08-一、专题二 动词和动词短语-考点4 被动语态-【众相原创·减负中考】2026年中考英语基础精讲册（人教版 河北专用）

12.was translated II.1.forms 2.first 3.in 4.widely 5.with 6.balloons 7.sounds 8.was listed 9.but 10.historical 11.an 12.them 13.polished 14.to complete 15.will remain 九年级（全)Units7~8 考点讲练 1.our 2.to tell;lying 3.in 4.ending 5.collecting 6.from 7.manager 8.management 9.to deal 10.attended 11.joined 12.in 13.asleep 14.sleepy 15.a 16.sleeping 随堂小练 I.1.a 2.after 3.on 4.at 5.hugged 6.safety 7.stamps 8.rabbits 9.her 10.poems 11.sleepy 12.was crying 13.attended 14.coats 15.becoming II.1.twelfth 2.landed 3.entered 4.as 5.mysteries 6.receives 7.longest 8.leaders 9.medical 10.from 11.but 12.to honor 13.an 14.slowly 15.was built 九年级（全)Units9~10 考点讲练 1.to buy/buying 2.to/over 3.to be 4.that 5.a 6.to leave 7.supposed 8.to wear 9.that 10.spending 11.worthy 12.for 13.harmful 14.of 随堂小练 1.1.by 2.at 3.a 4.an 5.off 6.in 7.sadness 8.seasons 9.director 10.stuck II.1.to 2.preferred 3.of 4.dialogs 5.ending 6.me 7.gradually 8.second 9.sadder 10.an 11.shuts 12.saves 13.but 14.to exchange 15.will have II.1.What are you going to do this weekend?2.Smooth music./I like smooth music.3.Would you like to watch a 第二部分 一、词类 专题一名词 考点1名词辨析 拓展提升练 1.C2.B3.A4.B5.D6.C7.A8.B9.A 10.D 考点2名词的数 河北5年真题练 1.turns 2.months 3.jobs 4.pleasure 5.schools 6.children 7.colors 8.kinds 9.matches 拓展提升练 I.1.visitors 2.discussion 3.robots 4.postmen 5.scarves/scarfs 6.teeth 7.tomatoes 8.seasons 9.inventors 10.Canadian 11.knives 12.heroes 13.kites 14.flowers 15.artist 16.scientist 17.safety 18.pressure 19.invitation 20.teacher 21.magician 22.brushes 23.boxes 24.photos 25.development II.1.years 2.activities 3.friends 4.places 5.classes 考点3名词所有格 拓展提升练 1.Tom's 2.minutes'3.father's 4.theirs 5.Children's 语法知识滚动练 1.hours 2.classmates 3.habits 4.candies 5.meals 6.dishes 7.snacks 8.months 9.friends 10.importance 专题二 动词和动词短语 考点1动词和动词短语 河北5年真题 1.A2.A 4 movie with me this weekend?4.What's the movie about? 5.When and where shall we meet? 九年级（全)Units11~12 考点讲练 1.colorful 2.to say 3.for 4.understood 5.to leave 6.her 7.drove 8.when 9.By 10.got 11.By 12.in 13.lively 14.a 15.living 随堂小练 I.1.on 2.out 3.of 4.a 5.with 6.friendship 7.believable 8.weight 9.discoveries 10.nodding 11.coaches 12.wealthy 13.ladies II.1.a 2.blocks 3.in 4.stared 5.banker 6.to kick 7.have passed 8.overslept 9.quickly 10.But 11.first 12.were cancelled/canceled 13.was driving 14.into 15.luckiest II.1.Have you ever been late for class?2.Why were you late for class today?3.What time/When did you wake up?4.No,I didn't.5.How did you get to school? 九年级（全)Units13~14 考点讲练 1.in 2.works 3.as 4.of 5.for 6.for 7.to say 8.for 9.first 10.to join 随堂小练 I.1.off 2.a 3.for 4.back 5.in 6.in 7.for 8.fishermen 9.methods 10.ours 11.wooden 12.advantages 13.to wait II.1.probably 2.to recycle 3.away/out 4.built 5.were pulled 6.an 7.her 8.overcame 9.and 10.costs 11.seventh 12.for 13.works 14.thankful 15.creativity 语法知识讲练 拓展提升练 I.1.A2.C3.A4.B5.B Ⅱ.1.D2.C3.B4.A5.A6.B7.A8.C9.D 10.B 考点2情态动词 河北5年真题练 1.B2.A3.C 拓展提升练 1.A2.A3.C4.C5.D6.D 考点3谓语动词的时态 河北5年真题练 1.taught 2.will make 3.washes;is setting;will do;helped; got 4.gets 5.will order 6.has studied 7.rang 8.shouted 9.has read 10.are playing 11.got 12.tells 13.was taking 14.likes 15.invited 16.works 17.won 拓展提升练 1.is giving 2.picks 3.turns 4.appears 5.has created 6.are 7.made 8.showed 9.started 10.asked 11.were thinking 12.praised 13.becomes 14.have achieved 15.will continue 考点4被动语态 河北5年真题练 1.is called 2.is cut 3.was read 4.is provided 5.were made 拓展提升练 1.will be replaced 2.will be held 3.be avoided 4.was built 5.be protected 考点5动词的非谓语形式 河北5年真题练 1.to create 2.to change考点4被动语态 ★ 课标语法导图★ 主动语态 主语是动作的执行者 由by引出，by意为“被，由”；概念：主语是动作的承受者 被动 般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done 语态 般过去时的被动语态：was/were+done 词的 构成 般将来时的被动语态：will/shall/be going to+be+done 含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+done 主动语态变 被动语态的方法 口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词用被动 主动形式表被动意义的情况 考点讲解 一、主动语态和被动语态 )易错点 英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。当主语为动作的执行者 主动语态变被动语 时，谓语的形式为主动语态；当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。 态的特殊情况：主动语 二、用法 态中有些感官动词（如 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要说明谁是动作的执行 hear,see,watch,notice 者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。 等)和使役动词（如 三、被动语态的构成 make,let等)后用不带 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词be有人 to的不定式作宾语补足 称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与b作为连系动词时完全一样。初中常 语，变为被动语态时，要 用时态（含情态动词）的被动语态构成如下： 把不定式符号to还 时态 被动语态结构 例句 原。如： 般现在时 hear/see sb.do sth.→ am/is/are+done The classroom is cleaned by us every day. (5年4考) sb.be heard/seen to 一般过去时 The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday do sth was/were+done (5年2考)》 afternoon. make sb.do sth.→sb. 一般将来时 will/shall/be going to The classroom will be cleaned by us this be made to do sth +be+done afternoon. The classroom should be cleaned by us this 含情态动词 情态动词+be+done afternoon. 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 主动语态：They planted a tree. 主语 谓语 宾语 被动语态：A tree was planted by them 宾语变主语 be+过去分词主语变为by+宾语 口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词用被动。 107 五、主动形式表被动意义的情况 易错点 主动形式表被动意义的情况 例句 不能使用被动语态 的情况： 某些系动词，如look,sound,.taste,smell,feel等， The T-shirt feels comfortable. 1.不及物动词（短语） 可用主动形式表示被动意义 没有被动语态，常见的 表示主语的特征、状态的动词，如write,read, 有happen,take place, sell,clean,cook,bum等，与well,easily,quickly Her new novel sells well. belong to等； 等副词连用时，常用主动形式表示被动意义 2.表示状态的动词没有 当open,close,shut,lock,move等用作不及物动 被动语态，常见的有 词且表示主语的某种属性而不强调被执行的动作 The door doesn't open. have,own,fail,cost, 时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义，此类动词通常 fit,last(持续)等； 与cant,wont等连用 3.祈使句一般没有被动 表示“发生(take place,happen)”“传播(spread)” 语态； “爆发(break out)”的不及物动词（词组），常用主 The news spread quickly. 4.反身代词在句中作宾 动形式表示被动意义 语时，不能用被动语态； sth.be worth doing结构中，doing表示被动意义 This book is worth reading. 5.当及物动词leave, need/require+doing”相当于“need/require+tobe Your car needs washing. enter,reach等的宾语是 done”,其中to be done是不定式的被动结构 Your car needs to be washed. 表示地，点和处所的名词 时，不能用被动语态。 ★短文填空解题技巧2-7动词原形am/is/are/was/were+动词过去分词 适用情况 示例 主语是动作的承受者 The building was built(built)in 1900. 句子为被 有被动语态的标志词by The problem was solved(solve)by Jack. 动语态 一些固定句式中，如：It is said/believed It is said(say)that the new restaurant is excellent reported that... 考点测验 河北5年真题练 1.(2025河北43题节选)With pieces of paper in it,the jug (call)“Good Things Jug”. 2.(2025河北样卷49题节选)At weekends,we usually do some gardening and shopping.The grass around our house (cut)about once a month. 3.(2024河北38题改编)Emma got excited when her writing (read)as a model in class. 4.(2023河北40题改编)Breakfast provide)every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village. 5.(2021河北39题改编)These gifts (make)by children in their last summer holidays. 拓展提升练 用所给词的适当形式填空 1.（2025广安改编)Maybe books (replace)by the Internet in the future. 108 2.The next Winter Olympic Games (hold)in Italy in 2026. 3.Many road accidents can (avoid)if we all follow traffic rules. 4.The new library 、 (build)last year and it has become a popular place for students. 5.In order to have a green world,the natural environment must protect)by everyone. 考点5动词的非谓语形式 ★课标语法导图★ 基本形式：①to+动词原形；②省略to的不定式 形式 否定形式：not to+动词原形 动词不定式 作宾语、宾语补足语、状语 句法功能 作主语、表语、定语 非 基本形式：动词原形+-ing 语动 形式 否定形式：not+动词原形+-ing 动名词 句法功能：作主语、表语、宾语、定语 分类：现在分词、过去分词 分词 句法功能：作定语、补语等 考点讲解 一、动词不定式 动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。其否定形式由“ot+动词不定式” 构成。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即 可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。 1.动词不定式(todo)的功能 功能 例句 作主语 To keep the classroom clean is important. 作宾语 I want to keep the classroom clean. 作表语 My purpose is to keep the classroom clean. 作补足语 Our teacher advises us to keep the classroom clean. 目的状语 I collect rubbish to keep the classroom clean. 作状语 原因状语 I am happy to keep the classroom clean. 结果状语I am free enough to clean the classroom. 作定语 I am not free now.I have many things to do. 注意 ①动词不定式作主语时，常用t作形式主语，真正的主语一动词不定式则被后置。如：ts difficult for me to learn math well. ②若单个动词不定式位于句首作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：To learn math well is difficult for me. 109