专题14 宾语从句（复习讲义）（广东专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题14 宾语从句 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 一、宾语从句的定义 3 二、宾语从句的分类 3 三、宾语从句的引导词 4 四、宾语从句的语序 5 五、宾语从句的时态 5 六、宾语从句的注意事项 6 04 优题精选·练能提分 11 课标要求 复习目标 宾语从句种类 宾语从句（动词+宾从；+介词+宾从；be+adj.+宾从） 精准识别宾语从句的句法功能（作动词 / 介词 / 形容词的宾语），明确其基本结构； 熟练掌握连接词（that/if/whether/ 特殊疑问词）的选择逻辑，能根据语境精准匹配； 牢记时态呼应规则（主句时态决定从句时态），规避时态混淆错误； 严格遵循 “陈述语序” 原则，能快速修正语序错误；完成宾语从句与简单句、同义句的转换，提升句型灵活运用能力。 宾语从句（三要素） 掌握宾语从句的定义、结构；熟练运用连接词、时态呼应、陈述语序三大核心规则 注意事项 掌握宾从简化与否定前移 命题预测 宾语从句是中考的重点核心考点。主要有以下命题角度：连接词的选择、时态呼应规则、陈述语序、句型转换、语境理解与逻辑判断。 主要在语法选择、语法填空、选词填空、完成句子、阅读和写作综合运用中考查。 解题锦囊 锦囊 1：先判语序 核心规则：宾语从句必须使用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。 排除技巧：看到选项中出现 “助动词 / 系动词提前” 的结构（如 is he, can I, did you），可直接排除。 示例：I don't know where he is.（正确），而非 I don't know where is he.（错误）。 锦囊 2：再选连接词 陈述事实：用 that 引导，that 无实际意义，在口语和非正式文体中常可省略。 例：He said (that) he would come back soon. 表 “是否”：用 if 或 whether。 只用whether的情况：① 与or not 连用；② 位于介词之后；③ 引导不定式结构。④宾从置于句首 例：I don't know whether he will come or not. 表具体疑问：用对应的特殊疑问词（who, what, where, when, how, why 等）。 例：Could you tell me how I can get to the station? 锦囊 3：再定时态 主句为现在 / 将来时态（一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时等）：从句时态根据实际语境自由选择。 例：I think he is a good student. / I think he will come tomorrow. 主句为过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时等）：从句时态需相应变为过去的某种时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 例：He said he had finished his homework. 特殊情况：从句表达的是客观真理、科学事实或普遍规律时，无论主句时态如何，从句一律用一般现在时。 例：The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 锦囊 4：巧转句型 转换条件：当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语（或主句的间接宾语）一致时。 转换方法：将 “特殊疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语” 结构简化为 “特殊疑问词 + to do” 结构。 示例：I don't know where I should go. → I don't know where to go. Please tell me how I can do it. → Please tell me how to do it. 一、宾语从句的定义 宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的从句，即一个句子作为另一个句子的宾语成分，用来表示动作的对象、内容或结果。如： 二、宾语从句的分类 它通常位于及物动词、介词或某些形容词之后，用来补充说明这些词所涉及的具体内容（如 “说什么”“想什么”“知道什么”“担心什么” 等）。 ①跟在及物动词后（动词 + 宾语从句） She knows that he is honest.（她知道他是诚实的。） ② 跟在介词后（介词 + 宾语从句） We are talking about whether we should go there.（我们在讨论是否应该去那里。） ③跟在某些形容词后（形容词 + 宾语从句） I am sure that he will come.（我确信他会来。） 三、宾语从句的引导词 根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类： 1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 例：He says (that) he likes playing football.他说他喜欢踢足球。 注意：在以下情况，宾语从句的that不能省略。 ①and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如： He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。 ②that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如： I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。 2. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 注意：以下情况的宾语从句中，只能用whether，不能用if： ①引导词与动词不定式连用时。 例：I can’t decide whether to stay or leave.我不能决定是留下还是离开。 ②当从句做介词的宾语时。 例：We are worried about whether we can finish the work on time.我们担心是否能按时完成工作。 ③宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。 例：Whether he will come, I don’t know.他是否会来，我不知道。 ④ 与or连用表明确的二选一选择，或句中出现or not 时，只能用whether，不能用if。 例：I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. 我不知道他是错的还是她错了。 She asked me whether or not I wanted to go.她问我要不要去。 3. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 例：I don’t know who he is.我不知道他是谁。 I want to know whom you are waiting for.我想知道你在等谁。 Could you tell me whose pen this is?你能告诉我这是谁的笔吗？ I don’t know what he wants.我不知道他想要什么。 Please tell me which answer is right.请告诉我哪个答案是对的。 Do you know when the meeting will start?你知道会议什么时候开始吗？ Can you tell me where he lives?你能告诉我他住在哪里吗？ I don’t know why he was late.我不知道他为什么迟到。 Please tell me how I can get there.请告诉我怎样才能到那里。 四、宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。 1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。 例：He is an honest boy. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy. 2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。 例：Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if/whether he works hard. Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday. 注意：当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。 例：What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrong with her. What’s the matter? 怎么了？→ He asked the girl what was the matter. What has happened to him? 他怎么了？→ We want to know what has happened to him. 五、宾语从句的时态 1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。 例：I remember he gave me a book yesterday.我记得他昨天给了我一本书。 He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要动身去纽约。 Please tell us where he is.请告诉我们他在哪里。 Can/Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station?你能告诉我怎么去火车站吗？ 2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 例：He told me that he would take part in the high jump.他告诉我他将要参加跳高比赛。 He asked what time it was.他问现在几点了。 He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.他告诉我他正在为运动会做准备。 He asked if you had written to Peter.他问你是否给彼得写过信。 He said that he would go back to the US soon.他说他很快就要回美国了。 3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。 例：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.我们老师说一月是一年中的第一个月。 Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.科学家已经证明地球绕着太阳转。 He told me that the earth is round.他告诉我地球是圆的。 六、宾语从句的注意事项 1) 宾语从句的否定转移 当陈述句是 “I think（认为）/believe（相信）/ … + 宾语从句” 时，若宾语从句表示否定含义，习惯上要将否定前移到主句的谓语动词 think /believe/ … 前，即 “I don’t think /believe/ … + 宾语从句”。 例：I think it is a good way to lose weight. → I don’t think it is a good way to lose weight. (2) 宾语从句的简化 ① 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是 hope、decide、agree 等时，从句可以简化为不定式结构。 例：I decide that I will go to the park.= I decide to go to the park.我决定去公园。 ② 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，主句的谓语动词是 know、remember、forget、learn 等，且宾语从句由 what、who、which、when、where 等引导时，可以把从句简化为 “疑问词 + 不定式” 结构。 例：I don't know what I should do next.= I don't know what to do next.我不知道下一步该做什么。 ③ 当主句的谓语动词是 ask、tell、show、teach 等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可以简化为 “疑问词 + 不定式” 结构。 例：The teacher told us how we should solve the problem.= The teacher told us how to solve the problem. 老师告诉我们如何解决这个问题。 一、语法选择 1.(2025·广东省卷·真题)She was curious about mom was busy with. A．what B．that C．whether 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她对妈妈在忙什么感到好奇。 what什么；that那个；whether是否。根据“She was curious about...Mom was busy with.”可知，此处指对妈妈在忙什么感到好奇，用what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。故选A。 2.(2024·广东省卷·真题)His mother is satisfied with he spends his money. She thinks it is a smart choice to give Peter pocket money. A．how B．which C．whether 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他母亲对他花钱的方式很满意。 how如何；which哪一个；whether是否。根据“His mother is satisfied with...he spends his money.”可知，母亲对他花钱的方式很满意。故选A。 3.(2023·广东省卷·真题)It had a lot of fun training programs, and he enjoyed all of them. There he was often asked he liked space camps so much. A．why B．when C．where 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在那里，他经常被问到为什么他如此喜欢太空营。 why为什么；when什么时候；where在哪里。根据“I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp”可知，人们问他为什么喜欢太空营。故选A。 4.(2025·广州·真题)Now, more than ever, I understand I love the sea—it is full of unknown danger, yet beautiful. A．whether B．when C．what D．why 【答案】D 【解析】句意：现在，我比以往任何时候都更明白我为什么爱大海。 whether是否；when什么时候；what什么；why为什么。根据“I understand...I love the sea”以及“it...full of unknown danger, yet beautiful.”可知，此处表示明白为什么爱大海。故选D。 5.(2024·广州·真题)They were so surprised at they saw. A．what B．that C．how D．which 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他们对所看到的感到非常惊讶。 what 什么；that 那；how 如何；which 哪一个。空处引导宾语从句，同时也是saw的宾语，指“看到的事物”，所以用what引导宾语从句。故选A。 6.(2023·广州·真题)He decided he would get stronger. He would do exercises and flap (拍动) his wings every day. A．what B．why C．when D．that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他决心变得更强壮。 what什么；why为什么；when什么时候；that那，或作引导词无实意。根据“He decided...he would get stronger.”可知此处是that引导的宾语从句，从句是陈述句用that引导。故选D。 7.(2025·广东省卷·三模)“As a boy, I didn’t know much about China, and I did know the Great Wall in China,” Jim said, adding that he never imagined have the chance to visit the Great Wall. A．when he will B．when would he C．when he would 【答案】C 【解析】句意：Jim说：“小时候，我对中国了解不多，但我知道中国的长城”，还补充说他从未想过自己会有机会参观长城。 when he will陈述句语序；when would he疑问句语序；when he would陈述句语序。根据“adding that he never imagined”可知，后接宾语从句，要用陈述语序，且主句是过去时，从句用过去将来时。故选C。 8. (2025·广东省卷·二模)She also shows us change our life. She is both a “Super Brain” and a national hero. A．how technology can B．how can technology C．what technology can 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她也向我们展示了科技是怎样改变我们的生活的。 how technology can陈述语序；how can technology疑问语序；what technology can陈述语序。根据“ She also shows us...”可知，此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，且此处表示怎样改变，用how。故选A。 9. (2025·广广州·一模)His mother thought for a moment. “Well, we need to check it has an owner, ” she said. A．when B．if C．unless D．until 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们需要确认它是否有主人。 when什么时候；if是否；unless除非；until直到。这条狗是捡的，不知道有没有主人。此处为宾语从句，确认“是否有主人”用if引导。故选B。 10. (2025·广广州·一模)One day Lucy went to the library and saw a similar painting in a book, which made her wonder someone still waited in that dark house holding her lantern. A．whether B．that C．what D．how 【答案】A 【解析】句意：有一天露西去了图书馆，在一本书里看到了一幅类似的画，这让她想知道是否有人还在那间黑暗的房子里提着灯笼等着。 whether是否；that引导宾语从句时无实义；what什么；how怎样 。根据“which made her wonder...someone still waited in that dark house holding her lantern”可知，这里表示“是否” ，用whether引导宾语从句。故选A。 二、选词填空 1.(2023·广东省卷·真题)Can you guess it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know anything about its history? it   either   be   because   what   else   by   invent   clean   popular   habit   hundred 【答案】what 【解析】句意：你能猜出它是什么吗？根据“Can you guess...it is?”可知是询问猜出它是什么。what“什么”。故填what。 2.(2025·广东省卷·三模) Later I thought I didn’t want to end up like these climbers, staying here forever. he    step     that     face     brave   whether     courage   and    get   hard   give  with 【答案】that 【解析】句意：后来我想，我不想像这些登山者一样永远留在这儿。根据“ Later I thought...I didn’t want to end up like these climbers”以及后面是宾语从句可知，从句不缺成分，用that引导。故填that。 3.(2025·广东省卷·二模)The main reason was that they didn’t know it was good for their health. eat   create   it   much   people   share   as   if   what   unexpected   however   for 【答案】if 【解析】句意：主要原因是他们不清楚这对他们的健康是否有益。根据“they didn’t know”可知，此处指不确定是否对健康友谊，结合备选词，if“是否”，符合语境，此处引导宾语从句，故填if。 4.(2025·广东省卷·一模)Many foreign tourists visited China to experience the “Nian” culture is celebrated. connect   shop   learn   country   with   true   how   though   all   proud   important   so 【答案】how 【解析】句意：许多外国游客来中国体验如何庆祝“年”文化。根据“experience...the “Nian” culture is celebrated.”及所给单词可知，是体验如何庆祝“年”文化，用how引导宾语从句，作experience的宾语。故填how。 5.(2025·广东省卷·一模)Some also wondered they would be allowed to drive after drinking the latte. by   traditional   one   among   whether   be   chance   interest agree   rapidly   they   hardly 【答案】whether 【解析】句意：一些人也想知道喝了这款拿铁后是否被允许开车。根据“Some also wondered … they would be allowed to drive after drinking the latte.”及备选词汇可知，这里需要一个引导宾语从句且表示是否被允许酒后开车。故填whether。 三、语法填空 1.(2024·深圳·真题)At first, we weren’t very good. We did not know the problem lay. 【答案】where 【解析】句意：我们不知道问题在哪里。know后接宾语从句，从句中主谓为the problem lay，缺少地点状语，因此用where引导该宾语从句。故填where。 2. (2023·深圳·真题)She has found out makes each area’s cuisine (美食) special. 【答案】what 【解析】句意：她已经发现了是什么让每个地区的美食变得特别。根据“She has found out...makes each area’s cuisine special.”可知，此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“什么”，应该用what来引导宾语从句。故填what。 3. (2025·深圳·模拟)In an interview, some reporters asked him he did all of this at the risk of his own career. 【答案】why 【解析】句意：在一次采访中，一些记者问他为什么要冒着毁掉自己职业生涯的风险去做这些事情。根据“he did all of this at the risk of his own career”可知，此处表示询问原因，因此用疑问词“why”引导宾语从句。故填why。 4. (2025·深圳·模拟)This festival really set a great example of we can use modern technology to improve traditional skills instead of replacing them. 【答案】how 【解析】句意：这个节日为我们如何利用现代技术改进传统技能而不是取代它们树立了一个很好的榜样。根据“we can use modern technology to improve traditional skills instead of replacing them”可知是如何利用现代技术改进传统技能，用how引导宾语从句。故填how。 5. (2025·深圳·模拟)Many people are wondering _________ traditional culture can keep up with the fast‑changing modern society. 【答案】whether/if 【解析】句意：很多人想知道传统文化是否能跟上快速变化的现代社会。根据句意可知此处表示 “是否”，用 whether/if 引导宾语从句。故填 whether/if。 四、完成句子 1.(2025·广州·真题)他们担心自己能否学会这些技能。 They worried these skills. 【答案】 if/whether they could learn 【详解】是否：if/whether，引导宾语从句；他们：they，作主语；根据“worried”可知主句是一般过去时，故宾语从句也用过去时态，表示“能够”用情态动词could，其后加动词原形learn“学习”。故填if/whether；they；could；learn。 2.(2024·广州·真题)体育老师鼓励他们，并教他们如何能提高合作跑步的技巧。 Their PE teacher encouraged them and taught them improve their skills of running together. 【答案】 how to 【详解】“如何做某事”how to do sth，是“疑问词+不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。故填how；to。 3.(2023·广州·真题)我最喜爱的科目是美术。我也在思考我怎样能借助数学把画画得更好。 My favourite subject is art. I am also thinking about better with the help of maths. 【答案】 how I can draw 【详解】分析句子可知空处要表达的是“我怎么样能画画”，是how引导的宾语从句，我I；能can；画画draw。故填how；I；can；draw。 4.(2025·广州·一模)如果你去参加庙会，就能了解到古代人民是如何沿着海上丝绸之路进行贸易的。 If you go to the Temple Fair, you can learn much about through the Maritime Silk Road in ancient times. 【答案】 how people traded 【详解】根据句意可知，此处表示“古代人民是如何沿着海上丝绸之路进行贸易的”，其中“如何”用疑问词“how”引导宾语从句；“人民”用名词“people”作从句主语；“进行贸易”用动词“trade”作从句谓语，根据语境可知此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时，trade的过去式为traded。故填how；people；traded。 5.(2025·广州·一模)讲座结束后，我们还向李老师询问广州哪里可以看粤剧。 When the lecture was over, we asked Miss Li the Cantonese opera in Guangzhou. 【答案】 where we could watch 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，设空处表示“我们在哪里可以看”，是宾语从句，用陈述句语序，故其英文表达为where we can watch，宾语从句的时态遵循“主过从必过”，此时从句也应用一般过去时，情态动词can用过去式could。故填where；we；could；watch。 一、单项选择 1．I don’t care ________ you’re going to ask for help but the work must be done by dinner time. A．what B．which C．whom D．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我不关心你向谁求助，但是工作必须在晚饭前做完。 考查宾语从句的引导词。what什么；which哪一个；whom谁；whose谁的。根据“I don’t care...you’re going to ask for help”可知，空处是宾语从句的引导词，结合短语ask sb. for help “向某人寻求帮助”可知，空处应选whom作ask的宾语。故选C。 2. The teacher asked us ________. A．why we are late for class B．why are we late for class C．why we were late for class D．why were we late for class 【答案】C 【详解】句意：老师问我们为什么上课迟到。 考查宾语从句。此处作为宾语从句，用陈述语序：疑问词+主语+谓语，排除BD两项，主句谓语asked是一般过去时，宾语从句用一般过去时，故选C。 3. —Excuse me, could you tell me ________ at the school science festival next Friday? —Sure. There will be robot shows and DIY invention competitions. A．what activities will we have B．what activities we will have C．when we will have activities D．where will we have activities 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我下周五学校科技节我们将有什么活动吗？——当然。将会有机器人展览和DIY发明比赛。 考查宾语从句。what activities will we have我们将有什么活动，疑问语序；what activities we will have我们将有什么活动，陈述语序；when we will have activities我们将在什么时候有活动，陈述语序；where will we have activities我们将在哪里举办活动，疑问语序。根据答句“There will be robot shows and DIY invention competitions.”可知，问句询问的是“有什么活动”，因此应用what引导宾语从句，排除选项C和选项D；同时，宾语从句需使用陈述语序（主语+谓语），排除选项A。故选B。 4. I don’t know ______ or not he will come. A．if B．whether C．that D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不知道他是否会来。 考查宾语从句引导词。if是否；whether是否，常与or not连用；that引导宾语从句时，无实际含义；when什么时候。根据句意，此处意为“是否”；根据空格后的“or not”可知，此处应使用“whether”引导宾语从句，“if”通常不与“or not”连用。故选B。 5. Could you please tell me ________ the book The Old Man and the Sea is about? A．what B．who C．where D．When 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能告诉我《老人与海》这本书是关于什么内容的吗？ 考查宾语从句的引导词辨析。what（什么）；who（谁）；where（哪里）；when（何时）。根据句意，询问的是书的内容，应用 what 来引导宾语从句，表示 “关于什么”。故选 A。 6. I wonder ______ we will have a meeting this afternoon. A．that B．if C．what D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想知道今天下午我们是否要开会。 考查宾语从句的引导词。that无实义，仅起连接作用；if是否；what什么；which哪一个。主句“I wonder”表示“我想知道”，其后常接if 或whether引导的从句，表达一种不确定性或疑问。故选B。 7. They want to know ______ they will have the meeting tomorrow. A．whether B．what C．that D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们想知道明天是否会开会。   考查连词辨析。whether是否；what什么；that那个；which哪一个。根据句意，此处需要表示“是否”的连词引导宾语从句。故选A。 8. My father always says ______ my mom is the best cook in the world. A．if B．whether C．that D．how 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的爸爸总是说我妈妈是世界上最好的厨师。    考查宾语从句引导词辨析。if是否；whether是否；that无实际意义（引导陈述句宾语从句）；how如何。根据“my mom is the best cook in the world”可知，从句是结构完整的陈述句，不缺成分和语义，因此用that引导宾语从句。故选C。 9. There are so many beautiful scarves, I don’t know _________ . A．how to buy B．what to buy C．to choose which one D．which one to buy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：有那么多漂亮的围巾，我不知道买哪一条。 考查 “疑问词 + 不定式” 结构。how to buy（如何购买）；what to buy（买什么）；to choose which one（选择哪一个，结构错误）；which one to buy（买哪一个）。根据 “There are so many beautiful scarves…” 可知，此处是在多条围巾中选择一条，强调 “哪一个”，应用 “which one to buy”。故选 D 10. Could you tell me ________ the summer camp for teenagers will start? I need to book the ticket in advance. A．when B．that C．which D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能告诉我青少年夏令营什么时候开始吗？我需要提前订票。 考查宾语从句的引导词辨析。when（什么时候）；that（无实义，仅起连接作用）；which（哪一个）；what（什么）。根据 “I need to book the ticket in advance.”（我需要提前订票）可知，说话人询问的是夏令营开始的时间，因此引导词应表示时间。故选 A。 11.I wonder ________ the famous poet Bai Juyi wrote so many poems about Jiujiang. A．what B．why C．that D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想知道著名诗人白居易为什么写了这么多关于九江的诗。 考查宾语从句的引导词辨析。what（什么）；why（为什么）；that（无实义，仅引导作用）；which（哪一个）。根据 “the famous poet Bai Juyi wrote so many poems about Jiujiang” 可知，句子意思完整，不缺少主语或宾语，而是询问原因，因此应选用表示原因的引导词 why。故选 B。 12．The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．traveled C．would travel D．had traveled 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。 考查宾语从句中的时态。travels传播，一般现在时，第三人称单数；traveled传播，一般过去时；would travel传播，过去将来时；had traveled传播，过去完成时。主句“told”为过去时，但宾语从句表达的是客观真理，此时从句需用一般现在时。故选A。 13.Tom’s sister promised that she ________ him a new Lego toy as his birthday gift. A．will buy B．would buy C．will sell D．would sell 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆的姐姐答应给他买一个新的乐高玩具作为生日礼物。 考查动词时态和动词辨析。根据“Tom’s sister promised”可知，本句为过去承诺将来会做的事情，空处是过去将来时，其结构为would do，由“a new Lego toy as his birthday gift”可知，此处是指“买”生日礼物。故选B。 14.My mother told me that she ______ the housework already. A. finished B. has finished C. had finished D. will finish 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我妈妈告诉我她已经做完家务了。主句 My mother told me 用了一般过去时（told），因此从句的动作发生在 “告诉” 之前，需要用过去完成时 had finished。 15.—Sam, do you know if Alice ________ to my party next week? —I think she will come if she ________. A．will come; will be invited B．comes; is invited C．will come; is invited D．comes; will be invited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Sam，你知道Alice下周是否会来参加我的聚会吗？ ——我想如果她被邀请的话，她会来的。 考查动词时态和被动语态。第一空，根据“do you know if Alice … to my party next week”可知，此句是if引导的宾语从句；由时间状语“next week”可知，从句时态应用一般将来时，其结构为will do，排除B和D；第二空，根据“she will come if she…”可知，此句是if引导的条件状语从句，适合“主将从现”原则，主句为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时，主语“she”为第三人称单数，且与invite是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为is done，动词invite的过去分词为invited，排除A。故选C。 二、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 One summer afternoon, Lucy and her brother Tom decided to explore an old house near their village. 1 house has been empty for years, and the windows were covered with dust. “Let’s go inside!” Tom said 2 . Lucy hesitated but finally agreed. As they entered, they noticed 3 on the walls-strange paintings of different people. One painting showed a woman who 4 a lantern. Suddenly, they heard a soft sound from the ceiling. “What’s that?” Lucy whispered. Tom tried to check, but Lucy pulled 5 back. “It 6 be a bird,” Tom said, trying to stay calm. They walked further into the house and found a small door 7 led to the basement. The air there 8 damp and cold. On a table, they saw an old book 9 pages missing. “Look! This book 10 here for many years,” Tom said. As he opened it, a photo fell out. It was a picture of the woman in the painting. On the back, someone had written, “ 11 you find this, please return it to the library.” Lucy got a cold feeling. “Let’s leave now,” she said. They ran out as 12 as they could. Later, they learned the house 13 by a writer who disappeared long ago. One day Lucy went to the library and saw a similar painting in a book, which made her wonder 14 someone still waited in that dark house holding her lantern. 15 , they had never been back. 1．A．/ B．An C．A D．The 2．A．excited B．excitedly C．exciting D．excitement 3．A．something unusual B．anything unusual C．unusual something D．unusual anything 4．A．is holding B．are holding C．was holding D．were holding 5．A．him B．he C．his D．himself 6．A．can B．should C．may D．must 7．A．who B．when C．where D．which 8．A．is B．was C．were D．are 9．A．for B．from C．with D．of 10．A．lies B．lay C．had lain D．has lain 11．A．Unless B．If C．Before D．Though 12．A．quick B．quicker C．quickly D．more quickly 13．A．owns B．owned C．was owned D．is owned 14．A．whether B．that C．what D．how 15．A．And B．But C．However D．So 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．C 13．C 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文讲述了两个孩子在探索一栋废弃老屋时，发现神秘线索并遭遇超自然现象，最终带着未解之谜离开的故事。 1．句意：那座房子已经空了很多年，窗户上满是灰尘。 /不填；An用于元音音素开头的单词前；A用于辅音音素开头的单词前；The表特指。这里特指前文提到的“an old house”，表示特指要用定冠词the。故选D。 2．句意：“咱们进去吧！”汤姆兴奋地说。 excited兴奋的，形容词，常修饰人；excitedly兴奋地，副词；exciting令人兴奋的，形容词，常修饰物；excitement兴奋”，名词。这里需要用副词修饰动词said。故选B。 3．句意：当他们进去时，他们注意到墙上有不寻常的东西——不同人的奇怪画作。 something unusual不寻常的东西，用于肯定句中；anything unusual不寻常的事，用于否定或疑问句中；unusual something无此结构；unusual anything无此结构。something、anything等不定代词被形容词修饰时，形容词要后置，且此句是肯定句，用something unusual。故选A。 4．句意：一幅画展示了一位提着灯笼的女子。 is holding现在进行时，主语是单数；are holding现在进行时，主语是复数；was holding过去进行时，主语是单数；were holding过去进行时，主语是复数。句子描述过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were + 现在分词” ，先行词a woman是单数，所以用was holding。故选C。 5．句意：汤姆试图查看，但露西把他拉了回来。 him他，宾格；he他，主格；his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词 。此处作pulled的宾语，要用宾格形式。故选A。 6．句意：“可能是只鸟。”汤姆说，努力保持着冷静。 can能够；可能 ，常用于否定句和疑问句中表推测；should应该；may可能”，表不太肯定的推测；must一定，表肯定推测。这里表示不太肯定的推测。故选C。 7．句意：他们往房子更深处走去，发现了一扇通往地下室的小门。 who指人；when指时间；where指地点；which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语 。本句为定语从句，先行词是a small door“物”，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用which或that 。故选D。 8．句意：那里的空气又潮湿又冷。 is一般现在时，主语是单数；was一般过去时，主语是单数；were一般过去时，主语是复数；are一般现在时，主语是复数。根据文章内容可知，这里描述的是过去的情况，用一般过去时，主语The air是不可数名词，be动词用was 。故选B。 9．句意：在一张桌子上，他们看到一本缺页的旧书。 for为了；from从；with带有，具有 ；of……的 。with表示“带有，具有” ，with pages missing是“with + 宾语+宾语补足语”结构，作后置定语修饰an old book 。故选C。 10．句意：“看！这本书已经在这儿放了很多年了。”汤姆说。 lies一般现在时；lay一般过去时；had lain过去完成时；has lain现在完成时 。根据“for many years”可知，用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词” ，主语This book是单数，所以用has lain 。故选D。 11．句意：背面有人写道：“如果你找到这个，请把它还回图书馆。” Unless除非；If如果；Before在……之前；Though尽管 。根据“...you find this, please return it to the library.”可知，这里是条件状语从句，用if引导。故选B。 12．句意：他们尽可能快地跑了出去。 quick形容词，原级；quicker形容词，比较级；quickly副词，原级；more quickly副词，比较级 。as...as中间用形容词或副词原级，这里修饰动词ran ，要用副词quickly 。故选C。 13．句意：后来，他们得知这座房子曾属于一位很久以前失踪的作家。 owns一般现在时；owned一般过去时；was owned一般过去时的被动语态；is owned一般现在时的被动语态 。房子和拥有之间是被动关系，且是过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were + 过去分词” ，主语the house是单数，所以用was owned 。故选C。 14．句意：有一天露西去了图书馆，在一本书里看到了一幅类似的画，这让她想知道是否有人还在那间黑暗的房子里提着灯笼等着。 whether是否；that引导宾语从句时无实义；what什么；how怎样 。根据“which made her wonder...someone still waited in that dark house holding her lantern”可知，这里表示“是否” ，用whether引导宾语从句。故选A。 15．句意：然而，他们再也没回去过。 And和；并且，表并列；But但是，后不用逗号；However然而，后常加逗号；So所以，表结果 。根据“they had never been back”可知，他们再也没回去过，这里表转折且有逗号，用however 。故选C。 三、选词填空 (2025·广东省·一模)请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次。有两词为多余项。 that  driver  cross  in  like  however  safe  smooth  experience  so  they  call Have you seen cars driving themselves on the road? In cities 1 Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Wuhan, some companies are already testing (测试) self-driving taxis. These cars work like robots—no 2 needed! They are also 3 robotaxis. How do they move safely? They use cameras, computers, and sensors (传感器) to “see” the world around them. For example, if a person 4 the road suddenly, the car will stop at once. Some people think 5 the idea of self-driving taxis is so cool. It will be a totally different and interesting 6 to take a ride in them. People will feel they are living in the future world. Also, these taxis drive 7 and safely. After all, they won’t break the traffic rules. Besides, people can feel free to talk because there’s no driver! 8 , some people think there are still challenges. For one thing, the technology isn’t perfect yet, so some people still worry about the 9 . For another thing, many taxi drivers may lose 10 jobs. Who knows? Maybe soon you’ll ride a self-driving taxi to school! 【答案】 1．like 2．drivers 3．called 4．crosses 5．that 6．experience 7．smoothly 8．However 9．safety 10．their 【导语】本文讲述了自动驾驶出租车在中国部分城市（如北京、上海、深圳和武汉）的测试情况，以及人们对这项技术的不同看法。 1．句意：在北京、上海、深圳和武汉等城市，一些公司已经在测试自动驾驶出租车。根据“In cities...Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Wuhan”可知，此处表示举例，like“像”符合语境，故填like。 2．句意：这些车像机器人一样工作——不需要司机！根据“These cars work like robots”可知，这些车像机器人一样工作，所以不需要司机，driver“司机”符合语境，此处需用复数表泛指。故填drivers。 3．句意：它们也被称为机器人出租车。根据“They are also...robotaxis.”可知，此处表示“它们也被称为机器人出租车”，call“称呼”符合语境，此处是被动语态，使用过去分词called，故填called。 4．句意：例如，如果一个人突然过马路，汽车会立即停下来。根据“if a person...the road suddenly”可知，此处表示“如果一个人突然过马路”，cross“穿过”符合语境，if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句使用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词使用第三人称单数形式，故填crosses。 5．句意：有些人认为自动驾驶出租车的想法很酷。根据“Some people think...the idea of self-driving taxis is so cool.”可知，此处是宾语从句，从句不缺成分，使用that引导宾语从句，故填that。 6．句意：乘坐它们将是一种完全不同的有趣经历。根据“It will be a totally different and interesting...to take a ride in them.”可知，此处表示“乘坐它们将是一种完全不同的有趣经历”，experience“经历”符合语境，a后接名词单数，故填experience。 7．句意：此外，这些出租车行驶平稳且安全。根据“Also, these taxis drive...and safely.”可知，此处表示“这些出租车行驶平稳且安全”，smooth“平稳的”符合语境，此处使用副词修饰动词drive，故填smoothly。 8．句意：然而，一些人认为仍然存在挑战。根据“...some people think there are still challenges.”可知，此处表示转折，however“然而”符合语境，故填However。 9．句意：一方面，技术还不完善，所以一些人仍然担心安全问题。根据“For one thing, the technology isn’t perfect yet, so some people still worry about the...”可知，此处表示“技术还不完善，所以一些人仍然担心安全问题”，safe“安全的”符合语境，此处使用名词safety“安全”，故填safety。 10．句意：另一方面，许多出租车司机可能会失去他们的工作。根据“For another thing, many taxi drivers may lose...jobs.”可知，此处表示“许多出租车司机可能会失去他们的工作”，they“他们”符合语境，此处使用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，修饰名词jobs，故填their。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The most difficult thing for university student Ted Rogers is opening his classroom door. Ted can’t do this without help because he’s only six years old. He’s the youngest person ever to study at Rochester University in New York. Ted 1 (begin) reading at two, and by four, he had known a lot about many subjects from astronomy to zoology (动物学). By the age of five, he had been able to talk to university professors about his ideas. Ted just 2 (complete) his first book. It will come out in a few months, shortly after his 3 (eight) birthday. “I love learning.” says Ted. “My hero is the scientist Albert Einstein because he never brushed his hair or 4 (wear) socks. “Psychologists(心理学家) have found it difficult 5 (test) Ted’s cleverness because they do not have high enough scores for him. Ted’s mother first knew her son was different when he kept 6 (cry) at play school because he was bored with the children’s games. She started teaching him at home after finding that local schools were not prepared for children who learned at Ted’s speed. Now Ted 7 (study) geography at Rochester University and using the Internet to complete his high school studies. However, some psychologists warn that too much study can stop a child from 8 (grow) up in a healthy way. “I don’t care 9 clever the kid is. Six - year - olds have to play with their friends,” says Dr. Brian Wood. Mrs. Rogers doesn’t agree that her son’s time 10 (take) up completely by schoolwork. “He loves the violin and has many outdoor interests, such as camping, fishing and swimming, just like other boys of his age.” 【答案】 1．began 2．has completed 3．eighth 4．wore 5．to test 6．crying 7．is studying 8．growing 9．how 10．is taken 【导语】本文主要讲述了六岁的神童Ted Rogers的非凡学习能力和成长经历。 1．句意：Ted两岁开始阅读，到四岁时，他已经对从天文学到动物学的许多学科了解很多。根据“at two”可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，动词用一般过去式。故填began。 2．句意：Ted刚刚完成了他的第一本书。根据“just”和上下文可知，此处强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，主语是三单，助动词用has。故填has completed。 3．句意：它将在几个月后出版，就在他八岁生日后不久。根据“his…birthday”可知，此处需用序数词表示顺序，指第八个生日。故填eighth。 4．句意：我的偶像是科学家爱因斯坦，因为他从不梳头或穿袜子。根据“never brushed”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词需用过去式。故填wore。 5．句意：心理学家发现很难测试Ted的聪明程度，因为他们的测试分数对他不够高。根据“it difficult…to test”可知，此处it作形式宾语，而用不定式作真正宾语。故填to test。 6．句意：Ted的母亲第一次发现儿子与众不同，是因为他在游戏学校不停地哭，因为他厌倦了儿童游戏。keep doing sth.表示“持续做某事”。故填crying。 7．句意：现在Ted正在罗切斯特大学学习地理，并通过互联网完成高中学业。根据“Now”和上下文可知，此处描述正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，主语是三单，be动词用is。故填is studying。 8．句意：然而，一些心理学家警告说，过多的学习会阻碍孩子以健康的方式成长。from后接动名词。故填growing。 9．句意：我不在乎这孩子有多聪明。六岁的孩子必须和朋友们一起玩。此句是宾语从句，空处修饰形容词clever，应用how。故填how。 10．句意：Rogers夫人不同意她儿子的时间完全被功课占据。主语和动词是被动关系，此处需用被动语态，且上下文为一般现在时，主语是time，be动词用is。故填is taken。 五、完成句子 1. 在停留期间，三位宇航员也研究了如何保护空间站免受太空碎片撞击。 During their stay, the three astronauts also studied the space station from space debris. 【答案】 how to protect 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“如何保护”的英文。分析句子结构可知，空处可用“特殊疑问词+to do”结构作宾语，how“如何”；protect...from...“保护……免受……”。故填how；to；protect。 2. 全世界人们都想知道他们是否能在六个月后安全回来。 People all over the world wonder to Earth safely in six months. 【答案】 if/whether they can return 【详解】中英对照可知，空处意为“他们是否能回来”，if/whether“是否”，引导宾语从句；they“他们”，can“能够”，后加动词原形；return“返回”；故填if/whether；they；can；return。 3．我的朋友们也想知道我们为什么对科技节感兴趣。 My friends also wondered in the science festival. 【答案】 why we were interested 【详解】句子是宾语从句，此处用why引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序；根据“wondered”可知主句是过去时，故此处从句用一般过去时，主语是we，be动词用were；对……感兴趣：be interested in。故填why；we；were；interested。 4. 老师告诉我们，我们可以在活动中做什么。 The teacher told us at the event. 【答案】 what we could do 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处为“我们可以做什么”。根据“The teacher told us”空格处应为what“什么”引导的宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序，且时态遵守“主过从必过”的原则，即从句时态应为一般过去时。“我们”we；“能”could，其后接动词原形“做”do。故填what；we；could；do。 5．研究表明AI能够提高学生的学习效率。 Research shows AI students’ learning efficiency. 【答案】 that can improve 【详解】根据所给中英文对照可知，需要翻译的是“能够提高”。“能够”对应情态动词 “can”，其后接动词原形；“提高”译为 “improve”；主句是“Research shows”，从句是“AI...students’ learning efficiency.”，故第一空用that引导宾语从句，故填that；can；improve。 6.大卫对太空很着迷。他总是想知道宇航员是如何在太空生活的。 David is crazy about space. He always wonders astronauts space. 【答案】 how live in 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，空格处需填写“如何”、“在”、“生活”。how“如何”，可引导宾语从句；live in“在某地生活”，为固定短语。故填how；live；in。 7.在寻求帮助前，你最好问问他们什么时候会有空。 Before getting help, you’d better check ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】when they'll be free 【详解】对比中英文可知，空格处缺少 “他们什么时候会有空”；“check” 后面需要接宾语从句，询问 “他们什么时候会有空”，用陈述语序，且表达将来的状态，用一般将来时；“他们什么时候会有空” 英文表达是 when they will be free。故填 when; they'll; be; free。 8.这个项目帮助孩子获得他们喜欢阅读的东西。 This program has helped children get to read. 【答案】 what they like 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“他们喜欢的东西”；what“……的事物/东西”，引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，they“他们”；like to do sth.“喜欢做某事”，是固定搭配，句子时态为一般现在时，此处用动词原形。故填what；they；like。 9. 医生建议我应该早点休息。 The doctor suggested ________ ________ ________ ________ to bed early. 【答案】that I should go 【详解】“建议” 译为 “suggest”，后接 “that” 引导的宾语从句，“我” 译为 “I”，为人称代词主格；“应该” 译为 “should”，接动词原形；“早点休息” 译为 “go to bed early”，故填 that; I; should; go。 10.他们不知道自己是否能成功，但都尽了最大的努力。 They didn’t know ________   ________   ________ ________ or not, but they all tried their best. 【答案】 whether they could succeed 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，know 后面跟宾语从句，从句结构是 “whether ... or not”，意为 “是否”，引导词后跟陈述句语序。they “他们”，作从句的主语；can “能”，主句用过去式，从句也要用过去时态，因此用 could；succeed “成功”，动词，与 could 一起构成谓语，could 是情态动词，succeed 用动词原形。故填 whether；they；could；succeed 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题14 宾语从句 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破 3 一、宾语从句的定义 3 二、宾语从句的分类 3 三、宾语从句的引导词 4 四、宾语从句的语序 5 五、宾语从句的时态 5 六、宾语从句的注意事项 6 04 优题精选·练能提分 9 课标要求 复习目标 宾语从句种类 宾语从句（动词+宾从；+介词+宾从；be+adj.+宾从） 精准识别宾语从句的句法功能（作动词 / 介词 / 形容词的宾语），明确其基本结构； 熟练掌握连接词（that/if/whether/ 特殊疑问词）的选择逻辑，能根据语境精准匹配； 牢记时态呼应规则（主句时态决定从句时态），规避时态混淆错误； 严格遵循 “陈述语序” 原则，能快速修正语序错误；完成宾语从句与简单句、同义句的转换，提升句型灵活运用能力。 宾语从句（三要素） 掌握宾语从句的定义、结构；熟练运用连接词、时态呼应、陈述语序三大核心规则 注意事项 掌握宾从简化与否定前移 命题预测 宾语从句是中考的重点核心考点。主要有以下命题角度：连接词的选择、时态呼应规则、陈述语序、句型转换、语境理解与逻辑判断。 主要在语法选择、语法填空、选词填空、完成句子、阅读和写作综合运用中考查。 解题锦囊 锦囊 1：先判语序 核心规则：宾语从句必须使用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。 排除技巧：看到选项中出现 “助动词 / 系动词提前” 的结构（如 is he, can I, did you），可直接排除。 示例：I don't know where he is.（正确），而非 I don't know where is he.（错误）。 锦囊 2：再选连接词 陈述事实：用 that 引导，that 无实际意义，在口语和非正式文体中常可省略。 例：He said (that) he would come back soon. 表 “是否”：用 if 或 whether。 只用whether的情况：① 与or not 连用；② 位于介词之后；③ 引导不定式结构。④宾从置于句首 例：I don't know whether he will come or not. 表具体疑问：用对应的特殊疑问词（who, what, where, when, how, why 等）。 例：Could you tell me how I can get to the station? 锦囊 3：再定时态 主句为现在 / 将来时态（一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时等）：从句时态根据实际语境自由选择。 例：I think he is a good student. / I think he will come tomorrow. 主句为过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时等）：从句时态需相应变为过去的某种时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 例：He said he had finished his homework. 特殊情况：从句表达的是客观真理、科学事实或普遍规律时，无论主句时态如何，从句一律用一般现在时。 例：The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 锦囊 4：巧转句型 转换条件：当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语（或主句的间接宾语）一致时。 转换方法：将 “特殊疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语” 结构简化为 “特殊疑问词 + to do” 结构。 示例：I don't know where I should go. → I don't know where to go. Please tell me how I can do it. → Please tell me how to do it. 一、宾语从句的定义 宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的从句，即一个句子作为另一个句子的宾语成分，用来表示动作的对象、内容或结果。如： 二、宾语从句的分类 它通常位于及物动词、介词或某些形容词之后，用来补充说明这些词所涉及的具体内容（如 “说什么”“想什么”“知道什么”“担心什么” 等）。 ①跟在及物动词后（动词 + 宾语从句） She knows that he is honest.（她知道他是诚实的。） ② 跟在介词后（介词 + 宾语从句） We are talking about whether we should go there.（我们在讨论是否应该去那里。） ③跟在某些形容词后（形容词 + 宾语从句） I am sure that he will come.（我确信他会来。） 三、宾语从句的引导词 根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类： 1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 例：He says (that) he likes playing football.他说他喜欢踢足球。 注意：在以下情况，宾语从句的that不能省略。 ①and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如： He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。 ②that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如： I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。 2. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 注意：以下情况的宾语从句中，只能用whether，不能用if： ①引导词与动词不定式连用时。 例：I can’t decide whether to stay or leave.我不能决定是留下还是离开。 ②当从句做介词的宾语时。 例：We are worried about whether we can finish the work on time.我们担心是否能按时完成工作。 ③宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。 例：Whether he will come, I don’t know.他是否会来，我不知道。 ④ 与or连用表明确的二选一选择，或句中出现or not 时，只能用whether，不能用if。 例：I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. 我不知道他是错的还是她错了。 She asked me whether or not I wanted to go.她问我要不要去。 3. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 例：I don’t know who he is.我不知道他是谁。 I want to know whom you are waiting for.我想知道你在等谁。 Could you tell me whose pen this is?你能告诉我这是谁的笔吗？ I don’t know what he wants.我不知道他想要什么。 Please tell me which answer is right.请告诉我哪个答案是对的。 Do you know when the meeting will start?你知道会议什么时候开始吗？ Can you tell me where he lives?你能告诉我他住在哪里吗？ I don’t know why he was late.我不知道他为什么迟到。 Please tell me how I can get there.请告诉我怎样才能到那里。 四、宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。 1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。 例：He is an honest boy. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy. 2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。 例：Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if/whether he works hard. Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday. 注意：当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。 例：What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrong with her. What’s the matter? 怎么了？→ He asked the girl what was the matter. What has happened to him? 他怎么了？→ We want to know what has happened to him. 五、宾语从句的时态 1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。 例：I remember he gave me a book yesterday.我记得他昨天给了我一本书。 He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要动身去纽约。 Please tell us where he is.请告诉我们他在哪里。 Can/Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station?你能告诉我怎么去火车站吗？ 2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 例：He told me that he would take part in the high jump.他告诉我他将要参加跳高比赛。 He asked what time it was.他问现在几点了。 He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.他告诉我他正在为运动会做准备。 He asked if you had written to Peter.他问你是否给彼得写过信。 He said that he would go back to the US soon.他说他很快就要回美国了。 3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。 例：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.我们老师说一月是一年中的第一个月。 Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.科学家已经证明地球绕着太阳转。 He told me that the earth is round.他告诉我地球是圆的。 六、宾语从句的注意事项 1) 宾语从句的否定转移 当陈述句是 “I think（认为）/believe（相信）/ … + 宾语从句” 时，若宾语从句表示否定含义，习惯上要将否定前移到主句的谓语动词 think /believe/ … 前，即 “I don’t think /believe/ … + 宾语从句”。 例：I think it is a good way to lose weight. → I don’t think it is a good way to lose weight. (2) 宾语从句的简化 ① 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是 hope、decide、agree 等时，从句可以简化为不定式结构。 例：I decide that I will go to the park.= I decide to go to the park.我决定去公园。 ② 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，主句的谓语动词是 know、remember、forget、learn 等，且宾语从句由 what、who、which、when、where 等引导时，可以把从句简化为 “疑问词 + 不定式” 结构。 例：I don't know what I should do next.= I don't know what to do next.我不知道下一步该做什么。 ③ 当主句的谓语动词是 ask、tell、show、teach 等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可以简化为 “疑问词 + 不定式” 结构。 例：The teacher told us how we should solve the problem.= The teacher told us how to solve the problem. 老师告诉我们如何解决这个问题。 一、语法选择 1.(2025·广东省卷·真题)She was curious about mom was busy with. A．what B．that C．whether 2.(2024·广东省卷·真题)His mother is satisfied with he spends his money. She thinks it is a smart choice to give Peter pocket money. A．how B．which C．whether 3.(2023·广东省卷·真题)It had a lot of fun training programs, and he enjoyed all of them. There he was often asked he liked space camps so much. A．why B．when C．where 4.(2025·广州·真题)Now, more than ever, I understand I love the sea—it is full of unknown danger, yet beautiful. A．whether B．when C．what D．why 5.(2024·广州·真题)They were so surprised at they saw. A．what B．that C．how D．which 6.(2023·广州·真题)He decided he would get stronger. He would do exercises and flap (拍动) his wings every day. A．what B．why C．when D．that 7.(2025·广东省卷·三模)“As a boy, I didn’t know much about China, and I did know the Great Wall in China,” Jim said, adding that he never imagined have the chance to visit the Great Wall. A．when he will B．when would he C．when he would 8. (2025·广东省卷·二模)She also shows us change our life. She is both a “Super Brain” and a national hero. A．how technology can B．how can technology C．what technology can 9. (2025·广广州·一模)His mother thought for a moment. “Well, we need to check it has an owner, ” she said. A．when B．if C．unless D．until 10. (2025·广广州·一模)One day Lucy went to the library and saw a similar painting in a book, which made her wonder someone still waited in that dark house holding her lantern. A．whether B．that C．what D．how 二、选词填空 1.(2023·广东省卷·真题)Can you guess it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know anything about its history? it   either   be   because   what   else   by   invent   clean   popular   habit   hundred 2.(2025·广东省卷·三模) Later I thought I didn’t want to end up like these climbers, staying here forever. he    step     that     face     brave   whether     courage   and    get   hard   give  with 3.(2025·广东省卷·二模)The main reason was that they didn’t know it was good for their health. eat   create   it   much   people   share   as   if   what   unexpected   however   for 4.(2025·广东省卷·一模)Many foreign tourists visited China to experience the “Nian” culture is celebrated. connect   shop   learn   country   with   true   how   though   all   proud   important   so 5.(2025·广东省卷·一模)Some also wondered they would be allowed to drive after drinking the latte. by   traditional   one   among   whether   be   chance   interest agree   rapidly   they   hardly 三、语法填空 1.(2024·深圳·真题)At first, we weren’t very good. We did not know the problem lay. 2. (2023·深圳·真题)She has found out makes each area’s cuisine (美食) special. 3. (2025·深圳·模拟)In an interview, some reporters asked him he did all of this at the risk of his own career. 4. (2025·深圳·模拟)This festival really set a great example of we can use modern technology to improve traditional skills instead of replacing them. 5. (2025·深圳·模拟)Many people are wondering _________ traditional culture can keep up with the fast‑changing modern society. 四、完成句子 1.(2025·广州·真题)他们担心自己能否学会这些技能。 They worried these skills. 2.(2024·广州·真题)体育老师鼓励他们，并教他们如何能提高合作跑步的技巧。 Their PE teacher encouraged them and taught them improve their skills of running together. 3.(2023·广州·真题)我最喜爱的科目是美术。我也在思考我怎样能借助数学把画画得更好。 My favourite subject is art. I am also thinking about better with the help of maths. 4.(2025·广州·一模)如果你去参加庙会，就能了解到古代人民是如何沿着海上丝绸之路进行贸易的。 If you go to the Temple Fair, you can learn much about through the Maritime Silk Road in ancient times. 5.(2025·广州·一模)讲座结束后，我们还向李老师询问广州哪里可以看粤剧。 When the lecture was over, we asked Miss Li the Cantonese opera in Guangzhou. 一、单项选择 1．I don’t care ________ you’re going to ask for help but the work must be done by dinner time. A．what B．which C．whom D．whose 2. The teacher asked us ________. A．why we are late for class B．why are we late for class C．why we were late for class D．why were we late for class 3. —Excuse me, could you tell me ________ at the school science festival next Friday? —Sure. There will be robot shows and DIY invention competitions. A．what activities will we have B．what activities we will have C．when we will have activities D．where will we have activities 4. I don’t know ______ or not he will come. A．if B．whether C．that D．when 5. Could you please tell me ________ the book The Old Man and the Sea is about? A．what B．who C．where D．When 6. I wonder ______ we will have a meeting this afternoon. A．that B．if C．what D．which 7. They want to know ______ they will have the meeting tomorrow. A．whether B．what C．that D．which 8. My father always says ______ my mom is the best cook in the world. A．if B．whether C．that D．how 9. There are so many beautiful scarves, I don’t know _________ . A．how to buy B．what to buy C．to choose which one D．which one to buy 10. Could you tell me ________ the summer camp for teenagers will start? I need to book the ticket in advance. A．when B．that C．which D．what 11.I wonder ________ the famous poet Bai Juyi wrote so many poems about Jiujiang. A．what B．why C．that D．which 12．The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．traveled C．would travel D．had traveled 13.Tom’s sister promised that she ________ him a new Lego toy as his birthday gift. A．will buy B．would buy C．will sell D．would sell 14.My mother told me that she ______ the housework already. A. finished B. has finished C. had finished D. will finish 15.—Sam, do you know if Alice ________ to my party next week? —I think she will come if she ________. A．will come; will be invited B．comes; is invited C．will come; is invited D．comes; will be invited 二、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 One summer afternoon, Lucy and her brother Tom decided to explore an old house near their village. 1 house has been empty for years, and the windows were covered with dust. “Let’s go inside!” Tom said 2 . Lucy hesitated but finally agreed. As they entered, they noticed 3 on the walls-strange paintings of different people. One painting showed a woman who 4 a lantern. Suddenly, they heard a soft sound from the ceiling. “What’s that?” Lucy whispered. Tom tried to check, but Lucy pulled 5 back. “It 6 be a bird,” Tom said, trying to stay calm. They walked further into the house and found a small door 7 led to the basement. The air there 8 damp and cold. On a table, they saw an old book 9 pages missing. “Look! This book 10 here for many years,” Tom said. As he opened it, a photo fell out. It was a picture of the woman in the painting. On the back, someone had written, “ 11 you find this, please return it to the library.” Lucy got a cold feeling. “Let’s leave now,” she said. They ran out as 12 as they could. Later, they learned the house 13 by a writer who disappeared long ago. One day Lucy went to the library and saw a similar painting in a book, which made her wonder 14 someone still waited in that dark house holding her lantern. 15 , they had never been back. 1．A．/ B．An C．A D．The 2．A．excited B．excitedly C．exciting D．excitement 3．A．something unusual B．anything unusual C．unusual something D．unusual anything 4．A．is holding B．are holding C．was holding D．were holding 5．A．him B．he C．his D．himself 6．A．can B．should C．may D．must 7．A．who B．when C．where D．which 8．A．is B．was C．were D．are 9．A．for B．from C．with D．of 10．A．lies B．lay C．had lain D．has lain 11．A．Unless B．If C．Before D．Though 12．A．quick B．quicker C．quickly D．more quickly 13．A．owns B．owned C．was owned D．is owned 14．A．whether B．that C．what D．how 15．A．And B．But C．However D．So 三、选词填空 (2025·广东省·一模)请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次。有两词为多余项。 that  driver  cross  in  like  however  safe  smooth  experience  so  they  call Have you seen cars driving themselves on the road? In cities 1 Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Wuhan, some companies are already testing (测试) self-driving taxis. These cars work like robots—no 2 needed! They are also 3 robotaxis. How do they move safely? They use cameras, computers, and sensors (传感器) to “see” the world around them. For example, if a person 4 the road suddenly, the car will stop at once. Some people think 5 the idea of self-driving taxis is so cool. It will be a totally different and interesting 6 to take a ride in them. People will feel they are living in the future world. Also, these taxis drive 7 and safely. After all, they won’t break the traffic rules. Besides, people can feel free to talk because there’s no driver! 8 , some people think there are still challenges. For one thing, the technology isn’t perfect yet, so some people still worry about the 9 . For another thing, many taxi drivers may lose 10 jobs. Who knows? Maybe soon you’ll ride a self-driving taxi to school! 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The most difficult thing for university student Ted Rogers is opening his classroom door. Ted can’t do this without help because he’s only six years old. He’s the youngest person ever to study at Rochester University in New York. Ted 1 (begin) reading at two, and by four, he had known a lot about many subjects from astronomy to zoology (动物学). By the age of five, he had been able to talk to university professors about his ideas. Ted just 2 (complete) his first book. It will come out in a few months, shortly after his 3 (eight) birthday. “I love learning.” says Ted. “My hero is the scientist Albert Einstein because he never brushed his hair or 4 (wear) socks. “Psychologists(心理学家) have found it difficult 5 (test) Ted’s cleverness because they do not have high enough scores for him. Ted’s mother first knew her son was different when he kept 6 (cry) at play school because he was bored with the children’s games. She started teaching him at home after finding that local schools were not prepared for children who learned at Ted’s speed. Now Ted 7 (study) geography at Rochester University and using the Internet to complete his high school studies. However, some psychologists warn that too much study can stop a child from 8 (grow) up in a healthy way. “I don’t care 9 clever the kid is. Six - year - olds have to play with their friends,” says Dr. Brian Wood. Mrs. Rogers doesn’t agree that her son’s time 10 (take) up completely by schoolwork. “He loves the violin and has many outdoor interests, such as camping, fishing and swimming, just like other boys of his age.” 五、完成句子 1. 在停留期间，三位宇航员也研究了如何保护空间站免受太空碎片撞击。 During their stay, the three astronauts also studied the space station from space debris. 2. 全世界人们都想知道他们是否能在六个月后安全回来。 People all over the world wonder to Earth safely in six months. 3．我的朋友们也想知道我们为什么对科技节感兴趣。 My friends also wondered in the science festival. 4. 老师告诉我们，我们可以在活动中做什么。 The teacher told us at the event. 5．研究表明AI能够提高学生的学习效率。 Research shows AI students’ learning efficiency. 6.大卫对太空很着迷。他总是想知道宇航员是如何在太空生活的。 David is crazy about space. He always wonders astronauts space. 7.在寻求帮助前，你最好问问他们什么时候会有空。 Before getting help, you’d better check ________ ________ ________ ________. 8.这个项目帮助孩子获得他们喜欢阅读的东西。 This program has helped children get to read. 9. 医生建议我应该早点休息。 The doctor suggested ________ ________ ________ ________ to bed early. 10.他们不知道自己是否能成功，但都尽了最大的努力。 They didn’t know ________   ________   ________ ________ or not, but they all tried their best. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $