Unit11语法专项 反身代词&情态动词课件-2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语七年级下册

教学课件 新仁爱版七年级下册 Unit 11 语法专项—— 反身代词 & 情态动词（must/should） 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 掌握反身代词的形式、用法及常用固定搭配 区分must/mustn’t与should/shouldn’t的语气和用法场景 会用must表肯定猜测、can’t表否定猜测，规避易混点 能结合语境正确运用反身代词和情态动词完成各类题型 反身代词 - 完整形式对照表 人称/数 主格 反身代词 例句 第一人称单数 I myself I finish homework by myself. 第二人称单数 you yourself You should ask yourself first. 第三人称单数 she/he/it herself/himself/itself She taught herself math. 第一人称复数 we ourselves We enjoyed ourselves at the party. 第二人称复数 you yourselves You can do it yourselves. 第三人称复数 they themselves They went hiking by themselves. 反身代词 - 核心固定搭配 by oneself 独自，单独；teach oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快；dress oneself 自己穿衣 hurt oneself 伤到自己；look after oneself 照顾自己 tell oneself 告诫自己；learn sth by oneself 自学某物 搭配中反身代词需根据主语及时变换形式 反身代词 - 用法详解（作宾语） 作宾语时，动作由主语发出，且直接作用于主语自身 放在及物动词后，体现“主语做动作到自己身上”的含义 He hurt himself when playing basketball. 他打球时伤到了自己。 She can look after herself when her parents are out. 父母外出时她能照顾自己。 I often teach myself English in my free time. 我空闲时经常自学英语。 反身代词 - 用法详解（表语+同位语） 作表语：放在系动词后，描述主语的身体或精神状态 She is not herself today. 她今天状态不太好。 作同位语：放在主语后，强调“亲自、本人”，可删去不影响句意 I myself made this birthday cake for you. 我亲自为你做了这个生日蛋糕。 They themselves finished the work without help. 反身代词 vs 形容词性物主代词 反身代词：不接任何名词，表动作回指主语自身 例句：He washed himself quickly. 他快速地给自己洗了澡。 形容词性物主代词：必须后接名词，表所属关系 例句：He washed his hands quickly. 他快速地洗了手。 核心区分：看后面是否有名词，有则用形物代，无则考虑反身代词 反身代词 - 高频易错点 反身代词与主语人称/数不一致，如We enjoyed himself. 将反身代词后接名词，如This is myself book. 单独用反身代词作主语，如Myself went to the park. 混淆yourself和yourselves，忽略you的单复数语境 固定搭配中用错反身代词，如enjoy myself（主语为we时） 反身代词 - 基础小练（填空） 1.My brother can dress ________ (he) without his mother’s help. 2.We enjoyed ___________ (we) a lot at the New Year party. 3.The little cat hurt ___________ (it) when climbing the wall. 4.You should tell ___________ (you) to keep working hard. 5.They went to the museum by __________ (they) last Sunday. himself ourselves itself yourself themselves 二、情态动词 - 核心规则 本单元重点掌握must/mustn’t、should/shouldn’t的用法 情态动词后必须接动词原形，无人称和数的变化 可表义务、禁止、建议，还可用于对事物进行猜测 must表强硬语气，should表委婉语气，需结合场景选择 否定猜测不用mustn’t，用can’t，这是核心考点 情态动词 - must/mustn’t 表必须/禁止 must表“必须”，用于法定、校规、硬性义务，无商量余地 mustn’t表“禁止”，用于危险、违法、绝对不允许的行为 句式：主语+must/mustn’t+动词原形 You must wear a seat belt when driving. 开车时必须系安全带。 You mustn’t play with fire in the forest. 禁止在森林里玩火。 must的疑问句否定回答用needn’t，而非mustn’t 情态动词 - must的疑问句及回答 疑问句结构：Must+主语+动词原形？ 用于询问是否有做某事的硬性要求 —Must I finish the homework today? 我必须今天完成作业吗？ —Yes, you must. 是的，你必须。 —No, you needn’t. 不，你不必。 绝对不能用No, you mustn’t. 回答，避免语气混淆 情态动词 - should/shouldn’t 表应该/不应该 should表“应该”，用于健康、礼仪、学习等合理建议，语气委婉 shouldn’t表“不应该”，用于劝诫他人不要做某事，无强制意味 句式：主语+should/shouldn’t+动词原形 You should eat more fruit to keep healthy. 你应该多吃水果保持健康。 You shouldn’t talk loudly in the library. 你不应该在图书馆大声说话。 should的疑问句肯定回答用Yes, you should.，否定用No, you shouldn’t. 情态动词 - 猜测用法（must/can’t） must表肯定猜测，意为“一定、肯定”，只有肯定形式，有明确依据 can’t表否定猜测，意为“不可能”，是must的否定猜测形式，不用mustn’t 句式均为：主语+must/can’t+be+名词/形容词/介词短语 The light is on. He must be at home. 灯亮着，他一定在家。 He went to Beijing yesterday. He can’t be here now. 他昨天去了北京，现在不可能在这。 情态动词 - 高频易混点辨析（一） mustn’t vs don’t have to mustn’t 表示“禁止，绝对不能”，是不允许做某事 You mustn’t smoke in the hospital. 医院里禁止吸烟。 don’t have to 表示“不必，没必要”，是没有做某事的硬性要求 You don’t have to come to school on weekends. 周末你不必来学校。 情态动词 - 高频易混点辨析（二） must猜测 vs should推测 must 表肯定猜测，有明确、客观的依据，语气极肯定 The ground is wet. It must have rained last night. 地面湿了，昨晚一定下雨了。 should 表常理推测，无明确依据，只是按常理判断，语气较弱 The bus should come in five minutes. 公交车应该五分钟后到。 情态动词 - 基础小练1（选must/should/mustn’t/shouldn’t） 1.We ________ follow the school rules. It’s a basic requirement. 2.You __________ drink cold water when you have a fever. 3.Drivers __________ drive after drinking. It’s against the law. 4.You ___________ say thank you when someone helps you. 5.We ___________ waste food. Every grain is hard to get. himself ourselves itself yourself themselves 情态动词 - 基础小练2（猜测用法） 用must或can’t填空，完成猜测表达 1.The box is too light. It ________ be full of stones. 2.She knows a lot about Paris. She ___________ have been there before. 3.He is only 3 years old. He ________ read this book by himself. 4.The door is open. They ________ be at home now. 5.The flowers are all dead. It ___________ have rained for a long time. must shouldn’t mustn’t should shouldn’t 反身代词 & 情态动词 - 综合小练1（填空） 结合两大语法知识点，用所给词的适当形式填空 1.You ________ (should/must) learn to look after ________________ (you). 2.The girl taught ________ (she) drawing and she ________ (must/should) practice every day. 3.We ________ (mustn’t/shouldn’t) swim in the river, and we must protect ____________ (we). 4.He ________ (must/can’t) be hungry. He just ate a big meal. 5.They ________ (should/must) tell ________ (they) to be careful on the road. should yourself/yourselves herself must mustn’t ourselves can’t should themselves 反身代词 & 情态动词 - 综合小练2（单项选择） 1.My sister made the cake ________. It’s so delicious. A. her B. herself C. she D. hers 2.—________ I clean the room now? —No, you needn’t. A. Must B. Should C. Can D. May 3.The little boy can’t dress ________, so his mom ________ help him. A. himself; must B. him; should C. himself; should D. him; must 4.The light is off. He ________ be in the office now. A. must B. can’t C. should D. needn’t 5.You ________ tell ________ to calm down when you are angry. A. should; yourself B. must; you C. should; you D. must; yourself B A A B A 反身代词 & 情态动词 - 小练3（完成句子） 1.他独自完成了这项工作。He finished the work ________ ________. 2.我们应该自学一些生活技能。We ________ learn some life skills by ___________. 3.你禁止在马路上玩耍，太危险了。You ________ play on the road. It’s too dangerous. 4.她一定很累，她工作了一整天。She ________ ________ tired. She worked all day. 5.孩子们在聚会上玩得很开心。The children __________ __________ at the party. by himself should ourselves mustn’t must be enjoyed themselves 反身代词 & 情态动词 - 提升小练 Last weekend, we went camping by ________ (we). We ________ (must/should) take enough food and water before going. We taught ________ (we) to put up the tent. It was not easy, but we did it well. We ________ (mustn’t/shouldn’t) leave rubbish everywhere, so we took a rubbish bag. The air in the mountain was fresh, and we ________ (enjoy) ________ (we) a lot. We ________ (must/can) go there again next weekend. It’s a great place. ourselves must ourselves mustn’t enjoyed ourselves can 反身代词 & 情态动词 - 挑战小练（句式转换） 1.You must finish the work at once.（改为否定句） 2.We should learn English by ourselves.（改为一般疑问句） 3.He taught himself French.（改为同义句） 4.She must be a doctor.（改为否定猜测句） 5.You shouldn’t play computer games too much.（改为肯定句） You needn’t finish the work at once. Should we learn English by ourselves? He learned French by himself. She can’t be a doctor. You should do something meaningful instead of playing computer games too much. 反身代词 & 情态动词 - 情景运用练 1.提醒同学不要在教室大声说话，用shouldn’t 2.告诉弟弟必须按时完成作业，用must 3.猜测朋友一定在家，因为他家灯亮着，用must 4.说自己独自去了超市，用by oneself 5.劝诫朋友发烧时应该多喝热水，用should You shouldn’t talk loudly in the classroom. You must finish your homework on time, my brother. The light in his house is on. He must be at home. I went to the supermarket by myself. You should drink more hot water when you have a fever. 反身代词 - 核心知识点总结 反身代词指代主语，表“自己”，形式与主语人称、数一致 可作宾语、表语、同位语，常搭配固定短语，不可单独作主语 不接名词，与形容词性物主代词的核心区别是后有无名词 高频搭配需熟记，by/teach/enjoy oneself为必考内容 规避人称不一致、后接名词、单独作主语等常见错误 情态动词（must/should）- 核心知识点总结 情态动词后接动词原形，无人称、数的变化，是通用规则 must表强硬的必须/禁止，用于法定、校规、危险行为；should表委婉建议 must的疑问句否定回答用needn’t，不可用mustn’t 猜测用法中，must表肯定猜测，can’t表否定猜测，不用mustn’t 区分mustn’t（禁止）和don’t have to（不必），避免用法混淆 两大语法 - 综合运用技巧 做反身代词题：先找主语，确定单复数和人称，再看搭配/成分 做情态动词题：先判断语境，是硬性要求/禁止还是建议，再选词汇 猜测类题目：先找客观依据，肯定用must，否定用can’t 语篇填空题：先通读全文，确定语境和语法点，再变换单词形式 做完题后：检查反身代词形式、情态动词后是否为动词原形 语法学习 - 实用小贴士 每天背诵反身代词形式和固定搭配，反复巩固，形成语感 结合生活场景记忆情态动词用法，如交通规则用must，健康建议用should 建立错题本，标注易混点和易错点，如must的否定回答、否定猜测用can’t 尝试用所学语法写简短的日记或句子，提升综合运用能力 阅读时关注文中的反身代词和情态动词，积累语境使用经验 语法拓展 - 反身代词拓展搭配 除核心搭配外，这些拓展搭配也常考，可适当积累 help oneself to sth 随便吃/用某物；lose oneself in sth 沉浸于某物 come to oneself 恢复意识；by oneself = on one’s own 独自 These books are free. Help yourselves to them. 这些书免费，随便拿。 He lost himself in reading and forgot the time. 他沉浸在阅读中，忘了时间。 语法拓展 - 情态动词小拓展 了解这些相关用法，为后续学习铺垫 need作情态动词：后接动词原形，否定用needn’t，表“需要” can表能力/许可：can do sth 能做某事，can’t表“不能/不允许” may表许可/推测：may do sth 可以做某事，语气比should更委婉 —Can I use your pen? —Yes, you can. 我能用你的笔吗？可以。 教学课件 Unit 11 语法专项—— 反身代词 & 情态动词（must/should） Thank you for listening! 31 $