专题14八下Units 5-6（复习讲义）（人教版教材梳理）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题14 八下Units5-6 （复习讲义）（人教版教材梳理） 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 2 02·思维导图·网络构建 3 03·考点通关·靶向突破 3 考点1 重点词汇 3 考点2 易混词辨析 8 考点3 重点句型 11 考点4 重点语法 13 04·优题精选·练能提分 18 考点 课标要求 复习目标 重点单词 掌握重点词汇light；report；match；beat；against；asleep；rise；fallen；realize；pupil；completely；truth；shoot；remind；bit；silly；hide；tail；magic；stick；fit；couple；gold；silk；nobody；stupid；cheat；whole；shine；bright；ground等词汇的用法 1.重点词汇会写会用 2. 易混词会在不同语境中熟练应用 3. 熟练运用 1.when/while引导的过去进行时句子以及.特殊疑问词引导的询问故事开始、进展的句子等进行语言交际运用。 4. 熟练运用情态动词、反身代词以及动词不定式 易混词辨析 掌握 while,when 与 as;sleep ,be asleep,fall asleep 与get to sleep；all与whole;be made of，be made from，be made in，be made up of;rise与r aise;voice,noise与sound易混词辨析 重点句型 1.1.when/while引导的过去进行时句子 2.特殊疑问词引导的询问故事开始、进展的句子 重点语法 · 1. 过去进行时； · 2.状语从句 命题预测 单词、易混词辨析和句型会融合到各种题型中考查。句型和重点语法在语法填空、选词填空、完形填空以及补全对话等题中会有涉及。 考点1 重点词汇 1. begin 【教材原文】I was waiting for a bus when it began to rain heavily .( 八下Unit5 P34) 【主要用法】begin v.开始 begin -began-begun 名词 beginning 1　 start/begin to do sth (it 为主语/表示心理活动/用于进行时) 2　 begin doing sth（长期有意识养成习惯） 【拓展】 heavily adv 在很大程度上，形容风大的时候常用strong/hard,形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard 【例句】 · She began to think she was wrong. · Tom is beginning to do his homework. 2. be busy 【教材原文】I was so busy looking for the umbrella that I didn’t see a car coming.( 八下Unit 5P34) 【主要用法】busy 意为“忙碌的”常见搭配有： be busy with sth , be busy (in) doing sth “忙于做...” 【拓展】 look for 意为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程。 find 意为“找到”，强调找到的结果 【例句】 · I was busy with my homework when you called me . · I looked for my keys for a long time,but I couldn’t find them. 3. Feel like 【教材原文】 With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有一丝光亮，让人感觉这是在午夜。( 八下Unit 5P35) 【主要用法】feel 动词，感觉，感受，过去式felt ,名词feeling ,意为 感受。 常见用法： (1) feel like sth 感觉像 It felt like rain outside. (2) feel like doing sth 想做某事I felt like watching TV. (3) feel like that从句 感觉像She felt like that she was a bird. (4) feel like sth 摸起来像They felt like grapes. 【例句】 · I felt like I was a bird. · What do you feel like watching today？ 4. against 【教材原文】 Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. ( 八下Unit5 P 35） 【主要用法】 against作介词，此处意为“碰；撞；倚；靠". against作介词，还可意为“反对；违反；对抗",常见搭配 be against , have nothing against doing sth. 【例句】 · He leaned against the tree. 他靠着树 · They are playing basketball against Class 4. 他们在和4班打篮球对抗赛 5.fall asleep 【教材原文】He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m( 八下Unit5 P35) 【主要用法】fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着 ,fall过去式 fell   be  asleep 强调睡着的状态 The  baby is asleep fall  asleep 强调入睡的动作 My  father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly 【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析： (1) sleep =be in bed v 睡觉，指睡的动作状态， (2) get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态 (3)go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。 【例句】 · He went to bed at ten last night , but he didn’t go to sleepuntil . He only fell asleep for 5 hours. 6. happen 【教材原文】What event happened at the school yesterday?昨天学校发生了什么事？. ( 八下Unit 5 P37) 【主要用法】 happen 发生；碰巧（指偶然性发生） (1)happen v “发生”没有被动语态，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性 sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上 sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事 (2)take place 举行，发生，指事情有计划有安排地发生 (3)It happened that…碰巧 【例句】 · She happened to be out when wecalled. · The sports meeting took placein our school last week. 7. hear 【教材原文】Robert and his friends were surprised to heart he news. 罗柏特和他的朋友们听到这则消息感到很吃惊。（ 八下Unit5 P38) 【主要用法】 hear的用法 hear意为“听见”，强调听的结果。 【结构】：hear sb. do sth听见某人做某事； hear sb. doing sth听见某人正在做某事 hear也有“听说”之意，这时后接that引导的宾语从句。 ①hear about意为“听说”，相当于hear of，后面接词或短语。 ②hear from意为“收到.......的来信；有.......的消息”，=get/receive a letter from. 【例句】 · We can often hear some children play on the playground.。 · I have heard about/of the story before.  我以前就听说过这个故事。 8. remind 【教材原文】This story reminds us that you can never know what’s possible unless you try to make it happen. 这个故事提醒我们，你永远不知道什么是可能的，除非你努力让它发生。( 八下Unit 6 P42) 【主要用法】 remind提醒；使想起。＂remind sb. +从句＂表示＂提醒某人……＂。 常见用法如下： remind sb of sth. 使某人回想起或意识到某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事 ＂remind oneself +从句＂表示＂提醒自己……＂。 【例句】 · Yellow flowers of rape always remind me of my childhood in the countryside. 黄色的油菜花总使我想起我在乡村时的童年。 · Please remind her to take the medicine on time. 请提醒她按时吃药。 · You reminded me of my childhood. 你使我想起了我的童年 9. talk about 【教材原文】Which book is talked about? 这本书谈论的是什么？ 。( 八下Unit 4 P27) 【主要用法】talk about谈论，用于表示谈话双方都知道的话题，后可以接人或事物，若接人，要用人称代词的宾格形式。此外，talk to＂对……说话，跟……谈话＂，相当于speak to，强调单方面行为。而talk with＂与……交谈＂，相当于have a word with，强调双方的行为。 【例句】 · When I was talking with my classmate when the teacher came in. 当老师进来时，我正和一位同学说话。 · I always want to talk to my classmate in class. 在课堂上我总是想和同学说话。 10. leave 【教材原文】 The wife told her husband that unless he left the children to die in the forest, the whole family would die. 妻子告诉她丈夫除非他把孩子们留在森林里死掉, 否则一家人都会被饿死。.( 八下 Unit6 P46) 【主要用法】leave sb/sth + 介词短语，意为＂把某人或某物遗留在某地＂，leave在此意为＂遗留，遗忘＂，其过去式为left。 用法如下： （1） leave sb by oneself(=leave sb alone)意为＂把某人单独留下＂ （2） 表示＂将……交给……＂用leave sb. sth.或leave sth. with/to sb.。 【例句】 · They are very busy with work and always leave their son at home by himself. 他们工作非常忙，总是把儿子一个人留在家中。 · His grandfather left him a large sum of money. 他爷爷留给他一笔数目可观的钱。 11. what感叹句 【教材原文】What a long time you slept in the forest! 你们在森林里睡了这么久！。( 八下Unit6 P46) 【主要用法】本句是what引导的感叹句。a long time很长的时间，time作＂时间＂讲时是不可数名词，但前面有修饰词long，加a为习惯用法。what引导的感叹句结构如下： （1）What + a/an +形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语! What a heavy box it is! 这是一个多么重的箱子！ （2）What +形容词 + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!What cold weather it is! 天气真冷！ （3）What(+a/an) +名词（+主语 + 谓语）! What a day (it is)! 这鬼天气！ 【拓展】　 how引导的感叹句结构：How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语! How high the bird flies! 这鸟飞得真高！ How beautiful the flowers are! 这些花多漂亮啊！ 【例句】 · It’s difficult for a small store to compete with/against a supermarket.。 12. lead 【教材原文】Look! It’s leading us to that wonderful house made of bread, cake and candy. 看! 它正引导我们去那个由面包、蛋糕和糖做成的漂亮的房子 ( 八下Unit 6 P47) 【主要用法】lead意为＂带路；路＂，过去式和过去分词均为led，常用结构：lead sb to some place引导某人去某地；lead sb to do sth引导/促使某人做某事。lead to表示＂导致，引起，通向＂，这里to是介词，后接名词/代词。 【例句】 · What led you to think so? 是什么使你这样想的？ · Good habits lead to success. 好的习惯是成功的关键。 13. show 【教材原文】 The stones showed them the way home. 因为月光，他们能够看到石头，石头指引他们回家的路 ( 八下Unit 6P47) 【主要用法】show sb. the way to…告知(指引)某人去……的路。to后接here/there/home等副词时,to省略。 其他用法： (1) show sb. around 带领某人参观。 2)show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.把某物给某人看。 (3)show作名词,意为“演出,表演,节目,展览”。学科&网 school show学校公演 TV show电视节目 art show艺术展　 【例句】 · He showed the students around the factory.他领着学生参观了工厂。 · She showed us her new sweater.=She showed her new sweater to us. 她把她的新毛衣给我们看。 1．Although the player was seriously ill, she fought ________ the illness bravely. A．for B．with C．against 2．—Shall we go to the airport to ________ your sister? —I don’t think it’s necessary. She will come here by taxi. A．see off B．pick up C．look after 3．There were too many people walking on the road, so we had to ride ______. A．slowly B．quietly C．hopefully D．suddenly 4．My alarm didn’t ________ so I woke up late. A．go off B．die down C．take down D．have a look 5．—While we are having classes, all of us are listening to the teacher ________. —That’s the way we must do it. A．in a way B．in surprise C．in silence D．in a mess 6．—Peter, have you ever heard of Mulan? —Sure. She was a ________ woman who took her father’s place to join the army. A．lovely B．brave C．shy D．poor 7．Mother’s Day ________ us to thank mothers. A．makes B．promises C．reminds 8．Without forests, land will turn ________ desert. A．down B．into C．on 9．—Howard is a good football player, right? —Sure he is. In the last match, he ________ at the goal twice and got one point. A．aimed B．beat C．threw D．shot 10．The doctor often tells us not to eat so much junk food because it can ________ serious health problems. A．cause B．report C．remind D．continue 考点2 易混词辨析 1. 易混词辨析 while ,when与as while while 引导的从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。强调主句的动作在从句动作 发生的过程中发生或主从句两个动作同时发生。从句常用进行时态。常指一段时间 While I was waiting at the bus stop,three buses went by in the opposite direction when when 引导的从句中的谓语动词既可是延续性动词，也可是非延续性动词。 主句的动作和从句的动作可以是同时发生，也可以是先后发生。 从句可用进行时态，也可用其他时态。既可指时间点，也可指一段时间。 When the accident happened,I was walking along the street. as as 一般情况下强调两个动作同时发生(可与 when/while 互换使用)，还可以说明两种正在发展变化的情况，相当于汉语的“随着”，表示时间的推移；也可表示“一边……一边……”，侧重两个动作同时发生。 As it grew darker,it became colder. / She sang as she went along. 2. 易混词辨析sleep，be asleep,fall asleep与get to asleep sleep sleep 作延续性动词，意为＂睡觉＂，作名词，意为＂睡眠 be asleep be asleep 睡着，强调状态。 fall asleep fall asleep入睡，表示动作的过程，侧重于指无意识地入睡 get to sleep get to sleep睡着，入眠，强调进入睡眠状态, 多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。 3.all与whole 【易混辨析】 all all意为＂ 整个的，全部的＂，强调各个部分组成的整体，可修饰不可数名词/可数名词复数。有冠词/指示代词/所有格等限定词时，all放在它们之前，即all +限定词 + 名词 Are all the students here today? 今天所有的学生都到了吗? whole[来源:学科网] whole意为＂整个的，全部的＂，强调完整无缺，不可分割的整体，修饰单数可数名词，有冠词/指示代词/所有格等限定词时，whole放于它们之后。即限定词+ whole + 名词[来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K][来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K] They told me the whole story. 他们给我讲了整个的故事。[来源:学科网ZXXK] 当复数可数名词前有具体的数量词时，则可以用whole three whole days/all three days 三整天 4.be made of，be made from，be made in，be made up of 【易混辨析】 be made of 表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么，保留原材料的质和形状，制作过程仅发生物理变化。 The kite is made of paper. 这个风筝是用纸做的。 be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化，在成品中已无法辨认。 Butter is made from milk. 黄油是从牛奶中提炼出来的。 be made in 在……地方制造，产于……地方，表示某物是在某地生产或制造的。 This kind of perfume is made in England. 这种香水产于英国。 be made up of 由……组成(构成)，指主要部分由两个或两个以上的部分组成(构成)。 The commission is made up of five people, including two women. 委员会由五人组成，其中包括两名妇女。 5.voice,noise与sound 【易混辨析】 voice 一般指人的说话声、歌声或笑声，也可用来指鸟鸣声或一些拟人化的声音。 He is not in good voice. 他现在的嗓音不好。 noise 意为＂噪声，喧闹声＂，指不悦耳、令人讨厌的声音、杂声、噪声。 The old man enjoyed the holiday, away from the city noise. 这位老人喜欢度假，远离城市的喧闹。 sound 的含义较广，指人们听到的各种声音，有意义或无意义的声音。 There’s no sound coming from the TV. 电视机没有发出声音。 6.rise与raise 【易混辨析】 rise 升起；上升,主语自身移向较高位置 Price rose gradually raise 举起；提高,主语发出的动作作用于其他事物,Let’s raise  our glasses to Tom. 1．—Jim fell _______ in class again today. —He felt _______ because he didn’t sleep well last night. A．sleepy; asleep B．asleep; sleepy C．sleepy; sleepy D．asleep; asleep 2．_______ we came back to school, Dale was playing the violin. A．When B．While C．Until D．After 3．“Listen! Can you hear the strange _______ outside our house?” he said in a low _______. A．voice; sound B．voice; voice C．sound; sound D．sound; voice 4．The boy ______ his hand and asked if the sun ______ in the east every day. A．rose; rises B．rises; raises C．raised; rises 5．A bird doesn’t fear the storm. It flies ________ the wind to rise higher. A．above B．across C．along D．against 6．—________ crowded Qingdao Road is! —Well, because the number of the cars has kept ________ since May. A．What a; rising B．How a; raising C．How; rising D．What; raising 7．The girl felt ________ tired last night and then she fell ________ quickly. A．a little; sleepy B．a bit of; asleep C．a little bit; sleepy D．a bit; asleep 8．—Anxi is ________ the City of Tea, right? —Yes. Besides drinks, tea can ________ different kinds of food. A．famous as; be made of B．famous for; be made from C．famous as; be made into D．famous with; be made in 9．He spent ________ morning looking for ________ information online, but found nothing useful. A．the whole; all the B．whole the; the all C．the whole; the all D．whole; all 考点3 重点句型 1. —What were you doing at eight lat night？ --- What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping ? (八下Unit5 P36) 【重点句型】when,while 引导的询问过去时进行的句子。答语常用过去进行时来回答。 when和while的区别 （1）when意为＂在……时；当……的时候＂，常指在某个时间点，可表示时间点或时间段，由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。从句中的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。 （2）while意为＂当……的时候＂，只表示时间段，常指某个时间段，由while引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去进行时。从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词，且多用于进行时态。强调主句与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中。 【例句 】 · — I was just reading a book when she came into my room. 她走进我房间时，我正在看书。 · — While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 吉姆正在修他的自行车时，林涛来看他了。 2. —How does the story begin ? ---- What happened next ? (八下Unit 6 P44) 【重点句型】 特殊疑问词how\what等引导的询问故事开始、进展的句型 其结构：What、How +助动词+主语+动词+其它？答语常根据具体信息进行回答。 What\how +be动词+主语+其它？ 【例句】 · --What is the story about? --It’s about a wise man who tried to move a mountain. 完成句子 1．That old story is about an emperor with a special hobby. (对划线部分提问) that old story about? 2．Yu Gong was trying to move the mountains because they were so big.(对画线部分提问) Yu Gong trying to move the mountains? 3．I was taking out the trash when the earthquake happened.（对划线部分提问） you doing when the earthquake happened? 4．Mike was sleeping when the rainstorm came. (对划线部分提问) Mike doing when the rainstorm came? 5．He comes back. I will call you at once.  （合并成句子） I call you he comes back. 6．Don’t make a promise. You can’t keep it. (用unless合并为一句话) Don’t make a promise you keep it. 7．The twins are reading an English storybook now. （用at that time last night改写句子） The twins an English storybook at that time last night. 8．You should write a letter to him.（对划线部分提问） do? 9．I was cleaning windows at home at that time yesterday．（对画线部分提问） you cleaning windows at that time yesterday? 考点4 重点语法 1. 过去进行时 1）、定义及结构 1. 定义 过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。 2. 结构：be (过去式）+ 动词-ing 2）、用法 1. 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事情发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。常用的时间状语when，while。 ☞ My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔了下来。 ☞ It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。 ☞ They left the station while it was raining. 天正在下雨的时候他们离开了车站。 ☞ When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。 【易混辨析】 2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。常用的时间状语：this morning，the whole morning，all day yesterday，from nine to ten last evening。 ☞ What was she doing at nine o’clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？（介词短语表示时间点） ☞ When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。（when从句表示时间点） ☞ We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。 ☞ What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？ 3. 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。 ☞ While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper. 他边等车边看报纸。（两个动作都是延续性的） ☞ He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时我在做饭。（两个动作同时进行） 4. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree，be，believe，belong，care，forget，hate，have(拥有)，hear，know，like，love，mean，mind，notice，own，remember，seem，suppose，understand，want，wish等。学科&网 误：I was knowing the answer. 正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。 误：I wasn’t understanding him. 正：I didn’t understand him. 我不明白他的意思。 3）、与一般过去时的区别 1. 一般过去时叙述旧事，过去进行时描述背景。 A. 一般过去时 （1）叙述过去状态、动作或事件 ☞ He went to Beijing the other day.（带具体时间） （2）表示过去的习惯 ①would，used to与过去时 would 表间断性不规则的习惯，常带频率时间；used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯。 ☞ They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words. ☞ He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为） ② would不可用于句首，只表示过去的习惯。used to表示今昔对比的含义，叙述习惯动作时可与would 换用。 ☞ When he was a boy, he would often go there. （叙述过去） ☞ She isn’t what she used to be. （今昔对比） ③表示状态时一般只用used to ☞ Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. （状态） ④was (were) used to +v-ing表示＂合适于，适应于……＂ ☞ He used to work at night. （＂习惯＂，表经常）[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K] ☞ He was used to working at night. （＂习惯＂，表适应） （3）表示过去的经历，平行动作，依次事件用一般过去时。 ☞ He sat there and listened to the radio. （依次发生） （4）表示客气委婉的语气，用于情态动词，助动词和want，wonder，hope等 ☞ How did you like the film? ☞ Could you help me? B. 过去进行时 （1）表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生的动作 ☞ What were you doing at 8:30 last night? （过去某时刻正在发生） （2）与always，often，usually等连用表示喜爱、讨厌等感情色彩。 ☞ He was always changing his mind. C. 进行时表某一行为的＂片断＂；一般时表示行为的＂整体＂和存在的状态。 ☞ I was reading the book at that time. （未读完，＂读＂的片段） ☞ I read the book yesterday. （已读完，表整个＂读＂） D. 表示在过去的某段时间里一直反复持续进行的动作。 ☞ It was raining all night. ☞ He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. E. while时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。 ☞ He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.[来源:学.科.网] F. while 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时，但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时，两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时，长的用进行时。 ☞ I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano. （平行） ☞ I cooked the dinner while he played the piano. ☞ I saw him while I was walking to the station. 【注意】 英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时） （1）表心理状态、情感的动词，如love，hate，like，care，respect，please，prefer，know等，若用进行时则词意改变。 ☞ I’m forgetting it. ( =beginning to forget ) （2）表示存在、状态的动词，如appear，exist，lie，remain，stand，seem等。 （3）表示感觉的动词，如see，hear，feel，smell，sound，taste等。 （4）表示人的期待、允诺、拒绝、结束的词，如accept，allow，admit，decide，end，refuse，permit，promise等。 2. 状语从句 unless的用法 unless意为＂除非，如果不＂，引导条件状语从句。unless引导的条件状语从句，若主句、从句的动作均未发生，则主句用一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词的句子，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 I shall go unless it rains. 如果不下雨我就去。 I won’t let you in unless you show me your pass. 如果你不出示通行证，我就不让你进来。 We’ll go to town unless it rains tomorrow. 假如明天不下雨，我们就去城里。[来源:学科网ZXXK] 注意： （1）unless通常可以与if... not结构进行相互转换。 You will fail unless you study hard.=You will fail if you don’t study hard.除非你努力学习，否则你会失败。 （2）若unless引导的从句本身为否定句，则unless不能用if...not来替换。 as soon as的用法 as soon as一……就……，强调两个动作几乎是连在一起的，后接从句。当主句是一般将来时，as soon as引导的状语从句应用一般现在时代替将来时。指紧接着发生的两个短动作，主句用一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时。有时，为了特意表达刚刚完成某事就如何，需要用现在完成时。 The students became quiet as soon as the teacher came in. 老师一进来，学生们就安静下来了。 I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back. 他一回来，我就告诉他这个消息。 I’ll return the book as soon as I have finished reading it. 我一读完就把书还回去。 He will come and see you as soon as he can. 他一有空就来看你。 The stars came out as soon as it was dark. 天一黑，星星就出来了。 注意： as soon as 引导的时间状语从句在过去时态中主从句时态保持一致；若主句用一般将来时态，则从句用一般现在时态。 so... that的用法 so... that意为＂如此……以至于＂，引导表示结果的状语从句。so是副词，用以修饰其后的形容词或副词，说明其程度的大小。so... that引导的结果状语从句有如下四种结构： （1）so＋形容词/副词＋that从句 The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map. 这村子太小，所以地图上没有。 The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward. 风刮得那么大，我们简直寸步难行。 （2）so＋形容词＋a/an＋单数名词＋that从句 It was so hot a day that they all went swimming. 天是那么的热以至于他们都去游泳了。 He made so inspiring a speech that everybody got excited. 他发表了如此鼓舞人的演讲以至于大家都很激动。 （3）so＋many/few＋复数名词＋that从句 I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over. 我摔了许多跤，以至于浑身青一块，紫一块。 He has so few friends that he often feels lonely. 他朋友很少，所以经常感到孤独。 （4）so＋much/little＋不可数名词＋that从句 I had so little money then that I couldn’t even afford a used car. 我当时囊中羞涩，甚至连一辆二手车都买不起。 He drank so much wine last night that he felt terrible. 昨晚他喝了那么多的酒，他觉得很不舒服。 （1）当that从句是否定结构，that从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，可用too...to...或＂be not +形容词 + enough to do sth.＂结构替换。需要注意的是，＂be not + 形容词 + enough to do sth.＂中的形容词，应是so...that结构中形容词的反义词。 His brother is so young that he can’t join the army.=His brother is too young to join the army. =His brother is not old enough to join the army. 他弟弟太小了，不能参军。[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K] （2）当that从句是否定结构，that从句的主语与主句的主语不相同时，可用too... for sb. to do sth.替换。 The suit was expensive that I could not buy it.=The suit was too expensive for me to buy. 这套衣服太贵了，我不能买。 （3）当that从句是肯定结构，that从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，可以用＂be + 形容词 + enough to do sth.＂把so... that复合句转化为简单句。 The young man is so strong that he can carry the big box.=The young man is strong enough to carry the big box. 那个年轻人很强壮，能扛动那只大箱子。 （4）当that从句是肯定结构，that从句的主语与主句的主语不相同时，可用＂... enough for sb. to do sth.＂替换。 He ran so slowly that I could catch up with him.=He ran slowly enough for me to catch up with. 他跑得太慢了，我能赶上他。 （5）so... that结构中的＂so + 形容词/副词＂可以提至句首，以加强语气，但要注意用倒装语序。 So bright was the moon that flowers were bright as in the day. 在如此明亮的月光下，花儿像白天一样鲜艳。 1．We ________ a picnic in the park when it started to rain heavily. We had to run for shelter quickly. A．have B．had C．are having D．were having 2．While I _______ my homework, my brother _______ video games. A．did; played B．was doing; was playing C．do; plays 3．Don’t make a promise easily ________ you have the ability to realize it. A．unless B．since C．while 4．While my brother ________ video games yesterday, I ________ my homework. A．played; finished B．was playing; was finishing C．played; was finishing D．was playing; finished 5．When his mom ________ out of the restaurant, Tom ________ the pizza. A．came; was eating B．come; was eating C．come; ate D．was coming; ate 6．When the teacher ________ in, the students were discussing how to make full preparations for the coming sports meeting. A．comes B．came C．is coming D．was coming 7．—What were you doing at 7:00 p.m. yesterday? —I ________ the dishes in the kitchen. A．washed B．wash C．am washing D．was washing 8．—How did the accident happen? —The man was reading some messages on his phone ________ walking across the street. A．unless B．after C．while D．before 9．_______ we came back to school, Dale was playing the violin. A．When B．While C．Until D．After 1、 单项选择 1．—I always left my keys at home. —Maybe you should set an alarm to ________ you. A．carry B．fix C．stop D．remind 2．As soon as he ________ back, I’ll tell him when ________ and see him. A．comes, will you come B．will come, do you come C．comes, you will come D．will come, you come 3．I’m afraid we can’t work out the math problem ________ the teacher helps us. A．if B．because C．as soon as D．unless 4．This morning, I went to school by bus. The bus was ______ slow ______I arrived late for school. A．too; that B．such; that C．so; that D．enough; to 5．The man built a house for the poor puppy________making a fence to keep it away from the garden. A．instead B．instead of C．because D．because of 6．We ________ a picnic in the park when it started to rain heavily. We had to run for shelter quickly. A．have B．had C．are having D．were having 7．—I have trouble ________ the new word. Can you help me? —Sure. You can look it up in the dictionary. A．understanding B．to understand C．understand 8．Betty has a beautiful ________. She wants to be a singer in the future. A．voice B．look C．noise 9．—Mom, I didn’t finish my homework. What should I do if Mrs. Li asks about it? —Just tell her the ______. You should admit (承认) your mistake. A．rule B．plan C．truth D．excuse 10．It is raining ________. You’d better not go out now. A．heavily B．hardly C．secondly D．beautifully 2、 适当形式填空 11．The child fell (sleep) soon. 12．He thought hard, and then (sudden) he came up with a good idea. 13．My parents were (complete) shocked when they heard of Dr. King’s death. 14．While I was (fold) my clothes, the phone rang. 15．We should tell the truth instead of (cheat) our friends. 16．Yesterday afternoon Dale (lead) us to the library. 17．Face difficulties and learn from them! (brave) 18．He also cut out a picture of colourful balloons and it on the cover. (stick) 19．He was so that he made a lot of mistakes in the test paper. (care) 三、选词填空 阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词汇的适当形式填空，使短文语义完整。 practice  red  he  music  student  while  stop  voice  proud  from Long ago in ancient China, there was a young man named Xue Tan who loved singing. He became a student of Qin Qing, a great 1 known for his magical voice. After practicing for a few months, Xue Tan became 2 . “I’ve learned everything!” he told his teacher. “I’m ready to leave and sing alone!” Instead of getting angry, Qin Qing smiled and held a goodbye party for him on a quiet hillside. As the sun set, Qin Qing began to sing. His 3 started softly, like a gentle breeze (微风). Then it grew louder and stronger, shaking the trees around them. The clouds in the pink evening sky seemed to freeze in place. Birds 4 flying to listen, and even the wind went silent. Xue Tan’s face turned 5 with shame. He realized his teacher’s singing was like a roaring ocean, 6 his own voice was just a tiny stream (溪流). He fell to his knees and cried, “I was wrong to think I knew everything! Please let me keep learning 7 you.” Qin Qing kindly helped 8 up. “True skill isn't about showing off,” he said. “It’s about listening-to the world, to your heart, and to those who came before you.” From that day on, Xue Tan decided to 9 hard. He imitated (模仿) the rhythm of rainstorms and learned melodies from bird songs. Years later, when people praised his talent, he always said, “I’m still just Qin Qing’s 10 .” 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题14 八下Units5-6 （复习讲义）（人教版教材梳理） 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 2 02·思维导图·网络构建 3 03·考点通关·靶向突破 3 考点1 重点词汇 3 考点2 易混词辨析 10 考点3 重点句型 14 考点4 重点语法 16 04·优题精选·练能提分 22 考点 课标要求 复习目标 重点单词 掌握重点词汇light；report；match；beat；against；asleep；rise；fallen；realize；pupil；completely；truth；shoot；remind；bit；silly；hide；tail；magic；stick；fit；couple；gold；silk；nobody；stupid；cheat；whole；shine；bright；ground等词汇的用法 1.重点词汇会写会用 2. 易混词会在不同语境中熟练应用 3. 熟练运用 1.when/while引导的过去进行时句子以及.特殊疑问词引导的询问故事开始、进展的句子等进行语言交际运用。 4. 熟练运用情态动词、反身代词以及动词不定式 易混词辨析 掌握 while,when 与 as;sleep ,be asleep,fall asleep 与get to sleep；all与whole;be made of，be made from，be made in，be made up of;rise与r aise;voice,noise与sound易混词辨析 重点句型 1.1.when/while引导的过去进行时句子 2.特殊疑问词引导的询问故事开始、进展的句子 重点语法 · 1. 过去进行时； · 2.状语从句 命题预测 单词、易混词辨析和句型会融合到各种题型中考查。句型和重点语法在语法填空、选词填空、完形填空以及补全对话等题中会有涉及。 考点1 重点词汇 1. begin 【教材原文】I was waiting for a bus when it began to rain heavily .( 八下Unit5 P34) 【主要用法】begin v.开始 begin -began-begun 名词 beginning 1　 start/begin to do sth (it 为主语/表示心理活动/用于进行时) 2　 begin doing sth（长期有意识养成习惯） 【拓展】 heavily adv 在很大程度上，形容风大的时候常用strong/hard,形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard 【例句】 · She began to think she was wrong. · Tom is beginning to do his homework. 2. be busy 【教材原文】I was so busy looking for the umbrella that I didn’t see a car coming.( 八下Unit 5P34) 【主要用法】busy 意为“忙碌的”常见搭配有： be busy with sth , be busy (in) doing sth “忙于做...” 【拓展】 look for 意为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程。 find 意为“找到”，强调找到的结果 【例句】 · I was busy with my homework when you called me . · I looked for my keys for a long time,but I couldn’t find them. 3. Feel like 【教材原文】 With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有一丝光亮，让人感觉这是在午夜。( 八下Unit 5P35) 【主要用法】feel 动词，感觉，感受，过去式felt ,名词feeling ,意为 感受。 常见用法： (1) feel like sth 感觉像 It felt like rain outside. (2) feel like doing sth 想做某事I felt like watching TV. (3) feel like that从句 感觉像She felt like that she was a bird. (4) feel like sth 摸起来像They felt like grapes. 【例句】 · I felt like I was a bird. · What do you feel like watching today？ 4. against 【教材原文】 Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. ( 八下Unit5 P 35） 【主要用法】 against作介词，此处意为“碰；撞；倚；靠". against作介词，还可意为“反对；违反；对抗",常见搭配 be against , have nothing against doing sth. 【例句】 · He leaned against the tree. 他靠着树 · They are playing basketball against Class 4. 他们在和4班打篮球对抗赛 5.fall asleep 【教材原文】He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m( 八下Unit5 P35) 【主要用法】fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着 ,fall过去式 fell   be  asleep 强调睡着的状态 The  baby is asleep fall  asleep 强调入睡的动作 My  father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly 【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析： (1) sleep =be in bed v 睡觉，指睡的动作状态， (2) get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态 (3)go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。 【例句】 · He went to bed at ten last night , but he didn’t go to sleepuntil . He only fell asleep for 5 hours. 6. happen 【教材原文】What event happened at the school yesterday?昨天学校发生了什么事？. ( 八下Unit 5 P37) 【主要用法】 happen 发生；碰巧（指偶然性发生） (1)happen v “发生”没有被动语态，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性 sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上 sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事 (2)take place 举行，发生，指事情有计划有安排地发生 (3)It happened that…碰巧 【例句】 · She happened to be out when wecalled. · The sports meeting took placein our school last week. 7. hear 【教材原文】Robert and his friends were surprised to heart he news. 罗柏特和他的朋友们听到这则消息感到很吃惊。（ 八下Unit5 P38) 【主要用法】 hear的用法 hear意为“听见”，强调听的结果。 【结构】：hear sb. do sth听见某人做某事； hear sb. doing sth听见某人正在做某事 hear也有“听说”之意，这时后接that引导的宾语从句。 ①hear about意为“听说”，相当于hear of，后面接词或短语。 ②hear from意为“收到.......的来信；有.......的消息”，=get/receive a letter from. 【例句】 · We can often hear some children play on the playground.。 · I have heard about/of the story before.  我以前就听说过这个故事。 8. remind 【教材原文】This story reminds us that you can never know what’s possible unless you try to make it happen. 这个故事提醒我们，你永远不知道什么是可能的，除非你努力让它发生。( 八下Unit 6 P42) 【主要用法】 remind提醒；使想起。＂remind sb. +从句＂表示＂提醒某人……＂。 常见用法如下： remind sb of sth. 使某人回想起或意识到某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事 ＂remind oneself +从句＂表示＂提醒自己……＂。 【例句】 · Yellow flowers of rape always remind me of my childhood in the countryside. 黄色的油菜花总使我想起我在乡村时的童年。 · Please remind her to take the medicine on time. 请提醒她按时吃药。 · You reminded me of my childhood. 你使我想起了我的童年 9. talk about 【教材原文】Which book is talked about? 这本书谈论的是什么？ 。( 八下Unit 4 P27) 【主要用法】talk about谈论，用于表示谈话双方都知道的话题，后可以接人或事物，若接人，要用人称代词的宾格形式。此外，talk to＂对……说话，跟……谈话＂，相当于speak to，强调单方面行为。而talk with＂与……交谈＂，相当于have a word with，强调双方的行为。 【例句】 · When I was talking with my classmate when the teacher came in. 当老师进来时，我正和一位同学说话。 · I always want to talk to my classmate in class. 在课堂上我总是想和同学说话。 10. leave 【教材原文】 The wife told her husband that unless he left the children to die in the forest, the whole family would die. 妻子告诉她丈夫除非他把孩子们留在森林里死掉, 否则一家人都会被饿死。.( 八下 Unit6 P46) 【主要用法】leave sb/sth + 介词短语，意为＂把某人或某物遗留在某地＂，leave在此意为＂遗留，遗忘＂，其过去式为left。 用法如下： （1） leave sb by oneself(=leave sb alone)意为＂把某人单独留下＂ （2） 表示＂将……交给……＂用leave sb. sth.或leave sth. with/to sb.。 【例句】 · They are very busy with work and always leave their son at home by himself. 他们工作非常忙，总是把儿子一个人留在家中。 · His grandfather left him a large sum of money. 他爷爷留给他一笔数目可观的钱。 11. what感叹句 【教材原文】What a long time you slept in the forest! 你们在森林里睡了这么久！。( 八下Unit6 P46) 【主要用法】本句是what引导的感叹句。a long time很长的时间，time作＂时间＂讲时是不可数名词，但前面有修饰词long，加a为习惯用法。what引导的感叹句结构如下： （1）What + a/an +形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语! What a heavy box it is! 这是一个多么重的箱子！ （2）What +形容词 + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!What cold weather it is! 天气真冷！ （3）What(+a/an) +名词（+主语 + 谓语）! What a day (it is)! 这鬼天气！ 【拓展】　 how引导的感叹句结构：How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语! How high the bird flies! 这鸟飞得真高！ How beautiful the flowers are! 这些花多漂亮啊！ 【例句】 · It’s difficult for a small store to compete with/against a supermarket.。 12. lead 【教材原文】Look! It’s leading us to that wonderful house made of bread, cake and candy. 看! 它正引导我们去那个由面包、蛋糕和糖做成的漂亮的房子 ( 八下Unit 6 P47) 【主要用法】lead意为＂带路；路＂，过去式和过去分词均为led，常用结构：lead sb to some place引导某人去某地；lead sb to do sth引导/促使某人做某事。lead to表示＂导致，引起，通向＂，这里to是介词，后接名词/代词。 【例句】 · What led you to think so? 是什么使你这样想的？ · Good habits lead to success. 好的习惯是成功的关键。 13. show 【教材原文】 The stones showed them the way home. 因为月光，他们能够看到石头，石头指引他们回家的路 ( 八下Unit 6P47) 【主要用法】show sb. the way to…告知(指引)某人去……的路。to后接here/there/home等副词时,to省略。 其他用法： (1) show sb. around 带领某人参观。 2)show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.把某物给某人看。 (3)show作名词,意为“演出,表演,节目,展览”。学科&网 school show学校公演 TV show电视节目 art show艺术展　 【例句】 · He showed the students around the factory.他领着学生参观了工厂。 · She showed us her new sweater.=She showed her new sweater to us. 她把她的新毛衣给我们看。 1．Although the player was seriously ill, she fought ________ the illness bravely. A．for B．with C．against 【答案】C 【详解】句意：虽然这位运动员病得很重，但她勇敢地与疾病作斗争。 考查动词短语辨析。fight for为……而战；fight with用（某种方式/手段/工具）反对某人/与……打架；fight against与……作斗争，对抗。根据“the illness”可知，应为“与疾病斗争”，即“对抗疾病”。故选C。 2．—Shall we go to the airport to ________ your sister? —I don’t think it’s necessary. She will come here by taxi. A．see off B．pick up C．look after 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们要去机场接你姐姐吗？——我觉得没必要。她会打车来这里。 考查动词短语辨析。see off送别；pick up接（人）；look after照顾。根据“She will come here by taxi.”可知，对方认为不需要“接机”，因此问句是询问是否去“接”人。故选B。 3．There were too many people walking on the road, so we had to ride ______. A．slowly B．quietly C．hopefully D．suddenly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：路上行人太多，所以我们不得不慢慢骑车。 考查副词辨析。slowly慢慢地；quietly安静地；hopefully有希望地；suddenly突然地。根据“There were too many people walking on the road”可知，行人多的路况下，骑车时需要注意安全，放慢速度，故选A。 4．My alarm didn’t ________ so I woke up late. A．go off B．die down C．take down D．have a look 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的闹钟没响，所以我睡过了头。 考查动词短语。go off发出声响，爆炸；die down逐渐减弱，平息；take down拆卸，记下；have a look看一看。根据“so I woke up late”可知闹钟没响。故选A。 5．—While we are having classes, all of us are listening to the teacher ________. —That’s the way we must do it. A．in a way B．in surprise C．in silence D．in a mess 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——当我们上课时，我们都在默默地听老师讲课。——我们必须这样做。 考查介词短语。in a way在某种程度上；in surprise惊讶地；in silence安静地；in a mess脏乱。根据 “While we are having classes, all of us are listening to the teacher”可知，应该是我们都安静地听老师上课，故选C。 6．—Peter, have you ever heard of Mulan? —Sure. She was a ________ woman who took her father’s place to join the army. A．lovely B．brave C．shy D．poor 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——彼得，你听说过木兰吗？——当然，她是一个勇敢的女人，代替她父亲去参军。 考查形容词辨析。lovely可爱的；brave勇敢的；shy害羞的；poor贫穷的。根据“who took her father’s place to join the army”可推知，替父从军的女子很勇敢。故选B。 7．Mother’s Day ________ us to thank mothers. A．makes B．promises C．reminds 【答案】C 【详解】句意：母亲节提醒我们要感谢母亲。 考查动词辨析。makes使；promises承诺；reminds提醒。根据“Mother’s Day...us to thank mothers.”可知，此处表达母亲节提醒我们要感谢母亲，remind sb. to do sth.表示“提醒某人做某事”，固定搭配。故选C。 8．Without forests, land will turn ________ desert. A．down B．into C．on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：没有森林，土地将变成沙漠。 考查介词辨析。down向下；into变成；on在……上面。根据“Without forests, land will turn...desert.”可知，没有森林，土地将变成沙漠，turn into“变成”。故选B。 9．—Howard is a good football player, right? —Sure he is. In the last match, he ________ at the goal twice and got one point. A．aimed B．beat C．threw D．shot 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——霍华德是一个好足球运动员，对吗？——他当然是。在最后一场比赛中，他两次射门并且得了一分。 考查动词辨析。aimed瞄准；beat击，打；threw扔；shot射击。结合“at the goal twice and got one point.”可知，足球比赛中射门，用shot符合语境。故选D。 10．The doctor often tells us not to eat so much junk food because it can ________ serious health problems. A．cause B．report C．remind D．continue 【答案】A 【详解】句意：医生经常告诫我们不要吃太多垃圾食品，因为这可能会引发严重的健康问题。 考查动词辨析。cause引起；report报道；remind提醒；continue继续。根据“eat so much junk food because it can … serious health problems”可知，吃太多垃圾食品会引起健康问题，故选A。 考点2 易混词辨析 1. 易混词辨析 while ,when与as while while 引导的从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。强调主句的动作在从句动作 发生的过程中发生或主从句两个动作同时发生。从句常用进行时态。常指一段时间 While I was waiting at the bus stop,three buses went by in the opposite direction when when 引导的从句中的谓语动词既可是延续性动词，也可是非延续性动词。 主句的动作和从句的动作可以是同时发生，也可以是先后发生。 从句可用进行时态，也可用其他时态。既可指时间点，也可指一段时间。 When the accident happened,I was walking along the street. as as 一般情况下强调两个动作同时发生(可与 when/while 互换使用)，还可以说明两种正在发展变化的情况，相当于汉语的“随着”，表示时间的推移；也可表示“一边……一边……”，侧重两个动作同时发生。 As it grew darker,it became colder. / She sang as she went along. 2. 易混词辨析sleep，be asleep,fall asleep与get to asleep sleep sleep 作延续性动词，意为＂睡觉＂，作名词，意为＂睡眠 be asleep be asleep 睡着，强调状态。 fall asleep fall asleep入睡，表示动作的过程，侧重于指无意识地入睡 get to sleep get to sleep睡着，入眠，强调进入睡眠状态, 多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。 3.all与whole 【易混辨析】 all all意为＂ 整个的，全部的＂，强调各个部分组成的整体，可修饰不可数名词/可数名词复数。有冠词/指示代词/所有格等限定词时，all放在它们之前，即all +限定词 + 名词 Are all the students here today? 今天所有的学生都到了吗? whole[来源:学科网] whole意为＂整个的，全部的＂，强调完整无缺，不可分割的整体，修饰单数可数名词，有冠词/指示代词/所有格等限定词时，whole放于它们之后。即限定词+ whole + 名词[来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K][来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K] They told me the whole story. 他们给我讲了整个的故事。[来源:学科网ZXXK] 当复数可数名词前有具体的数量词时，则可以用whole three whole days/all three days 三整天 4.be made of，be made from，be made in，be made up of 【易混辨析】 be made of 表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么，保留原材料的质和形状，制作过程仅发生物理变化。 The kite is made of paper. 这个风筝是用纸做的。 be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化，在成品中已无法辨认。 Butter is made from milk. 黄油是从牛奶中提炼出来的。 be made in 在……地方制造，产于……地方，表示某物是在某地生产或制造的。 This kind of perfume is made in England. 这种香水产于英国。 be made up of 由……组成(构成)，指主要部分由两个或两个以上的部分组成(构成)。 The commission is made up of five people, including two women. 委员会由五人组成，其中包括两名妇女。 5.voice,noise与sound 【易混辨析】 voice 一般指人的说话声、歌声或笑声，也可用来指鸟鸣声或一些拟人化的声音。 He is not in good voice. 他现在的嗓音不好。 noise 意为＂噪声，喧闹声＂，指不悦耳、令人讨厌的声音、杂声、噪声。 The old man enjoyed the holiday, away from the city noise. 这位老人喜欢度假，远离城市的喧闹。 sound 的含义较广，指人们听到的各种声音，有意义或无意义的声音。 There’s no sound coming from the TV. 电视机没有发出声音。 6.rise与raise 【易混辨析】 rise 升起；上升,主语自身移向较高位置 Price rose gradually raise 举起；提高,主语发出的动作作用于其他事物,Let’s raise  our glasses to Tom. 1．—Jim fell _______ in class again today. —He felt _______ because he didn’t sleep well last night. A．sleepy; asleep B．asleep; sleepy C．sleepy; sleepy D．asleep; asleep 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——吉姆今天又在课堂上睡着了。——他昨晚睡得不好，觉得很困。 考查形容词辨析。sleepy困倦的；asleep睡着的。根据“fell”可知，第一空是固定短语fall asleep“入睡”，排除AC选项；第二空是表示“感到困倦”，应用sleepy。故选B。 2．_______ we came back to school, Dale was playing the violin. A．When B．While C．Until D．After 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我们回到学校时，戴尔正在拉小提琴。A. When当…...时候，就在…...时候；B. While当…...时候；C. Until直到，在…...以前；D. After在…...以后。when引导的时间状语从句，通常主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去式，when这时的意思是就在这个时候，表示时间；while引导的短语或从句通常指时间段，引导时间状语从句时，一般用过去进行时，动词用延续性动词，主句既可用一般过去式，也可用过去进行时。本句主句是一般过去式，结合句意可知填when，选A。 3．“Listen! Can you hear the strange _______ outside our house?” he said in a low _______. A．voice; sound B．voice; voice C．sound; sound D．sound; voice 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“听！你能听到我们房子外面的奇怪的声音吗？”他用很低的嗓音问。 考查名词辨析。sound泛指自然界的一切声音；voice一般指人的嗓音。根据“outside our house?”可知，这里指自然界的声音，因此用sound，排除A/B；根据“he said in a low”可知，这里指人的声音，用voice。故选D。 4．The boy ______ his hand and asked if the sun ______ in the east every day. A．rose; rises B．rises; raises C．raised; rises 【答案】C 【详解】句意：男孩举起手问太阳是否每天都从东方升起。 考查动词辨析。raise举起，及物动词；rise升起，不及物动词。第一个空，根据“his hand”可知，此处指举手，且是过去发生的动作，应填raise的过去式；第二个空，陈述的是客观真理，因此时态为一般现在时，故使用rise第三人称单数形式。故选C。 5．A bird doesn’t fear the storm. It flies ________ the wind to rise higher. A．above B．across C．along D．against 【答案】D 【详解】句意：鸟儿不惧怕风暴。它逆风飞翔，只为飞得更高。 考查介词。above在……上面；across穿过；along沿着；against逆向，对抗。根据“A bird doesn’t fear the storm. It flies...the wind to rise higher.”可知，鸟儿需逆风才能借力上升，它不惧怕风暴。故选D。 6．—________ crowded Qingdao Road is! —Well, because the number of the cars has kept ________ since May. A．What a; rising B．How a; raising C．How; rising D．What; raising 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——青岛路多么拥挤啊！——嗯，因为自五月以来，汽车的数量一直在上升。 考查感叹句和动词辨析。此句感叹句句型为“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”，排除A，B，D；raise是及物动词，倾向于人为或被动，而rise是不及物动词。故选C。 7．The girl felt ________ tired last night and then she fell ________ quickly. A．a little; sleepy B．a bit of; asleep C．a little bit; sleepy D．a bit; asleep 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个女孩昨晚感到有点累，然后很快就入睡了。 考查副词短语和形容词辨析。a little=a bit= a little bit意为“有点”，后跟形容词或副词；a little= a bit of意为“一点；一些”，后跟不可数名词，第一空后是tired“疲劳的，累的”，所以第一空可以填a little/a bit/a little bit；形容词asleep意为“睡着的”，形容词sleepy意为“瞌睡的”，根据句意可知，应是女孩很快睡着了，fall asleep“入睡”，所以第二空填asleep。故选D。 8．—Anxi is ________ the City of Tea, right? —Yes. Besides drinks, tea can ________ different kinds of food. A．famous as; be made of B．famous for; be made from C．famous as; be made into D．famous with; be made in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——安溪是作为茶都而闻名，对吗？——是的。除了饮料，茶可以被制成不同种类的食物。 考查动词短语。famous as作为……而闻名，强调身份或称号，be made of由……制成；famous for因……而闻名，强调原因，be made from由……制成（原材料不可见）；famous as作为……而闻名，强调身份或称号，be made into被制成……；famous with表达错误，be made in在……地方制造。根据句意，安溪被称作“茶都”，是一种称号，故用“famous as”。第二个空，根据句意，茶作为原材料时被转化为食物，故用“be made into”。故选C。 9．He spent ________ morning looking for ________ information online, but found nothing useful. A．the whole; all the B．whole the; the all C．the whole; the all D．whole; all 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他花费整个早上寻找所有的网上信息，但没有发现有用的信息。 考查短语。the whole morning意为“整个早上”，固定表达；all the information意为“所有的信息”，固定搭配。故选A。 考点3 重点句型 1. —What were you doing at eight lat night？ --- What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping ? (八下Unit5 P36) 【重点句型】when,while 引导的询问过去时进行的句子。答语常用过去进行时来回答。 when和while的区别 （1）when意为＂在……时；当……的时候＂，常指在某个时间点，可表示时间点或时间段，由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。从句中的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。 （2）while意为＂当……的时候＂，只表示时间段，常指某个时间段，由while引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去进行时。从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词，且多用于进行时态。强调主句与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中。 【例句 】 · — I was just reading a book when she came into my room. 她走进我房间时，我正在看书。 · — While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 吉姆正在修他的自行车时，林涛来看他了。 2. —How does the story begin ? ---- What happened next ? (八下Unit 6 P44) 【重点句型】 特殊疑问词how\what等引导的询问故事开始、进展的句型 其结构：What、How +助动词+主语+动词+其它？答语常根据具体信息进行回答。 What\how +be动词+主语+其它？ 【例句】 · --What is the story about? --It’s about a wise man who tried to move a mountain. 完成句子 1．That old story is about an emperor with a special hobby. (对划线部分提问) that old story about? 【答案】 What is 【详解】句意：那个古老的故事讲的是一位有特殊爱好的皇帝。此处对“an emperor with a special hobby”提问，是对故事内容的提问，用疑问词what，后跟be动词is，故填What；is。 2．Yu Gong was trying to move the mountains because they were so big.(对画线部分提问) Yu Gong trying to move the mountains? 【答案】 Why was 【详解】句意：因为山太大了，愚公正在设法移山。画线部分“because they were so big”是原因，对此提问用why，后加一般疑问句，要把was或were提前。故填Why was。 3．I was taking out the trash when the earthquake happened.（对划线部分提问） you doing when the earthquake happened? 【答案】 What were 【详解】句意：地震发生时，我正在倒垃圾。划线部分表示正在做的事，用What提问，原句含be动词was，疑问句中主语是you，所以was改为were。故填What；were。 4．Mike was sleeping when the rainstorm came. (对划线部分提问) Mike doing when the rainstorm came? 【答案】 What was 【详解】句意：暴风雨来临时迈克正在睡觉。划线部分“was sleeping”是正在做的事，对其提问用特殊疑问词what“什么”，句首字母应大写；疑问句中，需将was提到主语Mike之前。故填What；was。 5．He comes back. I will call you at once.  （合并成句子） I call you he comes back. 【答案】 will as soon as/when/after 【详解】原句意为 “他一回来。我会立刻给你打电话”，合并成含有时间状语从句的复合句，用“as soon as（一······就······）/ at once if/ when/ after”引导从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时will call，故填will；as soon as/ when/ after。 6．Don’t make a promise. You can’t keep it. (用unless合并为一句话) Don’t make a promise you keep it. 【答案】 unless can 【详解】句意：不要做出承诺。你不能遵守它。根据题意和“Don’t make a promise. You can’t keep it.”可知，句子可以表示为“不要做出承诺，除非你能遵守它”，此处应用unless“除非”引导条件状语从句，故第一空填unless。根据“Don’t”可知，句子为一般现在时，“能够”can，故第二空填can。故填unless；can。 7．The twins are reading an English storybook now. （用at that time last night改写句子） The twins an English storybook at that time last night. 【答案】 were reading 【详解】句意：这对双胞胎正在看一本英语故事书。“at that time last night”是过去进行时的标志词，应用was/were doing结构；主语是复数，be动词改为were，现在分词保持不变。故填were；reading。 8．You should write a letter to him.（对划线部分提问） do? 【答案】 What should I 【详解】句意：你应该给他写一封信。画线部分是write him a letter给他写一封信，表示所做的事情，对做的事情提问，应使用特殊疑问词what，后跟should开头的一般疑问句，第二人称you改为第一人称I；句首首字母大写。故填What；should；I。 9．I was cleaning windows at home at that time yesterday．（对画线部分提问） you cleaning windows at that time yesterday? 【答案】Where；were 【详解】句意：昨天这个时候我正在家里清洁窗户。画线部分at home表示地点，对地点提问要用where引导的特殊疑问句，原句采用过去进行时，主语是you，则be动词用were。故填Where；were。 考点4 重点语法 1. 过去进行时 1）、定义及结构 1. 定义 过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。 2. 结构：be (过去式）+ 动词-ing 2）、用法 1. 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事情发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。常用的时间状语when，while。 ☞ My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔了下来。 ☞ It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。 ☞ They left the station while it was raining. 天正在下雨的时候他们离开了车站。 ☞ When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。 【易混辨析】 2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。常用的时间状语：this morning，the whole morning，all day yesterday，from nine to ten last evening。 ☞ What was she doing at nine o’clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？（介词短语表示时间点） ☞ When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。（when从句表示时间点） ☞ We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。 ☞ What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？ 3. 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。 ☞ While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper. 他边等车边看报纸。（两个动作都是延续性的） ☞ He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时我在做饭。（两个动作同时进行） 4. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree，be，believe，belong，care，forget，hate，have(拥有)，hear，know，like，love，mean，mind，notice，own，remember，seem，suppose，understand，want，wish等。学科&网 误：I was knowing the answer. 正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。 误：I wasn’t understanding him. 正：I didn’t understand him. 我不明白他的意思。 3）、与一般过去时的区别 1. 一般过去时叙述旧事，过去进行时描述背景。 A. 一般过去时 （1）叙述过去状态、动作或事件 ☞ He went to Beijing the other day.（带具体时间） （2）表示过去的习惯 ①would，used to与过去时 would 表间断性不规则的习惯，常带频率时间；used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯。 ☞ They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words. ☞ He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为） ② would不可用于句首，只表示过去的习惯。used to表示今昔对比的含义，叙述习惯动作时可与would 换用。 ☞ When he was a boy, he would often go there. （叙述过去） ☞ She isn’t what she used to be. （今昔对比） ③表示状态时一般只用used to ☞ Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. （状态） ④was (were) used to +v-ing表示＂合适于，适应于……＂ ☞ He used to work at night. （＂习惯＂，表经常）[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K] ☞ He was used to working at night. （＂习惯＂，表适应） （3）表示过去的经历，平行动作，依次事件用一般过去时。 ☞ He sat there and listened to the radio. （依次发生） （4）表示客气委婉的语气，用于情态动词，助动词和want，wonder，hope等 ☞ How did you like the film? ☞ Could you help me? B. 过去进行时 （1）表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生的动作 ☞ What were you doing at 8:30 last night? （过去某时刻正在发生） （2）与always，often，usually等连用表示喜爱、讨厌等感情色彩。 ☞ He was always changing his mind. C. 进行时表某一行为的＂片断＂；一般时表示行为的＂整体＂和存在的状态。 ☞ I was reading the book at that time. （未读完，＂读＂的片段） ☞ I read the book yesterday. （已读完，表整个＂读＂） D. 表示在过去的某段时间里一直反复持续进行的动作。 ☞ It was raining all night. ☞ He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. E. while时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。 ☞ He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.[来源:学.科.网] F. while 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时，但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时，两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时，长的用进行时。 ☞ I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano. （平行） ☞ I cooked the dinner while he played the piano. ☞ I saw him while I was walking to the station. 【注意】 英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时） （1）表心理状态、情感的动词，如love，hate，like，care，respect，please，prefer，know等，若用进行时则词意改变。 ☞ I’m forgetting it. ( =beginning to forget ) （2）表示存在、状态的动词，如appear，exist，lie，remain，stand，seem等。 （3）表示感觉的动词，如see，hear，feel，smell，sound，taste等。 （4）表示人的期待、允诺、拒绝、结束的词，如accept，allow，admit，decide，end，refuse，permit，promise等。 2. 状语从句 unless的用法 unless意为＂除非，如果不＂，引导条件状语从句。unless引导的条件状语从句，若主句、从句的动作均未发生，则主句用一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词的句子，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 I shall go unless it rains. 如果不下雨我就去。 I won’t let you in unless you show me your pass. 如果你不出示通行证，我就不让你进来。 We’ll go to town unless it rains tomorrow. 假如明天不下雨，我们就去城里。[来源:学科网ZXXK] 注意： （1）unless通常可以与if... not结构进行相互转换。 You will fail unless you study hard.=You will fail if you don’t study hard.除非你努力学习，否则你会失败。 （2）若unless引导的从句本身为否定句，则unless不能用if...not来替换。 as soon as的用法 as soon as一……就……，强调两个动作几乎是连在一起的，后接从句。当主句是一般将来时，as soon as引导的状语从句应用一般现在时代替将来时。指紧接着发生的两个短动作，主句用一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时。有时，为了特意表达刚刚完成某事就如何，需要用现在完成时。 The students became quiet as soon as the teacher came in. 老师一进来，学生们就安静下来了。 I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back. 他一回来，我就告诉他这个消息。 I’ll return the book as soon as I have finished reading it. 我一读完就把书还回去。 He will come and see you as soon as he can. 他一有空就来看你。 The stars came out as soon as it was dark. 天一黑，星星就出来了。 注意： as soon as 引导的时间状语从句在过去时态中主从句时态保持一致；若主句用一般将来时态，则从句用一般现在时态。 so... that的用法 so... that意为＂如此……以至于＂，引导表示结果的状语从句。so是副词，用以修饰其后的形容词或副词，说明其程度的大小。so... that引导的结果状语从句有如下四种结构： （1）so＋形容词/副词＋that从句 The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map. 这村子太小，所以地图上没有。 The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward. 风刮得那么大，我们简直寸步难行。 （2）so＋形容词＋a/an＋单数名词＋that从句 It was so hot a day that they all went swimming. 天是那么的热以至于他们都去游泳了。 He made so inspiring a speech that everybody got excited. 他发表了如此鼓舞人的演讲以至于大家都很激动。 （3）so＋many/few＋复数名词＋that从句 I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over. 我摔了许多跤，以至于浑身青一块，紫一块。 He has so few friends that he often feels lonely. 他朋友很少，所以经常感到孤独。 （4）so＋much/little＋不可数名词＋that从句 I had so little money then that I couldn’t even afford a used car. 我当时囊中羞涩，甚至连一辆二手车都买不起。 He drank so much wine last night that he felt terrible. 昨晚他喝了那么多的酒，他觉得很不舒服。 （1）当that从句是否定结构，that从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，可用too...to...或＂be not +形容词 + enough to do sth.＂结构替换。需要注意的是，＂be not + 形容词 + enough to do sth.＂中的形容词，应是so...that结构中形容词的反义词。 His brother is so young that he can’t join the army.=His brother is too young to join the army. =His brother is not old enough to join the army. 他弟弟太小了，不能参军。[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K] （2）当that从句是否定结构，that从句的主语与主句的主语不相同时，可用too... for sb. to do sth.替换。 The suit was expensive that I could not buy it.=The suit was too expensive for me to buy. 这套衣服太贵了，我不能买。 （3）当that从句是肯定结构，that从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，可以用＂be + 形容词 + enough to do sth.＂把so... that复合句转化为简单句。 The young man is so strong that he can carry the big box.=The young man is strong enough to carry the big box. 那个年轻人很强壮，能扛动那只大箱子。 （4）当that从句是肯定结构，that从句的主语与主句的主语不相同时，可用＂... enough for sb. to do sth.＂替换。 He ran so slowly that I could catch up with him.=He ran slowly enough for me to catch up with. 他跑得太慢了，我能赶上他。 （5）so... that结构中的＂so + 形容词/副词＂可以提至句首，以加强语气，但要注意用倒装语序。 So bright was the moon that flowers were bright as in the day. 在如此明亮的月光下，花儿像白天一样鲜艳。 1．We ________ a picnic in the park when it started to rain heavily. We had to run for shelter quickly. A．have B．had C．are having D．were having 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当开始下大雨时，我们正在公园里野餐。我们不得不快速跑去找避雨的地方。 考查过去进行时。根据“when it started to rain heavily”可知，此处需用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were+doing”。故选D。 2．While I _______ my homework, my brother _______ video games. A．did; played B．was doing; was playing C．do; plays 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我在做作业时，我哥哥在玩电子游戏。 考查过去进行时。根据“While”可知，表示两个动作同时发生，且动作正在进行，应使用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+doing”。故选B。 3．Don’t make a promise easily ________ you have the ability to realize it. A．unless B．since C．while 【答案】A 【详解】句意：除非你有能力实现它，否则不要轻易许诺。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；since自从；while当……时。根据句意，“轻易许诺”和“有能力实现”之间是条件关系，此处表示“除非有能力，否则不要许诺”，应用unless。故选A。 4．While my brother ________ video games yesterday, I ________ my homework. A．played; finished B．was playing; was finishing C．played; was finishing D．was playing; finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天我弟弟在玩电子游戏的时候，我完成了我的作业。 考查时态。played玩，过去式；finished完成，过去式；was playing正在玩，过去进行时；was finishing正完成，过去进行时。根据题意可知，“play玩”是延续性动词，finish是短暂性动词；while在句中意思是“在…期间；在…的过程中”，引导的是时间状语从句，while引导时间状语从句时，若主从句的动作均发生在过去，主句的动作在从句的动作进行的过程中发生，且从句谓语动词是延续性动词，而主句谓语动词是短暂性动词，从句用过去进行时was/were+doing，主句用一般过去时，从句主语是my brother，所以，第一空应用单数was，即was playing，第二空应用finished。故选D。 5．When his mom ________ out of the restaurant, Tom ________ the pizza. A．came; was eating B．come; was eating C．come; ate D．was coming; ate 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当他妈妈从餐馆出来时，汤姆正在吃披萨。 考查时态。根据“When his mom ... out of the restaurant, Tom ... the pizza.”可知，when引导的时间状语从句，从句谓语动词为瞬间动词，用一般过去时；主句谓语动词为延续性动词，用过去进行时，表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。故选A。 6．When the teacher ________ in, the students were discussing how to make full preparations for the coming sports meeting. A．comes B．came C．is coming D．was coming 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当老师进来的时候，学生们正在讨论如何为即将到来的运动会做好充分的准备。 考查时态。此句是when引导的时间状语从句，主句是过去进行时，此处从句需要用一般过去时，表示过去发生的瞬间性动作，故选B。 7．—What were you doing at 7:00 p.m. yesterday? —I ________ the dishes in the kitchen. A．washed B．wash C．am washing D．was washing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——昨天晚上七点你正在做什么？——我正在厨房洗盘子。 考查过去进行时。washed一般过去时；wash一般现在时；am washing现在进行时；was washing过去进行时。根据“at 7:00 p.m. yesterday”可知，句子是过去进行时。故选D。 8．—How did the accident happen? —The man was reading some messages on his phone ________ walking across the street. A．unless B．after C．while D．before 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——事故是怎么发生的？——这个人在过马路的时候正在看手机上的信息。 考查从属连词辨析。unless除非；after在……之后；while当……时；before在……之后。根据“The man was reading some messages on his phone...walking across the street.”可知，这个人在过马路的时候正在看手机上的信息，用while引导时间状语从句，故选C。 9．_______ we came back to school, Dale was playing the violin. A．When B．While C．Until D．After 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我们回到学校时，戴尔正在拉小提琴。A. When当…...时候，就在…...时候；B. While当…...时候；C. Until直到，在…...以前；D. After在…...以后。when引导的时间状语从句，通常主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去式，when这时的意思是就在这个时候，表示时间；while引导的短语或从句通常指时间段，引导时间状语从句时，一般用过去进行时，动词用延续性动词，主句既可用一般过去式，也可用过去进行时。本句主句是一般过去式，结合句意可知填when，选A。 1、 单项选择 1．—I always left my keys at home. —Maybe you should set an alarm to ________ you. A．carry B．fix C．stop D．remind 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我总是把钥匙落在家里。——也许你应该设置一个闹钟来提醒你。   考查动词辨析。carry携带，搬运；fix修理，安装；stop停止，阻止；remind提醒。根据“Maybe you should set an alarm to...you.”可知，设置闹钟的目的就是“提醒”自己不要忘记带钥匙。故选D。 2．As soon as he ________ back, I’ll tell him when ________ and see him. A．comes, will you come B．will come, do you come C．comes, you will come D．will come, you come 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他一回来，我就会告诉他你什么时候会来见他。 考查时间状语从句和宾语从句。根据“As soon as he...back, I’ll tell him when...and see him.”可知，句中“As soon as he...back”是时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，需用一般现在时表将来，主语是“he”，是第三人称单数，因此第一空使用“comes”；主句含有“when”引导的宾语从句，“你什么时候会来”是将来的动作，应该使用一般将来时态，并且使用陈述语序（主语+谓语），因此第二空使用“you will come”。故选C。 3．I’m afraid we can’t work out the math problem ________ the teacher helps us. A．if B．because C．as soon as D．unless 【答案】D 【详解】句意：除非老师帮助我们，否则恐怕我们解不出这道数学题。 考查连词辨析。if如果；because因为；as soon as一……就……；unless除非，如果不。“the teacher helps us.”是“we can’t work out the math problem”的否定条件，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选D。 4．This morning, I went to school by bus. The bus was ______ slow ______I arrived late for school. A．too; that B．such; that C．so; that D．enough; to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天早上，我坐公共汽车去上学。公共汽车太慢了，我上学迟到了。 考查结果状语从句。such...that..如此……以至于，such修饰名词，that后跟从句；so…that如此……以至于，so修饰形容词/副词，that后跟从句；enough...to do sth.足够……做某事。根据“I arrived late for school”可知，公交车太慢导致迟到了，slow为形容词可知，此处用so…that引导结果状语从句。故选C。 5．The man built a house for the poor puppy________making a fence to keep it away from the garden. A．instead B．instead of C．because D．because of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个男人为那只可怜的小狗建了一座房子，而不是做一个篱笆来让它远离花园。 考查介词短语。instead代替，副词，单独使用，后不接宾语；instead of代替，而不是，介词短语，后接名词/动名词等；because因为，连词，后接句子；because of因为，介词短语，后接名词/动名词等。根据“The man built a house for the poor puppy...making a fence”可知，此处表示“建房子而不是做篱笆”，用instead of。故选B。 6．We ________ a picnic in the park when it started to rain heavily. We had to run for shelter quickly. A．have B．had C．are having D．were having 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当开始下大雨时，我们正在公园里野餐。我们不得不快速跑去找避雨的地方。 考查过去进行时。根据“when it started to rain heavily”可知，此处需用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were+doing”。故选D。 7．—I have trouble ________ the new word. Can you help me? —Sure. You can look it up in the dictionary. A．understanding B．to understand C．understand 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我理解这个新词有困难。你能帮我吗？——当然。你可以在字典里查一下。 考查固定搭配。have trouble (in) doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，因此空格处应填understanding。故选A。 8．Betty has a beautiful ________. She wants to be a singer in the future. A．voice B．look C．noise 【答案】A 【详解】句意：贝蒂有一副好嗓音。她将来想成为一名歌手。 考查名词辨析。voice嗓音；look外貌；noise噪音。根据“wants to be a singer”可知，想成为歌手是因为嗓音好。故选A。 9．—Mom, I didn’t finish my homework. What should I do if Mrs. Li asks about it? —Just tell her the ______. You should admit (承认) your mistake. A．rule B．plan C．truth D．excuse 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我没有完成作业。如果李老师问起这件事我该怎么办？——告诉她真相。你应该承认你的错误。 考查名词辨析。rule规则；plan计划；truth真相；excuse借口。根据“You should admit (承认) your mistake.”可知，此处表示要承认错误，即告诉她真相，所以应该用truth。故选C。 10．It is raining ________. You’d better not go out now. A．heavily B．hardly C．secondly D．beautifully 【答案】A 【详解】句意：雨下得很大。你现在最好别出去。 考查副词词义辨析。heavily大量地，猛烈地；hardly几乎不；secondly第二，其次；beautifully漂亮地。根据“It is raining ...”可知，形容雨下得很大需用“heavily”，符合“不适合外出”的语境。故选A。 2、 适当形式填空 11．The child fell (sleep) soon. 【答案】asleep 【详解】句意：这个小孩很快就睡着了。根据提示词可知，此处指的是“睡着的”。fell为系动词fall的过去式，后接形容词作表语。“fall asleep”意为“入睡”。故填asleep。 12．He thought hard, and then (sudden) he came up with a good idea. 【答案】suddenly 【详解】句意：他苦思冥想，然后突然想到了一个好主意。空格处需要填入一个副词来修饰整个句子，suddenly是sudden的副词形式，表示“突然地”想到主意，在句中作状语，修饰动词短语“came up with”。故填suddenly。 13．My parents were (complete) shocked when they heard of Dr. King’s death. 【答案】completely 【详解】句意：当听到金博士的死讯时，我的父母完全震惊了。根据“My parents were...shocked”可知，横线处需填副词来修饰形容词“shocked”，complete“完全的”，形容词，其副词形式为completely。故填completely。 14．While I was (fold) my clothes, the phone rang. 【答案】folding 【详解】句意：当我正在叠衣服，电话响了。根据while可知，此处用过去进行时“was/were doing sth”，fold的现在分词folding。故填folding。 15．We should tell the truth instead of (cheat) our friends. 【答案】cheating 【详解】句意：我们应该说实话而不是欺骗我们的朋友。“instead of”后面接动名词形式，cheat的动名词为cheating。故填cheating。 16．Yesterday afternoon Dale (lead) us to the library. 【答案】led 【详解】句意：昨天下午，Dale带我们去了图书馆。根据“Yesterday”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填led。 17．Face difficulties and learn from them! (brave) 【答案】bravely 【详解】句意：勇敢面对困难，并从中吸取教训！此处用副词修饰动词“Face”，表示勇敢地面对。故填bravely。 18．He also cut out a picture of colourful balloons and it on the cover. (stick) 【答案】stuck 【详解】句意：他还剪下了一张彩色气球的照片，贴在封面上。分析句子，根据“He also cut…”，可知句中cut为过去式，所以句子时态为一般过去时；根据并列连词and，可知空处也应填动词过去式作谓语，stick意为“粘贴”，其过去式为stuck。故填stuck。 19．He was so that he made a lot of mistakes in the test paper. (care) 【答案】careless 【详解】句意：他太粗心了，以至于在试卷上犯了很多错误。care“关心”，动词；分析句子，空处应填形容词作表语说明主语He；根据“he made a lot of mistakes in the test paper”（他在试卷上犯了很多错误），可知空处表示“太粗心了”，careless“粗心的”，形容词。故填careless。 三、选词填空 阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词汇的适当形式填空，使短文语义完整。 practice  red  he  music  student  while  stop  voice  proud  from Long ago in ancient China, there was a young man named Xue Tan who loved singing. He became a student of Qin Qing, a great 1 known for his magical voice. After practicing for a few months, Xue Tan became 2 . “I’ve learned everything!” he told his teacher. “I’m ready to leave and sing alone!” Instead of getting angry, Qin Qing smiled and held a goodbye party for him on a quiet hillside. As the sun set, Qin Qing began to sing. His 3 started softly, like a gentle breeze (微风). Then it grew louder and stronger, shaking the trees around them. The clouds in the pink evening sky seemed to freeze in place. Birds 4 flying to listen, and even the wind went silent. Xue Tan’s face turned 5 with shame. He realized his teacher’s singing was like a roaring ocean, 6 his own voice was just a tiny stream (溪流). He fell to his knees and cried, “I was wrong to think I knew everything! Please let me keep learning 7 you.” Qin Qing kindly helped 8 up. “True skill isn't about showing off,” he said. “It’s about listening-to the world, to your heart, and to those who came before you.” From that day on, Xue Tan decided to 9 hard. He imitated (模仿) the rhythm of rainstorms and learned melodies from bird songs. Years later, when people praised his talent, he always said, “I’m still just Qin Qing’s 10 .” 【答案】 1．musician 2．proud 3．voice 4．stopped 5．red 6．while 7．from 8．him 9．practice 10．student 【导语】本文为记叙文，讲述中国古代薛谭向秦青学唱歌，起初自满想离开，后被秦青歌声震撼，明白自身不足，继续求学，最终刻苦练习的故事。 1．句意：他成为了秦青的学生，秦青是一位以神奇嗓音闻名的伟大音乐家。a后接可数名词单数，结合“known for his magical voice”，可知是“音乐家”，music表示“音乐家”的名词形式是musician，故填musician。 2．句意：练习了几个月后，薛谭变得骄傲起来。became是系动词，后接形容词作表语，根据后文“I’ve learned everything!”体现出薛谭的自满，proud“骄傲的”符合语境，故填proud。 3．句意：他的嗓音轻柔地响起，像一阵微风。his后接名词，根据“Qin Qing began to sing”，可知说的是嗓音，故填voice。 4．句意：鸟儿停止飞行去聆听，甚至风都安静了。结合语境，鸟儿为聆听歌声停下飞行，stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，文章是一般过去时，stop的过去式是stopped，故填stopped。 5．句意：薛谭的脸因羞愧变红了。turned是系动词，后接形容词，因羞愧脸会变红，red“红色的”符合，故填red。 6．句意：他意识到老师的歌声像汹涌的海洋，而他自己的声音只是一条小溪流。这里是对比老师和自己的歌声，while“然而”，表对比，符合语境，故填while。 7．句意：请让我继续向你学习。learn from sb.“向某人学习”是固定短语，故填from。 8．句意：秦青友善地将他扶起来。help sb. up“帮某人起身”，sb.用宾格，这里指薛谭，he的宾格是him，故填him。 9．句意：从那天起，薛谭决定努力练习。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，结合学唱歌要练习，practice“练习”符合，故填practice。 10．句意：我仍然只是秦青的学生。Qin Qing’s后接名词，薛谭是秦青的学生，student“学生”符合，故填student。 17 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $