Unit 5词汇讲义 2025-2026学年外研版英语七年级下册

七年级英语下册Unit5词汇讲义 一、单词分类（Word Classification） 1. 名词（Nouns） 单词 中文 复数形式 常见搭配 plateau 高原 ______ on the plateau / Tibetan Plateau cloud 云 ______ white cloud / in the clouds sky 天空 ______ blue sky / in the sky grassland 草原 ______ vast grassland / on the grassland field 田地；田野 ______ in the field / field of wheat restaurant 饭店 ______ in a restaurant / fast food restaurant present 礼物 ______ birthday present / give a present diary 日记 ______ keep a diary / write in a diary tide 潮汐 ______ high tide / low tide metre 米 ______ square metre / metre ruler exhibition 展览会 ______ art exhibition / hold an exhibition lungfish 肺鱼 ______ African lungfish lung 肺 ______ healthy lungs / lung cancer scientist 科学家 ______ famous scientist / research scientist land 陆地 ______ on land / fertile land surface 表面 ______ on the surface / surface area level 水平高度 ______ sea level / high level wood 木头 ______ made of wood / wooden glacier 冰川 ______ melting glacier / glacier national park climate 气候 ______ warm climate / climate change 2. 动词（Verbs） 单词 中文 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 固定搭配 express 表达 ______ ______ ______ express oneself / express feelings describe 描述 ______ ______ ______ describe as / describe in detail develop 发展 ______ ______ ______ develop into / develop skills die 消失；死亡 ______ ______ ______ die out / die of lie 躺 ______ ______ ______ lie down / lie on the bed flow 流动 ______ ______ ______ flow into / flow through suggest 暗示；建议 ______ ______ ______ suggest doing / suggest that disappear 消失 ______ ______ ______ disappear from / disappear into 3. 形容词（Adjectives） 单词 中文 副词形式 比较级 反义词 soft 柔软的 ______ ______ hard calm 镇静的 ______ ______ excited proud 自豪的 ______ ______ ashamed salty 咸的 ______ ______ fresh only 唯一的 ______ —— many less 更少的 ______ —— more 4. 副词（Adverbs） 单词 中文 比较级 用法 most 最 —— most interesting / most of all brightly 明亮地 ______ shine brightly / smile brightly aloud 出声地 —— read aloud / think aloud however 然而 —— 常用于句首或句中，后加逗号 5. 介词/连词（Prepositions/Conjunctions） 单词 中文 用法 above ______ above the clouds / above all than ______ bigger than / more than if ______ if从句（主将从现） 6. 限定词（Determiners） 单词 中文 用法 few 很少的 a few（几个）/ few（几乎没有） less ______ less than / less money 7. 短语（写出中文） 短语 中文 such as ______ die out ______ sea level ______ 二、重点单词用法与固定搭配（填空） 1. express – 表达 - 例句：He expressed his feelings in a letter. 2. describe – 描述 - 搭配：describe sb./sth. ______... - 例句：She described him as kind and helpful. 3. develop – 发展；成长 - 例句：The company developed quickly. 4. lie – 躺（注意与lay（放置）和lie（撒谎）区分） - 例句：He lay on the sofa watching TV. 5. flow – 流动 - 例句：The river flows into the sea. 6. suggest – 建议；暗示 - 结构：suggest doing / suggest that... - 例句：He suggested going for a walk. 7. disappear – 消失 - 例句：The sun disappeared behind the clouds. 8. few / a few – ______ - few + 可数名词（否定意味） - a few + 可数名词（肯定意味） 9. less – 更少的（修饰不可数名词） - 例句：I have less money than you. 10. such as – ______ - 例句：I like sports, such as basketball and football. 11. most of all – ______ - 例句：Most of all, we need to stay calm. 12. die out – ______ - 例句：Many species have died out. 三、配套练习 练习一：根据句意及首字母提示写出单词 1. The Tibetan P__________ is very high. 2. The sky is blue and the c__________ are white. 3. She spoke s__________ and gently. 4. The sun shines b__________ in summer. 5. He is a c__________ person and never panics. 6. Please e__________ your ideas clearly. 7. The cattle are grazing on the g__________. 8. Farmers work in the f__________ all day. 9. We had dinner at a nice r__________. 10. She gave me a beautiful p__________ for my birthday. 练习二：用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. This is the __________ (good) gift I've ever received. 2. The __________ (scientist) are doing research in the lab. 3. The river __________ (flow) into the sea. 4. He __________ (lie) on the grass and watched the stars. 5. Many animals __________ (disappear) because of climate change. 6. She __________ (suggest) going to the cinema. 7. The soup is too __________ (salt). I can't drink it. 8. He is __________ (proud) of his achievements. 9. __________ (few) people came than I expected. 10. The __________ (exhibit) was very interesting. 练习三：用方框中的短语填空（注意适当形式） | such as | die out | most of all | less than | lie down | | flow into | express oneself | describe as | develop into | on the surface | 1. I like outdoor activities, __________ hiking and camping. 2. Many species have __________ due to human activity. 3. __________, we need to protect the environment. 4. I have __________ 10 dollars in my pocket. 5. If you're tired, you should __________ and rest. 6. The river __________ the sea. 7. She finds it hard to __________ in English. 8. He was __________ a genius by his teachers. 9. The small town __________ a big city. 10. The lake looks calm __________, but it's deep. 练习四：单项选择 1. The sky is clear and the ______ are white. A. clouds B. cloud C. cloudy D. clouded 2. She spoke ______ so that everyone could hear. A. aloud B. loudly C. loud D. aloudly 3. He is a ______ person and never gets angry. A. calm B. calmly C. calmness D. calmed 4. Can you ______ your feelings in words? A. express B. press C. impress D. stress 5. The river ______ into the lake. A. flows B. flies C. floats D. blows 6. Many animals ______ because of climate change. A. disappear B. appear C. show D. come 7. She gave me a beautiful ______ for my birthday. A. present B. presentment C. presence D. presently 8. I have ______ money than I need. A. less B. fewer C. little D. more 9. He was ______ as a hero by his people. A. described B. written C. told D. spoken 10. Most of all, we need to stay ______ in an emergency. A. calm B. excited C. nervous D. happy 练习五：翻译句子 1. 我喜欢户外运动，例如远足和露营。 ________________________________ 2. 许多物种由于气候变化而灭绝。 ________________________________ 3. 最重要的是，我们要保持冷静。 ________________________________ 4. 我的钱比你少。 ________________________________ 5. 如果你累了，就躺下休息。 ________________________________ 6. 这条河流入大海。 ________________________________ 7. 她很难用英语表达自己。 ________________________________ 8. 他被描述为一个天才。 ________________________________ 9. 这个小镇已经发展成为一个大城市。 ________________________________ 10. 湖面看起来很平静，但水下很深。 ________________________________ 【教师版】（含答案） 一、单词分类（Word Classification） 1. 名词（Nouns） 单词 中文 复数形式 常见搭配 plateau 高原 plateaus/plateaux on the plateau / Tibetan Plateau cloud 云 clouds white cloud / in the clouds sky 天空 skies blue sky / in the sky grassland 草原 grasslands vast grassland / on the grassland field 田地；田野 fields in the field / field of wheat restaurant 饭店 restaurants in a restaurant / fast food restaurant present 礼物 presents birthday present / give a present diary 日记 diaries keep a diary / write in a diary tide 潮汐 tides high tide / low tide metre 米 metres square metre / metre ruler exhibition 展览会 exhibitions art exhibition / hold an exhibition lungfish 肺鱼 lungfish/lungfishes African lungfish lung 肺 lungs healthy lungs / lung cancer scientist 科学家 scientists famous scientist / research scientist land 陆地 lands on land / fertile land surface 表面 surfaces on the surface / surface area level 水平高度 levels sea level / high level wood 木头 woods made of wood / wooden glacier 冰川 glaciers melting glacier / glacier national park climate 气候 climates warm climate / climate change 2. 动词（Verbs） 单词 中文 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 固定搭配 express 表达 expressed expressed expressing express oneself / express feelings describe 描述 described described describing describe as / describe in detail develop 发展 developed developed developing develop into / develop skills die 消失；死亡 died died dying die out / die of lie 躺 lay lain lying lie down / lie on the bed flow 流动 flowed flowed flowing flow into / flow through suggest 暗示；建议 suggested suggested suggesting suggest doing / suggest that disappear 消失 disappeared disappeared disappearing disappear from / disappear into 3. 形容词（Adjectives） 单词 中文 副词形式 比较级 反义词 soft 柔软的 softly softer hard calm 镇静的 calmly calmer excited proud 自豪的 proudly prouder ashamed salty 咸的 saltily saltier fresh only 唯一的 only —— many less 更少的 less —— more 4. 副词（Adverbs） 单词 中文 比较级 用法 most 最 —— most interesting / most of all brightly 明亮地 more brightly shine brightly / smile brightly aloud 出声地 —— read aloud / think aloud however 然而 —— 常用于句首或句中，后加逗号 5. 介词/连词（Prepositions/Conjunctions） 单词 中文 用法 above 在……上方 above the clouds / above all than 比 bigger than / more than if 如果 if从句（主将从现） 6. 限定词（Determiners） 单词 中文 用法 few 很少的 a few（几个）/ few（几乎没有） less 更少的 less than / less money 7. 短语（Phrases） 短语 中文 例句 such as 例如 I like fruits, such as apples and bananas. die out 灭绝 Dinosaurs died out long ago. sea level 海平面 The area is below sea level. 二、重点单词用法与固定搭配 1. express – 表达 - 例句：He expressed his feelings in a letter. 2. describe – 描述 - 搭配：describe sb./sth. as... - 例句：She described him as kind and helpful. 3. develop – 发展；成长 - 例句：The company developed quickly. 4. lie – 躺（注意与lay（放置）和lie（撒谎）区分） - 例句：He lay on the sofa watching TV. 5. flow – 流动 - 例句：The river flows into the sea. 6. suggest – 建议；暗示 - 结构：suggest doing / suggest that... - 例句：He suggested going for a walk. 7. disappear – 消失 - 例句：The sun disappeared behind the clouds. 8. few / a few – 很少/几个 - few + 可数名词（否定意味） - a few + 可数名词（肯定意味） 9. less – 更少的（修饰不可数名词） - 例句：I have less money than you. 10. such as – 例如 - 例句：I like sports, such as basketball and football. 11. most of all – 最重要的是 - 例句：Most of all, we need to stay calm. 12. die out – 灭绝 - 例句：Many species have died out. 三、配套练习 练习一：根据句意及首字母提示写出单词 答案：1. Plateau 2. clouds 3. softly 4. brightly 5. calm 6. express 7. grassland 8. field 9. restaurant 10. present 练习二：用所给单词的适当形式填空 答案：1. best 2. scientists 3. flows 4. lay 5. disappear 6. suggested 7. salty 8. proud 9. Fewer 10. exhibition 练习三：用方框中的短语填空（注意适当形式） 答案：1. such as 2. died out 3. Most of all 4. less than 5. lie down 6. flows into 7. express herself 8. described as 9. developed into 10. on the surface 练习四：单项选择 答案：1. A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. A 练习五：翻译句子 答案： 1. I like outdoor activities, such as hiking and camping. 2. Many species have died out due to climate change. 3. Most of all, we need to stay calm. 4. I have less money than you. 5. If you're tired, lie down and rest. 6. This river flows into the sea. 7. She finds it hard to express herself in English. 8. He was described as a genius. 9. This small town has developed into a big city. 10. The lake looks calm on the surface, but it's deep underwater. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $