专题19 阅读表达 （翻译）：语意摆渡人，传递神形兼备（复习讲义）（湖南专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题19 阅读表达 （翻译） 目录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 4 03·题型通关·靶向突破 4 考点一 题型破解 4 一、题型特点 5 考点二 解题要点 7 一、英译中类型 7 二、中译英类型 10 04·优题精选·练能提分 12 题型 考查形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 知识运用之阅读表达（翻译） □选择题 ☑非选择题 湖南省卷：60 长沙卷：无 湖南省卷：60 长沙卷：无 长沙卷；岳阳卷；永州卷；怀化卷；常德卷均考察双向翻译 考 情 分 析 1. 题型定位与考查功能 在湖南中考省卷“阅读表达”题型中，翻译题（英译中）作为综合性考查形式，承担着“语言理解”与“文化传递”的双重功能。该类试题主要考查学生： · 深层理解能力：能否在理解全文语境的基础上，准确把握特定句子的含义，而非逐词死译。 · 文化意象转换能力：能否将英语中的文化负载词、习语、谚语等转化为符合中文表达习惯的表述。 · 语言组织能力：能否用通顺、准确、典雅的中文表达原文意思，体现中文素养。 2. 考查频率与命题特点 根据对2023—2025年湖南省中考真题的分析，翻译题在“阅读表达”中呈现以下命题规律： （1）固定出现，分值稳定 从2024年和2025年湖南卷来看，翻译题为必考题型，通常设置在阅读表达的最后一题，分值为2分。2024年湖南卷翻译句为“Where there is a will, there is a way.”，2025年湖南卷翻译句为“It‘s better to travel ten thousand miles than to read ten thousand books.”。 （2）选句特征鲜明——翻译题的选句具有三个鲜明特征： · 哲理名言型：所选句子多为蕴含人生智慧的格言、谚语。如2025年的“读万卷书不如行万里路”，2024年的“有志者事竟成”。这类句子既是文本的点睛之笔，又承载着普世价值。 · 主旨总结型：句子往往是全文的主旨句或核心观点的凝练。如2025年Jeff故事中，刘老师引用的这句古语，正是推动主人公来华游学的关键，也是全文主题的升华。 · 文化负载型：句子包含中国文化或西方文化特有的表达，需要学生具备跨文化理解能力。如“read ten thousand books”和“travel ten thousand miles”对应中文的“读万卷书，行万里路”，考查学生对文化意象的对应转换能力。 （3）与文本高度融合 翻译句不是孤立出现的，而是深度嵌入文本语境。学生必须理解前文后理，才能准确翻译。例如2025年的画线句，前文是刘老师建议Jeff参加中国游学，后文是Jeff最终成行，翻译时必须理解这句话在此处的“劝学”功能。 3. 核心素养与课标对接 翻译题的考查，全面呼应《义务教育英语课程标准》中“语言能力”“文化意识”和“思维品质”的要求： · 语言能力：考查学生对英语句子结构、词汇含义的准确理解，以及中文表达能力。 · 文化意识：通过翻译承载文化内涵的句子，培养学生对中外文化的理解和对比能力。 · 思维品质：翻译过程本身就是思维转换的过程，需要学生进行逻辑推理和语言重组。 命 题 预 测 及 备 考 建 议 1. 2026年命题趋势预测 根据湖南省教育考试院发布的《湖南省初中学业水平考试试卷结构（2025年修订）》，从2026年开始，英语科目综合技能部分包括简答和翻译共五题，每题两分，共十分。这一官方文件明确了翻译题的稳定地位。基于此，对2026年命题趋势做出以下预测。 在题型结构方面，翻译题将继续作为综合技能部分的固定题型，与简答题并列，每套试卷一题，分值两分。 在文本选材方面，将呈现三种倾向。一是文化传承类，继续选用体现中华优秀传统文化的故事，如2024年的湘绣传承、2023年的曾子杀彘等，翻译句可能与传统美德相关。二是人生启迪类，选用人物励志故事，翻译句多为人物感悟或引用的名言，如2025年的Jeff故事。三是跨文化交际类，涉及中外文化交流的文本，翻译句可能包含需要文化转换的表达。 在句子难度方面，所选句子结构不会过于复杂，但会包含需要意译的表达或文化负载词，考查学生的灵活处理能力，而非机械对应。 在评分标准方面，根据新课标素养立意导向，翻译题的评分将不仅关注准确，更关注通顺和典雅，鼓励学生用符合中文审美习惯的表达。 2. 精准备考建议 针对三类重点句型进行分类训练。第一类是名言谚语类，其特征是结构凝练、蕴含哲理，训练重点是积累中英文对应表达并理解文化背景，例如Where there is a will, there is a way对应有志者事竟成。第二类是文化负载类，其特征是包含特有文化意象，训练重点是理解意象内涵并寻找中文对应表达，例如read ten thousand books对应读万卷书。第三类是主旨升华类，其特征是位于文末、点明主题，训练重点是结合全文理解并把握作者意图，例如Learning is a lifelong pursuit对应学无止境。 指导学生掌握三步翻译法。第一步是通读上下文把握语境，不要孤立看画线句，先读前后文理解这句话在文中起什么作用，是劝学、总结还是感悟。第二步是拆解句子理解结构，找出主干识别修饰成分，明确各部分的逻辑关系。第三步是意译为主力求通达，在准确理解的基础上用符合中文表达习惯的语言重新组织，善用四字词语追求简洁典雅。 引导学生建立翻译常用四字词语积累库。励志类包括坚持不懈、持之以恒、志存高远、天道酬勤。学习类包括学无止境、勤学苦练、温故知新、学以致用。实践类包括知行合一、身体力行、亲身体验、躬行实践。哲理类包括事在人为、功不唐捐、水滴石穿、玉汝于成。 强化中英文表达差异对比训练。英语多被动而中文多主动，例如it is said that应译为据说。英语多长句而中文多短句，需要将英语复合句拆分为中文流水句。英语多抽象而中文多具体，例如his arrival应译为他来了。 开展真题精练与仿写训练。精选近三年湖南省及各地市中考翻译真题进行分类精练，每练一题要求学生写出自己的翻译，对照参考答案分析差异，总结该句的翻译难点和应对策略，并仿写类似句型。 结合新课标文化意识培养要求，在复习过程中有意识地融入中华优秀传统文化元素，如传统节日、经典故事、名人名言等，让学生熟悉相关英文表达，提升文化转换能力，这与新课标强调的文化自信高度契合。 考点一 题型破解 一、题型本质定位 在阅读表达题型中，对翻译能力的考查，本质上是对学生“跨文化理解能力”与“双语转换构建能力”的综合检验。学生需要扮演“文化摆渡人”的角色，不仅要读懂源语言文本的字面意思，更要能理解其背后的文化内涵、语境逻辑和作者意图，然后用目标语言进行准确、通顺、得体的表达。 翻译题的解题，不是孤立的词汇对应练习，而是对完整语篇意义的跨语言重构。 二、读者角色设定 学生需要化身为 “意义传递者” ，在源语言与目标语言之间搭建双向的意义桥梁： · 英译中时：顺着英语句子的表层结构，潜入其深层含义，再浮出水面，用符合中文思维和表达习惯的语言重新呈现。 · 中译英时：理解中文句子的真实意图和文化负载，选择恰当的英文句式和词汇，确保语法正确、搭配地道、文化对等。 三、核心思维过程：双向驱动的意义重构 解题是一个“由表及里”和“由此及彼”双向驱动的意义转换过程，其核心在于 “源语理解”与“译语表达”之间的精准对等。 1. 英译中：理解驱动的表达重构 · 破译语境：翻译句不是孤立的，必须回归原文语境，理解这句话在文中的作用——是观点陈述、情感抒发、还是哲理总结。 · 解析结构：拆解英语句子，找出主干，理清修饰关系，识别隐含的逻辑连接（因果、转折、条件等）。 · 转换文化：识别英语中的习语、谚语、文化负载词，寻找中文中功能对等的表达，而非字面对应。 · 重组语言：按照中文表达习惯（短句、主动态、意合连接）重新组织语言，追求“信、达、雅”的统一。 2. 中译英：意义驱动的形式构建 · 把握核心：理解中文句子的真实含义，去除冗余，抓住主干信息。 · 确定结构：选择恰当的英文句型（简单句、复合句、被动语态等），确保语法框架正确。 · 选择词汇：根据语境选择准确的词汇，注意搭配习惯和词性转换。 · 检查规范：核对时态、人称、数、语态，避免中式英语。 四、答案特征：语篇意义链上的“等效传递” 无论是英译中还是中译英，译文都具有两个共同特征： 1. 意义等效性 译文不是任意一个语法正确的句子，而是在特定语篇上下文中，与源语句子意义最接近、功能最匹配的表达。它必须： · 准确传达源语句的核心信息（无增删、无曲解） · 保留源语句的语气、情感和风格（如正式、亲切、幽默） · 在语境中起到与源语句相同的交际功能 2. 表达规范性 译文必须符合目标语言的习惯表达： · 英译中：符合中文的语序、搭配、修辞习惯，避免欧化句式；善用四字词语，追求简洁典雅。 · 中译英：符合英文的语法规则、搭配习惯和句式特点，避免中式英语；注意时态、主谓一致、冠词使用等细节。 五、破题关键：三类信息的精准把握 无论面对哪种方向的翻译，解题的核心在于对以下三类信息的准确把握： 1. 语言信息 · 词汇层面：识别一词多义、熟词生义、固定搭配、习语谚语。 · 句子层面：分析句子结构，找出主干，理清修饰关系和逻辑连接。 · 语篇层面：理解句子在上下文中的位置和作用。 2. 文化信息 · 识别文化负载词：如“Confucius”“dragon”“凤凰”等，理解其文化内涵。 · 处理文化缺省：对于目标语言读者可能不了解的文化背景，需适当补充或转换。 · 寻找功能对等：用目标语言中文化内涵相似的表达替代，如“as poor as a church mouse”译为一贫如洗。 3. 语境信息 · 前文后理：翻译句前后说了什么，决定了某些词的取义和句子的语气。 · 文体风格：是记叙、说明还是议论？决定了译文的语体色彩。 · 作者意图：这句话是事实陈述、观点表达还是情感抒发？决定了译文的语气强弱。 考点二 解题要点 英译中类型 一、解题核心 作为跨文化理解与表达的核心手段，英译中的解题核心在于精准理解英语句子在特定语境中的真实含义，并用符合中文表达习惯的语言进行准确传递。答案的本质是对源语句子“意义”的完整再现，而非对源语句子“形式”的机械对应。学生需要突破英语表层结构的束缚，捕捉深层含义，最终用流畅地道的中文实现“意义等效传递”。 二、解题步骤 第一步：析语境，定功能 读前后文，明确句子作用——是观点陈述、事实叙述、主旨升华还是名言引用？确定语气（肯定、感叹、建议、反问）。 第二步：拆结构，理逻辑 找主干（主谓宾），标修饰（定语、状语），理清逻辑关系（因果、转折、条件）。长句拆分为意群，分别理解。 第三步：定词义，破文化 结合语境确定词义，警惕一词多义、熟词生义。识别习语谚语、文化负载词，调用储备找对应，避免逐字直译。 第四步：组译文，合习惯 按中文习惯重组：长句变短句、被动变主动、形合变意合。语序调整（定语前置、时间地点在前）。善用四字词，求简雅。 第五步：验全句，保通达 回译检查是否准确，朗读检查是否通顺。三度把关：准确（无增删）、通顺（合习惯）、得体（语气匹配）。 三、解题句式储备 一、名言谚语类 1. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。 2. It's never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。 3. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 4. Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。/行动胜于言语。 5. No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。 6. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 7. Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 8. Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是一天建成的。 9. Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。 10. Constant dripping wears away a stone. 滴水穿石。 二、文化负载类 11. Carry coals to Newcastle. 多此一举。 12. Call one names. 辱骂某人。 13. Have cold feet. 害怕；胆怯。 14. Chicken feed. 小钱；微不足道的钱。 15. Cakes and ale. 人生乐事。 16. Cap in hand. 毕恭毕敬。 17. Cock of the walk. 称王称霸；自命不凡的老大。 18. Kill two birds with one stone. 一石二鸟；一举两得。 19. Love me, love my dog. 爱屋及乌。 20. Every dog has its day. 凡人皆有得意日。 三、长难句类 21. After she found the old photo which reminded her of her childhood, Mary realized why her mother always kept the box that looked ordinary. 在她找到那张让她想起童年的旧照片后，玛丽意识到为什么她妈妈总是保留那个看起来很普通的盒子。 22. The scientists who discovered the new species explained that its unique features could help solve environmental problems they had studied for years. 发现新物种的科学家解释说，其独特特征有助于解决他们研究多年的环境问题。 23. Protecting cultural heritage helps preserve historical memories, promotes cultural diversity, and connects past generations with the present. 保护文化遗产有助于留存历史记忆，促进文化多样性，并将过去的世代与当下联系起来。 24. Reading widely not only expands our knowledge but also enhances our imagination and cultivates a lifelong love for learning. 广泛阅读不仅能扩大我们的知识储备，还能增强我们的想象力，并培养对学习的终身热爱。 25. Artificial intelligence assists students in organizing study plans, analyzes learning progress, and provides personalized guidance to improve academic performance. 人工智能帮助学生制定学习计划，分析学习进度，并提供个性化指导，以提高学业成绩。 四、隐含逻辑类 26. Although he was tired, he still managed to finish the race. 尽管他感到累，但仍然努力完成了比赛。 27. No matter how hard it rained, she insisted on going out. 无论雨下得多大，她都坚持要出去。 28. Even if you don't agree with me, at least try to understand my point of view. 即使你不同意我的观点，至少试着理解我的观点。 29. When going near the cliff, he had cold feet. 当走近悬崖的时候，他害怕了。 30. A man becomes learned by asking questions. 不耻下问才能有学问。 【典例1-1】 These could be important for protecting old buildings. Although the biocrust may not look nice, its natural ability to keep things could be a very useful tool for experts looking for ways to protect important ancient buildings. 5. 将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】 5．这些对于保护古建筑来说可能会很重要。 【解析】These“这些”；could“可能”；be important for“对……重要”；protecting old buildings“保护古建筑”。故填：这些对于保护古建筑来说可能会很重要。 【迁移运用1-1】 During the Song Dynasty, Kung fu became more and more popular among common people. Many organizations were set up and more weapons (武器) were used. Poor people performed Kung fu in the street to make a living. Usually their performance was carried out by a single person or two persons as a pair. 5. 将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 中译英类型 一、解题核心 作为汉语思维向英语表达转换的核心手段，中译英的解题核心在于准确理解中文句子的真实含义，并用语法正确、搭配地道的英文进行规范表达。答案的本质是对中文句子“意义”的完整再现，而非字面对应的机械翻译。学生需要突破中文思维定式，按照英文的语法规则和表达习惯重构句子。 二、解题步骤 第一步：审中文，明核心 仔细阅读中文句子，抓住主干信息，明确主语、谓语、宾语是什么。识别句子中的隐含逻辑关系和时间信息，判断是陈述事实、表达观点还是发出指令。 第二步：定主干，选时态 确定英文句子的基本结构（主谓宾或主系表），选择正确的时态。根据中文提示（了、过、将、正在等）或上下文语境，判断用一般现在时、一般过去时还是现在完成时等。 第三步：译词汇，调语序 将中文关键词汇译为准确的英文词语，注意一词多义时的选择。按照英文语序调整表达，英语通常主语在前，谓语紧跟，状语可前可后，定语位置有固定规则。 第四步：查语法，验规范 检查主谓是否一致，时态是否正确，名词单复数、冠词、介词搭配是否规范。确保译文符合英文表达习惯，没有中式英语。 三、解题句式储备 一、名言谚语类 条条大路通罗马。All roads lead to Rome. 千里之行，始于足下。A thousand-mile journey begins with the first step. 一日之计在于晨。An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. 良药苦口。Good medicine tastes bitter. 海内存知己，天涯若比邻。A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near. 欲速则不达。More haste, less speed. 三思而后行。Think twice before you act. 笑一笑，十年少。Laughter is the best medicine. 二、文化负载类 他真是害群之马。He is really a black sheep. 这件事让我如坐针毡。This matter made me sit on pins and needles. 别拐弯抹角了。Don't beat around the bush. 她欣喜若狂。She was over the moon. 他让我们等得很不耐烦。He kept us on tenterhooks. 这对我来说是天书。It's all Greek to me. 他遇到了拦路虎。He met a lion in the way. 三、隐含逻辑类 如果不及时治疗，病情会加重。If not treated in time, the illness will get worse. 他每天跑步是为了保持健康。He runs every day in order to keep healthy. 既然大家都到了，我们开始吧。Now that everyone is here, let's begin. 我原以为他会来，结果他没来。I thought he would come, but he didn't. 只有努力学习，才能实现梦想。Only by working hard can you achieve your dreams. 她如此善良，大家都喜欢她。She is so kind that everyone likes her. 无论遇到什么困难，都不要放弃。Whatever difficulties you meet, don't give up. 四、固定句型类 这部电影值得一看。This movie is worth watching. 我习惯于早起。I am used to getting up early. 他偶然发现了这个秘密。He came across the secret by chance. 我们应该充分利用时间。We should make full use of time. 这个箱子太重了，我搬不动。The box is too heavy for me to carry. 这是我读过最好的书。This is the best book that I have ever read. 他花了三个小时完成作业。It took him three hours to finish his homework. 我一点也不喜欢这种音乐。I don't like this kind of music at all. 【典例2-1】 They went to the box and Lisa opened the small door. There lay two new books and Matt’s books were gone! 盒子里还有一张卡片。“Dear friend, thanks for your books, and I hope you like mine.” 5．将文中画线句子翻译成英语。 【答案】5．There was also a card in the box./There was a card in the box, too. 【解析】本句使用there be句型，时态为一般过去时。“盒子里”in the box；“还有”there was also/there was...too；“一张卡片”a card。故填There was also a card in the box./There was a card in the box, too. 【迁移运用2-1】 In China, the 12th month of the lunar calendar (阴历) is called layue. The month is full of interesting festivals and customs. Laba Festival, which falls on the eighth day of layue, is the first festival in this month 4. 从这天起，人们开始为中国的新年做准备。 On Laba Festival, people eat hot Laba porridge. 5．将文中画线句子翻译成英语。 Passage 1 You never know where life will lead you. When I was a young boy, the water got into my nose while I was swimming, so I was afraid of swimming. I never wanted to get in the water again. I thought I would not swim again. One day, I fell off my skateboard and broke my leg so badly, and the doctors said I could never skateboard again. I could treat (治疗) my leg by swimming, and it was the only exercise that would be good for me. Well, I gave it a try. Every week, I became more interested in swimming. I practiced swimming so hard that my high school swimming coach asked me to join the school team. You can imagine how that made me and my family feel as I was afraid of the water very much before! To everyone's surprise, I won the third place in the final competition. Swimming is a big part of my life now. You never know which road life will take you down. Don't limit (限制) your choices. And remember, life is a swimming pool which is full of chances . Jump in and start swimming. You might be surprised where you end up. 1．Why was the writer afraid of swimming when he was a young boy? 2．How could the writer treat his leg? 3．What prize did the writer win in the swimming final competition? 4．Do you think it’s necessary for you to try more? Why or why not? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 2 Open an app, place your order, and wait for your food to be delivered (递送) to your home—this is how many people eat in China these days. According to the latest report (报道), there are about 842 million (百万) Internet users in China and half of them use online food delivery services (快递服务). Which group of people is ordering food online the most? Unsurprisingly(不出所料地), a recent report showed that 86.3 percent of the services’ users are young people, between 20 and 34 years old. Most of these people come from small families that like to order food online. After a long day’s work, it’s tiring for them to buy things for meals and cook. After all, ordering food online can make life easier and waiting for food at home is much more comfortable. To win more users, companies (公司) are now trying to improve China’s food delivery services. According to a report, it took 38 minutes to make a food delivery in 2016. But in 2020, it just took 28 minutes. Besides, delivery companies can deliver food and many daily things, such as medicine and flowers. As its services keep on improving, the food delivery industry will keep growing. 1．How many Chinese people use online food delivery services? 2．Which group of people is ordering food online the most? 3．Why do people from small families like food delivery services? 4．What do you think of China’s delivery services? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 3 Nong Jiagui is a village teacher who works in Guangnan County, Yunnan Province. He has helped more than 100 rural students learn about the outside world. The village used to be a treatment center for leprosy (麻风病) patients and their families. When the 20-year-old first came to the “leprosy village”, he was welcomed by the locals. However, the only thing he wanted to do was to leave the village at once. But when he saw the disappointed faces of the villagers, he decided to stay. In 1986, Nong became the first teacher in the village. After he came, all the school-age children came to his primary school. During the first class, many parents stood far away after sending their children to school, which moved Nong deeply. He was very thankful for their kindness. Nong named the village “Luosongdi”, which means “peanut (花生)” in the local language, because many villagers there could plant it. “My students will leave the village and go to new schools in the future. I hope that nobody will connect the village with leprosy when they write down their family addresses,” Nong said. Until now, Nong has worked in the village for 38 years. The village has become more open to the outside world. On September 10th, the 58-year-old teacher was named one of the National Role Models for Teaching and Educating People along with 11 other teachers. “As long as one child in the village needs me, I will continue teaching,” Nong said. 1．Where does Nong Jiagui work as a village teacher? 2．Did he want to stay in the village when he first went there? 3．What did Nong Jiagui name the village? 4．What do you think of Nong Jiagui? Please use at least 3 adjectives (形容词) to describe him. 5．将短文中划线部分翻译成中文。 Passage 4 Chinese traditional painting and dance are two important parts of the art world. But what about when they meet each other? In 2022, a dance drama called Poetic Dance: The Journey of a legendary Landscape Painting (《只此青绿》) was shown on CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala. It became popular overnight. According to CCTV, this poetic dance got the idea from the 900-year-old Chinese painting A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains (《千里江山图》). Created by Song Dynasty painter Wang Ximeng at about 18, the painting is amazing in its sweeping size, rich coloration and expressive details. It shows a Chinese blue-green landscape: “mountains and groupings of mountains endlessly rise and fall between cloudless sky and rippling (荡漾) water.” The dance shows the Chinese traditional beauty of the painting. The dancers each had a different hairstyle, which looked like a mountain rock. The clothes that they wore were shades of green and blue, which is also poetic show of the mountains and rivers. When the dancers swayed beautifully, the audience seemed to be looking at the moving mountains and rivers. Huge mountains and rivers are coming to life! More than a thousand years later, green mountains and rivers still wow people as they did long ago. In recent years, more and more modern shows highlight Chinese traditional culture and have received warm welcome, especially among young people. They show interest in Chinese culture and are proud of it. 1．What does the word they mean in paragraph 1? 2．What color is the Chinese landscape in A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains? 3．What does the dancers’ hairstyle look like? 4．According to the text, how do you like this poetic dance? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 5 Do you know a famous saying “(④) Life is like a box of chocolates, and you never know what you will get.”? The surprise is part of the fun. Now blind boxes are quite popular. Merchants (商家) fill the boxes with toys which usually come from movies, comics and cartoons. The earliest blind boxes originated in Japan. It was a New Year’s tradition. At that time, they called it “a lucky bag”. (⑤) 2014年盲盒被引进到中国。According to a 2019 Tmall (天猫) report, the mini-series of the Labubu blind box sold 55,000 units in just 9 seconds during the Singles Day shopping event. Most customers for blind boxes are young people aged 18 to 35. According to The Paper, blind box toys are popular in part because of their cute appearances. The cute mini-sized cartoon toys are suitable to place almost anywhere. What’s more, even if blind box toys are not their top choice for decorations, the mystery and uncertainty of the process also attract people. It’s the main reason why people buy blind boxes one after another. Opening a blind box is a pleasant little surprise for our daily lives. When people open this simple little box, they may be disappointed, but the uncertainty is part of the fun. People will open more blind boxes and hope for a better outcome. In fact, although the magical mystery boxes are full of fun, we should come to a rational (理智的) decision. 1．What is filled in the blind boxes? 2．What was the earliest blind box called in Japan? 3．Do you like opening blind boxes? Why or why not? 4．请将划线句子翻译成中文。 5．请将划线句子翻译成英文。 Passage 6 Hunan Super League, or “Xiang Chao” in Chinese, is a soccer game among cities in Hunan. It was held from September to December in 2025. The matches were so popular that millions of people watched them on the field or on TV. The players come from different backgrounds, they are sellers, drivers, students, and so on. They are between 16 and 40 years old. But once they wear their team uniforms and step onto the field, they play for one thing: their love of football. You can see the joy and determination on every player’s face during the match. What makes Xiang Chao special is its grassroots spirit (草根精神) . One famous team is Yongzhou’s “Beggar Team”. They got this name because they have very simple facilities (设施) and little money. They even borrowed scoreboards from train stations and used bus seats for fans. Still, their hard work and love for football made them Internet stars. Their story inspires many people to never give up on their dreams. Xiang Chao is not just about football. It also helps share Hunan’s culture. Fans can get cheap tickets to scenic spots (景点) , hotels, and local food. There are also events like opera and tea shows. Xiang Chao shows that football’s joy doesn’t come from big stadiums or famous players. It comes from love for their hometown and fans’ unity. It celebrates grassroots culture and the power of sports. In Xiang Chao, every ordinary person can shine and feel the warmth of teamwork and community support. 1．When did “Xiang Chao” begin in 2025? 2．Why is Yongzhou’s team called the “Beggar Team”? 3．What benefits do fans get besides watching football matches? 4．What is your favorite sport or physical activity? Why? 5．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 Passage 7 My name is Leo. As a quiet boy, I often felt lonely, especially after moving to a new city in seventh grade. My comfort came from music. Watching The Sound of Music was a turning point. The song Do-Re-Mi taught me that happiness can start from simple things. It also gave me courage. Noticing my change, my English teacher suggested I join the school choir (合唱团). I was nervous, but singing with others made me feel truly connected for the first time. I learned about teamwork and found my own voice. The experience also changed my taste. Before, I only listened to music for fun. Now, I pay attention to how different songs reflect different feelings. A rock song might give me energy before a test, while a calm piano piece helps me focus. This journey has washed away my shyness and loneliness. Music helped me understand myself and connect with others, turning me into a more confident person. 1．How did Leo feel when he moved to a new city in seventh grade? 2．What did Leo learn from the song Do-Re-Mi? 3．Who suggested Leo join the school choir? 4．What kind of music do you like? Why? 5．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 Passage 8 Do you know this famous book? The book shows the power of education. If you grew up in an unusual family and felt weighed down by heavy thoughts, how would you change your life story? In the book Educated, the US writer Tara Westover shows us how she deals with hard times. The book talks about Westover’s life. Before she turned 17, she had never traveled outside her small mountain village in Idaho, US. It’s a very far place, and her family was very conservative (保守的). None of the kids in her family, including Westover herself, had ever been to a school or a hospital. As she got older, she felt like getting away from her uncomfortable situation, so Westover went to college and later got a PhD in history at Cambridge University with her hard work and the encouragement of her brother. Education changed her, her life, her way of thinking and even her luck. Westover said, “Education means breaking free from the limits (限制) of my family and becoming a better person.” In fact, education is a really important and beautiful word. It allows girls like Westover to enter a bigger world, letting them fly like birds toward their own goals. It allows us to get a different opinion, find new experiences, better understand others and explore (探索) the wider world. I wish for all of us to be like free and powerful birds, growing and changing through challenges and difficulties. 1．Who wrote the book Educated? 2．Why did Westover try to go to college? 3．What did education mean according to Westover? 4．Do you want to read this book? Why or why not? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 9 Everyone has dreams, but not everyone knows how to realize them. In fact, there are some practical and clear steps you can take to make your dreams come true. The first step to achieve your dreams is to set clear and right goals. Unclear goals will only make you feel confused and lose your way, so you’d better write down exactly what you want to achieve and divide it into smaller and more achievable steps. These tiny but clear steps can help you stay focused and become motivated (有动力的) day by day. Once you have your goals in mind, you can make a detailed plan about how you will achieve them. Make a timeline for each step, mark the specific deadlines and be strictly responsible for yourself. It’s not enough to just have a plan— you need to take real action to make your dreams come true. Achieving your dreams can be a long and difficult journey full of challenges, so staying motivated along the way is really important. When you make progress or succeed, don’t forget to celebrate it. In order to stay motivated, you can celebrate your success with someone who supports you, like your family or friends. 5. Success makes you happy and confident, so keep working hard towards your next dream bravely. 1．According to the text, what’s the first step to achieve dreams? 2．What should you do after making a detailed plan for your goals? 3．How can you stay motivated on the journey of achieving dreams? 4．What other ways do you have to help you realize your dreams? 5．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 Passage 10 In many British schools, the pupils usually wear their school uniforms to school on weekdays. However, recently the students at LVS Ascot Junior School in England wore something quite different. What they wore was what people wear when they go to bed— pajamas (睡衣) . They did this for fun and also for a local charity (慈善) called Christopher’s Smile. Christopher’s Smile was set up in 2008 by Karen and Kevin Capel whose only son Christopher died of cancer (癌症) at a young age. Christopher’s Smile aims to raise money for more research into children’s cancers. Since then, the charity has raised a lot of money and gotten more and more volunteers. The students of Grade 6 at LVS Ascot Junior School organized the event Pajama Day to support Christopher’s Smile. “We wanted to raise money for our charity in a way that the whole school could join in it so each pupil paid 1 pound to wear his or her pajama to school on Pajama Day,” said a young organizer. Both the students and their teachers took part in the event with great interest. Together they not only raised some money, but also had a good time. 1．Why did the students at LVS Ascot Junior School wear pajamas to school? 2．When was the charity called Christopher’s Smile set up? 3．What is the purpose of setting up Christopher’s Smile? 4．Would you like to take part in the “Pajama Day” if you were a student in LVS Ascot Junior School? Why? 5．请将文中划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 11 Look at this Labubu below. It is not a toy. It is a pancake! At a night market in Chengdu, a store sells cartoon pancakes, such as Hello Kitty and Pikachu. The store owner, Zeng Yaxin, was an art teacher. Now she uses her art skills to cook pancakes. She first draws the shape with chocolate sauce (酱). Then, she fills it with the mixture of flour (面粉), milk and eggs. How to make it with more colors? Zeng’s secret is to use fruit or vegetable juice. A cartoon pancake sells for more than 15 yuan. Some cartoons are hard to draw. It can take Zeng about 20 minutes. But people are happy to wait for the lovely food which brings them joy. What makes her pancakes even more special is how she combines art with everyday food. Each pancake is like a small piece of art. Customers, especially children, are often amazed when they see their favorite characters come to life on a pan. Zeng says that the most challenging part is keeping the shape perfect while cooking, as the batter (面糊) can easily spread. She has practiced for months to control the heat and time. Although the process requires patience and skill, Zeng finds it worthy to see people’s smiles when they receive their pancakes. Many customers take photos to share online, making her store popular on social media. For Zeng, this is not just a job—it’s a creative way to spread happiness through delicious and beautiful food. 1．Is the Labubu a toy in the first paragraph? 2．What is Zeng’s secret of making the pancakes with more colors? 3．Why is keeping the shape perfect the most challenging part for Zeng? 4．What can you learn from Zeng Yaxin? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 12 Gui Haichao is a university teacher. He dreamed of flying to space. And that dream has now come true. How did he build his dream? He had a strong belief and kept working hard. After all, Rome wasn’t built in one day. Gui Haichao said, “Miracles always favor the light-chasers who dare to strive and never give up. Gui was born in a family in southwest China’s Yunnan Province. He has been a big fan of science since he was young. At the age of 17, he learned about the news of Yang Liwei’s spaceflight. It inspired him. He has never stopped dreaming about going to space ever since. In 2005, he went to Beihang University. After nine years of study, he went to Canada for further study. He returned in 2017 and began to teach at Beihang University. In 2018, when Gui had the chance to start training for flying to space, he jumped at it. At first, the training was hard for him. But he didn’t give up. He did more exercises, asked for help and used different training ways. Finally, he improved a lot. Gui is a sports lover who enjoys running, biking and swimming. He has kept up his exercise routine for all these years. A student of his said, “Whenever we went to see him, he was running.” According to Gui, being in good health improves his work results. For his students, Gui is a wonderful teacher. He always tries his best to help them. Although he is busy, he still reads their papers carefully. A student said, “During his training, he still read my papers. Sometimes, during dinner time, he called me to give me great advice.” 1．Who inspired Gui Haichao’s dream of flying to space? 2．How long did Gui Haichao study in Beihang University? 3．What sports does Gui Haichao enjoy doing? 4．Do you want to be a man like Gui Haichao? Why or why not? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 13 Imagine a place where ancient cities were built one on top of the other! That’s what archaeologists (考古学家) found in Kaifeng, Henan Province. Over the past years, archaeologists have been digging deep underground and discovering a great scene—six different ancient cities, all piled up (堆积) one by one! Different rulers built these cities over the past 2,200 years. The first one, Daliang, was started by the King of Wei in 364 BC． After that, many more rulers took over and built their new cities on top of the old ones. The archaeologists think this happened because the Yellow River flooded (淹没) the area many times over the centuries. When the water went down, people would build a new city right on top of the old one that got buried. The head of the archaeology team, Mr. Qiu, said that this “city upon city” discovery is like solving a mystery that people in Kaifeng have been asking about for ages. 4.他们总是想知道有多少城市被埋藏在他们的脚下。And now they finally know—six! It’s a fun piece of history, hidden underground for centuries. Archaeologists are still learning more about these ancient cities. 5.I think they might discover some other secrets! 1．Where are the six ancient cities? 2．When was the first one of the six ancient cities started? 3．According to the archaeologists, why did the six ancient cities pile up one by one? 4．将短文中画线句子翻译成英文。 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 14 The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. There are different stories about the umbrella in China. The most popular one is related to Lu Ban. One day, Lu Ban and his younger sister visited the West Lake. It started raining suddenly. The sister said, “Let’s have a competition, before sunrise tomorrow, who comes up with a way to make it possible for people to visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the winner.” Lu Ban thought it was easy. He collected some tools and materials and spent the whole night building 10 pavilions (凉亭) around the lake. The next morning, when Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud, his sister held something unusual in her hand, it could be opened into a round shape. What is it? After a while, he found the object which was made of silk and bamboo could be opened and closed easily. Lu Ban said, “You win. It was light, beautiful and easy to carry. And it can also protect us from rain.” So the umbrella was invented. Later when paper was invented, people used much cheaper paper to replace (替代) silk, cutting the cost of umbrellas. To make the umbrella waterproof (防水的), people brushed oil across the surface. That was how the oil-paper umbrella was invented. Now, most people use modern umbrellas in their daily lives, while oil-paper umbrellas have gone into decline (走下坡路). But in 1990, Dai Gensheng, a local of Jialu Village, set up the Jialu oil-paper umbrella factory to protect and pass on (传承) the traditional handicraft (手工艺). So far, the oil-paper umbrellas produced by Dai’s company have been exported (出口) to 28 countries. “We receive nearly 600 tourists a day. And the center also attracts many foreign tourists. 它能给人们一个机会去了解中国文化。” said Dai. 1—3题回答问题；4题英译汉；5题中译英。 1．How long ago was the oil-paper umbrella invented? 2．How could people make the umbrella waterproof? 3．Why did Dai Gensheng set up the Jialu oil-paper umbrella factory? 4． 5． Passage 15 Skipping to victory (跳绳致胜) 周琦是一个来自浙江杭州的17岁的学生。 In April, 2023 he broke the Guinness (吉尼斯) World Record for the most single skips (跳绳) in one minute, with a result of 374. The record had stood unbroken for ten years. Daisuke Mimura from Japan held it with 348 skips in 2013. Interestingly, Zhou Qi’s new record is not even his personal best. “My best performance was 398 times in one minute. That was done in the 3rd Primary and Secondary School Students’ Rope Skipping Championship in 2022. My teacher said I had already broken the world record. It was at that time that I made up my mind to apply for the Guinness World Record,” Zhou said. However, the road to success was far from smooth. For years, Zhou practised with a special steel rope designed for competition. It’s light and strong. But because of the rope he used, his first Guinness application was considered invalid (无效的). After online communication with the records management team, Zhou quickly changed to a common rope recognized (认可) by the Guinness World Records. He soon got used to it. Whatever kind of rope Zhou used, his strict training stood him in good sporting condition. Zhou has been on the school rope skipping team for seven years. He has jumped rope for about four hours each day. He would also run around the playground to improve his physical strength. Now a high school student, Zhou said he’ll put his studies first. But he won’t stop training and still hopes to beat his own record one day. 1．将短文画线的句子翻译成英文。 2．When did Zhou Qi break the Guinness World Record for the most single skips? 3．Is Zhou Qi’s new record his personal best? 4．Why was Zhou Qi’s first Guinness application considered invalid? 5．将短文画线的句子翻译成中文。 Passage 16 Recently, a new kind of tourism called special forces style tourism (特种兵式旅游) is becoming popular in China. This new kind of tourism means visiting tourist attractions in a short intense period. People who like taking photos and making recordings may choose this kind of tourism. With the popularity of social media, people prefer presenting their photos and get “likes” from their friends. At the same time, tourist attractions provide some special photo slots (打卡点) to attract visitors. Therefore, special forces style tourism has become a way for people to show their lives and experiences by sharing photos and recordings, which makes people get a sense of satisfaction. ④ Not all Chinese people enjoy special forces style tourism. Many people prefer to take a long vacation to go to a place for detailed tourism and experience the local way of life. They tend to enjoy slow-paced (慢速的) deep travel, by staying for a long time to gain a deeper understanding of local culture, customs, and experience local life. The slow-paced travel focuses more on feelings and experiences. However, special forces tours do not necessarily mean that you have not fully experienced the charm of tourism. People remember the details of their travels more deeply by taking photos and recording them. These photos have become an important way for them to recall their travels, so they are not just looking at them without feeling them. The value of tourism lies in discovery, experience, and perception (感知). Therefore, whether it is special forces style tourism or slow-paced deep travel, ⑤ 它值得尊敬和理解. We should all feel the scenery of the journey with our hearts, see with our eyes and walk with our feet. 1．Who may choose the special forces style tourism according to the passage? 2．What does the value of tourism lie in? 3．Which would you like to choose, special forces style tourism or slow-paced deep travel? Why? 4．把划线部分翻译成中文。 5．把划线部分翻译成英文。 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题19 阅读表达 （翻译） 目录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 4 03·题型通关·靶向突破 4 考点一 题型破解 4 一、题型特点 5 考点二 解题要点 7 一、英译中类型 7 二、中译英类型 10 04·优题精选·练能提分 12 题型 考查形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 知识运用之阅读表达（翻译） □选择题 ☑非选择题 湖南省卷：60 长沙卷：无 湖南省卷：60 长沙卷：无 长沙卷；岳阳卷；永州卷；怀化卷；常德卷均考察双向翻译 考 情 分 析 1. 题型定位与考查功能 在湖南中考省卷“阅读表达”题型中，翻译题（英译中）作为综合性考查形式，承担着“语言理解”与“文化传递”的双重功能。该类试题主要考查学生： · 深层理解能力：能否在理解全文语境的基础上，准确把握特定句子的含义，而非逐词死译。 · 文化意象转换能力：能否将英语中的文化负载词、习语、谚语等转化为符合中文表达习惯的表述。 · 语言组织能力：能否用通顺、准确、典雅的中文表达原文意思，体现中文素养。 2. 考查频率与命题特点 根据对2023—2025年湖南省中考真题的分析，翻译题在“阅读表达”中呈现以下命题规律： （1）固定出现，分值稳定 从2024年和2025年湖南卷来看，翻译题为必考题型，通常设置在阅读表达的最后一题，分值为2分。2024年湖南卷翻译句为“Where there is a will, there is a way.”，2025年湖南卷翻译句为“It‘s better to travel ten thousand miles than to read ten thousand books.”。 （2）选句特征鲜明——翻译题的选句具有三个鲜明特征： · 哲理名言型：所选句子多为蕴含人生智慧的格言、谚语。如2025年的“读万卷书不如行万里路”，2024年的“有志者事竟成”。这类句子既是文本的点睛之笔，又承载着普世价值。 · 主旨总结型：句子往往是全文的主旨句或核心观点的凝练。如2025年Jeff故事中，刘老师引用的这句古语，正是推动主人公来华游学的关键，也是全文主题的升华。 · 文化负载型：句子包含中国文化或西方文化特有的表达，需要学生具备跨文化理解能力。如“read ten thousand books”和“travel ten thousand miles”对应中文的“读万卷书，行万里路”，考查学生对文化意象的对应转换能力。 （3）与文本高度融合 翻译句不是孤立出现的，而是深度嵌入文本语境。学生必须理解前文后理，才能准确翻译。例如2025年的画线句，前文是刘老师建议Jeff参加中国游学，后文是Jeff最终成行，翻译时必须理解这句话在此处的“劝学”功能。 3. 核心素养与课标对接 翻译题的考查，全面呼应《义务教育英语课程标准》中“语言能力”“文化意识”和“思维品质”的要求： · 语言能力：考查学生对英语句子结构、词汇含义的准确理解，以及中文表达能力。 · 文化意识：通过翻译承载文化内涵的句子，培养学生对中外文化的理解和对比能力。 · 思维品质：翻译过程本身就是思维转换的过程，需要学生进行逻辑推理和语言重组。 命 题 预 测 及 备 考 建 议 1. 2026年命题趋势预测 根据湖南省教育考试院发布的《湖南省初中学业水平考试试卷结构（2025年修订）》，从2026年开始，英语科目综合技能部分包括简答和翻译共五题，每题两分，共十分。这一官方文件明确了翻译题的稳定地位。基于此，对2026年命题趋势做出以下预测。 在题型结构方面，翻译题将继续作为综合技能部分的固定题型，与简答题并列，每套试卷一题，分值两分。 在文本选材方面，将呈现三种倾向。一是文化传承类，继续选用体现中华优秀传统文化的故事，如2024年的湘绣传承、2023年的曾子杀彘等，翻译句可能与传统美德相关。二是人生启迪类，选用人物励志故事，翻译句多为人物感悟或引用的名言，如2025年的Jeff故事。三是跨文化交际类，涉及中外文化交流的文本，翻译句可能包含需要文化转换的表达。 在句子难度方面，所选句子结构不会过于复杂，但会包含需要意译的表达或文化负载词，考查学生的灵活处理能力，而非机械对应。 在评分标准方面，根据新课标素养立意导向，翻译题的评分将不仅关注准确，更关注通顺和典雅，鼓励学生用符合中文审美习惯的表达。 2. 精准备考建议 针对三类重点句型进行分类训练。第一类是名言谚语类，其特征是结构凝练、蕴含哲理，训练重点是积累中英文对应表达并理解文化背景，例如Where there is a will, there is a way对应有志者事竟成。第二类是文化负载类，其特征是包含特有文化意象，训练重点是理解意象内涵并寻找中文对应表达，例如read ten thousand books对应读万卷书。第三类是主旨升华类，其特征是位于文末、点明主题，训练重点是结合全文理解并把握作者意图，例如Learning is a lifelong pursuit对应学无止境。 指导学生掌握三步翻译法。第一步是通读上下文把握语境，不要孤立看画线句，先读前后文理解这句话在文中起什么作用，是劝学、总结还是感悟。第二步是拆解句子理解结构，找出主干识别修饰成分，明确各部分的逻辑关系。第三步是意译为主力求通达，在准确理解的基础上用符合中文表达习惯的语言重新组织，善用四字词语追求简洁典雅。 引导学生建立翻译常用四字词语积累库。励志类包括坚持不懈、持之以恒、志存高远、天道酬勤。学习类包括学无止境、勤学苦练、温故知新、学以致用。实践类包括知行合一、身体力行、亲身体验、躬行实践。哲理类包括事在人为、功不唐捐、水滴石穿、玉汝于成。 强化中英文表达差异对比训练。英语多被动而中文多主动，例如it is said that应译为据说。英语多长句而中文多短句，需要将英语复合句拆分为中文流水句。英语多抽象而中文多具体，例如his arrival应译为他来了。 开展真题精练与仿写训练。精选近三年湖南省及各地市中考翻译真题进行分类精练，每练一题要求学生写出自己的翻译，对照参考答案分析差异，总结该句的翻译难点和应对策略，并仿写类似句型。 结合新课标文化意识培养要求，在复习过程中有意识地融入中华优秀传统文化元素，如传统节日、经典故事、名人名言等，让学生熟悉相关英文表达，提升文化转换能力，这与新课标强调的文化自信高度契合。 考点一 题型破解 一、题型本质定位 在阅读表达题型中，对翻译能力的考查，本质上是对学生“跨文化理解能力”与“双语转换构建能力”的综合检验。学生需要扮演“文化摆渡人”的角色，不仅要读懂源语言文本的字面意思，更要能理解其背后的文化内涵、语境逻辑和作者意图，然后用目标语言进行准确、通顺、得体的表达。 翻译题的解题，不是孤立的词汇对应练习，而是对完整语篇意义的跨语言重构。 二、读者角色设定 学生需要化身为 “意义传递者” ，在源语言与目标语言之间搭建双向的意义桥梁： · 英译中时：顺着英语句子的表层结构，潜入其深层含义，再浮出水面，用符合中文思维和表达习惯的语言重新呈现。 · 中译英时：理解中文句子的真实意图和文化负载，选择恰当的英文句式和词汇，确保语法正确、搭配地道、文化对等。 三、核心思维过程：双向驱动的意义重构 解题是一个“由表及里”和“由此及彼”双向驱动的意义转换过程，其核心在于 “源语理解”与“译语表达”之间的精准对等。 1. 英译中：理解驱动的表达重构 · 破译语境：翻译句不是孤立的，必须回归原文语境，理解这句话在文中的作用——是观点陈述、情感抒发、还是哲理总结。 · 解析结构：拆解英语句子，找出主干，理清修饰关系，识别隐含的逻辑连接（因果、转折、条件等）。 · 转换文化：识别英语中的习语、谚语、文化负载词，寻找中文中功能对等的表达，而非字面对应。 · 重组语言：按照中文表达习惯（短句、主动态、意合连接）重新组织语言，追求“信、达、雅”的统一。 2. 中译英：意义驱动的形式构建 · 把握核心：理解中文句子的真实含义，去除冗余，抓住主干信息。 · 确定结构：选择恰当的英文句型（简单句、复合句、被动语态等），确保语法框架正确。 · 选择词汇：根据语境选择准确的词汇，注意搭配习惯和词性转换。 · 检查规范：核对时态、人称、数、语态，避免中式英语。 四、答案特征：语篇意义链上的“等效传递” 无论是英译中还是中译英，译文都具有两个共同特征： 1. 意义等效性 译文不是任意一个语法正确的句子，而是在特定语篇上下文中，与源语句子意义最接近、功能最匹配的表达。它必须： · 准确传达源语句的核心信息（无增删、无曲解） · 保留源语句的语气、情感和风格（如正式、亲切、幽默） · 在语境中起到与源语句相同的交际功能 2. 表达规范性 译文必须符合目标语言的习惯表达： · 英译中：符合中文的语序、搭配、修辞习惯，避免欧化句式；善用四字词语，追求简洁典雅。 · 中译英：符合英文的语法规则、搭配习惯和句式特点，避免中式英语；注意时态、主谓一致、冠词使用等细节。 五、破题关键：三类信息的精准把握 无论面对哪种方向的翻译，解题的核心在于对以下三类信息的准确把握： 1. 语言信息 · 词汇层面：识别一词多义、熟词生义、固定搭配、习语谚语。 · 句子层面：分析句子结构，找出主干，理清修饰关系和逻辑连接。 · 语篇层面：理解句子在上下文中的位置和作用。 2. 文化信息 · 识别文化负载词：如“Confucius”“dragon”“凤凰”等，理解其文化内涵。 · 处理文化缺省：对于目标语言读者可能不了解的文化背景，需适当补充或转换。 · 寻找功能对等：用目标语言中文化内涵相似的表达替代，如“as poor as a church mouse”译为一贫如洗。 3. 语境信息 · 前文后理：翻译句前后说了什么，决定了某些词的取义和句子的语气。 · 文体风格：是记叙、说明还是议论？决定了译文的语体色彩。 · 作者意图：这句话是事实陈述、观点表达还是情感抒发？决定了译文的语气强弱。 考点二 解题要点 英译中类型 一、解题核心 作为跨文化理解与表达的核心手段，英译中的解题核心在于精准理解英语句子在特定语境中的真实含义，并用符合中文表达习惯的语言进行准确传递。答案的本质是对源语句子“意义”的完整再现，而非对源语句子“形式”的机械对应。学生需要突破英语表层结构的束缚，捕捉深层含义，最终用流畅地道的中文实现“意义等效传递”。 二、解题步骤 第一步：析语境，定功能 读前后文，明确句子作用——是观点陈述、事实叙述、主旨升华还是名言引用？确定语气（肯定、感叹、建议、反问）。 第二步：拆结构，理逻辑 找主干（主谓宾），标修饰（定语、状语），理清逻辑关系（因果、转折、条件）。长句拆分为意群，分别理解。 第三步：定词义，破文化 结合语境确定词义，警惕一词多义、熟词生义。识别习语谚语、文化负载词，调用储备找对应，避免逐字直译。 第四步：组译文，合习惯 按中文习惯重组：长句变短句、被动变主动、形合变意合。语序调整（定语前置、时间地点在前）。善用四字词，求简雅。 第五步：验全句，保通达 回译检查是否准确，朗读检查是否通顺。三度把关：准确（无增删）、通顺（合习惯）、得体（语气匹配）。 三、解题句式储备 一、名言谚语类 1. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。 2. It's never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。 3. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 4. Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。/行动胜于言语。 5. No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。 6. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 7. Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 8. Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是一天建成的。 9. Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。 10. Constant dripping wears away a stone. 滴水穿石。 二、文化负载类 11. Carry coals to Newcastle. 多此一举。 12. Call one names. 辱骂某人。 13. Have cold feet. 害怕；胆怯。 14. Chicken feed. 小钱；微不足道的钱。 15. Cakes and ale. 人生乐事。 16. Cap in hand. 毕恭毕敬。 17. Cock of the walk. 称王称霸；自命不凡的老大。 18. Kill two birds with one stone. 一石二鸟；一举两得。 19. Love me, love my dog. 爱屋及乌。 20. Every dog has its day. 凡人皆有得意日。 三、长难句类 21. After she found the old photo which reminded her of her childhood, Mary realized why her mother always kept the box that looked ordinary. 在她找到那张让她想起童年的旧照片后，玛丽意识到为什么她妈妈总是保留那个看起来很普通的盒子。 22. The scientists who discovered the new species explained that its unique features could help solve environmental problems they had studied for years. 发现新物种的科学家解释说，其独特特征有助于解决他们研究多年的环境问题。 23. Protecting cultural heritage helps preserve historical memories, promotes cultural diversity, and connects past generations with the present. 保护文化遗产有助于留存历史记忆，促进文化多样性，并将过去的世代与当下联系起来。 24. Reading widely not only expands our knowledge but also enhances our imagination and cultivates a lifelong love for learning. 广泛阅读不仅能扩大我们的知识储备，还能增强我们的想象力，并培养对学习的终身热爱。 25. Artificial intelligence assists students in organizing study plans, analyzes learning progress, and provides personalized guidance to improve academic performance. 人工智能帮助学生制定学习计划，分析学习进度，并提供个性化指导，以提高学业成绩。 四、隐含逻辑类 26. Although he was tired, he still managed to finish the race. 尽管他感到累，但仍然努力完成了比赛。 27. No matter how hard it rained, she insisted on going out. 无论雨下得多大，她都坚持要出去。 28. Even if you don't agree with me, at least try to understand my point of view. 即使你不同意我的观点，至少试着理解我的观点。 29. When going near the cliff, he had cold feet. 当走近悬崖的时候，他害怕了。 30. A man becomes learned by asking questions. 不耻下问才能有学问。 【典例1-1】 These could be important for protecting old buildings. Although the biocrust may not look nice, its natural ability to keep things could be a very useful tool for experts looking for ways to protect important ancient buildings. 5. 将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】 5．这些对于保护古建筑来说可能会很重要。 【解析】These“这些”；could“可能”；be important for“对……重要”；protecting old buildings“保护古建筑”。故填：这些对于保护古建筑来说可能会很重要。 【迁移运用1-1】 During the Song Dynasty, Kung fu became more and more popular among common people. Many organizations were set up and more weapons (武器) were used. Poor people performed Kung fu in the street to make a living. Usually their performance was carried out by a single person or two persons as a pair. 5. 将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】5．在宋朝，功夫在普通人中变得越来越受欢迎。 【解析】5. During the Song Dynasty“在宋朝”；Kung fu became…“功夫变得……”；more and more popular“越来越受欢迎”；among common people“在普通人中”。故填：在宋朝，功夫在普通人中变得越来越受欢迎。 中译英类型 一、解题核心 作为汉语思维向英语表达转换的核心手段，中译英的解题核心在于准确理解中文句子的真实含义，并用语法正确、搭配地道的英文进行规范表达。答案的本质是对中文句子“意义”的完整再现，而非字面对应的机械翻译。学生需要突破中文思维定式，按照英文的语法规则和表达习惯重构句子。 二、解题步骤 第一步：审中文，明核心 仔细阅读中文句子，抓住主干信息，明确主语、谓语、宾语是什么。识别句子中的隐含逻辑关系和时间信息，判断是陈述事实、表达观点还是发出指令。 第二步：定主干，选时态 确定英文句子的基本结构（主谓宾或主系表），选择正确的时态。根据中文提示（了、过、将、正在等）或上下文语境，判断用一般现在时、一般过去时还是现在完成时等。 第三步：译词汇，调语序 将中文关键词汇译为准确的英文词语，注意一词多义时的选择。按照英文语序调整表达，英语通常主语在前，谓语紧跟，状语可前可后，定语位置有固定规则。 第四步：查语法，验规范 检查主谓是否一致，时态是否正确，名词单复数、冠词、介词搭配是否规范。确保译文符合英文表达习惯，没有中式英语。 三、解题句式储备 一、名言谚语类 条条大路通罗马。All roads lead to Rome. 千里之行，始于足下。A thousand-mile journey begins with the first step. 一日之计在于晨。An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. 良药苦口。Good medicine tastes bitter. 海内存知己，天涯若比邻。A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near. 欲速则不达。More haste, less speed. 三思而后行。Think twice before you act. 笑一笑，十年少。Laughter is the best medicine. 二、文化负载类 他真是害群之马。He is really a black sheep. 这件事让我如坐针毡。This matter made me sit on pins and needles. 别拐弯抹角了。Don't beat around the bush. 她欣喜若狂。She was over the moon. 他让我们等得很不耐烦。He kept us on tenterhooks. 这对我来说是天书。It's all Greek to me. 他遇到了拦路虎。He met a lion in the way. 三、隐含逻辑类 如果不及时治疗，病情会加重。If not treated in time, the illness will get worse. 他每天跑步是为了保持健康。He runs every day in order to keep healthy. 既然大家都到了，我们开始吧。Now that everyone is here, let's begin. 我原以为他会来，结果他没来。I thought he would come, but he didn't. 只有努力学习，才能实现梦想。Only by working hard can you achieve your dreams. 她如此善良，大家都喜欢她。She is so kind that everyone likes her. 无论遇到什么困难，都不要放弃。Whatever difficulties you meet, don't give up. 四、固定句型类 这部电影值得一看。This movie is worth watching. 我习惯于早起。I am used to getting up early. 他偶然发现了这个秘密。He came across the secret by chance. 我们应该充分利用时间。We should make full use of time. 这个箱子太重了，我搬不动。The box is too heavy for me to carry. 这是我读过最好的书。This is the best book that I have ever read. 他花了三个小时完成作业。It took him three hours to finish his homework. 我一点也不喜欢这种音乐。I don't like this kind of music at all. 【典例2-1】 They went to the box and Lisa opened the small door. There lay two new books and Matt’s books were gone! 盒子里还有一张卡片。“Dear friend, thanks for your books, and I hope you like mine.” 5．将文中画线句子翻译成英语。 【答案】5．There was also a card in the box./There was a card in the box, too. 【解析】本句使用there be句型，时态为一般过去时。“盒子里”in the box；“还有”there was also/there was...too；“一张卡片”a card。故填There was also a card in the box./There was a card in the box, too. 【迁移运用2-1】 In China, the 12th month of the lunar calendar (阴历) is called layue. The month is full of interesting festivals and customs. Laba Festival, which falls on the eighth day of layue, is the first festival in this month 4. 从这天起，人们开始为中国的新年做准备。 On Laba Festival, people eat hot Laba porridge. 5．将文中画线句子翻译成英语。 【答案】From this day on, people begin to get ready for the Chinese New Year./From this day on, people begin to prepare for the Chinese New Year. 【解析】“从这天起”可翻译为“From this day on”，“开始做某事”可翻译为“begin to do sth.”，“为……做准备”可翻译为“get/prepare ready for”。故填：From this day on, people begin to get ready for the Chinese New Year./From this day on, people begin to prepare for the Chinese New Year. Passage 1 You never know where life will lead you. When I was a young boy, the water got into my nose while I was swimming, so I was afraid of swimming. I never wanted to get in the water again. I thought I would not swim again. One day, I fell off my skateboard and broke my leg so badly, and the doctors said I could never skateboard again. I could treat (治疗) my leg by swimming, and it was the only exercise that would be good for me. Well, I gave it a try. Every week, I became more interested in swimming. I practiced swimming so hard that my high school swimming coach asked me to join the school team. You can imagine how that made me and my family feel as I was afraid of the water very much before! To everyone's surprise, I won the third place in the final competition. Swimming is a big part of my life now. You never know which road life will take you down. Don't limit (限制) your choices. And remember, life is a swimming pool which is full of chances . Jump in and start swimming. You might be surprised where you end up. 1．Why was the writer afraid of swimming when he was a young boy? 2．How could the writer treat his leg? 3．What prize did the writer win in the swimming final competition? 4．Do you think it’s necessary for you to try more? Why or why not? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Because the water got into his nose while he was swimming. 2．By swimming. /He could treat his leg by swimming. 3．He won the third place. 4．Yes, I do. Because trying more things can open up new possibilities and help us grow, just like the writer did with swimming. (答案合理即可) 5．生活是一个充满机遇的游泳池。/生活就是一个游泳池，充满着机遇。 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己童年因呛水而害怕游泳，后因一次滑板受伤只能通过游泳进行康复，意外地发现了自己的游泳天赋，并最终在比赛中获奖的经历，从而感悟到人生充满机遇，不应自我设限。 1．根据第一段“When I was a young boy, the water got into my nose while I was swimming, so I was afraid of swimming.”可知，作者小时候害怕游泳是因为游泳时水进了鼻子。故填Because the water got into his nose while he was swimming. 2．根据第二段“I could treat my leg by swimming...”可知，作者可以通过游泳来治疗他的腿伤。故填By swimming./He could treat his leg by swimming. 3．根据第四段“To everyone’s surprise, I won the third place in the final competition.”可知，作者在决赛中获得了第三名。故填He won the third place. 4．本题为开放性问答，要求回答是否认为有必要尝试更多事物并说明理由。答案需观点明确，理由合理。示例：是的，我认为有必要。因为尝试更多事物可以开拓新的可能性并帮助我们成长，就像作者对待游泳那样。故填Yes, I do. Because trying more things can open up new possibilities and help us grow, just like the writer did with swimming. (答案合理即可) 5．life is a swimming pool“生活是一个游泳池”；which is full of chances“充满机遇的”。故填：生活是一个充满机遇的游泳池。/生活就是一个游泳池，充满着机遇。 Passage 2 Open an app, place your order, and wait for your food to be delivered (递送) to your home—this is how many people eat in China these days. According to the latest report (报道), there are about 842 million (百万) Internet users in China and half of them use online food delivery services (快递服务). Which group of people is ordering food online the most? Unsurprisingly(不出所料地), a recent report showed that 86.3 percent of the services’ users are young people, between 20 and 34 years old. Most of these people come from small families that like to order food online. After a long day’s work, it’s tiring for them to buy things for meals and cook. After all, ordering food online can make life easier and waiting for food at home is much more comfortable. To win more users, companies (公司) are now trying to improve China’s food delivery services. According to a report, it took 38 minutes to make a food delivery in 2016. But in 2020, it just took 28 minutes. Besides, delivery companies can deliver food and many daily things, such as medicine and flowers. As its services keep on improving, the food delivery industry will keep growing. 1．How many Chinese people use online food delivery services? 2．Which group of people is ordering food online the most? 3．Why do people from small families like food delivery services? 4．What do you think of China’s delivery services? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．About 421 million. 2．Young people between 20 and 34 years old. 3．Because they are tired after a long day’s work./After a long day's work, it’s tiring for them to buy things for meals and cook. 4．They make people’s life easier/convenient./China’s delivery services are fast, convenient, and keep on improving. 5．网上订餐可以让生活更轻松（简单），在家等外卖也更舒服。 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了中国外卖服务的现状，包括用户规模、核心用户群体、受欢迎的原因，以及行业的发展与改进。 1．根据“there are about 842 million Internet users in China and half of them use online food delivery services”可知，中国约有8.42亿网民，其中一半使用外卖服务，计算可得约4.21亿人。故填About 421 million. 2．根据“a recent report showed that 86.3 percent of the services’ users are young people, between 20 and 34 years old”可知，20到34岁的年轻人是网上订餐最多的群体。故填Young people between 20 and 34 years old. 3．根据“After a long day’s work, it’s tiring for them to buy things for meals and cook”可知，小家庭喜欢外卖是因为忙碌一天后，他们觉得买菜做饭很累。故填Because they are tired after a long day’s work./After a long day’s work, it’s tiring for them to buy things for meals and cook. 4．根据“ordering food online can make life easier”和“As its services keep on improving, the food delivery industry will keep growing”等信息可知，中国的配送服务便捷高效，并且还在持续改进。 故填They make people’s life easier/convenient./China’s delivery services are fast, convenient, and keep on improving. 5．原句“ordering food online can make life easier and waiting for food at home is much more comfortable.” 中；“ordering food online” 意为“网上订餐” ；“make life easier” 意为“让生活更轻松” ；“waiting for food at home” 意为“在家等外卖”；“much more comfortable” 意为“更舒服”  。故填：网上订餐可以让生活更轻松（简单），在家等外卖也更舒服。 Passage 3 Nong Jiagui is a village teacher who works in Guangnan County, Yunnan Province. He has helped more than 100 rural students learn about the outside world. The village used to be a treatment center for leprosy (麻风病) patients and their families. When the 20-year-old first came to the “leprosy village”, he was welcomed by the locals. However, the only thing he wanted to do was to leave the village at once. But when he saw the disappointed faces of the villagers, he decided to stay. In 1986, Nong became the first teacher in the village. After he came, all the school-age children came to his primary school. During the first class, many parents stood far away after sending their children to school, which moved Nong deeply. He was very thankful for their kindness. Nong named the village “Luosongdi”, which means “peanut (花生)” in the local language, because many villagers there could plant it. “My students will leave the village and go to new schools in the future. I hope that nobody will connect the village with leprosy when they write down their family addresses,” Nong said. Until now, Nong has worked in the village for 38 years. The village has become more open to the outside world. On September 10th, the 58-year-old teacher was named one of the National Role Models for Teaching and Educating People along with 11 other teachers. “As long as one child in the village needs me, I will continue teaching,” Nong said. 1．Where does Nong Jiagui work as a village teacher? 2．Did he want to stay in the village when he first went there? 3．What did Nong Jiagui name the village? 4．What do you think of Nong Jiagui? Please use at least 3 adjectives (形容词) to describe him. 5．将短文中划线部分翻译成中文。 【答案】1．He works in Guangnan County, Yunnan Province. 2．No, he didn’t. 3．He named the village “Luosongdi”, which means “peanut” in the local language. 4．I think he is kind-hearted, helpful, hard-working, selfless, devoted, responsible and persistent. (开放性试题，答案合理即可) 5．只要村里还有一个孩子需要我，我就会继续教书育人。 【导语】本文是一篇人物报道，主要讲述了云南省广南县乡村教师农加贵38年来坚守“麻风村”教书育人的感人事迹，展现了他无私奉献的精神。 1．根据“Nong Jiagui is a village teacher who works in Guangnan County, Yunnan Province.”可知，农加贵在云南省广南县当老师。故填He works in Guangnan County, Yunnan Province. 2．根据“When the 20-year-old first came to the ‘leprosy village’, he was welcomed by the locals. However, the only thing he wanted to do was to leave the village at once.”可知，他第一次到那里的时候，想立马离开。故填No, he didn’t. 3．根据“Nong named the village ‘Luosongdi’, which means ‘peanut’ in the local language,”可知，农加贵将这个村子取名为“Luosongdi”，当地语言是“花生”的意思。故填He named the village “Luosongdi”, which means “peanut” in the local language. 4．开放性试题，答案合理即可。故填I think he is kind-hearted, helpful, hard-working, selfless, devoted, responsible and persistent. 5．As long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句；one child“一个孩子”，从句主语；in the village“在村子里”，介词短语作后置定语；needs“需要”，谓语；me“我”，作宾语；I“我”，主句主语；will“将要”；continue“继续”，谓语；teaching“教”，宾语。故填：只要村里还有一个孩子需要我，我就会继续教书育人。 Passage 4 Chinese traditional painting and dance are two important parts of the art world. But what about when they meet each other? In 2022, a dance drama called Poetic Dance: The Journey of a legendary Landscape Painting (《只此青绿》) was shown on CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala. It became popular overnight. According to CCTV, this poetic dance got the idea from the 900-year-old Chinese painting A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains (《千里江山图》). Created by Song Dynasty painter Wang Ximeng at about 18, the painting is amazing in its sweeping size, rich coloration and expressive details. It shows a Chinese blue-green landscape: “mountains and groupings of mountains endlessly rise and fall between cloudless sky and rippling (荡漾) water.” The dance shows the Chinese traditional beauty of the painting. The dancers each had a different hairstyle, which looked like a mountain rock. The clothes that they wore were shades of green and blue, which is also poetic show of the mountains and rivers. When the dancers swayed beautifully, the audience seemed to be looking at the moving mountains and rivers. Huge mountains and rivers are coming to life! More than a thousand years later, green mountains and rivers still wow people as they did long ago. In recent years, more and more modern shows highlight Chinese traditional culture and have received warm welcome, especially among young people. They show interest in Chinese culture and are proud of it. 1．What does the word they mean in paragraph 1? 2．What color is the Chinese landscape in A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains? 3．What does the dancers’ hairstyle look like? 4．According to the text, how do you like this poetic dance? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Chinese traditional painting and dance. 2．Blue-green. 3．A mountain rock. 4．It is amazing and brings the 900-year-old painting to life, showing the beauty of Chinese traditional culture. (合理即给分) 5．连绵起伏的山峦，在万里无云的晴空与波光粼粼的水面之间不断起伏跌宕。 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了舞蹈诗剧《只此青绿》如何从九百年前的国画《千里江山图》中汲取灵感，通过舞蹈、发饰和服装将画作中山水青绿的意境生动再现，并探讨了近年来此类展现传统文化的现代节目广受欢迎，尤其是受到年轻人喜爱的现象。 1．根据第一段“Chinese traditional painting and dance are two important parts of the art world. But what about when they meet each other?”可知，they指代上文提到的“Chinese traditional painting and dance”。故填Chinese traditional painting and dance. 2．根据第三段“It shows a Chinese blue-green landscape...”可知，《千里江山图》展现的是青绿色的山水景致。故填Blue-green. 3．根据第四段“The dancers each had a different hairstyle, which looked like a mountain rock.”可知，舞者们的发型看起来像山石。故填A mountain rock. 4．本题为开放性问答，要求评价这部舞蹈诗剧。结合文章描述，可从其艺术效果（惊艳、将古画生动再现）、文化意义（展现传统美）等方面回答。示例：它令人惊叹，让九百年的古画活了起来，展现了中国传统文化之美。故填It is amazing and brings the 900-year-old painting to life, showing the beauty of Chinese traditional culture. 5．mountains“山峦”；and groupings of“成群的……，一组组的……”；endless rise and fall“无尽的起伏/起伏跌宕”；between...and...“在……和……之间”；cloudless sky“万里无云的晴空”；rippling water“波光粼粼的水面/荡漾的水”。故填：连绵起伏的山峦，在万里无云的晴空与波光粼粼的水面之间不断起伏跌宕。 Passage 5 Do you know a famous saying “(④) Life is like a box of chocolates, and you never know what you will get.”? The surprise is part of the fun. Now blind boxes are quite popular. Merchants (商家) fill the boxes with toys which usually come from movies, comics and cartoons. The earliest blind boxes originated in Japan. It was a New Year’s tradition. At that time, they called it “a lucky bag”. (⑤) 2014年盲盒被引进到中国。According to a 2019 Tmall (天猫) report, the mini-series of the Labubu blind box sold 55,000 units in just 9 seconds during the Singles Day shopping event. Most customers for blind boxes are young people aged 18 to 35. According to The Paper, blind box toys are popular in part because of their cute appearances. The cute mini-sized cartoon toys are suitable to place almost anywhere. What’s more, even if blind box toys are not their top choice for decorations, the mystery and uncertainty of the process also attract people. It’s the main reason why people buy blind boxes one after another. Opening a blind box is a pleasant little surprise for our daily lives. When people open this simple little box, they may be disappointed, but the uncertainty is part of the fun. People will open more blind boxes and hope for a better outcome. In fact, although the magical mystery boxes are full of fun, we should come to a rational (理智的) decision. 1．What is filled in the blind boxes? 2．What was the earliest blind box called in Japan? 3．Do you like opening blind boxes? Why or why not? 4．请将划线句子翻译成中文。 5．请将划线句子翻译成英文。 【答案】1．Toys which usually come from movies, comics and cartoons. 2．It was called “a lucky bag”. 3．Yes, because it is a pleasant little surprise for our daily lives./ because the blind box toys are cute./ because I like the mystery and uncertainty of the process./ because the magical mystery boxes are full of fun. No, because I might be disappointed if the blind box toys are not my top choice. 1．生活就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道你将会得到什么。/生活就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道接下来的那块是什么（味道的）。 2．Blind boxes were introduced/ brought to China in 3. 【导语】本文主要介绍了盲盒的起源、流行原因及给人们生活带来的影响，指出人们应理性对待盲盒消费。 1．根据“Merchants fill the boxes with toys which usually come from movies, comics and cartoons.”可知，盲盒里装着通常来自电影、漫画和卡通的玩具，故填Toys which usually come from movies, comics and cartoons. 2．根据“The earliest blind boxes originated in Japan...At that time, they called it ‘a lucky bag’.”可知，最早的盲盒在日本被称为 “福袋”，故填It was called “a lucky bag”. 3．本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，结合自身喜好和理由作答即可。故填Yes, because it is a pleasant little surprise for our daily lives./ because the blind box toys are cute./ because I like the mystery and uncertainty of the process./ because the magical mystery boxes are full of fun. No, because I might be disappointed if the blind box toys are not my top choice. 4．“Life is like a box of chocolates”是“生活就像一盒巧克力”；“and you never know what you will get”是“你永远不知道下一颗是什么味道”，故填：生活就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道你将会得到什么。/生活就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道接下来的那块是什么（味道的）。 5．“2014 年”是“In 2014”，做时间状语，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式；“盲盒”是“blind boxes”；“被引进到中国”是“were introduced/ brought to China”，为一般过去时的被动语态，故填Blind boxes were introduced/ brought to China in 2014. Passage 6 Hunan Super League, or “Xiang Chao” in Chinese, is a soccer game among cities in Hunan. It was held from September to December in 2025. The matches were so popular that millions of people watched them on the field or on TV. The players come from different backgrounds, they are sellers, drivers, students, and so on. They are between 16 and 40 years old. But once they wear their team uniforms and step onto the field, they play for one thing: their love of football. You can see the joy and determination on every player’s face during the match. What makes Xiang Chao special is its grassroots spirit (草根精神) . One famous team is Yongzhou’s “Beggar Team”. They got this name because they have very simple facilities (设施) and little money. They even borrowed scoreboards from train stations and used bus seats for fans. Still, their hard work and love for football made them Internet stars. Their story inspires many people to never give up on their dreams. Xiang Chao is not just about football. It also helps share Hunan’s culture. Fans can get cheap tickets to scenic spots (景点) , hotels, and local food. There are also events like opera and tea shows. Xiang Chao shows that football’s joy doesn’t come from big stadiums or famous players. It comes from love for their hometown and fans’ unity. It celebrates grassroots culture and the power of sports. In Xiang Chao, every ordinary person can shine and feel the warmth of teamwork and community support. 1．When did “Xiang Chao” begin in 2025? 2．Why is Yongzhou’s team called the “Beggar Team”? 3．What benefits do fans get besides watching football matches? 4．What is your favorite sport or physical activity? Why? 5．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 【答案】1．In September. 2．Because they have very simple facilities and little money./Because their facilities are simple and they have little money. 3．They can get cheap tickets to scenic spots, hotels, and local food, and also enjoy events like opera and tea shows. 4．My favorite sport is swimming. Because it is a great full-body exercise that makes me feel relaxed and strong. 5．它弘扬草根文化和体育的力量。在湘超联赛中，每个普通人都能闪光，并感受到团队合作与社区支持的温暖。 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了2025年举办的湖南足球超级联赛（湘超），重点阐述了其草根特色（如参赛球员的多元背景、永州“乞丐队”的励志故事）、推动湖南文化传播的作用，以及它所体现的体育精神与社区力量。 1．根据第一段“It was held from September to December in 2025.”可知，湘超联赛于2025年9月开始。故填In September. 2．根据第三段“One famous team is Yongzhou’s ‘Beggar Team’. They got this name because they have very simple facilities and little money.”可知，永州队被称为“乞丐队”是因为他们的设施非常简陋且资金匮乏。故填Because they have very simple facilities and little money./Because their facilities are simple and they have little money. 3．根据第四段“Fans can get cheap tickets to scenic spots, hotels, and local food. There are also events like opera and tea shows.”可知，除了看球赛，球迷们还能获得景点、酒店和当地美食的优惠票，并欣赏到戏曲和茶艺表演等活动。故填They can get cheap tickets to scenic spots, hotels, and local food, and also enjoy events like opera and tea shows. 4．本题为开放性问答，要求说明自己最喜欢的运动或体育活动及原因。示例选择了游泳并给出了理由（全身锻炼、让人感到放松和强壮）。故填My favorite sport is swimming. Because it is a great full-body exercise that makes me feel relaxed and strong. 5． It“它”；celebrates“庆祝/弘扬”；grassroots culture“草根文化”；and“和”；the power of sports“体育的力量”。In“在”；Xiang Chao“湘超”；every ordinary person“每个普通人”；can shine“能闪光”；and“并”；feel the warmth“感受到温暖”；of teamwork and community support“团队合作与社区支持的”。故填：它弘扬草根文化和体育的力量。在湘超联赛中，每个普通人都能闪光，并感受到团队合作与社区支持的温暖。 Passage 7 My name is Leo. As a quiet boy, I often felt lonely, especially after moving to a new city in seventh grade. My comfort came from music. Watching The Sound of Music was a turning point. The song Do-Re-Mi taught me that happiness can start from simple things. It also gave me courage. Noticing my change, my English teacher suggested I join the school choir (合唱团). I was nervous, but singing with others made me feel truly connected for the first time. I learned about teamwork and found my own voice. The experience also changed my taste. Before, I only listened to music for fun. Now, I pay attention to how different songs reflect different feelings. A rock song might give me energy before a test, while a calm piano piece helps me focus. This journey has washed away my shyness and loneliness. Music helped me understand myself and connect with others, turning me into a more confident person. 1．How did Leo feel when he moved to a new city in seventh grade? 2．What did Leo learn from the song Do-Re-Mi? 3．Who suggested Leo join the school choir? 4．What kind of music do you like? Why? 5．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 【答案】1．He felt lonely. 2．He learned that happiness can start from simple things, and the song gave him courage. 3．His English teacher. 4．I like pop music because it has catchy tunes and the lyrics are often about feelings I can relate to. It makes me happy and helps me relax. 5．音乐帮助我了解自己，并与他人建立联系，让我成为了一个更加自信的人。 【导语】本文是记叙文，主要讲述了内向的Leo在七年级搬到新城市后倍感孤独，音乐成为他的慰藉，《音乐之声》中的歌曲改变了他，在英语老师的建议下加入学校合唱团后，Leo不仅学会了团队合作、找到了自我，还改变了对音乐的理解，最终音乐驱散了他的羞怯与孤独，让他成为一个更加自信的人。 1．根据“As a quiet boy, I often felt lonely, especially after moving to a new city in seventh grade.”可知，Leo七年级搬到新城市时感到很孤独。故填He felt lonely. 2．根据“The song Do-Re-Mi taught me that happiness can start from simple things. It also gave me courage.”可知，Leo从《哆来咪》这首歌中懂得了快乐可以从简单的事情开始，这首歌也给了他勇气。故填He learned that happiness can start from simple things, and the song gave him courage. 3．根据“my English teacher suggested I join the school choir”可知，是Leo的英语老师建议他加入学校合唱团的。故填His English teacher. 4．本题为开放性试题，可结合自身喜好作答，示例：I like pop music because it has catchy tunes and the lyrics are often about feelings I can relate to. It makes me happy and helps me relax. （回答合理即可） 5．本题考查英译汉，“help sb. do sth.”意为“帮助某人做某事”，“connect with others”意为“与他人建立联系”，“turn sb. into...”意为“使某人成为……”，结合句式和短语翻译即可。故填：音乐帮助我了解自己，并与他人建立联系，让我成为了一个更加自信的人。 Passage 8 Do you know this famous book? The book shows the power of education. If you grew up in an unusual family and felt weighed down by heavy thoughts, how would you change your life story? In the book Educated, the US writer Tara Westover shows us how she deals with hard times. The book talks about Westover’s life. Before she turned 17, she had never traveled outside her small mountain village in Idaho, US. It’s a very far place, and her family was very conservative (保守的). None of the kids in her family, including Westover herself, had ever been to a school or a hospital. As she got older, she felt like getting away from her uncomfortable situation, so Westover went to college and later got a PhD in history at Cambridge University with her hard work and the encouragement of her brother. Education changed her, her life, her way of thinking and even her luck. Westover said, “Education means breaking free from the limits (限制) of my family and becoming a better person.” In fact, education is a really important and beautiful word. It allows girls like Westover to enter a bigger world, letting them fly like birds toward their own goals. It allows us to get a different opinion, find new experiences, better understand others and explore (探索) the wider world. I wish for all of us to be like free and powerful birds, growing and changing through challenges and difficulties. 1．Who wrote the book Educated? 2．Why did Westover try to go to college? 3．What did education mean according to Westover? 4．Do you want to read this book? Why or why not? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Tara Westover. 2．Because she felt like getting away from her uncomfortable situation. 3．Education means breaking free from the limits of her family and becoming a better person. 4．Yes, I do. Because it shows the power of education and can inspire people to pursue a better self. 5．它让我们能够接触不同的观点，获得全新的体验，更好地理解他人，探索更为广阔的世界。 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了《你当像鸟飞往你的山》这本书的内容和主题，通过讲述作者Tara Westover的成长经历，强调了教育的重要性和力量。 1．根据文章第一段“In the book Educated, the US writer Tara Westover shows us how she deals with hard times.”可知，这本书的作者是美国作家Tara Westover。故填Tara Westover. 2．根据文章第二段“As she got older, she felt like getting away from her uncomfortable situation, so Westover went to college...”可知，Westover想上大学是因为她想摆脱自己不舒服的处境。故填Because she felt like getting away from her uncomfortable situation. 3．根据文章第三段“Westover said, ‘Education means breaking free from the limits of my family and becoming a better person.’”可知，根据Westover的说法，教育意味着摆脱家庭的限制，成为一个更好的人。故填Education means breaking free from the limits of her family and becoming a better person. 4．根据文章内容和个人理解，可以回答想读或不想读这本书，并给出相应的理由。例如，想读这本书是因为它展示了教育的力量，能够激励人们追求更好的自己；或者不想读这本书是因为对这类主题不感兴趣等。故填Yes, I do. Because it shows the power of education and can inspire people to pursue a better self. 5．It allows us to“它让我们能够”；get a different opinion“接触不同的观点”；find new experiences“获得全新的体验”；better understand others“更好地理解他人”；explore (探索) the wider world“探索更为广阔的世界”。故填：它让我们能够接触不同的观点，获得全新的体验，更好地理解他人，探索更为广阔的世界。 Passage 9 Everyone has dreams, but not everyone knows how to realize them. In fact, there are some practical and clear steps you can take to make your dreams come true. The first step to achieve your dreams is to set clear and right goals. Unclear goals will only make you feel confused and lose your way, so you’d better write down exactly what you want to achieve and divide it into smaller and more achievable steps. These tiny but clear steps can help you stay focused and become motivated (有动力的) day by day. Once you have your goals in mind, you can make a detailed plan about how you will achieve them. Make a timeline for each step, mark the specific deadlines and be strictly responsible for yourself. It’s not enough to just have a plan— you need to take real action to make your dreams come true. Achieving your dreams can be a long and difficult journey full of challenges, so staying motivated along the way is really important. When you make progress or succeed, don’t forget to celebrate it. In order to stay motivated, you can celebrate your success with someone who supports you, like your family or friends. 5. Success makes you happy and confident, so keep working hard towards your next dream bravely. 1．According to the text, what’s the first step to achieve dreams? 2．What should you do after making a detailed plan for your goals? 3．How can you stay motivated on the journey of achieving dreams? 4．What other ways do you have to help you realize your dreams? 5．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 【答案】1．To set clear and right goals. 2．We need to take real action to make our dreams come true. 3．We can celebrate our progress or success with someone who supports us, like our family or friends. 4．I can find a role model to learn from, or join a community of people with similar dreams to encourage each other. 5．成功会让你感到快乐和自信，所以勇敢地继续为下一个梦想努力吧。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了实现梦想的几个具体步骤，包括设定清晰目标、制定详细计划、采取实际行动以及保持动力等，旨在指导人们如何一步步让梦想成真。 1．根据“The first step to achieve your dreams is to set clear and right goals.”可知，实现梦想的第一步是设定清晰且正确的目标。故填To set clear and right goals. 2．根据“It’s not enough to just have a plan—you need to take real action to make your dreams come true.”可知，在为目标制定详细计划后，需要采取实际行动来实现梦想。故填We need to take real action to make our dreams come true. 3．根据“When you make progress or succeed, don’t forget to celebrate it. In order to stay motivated, you can celebrate your success with someone who supports you, like your family or friends.”可知，在实现梦想的过程中，可以通过庆祝进步或成功，和支持自己的人一起分享喜悦来保持动力。故填We can celebrate our progress or success with someone who supports us, like our family or friends. 4．本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，结合自身实际提出合理方法即可。故答案为I can find a role model to learn from, or join a community of people with similar dreams to encourage each other. 5．根据画线句“Success makes you happy and confident, so keep working hard towards your next dream bravely.”可知，这句话可翻译为：成功会让你感到快乐和自信，所以勇敢地继续为下一个梦想努力吧。故填：成功会让你感到快乐和自信，所以勇敢地继续为下一个梦想努力吧。 Passage 10 In many British schools, the pupils usually wear their school uniforms to school on weekdays. However, recently the students at LVS Ascot Junior School in England wore something quite different. What they wore was what people wear when they go to bed— pajamas (睡衣) . They did this for fun and also for a local charity (慈善) called Christopher’s Smile. Christopher’s Smile was set up in 2008 by Karen and Kevin Capel whose only son Christopher died of cancer (癌症) at a young age. Christopher’s Smile aims to raise money for more research into children’s cancers. Since then, the charity has raised a lot of money and gotten more and more volunteers. The students of Grade 6 at LVS Ascot Junior School organized the event Pajama Day to support Christopher’s Smile. “We wanted to raise money for our charity in a way that the whole school could join in it so each pupil paid 1 pound to wear his or her pajama to school on Pajama Day,” said a young organizer. Both the students and their teachers took part in the event with great interest. Together they not only raised some money, but also had a good time. 1．Why did the students at LVS Ascot Junior School wear pajamas to school? 2．When was the charity called Christopher’s Smile set up? 3．What is the purpose of setting up Christopher’s Smile? 4．Would you like to take part in the “Pajama Day” if you were a student in LVS Ascot Junior School? Why? 5．请将文中划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．They did this for fun and also for a local charity called Christopher’s Smile. 2．It was set up in 3 . 4．It aims to raise money for more research into children’s cancers. 5．Yes, I’d like to. Because it’s a fun way to support a good cause and help children with cancer. 6．自那之后，该慈善机构已筹集了大量资金，并且吸引了越来越多的志愿者。 【导语】本文主要介绍了英国LVS Ascot Junior School的学生们举办“睡衣日”活动，为儿童癌症慈善机构筹款的故事。 1．根据第一段“They did this for fun and also for a local charity called Christopher’s Smile.”可知，学生们穿睡衣上学是为了好玩，同时也为当地的慈善机构Christopher’s Smile筹款。故填They did this for fun and also for a local charity called Christopher’s Smile. 2．根据第二段“Christopher’s Smile was set up in 2008 by Karen and Kevin Capel…”可知，这个慈善机构成立于2008年。故填It was set up in 2008. 3．根据第二段“Christopher’s Smile aims to raise money for more research into children’s cancers.”可知，该机构的目的是为儿童癌症的更多研究筹集资金。故填It aims to raise money for more research into children’s cancers. 4．本题为开放性题目，答案不唯一，结合文章合理作答即可。故填Yes, I’d like to. Because it’s a fun way to support a good cause and help children with cancer. 5．Since then“自那之后”；the charity“该慈善机构”；has raised a lot of money“已经筹集了大量资金”； and“并且”；gotten more and more volunteers“吸引了越来越多的志愿者”。故填：自那之后，该慈善机构已经筹集了大量资金，并且吸引了越来越多的志愿者。 Passage 11 Look at this Labubu below. It is not a toy. It is a pancake! At a night market in Chengdu, a store sells cartoon pancakes, such as Hello Kitty and Pikachu. The store owner, Zeng Yaxin, was an art teacher. Now she uses her art skills to cook pancakes. She first draws the shape with chocolate sauce (酱). Then, she fills it with the mixture of flour (面粉), milk and eggs. How to make it with more colors? Zeng’s secret is to use fruit or vegetable juice. A cartoon pancake sells for more than 15 yuan. Some cartoons are hard to draw. It can take Zeng about 20 minutes. But people are happy to wait for the lovely food which brings them joy. What makes her pancakes even more special is how she combines art with everyday food. Each pancake is like a small piece of art. Customers, especially children, are often amazed when they see their favorite characters come to life on a pan. Zeng says that the most challenging part is keeping the shape perfect while cooking, as the batter (面糊) can easily spread. She has practiced for months to control the heat and time. Although the process requires patience and skill, Zeng finds it worthy to see people’s smiles when they receive their pancakes. Many customers take photos to share online, making her store popular on social media. For Zeng, this is not just a job—it’s a creative way to spread happiness through delicious and beautiful food. 1．Is the Labubu a toy in the first paragraph? 2．What is Zeng’s secret of making the pancakes with more colors? 3．Why is keeping the shape perfect the most challenging part for Zeng? 4．What can you learn from Zeng Yaxin? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．No, it isn’t. 2．Using fruit or vegetable juice. 3．Because the batter can easily spread. 4．We can learn to combine creativity with skills and spread happiness through our work. 5．但人们很乐意等待这些能给他们带来快乐的可爱食物。 【导语】本文主要介绍了成都夜市上一位前美术教师曾雅欣将艺术与日常美食结合，制作卡通煎饼的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Look at this Labubu below. It is not a toy. It is a pancake!”可知，Labubu不是玩具。故填No, it isn’t. 27．根据第二段“Zeng’s secret is to use fruit or vegetable juice”可知，曾雅欣的秘诀是使用水果或蔬菜汁。故填Using fruit or vegetable juice. 3．根据第三段“the most challenging part is keeping the shape perfect while cooking, as the batter can easily spread”可知，最困难的是面糊容易扩散导致难以保持完美形状。故填Because the batter can easily spread. 4．通过全文可知，曾雅欣将艺术创意融入美食制作，坚持不懈地练习技艺，用美食传递快乐。故填We can learn to combine creativity with skills and spread happiness through our work. 5．But“但是”；people“人们”；are happy to do sth很开心做某事；wait for等待；the lovely food可爱食物；which brings them joy“这给他们带来快乐”。故填：但人们很乐意等待这些能给他们带来快乐的可爱食物。 Passage 12 Gui Haichao is a university teacher. He dreamed of flying to space. And that dream has now come true. How did he build his dream? He had a strong belief and kept working hard. After all, Rome wasn’t built in one day. Gui Haichao said, “Miracles always favor the light-chasers who dare to strive and never give up. Gui was born in a family in southwest China’s Yunnan Province. He has been a big fan of science since he was young. At the age of 17, he learned about the news of Yang Liwei’s spaceflight. It inspired him. He has never stopped dreaming about going to space ever since. In 2005, he went to Beihang University. After nine years of study, he went to Canada for further study. He returned in 2017 and began to teach at Beihang University. In 2018, when Gui had the chance to start training for flying to space, he jumped at it. At first, the training was hard for him. But he didn’t give up. He did more exercises, asked for help and used different training ways. Finally, he improved a lot. Gui is a sports lover who enjoys running, biking and swimming. He has kept up his exercise routine for all these years. A student of his said, “Whenever we went to see him, he was running.” According to Gui, being in good health improves his work results. For his students, Gui is a wonderful teacher. He always tries his best to help them. Although he is busy, he still reads their papers carefully. A student said, “During his training, he still read my papers. Sometimes, during dinner time, he called me to give me great advice.” 1．Who inspired Gui Haichao’s dream of flying to space? 2．How long did Gui Haichao study in Beihang University? 3．What sports does Gui Haichao enjoy doing? 4．Do you want to be a man like Gui Haichao? Why or why not? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Yang Liwei. 2．He studied at Beihang University for nine years. 3．He enjoys running, biking and swimming. 4．Yes, because his perseverance and dedication to both personal dreams and teaching are admirable. 5．罗马不是一天建成的。 【导语】本文讲述桂海潮怀揣航天梦，受杨利伟激励刻苦求学、坚持训练，最终圆梦太空，他也坚持运动、尽心教导学生的故事。 1．根据“At the age of 17, he learned about the news of Yang Liwei’s spaceflight. It inspired him.”可知，杨利伟激励了桂海潮的太空飞行梦想，故填Yang Liwei. 2．根据“In 2005, he went to Beihang University. After nine years of study, he went to Canada for further study.”可知，桂海潮在北航学习了九年，故填He studied at Beihang University for nine years. 3．根据“Gui is a sports lover who enjoys running, biking and swimming.”可知，桂海潮喜欢跑步、骑自行车和游泳，故填He enjoys running, biking and swimming. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可，故填Yes, because his perseverance and dedication to both personal dreams and teaching are admirable. 5．Rome“罗马”；wasn’t built“不是被建造的”，一般过去时的被动语态；in one day“在一天之内”。故填：罗马不是一天建成的。 Passage 13 Imagine a place where ancient cities were built one on top of the other! That’s what archaeologists (考古学家) found in Kaifeng, Henan Province. Over the past years, archaeologists have been digging deep underground and discovering a great scene—six different ancient cities, all piled up (堆积) one by one! Different rulers built these cities over the past 2,200 years. The first one, Daliang, was started by the King of Wei in 364 BC． After that, many more rulers took over and built their new cities on top of the old ones. The archaeologists think this happened because the Yellow River flooded (淹没) the area many times over the centuries. When the water went down, people would build a new city right on top of the old one that got buried. The head of the archaeology team, Mr. Qiu, said that this “city upon city” discovery is like solving a mystery that people in Kaifeng have been asking about for ages. 4.他们总是想知道有多少城市被埋藏在他们的脚下。And now they finally know—six! It’s a fun piece of history, hidden underground for centuries. Archaeologists are still learning more about these ancient cities. 5.I think they might discover some other secrets! 1．Where are the six ancient cities? 2．When was the first one of the six ancient cities started? 3．According to the archaeologists, why did the six ancient cities pile up one by one? 4．将短文中画线句子翻译成英文。 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．They are in Kaifeng, Henan Province. 2．The first one was started in 364 BC. 3．Because the Yellow River flooded the area many times over the centuries. 4．They always wondered how many cities were buried under their feet. 5．我认为他们可能会发现其他一些秘密！ 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了考古学家在河南省开封市发现六座不同时期的古代城市堆叠在一起的现象，并分析了其原因。 1．根据“That’s what archaeologists (考古学家) found in Kaifeng, Henan Province.”可知，这六座古城在河南省开封市。故填They are in Kaifeng, Henan Province. 2．根据“The first one, Daliang, was started by the King of Wei in 364 BC.”可知，第一座古城始建于公元前364年。故填The first one was started in 364 BC. 3．根据“The archaeologists think this happened because the Yellow River flooded (淹没) the area many times over the centuries.”可知，古城堆叠是由于黄河几个世纪以来多次淹没该地区。故填Because the Yellow River flooded the area many times over the centuries. 4．他们：They，作主句主语，所以用主格，置于句首，首字母大写；总是：always；想知道：wondered，此处描述过去的事件，应用一般过去时，所以谓语动词用过去式；多少城市：how many cities，其中how many引导宾语从句，修饰复数名词cities；被埋藏：were buried，从句主语cities是动作的承受者，且为复数，时态是一般过去时，所以从句使用了一般过去时的被动语态（were+过去分词）；在他们的脚下：under their feet。故填They always wondered how many cities were buried under their feet. 5．I think“我认为”；they“他们”；might“可能”；discover“发现”；some other secrets“其他一些秘密”。故填：我认为他们可能会发现其他一些秘密！ Passage 14 The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. There are different stories about the umbrella in China. The most popular one is related to Lu Ban. One day, Lu Ban and his younger sister visited the West Lake. It started raining suddenly. The sister said, “Let’s have a competition, before sunrise tomorrow, who comes up with a way to make it possible for people to visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the winner.” Lu Ban thought it was easy. He collected some tools and materials and spent the whole night building 10 pavilions (凉亭) around the lake. The next morning, when Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud, his sister held something unusual in her hand, it could be opened into a round shape. What is it? After a while, he found the object which was made of silk and bamboo could be opened and closed easily. Lu Ban said, “You win. It was light, beautiful and easy to carry. And it can also protect us from rain.” So the umbrella was invented. Later when paper was invented, people used much cheaper paper to replace (替代) silk, cutting the cost of umbrellas. To make the umbrella waterproof (防水的), people brushed oil across the surface. That was how the oil-paper umbrella was invented. Now, most people use modern umbrellas in their daily lives, while oil-paper umbrellas have gone into decline (走下坡路). But in 1990, Dai Gensheng, a local of Jialu Village, set up the Jialu oil-paper umbrella factory to protect and pass on (传承) the traditional handicraft (手工艺). So far, the oil-paper umbrellas produced by Dai’s company have been exported (出口) to 28 countries. “We receive nearly 600 tourists a day. And the center also attracts many foreign tourists. 它能给人们一个机会去了解中国文化。” said Dai. 1—3题回答问题；4题英译汉；5题中译英。 1．How long ago was the oil-paper umbrella invented? 2．How could people make the umbrella waterproof? 3．Why did Dai Gensheng set up the Jialu oil-paper umbrella factory? 4． 5． 【答案】1．Over 1,000 years. 2．People brushed oil across the surface of the umbrella. 3．To protect and pass on the traditional handicraft of oil-paper umbrellas. 4．这个由丝绸和竹子制成的物品能轻松地打开和关闭。 5．It can give people a chance to learn about Chinese culture. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中国油纸伞的发明典故、发展历程，以及当代对这一传统手工艺的保护与传承。 1．根据第一段“The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China.”可知，油纸伞已有超过1000年的历史。故填Over 1,000 years. 2．根据第四段“To make the umbrella waterproof (防水的), people brushed oil across the surface.”可知，人们通过在伞面刷油的方式让伞防水。故填People brushed oil across the surface of the umbrella. 3．根据第五段“Dai Gensheng...set up the Jialu oil-paper umbrella factory to protect and pass on (传承) the traditional handicraft (手工艺品).”可知，戴根盛建厂是为了保护和传承油纸伞这一传统手工艺。故填To protect and pass on the traditional handicraft of oil-paper umbrellas. 4．“the object”“这个物品”，作主语；“which was made of silk and bamboo”“由丝绸和竹子制成的”（定语从句修饰 “物品”）；“could be opened and closed easily”“能轻松地打开和关闭”，作谓语。结合语义，故填：这个由丝绸和竹子制成的物品能轻松地打开和关闭。 5．“它”“it”，作主语；“能”“can”，情态动词；“给人们一个机会”“give people a chance”；“去了解中国文化”“to learn about Chinese culture”，是不定式短语作后置定语修饰“chance”。结合语法及语义，故填It can give people a chance to learn about Chinese culture. Passage 15 Skipping to victory (跳绳致胜) 周琦是一个来自浙江杭州的17岁的学生。 In April, 2023 he broke the Guinness (吉尼斯) World Record for the most single skips (跳绳) in one minute, with a result of 374. The record had stood unbroken for ten years. Daisuke Mimura from Japan held it with 348 skips in 2013. Interestingly, Zhou Qi’s new record is not even his personal best. “My best performance was 398 times in one minute. That was done in the 3rd Primary and Secondary School Students’ Rope Skipping Championship in 2022. My teacher said I had already broken the world record. It was at that time that I made up my mind to apply for the Guinness World Record,” Zhou said. However, the road to success was far from smooth. For years, Zhou practised with a special steel rope designed for competition. It’s light and strong. But because of the rope he used, his first Guinness application was considered invalid (无效的). After online communication with the records management team, Zhou quickly changed to a common rope recognized (认可) by the Guinness World Records. He soon got used to it. Whatever kind of rope Zhou used, his strict training stood him in good sporting condition. Zhou has been on the school rope skipping team for seven years. He has jumped rope for about four hours each day. He would also run around the playground to improve his physical strength. Now a high school student, Zhou said he’ll put his studies first. But he won’t stop training and still hopes to beat his own record one day. 1．将短文画线的句子翻译成英文。 2．When did Zhou Qi break the Guinness World Record for the most single skips? 3．Is Zhou Qi’s new record his personal best? 4．Why was Zhou Qi’s first Guinness application considered invalid? 5．将短文画线的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Zhou Qi is a 17-year-old student from Hangzhou, Zhejiang. 2．In April, 3. 4．No, it isn’t. 5．Because of the rope he used. 6．他每天跳绳约4小时。 【导语】本文主要讲述了来自浙江杭州的17岁学生周琦打破吉尼斯世界纪录的过程，包括他的个人最佳成绩、成功之路的坎坷、训练情况以及未来的打算。 1．“一个17岁的学生”可译为“a 17-year-old student”，“来自浙江杭州”可译为“from Hangzhou, Zhejiang”。故填Zhou Qi is a 17-year-old student from Hangzhou, Zhejiang. 2．根据第一段“In April, 2023 he broke the Guinness (吉尼斯) World Record for the most single skips (跳绳) in one minute”可知，周琦在2023年4月打破了一分钟内跳绳次数最多的吉尼斯世界纪录。故填In April, 2023. 3．根据第二段“Interestingly, Zhou Qi’s new record is not even his personal best.”可知，周琦的新纪录并不是他的个人最佳成绩。故填No, it isn’t. 4．根据第三段“But because of the rope he used, his first Guinness application was considered invalid (无效的).”可知，因为他使用的绳子，他的第一次吉尼斯申请被认为是无效的。故填Because of the rope he used. 5．“has jumped rope”表示“跳绳”，“for about four hours”表示“大约4小时”，“each day”表示“每天”。故填：他每天跳绳约4小时。 Passage 16 Recently, a new kind of tourism called special forces style tourism (特种兵式旅游) is becoming popular in China. This new kind of tourism means visiting tourist attractions in a short intense period. People who like taking photos and making recordings may choose this kind of tourism. With the popularity of social media, people prefer presenting their photos and get “likes” from their friends. At the same time, tourist attractions provide some special photo slots (打卡点) to attract visitors. Therefore, special forces style tourism has become a way for people to show their lives and experiences by sharing photos and recordings, which makes people get a sense of satisfaction. ④ Not all Chinese people enjoy special forces style tourism. Many people prefer to take a long vacation to go to a place for detailed tourism and experience the local way of life. They tend to enjoy slow-paced (慢速的) deep travel, by staying for a long time to gain a deeper understanding of local culture, customs, and experience local life. The slow-paced travel focuses more on feelings and experiences. However, special forces tours do not necessarily mean that you have not fully experienced the charm of tourism. People remember the details of their travels more deeply by taking photos and recording them. These photos have become an important way for them to recall their travels, so they are not just looking at them without feeling them. The value of tourism lies in discovery, experience, and perception (感知). Therefore, whether it is special forces style tourism or slow-paced deep travel, ⑤ 它值得尊敬和理解. We should all feel the scenery of the journey with our hearts, see with our eyes and walk with our feet. 1．Who may choose the special forces style tourism according to the passage? 2．What does the value of tourism lie in? 3．Which would you like to choose, special forces style tourism or slow-paced deep travel? Why? 4．把划线部分翻译成中文。 5．把划线部分翻译成英文。 【答案】1．People who like taking photos and making recordings. 2．Discovery, experience, and perception. 3．I would like to choose slow-paced deep travel. Because it allows for a more immersive cultural experience and provides a relaxing travel experience that enables true appreciation of the destinations. 4．并非所有中国人都喜欢特种兵式旅游。 5．it is worth respecting and understanding. 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国一种新兴的旅游方式——特种兵式旅游，并对比了特种兵式旅游与慢节奏深度旅行的差异，以及讨论了旅游的价值所在。 1．根据“People who like taking photos and making recordings may choose this kind of tourism”可知，喜欢拍照和录音的人可以选择特种兵式旅游。故填People who like taking photos and making recordings. 2．根据“The value of tourism lies in discovery, experience, and perception”可知，旅游的价值在于发现、体验和感知。故填Discovery, experience, and perception. 3．该题为开放性试题，答案合理即可。故填I would like to choose slow-paced deep travel. Because it allows for a more immersive cultural experience and provides a relaxing travel experience that enables true appreciation of the destinations. 4．“Not all Chinese people”意为“并非所有中国人”；enjoy意为“喜欢”；“special forces style tourism”意为“特种兵式旅游”，故填：并非所有中国人都喜欢特种兵式旅游。 5．由全文可知，该句为一般现在时。“它”为it，作主语；“值得做某事”为be worth doing，主语为it，be动词用is；“尊重和理解”为respect and understand，故填it is worth respecting and understanding. 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $