内容正文:
考点4动词的时态和语态接中考:选铜摸到
///W广西中考解读
动词的时态和语态主要在单项选择和选词填空中考查。具体如下表:
年份
2021
2025
2026
2020
2022
2023
2024
预测
答题关键
考查点
动
一般现在时
90
90.93
92
69
词
般过去时
38
的
时
现在进行时
38
89
39
态
过去进行时
38
熟记标志词与谓
动
一般现在时
语动词的时态和
词
的被动语态
州
82
语态的用法
的
语
般将来时
的被动语态
40
态
分数占比
2分
3分
3分
2.5分
2.5分
1分
/////III课标导图抓核心
IIII///
构成:①am/is/are+表语;②实义动词原形或第三人称单数形式作谓语
时间标志词:always,usually,often,.sometimes,.once a week,every day/
般现在时
week/month/year,on/at weekends
构成:①was/were+表语;②实义动词的过去式作谓语
时间标志词:yesterday,.the day before yesterday,.last week/month/Monday,
般过去时
段时间+ago(如:ten days ago),just now,in the past,.in2023等
构成:①will/shal+动词原形;②am/is/are going to+动词原形
时间标志词:tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,next week/month/year,in+
动词的时态
般将来时
段时间(如:in two days),in the future,in2030等
构成:am/is/are+动词的现在分词
现在进行时
时间标志词:now,right now,at present,at the moment,these days等
构成:was/were+动词的现在分词
过去进行时
时间标志词:at six o'clock yesterday,.at this time yesterday等
构成:have/has+动词的过去分词
时间标志词:already,yet,just,ever,never,so far,,for+一段时间(如:for five
现在完成时
years),since+过去某一时间点等
主动语态
概念:主语是动作的执行者
由by引出,by意为“被,由”;概念:主语是动作的承受者
被动
般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are+done
动词的语态
语态
般过去时的被动语态:was/were+done
构成
般将来时的被动语态:will/shall/be going to+be+done
含情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+done
主动语态变
被动语态的方法
口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓语动词用被动
主动形式表被动意义
100
考点讲解
1.动词的基本形式
请口诀助记
(1)动词的规则变化
动词三单现在时,
一般词尾加-s。
类别
用法或变化规则
示例
s、x、ch、sh在词尾,
用于情态动词、助动词
直接加上-es。
词尾若是字母0,
动词原形
不定式符号to之后或祈Open the door,please.
请开门。
加上-es不用愁。
使句句首
词尾若是铺音y,
般情况加-s
help-helps
improve→improves
变y为i是正规,
guess-→guesses fix→fixes
es在后紧跟随。
动词原形
以s,x,ch,sh,
teach-①
→第三
o结尾加-es
wash→washes go→goes
人称单数
以辅音字母加y结尾,
fly→flies study-→②
先变y为i,再加-es
ty③
help→helped/.helped
口以图助记
般情况加-ed
walk→walked/.walked
我们一起穿越到过去。
live→lived/lived
以不发音的e结尾加-d
动词原形
promise->promised/promised
→过去式/
以辅音字母加y结尾,先
ty→④
过去分词
变y为i,再加-ed
carry->carried/carried
只有一个辅音字母结尾
的重读闭音节,先双写该
stop->stopped/stopped
辅音字母,再加-ed
一般情况,加-ing
read→reading
feel→feeling
以不发音的e结尾,先去
live→living
e,再加-ing
write-⑤
动词原形
以ie结尾的单音节词,
→现在分
die→dying
lie→lying
先变ie为y,再加-ing
词/动名词
只有一个辅音字母结尾
的重读闭音节,先双写该
stop→⑥
run→running
辅音字母,再加-ing
(2)动词的不规则变化【具体内容见本册P161】
☒以图助记
2.动词的时态
向一般过去时出发。
(1)一般现在时VS一般过去时
一般现在时
一般过去时
terdy-8。st6
1.
主语+am/is/are+表语
结
1.主语+was/were+表语
2.主语+动词原形/动词的第三人
香
2.主语+动词的过去式+宾语
称单数形式+宾语
101
续表
)易错点
般现在时
般过去时
1.现在完成时VS一般过去时
1.频度副词:always,
1.一段时间+ago
现在完成时表示过去发生的某
usually,
一动作对现在造成的影响或结
often,sometimes,seldom,never.
2.yesterday及yesterday词组
果,强调的是现在的情况,所以它
hardly ever
3.last+时间词
不能和表示过去的时间状语(如:
标
yesterday,last night,three weeks
in
志
2.频度词组:once a year,twice a
4.just now,in the past,
ago,in1990)连用。
month,three times a day
1920等
●一般过去时只表示过去的动作
词
3.其他词组:on Sundays,at/on
5.at the age of...,used to...
或状态,和现在不产生联系,它可
以和上述表示过去的时间状语连
weekends,
every
day/year/...
6.one day,long long ago,
用。如:
(every系列)
once upon a time
我强调过去。
我强调现在。
1.表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的动
作,常与频度副词连用。如:
现在
1.表示过去某个时间里发生的
去时
元成时日
I always get up early.
动作或存在的状态。如:
2.表示主语现在的特征或状态
I⑦
the film.我看过这
I got up early this morning.
等。如:
部电影。(我了解这部电影的
2.
表示过去常常或反复发生的
内容。)
She has a good sense of humor.
I⑧
the film last week.
动作,常与频度副词连
3.表示客观真理、客观存在或自然
我上星期看了这部电影。(只说
用。如:
明上星期看了这部电影,不涉及
现象。如:
When Nancy was a little girl,
现在的情况。)
The earth moves around the sun.
常
He⑨
here since1992.自
she often played games with
4.主将从现:一个复合句含有由
1992年以来他一直住在这里。(他
见
her sister.
现在还住在这里。)
when,after,
before,until,as
用
3.有些句子没有明确表示过去
He⑩_here in1992.1992年
soon as,once等引导的时间状语
他住在这里。(不涉及他现在是否
法
时间的状语,但实际上是过
从句或由if,unless,as long as等
还住在这里。)
及
去发生的,应用一般过去
引导的条件状语从句,主句若用
例
时。如:
一般将来时,从句用一般现在时
句
-Excuse me,sir.It's a non-
表将来。如:
smoking area.
If you go to that party,I will go as
-Sorry.I didn't see it.
well.
4.在since引导的时间状语从句
5.表示按计划或安排好的将要发生
中,主句用现在完成时,从句
的动作,用一般现在时表将来,
用一般过去时。如:
但仅限于start,begin,leave,go,
It has been seven years since I
come,arrive等动词。如:
四以图助记
got this bike.
The train
leaves at five this
现在正在下雨
“It is raining.
afternoon.
现在
(2)现在进行时VS过去进行时
8
进行时
6
过去P
现在进行时
过去进行时
进行时
结
主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分
主语+was/were+动词的现在
昨天这时正在下雨
构
词+宾语
分词+宾语
“It was raining.”。
102
续表
)易错点
现在进行时
过去进行时
~般过去时VS过去进行时
·一般过去时表示过去发生过的
1.now
1.then
动作,强调动作结束了,侧重于
2.at this time,at the/this moment,
2.at that time,at ten yesterday,at
事实。
志
at present
this time yesterday
·过去进行时表示动作在过去某
词3.when,while
3.
when/while引导的表示过去时
时刻或某段时间内正在进行,强
4.Look!/Listen!
间的状语从句
调动作的持续性和未完成
1.表示此时此刻正在进行的动
性。如:
1.表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动
作。如:
1①
a letter to a friend
作。如:
I am writing an email to my cousin.
last night..昨天晚上我给一个朋
I was watching TV at nine last
2.表示现阶段一直在进行的动
友写了一封信。(信写完了,强调
night.
事实)
常
作,此刻不一定在进行,常用
2。表示过去某段时间内持续进行
1②
a letter to a friend at
见
时间状语有:this/these+表示
的动作。如:
this time last night..昨天晚上这个
用
一段时间的名词。如:
We were watching TV from six to
时候,我正在给一个朋友写信
法
Jim is preparing for an important
eight last night.
(信不一定完成了,强调动作)
及
painting competition these days.
3.表示一个动作发生时,另一个动
例3.be doing表示将来,常用于这种
作正在进行,常出现在when,
句
结构的动词有:go,come,leave,
while,as引导的时间状语从句
stay,start,begin,表示即将发生
中。如:
或安排好要做的事情。如:
Everybody was dancing while the
My aunt is leaving for Guilin this
music was playing.
afternoon.
(3)一般将来时
△以图助记
基本结构及时间标志词
常见用法及例句
我们是一般将来时组合!
1.
表示将来某个时间会发生的动作
1.主语+will/shall-+动词原形+
或存在的状态。如:
am/is/九
结
表语/宾语
They will leave for Shanghai next
e
to
构2.主语+am/is/are going to+动
week.
2.表示某种必然的趋势。如:
词原形+表语/宾语
Fish will die without water.
3.be going to+动词原形,表示计
划、打算做某事,常指已决定
的、很可能发生的事情,或有某
种迹象表明要发生的事情。如:
1.tomorrow,soon,someday
I am going to visit my grandparents
标2.next week./month(next系列)
this weekend.(计划)
志
Look at the dark clouds.There is
3.in a week,in2027,in+一段时
going to be a storm.(客观迹象)
词
间,in the future
4.“be about to+动词原形”或“beto
4.this Friday,this week
+动词原形”结构也可表示即将
发生的动作。如:
The football match is about to
begin.
103
(4)现在完成时
④以图助记
基本结构及时间标志词
常见用法及例句
我把你们连在一起。
结
主语+has/have+动词的过去
1.表示过去发生的动作或已经完成
现在完成时
构
分词+表语/宾语
的动作对现在造成的影响。如:
1.already,
He has turned off the light.
ever,never,just,
2.
表示从过去开始持续到现在的动
现在
(过去
yet,still
标
2.recently,so far
作或状态,也许还要持续下去,
志
常和for,since连用,动词应用延
3.in the past/last 3 years/...
词
4.since1998,since+一段时间+
续性动词。如:
ago,since+-时间状语从句
Mr White has worked in this factory
5.for+一段时间
since it opened.
实义动词还可以根据动作是否延续分为:①延续性动词;②非延续性
动词。
分类
定义
例词
例句
表示可以持续的动作或状
延续性
live,stay,study,I have
studied in this
态,可以和表示一段时间
动词
的时间状语连用
work,keep,teach school for three years.
表示在短暂时间内可以完buy,lend,borrow,
非延续
成的动作,不可以和表示die,begin,stop,
She bought a nice watch.
性动词
段时间的时间状语连用
arrive
3.
动词的语态
(1)被动语态的结构
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成,助动词be有人称、
时态和数的变化。常见时态(含情态动词)的被动语态构成如下:
时态
被动语态结构
例句
The classroom is cleaned
by
us
般现在时
am/is/are+done
every day.
The classroom was cleaned
by us
般过去时
was/were+done
☒以图助记
yesterday afternoon.
我的主语是
我的主语是
will/shall/be going
The classroom will be cleaned by us
谓语动词所
谓语动词所
般将来时
表示的动作
表示的动作
to+be+done
this afternoon.
的执行者。
的承受者。
The classroom should be cleaned by us
含情态动词
情态动词+be+done
this afternoon.
动语态
成动语态
(2)主动语态变被动语态的方法
主动语态:
They
planted
a tree.
主语
谓语
宾语
被动语态:
Atree
was planted
by them.
宾语变主语be+过去分词
主语变为hy+宾语
104
许多由“不及物动词+介词/副词”构成的短语,相当于及物动词,·口诀助记
在变为被动语态时,动词后的介词或副词不可省略。如:You should宾变主,主变宾,
take care of the children.-The children should be taken care of.
谓语动词用被动。
谓语动词接双宾语时,既可以将间接宾语转化为主语,也可以将直
接宾语转化为主语(此时要在被保留的间接宾语前加上相应的介
词)。如:
My mother gave me a book.-I was given a book by my mother.
-A book was given to me by my mother.
通以图助记
在某些主动语态中省略“to”的动词不定式变为被动语态时,要加
“to”。常见的动词有make,let,have,get,see,watch,hear,feel,
notice等。如:
。1
We saw a monkey jump off the tree.-A monkey was seen to jump off
哼!没有我,一
你们哪儿都
to
the tree.
去不了。
(3)主动形式表被动意义的情况
主动形式表被动意义的情况
例句
某些系动词,如look,sound,taste,smell,,
☑以图助记
The T-shirt feels comfortable.
feel等,可用主动形式表示被动意义
不好意思,我来晚了。
open,close,shut,lock,move,write,read,
sell,clean,cook,burm等作不及物动词时,
Her new novel sells well.
它们的主语为物,常用主动形式表示被动The door can't open..
动词)
结束
意义
sel发生
千始
sth.be worth doing结构中,doing表示被动
This book is worth reading.
意义
“need/require+doing”相当于“need/require
Your car needs washing.
+to be done'”,其中to be done是不定式的被
Your car needs to be washed.
动结构
●不能使用被动语态的情况
①不及物动词(短语)没有被动语态,常见的有happen,take place,
belong to等;
②表示状态的动词没有被动语态,常见的有have,own,fail,cost,fit,
last(持续)等;
③祈使句一般没有被动语态;
④反身代词在句中作宾语时,不能用被动语态;
⑤当及物动词leave,enter,reach等的宾语是表示地点和处所的名词☑以图助记
时,不能用被动语态。
我们不能用于被动语态。
答案:①teaches②studies③tries④tried/tied⑤writing
⑥stopping⑦have seen/,watched⑧saw/watched⑨has lived
there be
系表
不及物
⑩lived①wrote2 was writing
结构
结构
动词
105
考点测验
广西6年真题练
4.Nowadays,more and more foreigners are
一、单项选择
in love with Chinese history and culture.
1.[2024广西39题]Listen!The birds
5.Alice enjoys flying kites with her friends in the
in the tree now.
park when spring
A.sing
B.sang
C.are singing
6.Tea is popular all over the world,and it is
2.[2023广西38题]Yesterday I
basketball
by millions of people every day.
with my classmates.We had a good time.
四、选词填空
A.will play B.play
C.played
keep clean collect plant use
3.[2022北部湾经济区38题]一What were you
join pick take walk visit
doing when I called you last night?
Last week,Green Middle School held a
football with my father.
special event to celebrate Tree Planting Day.
A.play
B.will play C.was playing
Students from different classes 7.
part in
4.[2021北部湾经济区38题改编]Look!The
various activities.Some students planted trees in
musician
at the piano,ready to play
the school garden.They said,"We are 8.
A.sat
B.is sitting
C.was sitting
these trees to make our school more beautiful.
二、选词填空
Other students cleaned up the playground.The
give write see lose
rubbish was 9.
up and put into different
5.[2024广西82题改编]If your experiences are bins for recycling.While the students were
into the songs,your life will be more
10.
back to school,it suddenly rained.
fun.
Next month,the school will have a charity
6.[2023广西78题改编]In the city,people in sale.Students plan to sell their old books,toys,
Hanfu are often
in the streets.
and clothes.All the money will be 11.
7.[2022北部湾经济区89题改编]Many animals to help children in the countryside.“I'm excited
are
their lives because of human
about the sale,"said Lily,a seventh-grade
activities.
student.“I have12.
some interesting
8.
[2022北部湾经济区92题改编]Love
storybooks to sell.”
animals.You could
them a hand
In addition to after-school activities,
many
when it is necessary.
students also 13.
community service
拓展提升练
programs regularly.For example,every Sunday,
三、选词填空基础题
Tom 14.
an old people's home.The old
come watch have drink fall set
people's rooms are completely 15.
by
1.I
fun in Harbin Ice and Snow World
Tom each time.Sometimes they perform interesting
last winter vacation.I want to go there again!
shows for the elderly.Last Sunday,they sang many
2.I have already
the film Ne Zha 2
old songs,and the old people were very happy."I
twice.Many of my friends like this film.
wl16.
helping others in the future,"
3.From tomorrow on,I will
goals and
said Tom."Doing volunteer work makes me feel
make plans every day to improve my learning.
great.”
106九年级(上)Modules7-9
一阶考点讲练
1.poor 2.supposed 3.speak 4.from 5.wait 6.growing
7.singing 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.B 12.dead 13.for
14.of 15.died 16.from 17.death 18.out 19.in
20.live 21.alive 22.lived;living;lively 23.from 24.to
25.kept 26.lend;borrowed;keep;return
二阶随堂小测
-、1.D2.E3.F4.C5.A
1.through 2.properly 3.suppose 4.developments
5.spread 6.twentieth 7.different 8.single 9.direction
10.replaced
九年级(上)Modules10-12
一阶考点讲练
1.as 2.wear 3.accept 4.from 5.for 6.to 7.up
8.into/to 9.to 10.of;from;by;into;in 11.talking
12.watching 13.spending
二阶随堂小测
1.waste 2.Repeat 3.really 4.and 5.better 6.throwing
第二部分
专题一名词
考点1名词词义辨析
广西6年真题溯源
1.C2.B3.B4.C5.B6.A7.C8.A9.B
10.C11.A12.A13.B14.B15.A16.A17.C
18.C19.B
拓展提升
1.B2.A3.B4.C5.A6.B7.C8.A9.C
10.B
考点2名词的数
广西6年真题溯源
1.part 2.photos 3.feelings 4.radio 5.foreigners 6.doo
7.history
拓展提升
1.rules 2.problem 3.classes 4.instructions 5.paintings
6.roles 7.things 8.air 9.advantages 10.picnics
11.leaves 12.birds 13.word 14.women 15.glasses
16.Germans 17.tomatoes 18.knives
考点3名词所有格
1.Children's 2.teachers'3.father's 4.minutes'5.women's
专题二动词
考点1动词词义辨析
广西6年真题溯源
1.A2.A3.A4.C5.C6.C7.A8.A9.B
10.B11.C12.C13.A14.B15.A16.B17.B
18.C19.C20.A
拓展提升
1.C2.B3.B4.B5.C6.A7.A8.C9.B
10.A
考点2动词短语辨析
广西6年真题溯源
1.B2.B3.A4.A5.C6.A7.C
拓展提升
1.B2.C3.C4.C5.B6.C7.C8.A9.B
10.C11.B12.C13.B14.B15.C16.A17.C
18.A19.B20.C21.B22.A23.A24.B25.C
26.C27.B28.A
7.Divide 8.policy 9.rapid 10.steps
九年级(下)Modules1-4
一阶考点讲练
1.for 2.last 3.At 4.the 5.till 6.because of;because
7.do with 8.deal with 9.watch 10.describe 11.play;
spending;increase 12.prefer 13.has
二阶随堂小测
一、1.B2.F3.E4.D5.C
1.pass 2.absent 3.bell 4.lasts 5.subjects 6.our
7.Whenever 8.popular 9.seldom 10.progress
九年级(下)Modules5-8
一阶考点讲练
1.learn 2.keep 3.take 4.thinking 5.that 6.in
7.believed 8.A 9.achieved 10.achievements 11.realise;
achieve/realise:come true
二阶随堂小测
-、1.C2.B3.D4.F5.A
1.physical 2.achieve 3.including 4.once 5.most
6.night 7.general 8.something 9.types 10.harms
语法专题讲练
考点3情态动词
广西6年真题溯源
1.B2.A
拓展提升
1.should 2.can 3.can't 4.must 5.shouldn't 6.May
7.needn't/don't have to 8.can't 9.must 10.can/may
考点4动词的时态和语态
广西6年真题溯源
1.C 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.written 6.seen 7.losing
8.give
拓展提升
1.had 2.watched 3.set 4.falling 5.comes 6.drunk
7.took 8.planting 9.picked 10.walking 11.used
12.collected 13.join 14.visits 15.cleaned 16.keep
考点5非谓语动词
广西6年真题溯源
1.celebrate 2.show 3.ride
拓展提升
1.go 2.running 3.left 4.travel 5.keep 6.collecting
7.get 8.protect 9.Reducing 10.buying 11.using
12.know 13.fight 14.turn 15.walk 16.recycling
17.throw 18.paying 19.reading 20.grow 21.building
22.reviewing
考点6主谓一致
广西6年真题溯源
1.refuse 2.like 3.lasts
拓展提升
1.want 2.is 3.like 4.cook 5.costs 6.need 7.keeps
8.studies 9.is 10.think 11.causes 12.allows 13.avoids
14.learn 15.let 16.give 17.waits 18.holds 19.has
20.helps 21.wins
专题三形容词和副词
考点1形容词、副词词义辨析
广西6年真题溯源
1.B2.C3.B4.C5.C6.B7.C8.C9.C
10.A11.A12.A13.B14.A15.C16.C
17.bad 18.favourite 19.strong 20.much 21.difficult
22.even 23.quietly 24.proudly 25.back 26.outside
3