2026届高考英语·重难点专项突破练习卷3名词性从句引导词嵌套与句式识别 导学案

2026高考英语·重难点专项突破练习卷3

名词性从句引导词嵌套与句式识别

核【核心知识·深度解读】

名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。近三年高考语法填空和短文改错中，对于名词性从句的考查不再是简单的that/whether区分，而是强调在复杂句式（嵌套结构）中正确选择引导词，以及识别从句类型对句子结构的完整性的影响。

1. 引导词的三大类型：①连接词that（无意义，不作成分，只起连接作用，宾语从句中可省略，但主语/表语/同位语从句不可省）；②连接词whether/if（“是否”，不作成分，if不能用于主语从句句首）；③连接代词（what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever等，在从句中作主/宾/表/定）；④连接副词（when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever等，在从句中作状语）。

2. 嵌套结构（双重从句）： 如“What surprised us was that he knew nothing about it.” —— what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句。又如“I wonder whether what he said is true.” —— whether引导宾语从句，what引导主语从句（作said的宾语）。

3. 形式主语/宾语it的运用： 当主语从句过长时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语从句后置。如“It is obvious that he is lying.”。类似地，形式宾语：I think it necessary that we should start early.

4. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别： 同位语从句说明名词的内容（idea, fact, news等），that在从句中不作成分；定语从句对名词进行修饰限定，关系词在从句中作成分。例如：The news that he told me （定语从句，that作told的宾语） vs. The news that he won the game （同位语从句，that不作成分）。

5.  语法填空： “The question is ______ we can finish the work on time.” 此处缺表语从句引导词，且从句成分完整，但意思为“是否”，故填whether。2024·全国甲卷：“______ matters most is not the result but the effort.” 主语从句缺主语，指事情，填What。

 

 

 

 

 

 

从句类型	常见引导词	注意点
主语从句	that, whether, what, which, who, when, where, why, how	that不可省；whether比if常用
宾语从句	that, if/whether, 疑问词	that常省略；介词后不用if；否定前移
表语从句	that, whether, as if, because, 疑问词	because引导表语从句较特殊（This is because...）
同位语从句	that, whether, 疑问词	that不作成分，不能省略；常修饰fact, news, idea等

题型：语法填空（每空填一词，注意引导词及嵌套）

【语篇一 · 哲理故事】

Once upon a time, a king asked his wise men, “①________ makes a person truly happy?” The wise men debated for days, but ②________ they concluded was unclear. Finally, an old man said, “The secret is ③________ happiness comes from within. ④________ we often seek it outside is ⑤________ causes disappointment.” The king realized ⑥________ he had been looking in the wrong place. He understood ⑦