内容正文:
河北
英 语
基础精讲册
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第二部分 语法知识讲练
一、词类
专题二 动词和动词短语
考点2 情态动词
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课标语法导图
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考点讲解
一、情态动词的基本用法
1.can与could#1
情态动词 含义及用法 例句
can
(2023.35) 表示能力,意为“能,会” Jim can sing songs.
表示请求、许可,意为“可
以” Can I play
basketball now?
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情态动词 含义及用法 例句
could can的过去式,意为“能,
会”,表示过去的能力 Lily could swim at
the age of 5.
在疑问句中表示委婉地请
求。回答以could开头的一
般疑问句时用can/can’t,不
能用could/couldn’t A: Could you tell
me the way to the
post office?
B: Yes, I can./No, I
can’t.
表示委婉、客气地提出建议 We could write a
letter to the
headmaster.
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2.must与have to
情态动词 含义及用法 例句
must
(2022.36) 表示主观看法,意
为“必须,一定” I must work hard.
have to 意为“不得不,必
须”,多表示客观必
要 I have to get up early
tomorrow.
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辨析must与have to
1. must通常表示的是说话人的主观看法,语气比较强烈,意为
“必须”,无人称和数的变化;have to意为“不得不”,往往强调
客观需要,可用于多种时态,且有人称和数的变化。如:
I must finish my homework first.
We didn’t want to go to the party, but we had to.
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2. must与have to的肯定形式含义接近,但是否定形式的含义完
全不同。 mustn’t意为“禁止,不允许”,do/does/did not have
to意为“不必”,相当于needn’t。如:
You mustn’t take this book to the classroom.
You don’t have to/needn’t take this book to the
classroom.
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3.may与might
情态动词 含义及用法 例句
may 表示请求、许可,意为
“可以” May I speak to Amy?
might may的过去式,表示请
求、许可,语气比 may
更委婉 Might I ask you a
question?
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4.will,would与shall#5
情态
动词 含义及用法 例句
will 表示意愿或请求,用于疑问句中,
常用于第二人称 Will you please
pass the book to
me?
would will的过去式,表示建议或个人意
愿,表示建议时,语气较委婉 Would you please
help me with my
maths?
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情态
动词 含义及用法 例句
shall 用在疑问句中,与第一人称连用,
表示提出建议或征求对方的意见 Shall we go to the
zoo?
5.should,need与had better#6
情态
动词 含义及用法 例句
should 意为“应该;应当;可以”,用
于肯定句或否定句中时,表示
要求、命令、劝告或建议;用
于疑问句中时,表示征询意见 You should come here
early.
Should I come here
early?
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情态
动词 含义及用法 例句
need 作情态动词时,意为“需要”,
常用于否定句或疑问句中 You needn’t come
here early.
had
better had better意为“最好”,没有人
称和数的变化,常缩写为’d
better You’d better come
here early.
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二、情态动词表推测的用法
情态
动词 含义及用法 例句
must “一定;必定”,表示很大的可能
性,只用于肯定句中 It must be raining
outside. My father’s
clothes are so wet.
may/
could/
might “也许;可能”,could, might语
气更委婉,might语气最为缓
和,含义更不确定 The pencil may/could/might be
Bob’s.
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情态
动词 含义及用法 例句
can’t
(2024.34) “不大可能”,表示十分有把握的
否定推测 He can’t be having a
meeting. I saw him
just now.
may
not “可能不”,表示把握不大的否定推测 Mandy may not come
tonight.
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回答情态动词引导的一般疑问句的特殊情况:
1. 由may或might引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用may/can;否
定回答用can’t/mustn’t。如:
A: May/Might I read this book?
B: Yes, you may/can./No, you can’t/mustn’t.
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2. 由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用must;否定回答常
用needn’t/don’t have to/doesn’t have to/didn’t have to。如:
A: Must I go to that party?
B: Yes, you must./No, you needn’t/don’t have to.
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3. 由need引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must;否定回答用
needn’t。如:
A: Need I do the work at once?
B: Yes,you must./No,you needn’t.
4. 回答以could引导的一般疑问句时,用can,不用could。如:
A: Could I use your mobile phone?
B: Yes, you can./No, you can’t.
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考点测验
河北5年真题练
1.(2024河北34题)—Look! Is that girl Alice?
—No, it ___ be her. She is on a tour in Beijing now.
B
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
2.(2023河北35题)If we ___ find a better way, we’ll finish
the job faster.
A
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
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3.(2022河北36题)—Do I have to hand in my report now?
—Of course, you ___. We’re going to discuss it.
C
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
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拓展提升练
完形填空基础题
1.(2025白银) ___ you turn down the TV, please? I’m
trying to work.
A
A. Could B. Must C. Might D. Should
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2.(2025遂宁)—I have no time to buy things in the
supermarket.
—Don’t worry. You can shop online instead. That way, you
___ waste a lot of time going from shop to shop.
A
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t
3.—Doctor Wang, must I take the medicine?
—No, you ___. You’ll get well soon.
C
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
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4.—How are you going to spend your summer holiday?
—I haven’t decided yet. I ___ go camping with my family.
C
A. should B. must C. may D. need
5.According to the traffic rules, kids under 12 ___ sit in the
front seat of a car.
D
A. needn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
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6.—Can I leave now, Miss White?
—Yes. And you ___ come here early tomorrow since
everything is ready now.
D
A. must B. mustn’t
C. need to D. don’t have to
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