”可知，此处指教作者如何修复碗。故选D。 12．句意：佐藤先生把碎片像拼图一样摆好，然后用一种特殊的颜料小心地开始重建碗。 carefully仔细地；surprisedly惊讶地；impolitely不礼貌地；politely礼貌地。根据“began to rebuild the bowl with a special paint”可知，此处指小心地重建碗。故选A。 13．句意：这给我上了一堂有意义的永不放弃的课。 meaningful有意义的；popular受欢迎的；public公众的；difficult困难的。根据“lesson of never giving up”可知，永不放弃的课是有意义的。故选A。 14．句意：星期六回来，我们就完成了。 Come out出来；Come back回来；Hang out闲逛；Call back回电话。根据“This needs to dry.”以及“and we’ll finish it”可知，此处指星期六回来完成修复。故选B。 15．句意：现在你可以在这条新街上重新开始，就像这个碗一样，和你的邻居建立联系。 task任务；dream梦想；start开始；breath呼吸。根据“in this new street, just like this bowl, and create connections with your neighbors”可知，此处指重新开始。故选C。 重难语篇练习 It is reported that there were only 9.02 million newborn babies in China in 2023, and the population growth rate (率) is -1.48‰. China has one of the 1 populations in the world, but its birth rate has continued to go 2 in recent years. This has drawn a great deal of 3 . Then what will be the influence of a falling birth rate? First, it will lead to an aging population. China’s elderly population is growing fast as people live longer and the birth rate falls. This will 4 more problems to the government and society. The government needs to put in more money to meet the medical, old-age care and 5 needs of the elderly, which will lead to more pressure. 6 , the aging population will also lead to labor shortages (劳动力短缺), 7 may have influence on China’s economic (经济的) growth. Second, it will make a 8 to families. In a traditional Chinese family, children are the 9 of family. However, this idea is 10 now. More and more people prefer to have 11 children, and some even don’t want to have children. This will influence the stability (稳定) of families. Finally, it will influence the development of our society, especially education and employment (就业). 12 the population falls, schools and businesses will be short of talent. This could lead to increased competition in the 13 and job markets and influence the stability of society and China’s cultural, social and economic development. Now the government and society should take 14 to deal with this problem, such as encouraging childbirth, improving the welfare (福利) of children and the elderly, and improving education and the job market. 15 in this way can social development and stability be guaranteed (保障). 1．A．larger B．largest C．most D．more 2．A．up B．by C．down D．off 3．A．attention B．problems C．trouble D．damage 4．A．bring B．take C．get D．fetch 5．A．another B．the other C．other D．others 6．A．Besides B．In fact C．However D．Instead 7．A．which B．that C．who D．what 8．A．decision B．difference C．role D．survey 9．A．happiness B．support C．dream D．hope 10．A．making B．thinking C．changing D．coming 11．A．few B．fewer C．little D．less 12．A．While B．Since C．Whether D．If 13．A．education B．employment C．welfare D．society 14．A．action B．part C．place D．care 15．A．Actually B．Just C．Only D．Finally 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国是世界上人口最多的国家之一，但近年来出生率持续下降。文中提到出生率下降会带来的影响，并建议政府和社会应采取鼓励生育、改善儿童和老年人福利、改善教育和就业市场等措施来解决这一问题。 1．句意：中国是世界上人口最多的国家之一，但近年来出生率持续下降。 larger更大的；largest最大的；most最多的；more更多的。由常识可知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家之一。“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定结构，意为“最……的……之一”，形容人口数量最大用largest。故选B。 2．句意：中国是世界上人口最多的国家之一，但近年来出生率持续下降。 up向上；by通过；down向下；off离开。由下文“ a falling birth rate”可知出生率持续下降，go down下降，为固定短语。故选C。 3．句意：这已经吸引了大量的注意力。 attention注意力；problems问题；trouble麻烦；damage破坏。draw attention引起注意，为固定表达，而且该题为现在完成时，表示到现在为止，事情已经发生，B、C、D不符合语境。故选A。 4．句意：这会给政府和社会带来更多的问题。 bring带来；take带走；get得到；fetch去取。根据“This will…more problems to the government and society.”可知，人口老龄化会给社会和国家带来问题。bring意为“带来”，符合语境。故选A。 5．句意：政府需要投入更多的资金来满足医疗、养老和老年人的其他需求，这将导致更大的压力。 another又一个，后加单数可数名词；the other另一个，指两者中的另一个，或特指另外一些；other其他的，后跟可数名词复数；others其他人，要单独使用。空后为可数名词复数，other符合语境。故选C。 6．句意：此外人口老龄化还会导致劳动力短缺，这可能会影响中国的经济增长。 Besides而且；In fact事实上；However然而；Instead相反。根据下文“the aging population will also lead to labor shortages”可知，人口老龄化还会导致劳动力短缺，这是人口老龄化带来的另一个问题，besides意为“此外、而且”，符合语境。故选A。 7．句意：此外人口老龄化还会导致劳动力短缺，这可能会影响中国的经济增长。 which指物，引导非限制性定语从句，和主句用逗号隔开；that可指人或物，不能引导非限制性定语从句；who指人；what用于宾语从句等。空处与主句之间有逗号隔开，且关系词需要指代前面整个句子，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。 8．句意：其次，这将对家庭产生影响。 decision决定；difference不同；role角色；survey调查。 make a difference to sb./sth.意为“对某人/物产生影响”，为固定表达。故选B。 9．句意：在中国传统家庭中，孩子是家庭的希望。 happiness快乐；support支持；dream梦想；hope希望。根据“In a traditional Chinese family, children are the…of family.”可知，孩子是家庭的希望，hope符合语境。故选D。 10．句意：然而，这种想法现在正在改变。 making制作；thinking思考；changing改变；coming来。根据“However”以及“More and more people prefer to have fewer children, and some even don’t want to have children.”可知，此处表示转折，空处应是想法正在改变。changing符合语境。故选C。 11．句意：越来越多的人想要更少的孩子，有些人甚至不想要孩子。 few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；fewer更少的，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；less更少的，修饰不可数名词。空格后children为可数名词复数，fewer符合语境。故选B。 12．句意：如果人口下降，学校和企业将缺乏人才。 While当……时；Since自从；Whether是否；If如果。根据“the population falls, schools and businesses will be short of talent.”可知，前一句表示条件，如果人口下降，会导致后面的情况，应用If引导条件状语从句。故选D。 13．句意：这可能导致教育和就业市场竞争加剧，影响社会稳定和中国的文化、社会和经济发展。 education教育；employment雇用；welfare社会福利；society社会。由上文“Finally, it will influence the development of our society, especially education and employment.”可知，出生率的下降会影响社会的发展，尤其是教育和就业方面，故education符合语境。故选A。 14．句意：现在政府和社会应该采取行动来解决这个问题，比如鼓励生育、改善儿童和老年人的福利、改善教育和就业市场。 action行动；part角色；place地点；care关心。take action意为“采取行动”，为固定短语，符合语境。故选A。 15．句意：只有这样才能保证社会的发展和稳定。 Actually事实上；Just仅仅；Only只有；Finally最终。由下文“can social development and stability be guaranteed”可知，句子用了倒装结构，当“only+介词短语”置于句首时，句子要用倒装结构。表示“只有……才”。 故选C。 Luke lived with his grandma during the last summer holidays. He was curious about everything in his grandma’s house. One 1 he stole into the store room where his grandma kept her valuable collections. He knew she did not like anyone to touch her treasures, 2 her cup for skating. Luke walked around on tiptoe and felt the treasures one after another with excitement. He found the cup wasn’t there. “Where is it?” he thought to himself. He raised his head and found it! 3 it was at the top of a shelf, he wanted to feel the cup again. With the help of a ladder, Luke reached the cup. It was much heavier than it seemed. Luke 4 the cup and tried to get it down. While 5 down, Luke’s elbow struck against the ladder. He lost his balance and fell down to the ground heavily. The 6 cup slipped out of his hands and broke into two halves. Luke was too nervous to feel the 7 . He stood up quickly and felt heartbroken. He picked up the broken pieces with his shaking hands, put them back on the 8 and left the store room quickly. Grandma was watching TV in the living room. Luke went into his bedroom quietly so that his grandma wouldn’t 9 him. That night was so 10 . He tossed and turned in bed. He couldn’t fall asleep till midnight. He woke up and looked at the clock many times. Time seemed to go much slower. Early in the morning, Luke knocked on grandma’s door with 11 . Grandma hugged Luke thoughtfully and said, “That cup was 12 to me when I was only ten years old. I won the first prize in my 13 competition.” Luke followed grandma to the store room. “I’m really sorry, grandma.” Luke said 14 . With a smile, grandma took down the broken glass cup and used glue to stick the broken pieces together. The cup was repaired miraculously! She continued, “When I was young, I once messed my uncle’s priceless painting. I was not as 15 as you. I didn’t tell the truth at first. It made me feel upset day and night. After a week’s struggle, I admitted my fault to my uncle. That was the most unforgettable moment. I think it is honesty that matters more than mistakes.” 1．A．night B．noon C．morning D．afternoon 2．A．totally B．probably C．especially D．simply 3．A．Though B．Before C．Unless D．Since 4．A．lifted B．chose C．hung D．designed 5．A．jumping B．putting C．climbing D．looking 6．A．gold B．glass C．wood D．plastic 7．A．stress B．pain C．action D．sickness 8．A．bench B．table C．ground D．shelf 9．A．understand B．excuse C．mind D．notice 10．A．dark B．quiet C．cold D．long 11．A．joy B．trust C．courage D．wisdom 12．A．presented B．passed C．donated D．brought 13．A．painting B．skating C．first D．last 14．A．sadly B．rudely C．noisily D．angrily 15．A．generous B．careful C．lively D．brave 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．D 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Luke在暑假期间住在奶奶家，出于好奇进入储藏室，不小心打碎了奶奶珍贵的滑冰奖杯，经过内心挣扎后，最终鼓起勇气向奶奶承认错误，奶奶用宽容和理解教育了Luke诚实比错误更重要的故事。 1．句意：一天晚上，他偷偷溜进奶奶存放珍贵收藏品的储藏室。 night夜晚；noon中午；morning早晨；afternoon下午。根据后文“That night was so... He couldn’t fall asleep till midnight.”可知，是那天晚上。故选A。 2．句意：他知道她不喜欢任何人碰她的宝贝，尤其是她滑冰用的杯子。 totally完全地；probably可能地；especially尤其地；simply简单地。根据“she did not like anyone to touch her treasures”以及“her cup for skating”可知，奶奶尤其不喜欢别人碰她滑冰用的杯子，故选C。 3．句意：虽然它在架子上，但他想再摸摸杯子。 Though虽然；Before在……之前；Unless除非；Since由于。根据“it was at the top of a shelf”和“he wanted to feel the cup again”以及选项可知，前句与后句之间是让步关系，用though引导让步状语从句。故选A。 4．句意：Luke举起杯子，试图把它拿下来。 lifted举起；chose选择；hung悬挂；designed设计。根据“tried to get it down”可知，是先举起杯子再试图拿下来，故选A。 5．句意：在往下爬的时候，Luke的肘部撞到了梯子。 jumping跳跃；putting放置；climbing爬；looking看。根据上文“With the help of a ladder, Luke reached the cup”以及“down”可知，此处指往下爬梯子，故选C。 6．句意：玻璃杯从他手中滑落，摔成了两半。 gold金的；glass玻璃的；wood木制的；plastic塑料的。根据下文“grandma took down the broken glass cup”可知，杯子是玻璃的，故选B。 7．句意：Luke紧张得感觉不到疼痛。 stress压力；pain疼痛；action行动；sickness疾病。根据“He stood up quickly and felt heartbroken”可知，Luke紧张得顾不上疼痛，故选B。 8．句意：他用颤抖的双手捡起破碎的碎片，把它们放回架子上，然后迅速离开了储藏室。 bench长凳；table桌子；ground地面；shelf架子。根据上文“it was at the top of a shelf”以及“put them back”可知，是把碎片放回架子上，故选D。 9．句意：Luke悄悄地走进自己的卧室，以免奶奶注意到他。 understand理解；excuse原谅；mind介意；notice注意到。根据“Luke went into his bedroom quietly”可知，是不想让奶奶注意到，故选D。 10．句意：那天晚上太漫长了。 dark黑暗的；quiet安静的；cold寒冷的；long长的。根据“He tossed and turned in bed. He couldn’t fall asleep till midnight”可知，晚上很漫长，故选D。 11．句意：一大早，Luke鼓起勇气敲响了奶奶的门。 joy快乐；trust信任；courage勇气；wisdom智慧。根据前文Luke打碎了杯子很紧张，以及后文他向奶奶承认错误，可知此处是鼓起勇气，故选C。 12．句意：那个杯子是我十岁的时候送给我的。 presented赠送；passed通过；donated捐赠；brought带来。根据“I won the first prize”可知，杯子是作为奖品赠送的，故选A。 13．句意：我在滑冰比赛中获得了一等奖。 painting绘画；skating滑冰；first第一；last最后。根据上文“her cup for skating”可知，是在滑冰比赛中获得的奖杯，故选B。 14．句意：“我真的很抱歉，奶奶。”Luke伤心地说。 sadly伤心地；rudely粗鲁地；noisily吵闹地；angrily生气地。根据“I’m really sorry, grandma”可知，Luke很伤心，故选A。 15．句意：我没有你那么勇敢。 generous慷慨的；careful小心的；lively活泼的；brave勇敢的。根据“I didn’t tell the truth at first”以及后文奶奶鼓励Luke要诚实，可知奶奶说自己没有Luke勇敢，故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $