06-第二部分 话题6 生活百科（作业本）-【众相原创·减负中考】2026年中考英语配套课件（人教版 广西专用）

该初中英语中考复习课件全面覆盖完形填空、选择型阅读理解、任务型阅读理解（2025新增题型）及选词填空等核心考点，对接广西中考高频话题“生活百科”，按说明文等常考文体分析考点权重，如完形填空注重上下文逻辑与词汇辨析，阅读理解侧重细节理解与推理判断，体现中考备考的针对性。 课件亮点在于“话题聚焦+题型突破”模式，如任务型阅读通过“五秒规则”实验案例，培养学生语言理解与思维品质，完形填空解析强调语境分析法，选词填空归纳高频词汇。配套限时训练与易错点分析，帮助学生掌握答题技巧，教师可依此系统规划复习，提升学生中考得分率。

广西 英 语 减负作业本 1 第二部分 广西中考高频话题练 话题6 生活百科 2 一、完形填空 文体：说明文 难度：★★★☆☆ 词数：约250词 建议用时：7分钟 Taking a shower can always help relax our bodies. But do you know that it can also relax our minds? Some people enjoy thinking . .1. . in the shower! In a 2019 study, 87 scientists and 98 writers did something . .2. .. They . .3. . their creative ideas every day. 3 Also, they wrote down what they were doing at that time. From the results, most of their creative ideas . .4. . when they were at work. But about 20 percent of the . .5. . came when they were doing easy things, like taking a shower or washing dishes. Why could they get good ideas at these moments? Well, this is called the “shower effect”. It is because of a brain pattern called the Default Mode Network （DMN, 默认模式 网络）. It comes into play when you are relaxing or doing some . .6. . tasks. These tasks usually don’t need much thought. “Even when you are not . .7. . a problem, your brain still keeps working,” scientist Randy L. Buckner explained. “The DMN helps you mix things up in different ways in your . .8. . and imagine what could happen.” So, when you are . .9. . on a problem, try doing something mindless（不动脑筋的）! Besides taking a shower, you can also do the dishes . .10. . even just take a walk outside. You may come up with new ideas when you allow your mind to wander（走神）! It’s really a cool way to get creative!#6 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“淋浴效应”， 即人们在放松或做简单任务时，因大脑默认模式网络（DMN） 发挥作用，更易产生创意想法，还建议人们遇到难题时做些不动 脑筋的事来激发创意。 7 1.( ) A. quickly B. secretly C. silently C 【解析】根据语境及常识可知，有些人喜欢在淋浴时安静地思考。 2.( ) A. boring B. common C. interesting C 【解析】根据后文做研究的内容可知，科学家和作家做的事是有 趣的研究行为。 8 3.( ) A. recorded B. refused C. accepted A 【解析】根据语境可知，他们每天记录有创意的想法。 4.( ) A. managed B. appeared C. served B 【解析】根据语境可知，大多数有创意的想法在工作时出现。 5.( ) A. senses B. ideas C. memories B 【解析】根据上句可知，这里指其中百分之二十的创意想法。 9 6.( ) A. simple B. fair C. serious A 【解析】根据下一句可知，是做简单的任务。 7.( ) A. caring for B. talking about C. working on C 【解析】根据空后半句语境可知，即使在你不钻研问题的时候， 你的大脑仍然在持续运转。 8.( ) A. mind B. space C. time A 【解析】根据语境可知，是在脑海里用不同的方式混合事物。 10 9.( ) A. reached B. stuck C. driven B 【解析】根据“try doing something mindless”可知，是被问题 困住时，尝试做些不动脑筋的事。 10.( ) A. but B. so C. or C 【解析】根据语境可知，这里是提供不同的选择，应用or。 11 二、选择型阅读理解 A . 文体：说明文 难度：★★★☆☆ 词数：约260词 建议用时：8分钟 You might think the sun is yellow, but it’s not that simple. The sun actually shines with all the colors of the rainbow. But it’s brightest in the blue and green parts of the spectrum（光谱）. In other words, the sun 12 should look blue or green. But it clearly doesn’t. Why is that? It has to do with how our eyes work. Our eyes have three types of special cells called cones（视锥细胞）. They help us see colors: red, green, and blue. When sunlight hits these cells, they send messages to our brains. Our brains use these messages to decide what color we see. If all three cells send strong messages, we will see white light. That’s what happens with sunlight. Even though it shines more blue and green light, the sun looks white because our eyes mix all the colors together. That’s why the sun looks white to astronauts in space! But on Earth, something different happens. As sunlight passes through the air around Earth, tiny particles（微粒） spread out shorter blue waves in every direction. This is why the sky looks blue! At the same time, longer red, yellow, and orange waves pass straight through. So during the day, the sun appears yellow or orange. At sunrise or sunset, it might look redder because the light travels through more air, spreading out even more blue light. So, what color is the sun? It depends on where you are. In space, it’s white. On Earth, it’s often golden or orange. But no matter what, it’s still our bright, shiny star!#1.6 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太阳的真实颜 色：彩虹色光，因人眼视锥细胞混合颜色及大气散射，在地球多 呈金黄或橙色，在太空则为白色，揭示其颜色差异的科学原理。 16 1.What color does the sun actually shine with?( ) C A. Both blue and green. B. Only the color yellow. C. All colors of the rainbow. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，太阳实际上闪耀 着彩虹的所有颜色。 17 2.图片理解题 Which picture can match the information in the passage?( ) A A. B. C. 【解析】图片理解题。根据第一段第三句及后文内容可知，文章 涉及的知识点是关于光谱的。 18 3.Why do astronauts think the sun is white? ( ) B A. Because sunlight has no blue or green light. B. Because our eyes mix all colors of sunlight together. C. Because astronauts see stronger red light from the sun. 【解析】细节理解题。结合第二段和第三段可知，太空中无空气 散射，所有颜色混合成白色。因此，宇航员看到的太阳是白色的。 19 4.What can we know from the passage?( ) B A. We can see the red, yellow and orange color more easily. B. The sky looks blue because blue waves are spread by air particles. C. Red, yellow and orange waves can’t pass through air around Earth. 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，当阳光穿过 地球周围的空气时，微小颗粒在各个方向上散射出较短的蓝色波， 因此天空看起来是蓝色的。 20 5.Where is this passage probably taken from?( ) C A. A cooking guide. B. A sports newspaper. C. A science magazine. 【解析】文章出处题。本文主要介绍了太阳颜色的科学原理，最 可能出自科学杂志。 21 B . 文体：说明文 难度：★★★★☆ 词数：约270词 建 议用时：8分钟 The first modern escalator（自动扶梯） appeared at the Paris Expo in 1900. By 1911, it had become a key part of London’s subway. A new “unspoken rule” came with it: Stand on the right, walk on the left. This let tired people rest on one side, while others in a hurry could pass quickly. 22 At first, this seemed friendly. But today, experts say it causes problems. Why? Because too many people standing on the same side wears out（磨损） escalators faster. This makes breakdowns more likely to happen. For example, Nanjing Metro found in 2016 that 95% of their escalators had serious damage on the right side. Also, walking on moving escalators is dangerous. Escalator steps are higher than normal stairs, so people often fall down. Research shows 75% of escalator accidents happen when people walk. Walking actually slows everyone down. “If people walk on the left but stand on the right, it takes longer to clear the crowd,” says Michael Fu, a business professor. Most people stand, so the left side stays empty. This causes crowds to build up at the bottom. In 2015, London tested a new idea: everyone stands on both sides. At Holborn Station, one of London’s busiest, congestion（拥堵） dropped by 30%. Standing took 40 seconds, while walking took 26 seconds. But waiting time at the bottom fell from 138 seconds to just 59 seconds! Now, more cities are changing rules. People are asked to stand on either side and not walk. The change helps escalators last longer, reduces accidents, and moves crowds faster. So next time you ride, just stand still, stay safe, and enjoy the ride!#1.8 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自动扶梯使用 规则的变化：从传统“右侧站立，左侧行走”转为“两侧站立”。旧 规则致扶梯易损、事故多、通行慢，新规则则延长寿命、减少事 故并加快人流，说明了规则调整的原因及益处。 26 1.What problem did the old rule cause?( ) A A. Escalators broke down more easily. B. Escalators became cleaner and tidier. C. Fewer people usually used escalators. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，旧规则导致 扶梯更快损坏以及更容易故障。 27 2.What does the underlined phrase “clear the crowd” mean in Paragraph 4?( ) C A. Make people angry. B. Count the number of people. C. Move people away quickly. 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段最后两句可知，大多数人站着， 所以左边是空的。这导致人群在底部聚集。因此，如果人们靠左 走，但站在右边，那么清理人群，即让人们尽快移动，需要更长 的时间。 28 3.What do the numbers in Paragraph 5 show?( ) B A. Walking takes more time than standing. B. Standing cuts down waiting time at the bottom. C. London’s subway is the busiest in the world. 【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可知，数据表明新规 则使人们在扶梯底部等待的时间从138秒降至59秒，因此，新规 减少了人们在底部的等候时间。 29 4.What do new rules ask people to do?( ) C A. Walk on the left and run on the right. B. Stand on the right and run on the left. C. Stand on either side and not walk. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段第一、二句可知，现在，越来 越多的城市正在改变规则——人们被要求站在电梯两边，不要站 在上面行走。 30 5.Which is the best title for the passage?( ) B A. The History of Escalators B. The Changes in Escalator Rules C. Dangerous Accidents on Escalators 【解析】标题归纳题。本文的主旨是扶梯规则的变化，选项B最 贴合。 31 三、 任务型阅读理解 2025中考新增题型 文体：说明文 难度：★★★☆☆ 词数：约250词 建议用时：7分钟 “Quick, pick it up—you can still eat that!” We’ve all heard this saying about the “five-second rule”. The rule is that if food is picked up in five seconds after falling, many believe it’s safe to eat. But how much truth is there to this common idea? 32 Scientist Nicholas Aicher from Illinois put the rule to the test. He shared his video online, and over a million people watched his video which led to heated discussions. In his study, he checked how many bacteria（细菌） got on food that touched the floor for different times—from one second to one minute. Surprisingly, the result was that food left for five seconds had about the same amount of bacteria as food left for sixty seconds. This shows the rule might not be true. “All food samples（样本） had bacteria, even after just one second. It seems that even zero second is too long,” Aicher said. Many people who saw the video still said they would follow the rule because they don’t want to waste food. So what’s more important—saving food or staying healthy? The answer isn’t simple. Dirty floors can grow harmful bacteria like Salmonella. If you eat food with it, you might get ill. But if your home is clean, the risk is smaller. Making smart choices helps balance food safety with reducing waste. Before using the five-second rule, think: Is this floor clean? How long ago was it cleaned?#1.4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家 Nicholas Aicher对“五秒规则”进行测试的情况，通过实验结果揭 示该规则可能并不正确，同时探讨了在避免食物浪费与保障健康 之间如何做出权衡。 1.What is the “five-second rule”? ________________________________________________________ _______________________ If food is picked up in five seconds after falling, many believe it’s safe to eat. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，“五秒规则”的定 义就是食物掉落后的五秒内快速捡起，很多人认为仍可安全食用。 36 2.How many people watched Aicher’s video? ______________________ Over a million people. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，观看Aicher视频 的人数超过一百万人。 37 3.Why do some people still follow the “five-second rule” after seeing the video? ______________________________________ Because they don’t want to waste food. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，一些人看了视 频后仍遵循“五秒规则”，原因是不想浪费食物。 38 4.What might happen if you eat food with harmful bacteria? _________________ We might get ill. 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第四句可知，食用带有有害 细菌的食物可能会生病。 39 5.文章续写题 Write an ending sentence for the passage. （不超过15个词） ________________________________________________________ _________________ Therefore, it’s good to avoid wasting food, but safety is important too./… 【解析】文章续写题。根据最后一段内容可知，结尾句需要总结 两者的关系，比如：避免浪费是好的，但是安全也很重要。答案 不唯一，言之有理即可。 40 四、选词填空 文体：说明文 难度：★★★☆☆ 词数：约240词 建议用时：7分钟#1 wear easily healthy eye get we common feve r from safety Spring is a pretty season full of life, but it also brings some common diseases. Knowing about them can help us keep 1. ________. healthy 41 One common spring disease is the flu. In spring, the flu virus（病毒） gets more active, so people get the flu 2._______. You may have a high 3. ______, a cough, and a sore throat. To stay away 4. ______the flu, we could do more exercise to keep in good health. Allergies（过敏） are also very 5. _________ in spring. There is much pollen（花粉） in the air in spring. It can make people allergic. People who are allergic to pollen may easily fever from common have red and uncomfortable 6. _____, a runny nose （流鼻涕）, and sneezing（打喷嚏）. To avoid 7. ________ allergies, it’s a good idea to go out less when there’s a lot of pollen in the air. Another problem is that spring is a time when germs （病菌） grow fast. Stomach problems can happen if we don’t pay attention to food 8. _______. Keeping our hands clean and eating fresh food are helpful ways to stop stomach problems. eyes getting safety In spring, the weather is often changeable. We should 9.______ the right clothes according to the weather. If we can follow these things, we can take care of 10.__________. Then we can enjoy the beauty of spring without worrying about getting sick.#1.7 wear ourselves 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了春天常见的疾 病以及对应的预防方法，还提及了根据天气增减衣物，遵循这些 能让我们保持健康，享受春天。 1. ________ healthy 【解析】根据句意及备选词可知，此处缺少形容词。表示了解这 些疾病可以帮助我们保持健康，healthy符合语境。 2. _______ easily 【解析】根据句意及备选词可知，此处缺少副词，表示春天流感 病毒活跃，人们容易得流感，easily符合语境。 45 3. ______ fever 【解析】根据句意及备选词可知，此处缺少名词，表示你也许会 发高烧。fever符合语境。 4. ______ from 【解析】stay away from远离……，是固定短语。 46 5. _________ common 【解析】根据句意及备选词可知，此处缺少形容词，表示过敏在 春天很常见，common符合语境。 6. _____ eyes 【解析】根据句意及备选词可知，此处缺少名词，表示花粉过敏 者可能出现眼睛发红、不舒服的情况。eye符合语境，结合常识 可知，应用其复数形式。 47 7. ________ getting 【解析】根据句意及备选词可知，此处缺少动词，表示避免过敏。 get符合语境，avoid doing sth.避免做某事，是固定用法，应用 其动名词形式。 8. _______ safety 【解析】根据句意及备选词可知，此处缺少名词，表示不注意食 品安全可能引发肠胃问题。safety符合语境，为不可数名词。 48 9. ______ wear 【解析】根据句意及备选词可知，此处缺少动词，表示春天天气 多变，要穿合适的衣服。wear符合语境，should后接动词原形。 10. __________ ourselves 【解析】take care of oneself照顾自己,是固定表达，主语是we， 对应的反身代词是ourselves。 49 50 $