专题04 概要补全15篇（重庆专用）（中考真题+中考模拟）-2026年重庆中考英语总复习(语法+题型)(中考真题+联考模拟)

专题04 概要补全15篇 （重庆专用） 内容导航 内容速递 中考真题练习 中考模拟练习 内容速递 本资料共15篇专项训练 中考真题练习 聚焦真题 明确考点 各地市联考真题练习 专注模拟 争夺高分 中考真题练习 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过 3个词。 When you make a mistake or say something wrong, it’s easy to be hard on yourself. Then stress is caused. Feelings of anger, disappointment and sadness come along. That’s why such stress needs to be dealt with. Max, a 14-year-old boy, used to be very competitive and always felt stressed. Now he is learning to give himself care and kindness. When he doesn’t win or get the top marks, he talks to himself, “It’s OK not to be perfect.” He knows he always does his best and that is enough. What Max does is called self-compassion (自我和解). With self-compassion, you treat yourself kindly like a friend. It allows you to forgive (原谅) yourself when you mess up or fail. After feelings of guilt (愧疚) go away, you get more relaxed and you can think more clearly. This way self-compassion makes you move forward. Many studies have shown it is of great help. However, some disagree. They argue that self-compassion leads people to be less active. But Breines and Chen’s study had a different result. They gave students a difficult word test. The students were given the chance to study for a second test. They found those who were compassionate toward their failure spent more time preparing. Experts suggest that you should write a letter to yourself, describing the situation that causes your pain and accepting how you feel. Or you can do something you like to make yourself feel at peace. Suzy Reading, a psychologist (心理学家), suggests using a “gentle touch” like placing one or both hands on your heart, so you will feel safe and loved. Being hard on yourself causes stress. However, 1 . Self-compassion means being kind to yourself. With its help, you will have more relaxation and a clearer mind so that 2 . Some think differently, but a study shows that 3 . To practice self-compassion, some 4 are suggested by experts. 中考模拟真题练习 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Do you often put off your homework until the last minute? If so, you might be a procrastinator. Procrastination (拖延症) is a common problem for many students. It means putting off tasks that need to be done until later, even though you know it might cause trouble. So why do students procrastinate? Some tasks are too difficult, so students avoid them. Also, there are many distractions (分散注意力的事) around, like smartphones and social media, which make it easy to waste time. According to a recent study, students who don’t do their work on time often feel more stressed and worried. It causes them to have worse sleep quality and poor health. What’s more, when everything is left until the last minute, students have to work in a hurry. This often results in more mistakes and lower grades on average. Luckily, there are ways to fight procrastination. Experts suggest breaking down big tasks into smaller steps. This makes the work seem less scary and easier to start. You can set a clear deadline (截止期限) for each step. After you finish it, give yourself a small reward (奖励)—this can also help. Another useful tip is to create a study environment that is free from distractions. For example, you can turn off your phone or reduce screen time while studying. Besides, when your mind is fresh, doing the most challenging task first in the morning can increase productivity. By learning to manage time and tasks well, students can get over procrastination. This will not only lead to better grades but also reduce stress and create more free time for hobbies and relaxation. Procrastination is common among students for several reasons, including 1 . A study shows that 2 . To deal with procrastination, experts give 3 , such as breaking down big tasks and creating a study environment. If students are able to get over procrastination, 4 . 阅读文章，用恰当的句子或短语补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Times may have changed, but it’s still usual to see teenagers falling asleep during lessons. Why does this happen? One major reason is simple: many students just don’t get enough sleep. So, why are teens so short on sleep? Homework plays a big part. For most students, homework can take three to four hours every night. If a teen wants to join club activities, play sports, enjoy computer games, or watch TV, they often have to stay up late to finish everything. Besides, some take on after-school jobs to save money for college, help their families, or buy things they like, which also cuts into their sleep time. Physical problems can be another cause. Some students have trouble sleeping at night—a problem called insomnia (失眠). This can leave them tired and unable to stay awake in class, and sometimes they may even need to see a doctor. Sleeping in class can lead to serious problems. First, it’s against school rules and teachers don’t allow it. Also, other students might laugh at those who fall asleep. But the worst result is that sleeping students miss important knowledge. Over time, this can even cause them to fail their subjects. Since teenagers often find it hard to solve this problem on their own, sleeping in class is likely to remain common. Things will only improve when more teens learn how to balance school, work, and their personal lives. Finding that balance is the key to staying awake and learning well in class. Summary It is common for teenagers to fall asleep in class because of different reasons. One main cause is that 1 , since they have heavy homework and after-school activities. Besides, 2 like insomnia can also lead to sleepiness in class. Falling asleep in class brings serious results, the worst is they may 3 . To solve this problem, 4 . 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Emotions (情绪) play an important role in our daily life. Have you ever thought about why you feel happy after doing well on a test, or feel angry when someone cuts in line? These feelings affect how we think and what we do every day. Our emotions mainly come from our thoughts. Interestingly, different thoughts about the same situation can lead to completely different feelings. Sometimes, our brains create emotions without us even realizing it, just like how we jump when hearing a sudden loud noise. When an emotion appears, three changes happen. First, our bodies change—hearts beat faster when scared, tears come when sad, and smiles appear when happy. Second, our minds change—sadness brings sad memories while happiness brings happy memories to mind. Third, emotions make you take action. Anger may make us want to shout, and fear makes us want to run. Sometimes emotions can be confusing (疑惑) because some body signals look the same but they come from different feelings. For example, both anger and fear can make our hearts beat fast. To better understand our feelings, we need to notice our thoughts, body reactions (反应), and the things we would like to do. Learning to manage emotions is very useful. When feeling strong emotions, try to “name” them by saying “I’m feeling angry” or “This is fear”. Naming emotions makes them easier to handle (应付). Remember that all emotions are normal and they help us understand ourselves better. Emotions come from thoughts and affect daily life. They bring three changes —body changes, 1 and behavioral reactions. Sometimes 2 can make emotions confusing. To understand our feelings, we need to notice our thoughts, body reactions and 3 . Naming our emotions makes emotions easier to manage. All emotions are normal and they help us understand ourselves better. By understanding emotions, 4 . 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全摘要。补全部分总词数不超过30词。不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Lately, when looking through Chinese social media, you can’t miss the four Chinese characters “Ai Ni Lao Ji”. At first, it might look like an everyday greeting, but it’s actually a clever development. It borrows the structure of “Love you, Mom. See you tomorrow!” and simply exchanges “Mom” for “Lao Ji,” a playful word for “self.” In other words, it’s a warm reminder to love yourself. The reason why the simple pun (俏皮话) has become popular is that it fills an emotional gap (情感空白). In Chinese culture, people often find it hard to say “I love you”, even to themselves. Besides, we’re taught to care about others first. But in doing so, we sometimes forget to stop and ask ourselves, “Am I OK today?” Think about what you may have done. You stayed up until 3:00 a.m. finishing a group project, but the teacher checked for only thirty seconds and didn’t say anything like “Good job”. Maybe you smiled through a party, tried to please everyone, only to feel empty on the way home. Now, you can actually say “Ai Ni Lao Ji” to yourself. Psychologists call this self-compassion (自我同情), and research shows it lowers stress and leads to self-confidence. When we speak to ourselves with the same kindness we offer to a close friend, we go out of sadness faster and dare to try again. So, when life is busy next time, just say “Ai Ni Lao Ji”, enjoy your favorite milk tea, or give yourself a hug instead of buying expensive cars or bags, travelling around the world or enjoying a live show of a superstar. The world will still move forward, but you’ll be standing a little straighter at the center of it. Summary Recently, there is a famous phrase “Ai Ni Lao Ji” everywhere online. It’s a playful pun which reminds us 1 . It becomes popular because it fills the emotional gap. Since we grow up in Chinese culture, 2 . Psychologists see saying “Ai Ni Lao Ji” as self-compassion and find it can make us feel 3 . Also, it can make us happy and brave. So 4 when life is busy. Then you can be at the center of the world. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 The pursuit (追求) of happiness is a basic part of human life. Most of us believe that when life goes well, we should naturally feel happy. However, the truth is that many people who live comfortably still tend to (倾向) feel dissatisfied. This common problem mainly comes from our habit of thinking too much. When we overthink, we begin to keep making our expectations for happiness higher and compare our real life with perfect imaginary standards. We stop valuing what we already have and focus only on what’s missing. This habit actually destroys (破坏) our happy moments. It’s like looking at a tiny spot on a clean shirt and letting that small flaw (瑕疵) make us forget how nice the shirt really is. Let me give you another example. Imagine your friends plan a wonderful birthday party for you. Instead of simply enjoying it, you might start checking if everything meets your expectations. This is where our thinking makes the difference. You could choose to enjoy the moment and have fun with your friends. Or you might think, “This would be perfect only if all my friends were here.” Such thoughts will only bring disappointment (失望). But does this mean we should stop trying to be happy? Certainly not. What we need to do is learning to notice the beauty in imperfect things, for true happiness never comes without flaws. Most importantly, we should stop thinking that life is just preparation for future happiness. If we enjoy each moment, we can get real happiness. The pursuit of happiness is human nature, but many people feel dissatisfied even though 1 , mainly because overthinking makes them 2 and compare reality with perfect standards. Therefore, we should 3 , for true happiness is never without flaws. We should also enjoy every moment to gain true joy, instead of 4 . 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Many teenagers can hardly stay away from their phones, especially on weekends. They spend hours watching videos, checking messages and looking through social media. Although this seems relaxing, too much screen time actually brings them heavy stress. Ben, a 15-year-old teenager, felt very tired after a hard week of study. He tried to relax by using his phone, but soon he found himself spending six to seven hours a day on short videos, social media and games. After he got sick one day, a doctor suggested that he should put down his phone. Following the advice, Ben slowly began to feel better again. Actually, what the doctor advised is called a digital detox (电子去毒). That means taking a planned break from screens. Too much screen time keeps the mind from resting. Teenagers take in too much information online and keep comparing themselves with others’ “perfect” lives. At the same time, long hours spent on screens stop the body from relaxing. This non-stop activity makes stress build up quickly. However, some teenagers still think spending time on screens is the best way to relax. But studies by Harvard Medical School show a different result. It found that those who used screens for longer time produced less melatonin (褪黑素), the chemical that helps the body fall asleep. As a result, they rested worse. Therefore, experts suggest that after a busy week of study, teenagers need to relax and regain energy. They are supposed to put down screens, focus on real-life activities and get enough sleep so that they can truly rest and feel ready for a new week. Today, too much screen time may make teenagers stressed. To solve this problem, 1 . That means taking planned breaks from screens. Too much screen time keeps both their 2 busy and stops them from truly resting. Some teenagers disagree but studies show that the less melatonin the body produces, 3 . So, teenagers can truly relax by 4 , focusing on real life activities and getting enough sleep. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Life as a student can be full of pressure. You might feel stressed about exams, schoolwork or friendships. This stress can make you feel worried. Learning how to deal with this feeling is an important skill for everyone. Lisa, a 13-year-old student, used to feel very nervous before every test. But now, when she feels worried, she closes her eyes, breathes in slowly for four seconds, holds her breath for four seconds, and then breathes out slowly for six seconds. What Lisa does is called mindfulness (正念). You can pay attention to the present moment (当下) instead of worrying about the past or future. This way, you can face challenges with a calm heart. By paying attention to your breathing or the sounds around you, you can calm the busy thoughts in your head. Some people might think this is a waste of time. However, a university study shows that students who feel nervous before exams usually can’t get good grades. But when these students practice mindfulness for ten minutes every day, they do better. Why? Because they are not so worried about their exams anymore. Instead, they just try their best. So, how can you practice it? You can start by finding a quiet place to sit comfortably and focus on your breath. You can also listen to soft music or take a walk outside. Remember, it’s all about giving your busy brain a short, relaxing break. Stressful school life can make you worried. To deal with the feeling, you can 1 . It helps you focus on the present moment so that you can 2 in front of challenges. Some people think that it wastes time. However, a study shows that 3 with mindfulness. To practice mindfulness, there are some 4 to help you relax. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 How do you enjoy yourself when you’re alone? According to a study by John Dattilo from Pennsylvania State University, US, doing activities that need both concentration (注意力) and skill can help people deal with loneliness and enjoy being alone. Dattilo explained that when people are absorbed in (全神贯注于) what they are doing, they get into a state called “flow”. People can achieve the state by doing what they love wholeheartedly and using their skills at the same time. To achieve a state of flow, there must be a balance (平衡) between the challenge of the task and your skill level. For example, if you’re trying to create a computer program but your skill level is low, then you’re likely to feel stressed instead of achieving “flow”. Also, if the task is too easy, then boredom will set in and “flow” will not appear, either. If you are a pianist or a painter, for example, playing the piano or painting can lead to flow. So can things like skiing, writing and storytelling, depending on who you are. “When we enter a state of flow, we become absorbed, and we experience momentary enjoyment,” Dattilo said. “When we leave a state of flow, we are often surprised by how much time has passed.” However, watching television usually doesn’t help people get into flow, according to Dattilo, because there aren’t any challenges. Flow is a state that people get into when they 1 what they are doing. How do people achieve “flow”? They can do what they really love and use their skills at the same time. The task’s challenge should 2 . If the task is too hard, people may feel stressed. If the task is too easy, they may feel bored. How do people feel in the state of “flow”? They feel absorbed and enjoy it. They think time 3 . But something won’t help people get into “flow”. If there are 4 in an activity, such as watching TV, people won’t get into flow. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Handshakes are more than simple social actions. They also serve as a way to express ourselves. In fact, in different situations, we use handshakes in different ways. In daily life, a kind handshake brings respect, warmth and comfort to others. For example, when two hands meet, the touch is strong but friendly, and a small smile appears on both faces. This simple action can bring respect and take away coldness and discomfort. Even without words, shaking hands in a kind way can tell others we are quite friendly. However, in diplomacy (外交), a wise handshake shows something else. A meaningful example comes from the 1954 Geneva Conference (会议). After Premier Zhou-Enlai shook hands with the US representative (代表), the American took off his glove, cleaned his hand with a handkerchief (手帕) and put it away. Seeing that, Premier Zhou calmly cleaned his hand with his own handkerchief and threw it into a trash bin, saying, “It can’t be cleaned anymore.” In this way, the handshake and its silent reply showed that the Premier had strong principles (原则). In another example, the Chinese representative Liu Jinsong met with a Japanese representative. Dressed in a traditional Zhongshan suit, he kept standing without holding out his hand. When questioned about not shaking hands, he replied, “It’s too cold to shake hands.” In this way, the choice not to shake hands became “a wise handshake”, expressing strong positions to others in silence. All in all, handshakes can say a lot and show what kind of person we are. Most importantly, what matters most is not whether we shake hands, but how we choose to do it. As the examples above show, shaking hands in these ways can show we are friendly in daily life and we are strong in serious situations. Handshakes 1 by us in different situations. In common situations, they make others feel respected, 2 . In diplomacy, they express 3 to others in silence. All in all, the three examples show we can be friendly in daily life and strong in serious situations if 4 . 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总单词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 In the past few years, there has been a growing trend of buying fluffy toys (毛绒玩具). These soft toys have become popular not only among children, but also among an increasing number of adults. People of all ages love these fluffy objects, especially when they feel worried, lonely or unsafe. Why do these fluffy toys make us feel so close to them? As researchers continue to discover the secret behind the popularity of fluffy toys, they have found the main thing is that they provide people with emotional satisfaction. First, they provide an opportunity for people to relax and reduce stress when they hug or snuggle with them. Perhaps it’s part of human nature to find something soft to touch when we need comfort. Since we were babies, we have always looked for things to make us feel better when we’re sad. The cute look of soft toys, their soft feel on our skin, or the nice smell of a Jellycat toy can immediately comfort us and calm us down. Secondly, these “comfort toys” do more than just make us feel good. On one hand, it is also a great way for adults to retrieve (重拾) their childhood memories. On the other hand, it’s becoming increasingly difficult for adults to express their true feelings nowadays. Unlike kids, grown-ups face a lot of stress and challenges, such as family responsibilities, money worries or daily troubles. For many, fluffy toys can act as warm companions (陪伴) that are similar to a mother’s comfort. They can calm us down and bring us peace. The passage is about why 1 . Researchers believe the main reason for their popularity is 2 . Firstly, touching soft toys can help people 3 . We are always looking for something soft to touch which is a natural human behavior since infancy (婴儿). Secondly,for adults, these toys help them retrieve their childhood memories but also act like a mother who 4 . They can calm us down and bring us peace in emotional problems. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 In China, with more and more people speaking Putonghua at school and at home, some local dialects (方言) are slowly disappearing. Not long ago, some young people were asked how to say “kitchen” in Shanghainese. Most of them answered “zi vang” instead of the traditional “zao dou ge”. In Shanxi, many children don’t know “qu deng”, which means “get a light”. In the old days, “qu deng” was a match. It was a small piece of wood with some powder on it. People used it to make fire. An expert on language talked about his worry about the disappearance of dialects. He said, “Language clearly shows the history of an area. Dialects are key to keeping local cultures. In some kinds of art shows, like local operas and short plays, dialects play an important role. So we must try our best to protect the dialects.” Luckily, the government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago. This project studies how people speak in 1, 712 places. Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone. So far, language experts and dialect speakers have built the world’s largest language resource library. The project is in its second stage. This includes creating digital tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects. In China, people mostly speak Putonghua. As a result, many 1 can’t speak local dialects. Experts think dialects are important for some art performances. So 2 . Luckily, a project was started 3 some years ago to save the dialects. Now 4 , which includes creating more tools to help people with the dialects. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Dogs are not just pets; they can be good for our health, especially for teenagers. Recent research suggests that spending time with dogs can lower teens’ worry and improve how they act with others. A Japanese study led by Dr. Kikusui looked into the reason behind this. Scientists found that teenagers who own dogs have a different community of microbes (微生物群落), often called “gut bacteria (肠道细菌)”, compared to those who don’t. These microbes are important because the gut and the brain work closely together. The bacteria produce chemical substances (化学物质) that can influence how their brains work and how they feel. The study included over 300 teenagers in Tokyo. Results showed that teens with dogs had fewer difficulties in getting along with others and showed less anger and bad behavior. Besides, these teens had higher levels of certain helpful gut bacteria. On the other hand, teens who don’t have dogs showed more behavior problems. This shows a possible connection: microbes from dogs might lead to better mental (心理) health. Next, scientists moved gut microbes from the teenagers to mice. The mice that received microbes from dog owners became more friendly and curious. This supports the idea that microbes related to dogs can positively influence behavior. Therefore, scientists suggest that teenagers spend at least 30 minutes playing with dogs every day to relax and lower their worries. Also, take dogs for walks regularly, which can not only exercise the body but also improve the ability to get along with others. And take part in feeding and caring for dogs, which helps develop a sense of responsibility and makes the mind healthier. Research shows that dogs can help teenagers feel less worried and behave better. This is because 1 . These microbes influence brain health by producing chemicals. Compared with teen dog owners, those 2 were less friendly and worse behaved. Next, 3 . To have a healthier mind, some 4 are suggested by scientists. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分的总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Have you ever stopped to have a look at homeless animals around your neighborhood (街区)? From February to October, I noticed big changes in a homeless cat near our home. Every time I tried to get close to the cat on the street, it would run away quickly. I thought it was frightened and just wanted to be free, so I left it alone. But something amazing happened this October. About a week ago, my daughter Cindy started paying attention to it. Unlike me, Cindy didn’t try to touch it at once. She just sat nearby quietly, talking to it softly. Day by day, the cat began to believe in her. This morning Cindy gave it a small bowl of cat food. The cat ate happily and didn’t run off. That was when Cindy gave it a name—Sunny. It seemed that Sunny didn’t want to be homeless anymore. It followed Cindy all the way to our door. It looked like it had chosen Cindy to be its friend. It’s wonderful how friendship can change lives. Sunny is no longer alone, and Cindy has a sweet little friend to play with. Their story shows us that a little kindness can make a big difference, and a true friend really can make life more beautiful, no matter the friend has two legs or four. Animals can be friends of us. I found a homeless cat near my home. At first, it seemed that 1 . Then 2 . She stayed nearby with it quietly and talked to it softly. She named it Sunny. Now Cindy and Sunny 3 and Sunny has got a warm home. The story tells us that if we are 4 animals, they can become our true friends. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过 3个词。 As teens get older, parents face a challenge: how to keep them safe while also letting them learn to be independent. One good way is to set a curfew. The curfew is a certain time by which someone needs to be at home. It’s a tool used by parents to keep their children safe and teach them to follow the rules. Curfews are usually set for the night when social risks are higher. Research shows teens need 8-10 hours of sleep each night. Without enough sleep, they may have worse mental and physical health and lower school results. Setting a curfew helps them build a clear bedtime and get better rest. The curfew can also help teens avoid bad pressure from friends. It also helps them learn how to be careful and manage their time well. Some teens may see curfews as a type of control. Too strict curfews can hurt the parent-teen relationship, causing rebellion and cheating. So when setting curfews, parents should find a good balance between freedom and safety, building trust and a sense of duty. First, set a curfew that both agree on. Every family and teen is different. Generally, younger teens should have earlier curfews, and older teens later ones. Second, teens should talk to their parents when out. They should say where they are going, who they are with, and what they will do. If plans change, they need to share the new details. Third, make clear what happens if rules are broken. Let teens help decide the results. If they know and agree, they are more likely to act carefully. Setting a curfew means parents set a clear time for their teen 1 . It helps teens stay safe and learn 2 . A curfew also helps teens get enough sleep, which 3 and avoids bad effects like poor school results. A good curfew teaches teens to make the right decisions, build trust, and 4 . 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 概要补全15篇 （重庆专用） 内容导航 内容速递 中考真题练习 中考模拟练习 内容速递 本资料共15篇专项训练 中考真题练习 聚焦真题 明确考点 各地市联考真题练习 专注模拟 争夺高分 中考真题练习 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过 3个词。 When you make a mistake or say something wrong, it’s easy to be hard on yourself. Then stress is caused. Feelings of anger, disappointment and sadness come along. That’s why such stress needs to be dealt with. Max, a 14-year-old boy, used to be very competitive and always felt stressed. Now he is learning to give himself care and kindness. When he doesn’t win or get the top marks, he talks to himself, “It’s OK not to be perfect.” He knows he always does his best and that is enough. What Max does is called self-compassion (自我和解). With self-compassion, you treat yourself kindly like a friend. It allows you to forgive (原谅) yourself when you mess up or fail. After feelings of guilt (愧疚) go away, you get more relaxed and you can think more clearly. This way self-compassion makes you move forward. Many studies have shown it is of great help. However, some disagree. They argue that self-compassion leads people to be less active. But Breines and Chen’s study had a different result. They gave students a difficult word test. The students were given the chance to study for a second test. They found those who were compassionate toward their failure spent more time preparing. Experts suggest that you should write a letter to yourself, describing the situation that causes your pain and accepting how you feel. Or you can do something you like to make yourself feel at peace. Suzy Reading, a psychologist (心理学家), suggests using a “gentle touch” like placing one or both hands on your heart, so you will feel safe and loved. Being hard on yourself causes stress. However, 1 . Self-compassion means being kind to yourself. With its help, you will have more relaxation and a clearer mind so that 2 . Some think differently, but a study shows that 3 . To practice self-compassion, some 4 are suggested by experts. 【答案】1．self-compassion helps you to get out of such stress 2．you can move on 3．it makes people more active 4．helpful ways 【导语】本文主要介绍了自我和解的概念，解释了它如何帮助个人管理压力并在失败后继续前进，并为练习自我和解提供了实用的建议。 1．根据“When you make a mistake or say something wrong, it’s easy to be hard on yourself”以及“What Max does is called self-compassion...”可知对自己太苛刻会产生压力，但是自我和解可以帮助缓解这种压力，故此处可填入self-compassion helps you to get out of such stress。故填self-compassion helps you to get out of such stress。 2．根据“After feelings of guilt (愧疚) go away, you get more relaxed and you can think more clearly. This way self-compassion makes you move forward”可知内疚感消失后，你会变得更加放松，思维也会更加清晰，这样，自我和解会让你前进，即you can move on“你可以继续前进”。故填you can move on。 3．根据“They argue that self-compassion leads people to be less active. But Breines and Chen’s study had a different result”可知一些人认为，自我和解会导致人们不那么活跃，但Breines和陈的研究得出了不同的结果，即自我和解会让人更活跃，即it makes people more active。故填it makes people more active。 4．根据“Experts suggest that you should write a letter to yourself, describing the situation that causes your pain and accepting how you feel...”可知专家给出了一些有帮助的方法，helpful ways“有帮助的方法”。故填helpful ways。 中考模拟真题练习 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Do you often put off your homework until the last minute? If so, you might be a procrastinator. Procrastination (拖延症) is a common problem for many students. It means putting off tasks that need to be done until later, even though you know it might cause trouble. So why do students procrastinate? Some tasks are too difficult, so students avoid them. Also, there are many distractions (分散注意力的事) around, like smartphones and social media, which make it easy to waste time. According to a recent study, students who don’t do their work on time often feel more stressed and worried. It causes them to have worse sleep quality and poor health. What’s more, when everything is left until the last minute, students have to work in a hurry. This often results in more mistakes and lower grades on average. Luckily, there are ways to fight procrastination. Experts suggest breaking down big tasks into smaller steps. This makes the work seem less scary and easier to start. You can set a clear deadline (截止期限) for each step. After you finish it, give yourself a small reward (奖励)—this can also help. Another useful tip is to create a study environment that is free from distractions. For example, you can turn off your phone or reduce screen time while studying. Besides, when your mind is fresh, doing the most challenging task first in the morning can increase productivity. By learning to manage time and tasks well, students can get over procrastination. This will not only lead to better grades but also reduce stress and create more free time for hobbies and relaxation. Procrastination is common among students for several reasons, including 1 . A study shows that 2 . To deal with procrastination, experts give 3 , such as breaking down big tasks and creating a study environment. If students are able to get over procrastination, 4 . 【答案】1．difficult tasks and many distractions 2．procrastination is harmful to students’ health and studies/procrastination is bad for students’ health and studies 3．some useful advice/ways/methods/suggestions/tips 4．they can get better grades, be less stressed and have more free time 【导语】本文介绍了拖延症的常见原因、负面影响以及克服拖延的有效方法，帮助学生更好地管理时间、提高学习效率。 1．根据第二段“Some tasks are too difficult...Also, there are many distractions around”可知，学生拖延的原因包括任务太难和周围有很多分散注意力的事物。故填difficult tasks and many distractions。 2．根据第三段“students who don’t do their work on time often feel more stressed and worried...worse sleep quality and poor health...more mistakes and lower grades”可知，研究表明拖延对学生的身心健康和学习成绩都有害。故填procrastination is harmful to students’ health and studies/procrastination is bad for students’ health and studies。 3．根据第四段“there are ways to fight procrastination. Experts suggest...”可知，专家们给出了应对拖延的一些建议。故填some useful advice/ways/methods/suggestions/tips。 4．根据最后一段“This will not only lead to better grades but also reduce stress and create more free time for hobbies and relaxation.”可知，如果学生克服拖延，他们将获得更好的成绩、更少的压力和更多的空闲时间。故填they can get better grades, be less stressed and have more free time。 阅读文章，用恰当的句子或短语补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Times may have changed, but it’s still usual to see teenagers falling asleep during lessons. Why does this happen? One major reason is simple: many students just don’t get enough sleep. So, why are teens so short on sleep? Homework plays a big part. For most students, homework can take three to four hours every night. If a teen wants to join club activities, play sports, enjoy computer games, or watch TV, they often have to stay up late to finish everything. Besides, some take on after-school jobs to save money for college, help their families, or buy things they like, which also cuts into their sleep time. Physical problems can be another cause. Some students have trouble sleeping at night—a problem called insomnia (失眠). This can leave them tired and unable to stay awake in class, and sometimes they may even need to see a doctor. Sleeping in class can lead to serious problems. First, it’s against school rules and teachers don’t allow it. Also, other students might laugh at those who fall asleep. But the worst result is that sleeping students miss important knowledge. Over time, this can even cause them to fail their subjects. Since teenagers often find it hard to solve this problem on their own, sleeping in class is likely to remain common. Things will only improve when more teens learn how to balance school, work, and their personal lives. Finding that balance is the key to staying awake and learning well in class. Summary It is common for teenagers to fall asleep in class because of different reasons. One main cause is that 1 , since they have heavy homework and after-school activities. Besides, 2 like insomnia can also lead to sleepiness in class. Falling asleep in class brings serious results, the worst is they may 3 . To solve this problem, 4 . 【答案】1．they lack enough sleep 2．physical problems 3．fail their subjects 4．teens need to balance school, work and personal life 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了青少年上课犯困的原因及其解决方法 1．根据“One major reason is simple: many students just don’t get enough sleep.”可知，一个主要原因是他们睡眠不足。故填they lack enough sleep。 2．根据“Physical problems can be another cause. Some students have a problem called insomnia (失眠).”可知，像失眠这样的身体问题也会导致上课犯困。故填physical problems。 3．根据“But the worst result is that sleeping students miss important knowledge. Over time, this can even cause them to fail their subjects.”可知，最严重的后果是他们可能会考试不及格。故填fail their subjects。 4．根据“Things will only improve when more teens learn how to balance school, work, and their personal lives. Finding that balance is the key to staying awake and learning well in class.”可知，解决方法是青少年需要学会平衡学校、工作和个人生活。故填teens need to balance school, work and personal life。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Emotions (情绪) play an important role in our daily life. Have you ever thought about why you feel happy after doing well on a test, or feel angry when someone cuts in line? These feelings affect how we think and what we do every day. Our emotions mainly come from our thoughts. Interestingly, different thoughts about the same situation can lead to completely different feelings. Sometimes, our brains create emotions without us even realizing it, just like how we jump when hearing a sudden loud noise. When an emotion appears, three changes happen. First, our bodies change—hearts beat faster when scared, tears come when sad, and smiles appear when happy. Second, our minds change—sadness brings sad memories while happiness brings happy memories to mind. Third, emotions make you take action. Anger may make us want to shout, and fear makes us want to run. Sometimes emotions can be confusing (疑惑) because some body signals look the same but they come from different feelings. For example, both anger and fear can make our hearts beat fast. To better understand our feelings, we need to notice our thoughts, body reactions (反应), and the things we would like to do. Learning to manage emotions is very useful. When feeling strong emotions, try to “name” them by saying “I’m feeling angry” or “This is fear”. Naming emotions makes them easier to handle (应付). Remember that all emotions are normal and they help us understand ourselves better. Emotions come from thoughts and affect daily life. They bring three changes —body changes, 1 and behavioral reactions. Sometimes 2 can make emotions confusing. To understand our feelings, we need to notice our thoughts, body reactions and 3 . Naming our emotions makes emotions easier to manage. All emotions are normal and they help us understand ourselves better. By understanding emotions, 4 . 【答案】1．mind changes 2．similar body signals 3．desired actions 4．we can manage them better 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了情绪的来源、表现以及如何管理和理解情绪。 1．根据文章第三段“Second, our minds change—sadness brings sad memories while happiness brings happy memories to mind.”可知，情绪带来的三种变化包括身体变化、心理变化和行为反应。故填mind changes。 2．根据文章第四段“Sometimes emotions can be confusing because some body signals look the same but they come from different feelings.”可知，有时相似的身体信号会令人困惑。故填similar body signals。 3．根据文章第四段“To better understand our feelings, we need to notice our thoughts, body reactions, and the things we would like to do.”可知，为了理解我们的感受，我们需要注意我们的想法、身体反应和想要采取的行动。故填desired actions。 4．根据文章最后一段整体内容，尤其是“Learning to manage emotions is very useful.”和“Naming emotions makes them easier to handle.”，并结合全文主旨可知，通过理解情绪，我们可以更好地管理自身情绪。故填we can manage them better。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全摘要。补全部分总词数不超过30词。不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Lately, when looking through Chinese social media, you can’t miss the four Chinese characters “Ai Ni Lao Ji”. At first, it might look like an everyday greeting, but it’s actually a clever development. It borrows the structure of “Love you, Mom. See you tomorrow!” and simply exchanges “Mom” for “Lao Ji,” a playful word for “self.” In other words, it’s a warm reminder to love yourself. The reason why the simple pun (俏皮话) has become popular is that it fills an emotional gap (情感空白). In Chinese culture, people often find it hard to say “I love you”, even to themselves. Besides, we’re taught to care about others first. But in doing so, we sometimes forget to stop and ask ourselves, “Am I OK today?” Think about what you may have done. You stayed up until 3:00 a.m. finishing a group project, but the teacher checked for only thirty seconds and didn’t say anything like “Good job”. Maybe you smiled through a party, tried to please everyone, only to feel empty on the way home. Now, you can actually say “Ai Ni Lao Ji” to yourself. Psychologists call this self-compassion (自我同情), and research shows it lowers stress and leads to self-confidence. When we speak to ourselves with the same kindness we offer to a close friend, we go out of sadness faster and dare to try again. So, when life is busy next time, just say “Ai Ni Lao Ji”, enjoy your favorite milk tea, or give yourself a hug instead of buying expensive cars or bags, travelling around the world or enjoying a live show of a superstar. The world will still move forward, but you’ll be standing a little straighter at the center of it. Summary Recently, there is a famous phrase “Ai Ni Lao Ji” everywhere online. It’s a playful pun which reminds us 1 . It becomes popular because it fills the emotional gap. Since we grow up in Chinese culture, 2 . Psychologists see saying “Ai Ni Lao Ji” as self-compassion and find it can make us feel 3 . Also, it can make us happy and brave. So 4 when life is busy. Then you can be at the center of the world. 【答案】1．to love ourselves 2．we often put others before ourselves 3．less stressed and more confident 4．remember to care about yourself 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍网络流行语“Ai Ni Lao Ji”的内涵是提醒人们关爱自己，分析其因填补人们情感空白而走红，指出该表达属于自我同情，能缓解压力、提升自信，文章建议人们在忙碌生活中践行自我关怀，以更积极的状态面对生活。 1．根据第一段“In other words, it’s a warm reminder to love yourself.”可知，这是一个俏皮的双关语，提醒我们要关爱自己；“remind sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“提醒某人做某事”，love ourselves“关爱我们自己”。故填to love ourselves. 2．根据第二段“In Chinese culture, people often find it hard to say ‘I love you’, even to themselves. Besides, we’re taught to care about others first. But in doing so, we sometimes forget to stop and ask ourselves, ‘Am I OK today?’”可知，中国传统文化强调优先关心他人，故填we often put others before ourselves。 3．根据第四段“Psychologists call this self-compassion, and research shows it lowers stress and leads to self-confidence.”可知，心理学家将说“爱你老己”视为自我关怀，发现这能让我们压力更小、更自信；less stressed“压力更小的”，其中stressed为形容词，表示“有压力的”，less表示比较级；more confident“更自信的”，其中confident为形容词，表示“自信的”，more表示比较级。故填less stressed and more confident。 4．根据“So, when life is busy next time, just say ‘Ai Ni Lao Ji’”可知在生活忙碌时要记得关心自己。故填remember to care about yourself。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 The pursuit (追求) of happiness is a basic part of human life. Most of us believe that when life goes well, we should naturally feel happy. However, the truth is that many people who live comfortably still tend to (倾向) feel dissatisfied. This common problem mainly comes from our habit of thinking too much. When we overthink, we begin to keep making our expectations for happiness higher and compare our real life with perfect imaginary standards. We stop valuing what we already have and focus only on what’s missing. This habit actually destroys (破坏) our happy moments. It’s like looking at a tiny spot on a clean shirt and letting that small flaw (瑕疵) make us forget how nice the shirt really is. Let me give you another example. Imagine your friends plan a wonderful birthday party for you. Instead of simply enjoying it, you might start checking if everything meets your expectations. This is where our thinking makes the difference. You could choose to enjoy the moment and have fun with your friends. Or you might think, “This would be perfect only if all my friends were here.” Such thoughts will only bring disappointment (失望). But does this mean we should stop trying to be happy? Certainly not. What we need to do is learning to notice the beauty in imperfect things, for true happiness never comes without flaws. Most importantly, we should stop thinking that life is just preparation for future happiness. If we enjoy each moment, we can get real happiness. The pursuit of happiness is human nature, but many people feel dissatisfied even though 1 , mainly because overthinking makes them 2 and compare reality with perfect standards. Therefore, we should 3 , for true happiness is never without flaws. We should also enjoy every moment to gain true joy, instead of 4 . 【答案】1．they live comfortably 2．raise their expectations for happiness 3．find beauty in imperfection 4．treating life as only future preparation 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，探讨了人们即使生活舒适仍感到不满的原因，指出过度思考和追求完美会破坏幸福感，倡导学会欣赏不完美、珍惜当下以获得真正的快乐。 1．根据“many people who live comfortably still tend to feel dissatisfied”可知，许多人即使生活舒适仍感到不满，故填they live comfortably。 2．根据“When we overthink, we begin to keep making our expectations for happiness higher and compare our real life with perfect imaginary standards.”可知，过度思考会让人们不断提高对幸福的期待，故填raise their expectations for happiness。 3．根据“learning to notice the beauty in imperfect things”可知，我们应学会发现不完美事物中的美，故填find beauty in imperfection。 4．根据“stop thinking that life is just preparation for future happiness”可知，不应把生活当作未来幸福的准备，故填treating life as only future preparation。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Many teenagers can hardly stay away from their phones, especially on weekends. They spend hours watching videos, checking messages and looking through social media. Although this seems relaxing, too much screen time actually brings them heavy stress. Ben, a 15-year-old teenager, felt very tired after a hard week of study. He tried to relax by using his phone, but soon he found himself spending six to seven hours a day on short videos, social media and games. After he got sick one day, a doctor suggested that he should put down his phone. Following the advice, Ben slowly began to feel better again. Actually, what the doctor advised is called a digital detox (电子去毒). That means taking a planned break from screens. Too much screen time keeps the mind from resting. Teenagers take in too much information online and keep comparing themselves with others’ “perfect” lives. At the same time, long hours spent on screens stop the body from relaxing. This non-stop activity makes stress build up quickly. However, some teenagers still think spending time on screens is the best way to relax. But studies by Harvard Medical School show a different result. It found that those who used screens for longer time produced less melatonin (褪黑素), the chemical that helps the body fall asleep. As a result, they rested worse. Therefore, experts suggest that after a busy week of study, teenagers need to relax and regain energy. They are supposed to put down screens, focus on real-life activities and get enough sleep so that they can truly rest and feel ready for a new week. Today, too much screen time may make teenagers stressed. To solve this problem, 1 . That means taking planned breaks from screens. Too much screen time keeps both their 2 busy and stops them from truly resting. Some teenagers disagree but studies show that the less melatonin the body produces, 3 . So, teenagers can truly relax by 4 , focusing on real life activities and getting enough sleep. 【答案】1．they can try a digital detox 2．minds and bodies 3．the worse they rest 4．putting down their screens 【导语】本文介绍青少年过度使用电子设备的危害，提出电子去毒的解决方法，建议回归现实活动以缓解压力、恢复精力。 1．根据“Actually, what the doctor advised is called a digital detox (电子去毒).”可知，此处指解决该问题的方法是电子去毒，故填they can try a digital detox。 2．根据“Too much screen time keeps the mind from resting.”和“At the same time, long hours spent on screens stop the body from relaxing.”可知，此处指过度使用电子设备会让大脑和身体都处于忙碌状态，故填minds and bodies。 3．根据“It found that those who used screens for longer time produced less melatonin (褪黑素), the chemical that helps the body fall asleep. As a result, they rested worse.”可知，此处指身体产生的褪黑素越少，休息就越差，故填the worse they rest。 4．根据“They are supposed to put down screens, focus on real-life activities and get enough sleep”可知，此处指青少年可以通过放下屏幕来真正放松，故填putting down their screens。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Life as a student can be full of pressure. You might feel stressed about exams, schoolwork or friendships. This stress can make you feel worried. Learning how to deal with this feeling is an important skill for everyone. Lisa, a 13-year-old student, used to feel very nervous before every test. But now, when she feels worried, she closes her eyes, breathes in slowly for four seconds, holds her breath for four seconds, and then breathes out slowly for six seconds. What Lisa does is called mindfulness (正念). You can pay attention to the present moment (当下) instead of worrying about the past or future. This way, you can face challenges with a calm heart. By paying attention to your breathing or the sounds around you, you can calm the busy thoughts in your head. Some people might think this is a waste of time. However, a university study shows that students who feel nervous before exams usually can’t get good grades. But when these students practice mindfulness for ten minutes every day, they do better. Why? Because they are not so worried about their exams anymore. Instead, they just try their best. So, how can you practice it? You can start by finding a quiet place to sit comfortably and focus on your breath. You can also listen to soft music or take a walk outside. Remember, it’s all about giving your busy brain a short, relaxing break. Stressful school life can make you worried. To deal with the feeling, you can 1 . It helps you focus on the present moment so that you can 2 in front of challenges. Some people think that it wastes time. However, a study shows that 3 with mindfulness. To practice mindfulness, there are some 4 to help you relax. 【答案】1．try mindfulness training 2．stay peaceful 3．students get better grades 4．simple methods 【导语】本文主要介绍了学生面临压力时可以采用的一种叫作“正念”的方法，并详细说明了正念的定义、益处、科学依据以及具体的练习方式。 1．根据“What Lisa does is called mindfulness (正念).”以及“But when these students practice mindfulness for ten minutes every day, they do better.”可知，文章建议通过正念练习来应对压力。try mindfulness training意为“尝试正念训练”，符合语境。故填try mindfulness training。 2．根据“This way, you can face challenges with a calm heart.”可知，正念能帮助人们在挑战面前保持冷静、平和的心态。stay peaceful意为“保持平静”，符合语境。故填stay peaceful。 3．根据“However, a university study shows that…when these students practice mindfulness for ten minutes every day, they do better.”可知，大学的研究表明，学生通过正念练习能取得更好的表现或成绩。students get better grades意为“学生们获得更好的成绩”，符合语境。故填students get better grades。 4．根据“You can start by finding a quiet place to sit comfortably and focus on your breath. You can also listen to soft music or take a walk outside.”可知，练习正念有许多具体且简单的方法。simple methods意为“简单的方法”，符合语境。故填simple methods。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 How do you enjoy yourself when you’re alone? According to a study by John Dattilo from Pennsylvania State University, US, doing activities that need both concentration (注意力) and skill can help people deal with loneliness and enjoy being alone. Dattilo explained that when people are absorbed in (全神贯注于) what they are doing, they get into a state called “flow”. People can achieve the state by doing what they love wholeheartedly and using their skills at the same time. To achieve a state of flow, there must be a balance (平衡) between the challenge of the task and your skill level. For example, if you’re trying to create a computer program but your skill level is low, then you’re likely to feel stressed instead of achieving “flow”. Also, if the task is too easy, then boredom will set in and “flow” will not appear, either. If you are a pianist or a painter, for example, playing the piano or painting can lead to flow. So can things like skiing, writing and storytelling, depending on who you are. “When we enter a state of flow, we become absorbed, and we experience momentary enjoyment,” Dattilo said. “When we leave a state of flow, we are often surprised by how much time has passed.” However, watching television usually doesn’t help people get into flow, according to Dattilo, because there aren’t any challenges. Flow is a state that people get into when they 1 what they are doing. How do people achieve “flow”? They can do what they really love and use their skills at the same time. The task’s challenge should 2 . If the task is too hard, people may feel stressed. If the task is too easy, they may feel bored. How do people feel in the state of “flow”? They feel absorbed and enjoy it. They think time 3 . But something won’t help people get into “flow”. If there are 4 in an activity, such as watching TV, people won’t get into flow. 【答案】1．are absorbed in 2．be balanced with their skill level/match their skill level 3．passes very quickly/flies 4．no challenges 【导语】本文主要介绍了“心流”状态的概念、如何达成这种状态及其特点，并举例说明了哪些活动容易进入心流，哪些活动则不易。 1．根据文章第2段“...when people are absorbed in what they are doing, they get into a state called ‘flow’.”可知，“心流”是人们全神贯注于所做之事时进入的一种状态。故填are absorbed in。 2．根据文章第3段“To achieve a state of flow, there must be a balance between the challenge of the task and your skill level.”可知，达到心流状态的关键是任务的挑战与个人技能水平之间要保持平衡。故填be balanced with their skill level/match their skill level。 3．根据文章第5段“When we leave a state of flow, we are often surprised by how much time has passed.”可推知，在心流状态中，人们会觉得时间飞逝。故填passes very quickly/flies。 4．根据文章第6段“However, watching television usually doesn’t help people get into flow, according to Dattilo, because there aren’t any challenges.”可知，像看电视这类没有挑战的活动，无法帮助人们进入心流状态。故填no challenges。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Handshakes are more than simple social actions. They also serve as a way to express ourselves. In fact, in different situations, we use handshakes in different ways. In daily life, a kind handshake brings respect, warmth and comfort to others. For example, when two hands meet, the touch is strong but friendly, and a small smile appears on both faces. This simple action can bring respect and take away coldness and discomfort. Even without words, shaking hands in a kind way can tell others we are quite friendly. However, in diplomacy (外交), a wise handshake shows something else. A meaningful example comes from the 1954 Geneva Conference (会议). After Premier Zhou-Enlai shook hands with the US representative (代表), the American took off his glove, cleaned his hand with a handkerchief (手帕) and put it away. Seeing that, Premier Zhou calmly cleaned his hand with his own handkerchief and threw it into a trash bin, saying, “It can’t be cleaned anymore.” In this way, the handshake and its silent reply showed that the Premier had strong principles (原则). In another example, the Chinese representative Liu Jinsong met with a Japanese representative. Dressed in a traditional Zhongshan suit, he kept standing without holding out his hand. When questioned about not shaking hands, he replied, “It’s too cold to shake hands.” In this way, the choice not to shake hands became “a wise handshake”, expressing strong positions to others in silence. All in all, handshakes can say a lot and show what kind of person we are. Most importantly, what matters most is not whether we shake hands, but how we choose to do it. As the examples above show, shaking hands in these ways can show we are friendly in daily life and we are strong in serious situations. Handshakes 1 by us in different situations. In common situations, they make others feel respected, 2 . In diplomacy, they express 3 to others in silence. All in all, the three examples show we can be friendly in daily life and strong in serious situations if 4 . 【答案】1．are used 2．warm and comfortable 3．our strong positions 4．we shake hands wisely 【导语】本文说明了握手不仅是社交举动，还能表达态度，方式不同意义也不同。 1．根据第一段“In fact, in different situations, we use handshakes in different ways.”可知，此处指在不同的场合，握手被我们使用，此处是一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是“am/is/are done”的形式，主语是复数形式，be动词用are，use的过去分词是used。故填are used。 2．根据第二段“In daily life, a kind handshake brings respect, warmth and comfort to others.”可知，在一般情况下，握手能让他人感到受到尊重、温暖和舒适，warm and comfortable“温暖和舒适”。故填warm and comfortable。 3．根据第四段“the choice not to shake hands became ‘a wise handshake’, expressing strong positions to others in silence.”可知，此处是在外交上，它们默默地向别人表达我们的强硬立场。our“我们的”，是形容词性物主代词，后加名词，strong positions“强硬立场”。故填our strong positions。 4．根据最后一段“As the examples above show, shaking hands in these ways can show we are friendly in daily life and we are strong in serious situations.”可知，此处指如果我们选择以正确的方式握手，那么在日常生活中我们可以表现得友好，在严肃的场合中也能表现出强硬的态度。该句是if引导的条件状语从句，从句主语是we，谓语动词是shake hands“握手”，此处用动词原形；wisely“明智地”，修饰动词。故填we shake hands wisely。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总单词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 In the past few years, there has been a growing trend of buying fluffy toys (毛绒玩具). These soft toys have become popular not only among children, but also among an increasing number of adults. People of all ages love these fluffy objects, especially when they feel worried, lonely or unsafe. Why do these fluffy toys make us feel so close to them? As researchers continue to discover the secret behind the popularity of fluffy toys, they have found the main thing is that they provide people with emotional satisfaction. First, they provide an opportunity for people to relax and reduce stress when they hug or snuggle with them. Perhaps it’s part of human nature to find something soft to touch when we need comfort. Since we were babies, we have always looked for things to make us feel better when we’re sad. The cute look of soft toys, their soft feel on our skin, or the nice smell of a Jellycat toy can immediately comfort us and calm us down. Secondly, these “comfort toys” do more than just make us feel good. On one hand, it is also a great way for adults to retrieve (重拾) their childhood memories. On the other hand, it’s becoming increasingly difficult for adults to express their true feelings nowadays. Unlike kids, grown-ups face a lot of stress and challenges, such as family responsibilities, money worries or daily troubles. For many, fluffy toys can act as warm companions (陪伴) that are similar to a mother’s comfort. They can calm us down and bring us peace. The passage is about why 1 . Researchers believe the main reason for their popularity is 2 . Firstly, touching soft toys can help people 3 . We are always looking for something soft to touch which is a natural human behavior since infancy (婴儿). Secondly,for adults, these toys help them retrieve their childhood memories but also act like a mother who 4 . They can calm us down and bring us peace in emotional problems. 【答案】1．fluffy toys are popular 2．they offer emotional comfort 3．unwind and ease stress 4．offers comfort 【导语】本文主要讨论了毛绒玩具受欢迎的原因，包括其能提供情感满足、帮助人们放松减压、重拾童年记忆以及作为情感陪伴等。 1．根据“These soft toys have become popular not only among children, but also among an increasing number of adults.”可知，这些毛绒玩具不仅在儿童中很受欢迎，而且在越来越多的成年人中也很受欢迎，即毛绒玩具很受欢迎，故填fluffy toys are popular。 2．根据“they have found the main thing is that they provide people with emotional satisfaction.”可知，研究人员认为毛绒玩具受欢迎的主要原因是它们给人们带来了情感上的满足，故填they offer emotional comfort。 3．根据“First, they provide an opportunity for people to relax and reduce stress when they hug or snuggle with them.”可知，触摸毛绒玩具可以帮助人们放松和减轻压力，故填unwind and ease stress。 4．根据“For many, fluffy toys can act as warm companions (陪伴) that are similar to a mother’s comfort.”可知，对于许多成年人来说，毛绒玩具可以像母亲的安慰一样成为温暖的陪伴，故填offers comfort。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 In China, with more and more people speaking Putonghua at school and at home, some local dialects (方言) are slowly disappearing. Not long ago, some young people were asked how to say “kitchen” in Shanghainese. Most of them answered “zi vang” instead of the traditional “zao dou ge”. In Shanxi, many children don’t know “qu deng”, which means “get a light”. In the old days, “qu deng” was a match. It was a small piece of wood with some powder on it. People used it to make fire. An expert on language talked about his worry about the disappearance of dialects. He said, “Language clearly shows the history of an area. Dialects are key to keeping local cultures. In some kinds of art shows, like local operas and short plays, dialects play an important role. So we must try our best to protect the dialects.” Luckily, the government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago. This project studies how people speak in 1, 712 places. Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone. So far, language experts and dialect speakers have built the world’s largest language resource library. The project is in its second stage. This includes creating digital tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects. In China, people mostly speak Putonghua. As a result, many 1 can’t speak local dialects. Experts think dialects are important for some art performances. So 2 . Luckily, a project was started 3 some years ago to save the dialects. Now 4 , which includes creating more tools to help people with the dialects. 【答案】1．young people and children 2．we must protect dialects with great efforts 3．by the government 4．it’s in the second stage of the project 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在中国普通话普及的背景下，一些地方方言逐渐消失的现象，阐述了方言对传承地方文化和艺术表演的重要性，并说明了政府启动的中国语言资源保护工程及其相关举措。 1．根据原文“some young people were asked how to say ‘kitchen’ in Shanghainese. Most of them answered... In Shanxi, many children don’t know...”可知，很多年轻人和孩子不会说本地方言，故填young people and children。 2．根据原文“So we must try our best to protect the dialects.”可知，专家认为方言很重要，所以我们必须尽力保护它们，结合要求不照抄连续3个以上单词，故填we must protect dialects with great efforts。 3．根据原文“Luckily, the government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project...”可知，是政府启动了相关项目，故填by the government。 4．根据原文“The project is in its second stage. This includes creating digital tools...”可知，该项目已进入第二阶段，故填it’s in the second stage of the project。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Dogs are not just pets; they can be good for our health, especially for teenagers. Recent research suggests that spending time with dogs can lower teens’ worry and improve how they act with others. A Japanese study led by Dr. Kikusui looked into the reason behind this. Scientists found that teenagers who own dogs have a different community of microbes (微生物群落), often called “gut bacteria (肠道细菌)”, compared to those who don’t. These microbes are important because the gut and the brain work closely together. The bacteria produce chemical substances (化学物质) that can influence how their brains work and how they feel. The study included over 300 teenagers in Tokyo. Results showed that teens with dogs had fewer difficulties in getting along with others and showed less anger and bad behavior. Besides, these teens had higher levels of certain helpful gut bacteria. On the other hand, teens who don’t have dogs showed more behavior problems. This shows a possible connection: microbes from dogs might lead to better mental (心理) health. Next, scientists moved gut microbes from the teenagers to mice. The mice that received microbes from dog owners became more friendly and curious. This supports the idea that microbes related to dogs can positively influence behavior. Therefore, scientists suggest that teenagers spend at least 30 minutes playing with dogs every day to relax and lower their worries. Also, take dogs for walks regularly, which can not only exercise the body but also improve the ability to get along with others. And take part in feeding and caring for dogs, which helps develop a sense of responsibility and makes the mind healthier. Research shows that dogs can help teenagers feel less worried and behave better. This is because 1 . These microbes influence brain health by producing chemicals. Compared with teen dog owners, those 2 were less friendly and worse behaved. Next, 3 . To have a healthier mind, some 4 are suggested by scientists. 【答案】1．dog-owning teens have unique gut bacteria 2．without dogs 3．Microbes were transferred to mice 4．activities like daily dog interaction 【导语】本文主要介绍了狗对青少年心理健康的积极影响，通过研究发现狗能改变青少年肠道微生物群落，从而改善行为和情绪。 1．根据“Scientists found that teenagers who own dogs have a different community of microbes (微生物群落), often called “gut bacteria (肠道细菌)”, compared to those who don’t.”可知，养狗的青少年拥有独特的肠道菌群，故填dog-owning teens have unique gut bacteria。 2．根据“teens who don’t have dogs showed more behavior problems”可知，与养狗的青少年相比，没有狗的青少年没那么友好，行为也更差，故填without dogs。 3．根据“Next, scientists moved gut microbes from the teenagers to mice.”可知，接下来科学家将微生物转移到了老鼠身上，故填Microbes were transferred to mice。 4．根据最后一段科学家的建议可知，为了拥有更健康的心理，科学家建议了一些日常与狗狗互动的活动，故填activities like daily dog interaction。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分的总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Have you ever stopped to have a look at homeless animals around your neighborhood (街区)? From February to October, I noticed big changes in a homeless cat near our home. Every time I tried to get close to the cat on the street, it would run away quickly. I thought it was frightened and just wanted to be free, so I left it alone. But something amazing happened this October. About a week ago, my daughter Cindy started paying attention to it. Unlike me, Cindy didn’t try to touch it at once. She just sat nearby quietly, talking to it softly. Day by day, the cat began to believe in her. This morning Cindy gave it a small bowl of cat food. The cat ate happily and didn’t run off. That was when Cindy gave it a name—Sunny. It seemed that Sunny didn’t want to be homeless anymore. It followed Cindy all the way to our door. It looked like it had chosen Cindy to be its friend. It’s wonderful how friendship can change lives. Sunny is no longer alone, and Cindy has a sweet little friend to play with. Their story shows us that a little kindness can make a big difference, and a true friend really can make life more beautiful, no matter the friend has two legs or four. Animals can be friends of us. I found a homeless cat near my home. At first, it seemed that 1 . Then 2 . She stayed nearby with it quietly and talked to it softly. She named it Sunny. Now Cindy and Sunny 3 and Sunny has got a warm home. The story tells us that if we are 4 animals, they can become our true friends. 【答案】1．the cat was frightened and wanted freedom 2．my daughter Cindy tried to make friends with it 3．are good friends 4．kind to 【导语】本文讲述了作者的女儿通过耐心与善意，使一只起初警惕的流浪猫逐渐信任她，最终成为家庭一员的故事，展现了人与动物之间的情感纽带。 1．根据“I thought it was frightened and just wanted to be free…”可知，起初猫似乎只想自由地生活。故填the cat was frightened and wanted freedom。 2．根据“Cindy started paying attention to it...talking to it softly.”可知，女儿开始尝试与猫建立友谊。故填my daughter Cindy tried to make friends with it。 3．根据“Cindy has a sweet little friend to play with”可知，现在她们已成为好朋友。故填are good friends。 4．根据“Their story shows us that a little kindness can make a big difference…”可知，只要我们善待动物，它们就能成为我们的朋友。故填kind to。 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过 3个词。 As teens get older, parents face a challenge: how to keep them safe while also letting them learn to be independent. One good way is to set a curfew. The curfew is a certain time by which someone needs to be at home. It’s a tool used by parents to keep their children safe and teach them to follow the rules. Curfews are usually set for the night when social risks are higher. Research shows teens need 8-10 hours of sleep each night. Without enough sleep, they may have worse mental and physical health and lower school results. Setting a curfew helps them build a clear bedtime and get better rest. The curfew can also help teens avoid bad pressure from friends. It also helps them learn how to be careful and manage their time well. Some teens may see curfews as a type of control. Too strict curfews can hurt the parent-teen relationship, causing rebellion and cheating. So when setting curfews, parents should find a good balance between freedom and safety, building trust and a sense of duty. First, set a curfew that both agree on. Every family and teen is different. Generally, younger teens should have earlier curfews, and older teens later ones. Second, teens should talk to their parents when out. They should say where they are going, who they are with, and what they will do. If plans change, they need to share the new details. Third, make clear what happens if rules are broken. Let teens help decide the results. If they know and agree, they are more likely to act carefully. Setting a curfew means parents set a clear time for their teen 1 . It helps teens stay safe and learn 2 . A curfew also helps teens get enough sleep, which 3 and avoids bad effects like poor school results. A good curfew teaches teens to make the right decisions, build trust, and 4 . 【答案】1．to stay at home 2．how to follow rules 3．helps improve their health 4．mix/balance/combine freedom with rules. 【导语】本文主要介绍了宵禁对青少年安全、健康和成长的作用，并说明父母在设定宵禁时应在自由与规则之间取得平衡。 1．根据“The curfew is a certain time by which someone needs to be at home”可知宵禁指父母为孩子规定必须回家的时间。故填to stay at home。 2．根据“It’s a tool used by parents to keep their children safe and teach them to follow the rules”可知宵禁能帮助青少年学会遵守规则。故填how to follow rules。 3．根据“Without enough sleep, they may have worse mental and physical health”以及“Setting a curfew helps them…get better rest”可知宵禁有助于改善健康状况。故填helps improve their health。 4．根据“parents should find a good balance between freedom and safety”可知良好的宵禁能帮助青少年在自由与规则之间取得平衡。故填mix/balance/combine freedom with rules。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $