Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures（导学案）（含思维提升训练）英语人教版必修第三册

该高中英语导学案聚焦人教版必修第三册Unit 5，核心内容为情态动词（may, must, can等）的功能（必要性、可能性等）及过去将来结构（would do/was/were going to do）。课堂导入通过“温故知新”环节，先匹配情态动词与功能，再结合《百万英镑》情境填空，衔接旧知搭建学习支架。 资料特色在于融合语篇与思维训练，结合《百万英镑》故事情节设计口语表达和观点讨论，提升语言能力。思维提升题通过情境逻辑分析和结构对比，培养思维品质，分层习题覆盖词汇、语法、阅读等，助力巩固知识，培养学习能力，体现英语学科“用中学”的学习方法。

人教版必修第三册Unit 5 The Value of Money Discovering Useful Structures（导学案） 1.掌握本课时 Discovering Useful Structures 部分的重点情态动词、功能及相关结构； √情态动词：may, must, can, ought to, might, had better, would, should √功能：表达必要性（necessity）、可能性（possibility）、义务（obligation）、请求（request）、建议（advice）、意图（intention） √结构：would do /was/were going to do（表示过去将来的意图或打算） 2.能识别不同语境中情态动词的具体功能，并在语篇中正确选用合适的情态动词完成填空练习。 3.掌握 would do 和 was/were going to do 的用法，能准确描述过去将来的意图或打算，完成相关句式表达。 4.能运用所学情态动词和结构，围绕《百万英镑》的故事情节进行口语表达和观点讨论，提升语言运用的准确性和逻辑性。 1、 基础词汇记忆 1. 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.____________ /stʌk/adj. 卡住的；被困住的 2.____________ /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/adj. 不寻常的 3.____________ /kənˈfjuːzd/adj. 困惑的 4.____________ /ˈkɒnsjələt/n. 领事馆 5.____________ /əˈvɔɪd/v. 避免 6.____________ /ˈruːɪn/v. 毁坏；破坏 7.____________ /ˈsetl/v. 定居；解决 8.____________ /ˈdjuːti/n. 责任；义务 二、温故知新 1. 1.将下列情态动词与对应的功能（A-F）进行匹配。 A. necessity（必要性） B. possibility（可能性） C. obligation（义务） D. request（请求） E. advice（建议） F. intention（意图） 1. 2. must → ______ 3. should → ______ 4. can → ______ 5. ought to → ______ 6. might → ______ 7. had better → ______ 8. would → ______ 9. may → ______ 2. 从方框中选择合适的情态动词填空（可重复使用）： may, must, can, ought to, might, had better, would, should 1. In the film, Henry is stuck in a foreign country. This situation ______ seem unusual, but it can happen to travelers. 2. First, you ______ stay calm. Fear can make you become confused. 3. You ______ go to your nearest consulate. They ______ be able to help to some extent. 4. You ______ avoid getting into trouble. You ______ think that stealing some money would help you, but you should not do that. 5. Getting caught ______ ruin your life. 【知识梳理 1】First, and most importantly, you must stay calm. (P54) 首先，也是最重要的，你必须保持冷静。 must /mʌst/ modal v. 必须；一定；肯定 【例句】 You must finish your homework before you go out to play. 你必须在出去玩之前完成作业。 The light is on, so he must be at home. 灯亮着，所以他一定在家。 【知识拓展】 must 表必要性：强调主观上的 “必须”，语气强烈。 mustn’t /ˈmʌsnt/ 表 “禁止；不准”，语气严厉。 must 表推测：用于肯定句，意为 “一定；肯定”，否定推测用 can’t。 【即学即练】 1.翻译句子：You mustn’t smoke in the hospital. 2.同义句转换：It is necessary for us to protect the environment. → We ______ protect the environment. 【知识梳理 2】Second, you should go to your nearest consulate. (P54) 其次，你应该去最近的领事馆。 should /ʃʊd/ /ʃəd/; ought to /ˈɔːt tə/ modal v. 应该；应当 【例句】 You should apologize to your friend for your rude words. 你应该为你的粗鲁话语向朋友道歉。 We ought to respect the old and love the young. 我们应该尊老爱幼。 【知识拓展】 should/ought to 表建议：语气比 must 缓和，意为 “应该；应当”，ought to 语气稍强。 should/ought to have done：表示 “本应该做某事（但实际上没做）”，含有责备或遗憾的语气。 【即学即练】 1.翻译句子：You ought to have finished the report yesterday. 2.同义句转换：It’s better for you to take a map with you. → You ______ take a map with you. 【知识梳理 3】This situation might seem unusual, but it can sometimes happen to travellers. (P54) 这种情况可能看起来不寻常，但有时也会发生在旅行者身上。 may /meɪ/; might /maɪt/; can /kæn/ /kən/ modal v. 可能；也许；可以 【例句】 It may rain this afternoon, so you’d better take an umbrella. 今天下午可能会下雨，所以你最好带把伞。 Accidents can happen even to the most careful drivers. 即使是最小心的司机也可能发生事故。 【知识拓展】 may/might 表可能性：might 语气比 may 更弱，表 “或许；可能”；may/might have done 表 “过去可能做过某事”。 can 表客观可能性：意为 “有时会；可能”，用于描述普遍情况；can’t/couldn’t have done 表 “过去不可能做过某事”。 【即学即练】 1.翻译句子：He might have missed the train, but I’m not sure. 2.同义句转换：It is possible for the plan to be changed. → The plan ______ be changed. 【知识梳理 4】Philip bought two tickets for The Phantom of the Opera. He would watch this musical with his girlfriend on the weekend. (P54) 菲利普买了两张《歌剧魅影》的票。他打算周末和女朋友一起看这部音乐剧。 would do / was/were going to do 表示过去将来的意图或打算 【例句】 She said she would help me with my English after school. 她说放学后会帮我学英语。 We were going to have a picnic, but it rained heavily. 我们本打算去野餐，但下了大雨。 【知识拓展】 would do：表过去将来的意图，或过去习惯性的动作。 was/were going to do：表过去打算做某事（可能没做成），也可表示 “本打算做某事（但没做成）”。 【即学即练】 1.翻译句子：They were going to travel around Europe, but they had to give up because of the pandemic. 2.同义句转换：He intended to become a writer when he was a teenager. → He ______ become a writer when he was a teenager. 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空（或选用合适的情态动词填空） 1.You ________ (must / should) stay calm when you are in a foreign country without money. 2.He ________ (ought to / can) go to the nearest consulate to seek help if he gets into trouble. 3.This situation ________ (might / must) seem unusual, but it can sometimes happen to travellers. 4.You ________ (had better / would) avoid getting into trouble in a strange place. 5.Getting caught stealing ________ (can / may) ruin your life completely. 6.Philip bought two tickets and he ________ (would watch / was going to watch) The Phantom of the Opera with his girlfriend. 7.David ________ (was going to play / would play) the role of the dinosaur, but he fell ill suddenly. 8.She told me she ________ (settle / was going to settle) in New York to pursue her dream of acting. 9.He said he ________ (be) on duty at the library that afternoon. 10.You ________ (mustn’t / can’t) smoke in the hospital, as it’s against the rules. 二、根据汉语意思完成下列英语句子，每空一词（含短语） 1.你必须在紧急情况下保持冷静。 You ________ ________ calm in an emergency. 2.你应该去最近的领事馆寻求帮助。 You ________ ________ to the nearest consulate to seek help. 3.这种情况可能看起来不寻常，但有时会发生在旅行者身上。 This situation ________ ________ unusual, but it can sometimes happen to travelers. 4.你最好避免在国外惹麻烦。 You ________ ________ avoid getting into trouble in a foreign country. 5.他本打算和女朋友一起看这部音乐剧，但计划改变了。 He ________ ________ ________ the musical with his girlfriend, but the plan changed. 6.她说她会在下午到图书馆值班。 She said she ________ ________ on duty at the library that afternoon. 7.你禁止在图书馆大声喧哗。 You ________ ________ loudly in the library. 8.我们本打算去野餐，但因为下雨不得不取消。 We ________ ________ ________ have a picnic, but we had to cancel it because of the rain. 一、单项选择 1．—Ms. White, I borrow up to 3 books at a time? —Certainly, but you return them within two weeks, or you will be fined. A．could; must B．might; needn’t C．should; must D．can; needn’t 2．By 2023, reference books ________ for high school students ________ dramatically. A．intended; have increased B．being intended; have increased C．being intended; had increased D．intended; had increased 3．Mary have been so anxious about the deadline because she had plenty of time to complete the task. A．dare not B．mustn’t C．won’t D．needn’t 4．—Must I finish the report today? —No, you _________. You can hand it in tomorrow. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 5．He _________ be at home now because I saw him in the library just now. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．may not D．needn’t 6．Students _____ use mobile phones during examinations according to school regulations. A．wouldn’t B．might not C．shall not D．need not 7．By the time the rescue team finally reached the remote village, the villagers ________ without fresh water for three days. A．went B．have gone C．had gone D．go 8．Sometimes, ______ a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. A．although B．in case C．until D．because 9．Our air-conditioners sell well, but decades of years ago, no one ______ such a big share in the market that they were to have. A．could have imagined B．would imagine C．might imagine D．should have imagined 10．—I think I’ll give Bob a ring. — You________. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages. A．will B．may C．have to D．Should 二、阅读理解 （23-24高一下·广西·月考）It is common to see most live streamers (主播) sitting in front of a desk in a well-decorated room. But Zeng Qinghuan, a 30-year-old from Xinhua County in Loudi, Hunan, has turned her whole village into alive streaming set. Her goal is to use e-commerce to help her people live a better life. Known as “Xiangmei Xinbao” on Douyin, Zeng now has more than 3 million followers. One of her videos about traditional ways of planting and harvesting rice has attracted more than 300,000 followers. At the beginning, she didn’t make any money. Zeng’s parents didn’t agree with her decision until she could stand on her own feet and help people sell their products. She has now sold local agricultural products worth tens of millions of yuan, like fermented tofu, preserved pork and dried sweet potatoes. “I’m a daughter of the great mountains. I can also be a contributor to rural development in this new times,” she said. Zeng hopes her experience can encourage more young people to return to their rural hometowns and start their own businesses. In 2021, after she became a representative of the Loudi Municipal People’s Congress, she put forward a proposal to ensure that “each village has one product and one live streaming host of its own”, she plans to help develop 100 social media influencers from her county within three years, and two villages have taken part in the project. “I believe that the rural areas will become a big stage, and being a farmer will be seen as a respectable job too,” said Zeng. 1．Which aspect does Zeng’s video on Douyin attract people a lot? A．Fashion trends in her village. B．The frozen food in her hometown. C．Traditional customs of her village. D．The typical farming of her hometown. 2．Why did Zeng’s parents support her at last? A．Because Zeng had a well-decorated room. B．Because Zeng became well-known on website. C．Because Zeng had many followers and earned much money. D．Because Zeng could make a living by herself and serve the village. 3．Which of the following best describes Zeng? A．Responsible and lovely. B．Down-to-earth and ambitious. C．Caring and fashionable. D．Gifted and rich. 4．What is Zeng going to do according to the last paragraph? A．Invite more young people to her hometown. B．Expand her business to make more money. C．Train more social media influencers in her county. D．Produce more agricultural products to help the farmers. 二、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The two gentlemen had been having a heated argument for a couple of days，and had decided to make a bet which 5 settle their argument. They were 6 (find) someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside. They invited him into their house， 7 , Henry told them he had landed in Britain 8 accident. Although he had gone to the American consulate 9 (seek) help，he had not received any help. Henry hoped that the brothers 10 offer him some jobs because he had no money. Henry got upset with the brothers 11 they seemed too happy about his bad luck. They quickly told him not to feel that way and they gave him an envelope with money in it. They said the letter inside 12 explain what it was all about, but he had to postpone 13 (open) it until 2 o'clock. Henry felt that was odd. The story ended with Henry leaving their house and promising that he 14 not(not) open the letter until 2 o'clock. 三、思维提升 1.情境逻辑分析题（结合文本 + 情态动词深层运用） 题目要求: Henry Adams 刚抵达伦敦时身无分文，面临以下三个情境。请为每个情境选择最合适的情态动词（must/should/may/might/ought to），并简要说明选择理由（每空理由不超过 15 词），体会情态动词如何传递不同的语气和逻辑。 ①Henry has no money or friends in London. He ______ go to the American consulate first, because it’s the most reliable place for help. 理由：____________________________________ ②The consulate can’t offer direct help. Henry ______ try to find a temporary job, but he needs to be careful of scams. 理由：____________________________________ ③A stranger offers Henry a large sum of money for no reason. Henry ______ not accept it immediately—it may be a trap. 理由：____________________________________ 2.结构对比与生活思辨题（过去将来结构 + 意图表达差异） 改写句子：将下列句子分别用 would do 和 was/were going to do 改写，对比两种结构的表达差异（每句改写后需补充 1 句差异分析）。 原句：Henry planned to earn an honest income instead of accepting charity. ① 用 would do 改写：_________________________________________________________________________ ② 用 was/were going to do 改写：_______________________________________________________________ 差异分析：__________________________________________________________（不超过 20 词） 生活拓展：结合自身经历，用两种结构分别描述一次“过去的计划”（如旅行、学习安排），并说明你选择该结构的原因（每句不超过25词）。 ① 用 would do 描述：_________________________________________________________________________ ② 用 was/were going to do 描述：______________________________________________________________ $人教版必修第三册Unit 5 The Value of Money Discovering Useful Structures（导学案） 1.掌握本课时 Discovering Useful Structures 部分的重点情态动词、功能及相关结构； √情态动词：may, must, can, ought to, might, had better, would, should √功能：表达必要性（necessity）、可能性（possibility）、义务（obligation）、请求（request）、建议（advice）、意图（intention） √结构：would do /was/were going to do（表示过去将来的意图或打算） 2.能识别不同语境中情态动词的具体功能，并在语篇中正确选用合适的情态动词完成填空练习。 3.掌握 would do 和 was/were going to do 的用法，能准确描述过去将来的意图或打算，完成相关句式表达。 4.能运用所学情态动词和结构，围绕《百万英镑》的故事情节进行口语表达和观点讨论，提升语言运用的准确性和逻辑性。 1、 基础词汇记忆 1. 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.____________ /stʌk/adj. 卡住的；被困住的 2.____________ /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/adj. 不寻常的 3.____________ /kənˈfjuːzd/adj. 困惑的 4.____________ /ˈkɒnsjələt/n. 领事馆 5.____________ /əˈvɔɪd/v. 避免 6.____________ /ˈruːɪn/v. 毁坏；破坏 7.____________ /ˈsetl/v. 定居；解决 8.____________ /ˈdjuːti/n. 责任；义务 【答案】 1. stuck 2. unusual 3. confused 4. consulate 5. avoid 6. ruin 7. settle 8. duty 二、温故知新 1. 1.将下列情态动词与对应的功能（A-F）进行匹配。 A. necessity（必要性） B. possibility（可能性） C. obligation（义务） D. request（请求） E. advice（建议） F. intention（意图） 1. 2. must → ______ 3. should → ______ 4. can → ______ 5. ought to → ______ 6. might → ______ 7. had better → ______ 8. would → ______ 9. may → ______ 【答案】 1. A 2. E 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. E 7. F 8. B 2. 从方框中选择合适的情态动词填空（可重复使用）： may, must, can, ought to, might, had better, would, should 1. In the film, Henry is stuck in a foreign country. This situation ______ seem unusual, but it can happen to travelers. 2. First, you ______ stay calm. Fear can make you become confused. 3. You ______ go to your nearest consulate. They ______ be able to help to some extent. 4. You ______ avoid getting into trouble. You ______ think that stealing some money would help you, but you should not do that. 5. Getting caught ______ ruin your life. 【答案】 might/may 2. must/should 3. ought to/should; may/might 4. had better; might/could 5. could/might 【知识梳理 1】First, and most importantly, you must stay calm. (P53) 首先，也是最重要的，你必须保持冷静。 must /mʌst/ modal v. 必须；一定；肯定 【例句】 You must finish your homework before you go out to play. 你必须在出去玩之前完成作业。 The light is on, so he must be at home. 灯亮着，所以他一定在家。 【知识拓展】 must 表必要性：强调主观上的 “必须”，语气强烈。 mustn’t /ˈmʌsnt/ 表 “禁止；不准”，语气严厉。 must 表推测：用于肯定句，意为 “一定；肯定”，否定推测用 can’t。 【即学即练】 1.翻译句子：You mustn’t smoke in the hospital. 2.同义句转换：It is necessary for us to protect the environment. → We ______ protect the environment. 【答案】 1.你禁止在医院吸烟。 2.must 【知识梳理 2】Second, you should go to your nearest consulate. (P53) 其次，你应该去最近的领事馆。 should /ʃʊd/ /ʃəd/; ought to /ˈɔːt tə/ modal v. 应该；应当 【例句】 You should apologize to your friend for your rude words. 你应该为你的粗鲁话语向朋友道歉。 We ought to respect the old and love the young. 我们应该尊老爱幼。 【知识拓展】 should/ought to 表建议：语气比 must 缓和，意为 “应该；应当”，ought to 语气稍强。 should/ought to have done：表示 “本应该做某事（但实际上没做）”，含有责备或遗憾的语气。 【即学即练】 1.翻译句子：You ought to have finished the report yesterday. 2.同义句转换：It’s better for you to take a map with you. → You ______ take a map with you. 【答案】 1.你本应该昨天就完成这份报告的。 2.should / ought to 【知识梳理 3】This situation might seem unusual, but it can sometimes happen to travellers. (P53) 这种情况可能看起来不寻常，但有时也会发生在旅行者身上。 may /meɪ/; might /maɪt/; can /kæn/ /kən/ modal v. 可能；也许；可以 【例句】 It may rain this afternoon, so you’d better take an umbrella. 今天下午可能会下雨，所以你最好带把伞。 Accidents can happen even to the most careful drivers. 即使是最小心的司机也可能发生事故。 【知识拓展】 may/might 表可能性：might 语气比 may 更弱，表 “或许；可能”；may/might have done 表 “过去可能做过某事”。 can 表客观可能性：意为 “有时会；可能”，用于描述普遍情况；can’t/couldn’t have done 表 “过去不可能做过某事”。 【即学即练】 1.翻译句子：He might have missed the train, but I’m not sure. 2.同义句转换：It is possible for the plan to be changed. → The plan ______ be changed. 【答案】 1.他可能错过了火车，但我不确定。 2.may / might / could 【知识梳理 4】Philip bought two tickets for The Phantom of the Opera. He would watch this musical with his girlfriend on the weekend. (P53) 菲利普买了两张《歌剧魅影》的票。他打算周末和女朋友一起看这部音乐剧。 would do / was/were going to do 表示过去将来的意图或打算 【例句】 She said she would help me with my English after school. 她说放学后会帮我学英语。 We were going to have a picnic, but it rained heavily. 我们本打算去野餐，但下了大雨。 【知识拓展】 would do：表过去将来的意图，或过去习惯性的动作。 was/were going to do：表过去打算做某事（可能没做成），也可表示 “本打算做某事（但没做成）”。 【即学即练】 1.翻译句子：They were going to travel around Europe, but they had to give up because of the pandemic. 2.同义句转换：He intended to become a writer when he was a teenager. → He ______ become a writer when he was a teenager. 【答案】 1.他们本打算环游欧洲，但因为疫情不得不放弃。 2.would / was going to 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空（或选用合适的情态动词填空） 1.You ________ (must / should) stay calm when you are in a foreign country without money. 2.He ________ (ought to / can) go to the nearest consulate to seek help if he gets into trouble. 3.This situation ________ (might / must) seem unusual, but it can sometimes happen to travellers. 4.You ________ (had better / would) avoid getting into trouble in a strange place. 5.Getting caught stealing ________ (can / may) ruin your life completely. 6.Philip bought two tickets and he ________ (would watch / was going to watch) The Phantom of the Opera with his girlfriend. 7.David ________ (was going to play / would play) the role of the dinosaur, but he fell ill suddenly. 8.She told me she ________ (settle / was going to settle) in New York to pursue her dream of acting. 9.He said he ________ (be) on duty at the library that afternoon. 10.You ________ (mustn’t / can’t) smoke in the hospital, as it’s against the rules. 【答案】 1. must / should 2. ought to / should 3. might / may 4. had better 5. can / could 6. would watch / was going to watch 7. was going to play / would play 8. was going to settle 9. would be 10. mustn’t 二、根据汉语意思完成下列英语句子，每空一词（含短语） 1.你必须在紧急情况下保持冷静。 You ________ ________ calm in an emergency. 2.你应该去最近的领事馆寻求帮助。 You ________ ________ to the nearest consulate to seek help. 3.这种情况可能看起来不寻常，但有时会发生在旅行者身上。 This situation ________ ________ unusual, but it can sometimes happen to travelers. 4.你最好避免在国外惹麻烦。 You ________ ________ avoid getting into trouble in a foreign country. 5.他本打算和女朋友一起看这部音乐剧，但计划改变了。 He ________ ________ ________ the musical with his girlfriend, but the plan changed. 6.她说她会在下午到图书馆值班。 She said she ________ ________ on duty at the library that afternoon. 7.你禁止在图书馆大声喧哗。 You ________ ________ loudly in the library. 8.我们本打算去野餐，但因为下雨不得不取消。 We ________ ________ ________ have a picnic, but we had to cancel it because of the rain. 【答案】 must stay / should stay 2. should go / ought to go 3. might seem / may seem 4. had better 5. was going to watch / would watch 6. would be 7. mustn’t speak / can’t speak 8. were going to / would 一、单项选择 1．—Ms. White, I borrow up to 3 books at a time? —Certainly, but you return them within two weeks, or you will be fined. A．could; must B．might; needn’t C．should; must D．can; needn’t 2．By 2023, reference books ________ for high school students ________ dramatically. A．intended; have increased B．being intended; have increased C．being intended; had increased D．intended; had increased 3．Mary have been so anxious about the deadline because she had plenty of time to complete the task. A．dare not B．mustn’t C．won’t D．needn’t 4．—Must I finish the report today? —No, you _________. You can hand it in tomorrow. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 5．He _________ be at home now because I saw him in the library just now. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．may not D．needn’t 6．Students _____ use mobile phones during examinations according to school regulations. A．wouldn’t B．might not C．shall not D．need not 7．By the time the rescue team finally reached the remote village, the villagers ________ without fresh water for three days. A．went B．have gone C．had gone D．go 8．Sometimes, ______ a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. A．although B．in case C．until D．because 9．Our air-conditioners sell well, but decades of years ago, no one ______ such a big share in the market that they were to have. A．could have imagined B．would imagine C．might imagine D．should have imagined 10．—I think I’ll give Bob a ring. — You________. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages. A．will B．may C．have to D．Should 【答案】 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 A D D C B C C D A D 1．A 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：——怀特女士，我一次最多能借三本书吗？——当然可以，但是你必须在两周内归还，否则会被罚款。根据句意，第一空用could表示委婉的请求，第二空用must表示“必须、务必”。故选A。 2．D 【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。句意：到2023年，为高中生设计的参考书数量已经急剧增加。第一空作后置定语修饰名词reference books，intend和reference books为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式intended作后置定语；第二空，根据时间状语By 2023可知，主句需用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”发生的动作。故选D。 3．D 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：玛丽本不必对截止日期如此焦虑，因为她有充足的时间完成任务。A. dare not不敢；B. mustn’t禁止；C. won’t不会；D. needn’t不必。根据“because she had plenty of time to complete the task”（因为她有充足的时间完成任务）的语境可知，此处表达“本不必”焦虑，needn’t have done表示“本不必做某事却做了”，符合句意，故选D项。 4．C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——我必须今天完成这份报告吗？——不，你不必。你可以明天交。以Must I...?开头的问句，否定回答要用needn’t，表示“不必”。故选C。 5．B 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：他现在不可能在家，因为我刚才在图书馆看到他了。A. mustn’t禁止；不准；B. can’t不可能（表示有把握的否定推测）；C. may not可能不（表示不太确定的否定推测）；D. needn’t不必。根据“我刚才在图书馆看到他”这一确凿证据，可对“现在他在家”这一情况做出有把握的否定推测，因此用can’t。故选B。 6．C 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：根据学校规定，学生在考试期间不得使用手机。wouldn’t：不会（过去将来 / 意愿）；might not：可能不；need not：不必；shall not（= shall not）：用于规章、法律、规定中，表示禁止、不准，语气正式、强硬，最符合 “校规、考试规定” 的语境。故选C。 7．C 【详解】考查时态。句意：当救援队最终到达偏远的村庄时，村民们已经三天没有淡水了。go without“没有，缺乏”。本空在句中作谓语，“By the time the rescue team finally reached the remote village”表明“村民们没有淡水”这个动作发生在“救援队到达”这个过去的动作之前，即过去的过去，应该用过去完成时，其结构是“had+过去分词”，go的过去分词是gone。故选C。 8．D 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：有时候，因为乔迁派对是在一个人搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮忙打开箱子。A. although虽然；B. in case以防万一；C. until直到；D. because因为。根据“people may be asked to help unpack boxes.”可知，设空处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”，应用because。故选D。 9．A 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：我们的空调卖得很好，但是几十年前，没有人能想象到他们将拥有这么大的市场份额。A. could have imagined本来能够想象(表示对过去的一种推测)；B. would imagine过去常常想象(表示过去习惯性的动作)；C. might imagine可能想象(表示对现在或未来的一种可能性推测)；D. should have imagined本来应该想象(表示对过去的一种责任或义务的推测)。imagine(想象)作谓语，根据句意可知，句子描述的是几十年前人们对于市场份额的想象，这是一个对过去情况的推测，且强调的是“本来能够想象到但实际上没有想象到”的情况，所以应该用“could have imagined”。故选A项。 10．D 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——我想我会给鲍勃打个电话。——你应该打。你已经有好多年没和他联系了。A. will将要，会；B. may可能，可以；C. have to不得不（表客观要求）；D. should应该（表建议、劝说）。根据“You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.”可知，此处是劝说对方应该给鲍勃打电话，should符合语境，体现出建议的语气。故选 D。 二、阅读理解 （23-24高一下·广西·月考）It is common to see most live streamers (主播) sitting in front of a desk in a well-decorated room. But Zeng Qinghuan, a 30-year-old from Xinhua County in Loudi, Hunan, has turned her whole village into alive streaming set. Her goal is to use e-commerce to help her people live a better life. Known as “Xiangmei Xinbao” on Douyin, Zeng now has more than 3 million followers. One of her videos about traditional ways of planting and harvesting rice has attracted more than 300,000 followers. At the beginning, she didn’t make any money. Zeng’s parents didn’t agree with her decision until she could stand on her own feet and help people sell their products. She has now sold local agricultural products worth tens of millions of yuan, like fermented tofu, preserved pork and dried sweet potatoes. “I’m a daughter of the great mountains. I can also be a contributor to rural development in this new times,” she said. Zeng hopes her experience can encourage more young people to return to their rural hometowns and start their own businesses. In 2021, after she became a representative of the Loudi Municipal People’s Congress, she put forward a proposal to ensure that “each village has one product and one live streaming host of its own”, she plans to help develop 100 social media influencers from her county within three years, and two villages have taken part in the project. “I believe that the rural areas will become a big stage, and being a farmer will be seen as a respectable job too,” said Zeng. 1．Which aspect does Zeng’s video on Douyin attract people a lot? A．Fashion trends in her village. B．The frozen food in her hometown. C．Traditional customs of her village. D．The typical farming of her hometown. 2．Why did Zeng’s parents support her at last? A．Because Zeng had a well-decorated room. B．Because Zeng became well-known on website. C．Because Zeng had many followers and earned much money. D．Because Zeng could make a living by herself and serve the village. 3．Which of the following best describes Zeng? A．Responsible and lovely. B．Down-to-earth and ambitious. C．Caring and fashionable. D．Gifted and rich. 4．What is Zeng going to do according to the last paragraph? A．Invite more young people to her hometown. B．Expand her business to make more money. C．Train more social media influencers in her county. D．Produce more agricultural products to help the farmers. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了来自湖南娄底新化县的曾庆欢利用直播带领当地人民过上幸福生活的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“One of her videos about traditional ways of planting and harvesting rice has attracted more than 300,000 followers.”（她的一个关于传统方式种植和收获水稻的视频吸引了30多万粉丝。）可知，她家乡典型的农业吸引了很多的粉丝。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Zeng’s parents didn’t agree with her decision until she could stand on her own feet and help people sell their products.”(直到她能够自力更生，帮助人们卖产品，她的父母才给予她支持。)可知，Zeng的父母最后会支持她是因为她可以自己养活自己，为村子服务。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段中“But Zeng Qinghuan, a 30-year-old from Xinhua County in Loudi, Hunan, has turned her whole village into alive streaming set. Her goal is to use e-commerce to help her people live a better life.”(但来自湖南娄底新化县30岁的曾庆欢(音译)却把整个村子变成了直播现场。她的目标是利用电子商务帮助她的人民过上更好的生活。)、第三段中“Zeng’s parents didn’t give her any support until she could stand on her own feet and help people sell their products.”(曾的父母一直没有给她任何支持，直到她能够自立，帮助人们销售他们的产品。)、第四段“I’m a daughter of the great mountains. I can also be a contributor to rural development in this new times,”she said.”(我是大山的女儿。在这个新时代，我也可以为农村发展做出贡献。)以及最后一段中“I believe that the rural areas will become a big stage, and being a farmer will be seen as a respectable job too,” said Zeng.”(曾说：“我相信农村将成为一个大舞台，农民也将被视为一份体面的工作。”)可推知，脚踏实地，雄心勃勃最能描述曾庆欢的品质特征。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In 2021, after she became a deputy (代表) of the Loudi Municipal People’s Congress, she put forward a proposal to ensure that “each village has one product and one live streaming host of its own”, She plans to help cultivate 100 social media influencers from her county within three years, and two villages have taken part in the project.”(2021年，在她成为娄底市人大代表后，她提出了“每个村有一个产品，一个直播主持人”的建议，并计划在三年内帮助培养100名本县的社交媒体网红，目前已有两个村参与了该项目。)可知，曾庆欢打算在她的县培养更多的社交媒体影响者。故选C项。 二、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The two gentlemen had been having a heated argument for a couple of days，and had decided to make a bet which 5 settle their argument. They were 6 (find) someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside. They invited him into their house， 7 , Henry told them he had landed in Britain 8 accident. Although he had gone to the American consulate 9 (seek) help，he had not received any help. Henry hoped that the brothers 10 offer him some jobs because he had no money. Henry got upset with the brothers 11 they seemed too happy about his bad luck. They quickly told him not to feel that way and they gave him an envelope with money in it. They said the letter inside 12 explain what it was all about, but he had to postpone 13 (open) it until 2 o'clock. Henry felt that was odd. The story ended with Henry leaving their house and promising that he 14 not(not) open the letter until 2 o'clock. 【答案】 5．would 6．going to find 7．where 8．by 9．to seek 10．would 11．when 12．would 13．opening 14．would not 【分析】这是一篇叙述文。文章主要讲述了兄弟在一件事情上争执很久，他们请来了Henry参与打赌，决定谁是最终胜利者。 5．考查时态。句意：他们打了一个能解决他们争端的赌。settle为动词原形，结合句意和had decided 可知，表示相对于过去某一时刻，将来要发生的事情，用过去将来时，故填would。 6．考查时态。句意：他们正打算找人参加他们的打赌时，突然看见亨利走在外面的街上。结合句意可知，他们打算去找人参与赌注，表示计划将要做的事情，且空前为were, 该句为过去将来时，故填was going to find。 7．考查定语从句。句意：他们邀请亨利到他们家做客，在他们家亨利告诉他们他是偶然在英国登陆的。该句先行词为house，表示地点，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。 8．考查固定短语。by accident译为“偶然，碰巧”，且符合题意，故填by。 9．考查动词不定式。句意:尽管他去了美国领事馆寻求帮助，但他没有得到任何帮助。可知，应用to do 不定时表目的，故填 to seek。 10．考查时态。句意：亨利希望兄弟俩能给他一些工作，因为他没有钱。句中hoped“希望”可知，动作offer还没有开始，表示过去将来要发生的动作，用过去将来时，故填would。 11．考查状语从句。句意：当他们似乎对他的遭遇感到开心的时，Henry对这两个兄弟感到失望。结合句意可知，“当……时”译为when，引导的时间状语从句，故填when。 12．考查时态。由“他们说里面的信将会解释它的全部内容...”可知，“解释”这一动作发生在“说”之后，表示过去将来的动作，用过去将来时，故填would。 13．考查固定短语。postpone doing sth为固定搭配, 意为推迟做某事，故填opening。 14．考查时态。由句意“Herry表示2点之后才会打开信封”可知，信封还未open，发生在过去的动作ended之后，表示过去将来的动作用过去将来时，故填would。 三、思维提升 1.情境逻辑分析题（结合文本 + 情态动词深层运用） 题目要求: Henry Adams 刚抵达伦敦时身无分文，面临以下三个情境。请为每个情境选择最合适的情态动词（must/should/may/might/ought to），并简要说明选择理由（每空理由不超过 15 词），体会情态动词如何传递不同的语气和逻辑。 ①Henry has no money or friends in London. He ______ go to the American consulate first, because it’s the most reliable place for help. 理由：____________________________________ ②The consulate can’t offer direct help. Henry ______ try to find a temporary job, but he needs to be careful of scams. 理由：____________________________________ ③A stranger offers Henry a large sum of money for no reason. Henry ______ not accept it immediately—it may be a trap. 理由：____________________________________ 【答案】 ①should/ought to；理由：表合理建议，符合困境下的最优选择 ②may/might；理由：表不确定的可能性，并非必须的选择 ③must；理由：表强烈的必要性，强调安全风险的警示 2.结构对比与生活思辨题（过去将来结构 + 意图表达差异） 改写句子：将下列句子分别用 would do 和 was/were going to do 改写，对比两种结构的表达差异（每句改写后需补充 1 句差异分析）。 原句：Henry planned to earn an honest income instead of accepting charity. ① 用 would do 改写：_________________________________________________________________________ ② 用 was/were going to do 改写：_______________________________________________________________ 差异分析：__________________________________________________________（不超过 20 词） 生活拓展：结合自身经历，用两种结构分别描述一次“过去的计划”（如旅行、学习安排），并说明你选择该结构的原因（每句不超过25词）。 ① 用 would do 描述：_________________________________________________________________________ ② 用 was/were going to do 描述：______________________________________________________________ 【答案】 ① Henry would earn an honest income instead of accepting charity. ② Henry was going to earn an honest income instead of accepting charity. 差异分析：would 侧重过去的意图，was going to 更强调计划的明确性 ① I would learn to play the guitar during the holiday — 表过去的意愿倾向 ② I was going to visit my grandma, but I caught a cold — 表未实现的计划 $