2026届高三英语重点中学联考阅读专项训练九（D篇）

1.安徽A10联盟2026届高三下学期2月开学学情检测英语试题 Recently, strange photos showed several dogs with bright blue fur living near the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine. The unusual sight surprised the animal workers who look after the dogs in the area. The animals are believed to be descendants of pets that were left behind after the Chernobyl disaster nearly 40 years ago, in what was then the Soviet Union. The blue dogs were seen wandering inside the Chernobyl exclusion zone this month. The group Dogs of Chernobyl, which works with the non-profit Clean Futures Fund, reported finding three dogs whose fur had suddenly turned blue. In a post on social media, the group said they were catching dogs for a sterilization program when they discovered the strange animals. “We are not sure why this happened,” the group wrote. Local people said the dogs had normal fur only a week earlier. Workers are now trying to catch the blue dogs to learn the cause of the color change. They believe the dogs might have touched or rolled in some kind of chemical substance. Apart from their blue fur, the dogs appeared active and healthy. Dogs of Chernobyl was founded in 2017 and provides food and medical care for about 700 dogs living in the 47-square-kilometre exclusion zone. These animals are the descendants of pets that were left behind in 1986, when people were forced to evacuate after a serious accident at the nuclear plant. On April 26, 1986, a test at one of the plant’s reactors went wrong because of several mistakes. A huge explosion destroyed the reactor’s roof and sent radioactive materials into the air. The Soviet government quickly evacuated around 30,000 people from the nearby town, but winds carried the radiation across large parts of Europe, reaching as far as Italy and France. The exact number of deaths remains unclear. Dozens of people suffered from severe radiation sickness soon after the accident, and some later died. Scientists at the time also warned of possible long-term health problems, including cancer, for those who had been exposed. 32. When were the blue dogs first noticed? A. This month. B. In early April. C. Nearly 40 years ago. D. During a test in 1986. 33. What can be reasonably inferred from the dogs’ fur color change? A. It probably resulted from recent chemical contact. B. It is a common seasonal change for dogs in the area. C. The dogs are seriously sick from radiation exposure. D. The dogs have been recently fed on some special food. 34. What is the main goal of Dogs of Chernobyl? A. Feeding and treating dogs. B. Reuniting dogs with old owners. C. Training dogs for security work. D. Preventing dogs from spreading radiation. 35. What’s the chief purpose of the last two paragraphs? A. To explain why dogs turned blue. B. To introduce Dogs of Chernobyl group. C. To provide some background information. D. To discuss long-term health effects of radiation. 2.浙江浙南名校、七彩阳光 精诚联盟、金兰教育2025-2026学年2月高三下学期返校联考英语试题 A typical single- family house is encircled by green, its shrubs(灌木) and plants sitting just under windows and hugging external walls. It's an image that California is trying to get homeowners to rethink as the state's risk of extreme wildfires grows. One year after the fast- moving Eaton and Palisades Fires destroyed more than 16,000 structures in Los Angeles, California is drafting the toughest statewide rules in the country for vegetation. In areas at risk of wildfires, homeowners would be required to clear some or all of the plants within five feet of their house, depending on what regulators decide. Well- maintained trees would still be allowed.The idea, called Zone Zero, is to prevent plants and flammable items from catching fire during a wildfire, spreading flames to the house and the surrounding neighborhood. Still, the pushback has been strong, even in the Los Angeles area neighborhoods where so many lost homes. In public meetings, homeowners have voiced concerns about losing greenery and shade,as well as the cost of clearing the vegetation. Some say they believe plants saved their homes by acting as a buffer(缓冲), though many scientific studies show that vegetation increases the risk a building will burn. The new defensible space rules will affect about 17% of buildings in California. Max Moritz, wildfire specialist at UC Santa Barbara, is one of the few fire experts who say that green plants may not pose a risk to houses and that more research needs to be done. Greener plants,which hold water in their leaves, are harder to ignite. He agrees that some plants, like highly flammable juniper and cypress, should not be allowed, nor should plants with dead leaves or dry branches. “The really important aspect to the plants is the dead material,” he says.“If most homeowners are just going to let dead material accumulate in Zone Zero anyway, then it makes sense that there shouldn't be any plants in Zone Zero.” 32. What is California's concern about typical single- family houses? A. They are easy to catch fire. B. They need routine maintenance. C. They are packed closely together. D. They can't resist extreme weather. 33. Why does the author mention Los Angeles in paragraph 3? A. To illustrate the severity of wildfires. B. To show strong objections to the new rules. C. To emphasize public concerns about wildfires. D. To indicate the widespread effect of the new rules. 34. According to Moritz, what is the key to preventing wildfires in Zone Zero? A. Clearing away green plants. B. Watering plants more often. C. Getting rid of dead material in time. D. Doing more research on plants. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Wildfires: A Deadly threat to California B. Zone Zero: A New Way to Maintain Plants C. California is Drafting Toughest Rules for Plants D. Experts are Divided on the Functions of Greenery 3.山东名校联盟2026届高三下学期2月份核心素养评估考试英语试卷 Facial expressions are central to social life, yet scientists still don’t fully understand how the brain produces them. For decades, one influential theory has held that what appears on your face is largely an emotional reflex — an honest, automatic readout of what you feel inside. But that view struggles to explain the fact that we often tailor our expressions to the moment. To find out what’s going on in the brain during facial expressions, researchers turned to monkeys. They recorded neural (神经的) activity while the animals interacted with one another in the lab. The team’s results published in Science came as a surprise: the monkeys’ expressions, from a threatening face to a friendly “lip-smacking”, were generated by both the medial cortex (内侧皮层) and lateral cortex (外侧皮层). These two brain regions were long thought to operate independently, but the study showed that both of them participated in the production of all kinds of facial expressions. The two regions did, however, run at different speeds. Activity in the lateral cortex reoriented quickly, to coordinate the rapid facial movements that make for smooth social interaction. By contrast, things happen at a more leisurely pace in the medial cortex, perhaps allowing it to track slow-changing contextual factors that influence facial expressions. What’s more, both neural patterns show up before facial movements do, suggesting the brain prepares expressions in advance. This all raises a question: Do monkeys intentionally plan the faces they make? That’s the interpretation evolutionary psychologists explore in the new study. If facial expressions are partly voluntary, they may be less like emotional mirrors and more like “tools for social influence”, as the researchers put it. At the very least, they seem to arise from complex interactions between emotion and cognition. Alan Fridlund, a social and evolutionary psychologist who was not involved in this study, has no trouble believing monkeys hold their faces strategically. But he doubts that staged, lab-bound interactions can capture the full reality of monkeys’ communications, or the neural activity underlying it; ideally, future research would take place in the monkeys’ natural environment. Still, Fridlund says, the new study “tells us in infinitely more detail how we can investigate the neurology of facial displays.” 12. What does the study reveal about the medial cortex and lateral cortex? A. They record neural activities. B. They perform different functions. C. They cooperate to create expressions. D. They stimulate the conveyance of emotions. 13. What does the underlined word “reoriented” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Shifted. B. Decreased. C. Appeared. D. Expanded. 14. What is Alan Fridlund’s suggestion for future research? A. Collecting specific data. B. Experimenting in nature. C. Detailing the observations. D. Expanding research subjects. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. What matters to socialization? B. Decode the signals of emotions C. Facial expressions mirror emotions D. Are facial displays made intentionally? 4.重庆市沙坪坝区重庆市第八中学校2025-2026学年度下学期高三年级入学考试英语试题 When 28-year-old Clara lost her father in 2024, she inherited not only his property but also a voice-activated AI chatbot loaded with his voice, messages and unique laughter — a “digital doppelgänger” her father made to “stay with the family forever.” While the chatbot brought temporary comfort, it triggered a fierce dispute with her brother: Was this AI a legal part of their father’s heritage, or just a cold digital simulation to be deleted? The boom of generative AI has spawned a new type of asset — AI-enabled digital heritage,which covers traditional digital files as well as AI avatars and chatbots trained on personal data.Unlike tangible property or static (静态的) digital assets, this new heritage can mimic human behavior, interact with survivors and even “evolve” with new inputs, plunging legal and ethical systems as well as families into uncharted waters. Legally, most countries lack specific regulations for AI digital heritage, as existing inheritance laws, drafted for tangible assets and static data, fail to apply to dynamic AI entities with a degree of autonomy. A 2025 landmark case in Japan ruled that a deceased manga artist’s AI avatar could be inherited as a copyright-related work, yet the decision aroused controversy:critics argued that treating AI simulations as inheritable property ignores the intangible nature of personal identity. Ethically, the debate is deeper. Supporters stress its emotional value — an AI chatbot recalling shared memories in a loved one’s voice can ease grief, as a 2025 study by the International Institute of Digital Ethics showed 62% of respondents reported reduced depression after interacting with such AI. Opponents, however, warn of harms: over-reliance may hinder natural grief, and the AI could be exploited by hackers or companies for personal gain without consent. As AI advances, this issue will grow more pressing. Legal scholars call for “digital will” frameworks, while ethicists advocate balancing emotional needs with risks. Ultimately, the core debate lies in a fundamental question: In the digital age, what does it mean to preserve a person’s legacy, and where do we draw the line between honoring memory and exploiting the past? 32. What can be inferred from Clara’s case? A. Unclear rules cause family conflicts. B. AI fully copies the deceased’s personality. C. AI heritage is families' most valuable asset. D. Most reject AI doppelgängers as inheritance. 33. Why does the author cite the 2025 study? A. AI interaction cures depression. B. AI has potential emotional value. C. AI benefits all grieving families. D. AI doesn’t hinder the grieving process. 34. What is the author’s attitude towards current AI digital heritage regulation? A. Optimistic. B. Critical. C. Concerned. D. Indifferent. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. New Rules for New Heritage B. Digital Death or Digital Life? C. AI: A New Way to Remember D. AI Heritage: Law and Love in Balance 5.2026届云南昭通市第一中学等三校高考备考实用性联考卷（六）英语试题 It has long been assumed that identical twins, who share nearly 100% of their genetic code, would have almost identical levels of intelligence. However, a recent study challenges this assumption, revealing that even with the same genes, significant differences in IQ can exist. The research focused on a unique aspect of biology: epigenetics (表观遗传学). Epigenetics involves chemical markers that attach to DNA. These marks don’t change the DNA sequence (序列) itself, but they can turn genes “on” or “off,” influencing how they are expressed. Think of DNA as the hardware of a computer — the fixed instructions. Epigenetic marks are then like the software that decides which programs run and how they operate. Scientists studied pairs of identical twins and found that while their DNA sequences were the same, their epigenetic landscapes were not. These epigenetic differences accumulate over a person’s lifetime due to factors like unique life experiences, different diets, exposure to distinct environmental pollutants, or even varied social interactions. The study discovered a strong correlation between these different epigenetic patterns and measurable differences in the twins’ IQ scores. In some pairs, the IQ difference was as large as that typically seen between two unrelated individuals. This finding is significant because it moves the conversation beyond the classic “nature vs. nurture” debate. It suggests a more complex mechanism: genes set the potential, but life experiences write an epigenetic layer on top, which fine-tunes how that potential is realized. This understanding helps explain why one twin might develop a different cognitive ability or even more likely to develop certain mental health conditions than the other. The implications of this research extend far beyond twins. It provides a biological explanation for how our personal experiences and environment actively shape our brain’s function and cognitive abilities throughout our lives, offering a new framework for understanding human intelligence and individual differences. 32. According to the passage, what is the traditional assumption about identical twins’ IQs? A. Their IQs are shaped by their upbringing and environment. B. They often have significant differences in IQ due to different lives. C. Their intelligence levels are almost the same due to identical genes. D. Their IQ scores are not influenced by genetic factors. 33. What can be inferred from the study’s findings about intelligence? A. Genes are the only factor that determines a person’s IQ level. B. Life experiences may cause changes in a person’s DNA sequence. C. Gene expression is regulated by environmental factors. D. The cognitive differences between twins are smaller. 34. What is the author’s attitude toward the findings of this study? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Neutral. D. Disappointed. 35. Where is this passage most likely taken from? A. A personal diary. B. A non-fiction novel. C. A history textbook. D. A science news report. 6.湖北省云学联盟2026届高三年级2月阶段训练英语试卷 My husband, Brandon, has been collecting toys since 17, beginning with a 3-inch Obi-Wan Kenobi, more Star Wars figures following, and eventually, our three-car garage became packed with his collectibles. He’s far from alone. Research estimates that one in three adults collects something, a pastime linked to significant cognitive and psychological benefits. I have always been struck by Brandon’s remarkably sharp memory. I wondered if his lifelong collecting habit actively trained his brain. Neuroscientist Shirley Mueller confirms its possibility. She explains building a meaningful collection demands research, planning, and organization, all of which stimulate the brain’s executive functions, serving as an effective mental exercise enhancing skills like working memory and strategic thinking. Beyond cognition, collecting engages the brain’s pleasure center, offering comfort without negative side effects. Functional MRI studies reveal that acquiring a meaningful item activates the same neural pathways as joy, fueled by anticipation. Psychologically, the hobby allows individuals to set tangible and achievable goals, promoting a strong sense of competence, progress, and personal control. This rewarding sense of agency likely explains why many turned to collecting for comfort and stability during periods of uncertainty — a key reason why the hobby saw a visible increase in popularity during the pandemic, even among newcomers. Additionally, collecting often involves positive nostalgia (怀旧). Revisiting cherished memories and items can activate the body’s relaxation response, reducing stress and promoting calm. “It’s a way for the collector to temporarily let go of burdens and find joy,” says Mueller. This also agrees with the “pleasure principle.” Furthermore, collecting fulfills fundamental humans’ social needs. The community it creates satisfies the need for connection and relatedness. Engaging with fellow enthusiasts builds social bonds and support, which are crucial for emotional well-being. For Brandon, his collection is not merely connected to the past. It is a living and evolving project that continuously sharpens his mind, offers comfort to his spirit, and connects him to a story much larger than himself. It is a personal legacy built on joy, learning, and connection. 32. Why did collecting become more popular during the pandemic? A. People had much more time at home. B. The positive nostalgia people had for old items. C. The value of collectibles increased. D. It provided a sense of control and comfort. 33. What does Paragraph 6 mainly focus on? A. The fulfillment of fundamental human needs. B. The social benefits from the collection circles. C. The cognitive improvement through collection. D. The great importance of emotional well-being. 34. What can we infer about Brandon’s collection from the text? A. It is primarily intended for investment. B. It costs him too much time and money. C. It serves as a connector with his children. D. It is a personal meaningful lifelong project. 35. What is the writer’s main purpose of writing the article? A. To discuss the economic trends in the collectibles market. B. To advocate taking up collecting as a beneficial hobby. C. To explain the various science-backed benefits of collecting. D. To share a touching personal story about her husband’s collection. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 1.安徽A10联盟2026届高三下学期2月开学学情检测英语试题 Recently, strange photos showed several dogs with bright blue fur living near the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine. The unusual sight surprised the animal workers who look after the dogs in the area. The animals are believed to be descendants of pets that were left behind after the Chernobyl disaster nearly 40 years ago, in what was then the Soviet Union. The blue dogs were seen wandering inside the Chernobyl exclusion zone this month. The group Dogs of Chernobyl, which works with the non-profit Clean Futures Fund, reported finding three dogs whose fur had suddenly turned blue. In a post on social media, the group said they were catching dogs for a sterilization program when they discovered the strange animals. “We are not sure why this happened,” the group wrote. Local people said the dogs had normal fur only a week earlier. Workers are now trying to catch the blue dogs to learn the cause of the color change. They believe the dogs might have touched or rolled in some kind of chemical substance. Apart from their blue fur, the dogs appeared active and healthy. Dogs of Chernobyl was founded in 2017 and provides food and medical care for about 700 dogs living in the 47-square-kilometre exclusion zone. These animals are the descendants of pets that were left behind in 1986, when people were forced to evacuate after a serious accident at the nuclear plant. On April 26, 1986, a test at one of the plant’s reactors went wrong because of several mistakes. A huge explosion destroyed the reactor’s roof and sent radioactive materials into the air. The Soviet government quickly evacuated around 30,000 people from the nearby town, but winds carried the radiation across large parts of Europe, reaching as far as Italy and France. The exact number of deaths remains unclear. Dozens of people suffered from severe radiation sickness soon after the accident, and some later died. Scientists at the time also warned of possible long-term health problems, including cancer, for those who had been exposed. 32. When were the blue dogs first noticed? A. This month. B. In early April. C. Nearly 40 years ago. D. During a test in 1986. 33. What can be reasonably inferred from the dogs’ fur color change? A. It probably resulted from recent chemical contact. B. It is a common seasonal change for dogs in the area. C. The dogs are seriously sick from radiation exposure. D. The dogs have been recently fed on some special food. 34. What is the main goal of Dogs of Chernobyl? A. Feeding and treating dogs. B. Reuniting dogs with old owners. C. Training dogs for security work. D. Preventing dogs from spreading radiation. 35. What’s the chief purpose of the last two paragraphs? A. To explain why dogs turned blue. B. To introduce Dogs of Chernobyl group. C. To provide some background information. D. To discuss long-term health effects of radiation. 【答案】32. A 33. A 34. A 35. C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍乌克兰切尔诺贝利禁区出现蓝毛狗，工作人员推测因接触化学物质所致，并介绍了该地流浪狗的由来及核事故背景。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The blue dogs were seen wandering inside the Chernobyl exclusion zone this month.(这些蓝色狗本月被看到在切尔诺贝利禁区内游荡)”可知，蓝色狗是这个月才被发现。故选A项。 【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Workers are now trying to catch the blue dogs to learn the cause of the color change. They believe the dogs might have touched or rolled in some kind of chemical substance.(工作人员现在正试图捕捉这些蓝色的狗，以了解其颜色变化的原因。他们认为这些狗可能触碰到或滚入某种化学物质中)”可知，狗毛变蓝色可能是由于最近的化学物质接触所致。故选A项。 【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Dogs of Chernobyl was founded in 2017 and provides food and medical care for about 700 dogs living in the 47-square-kilometre exclusion zone.(‘切尔诺贝利的狗’组织成立于2017年，为生活在47平方公里禁区内的约700只狗提供食物和医疗服务)”可知，该组织的主要目标是为这些狗提供食物和医疗救治。故选A项。 【35题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“On April 26, 1986, a test at one of the plant’s reactors went wrong because of several mistakes.(1986年4月26日，由于几个错误，该核电站其中一个反应堆的测试出了问题。)”及最后一段中的“The exact number of deaths remains unclear.(确切的死亡人数仍不清楚。)”可知，这两段回顾了1986年切尔诺贝利核事故的起因、爆炸后果、人员疏散及健康影响，属于补充历史背景，帮助读者理解为何禁区会有流浪狗存在。故选C项。 2.浙江浙南名校、七彩阳光 精诚联盟、金兰教育2025-2026学年2月高三下学期返校联考英语试题 A typical single- family house is encircled by green, its shrubs(灌木) and plants sitting just under windows and hugging external walls. It's an image that California is trying to get homeowners to rethink as the state's risk of extreme wildfires grows. One year after the fast- moving Eaton and Palisades Fires destroyed more than 16,000 structures in Los Angeles, California is drafting the toughest statewide rules in the country for vegetation. In areas at risk of wildfires, homeowners would be required to clear some or all of the plants within five feet of their house, depending on what regulators decide. Well- maintained trees would still be allowed.The idea, called Zone Zero, is to prevent plants and flammable items from catching fire during a wildfire, spreading flames to the house and the surrounding neighborhood. Still, the pushback has been strong, even in the Los Angeles area neighborhoods where so many lost homes. In public meetings, homeowners have voiced concerns about losing greenery and shade,as well as the cost of clearing the vegetation. Some say they believe plants saved their homes by acting as a buffer(缓冲), though many scientific studies show that vegetation increases the risk a building will burn. The new defensible space rules will affect about 17% of buildings in California. Max Moritz, wildfire specialist at UC Santa Barbara, is one of the few fire experts who say that green plants may not pose a risk to houses and that more research needs to be done. Greener plants,which hold water in their leaves, are harder to ignite. He agrees that some plants, like highly flammable juniper and cypress, should not be allowed, nor should plants with dead leaves or dry branches. “The really important aspect to the plants is the dead material,” he says.“If most homeowners are just going to let dead material accumulate in Zone Zero anyway, then it makes sense that there shouldn't be any plants in Zone Zero.” 32. What is California's concern about typical single- family houses? A. They are easy to catch fire. B. They need routine maintenance. C. They are packed closely together. D. They can't resist extreme weather. 33. Why does the author mention Los Angeles in paragraph 3? A. To illustrate the severity of wildfires. B. To show strong objections to the new rules. C. To emphasize public concerns about wildfires. D. To indicate the widespread effect of the new rules. 34. According to Moritz, what is the key to preventing wildfires in Zone Zero? A. Clearing away green plants. B. Watering plants more often. C. Getting rid of dead material in time. D. Doing more research on plants. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Wildfires: A Deadly threat to California B. Zone Zero: A New Way to Maintain Plants C. California is Drafting Toughest Rules for Plants D. Experts are Divided on the Functions of Greenery 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了加州因野火风险加剧，正起草全美最严格的州级植被管理规定，要求野火风险 区的房主清理房屋五英尺内的部分或全部植被，即“零区 ”政策，以防止植被引燃房屋。该政策遭到了房主的强烈 反对，而消防专家对此也有不同看法，部分专家认为绿植并非一定有火灾风险，关键在于清理枯萎的植被。 【32 题详解】推理判断题。根据原文第一段第 2 句“It's an image that California is trying to get homeowners to rethink as the state's risk of extreme wildfires grows. ”及第二段第 3 句 “ The idea, called Zone Zero, is to prevent plants and flammable items from catching fire during a wildfire, spreading flames to the house and the surrounding neighborhood. ”可 知，加州担心传统独栋房屋周边的植被在野火中易被引燃，进而烧到房屋，即房屋容易着火。故选 A 错误选项分析：B（它们需要日常维护）：原文未提及房屋的日常维护问题，该选项错误。C（它们建得十分密集）：原文无相关表述，该选项错误。D（它们无法抵御极端天气）：加州的担忧是房屋易因周边植被被野火引燃，并非无法抵御所有极端天气，该选项以 偏概全，错误。 【33 题详解】写作目的题。根据原文第三段第 1 句“Still, the pushback has been strong, even in the Los Angeles area neighborhoods where so many lost homes. ”可知，作者提及洛杉矶是为了说明即便在该地区，新规定也遭到了强烈的 反对。故选 B 错误选项分析：A（说明野火的严重性）：洛杉矶曾遭遇严重野火是背景信息，作者提及此处的核心是展示对新规定的反对，该选项 错误。C（强调公众对野火的担忧）：本段主要讲述公众对新规定的反对，并非对野火的担忧，该选项错误。D（表明新规定的广泛影响）：原文第三段最后一句提及新规定影响加州 17%的建筑，这是说明其影响，而提及洛杉矶是为了说明反对声，该选项错误。 【34 题详解】细节理解题。根据原文最后一段第 1 句“The really important aspect to the plants is the dead material, ” （这些植物真正关键的问题是枯萎的枝叶）及第 2 句“If most homeowners are just going to let dead material accumulate in Zone Zero anyway, then it makes sense that there shouldn't be any plants in Zone Zero. ”可知，莫里茨认为预防零区野 火的关键是及时清理枯萎的植被。故选 C 错误选项分析：A（清理绿色植物）：莫里茨认为绿色植物并非一定有风险，无需全部清理，该选项错误。B（更频繁地给植物浇水）：原文未提及浇水相关内容，该选项错误。D（对植物开展更多研究）：莫里茨只是认为需要对绿植的火灾风险开展更多研究，这并非预防零区野火的关键，该 选项错误。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章核心围绕加州因野火风险起草最严格的植被管理规定展开，介绍了规定 的内容、民众的反对及专家的不同看法。因此 California is Drafting Toughest Rules for Plants 最适合作为文章标题。故选 C 错误选项分析：A（野火：加州的致命威胁）：野火是背景，文章核心是加州的植被管理新规，该选项偏离主旨，错误。B（零区：一种养护植物的新方式）：零区政策是为了预防火灾，并非养护植物，该选项错误。D（专家对绿植的作用存在分歧）：专家的分歧是文章的部分内容，并非核心，该选项以偏概全，错误。 3.山东名校联盟2026届高三下学期2月份核心素养评估考试英语试卷 Facial expressions are central to social life, yet scientists still don’t fully understand how the brain produces them. For decades, one influential theory has held that what appears on your face is largely an emotional reflex — an honest, automatic readout of what you feel inside. But that view struggles to explain the fact that we often tailor our expressions to the moment. To find out what’s going on in the brain during facial expressions, researchers turned to monkeys. They recorded neural (神经的) activity while the animals interacted with one another in the lab. The team’s results published in Science came as a surprise: the monkeys’ expressions, from a threatening face to a friendly “lip-smacking”, were generated by both the medial cortex (内侧皮层) and lateral cortex (外侧皮层). These two brain regions were long thought to operate independently, but the study showed that both of them participated in the production of all kinds of facial expressions. The two regions did, however, run at different speeds. Activity in the lateral cortex reoriented quickly, to coordinate the rapid facial movements that make for smooth social interaction. By contrast, things happen at a more leisurely pace in the medial cortex, perhaps allowing it to track slow-changing contextual factors that influence facial expressions. What’s more, both neural patterns show up before facial movements do, suggesting the brain prepares expressions in advance. This all raises a question: Do monkeys intentionally plan the faces they make? That’s the interpretation evolutionary psychologists explore in the new study. If facial expressions are partly voluntary, they may be less like emotional mirrors and more like “tools for social influence”, as the researchers put it. At the very least, they seem to arise from complex interactions between emotion and cognition. Alan Fridlund, a social and evolutionary psychologist who was not involved in this study, has no trouble believing monkeys hold their faces strategically. But he doubts that staged, lab-bound interactions can capture the full reality of monkeys’ communications, or the neural activity underlying it; ideally, future research would take place in the monkeys’ natural environment. Still, Fridlund says, the new study “tells us in infinitely more detail how we can investigate the neurology of facial displays.” 12. What does the study reveal about the medial cortex and lateral cortex? A. They record neural activities. B. They perform different functions. C. They cooperate to create expressions. D. They stimulate the conveyance of emotions. 13. What does the underlined word “reoriented” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Shifted. B. Decreased. C. Appeared. D. Expanded. 14. What is Alan Fridlund’s suggestion for future research? A. Collecting specific data. B. Experimenting in nature. C. Detailing the observations. D. Expanding research subjects. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. What matters to socialization? B. Decode the signals of emotions C. Facial expressions mirror emotions D. Are facial displays made intentionally? 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍一项发表在《Science》上的研究，探讨了面部表情的神经机制，挑战了“表情=情绪自动反射”的传统观点，提出了表情可能是认知与情绪交互作用、具有社交目的性的新视角。 【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The team’s results published in Science came as a surprise: the monkeys’ expressions, from a threatening face to a friendly “lip-smacking”, were generated by both the medial cortex (内侧皮层) and lateral cortex (外侧皮层). These two brain regions were long thought to operate independently, but the study showed that both of them participated in the production of all kinds of facial expressions.(该团队发表在《科学》杂志上的研究结果令人惊讶：猴子从威胁性的表情到友好的“咂嘴”等各种表情，都是由内侧皮层和外侧皮层共同产生的。长久以来，人们一直认为这两个大脑区域独立运作，但这项研究表明，它们都参与了各种面部表情的产生。)”可知，这项研究揭示了内侧皮层和外侧皮层协同作用以形成表情。故选C。 【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Activity in the lateral cortex reoriented quickly, to coordinate the rapid facial movements that make for smooth social interaction(外侧皮层的活动能快速reoriented，以协调那些有助于实现流畅社交互动的快速面部动作)”可知，外侧皮层的活动迅速调整，以协调快速面部动作，从而实现顺畅的社交互动，reoriented的意思是“调整”，和shifted意思相近。故选A。 【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“But he doubts that staged, lab-bound interactions can capture the full reality of monkeys’ communications, or the neural activity underlying it; ideally, future research would take place in the monkeys’ natural environment.(不过，他怀疑在实验室这种人为安排的互动场景中，能否捕捉到猴子交流及其背后神经活动的全部真相；理想情况下，未来的研究应在猴子的自然环境中进行。)”可知，艾伦·弗里德伦德对于未来的研究的建议是在自然环境中进行实验。故选B。 【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段“This all raises a question: Do monkeys intentionally plan the faces they make? That’s the interpretation evolutionary psychologists explore in the new study. If facial expressions are partly voluntary, they may be less like emotional mirrors and more like “tools for social influence”, as the researchers put it. At the very least, they seem to arise from complex interactions between emotion and cognition.(这一切引发了一个问题：猴子会有意规划自己的面部表情吗？这是进化心理学家在这项新研究中探讨的一种解释。如果面部表情在一定程度上是自愿做出的，那么它们可能就不太像是情绪的镜子，而更像是“社交影响的工具”，正如研究人员所说的那样。至少，面部表情似乎是由情绪和认知之间的复杂相互作用产生的。)”可知，本文主要介绍这项发表在《Science》上的研究，探讨了面部表情的神经机制，挑战了“表情=情绪自动反射”的传统观点，提出了表情可能是认知与情绪交互作用、具有社交目的性的新视角，因此最恰当的标题是D选项“Are facial displays made intentionally?(面部表情是刻意做出的吗？)”。故选D。 4.重庆市沙坪坝区重庆市第八中学校2025-2026学年度下学期高三年级入学考试英语试题 When 28-year-old Clara lost her father in 2024, she inherited not only his property but also a voice-activated AI chatbot loaded with his voice, messages and unique laughter — a “digital doppelgänger” her father made to “stay with the family forever.” While the chatbot brought temporary comfort, it triggered a fierce dispute with her brother: Was this AI a legal part of their father’s heritage, or just a cold digital simulation to be deleted? The boom of generative AI has spawned a new type of asset — AI-enabled digital heritage,which covers traditional digital files as well as AI avatars and chatbots trained on personal data.Unlike tangible property or static (静态的) digital assets, this new heritage can mimic human behavior, interact with survivors and even “evolve” with new inputs, plunging legal and ethical systems as well as families into uncharted waters. Legally, most countries lack specific regulations for AI digital heritage, as existing inheritance laws, drafted for tangible assets and static data, fail to apply to dynamic AI entities with a degree of autonomy. A 2025 landmark case in Japan ruled that a deceased manga artist’s AI avatar could be inherited as a copyright-related work, yet the decision aroused controversy:critics argued that treating AI simulations as inheritable property ignores the intangible nature of personal identity. Ethically, the debate is deeper. Supporters stress its emotional value — an AI chatbot recalling shared memories in a loved one’s voice can ease grief, as a 2025 study by the International Institute of Digital Ethics showed 62% of respondents reported reduced depression after interacting with such AI. Opponents, however, warn of harms: over-reliance may hinder natural grief, and the AI could be exploited by hackers or companies for personal gain without consent. As AI advances, this issue will grow more pressing. Legal scholars call for “digital will” frameworks, while ethicists advocate balancing emotional needs with risks. Ultimately, the core debate lies in a fundamental question: In the digital age, what does it mean to preserve a person’s legacy, and where do we draw the line between honoring memory and exploiting the past? 32. What can be inferred from Clara’s case? A. Unclear rules cause family conflicts. B. AI fully copies the deceased’s personality. C. AI heritage is families' most valuable asset. D. Most reject AI doppelgängers as inheritance. 33. Why does the author cite the 2025 study? A. AI interaction cures depression. B. AI has potential emotional value. C. AI benefits all grieving families. D. AI doesn’t hinder the grieving process. 34. What is the author’s attitude towards current AI digital heritage regulation? A. Optimistic. B. Critical. C. Concerned. D. Indifferent. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. New Rules for New Heritage B. Digital Death or Digital Life? C. AI: A New Way to Remember D. AI Heritage: Law and Love in Balance 【答案】32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了生成式人工智能的兴起引发了关于人工智能数字遗产在法律和伦理方面的激烈争论。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“While the chatbot brought temporary comfort, it triggered a fierce dispute with her brother: Was this AI a legal part of their father’s heritage, or just a cold digital simulation to be deleted?(虽然这个聊天机器人带来了暂时的安慰，但它引发了她与哥哥的激烈争执：这个人工智能是他们父亲遗产的合法部分，还是一个应该被删除的冰冷的数字模拟？)”以及第三段“Legally, most countries lack specific regulations for AI digital heritage, as existing inheritance laws, drafted for tangible assets and static data, fail to apply to dynamic AI entities with a degree of autonomy.(在法律上，大多数国家缺乏针对人工智能数字遗产的具体法规，因为现有的继承法是针对有形资产和静态数据制定的，不适用于具有一定自主性的动态人工智能实体)”可知，由于缺乏明确规则，导致家庭内部出现冲突。故选A。 【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Ethically, the debate is deeper. Supporters stress its emotional value — an AI chatbot recalling shared memories in a loved one’s voice can ease grief, as a 2025 study by the International Institute of Digital Ethics showed 62% of respondents reported reduced depression after interacting with such AI.(在伦理上，争论更为深入。支持者强调其情感价值——一个用亲人声音回忆共同记忆的人工智能聊天机器人可以缓解悲伤，正如国际数字伦理研究所2025年的一项研究显示，62%的受访者表示在与这种人工智能互动后抑郁情绪有所减轻)”可知，作者引用2025年的研究是为了说明人工智能具有潜在的情感价值。故选B。 【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Legally, most countries lack specific regulations for AI digital heritage, as existing inheritance laws, drafted for tangible assets and static data, fail to apply to dynamic AI entities with a degree of autonomy.(在法律上，大多数国家缺乏针对人工智能数字遗产的具体法规，因为现有的继承法是针对有形资产和静态数据制定的，不适用于具有一定自主性的动态人工智能实体)”以及最后一段“As AI advances, this issue will grow more pressing. Legal scholars call for “digital will” frameworks, while ethicists advocate balancing emotional needs with risks.(随着人工智能的发展，这个问题将变得更加紧迫。法律学者呼吁建立“数字遗嘱”框架，而伦理学家则主张平衡情感需求与风险)”可知，作者对于当前人工智能数字遗产的监管现状是担忧的。故选C。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要围绕人工智能数字遗产展开，讨论了其在法律和伦理方面的问题，强调需要在法律和情感之间找到平衡，选项D“AI Heritage: Law and Love in Balance(人工智能遗产：法律与爱的平衡)”最符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D。 5.2026届云南昭通市第一中学等三校高考备考实用性联考卷（六）英语试题 It has long been assumed that identical twins, who share nearly 100% of their genetic code, would have almost identical levels of intelligence. However, a recent study challenges this assumption, revealing that even with the same genes, significant differences in IQ can exist. The research focused on a unique aspect of biology: epigenetics (表观遗传学). Epigenetics involves chemical markers that attach to DNA. These marks don’t change the DNA sequence (序列) itself, but they can turn genes “on” or “off,” influencing how they are expressed. Think of DNA as the hardware of a computer — the fixed instructions. Epigenetic marks are then like the software that decides which programs run and how they operate. Scientists studied pairs of identical twins and found that while their DNA sequences were the same, their epigenetic landscapes were not. These epigenetic differences accumulate over a person’s lifetime due to factors like unique life experiences, different diets, exposure to distinct environmental pollutants, or even varied social interactions. The study discovered a strong correlation between these different epigenetic patterns and measurable differences in the twins’ IQ scores. In some pairs, the IQ difference was as large as that typically seen between two unrelated individuals. This finding is significant because it moves the conversation beyond the classic “nature vs. nurture” debate. It suggests a more complex mechanism: genes set the potential, but life experiences write an epigenetic layer on top, which fine-tunes how that potential is realized. This understanding helps explain why one twin might develop a different cognitive ability or even more likely to develop certain mental health conditions than the other. The implications of this research extend far beyond twins. It provides a biological explanation for how our personal experiences and environment actively shape our brain’s function and cognitive abilities throughout our lives, offering a new framework for understanding human intelligence and individual differences. 32. According to the passage, what is the traditional assumption about identical twins’ IQs? A. Their IQs are shaped by their upbringing and environment. B. They often have significant differences in IQ due to different lives. C. Their intelligence levels are almost the same due to identical genes. D. Their IQ scores are not influenced by genetic factors. 33. What can be inferred from the study’s findings about intelligence? A. Genes are the only factor that determines a person’s IQ level. B. Life experiences may cause changes in a person’s DNA sequence. C. Gene expression is regulated by environmental factors. D. The cognitive differences between twins are smaller. 34. What is the author’s attitude toward the findings of this study? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Neutral. D. Disappointed. 35. Where is this passage most likely taken from? A. A personal diary. B. A non-fiction novel. C. A history textbook. D. A science news report. 【答案】32. C 33. C 34. B 35. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，即同卵双胞胎的智商可能存在显著差异，这一发现挑战了传统观念，并揭示了表观遗传学在智力发展中的作用。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“It has long been assumed that identical twins, who share nearly 100% of their genetic code, would have almost identical levels of intelligence. (长期以来，人们一直认为同卵双胞胎的基因几乎完全相同，因此他们的智力水平也几乎相同。)”可知，传统观念认为同卵双胞胎由于基因相同，智力水平也几乎相同。故选C项。 【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Epigenetics involves chemical markers that attach to DNA. These marks don’t change the DNA sequence (序列) itself, but they can turn genes “on” or “off,” influencing how they are expressed. Think of DNA as the hardware of a computer — the fixed instructions. Epigenetic marks are then like the software that decides which programs run and how they operate. (表观遗传学涉及附着于DNA上的化学标记。这些标记本身不会改变DNA序列，却能像开关一样调控基因的“开启”或“关闭”，从而影响基因的表达方式。我们可以将DNA比作计算机的硬件——即固定的底层指令。而表观遗传标记则如同软件系统，决定着哪些程序被激活以及它们如何运行。)”以及第三段中“These epigenetic differences accumulate over a person’s lifetime due to factors like unique life experiences, different diets, exposure to distinct environmental pollutants, or even varied social interactions. (这些表观遗传差异会因个人独特的生活经历、不同的饮食、接触不同的环境污染物、甚至不同的社交互动等因素，而在人的一生中不断积累。)”可推知，环境因素(生活经历)会影响表观遗传，而表观遗传影响基因表达，这说明基因的表达受到环境因素的调控。由此推知，环境因素可以调节基因表达。故选C项。 【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The implications of this research extend far beyond twins. It provides a biological explanation for how our personal experiences and environment actively shape our brain’s function and cognitive abilities throughout our lives, offering a new framework for understanding human intelligence and individual differences. (这项研究的影响远远超出了双胞胎的范围。它为我们的个人经历和环境如何在一生中积极塑造我们的大脑功能和认知能力提供了生物学解释，为理解人类智力和个体差异提供了一个新的框架。)”可知，作者认为这项研究的意义深远，为理解人类智力和个体差异提供了新的视角，由此可推知，作者对这项研究的态度是支持的。故选B项。 【35题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“However, a recent study challenges this assumption, revealing that even with the same genes, significant differences in IQ can exist. (然而，最近的一项研究挑战了这一假设，揭示了即使基因相同，智商也可能存在显著差异。)”可知，章介绍了一项关于同卵双胞胎智力差异的最新科学研究，解释了其背后的表观遗传学机制，并探讨了研究的意义。这种客观报道最新科学发现的内容最有可能出现在科学新闻报道中。故选D项。 6.湖北省云学联盟2026届高三年级2月阶段训练英语试卷 My husband, Brandon, has been collecting toys since 17, beginning with a 3-inch Obi-Wan Kenobi, more Star Wars figures following, and eventually, our three-car garage became packed with his collectibles. He’s far from alone. Research estimates that one in three adults collects something, a pastime linked to significant cognitive and psychological benefits. I have always been struck by Brandon’s remarkably sharp memory. I wondered if his lifelong collecting habit actively trained his brain. Neuroscientist Shirley Mueller confirms its possibility. She explains building a meaningful collection demands research, planning, and organization, all of which stimulate the brain’s executive functions, serving as an effective mental exercise enhancing skills like working memory and strategic thinking. Beyond cognition, collecting engages the brain’s pleasure center, offering comfort without negative side effects. Functional MRI studies reveal that acquiring a meaningful item activates the same neural pathways as joy, fueled by anticipation. Psychologically, the hobby allows individuals to set tangible and achievable goals, promoting a strong sense of competence, progress, and personal control. This rewarding sense of agency likely explains why many turned to collecting for comfort and stability during periods of uncertainty — a key reason why the hobby saw a visible increase in popularity during the pandemic, even among newcomers. Additionally, collecting often involves positive nostalgia (怀旧). Revisiting cherished memories and items can activate the body’s relaxation response, reducing stress and promoting calm. “It’s a way for the collector to temporarily let go of burdens and find joy,” says Mueller. This also agrees with the “pleasure principle.” Furthermore, collecting fulfills fundamental humans’ social needs. The community it creates satisfies the need for connection and relatedness. Engaging with fellow enthusiasts builds social bonds and support, which are crucial for emotional well-being. For Brandon, his collection is not merely connected to the past. It is a living and evolving project that continuously sharpens his mind, offers comfort to his spirit, and connects him to a story much larger than himself. It is a personal legacy built on joy, learning, and connection. 32. Why did collecting become more popular during the pandemic? A. People had much more time at home. B. The positive nostalgia people had for old items. C. The value of collectibles increased. D. It provided a sense of control and comfort. 33. What does Paragraph 6 mainly focus on? A. The fulfillment of fundamental human needs. B. The social benefits from the collection circles. C. The cognitive improvement through collection. D. The great importance of emotional well-being. 34. What can we infer about Brandon’s collection from the text? A. It is primarily intended for investment. B. It costs him too much time and money. C. It serves as a connector with his children. D. It is a personal meaningful lifelong project. 35. What is the writer’s main purpose of writing the article? A. To discuss the economic trends in the collectibles market. B. To advocate taking up collecting as a beneficial hobby. C. To explain the various science-backed benefits of collecting. D. To share a touching personal story about her husband’s collection. 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍收藏爱好对人认知、心理与社交等方面的积极作用。 【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Psychologically, the hobby allows individuals to set tangible and achievable goals, promoting a strong sense of competence, progress, and personal control. This rewarding sense of agency likely explains why many turned to collecting for comfort and stability during periods of uncertainty — a key reason why the hobby saw a visible increase in popularity during the pandemic, even among newcomers.(从心理层面来看，这种爱好使人们能够设定具体且可实现的目标，从而增强胜任感、进步感和对个人的掌控感。这种令人满足的自主感很可能解释了为什么在不确定时期，许多人会通过收集来寻求安慰和稳定——这也是为什么在疫情期间，这项爱好不仅在老手中，而且在新手中都出现了显著的受欢迎程度的增长)”可知，在不确定时期(如疫情)，收藏因其能提供可实现的目标、掌控感和稳定感，从而带来慰藉，这正是其流行度激增的关键原因。故选D。 【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第六段“Furthermore, collecting fulfills fundamental humans’ social needs. The community it creates satisfies the need for connection and relatedness. Engaging with fellow enthusiasts builds social bonds and support, which are crucial for emotional well-being.(此外，收藏满足了人类的基本社交需求。它所创造的社区满足了人们对联系和关系的需求。与其他爱好者交流可以建立社会联系和支持，这对情感健康至关重要。)”可知，第六段主要讲的是收藏圈子带来的社交益处。故选B。 34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“For Brandon, his collection is not merely connected to the past. It is a living and evolving project that continuously sharpens his mind, offers comfort to his spirit, and connects him to a story much larger than himself. It is a personal legacy built on joy, learning, and connection.(对于Brandon而言，他的收藏不仅仅与过去有关。它是一个鲜活且不断发展的项目，它持续地锻炼着他的思维，给予他精神上的慰藉，并让他与一个远比他自己更为宏大的故事紧密相连。这是一份建立在快乐、学习和联系之上的个人遗产)”可知，Brandon的收藏不仅是怀旧，更是一个“持续发展、锻炼思维、抚慰心灵并连接更宏大故事”的项目，且称之为“建立在快乐、学习与连接上的个人遗产”。由此可推断，它是一项个人有意义且终身的项目。故选D。 【35题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“He’s far from alone. Research estimates that one in three adults collects something, a pastime linked to significant cognitive and psychological benefits.(他并非个例。研究显示，三分之一的成年人会进行某种收藏活动，这种爱好对认知和心理有着显著的益处)”可知，文章以Brandon的收藏经历为引，通过神经科学研究系统阐述了收藏在认知(如提升执行功能)、心理(如提供掌控感和怀旧慰藉)及社交(如建立社群连接)等方面的科学依据益处。因此，作者主要目的是解释收藏的各种科学支持的益处。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $