内容正文:
专题01 名词(复习讲义)
目 录
01 析·考情目标
02 筑·专题框架
03 攻·重难考点
真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨
考点一 实义动词
考点二 情态动词
考点三 助动词和系动词
考点四 动词短语
04 测·预测闯关
命题透视
1、从近5年广东中考题目分值上看,动词考点占卷面分值较高,考查主要出现在语法选择、完形填空、短文填词中。
2、考查的命题点有:实义动词、情态动词、连系动词和助动词的基本用法;动词词义辨析;动词短语的词义辨析。
热考角度
考点
题型
考频
考查内容
动词词义辨析
完形填空
5年15考
①2025年(3分):kept, return, started, moving
②2024年(2分):thought, accepted
③2023年(3分):draw, changed, holding
④2022年(3分):help, work, share
⑤2021年(3分):protect, encouraging, see
情态动词
语法选择
5年1考
2024年(1分):can
助动词
和系动词
短文填空
5年2考
①2023年(1.5分):be
②2022年(1.5分):become
动词短语
完形填空
5年5考
①2025年(1分):gave away
②2024年(1分):lead to
③2023年(1分):waiting for
④2022年(1分):take away
⑤2021年(1分):looking for
短文填空
5年1考
2023年(1.5分):went by
命题预测
在广东中考中动词的考查延续“词义辨析为主、短语搭配升温、情态助动隐性化”三大趋势,需通过“语境记忆+变形规则”双轨突破,备考时应重点梳理高频易混动词、熟记核心短语搭配,并关注不规则动词变形与完成时助动用法。
考点一 实义动词
1.(2025·广东省卷·中考真题完形填空节选)In a narrow hutong in Beijing lies a small library. It is only seven square meters in size, but thousands of books are 41 in it. Unlike traditional libraries, this one doesn’t require its readers to 42 the books. Instead, it encourages them to pass those books on to someone else when they’ve finished reading. This library was 43 by Mr. Xu, a businessman, in 2010.
Xu’s library might be the smallest in the world, but in another sense, it’s also the biggest because its books keep 46 .
41.A.kept B.written C.printed D.punished
42.A.return B.copy C.lend D.buy
43.A.locked B.started C.hidden D.guarded
46.A.burning B.moving C.falling D.shaking
【答案】 41.A 42. A 43. B 46. B
【解析】
41.句意:它只有七平方米大,但里面却保存着数千本书。
kept保存;written写;printed打印;punished惩罚。根据“but thousands of books are...in it”可知,此处指图书馆保存着数千本书。故选A。
42.句意:与传统图书馆不同,这个图书馆不要求读者还书。
return归还;copy复制;lend借出;buy买。根据“Instead, it encourages them to pass those books on to someone else when they’ve finished reading.”可知,这个图书馆鼓励读者将看完的书传递给其他人,而不是要求读者还书。故选A。
43.句意:这个图书馆是由商人徐先生在2010年创办的。
locked锁;started开始,创办;hidden隐藏;guarded守卫。根据“The idea took shape when Xu recommended books online to students...”可知,此处指图书馆是由徐先生创办的。故选B。
46.句意:徐先生的图书馆可能是世界上最小的,但从另一个意义上说,它也是最大的,因为它的书一直在流动。
burning燃烧;moving移动,流动;falling落下;shaking摇晃。根据“Once, a reader took home an English book on Chinese history. A week later, he passed it on to a neighbor...the book traveled all the way abroad and ended up in Germany.”可知,徐先生的图书馆的书一直在流动,被传递给不同的人。故选B。
2.(2025·广东省广州卷·中考真题)Charlie was a supporting role in our school’s musical play. The story was about a little girl and the dog she saved. I was the one to a perfect Charlie.
A.find B.train C.keep D.buy
【答案】 A
【解析】句意:我要找到一个完美的扮演Charlie的狗。
find找到;train训练;keep保持;buy买。根据“I had to find a new Charlie fast.”可知,此处表示要找到一只合适的狗来扮演Charlie。故选A。
核心1、动词的分类
实义动词是指具有完整意义并能独立作谓语的动词,主要表示主语的动作、状态和品质。实义动词根据其后能否直接接宾语可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
类别
用法
举例
及物动词
①动词+宾语
及物动词
②动词+宾语+宾语补足语
③动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
①We ate pizza for lunch.
我们午餐吃了披萨。
②The news made him happy.
这则消息让他感到高兴。
③My mom gave me a gift.
我妈妈送给我一份礼物。
不及物动词
本身有完整的意思,后不接宾语。若其不及物动词后要接宾语,需加入适当的介词。
①The baby sleeps peacefully.
婴儿睡得很安稳。
②We arrived at the station at 6:00 p.m.
我们于下午6点到达了车站。
注意:有些动词既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词。
如:He runs a company.他经营着一家公司。
He runs every morning.他每天早上都跑步。
核心2、动词的基本形式
基本形式
变化规则
示例
动词原形
动词的基本形式
be, do, have
第三人称单数形式
一般在动词后直接加-s
read→reads,
run→________, think→_______
以ch, sh, s, o, x结尾的动词后加-es
wash→washes, teach→ __________ ,
go→________, pass→___________,
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变成i,再加-es
study→studies,
carry→_______,
try→___________
不规则变化
be→is, have→___________
巧记:清辅元后加-s,ch/sh/s/x/o后加-es; 辅音加y变i-es,其余直接-s莫迟疑!
动词的-ing形式
一般在动词后直接加-ing
read→reading, go→_______
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing
live→living, write→______,
coming→_____
以重读闭音节结尾的动词,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音字母后加-ing
sit→sitting,
begin→__________,
run→__________
少数几个以ie结尾的动词要先变ie为y,再加-ing
die→dying,
lie→_______, tie→_______
巧记:一般直接-ing, 哑e去e再加-ing; 重闭辅音双写尾,ie变y再加ing!
过去式和过去分词
一般在动词后直接加-ed
work→worked, play→__________
以不发音字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d
invite→invited, promise→___________
hope→__________
以重读闭音节结尾的动词,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音字母后加-ed
stop→stopped, plan→__________,
plan→___________
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变为i,再加-ed
carry→carried, study→__________
worry→_________
不规则变化
A-B-C型、A-B-B型、A-B-A型
grow-grew-grown
run→___________→__________
巧记:直接-ed最常见,哑e结尾要添-d, 重闭辅音双写尾,辅音加y变i-ed!
1.Daming’s grandfather usually ________ a walk in the nearby park after dinner.
A.takes B.was taking C.will take D.has taken
【答案】A
【详解】句意:大明的爷爷通常在晚饭后去附近的公园散步。
考查动词时态。句中“usually”表示经常性、习惯性的动作,应使用一般现在时,且主语“Daming’s grandfather”为第三人称单数,动词需用三单形式。故选A。
2.Your gift ________ me!
A.surprised B.surprising C.surprisingly D.were surprising
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你的礼物让我惊讶!
考查动词用法。surprised使惊讶(动词),惊讶的(形容词);surprising令人惊讶的(形容词);surprisingly令人惊讶地(副词);were surprising是令人惊讶的。根据句子结构,空处为谓语,主语是“Your gift”,D项语法错误,不应用were,A项符合。故选A。
3.My classmates and I ________ flowers in our school garden last Friday.
A.plant B.are planting C.will plant D.planted
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我和我的同学上周五在我们学校的花园里种了花。
考查动词时态。plant种植,动词原形;are planting正在种植,现在进行时;will plant将要种植,一般将来时;planted种植,一般过去时/过去分词。根据时间状语“last Friday”可知,动作发生在过去,应使用一般过去时。故选D。
4.Look! The children ________ kites in the park.
A.fly B.flew C.are flying D.have flown
【答案】C
【详解】句意:看!孩子们正在公园里放风筝。
考查现在进行时。句首“Look!”提示动作正在发生,需用现在进行时,其结构为be doing,主语The children为名词复数,be动词用are。故选C。
5.The work ________ already ________.
A.has; finished B.has; been finished
C.is; finished D.was; finished
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这项工作已经完成了。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据句意,主语“The work”与动词“finish”之间是被动关系,且时间状语“already”表示动作已完成,强调对现在的影响,需用现在完成时的被动语态has/have been+过去分词。故选B。
6.After losing the game, Peter’s father came to his room and ________ him some good advice.
A.gives B.gave C.will give D.has given
【答案】B
【详解】句意:输掉比赛后,彼得的爸爸来到他的房间,给了他一些好建议。
考查动词时态。gives第三人称单数;gave过去时;will give一般将来时结构;has given现在完成时结构。根据“came to his room”可知,句子描述的是过去发生的一系列动作,时态应保持一致,用一般过去时。故选B。
7.—Why can you speak English so well?
—Because I ________ an international student as my language learning partner last term.
A.find B.found C.will find D.am finding
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你为什么英语说得这么好?——因为我上学期找到了一个国际学生作为我的语言学习伙伴。
考查一般过去时。根据时间状语“last term”可知,动作发生在过去,应使用一般过去时,空处填过去式的found作谓语。故选B。
8.Bread and butter ________ a common breakfast in Western countries.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】A
【详解】句意:涂黄油的面包在西方国家是一种常见的早餐。
考查主谓一致。is是,be的第三人称单数现在时形式;are是,用于第一人称复数、第二人称单复数和第三人称复数的现在时形式;was是,be的第一和第三人称单数过去式;were是be的过去时复数和第二人称单数形式。句中“bread and butter”表示一种搭配食物(涂黄油的面包),视为一个整体概念,谓语动词用单数,且句子描述一般事实,用一般现在时。故选A。
9.She usually ________ to school by bike, but today she ________ by bus.
A.goes; goes B.goes; went C.went; goes D.went; went
【答案】B
【详解】句意:她通常骑自行车去上学,但今天她乘公交车去了。
考查一般现在时和一般过去时。goes去,第三人称单数;went去,过去式。前半句有“usually”,表示习惯性动作,用一般现在时,主语“she”为第三人称单数,故第一空填goes;后半句有“today”,结合“but”表示转折,强调今天的具体情况已发生,应用一般过去时,故第二空填went。故选B。
10.Tom ________ any help because he can do the work himself.
A.needs B.doesn’t need to C.doesn’t need D.needn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:汤姆不需要任何帮助,因为他自己能做这项工作。
考查need的用法。needs需要,第三人称单数;doesn’t need to不需要做某事,后接动词原形;doesn’t need不需要,后接名词或代词;needn’t不必,情态动词,后接动词原形。空格后为“any help”(名词短语),因此应选择能直接接名词的否定形式。选项C“doesn’t need”符合“不需要任何帮助”的搭配。故选C。
11.—Where is your father?
—He ______ in the garden.
A.works B.worked C.is working D.has worked
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你父亲在哪里?——他正在花园里工作。
考查动词时态。works一般现在时,表示经常性动作;worked一般过去时,表示过去动作;is working现在进行时,表示正在进行的动作;has worked现在完成时,表示过去发生且与现在有关的动作。根据问句“Where is your father?”询问父亲此刻在哪里,答句应强调“正在花园里工作”这一当前正在进行的动作,需用现在进行时。故选C。
12.Chinese English learners often start to talk about topics in English but_________ up in Chinese.
A.use B.end C.pick D.ends
【答案】B
【详解】句意:中国的英语学习者经常用英语开始谈论主题,但是结束时却讲的是中文。
考查动词词义辨析。use使用;end结束;pick捡;ends,结束,第三人称单数形式。根据空格后“up in”可知是“end up in”表示以……结束”。主语是“Chinese English learners”,是复数,故选B。
13.The national flag ________ in our school before morning exercise every day.
A.rises B.is raised C.is risen D.raises
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们学校每天晨练前升国旗。
考查一般现在时被动语态。raise升起,及物动词;rise升起,不及物动词。主语flag与动词是被动关系,不及物动词没有被动语态,故排除ACD,故选B。
14.When I walked past Tom’s room, I ________ him playing computer games in it.
A.knew B.noticed C.looked D.listened
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当我走过Tom的房间时,我注意到他正在房间里玩电脑游戏。
考查动词辨析。knew知道;noticed注意到;looked看起来;listened听。分析语境可知此处是注意到Tom正在玩游戏,notice sb doing sth表示“注意到某人正在做某事”。故选B。
15.These CDs ________ well, and they will ________ soon.
A.sell; sold out B.sell out; be sold C.sell; be sold out D.sold out; be sold
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这些光盘卖得很好,很快就会卖完。
考查不及物动词和一般将来时的被动语态。sell主动表被动,第一空用动词原形sell:第二空表示被卖完,用be sold out。故选C。
16.—How soon will we ________ Universal Studios, Mr. Wu?
—In 20 minutes.
A.get B.arrive C.reach D.go
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——吴先生,我们多久能到环球影城?——20分钟后。
考查动词辨析。get得到;arrive到达;reach到达;go去。根据“Universal Studios”是地点名词,在句中作宾语可知,此处应用reach,其他项为不及物动词,不能直接接宾语。故选C。
17.—Did the headmaster ________ to you about that problem?
—No, he didn’t. I think he must be very busy.
A.answer B.smile C.reply D.post
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——校长就那个问题回复你了吗?——没有。我觉得他一定很忙。
考查动词辨析。answer回答、答复,及物动词;smile微笑;reply回复、答复;post邮寄、发布。根据“—Did the headmaster...to you about that problem? —No, he didn’t. I think he must be very busy.”可知,此处表示校长就那个问题是否“回复”了你,“reply”是不及物动词,常与“to”搭配,“reply to sb.”是固定搭配,表示“回复某人”,符合语境。故选C。
18.A few days ago, a director performed a break dance for students to ____ __ some of their pressures.
A.remind B.refuse C.require D.reduce
【答案】D
【详解】句意:几天前,一个主任表演了一段霹雳舞让学生减少他们的压力。
考查动词词义辨析。remind提醒;refuse拒绝;require要求;reduce减少。根据“a director performed a break dance...some of their pressures.”可知此处是指减少压力,故选D。
19.The price of vegetables ________ so quickly these days.
A.rushes B.adds C.rises D.raises
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这些日子,蔬菜的价格上涨得如此快。
考查动词词义辨析。rushes冲;adds加;rises上升;raises提升。根据“The price of vegetables ”可知,应是蔬菜的价格上涨。而raise是及物动词,后接宾语。空处后无宾语,故选C。
20.Do you know what to________it in English ?
A.say B.speak C.call D.tell
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你知道用英语叫什么吗?
考查动词词义辨析。say说;speak讲;call称呼,称作;tell告诉。动词短语call sth. sth.为双宾结构,意思是“把某物称为某物”。根据句意可知意思为“叫它什么”,疑问代词“what”作“call”的直接宾语,it是间接宾语。故选C。
考点二 情态动词
1.(2024·广东省卷·中考真题) She thinks it is a smart choice to give Peter pocket money. “This habit help Peter manage money
well,” she says.
A.need B.must C.can
【答案】 C
【解析】句意:这个习惯可以帮助彼得更好地理财。
need需要;must必须;can可以。根据“This habit...help Peter manage money well”可知,这个习惯可以帮助彼得更好地理财。故选C。
2.(2024·广东省广州卷·中考真题)Another is that the fishermen in this area catch too many fish. Penguins find enough food for their babies.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
【答案】 C
【解析】 句意:企鹅找不到足够的食物喂它们的宝宝。
mustn’t 禁止;needn’t 不必;can’t 不能;shouldn’t 不应该。根据“fishermen in this area catch too many fish”可知,渔民过度捕捞,应是导致企鹅不能找到足够的食物。故选C。
核心1、情态动词的基本用法
原形(过去式)
用法
含义
举例
can (could)
表示能力( = be a b l e to)
能;会
I can swim. 我能游泳。
(疑问句中)表示请求许可,could比can更客气
可以
—Can you come to see me?
你能来看我吗?
—Yes, I can. /No, I can’t.
是的,我可以。/不,我不能。
(否定句、疑问句中)表示可能性
can表示可能
can’t表示不可能
Can the news be true?
这则新闻会是真的吗?
may (might)
表示可能
可能
He may know the way.
他可能知道路。
表示客气地请求
可以
May I come in? 我可以进来吗?
表示祝愿
祝......
May you good luck. 祝你好运。
shall(should)
“Shall...?”用于第一人称,表示建议或者请求
......好吗?
Shall we ask our teacher for help?
我们向我们的老师求助,好吗?
should用于各种人称,强调义务和责任
应该
You should lie down and have a rest.
你应该躺下,休息一下
must (否定
式为mustn’t)
/have to
表示义务、命令或要求
必须
mustn’t意为“禁止”
I must finish my homework first.
我必须先完成自己的家庭作业。
表示肯定推测
一定
Lisa must be at home.莉萨一定在家。
must强调主观看法;have to强调客观需要。
必须;不得不
I must study hard. 我必须努力学习。
He has to get up early.
他不得不早起。
在回答以must开头的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’t/doesn’t have to。
—Must she go now?
现在她必须要走吗?
—Yes, she must. /No, she needn’t/doesn’t have to.
是的,她必须走。/不,她不必。
need (否定
式为needn’t)
常用于否定句和疑问句中。
需要
You needn’t come so early.
你不必这么早来。
will/would
用于主语是第二人称的疑问句中,表示向对方提出建议或请求;
愿意
Will/Would you please go to the cinema with me?
你愿意和我一起去看电影吗?
will用于各种人称,表示一般将来时
愿意;将
I'll stay at home this evening.
今晚我会待在家里。
would表示过去的意愿,在一般疑问句中使用时比will更委婉。
愿意;将
She told us that she would not go with us if it rained.
她告诉我们,如果下雨她就不和我们一起
had better
表示建议,意为“最好”,常用于had better (not) do sth. 意为“最好(不)做某事”。
You’d better stay at home.
你最好待在家里。
核心2、情态动词表示推测的用法
情态动词
意义及用法
must
意为“一定;肯定”,表示非常有把握的肯定推测,用于肯定句中。
could
意为“很可能”,表推测,语气缓和,较委婉。
may
意为“有可能;也许”,表示把握不大的肯定推测,用于肯定句中。
might
表猜测,可能性比could小,语气比may弱。
can’t
意为“不可能”,表否定猜测,语气强烈。
注意:这几个词按照推测的可能性大小依次为:must>could>may>might>can’t
1.—You are right, Miss Chen. I will try to find a good method of learning English.
—I believe you ________ find one that suits you. And I’m here whenever you need help.
A.can B.can’t C.should D.shouldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——陈老师,您说得对。我会努力找到学习英语的好方法。——我相信你能找到一个适合你的方法。而且无论何时你需要帮助,我随时都在。
考查情态动词辨析。can能;can’t不能;should应该;shouldn’t不应该。根据前文“I will try to find a good method”和“I’m here whenever you need help”可知,陈老师是在鼓励对方,表达相信对方“能够”找到合适的方法,应使用表示能力的肯定语气。故选A。
2.An inch of time is an inch of gold, but an inch of gold ________ buy an inch of time.
A.needn’t B.can’t C.should D.must
【答案】B
【详解】句意:一寸光阴一寸金,但一寸黄金买不回一寸光阴。
考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不必;can’t不能;should应该;must必须。根据“but an inch of gold…buy an inch of time.”以及常识可知,黄金无法买回时间,表示“不能”用can’t。故选B。
3.— Must I finish my homework now?
— No, you ________. You can do it tomorrow.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.shouldn’t D.can’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我必须现在完成作业吗?——不,你不必。你可以明天做。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t 禁止;needn’t 不必;shouldn’t 不应该;can’t 不能。问句用“Must I…?”询问是否必须做某事,否定回答用“No, you needn’t.”表示“不必”。故选B。
4.—Look! Matt is playing football with his classmates!
—It ________ be Matt. He is having a piano lesson at this moment.
A.can’t B.might C.must D.mustn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——看!Matt正在和他的同学们踢足球!——那不可能是Matt。他此刻正在上钢琴课。
考查情态动词。can’t不可能;might可能;must一定;mustn’t禁止。根据“He is having a piano lesson at this moment.”可知,说话人认为此刻Matt正在上钢琴课,因此不可能在踢足球,表示否定推测用can’t。故选A。
5.—Do you know that AI can help us do our homework?
—Really? But we ________ do our homework on our own.
A.can B.could C.may D.must
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你知道人工智能能帮我们做作业吗?——真的吗?但我们必须独立完成作业。
考查情态动词辨析。can能够;could可以(can的过去式);may可能;must必须。根据语境,后句“But we…do our homework on our own.”表示转折,强调“必须独立完成作业”,含有责任或规定之意,must最符合逻辑。故选D。
6.You ________ worry about me. I’m fine.
A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你不必担心我。我很好。
考查情态动词辨析。needn’t 不必;mustn’t 禁止;can’t 不能;shouldn’t 不应该。根据后句“I’m fine.”可知,此处表示“不必担心”,强调没有必要。故选A。
考点三 助动词和系动词
1.(2023·广东省卷·中考真题) It might 69 the world’s earliest form of toothbrushes.
【答案】 be
【解析】句意:这可能是世界上最早的牙刷。此处是系表结构,情态动词might后跟be动词原形。故填be。
2.(2022·广东省卷·中考真题)Tea wasn’t introduced into Europe until the early 17th century. And now it has 72 popular in Europe and America.
【答案】 become
【解析】句意:现在它已经在欧洲和美国流行了。根据“And now it has...popular in Europe and America.”可知,茶现在在欧洲和美国流行了,become“变得”符合语境,用于现在完成时结构中,故填become。
核心1、助动词
助动词没有任何含义,不能单独作谓语,只能和实义动词一起构成谓语,帮助行为动词组成各种时态、语态、语气以及疑问或否定形式。常见的助动词有be,do,does,did,have等,具体用法如下:
种类
用法
举例
be
构成各种进行时态
It was raining all day yesterday.
昨天下了一天雨。
构成被动语态
The meeting was held yesterday afternoon.
这个会议是昨天下午召开的
与不定式连用表示按计划、预先安排或规定要发生的动作
They are to see an English film this
evening. 他们今晚要看一场英语电影。
do
do的过去式是did;第三人称单数是does;do,did,does用于构成疑问式或否定式
Does he think so?他这么认为吗?
在动词前加上do,does,did表示强调,意为“的确,确实”
They do study hard.他们确实学习努力。
have
have的过去式是had;第三人称单数是has;have,has,had均可与动词的过去分词一起构成完成时态
He has lived here for three years.
他已经住在这里三年了。
核心2、系动词
系动词又称连系动词,其后常接形容词或名词等作表语。
注意:系动词只能有主动语态,不能有被动语态,多数不能用于进行时态。系动词有一定意义,它们要与其后作表语的形容词、名词或介词(短语)一起构成合成谓语。常见的系动词如下:
种类
用法
举例
be动词
is,am,are,was,were
I am a math teacher.我是数学老师。
表感官
look(看起来),smell(闻起来),
taste(尝起来),sound(听起来),
feel(摸起来,感觉)
Lucy looks happy today.
今天露西看起来很开心。
The music sounds beautiful.
这音乐听起来很优美。
表变化
become,get,turn(十颜色),
g o ( + b a d食物变质),
g r o w ( + tall , o l d ) ,
f a l l ( + i 1 1, sick , asleep)
The trees turn green in spring.春天树变绿了。
Food goes bad easily in hot weather.
炎热的天气里,食物容易变质。
I didn't fall asleep until midnight yesterday.
昨天直到半夜我才睡着。
保持,保留
keep,stay,remain
We all remained/stayed/kept silent.
我们都保持沉默。
似乎,好像
seem
He seemed very sad yesterday.
昨天,他似乎很伤心。
巧记口诀
五感:五个表示感官的动词-look看,sound听,smell闻,taste尝,,feel感觉
四变:四个表示变化的动词-become变成,turn变得,get变得,grow 变得
三保持:三个表示保持的动词-keep保持,stay保持,remain仍然是
二特殊:两个特殊动词-be是,seem似乎
1.Physics ________ my favorite subject.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】A
【详解】句意:物理是我最喜欢的学科。
考查主谓一致。is是,单数;are是,复数;was是,过去式单数;were是,过去式复数。主语“Physics”虽然以-s结尾,但作为学科名称,通常视为单数名词,谓语动词需用单数形式,且句子表达一般现在的事实。故选A。
2.—The cake ________ delicious. Who made it?
—My mom did.
A.tastes B.looks C.sounds D.feels
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——这个蛋糕尝起来很美味。谁做的?——我妈妈做的。
考查动词辨析。tastes尝起来;looks看起来;sounds听起来;feels摸起来。根据“The cake...delicious.”可知,此处在描述蛋糕的“美味”,应表示“尝起来美味”。故选A。
3.The music ________ exciting. I want to listen again.
A.smells B.looks C.sounds D.tastes
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这首音乐听起来很激动人心。我想再听一遍。
考查动词辨析。smells闻起来;looks看起来;sounds听起来;tastes尝起来。根据“The music”和“exciting”可知,音乐应是通过听觉感知的,因此用“sounds”表示“听起来”。故选C。
4.The little girl looks so ________ in the red dress.
A.beautifully B.lovely C.politely D.wonderfully
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这个小女孩穿着红裙子看起来如此可爱。
考查词汇辨析和系动词的用法。beautifully漂亮地(副词);lovely可爱的(形容词);politely礼貌地(副词);wonderfully精彩地(副词)。句中“looks”是系动词,后应接形容词作表语,只有lovely是形容词,此处指看起来是可爱的。故选B。
5.The shirt is made of silk. It ________ so soft.
A.felt B.is feeling C.feels D.is felt
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这件衬衫是丝绸做的。它摸起来很柔软。
考查感官动词的用法。felt感觉,过去式;is feeling正在感觉;feels感觉,一般现在时;is felt被感觉。感官动词(如feel)在描述物体固有特性时,用主动形式表示被动意义,且需用一般现在时表示客观事实。此处主语“It”(衬衫)为无生命物体,强调“摸起来”这一特性,故用主动语态的一般现在时feels。故选C。
6.Mo Yan is a famous writer now, but he ________ a true son of the soil (土地).
A.has B.gets C.remains D.may be
【答案】C
【详解】句意:莫言现在是一位著名作家,但他仍然是地地道道的农民。
考查动词辨析。has有;gets得到;remains依然是、保持;may be可能是。根据“but”表转折的逻辑,前半句说莫言是著名作家,后半句应表达他“依然是”地地道道的农民,remains符合语境。故选C。
7.The boy seemed ________ when his father sent him a toy car as his birthday present.
A.happy B.happily C.happiness D.happier
【答案】A
【详解】句意:当男孩的爸爸送给他一个玩具车作为生日礼物时,他看来是开心的。
考查词语辨析。happy高兴的,形容词;happily高兴地,副词;happiness高兴,名词;happier更高兴的,形容词比较级。seem“看来,似乎”此时作系动词,后续形容词作表语,而根据语境没有比较,故选A。
8.Nowadays, Chinese ________ by more and more foreigners. I’m really proud of it.
A.are spoken B.is spoken C.spoke D.has spoken
【答案】B
【详解】句意:现在,越来越多的外国人说汉语。我真的为此感到骄傲。
考查被动语态和主谓一致。此处“Chinese”表示“汉语,中文”,与speak“说”是被动关系,根据“Nowadays”可知,用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are+done,排除C和D;“Chinese”是第三人称单数,be动词用is。故选B。
9.—______ he go to school by bike every day?
—Yes, he does.
A.Do B.Does C.Did D.Will
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——他每天骑自行车上学吗?——是的,他骑车。
考查一般疑问句。题干中“he”为第三人称单数,“every day”表示经常性动作,需用一般现在时,疑问句需用助动词Does。故选B。
10.—You know much about the film. You saw it not long ago?
—Yes. I ______ see it yesterday. It’s wonderful.
A.didn’t B.did C.do D.have
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你对这部电影很了解。你是不久前看的吗?——是的。我昨天看了。它很棒。
考查动词时态。根据答句中“yesterday”可知,动作发生在过去,需用一般过去时。肯定句中用did强调确实看过,符合语境。故选B。
11.Not only his parents but also he ________ been to the Tibet.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
【答案】C
【详解】句意:不仅他的父母去过西藏,而且他也去过。
考查现在完成时。been是be动词的过去分词,have/has加过去分词构成现在完成时,且“not only...but also...”连接并列成分作主语要用“就近原则”,即由he决定此处用has。故选C。
12.________ you ever been to Beijing?
A.Do B.Did C.Have D.Has
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你去过北京吗?
考查现在完成时。根据句中的“ever been”可知,此句应用现在完成时,主语“you”是第二人称,应用助动词have。故选C。
考点四 动词短语
1.(2025·广东省卷·中考真题)So, Xu bought and nearly 1,000 books in the following year. The students who received the books were very thankful.
A.dug up B.picked up C.gave away D.threw away
【答案】 C
【解析】句意:因此,徐先生在接下来的一年里购买并赠送了近1000本书。
dug up挖出;picked up捡起;gave away赠送;threw away扔掉。根据“The students who received the books were very thankful.”可知,徐先生将书赠送给了学生。故选C。
2.(2025·广东省广州卷·中考真题) I acting on stage, but I had a big birthmark on my face, so I chose to work behind the stage.
A.gave up B.kept on C.heard about D.dreamed of
【答案】 D
【解析】句意:我梦想在舞台上表演,但我脸上有一个很大的胎记,所以我选择在幕后工作。
gave up放弃;kept on继续;heard about听说;dreamed of梦想。根据“but I had a big birthmark on my face, so I chose to work behind the stage.”可知,前后句为转折关系,虽然有胎记但曾梦想在舞台上表演。故选D。
3.(2024·广东省卷·中考真题)But when things don’t go smoothly as she plans, she feels no disappointment. She says mistakes may a new idea.
A.mix with B.turn down C.lead to D.break down
【答案】 C
【解析】句意:她说,错误可能会导致新的想法。
mix with混合;turn down拒绝;lead to导致;break down出故障。根据“She says mistakes may...a new idea.”可知,错误可能会导致新的想法。故选C。
4.(2025·广东省广州卷·中考真题)He dug through the rubbish with his cousin in the villages nearby and his goal until he got what he wanted.
A.stuck to B.went over C.looked into D.learn about
【答案】 A
【解析】句意:他和他的表弟在附近的村庄里挖掘垃圾,坚持他的目标,直到他得到了他想要的。
stuck to坚持;went over检查;looked into调查;learn about了解。根据“his goal”可知,此处指他坚持目标。故选A。
5.(2023·广东省卷·中考真题)When she entered the house, Mum and Dad were 8 her on the sofa.
A.waiting for B.laughing at C.looking after D.learning from
【答案】 A
【解析】句意:她进屋时,爸爸妈妈正坐在沙发上等她。
waiting for等待;laughing at嘲笑;looking after照顾;learning from向……学习。根据“When she entered the house, Mum and Dad were...her on the sofa.”可知爸妈坐沙发上是等着朵拉。故选A。
动词短语词义辨析是广东中考完形填空的必考点,考查形式主要有两种:同一动词型和同一介词/副词型
核心1、同一动词型
come短语
come out 出现;出版 come in进来 come on 加油;快点儿 come back回来
come over顺便来访 come along 出现;进展 come up with 提出;想出
come up出现;升起 come down落下;崩塌
come across(偶然)遇见 come true(希望、梦想等)实现
get短语
get up起床 get on上车(船、飞机等) get off下车(船、飞机等)
get down下来 get into进入;陷入 get to到达 get back回来
give短语
give away捐赠;泄露 give up放弃 give in屈服;让步
give over停止;交出 give back归还;恢复 give out散发;分发
go短语
go away走开;离开;消失 go up上升;增长 go along继续前进;沿着……走
go on继续 go ahead 进行;前进 go by(时间)流逝 go through通过
go off 爆炸;(警报等)响起 go down下降 go back返回
go out 熄灭;出去(娱乐) go over复习;仔细检查
look短语
look at看 look after 照顾;照料 look into调查 look out当心;留神
look up查阅;查找 look for寻找;盼望 look around环顾 look like看起来像
look over查看;检查 look through浏览 look back回顾
look up to尊敬;钦佩 look forward to盼望 look out for留心;注意察看
put短语
put up举起;搭建;张贴 put down写下;放下 put back把……放回原处
put into注入;投入 put away放put on穿上;上演;增加put out熄灭
put off推迟 put through接通(电话)
take短语
take up占用;开始从事 take down写下;记下 take away带走;拿走
take over接收;接管 take out拿出;除去;扣除 take care of照顾
take place举行;发生 take pride in以……为傲 take part in参加
take after(在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像 take the place of 代替
核心2、同一介词/副词型
at短语
aim at瞄准;旨在 laugh at嘲笑 arrive at到达(小地方) point at 指向……
knock at敲 smile at冲……微笑 shout at对……大喊 stare...at凝视;盯着看
about短语
argue about争论 bring about引起;造成 care about关心;在意 hear about听说
hang about闲逛 talk about谈论 think about考虑 worry about担心
away 短语
blow away驱散;吹走 get away离开;逃脱 pass away去世
fly away飞走 run away逃跑 throw away扔掉
for短语
ask for 请求 care for关心;关怀 leave for动身去 thanks for因……而感谢
pay for为……付钱 prepare for为……做准备 search for搜寻;寻找
send for派人去请 stand for代表;象征 wait for等待 cheer for为……加油
up短语
add up加起来;合计 bring up提出;养育;培养 cheer up使振奋
clean up清理;打扫 use up用完;用尽 call up打电话 eat up吃光
dress up穿上盛装;装扮 end up最终成为;最后处于 fix up修理;修补
stay up熬夜 tidy up整理;收拾 grow up成长;长大 hurry up赶快
off短语
run off流失;逃跑 drop off入睡;下降 fall off减少;跌落 leave off停止;中断
shut off关闭;切断 pay off偿清(欠款等)ring off挂断电话send off发送;邮寄
set off动身;启程 show off炫耀 give off(散)发出;放出(气味、热、光等)
on短语
agree on就……达成共识 call on号召;拜访 depend on依靠;依赖
feed on以……为食 focus on集中于hold on别挂电话;坚持keep on继续前行pass on传递 try on试穿 work on从事于;忙于
out短语
blow out 吹灭 break out(战争、火灾等)突然发生;爆发 point out指出
bring out使显现;使变得明显 carry out 执行;贯彻 find out查明;发现
down短语
break down停止运转;出故障 calm down平静下来 slow down放慢速度
die down变弱;逐渐消失 fall down倒塌;跌倒 knock down拆除;撞倒;击倒
lie down躺下 pull down拆掉;拆毁 look down俯视;轻视 sit down坐下
shut down关闭;停业 write down写下;记下
in短语
break in 强行闯入;打断 bring in引入 check in报到;登记 fill in填写
result in导致;引起hand in上交take in吸收;收入 believe in信任;信赖
with短语
agree with同意 begin with以……开始 compare with与……相比
connect with与……相连 catch up with追上;赶上 deal with解决;处理
fall in love with爱上(某人或某物) stay/keep in touch with与……保持联系
go with伴随 play with和……一起玩 part with放弃;交出(难舍之物)
share with与……分享 talk with和……交谈
back短语
bring back 带回;使想起 pay back 尝还 talk back 顶嘴
1.We should ________ the hotel after two o’clock in the afternoon.
A.arrive B.arrive in C.arrive at D.get
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们应该在下午两点以后到达旅馆。
考查动词以及动词短语辨析。arrive到达,不及物动词;arrive in后接大地点;arrive at后接小地点;get得到。根据“We should … the hotel after two o’clock in the afternoon”可知,此处指到达酒店,hotel是小地点,故选C。
2.I’ve been trying to phone Mom all evening, but I can’t seem to _________ .
A.get in B.get off C.get through D.get along
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我一整晚一直尝试去给妈妈打电话。但我似乎打不通。
考查动词短语辨析。get in进入;get off下车;get through通过,打通电话;get along进展。根据“trying to phone”可知是打电话相关话题,故选C。
3.We must ________ if we want to win the match tomorrow.
A.get together B.pull together C.get up D.give up
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们一定要齐心协力如果我们想赢得明天的比赛。
考查动词短语辨析。get together聚集;pull together齐心协力;get up起床;give up放弃。根据后文“if we want to win the match tomorrow”可知应是齐心协力才能赢得比赛,故选B。
4.A man who does not ________ others can’t hope to achieve much.
A.learn from B.come from C.get from D.take from
【答案】A
【详解】句意:一个不向他人学习的人没有希望获得很多。
考查动词短语辨析。learn from向……学习;come from来自;C项和D项是拼凑的选项。根据空格后文“others”可知此处指“learn from others向别人学习”。故选A。
5.—What are you ______?
—I can't ______ my pen.Have you seen it?
A.finding;find B.finding;look for
C.looking for;look for D.looking for;find
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——-你在找什么?——我找不到我的钢笔了。你看到了吗?
考查动词辨析。find寻找,强调结果;look for寻找,强调过程。根据Have you seen it?结合句意语境,可知后句重结果,前句重过程,故选D。
1.Bob loves Mary very much. He wants to marry ________ her.
A.together B.with C./ D.to
【答案】C
【详解】句意:鲍勃非常爱玛丽,他想娶她。
考查及物动词marry的用法。marry作“和……结婚”或“娶/嫁某人”解时是及物动词,其后直接跟宾语(marry sb.),表示“与某人结婚”。marry sb. to sb. 意为“把某人嫁给某人/让某人娶某人”;marry with sb.是错误搭配;marry together也非正确表达。题干中“He wants to marry…her.”空格后已有宾语her,无需介词。故选C。
2.The new basketball ________ Dave. He bought it yesterday.
A.is B.is belong C.belongs D.belongs to
【答案】D
【详解】句意:新篮球是戴夫的。他昨天买的。
考查动词辨析。is是;is belong用法错误;belongs属于;belongs to属于。belong不能直接接宾语,必须与介词搭配。故选D。
3.We should learn to ________ different things.
A.compare B.compare with C.compare to D.comparing
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们应该学会比较不同的事物。
考查动词用法。compare比较,及物动词,后直接接宾语;compare with将……与……比较,强调对比差异;compare to把……比作……,强调比喻;comparing是动词的现在分词。空格前为不定式符号 to,应接动词原形。根据句意“学会比较不同的事物”,强调一般性的比较,且compare后直接接宾语different things,无需介词。故选A。
4.The movie Youth ________ my grandma ________ the life in the countryside.
A.reminds; of B.lets; down C.wakes; up D.helps; out
【答案】A
【详解】句意:电影《青春》让我的奶奶想起了乡村的生活。
考查动词短语辨析。reminds sb. of sth. 意为“使某人想起某事”;lets sb. down意为“让某人失望”;wakes sb. up意为“叫醒某人”;helps sb. out意为“帮助某人摆脱困境”。根据语境可知,此处是在描述电影《青春》让奶奶想起了乡村的生活,所以应该用reminds; of。故选A。
5.Students should pay attention to ________ the teacher in class.
A.listening B.listening to C.listen D.listen to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:学生在课堂上应该注意听老师讲课。
考查不及物动词和非谓语动词。listen“听”,不及物动词,需要加to,再接宾语;pay attention to doing sth.“注意做某事”,动名词作宾语。故选B。
6.Mike, could you please help Linda ________ the floor?
A.sweep B.sweeps C.swept D.sweeping
【答案】A
【详解】句意:迈克,你能帮琳达扫地吗?
考查动词短语。sweep“打扫”,根据“help Linda...”可知,help sb (to) do sth“帮助某人做某事”,所以填入动词原形。故选A。
7.She lives next to her friends, so she ________ go far if she ________ some help with her homework.
A.needn’t; needs to B.needn’t; needs
C.doesn’t need; needs D.doesn’t need to; need to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:她住在她朋友的隔壁,所以如果她在家庭作业上需要帮助,她不需要走很远。
考查need用法。need作实义动词,后接不定式,need作情态动词,后接动词原形。第一个空need是情态动词,后接动词原形,排除C和D;第二个空,need是实义动词,后直接接名词。故选B。
8.—When will Mr. Wang ________ Beijing?
—Next month.
A.get B.reach C.arrive D.come
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——王先生什么时候到北京?——下个月。
考查动词辨析。get得到;reach到达;arrive到达;come来。根据“When will Mr. Wang … Beijing”可知,询问什么时候到北京,排除A选项。arrive和come都是不及物动词,要与介词一起使用,后才可接宾语,排除C和D选项,故选B。
9.Kate’s mom gave her warm arms to sleep __________ the night when she was a baby.
A.and B.about C.by D.in
【答案】D
【详解】句意:Kate的妈妈当她还是个婴儿的时候,晚上给她温暖的双臂入睡。
考查不及物动词。and和;about大约;by通过;in在……里面。sleep此处是不及物动词,arms是sleep发生的对象,因此用介词in表示“在双臂里入睡”。故选D。
10.The dragon ________ an important part in Chinese festivals
A.takes B.plays C.has D.act
【答案】B
【详解】句意:龙在中国节日中扮演着重要的角色。
考查动词辨析和动词短语。takes带走;plays扮演,玩;has有;act行动。固定搭配play a(an)… part (in...)意为“(在……中)扮演……角色;(在……中)起……作用”。plays an important part in Chinese festivals意为“在中国节日中扮演着重要的角色”,故选B。
11.Please find a room for us ________ this evening.
A.to stay B.staying C.to staying D.to stay in
【答案】D
【详解】句意:请为我们找一间今晚住的房间。
考查动词非谓语的用法。stay暂住,停留,是不及物动词,后跟介词表示待在某个地方,故排除ABC;空格处缺少动词不定式作定语,表示住的房间。故选D。
12.They ______ going to visit the museum tomorrow.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
【答案】C
【详解】句意:他们明天要去参观博物馆。
考查be动词用法。主语They为复数人称代词,需与复数形式的be动词are搭配。故选C。
13.The book ________ very interesting. I want to read it again.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这本书非常有趣。我想再读一遍。
考查主谓一致和时态。is是,单数现在时;are是,复数现在时;was是,单数过去时;were是,复数过去时。主语“The book”为单数名词,且后句“I want to read it again”使用一般现在时,表明描述的是当前状态,因此使用is。故选A。
14.The news ________ very exciting.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这个消息非常令人兴奋。
考查主谓一致。is是,单数现在时;are是,复数现在时;was是,单数过去时;were是,复数过去时。主语“news”为不可数名词,谓语动词需用单数形式;句中没有明确的时间状语提示过去时,因此用一般现在时。故选A。
15.—The dish ________ so good.
—You’ll find it more delicious if you try it once.
A.smells B.tastes C.sounds D.feels
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——这道菜闻起来很香。——如果你尝一次,你会发现它更美味。
考查感官动词辨析。smells闻起来;tastes尝起来;sounds听起来;feels感觉起来。根据答语“You’ll find it more delicious if you try it once.”可知,没有品尝这道菜之前,这道菜闻起来很香。故选A。
16.The silk scarf ________ soft and smooth. It’s made in Suzhou.
A.feels B.looks C.sounds D.tastes
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这条丝绸围巾摸起来柔软光滑。它是苏州制造的。
考查感官动词辨析。feels触摸起来;looks看起来;sounds听起来;tastes尝起来。根据“soft and smooth”可知,此处描述丝绸围巾的质地特征,应通过触觉感知,而非视觉、听觉或味觉。故选A。
17.— The milk ________ strange. Do you think it’s still good?
— I’m not sure. Let’s ask Mom.
A.smells B.is smelled C.smelled D.smelling
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——牛奶闻起来奇怪。你认为它还好吗?——我不确定。我们问问妈妈吧。
考查系动词的用法。根据“The milk...strange.”可知,此处表示牛奶闻起来很奇怪,句子为一般现在时,故用系动词“smell”的第三人称单数形式。故选A。
18.The main character in the movie is a robot and he sounds ________.
A.lovely B.gently C.warmly D.happily
【答案】A
【详解】句意:电影的主角是一个机器人,他的声音听起来很可爱。
考查系动词后接形容词作表语的用法。lovely可爱的,形容词;gently温柔地,副词;warmly温暖地,副词;happily快乐地,副词。后半句中sounds为系动词,后应用形容词lovely作表语。故选A。
19.This song ________ very beautiful. Many people like listening to it.
A.sounds B.feels C.smells D.tastes
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这首歌听起来非常美妙。很多人喜欢听它。
考查感官动词辨析。sounds听起来;feels感觉起来;smells闻起来;tastes尝起来。根据“This song”可知,歌曲是通过听觉来感受的,所以用“sounds”来表示“听起来”。故选A。
20.The glasses in this shop ______ often expensive, but this pair of glasses ________ cheap.
A.are; are B.are; is C.is; is D.is; are
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这家商店的眼镜通常都很贵,但这副眼镜很便宜。
考查主谓一致。本句是由but连接的两个句子构成。前一句中主语glasses意为“眼镜”,以复数形式呈现,指这家商店的多数眼镜,本句采用一般现在时,be动词要用are。后一句主语pair为单数,指这副眼镜,be动词要用is。故选B。
21.—The red dress ________ very nice on you.
—Thanks.
A.sounds B.looks C.tastes D.feels
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这件红色的连衣裙穿在你身上很好看。——谢谢。
考查动词辨析。sounds听起来;looks看起来;tastes尝起来;feels感觉。根据“The red dress...very nice on you.”可知,此处指红色连衣裙看起来很好看。looks符合语境。故选B。
22.The boy’s face ________ red when he talks to someone.
A.goes B.gets C.turns D.grows
【答案】C
【详解】句意:当这个男孩和别人说话时,他的脸就会变红。
考查系动词辨析。goes变得,常修饰情况由好变坏或由正常便特殊;gets变得,强调变化过程的完成;turn变得,强调明显且彻底的变化,尤其是颜色或情绪;grows变得,侧重逐渐变化的过程。结合语境及“…red”可知,这个男孩的脸“变红”了,应用turn与之搭配,“turn red”表示“变红”,故选C。
23.His family ________ a big one.
A.is B.are C.am D.be
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他的家庭是个大家庭。
考查be动词。is是,be动词的三单形式;are是,用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;am是,be的第一人称单数现在时;be有,存在。family作主语,表达整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式。故选A。
24.The baby’s face ________ smooth and soft.
A.felt B.feeling C.is felt D.feels
【答案】D
【详解】句意:婴儿的脸摸起来又滑又软。
考查时态。根据“smooth and soft.”可知,此句陈述事实,因此句子时态是一般现在时态,主语是单数,feels符合句意,故选D。
25.—______ you like playing football?
—Yes, I do.
A.Do B.Does C.Did D.Will
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你喜欢踢足球吗?——是的,我喜欢。
考查一般疑问句的助动词。Do助动词,用于一般现在时主语为I/you/we/they等;Does助动词,用于一般现在时主语为第三人称单数;Did助动词,用于一般过去时;Will助动词,用于一般将来时。根据答句“Yes, I do.”可知,问句时态为一般现在时,且主语为you,应使用助动词Do。故选A。
26.—What a nice car! When ________ you ________ it?
—Yesterday. It’s my birthday gift.
A.have; bought B.did; buy C.are; buying D.will; buy
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——多漂亮的一辆车啊!你什么时候买的它?——昨天。它是我的生日礼物。
考查动词时态。根据下文“Yesterday”可知,上文问的是过去什么时候买的,应用一般过去时,疑问句中助动词用did,后面的动词用原形buy。故选B。
27.—________ you go to the park yesterday?
—No, I stayed at home.
A.Do B.Does C.Are D.Did
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——昨天你去公园了吗?——没有,我待在家里。
考查助动词和时态。根据“yesterday”可知,本句是一般过去时,go是实义动词,所以一般疑问句助动词用did。故选D。
28.I telephoned my friend, but he didn’t ________.
A.replied B.think C.reply D.thought
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我给我的朋友打电话了,但是他没有回复。
考查动词用法。replied回复(过去式);think思考;reply回复;thought认为(过去式)。原句空前有助动词“didn’t”,后面需要加动词原形,故排除A、D;根据“telephoned”可知之前打电话,但没有回复,应用reply。故选C。
29.I ________ understand the rule until you explained it to me.
A.don’t B.wasn’t C.didn’t D.isn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:直到你向我解释了这个规则,我才明白了。
考查一般过去时和否定句。此句为until引导的时间状语从句,空处位于主句,且主句为否定句,not...until“直到……才”;根据“you explained it to me”可知,主句时态用一般过去时,且主句中含有实义动词understand,否定句要借助于助动词did的否定形式didn’t。故选C。
30.We ________ give up producing cars but we should invent better, cleaner engines.
A.don’t need to B.needn’t to C.don’t need D.need to
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们不需要放弃生产汽车,但我们应该发明更好、更清洁的发动机。
考查need的用法。don’t need to不必要去做,后接动词原形;needn’t to错误表达,needn’t是情态动词,后接动词原形,排除B;don’t need后接动词不定式“to do”,排除C;need to需要做某事,后接动词原形。根据“We … give up producing cars but we should invent better, cleaner engines.”可知,此处是指不需要放弃生产汽车,应用“don’t need to give up…”,排除D。故选A。
31.— What animals ________ Chen Jie’s uncle have on his farm?
— He ________ cows, horses and sheep.
A.does; has B.do; have C.do; has D.does; have
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——陈杰的叔叔在他的农场里有什么动物?——他有牛、马和羊。
考查动词和助动词。does做,是第三人称单数形式;do做,是复数形式;has有,是第三人称单数形式;have有,是复数形式。主语Chen Jie’s uncle是第三人称单数形式,因此用助动词does;主语he是第三人称单数形式,谓语用第三人称单数形式has,故选A。
32.—Who helps you with your English in your class?
—Zhang Ke _________.
A.does B.do C.is D.helps
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——在你们班谁帮助你学习英语?——张轲。
考查特殊疑问句。根据“Who helps you with your English in your class?”可知,此特殊疑问句简略回答时用do的各种形式代指前面的实义动词,此处代指help,主语Zhang Ke是第三人称单数,谓语用第三人称单数does。故选A。
33.—If you don’t want to get into trouble, please don’t ________ any small mistakes.
—No. I won’t.
A.came out B.leave out C.get out D.put out
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——如果你不想遇上麻烦,请不要遗漏任何小的错误。——不,我不会。
考查动词短语辨析。came out出来;leave out遗漏;get out逃离;put out扑灭。根据don’t后跟动词原形,排除选项A,再根据“...please don’t...any small mistakes.”可知,不要忽视任何的小错误,leave out“忽视,遗漏”符合语境。故选B。
34.I ________ hope that every one of us will be successful in our studies.
A.do B.does C.did D.doing
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我真的希望我们每个人都能学业有成。
考查助动词的用法。分析句子结构并结合选项可知,本句应运用“do/does/did+动词原形”表示强调。根据“every one of us will be...”可知,从句时态为一般将来时,由此可推知,主句时态是一般现在时,主句主语是I,所以助动词用do。故选A。
35.Jane ________ be in the teacher’s office. I saw her playing on the playground just now.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.shall not
【答案】B
【详解】句意:简不可能在老师的办公室里。我刚才看见她在操场上玩。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;can’t不可能;needn’t不必;shall not将不。根据“I saw her playing on the playground just now.”可知,说话人刚才看到简在操场,因此推测她现在“不可能”在办公室,表示否定的推测用can’t。故选B。
36.You ________ take down everything the teacher says. Just get the main points.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.couldn’t D.won’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你不必记下老师说的每句话,只要抓住要点就行。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止;needn’t不必;couldn’t不能;won’t不会。根据“只要抓住要点就行”可知,前句表示“不必记下所有内容”,强调不必。故选B。
37.You _______ smoke in a public place. It’s against the rules.
A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你不准在公共场所吸烟,这是违反规定的。
考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不必;mustn’t禁止;can’t不能;shouldn’t不应该。根据“It’s against the rules(这是违反规定的)”可知,在公共场所吸烟是被明确禁止的行为,因此用mustn’t。故选B。
38.—Can I fish here?
—No, you ________. The sign says, “No fishing.”
A.shouldn’t B.needn’t C.may not D.mustn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我可以在这里钓鱼吗?——不,你不可以。牌子上写着“禁止钓鱼”。
考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该;needn’t不必;may not可能不;mustn’t禁止。根据“No fishing.”可知,此处表示“禁止、不允许”,语气最强。故选D。
39.—______ I go out with my friends tonight?
—Yes, you can.
A.Must B.Need C.Can D.Should
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——今晚我可以和我的朋友们出去吗?——是的,你可以。
考查情态动词。Must必须;Need需要;Can可以;Should应该。根据“Yes, you can.”可知,问句是在请求许可,应用“Can”提问。故选C。
40.—______ I use your dictionary?
—Sure, here you are.
A.May B.Must C.Need D.Should
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我可以用你的字典吗?——当然,给你。
考查情态动词辨析。May可以;Must必须;Need需要;Should应该。根据答语“Sure, here you are.”可知,此处是请求许可,应用“May”提问。故选A。
41.— Isn’t that Helen over there?
— No, it ________ be her. I’m sure she doesn’t wear glasses.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.won’t D.wouldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——那边那个不是海伦吗?——不,不可能是她。我确定她不戴眼镜。
考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能;mustn’t禁止;won’t不会;wouldn’t不会(will的过去式)。根据“I’m sure she doesn’t wear glasses.”可知,因为确定她不戴眼镜,所以此处表示否定的推测,即“不可能是她”,所以用can’t。故选A。
42.—What will the weather be like tomorrow?
—It ________ be rainy, cloudy or sunny. Who knows?
A.might B.must C.should D.can’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——明天天气会怎么样?——可能是雨天、阴天或晴天。谁知道呢?
考查情态动词辨析。might可能;must必须,一定;should应该;can’t不能,不可能。根据“Who knows?”可知,说话者表示不确定的推测,表示“可能”用might。故选A。
43.Do you know who _________ the light bulb and who _________ America first?
A.discovered; found B.discovered; invented
C.found; discovered D.invented; discovered
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你知道谁发明了电灯泡,以及谁最先发现了美洲吗?
考查动词辨析。discover发现;invent发明;found找到,find的过去式,也可表示“创立”。第一个空的语境是“电灯泡”,这是原本不存在的新事物,需要用“invented”;第二个空的语境是“美洲”,这是原本就存在但未被认知的事物,需要用“discovered”;而found作为“找到”时强调寻找后获得的结果,不符合本题语境,故选D。
44.You’d better take the subway to ________ heavy traffic on the way to the airport.
A.warn B.stop C.avoid D.discover
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你最好乘地铁去,以避免在去机场的路上遇到交通拥堵。
考查动词辨析。warn警告;stop停止;avoid避免;discover发现。根据“You’d better take the subway to…heavy traffic on the way to the airport.”可知,乘地铁的目的是为了避开或避免交通拥堵。故选C。
45.Learn to use the English dictionary well and don’t_________every word you come across.
A.look up B.look through C.look around D.look after
【答案】A
【详解】句意:学会用好英语词典,不要把遇到的每一个单词都查出来。
考查动词短语的辨析。 look up查找;查阅,向上看;look through浏览;翻阅;look around向四周看,看看周围;look after照料;照顾。结合句意可知,此空是“查找,查阅”的意思,应填look up,故选A。
46.—Rose is very upset these days because she didn't get a pay rise.
—What a pity! But I believe she can ________ it soon.
A.get over B.turn over C.go over D.come over
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——Rose最近很不高兴,因为她没有加薪。——真遗憾!不过我相信她很快就会好起来的。
考查动词短语辨析。get over克服,恢复;turn over翻转;go over复习;come over顺便来访。根据“Rose is very upset these days”可知,最近情绪不好,所以是很快能从不开心中恢复过来,故选A。
47.My mom says I should not ________ my phone every 5 minutes. It’s a bad habit.
A.pick up B.get up C.give up D.take up
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我妈妈说我不应该每5分钟就拿起我的手机。这是个坏习惯。
考查动词短语。pick up拿起;get up起床;give up放弃;take up开始从事。根据“It’s a bad habit.”及生活常识可知,每5分钟就拿手机看是不好的习惯,pick up符合语境。故选A。
48.Who broke the glass must ______ it, it is one of our library rules.
A.pay for B.spend on C.give back D.pull down
【答案】A
【详解】句意:谁打坏了玻璃必须付钱,这是我们图书馆的规则。pay for付钱;spend on把……花在……上;give back归还;pull down拆毁;根据Who broke the glass可知打破图书馆的玻璃,应赔钱,故此处是表示付钱,故选A。
49.Although I am not sure ________ the answer to the question, I agree ________ you.
A.about; with B.of; to C.for; with D.about; on
【答案】A
【详解】句意:虽然我对这个问题的答案不确定,但我同意你的观点。
考查介词辨析。about关于,with和……一起;of属于,to朝向;for为了,with和……一起;about关于,on在……上面。根据“Although I am not sure...the answer to the question”可知,be sure about sth.“对……有把握”;根据“I agree...you.”可知,agree with sb.“同意某人”。故选A。
50.Bill is friendly, he often runs out ________ his money to help others.
A.to B.of C.for D.with
【答案】B
【详解】句意:比尔是友好的,他经常花光他的钱来帮助其他人。to向,of…..的,for为了,with和……一起。run out of花光,用完,故选B。
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专题01 名词(复习讲义)
目 录
01 析·考情目标
02 筑·专题框架
03 攻·重难考点
真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨
考点一 实义动词
考点二 情态动词
考点三 助动词和系动词
考点四 动词短语
04 测·预测闯关
命题透视
1、从近5年广东中考题目分值上看,动词考点占卷面分值较高,考查主要出现在语法选择、完形填空、短文填词中。
2、考查的命题点有:实义动词、情态动词、连系动词和助动词的基本用法;动词词义辨析;动词短语的词义辨析。
热考角度
考点
题型
考频
考查内容
动词词义辨析
完形填空
5年15考
①2025年(3分):kept, return, started, moving
②2024年(2分):thought, accepted
③2023年(3分):draw, changed, holding
④2022年(3分):help, work, share
⑤2021年(3分):protect, encouraging, see
情态动词
语法选择
5年1考
2024年(1分):can
助动词
和系动词
短文填空
5年2考
①2023年(1.5分):be
②2022年(1.5分):become
动词短语
完形填空
5年5考
①2025年(1分):gave away
②2024年(1分):lead to
③2023年(1分):waiting for
④2022年(1分):take away
⑤2021年(1分):looking for
短文填空
5年1考
2023年(1.5分):went by
命题预测
在广东中考中动词的考查延续“词义辨析为主、短语搭配升温、情态助动隐性化”三大趋势,需通过“语境记忆+变形规则”双轨突破,备考时应重点梳理高频易混动词、熟记核心短语搭配,并关注不规则动词变形与完成时助动用法。
考点一 实义动词
1.(2025·广东省卷·中考真题完形填空节选)In a narrow hutong in Beijing lies a small library. It is only seven square meters in size, but thousands of books are 41 in it. Unlike traditional libraries, this one doesn’t require its readers to 42 the books. Instead, it encourages them to pass those books on to someone else when they’ve finished reading. This library was 43 by Mr. Xu, a businessman, in 2010.
Xu’s library might be the smallest in the world, but in another sense, it’s also the biggest because its books keep 46 .
41.A.kept B.written C.printed D.punished
42.A.return B.copy C.lend D.buy
43.A.locked B.started C.hidden D.guarded
46.A.burning B.moving C.falling D.shaking
2.(2025·广东省广州卷·中考真题)Charlie was a supporting role in our school’s musical play. The story was about a little girl and the dog she saved. I was the one to a perfect Charlie.
A.find B.train C.keep D.buy
核心1、动词的分类
实义动词是指具有完整意义并能独立作谓语的动词,主要表示主语的动作、状态和品质。实义动词根据其后能否直接接宾语可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
类别
用法
举例
及物动词
①动词+宾语
及物动词
②动词+宾语+宾语补足语
③动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
①We ate pizza for lunch.
我们午餐吃了披萨。
②The news made him happy.
这则消息让他感到高兴。
③My mom gave me a gift.
我妈妈送给我一份礼物。
不及物动词
本身有完整的意思,后不接宾语。若其不及物动词后要接宾语,需加入适当的介词。
①The baby sleeps peacefully.
婴儿睡得很安稳。
②We arrived at the station at 6:00 p.m.
我们于下午6点到达了车站。
注意:有些动词既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词。
如:He runs a company.他经营着一家公司。
He runs every morning.他每天早上都跑步。
核心2、动词的基本形式
基本形式
变化规则
示例
动词原形
动词的基本形式
be, do, have
第三人称单数形式
一般在动词后直接加-s
read→reads,
run→________, think→_______
以ch, sh, s, o, x结尾的动词后加-es
wash→washes, teach→ __________ ,
go→________, pass→___________,
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变成i,再加-es
study→studies,
carry→_______,
try→___________
不规则变化
be→is, have→___________
巧记:清辅元后加-s,ch/sh/s/x/o后加-es; 辅音加y变i-es,其余直接-s莫迟疑!
动词的-ing形式
一般在动词后直接加-ing
read→reading, go→_______
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing
live→living, write→______,
coming→_____
以重读闭音节结尾的动词,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音字母后加-ing
sit→sitting,
begin→__________,
run→__________
少数几个以ie结尾的动词要先变ie为y,再加-ing
die→dying,
lie→_______, tie→_______
巧记:一般直接-ing, 哑e去e再加-ing; 重闭辅音双写尾,ie变y再加ing!
过去式和过去分词
一般在动词后直接加-ed
work→worked, play→__________
以不发音字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d
invite→invited, promise→___________
hope→__________
以重读闭音节结尾的动词,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音字母后加-ed
stop→stopped, plan→__________,
plan→___________
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变为i,再加-ed
carry→carried, study→__________
worry→_________
不规则变化
A-B-C型、A-B-B型、A-B-A型
grow-grew-grown
run→___________→__________
巧记:直接-ed最常见,哑e结尾要添-d, 重闭辅音双写尾,辅音加y变i-ed!
1.Daming’s grandfather usually ________ a walk in the nearby park after dinner.
A.takes B.was taking C.will take D.has taken
2.Your gift ________ me!
A.surprised B.surprising C.surprisingly D.were surprising
3.My classmates and I ________ flowers in our school garden last Friday.
A.plant B.are planting C.will plant D.planted
4.Look! The children ________ kites in the park.
A.fly B.flew C.are flying D.have flown
5.The work ________ already ________.
A.has; finished B.has; been finished
C.is; finished D.was; finished
6.After losing the game, Peter’s father came to his room and ________ him some good advice.
A.gives B.gave C.will give D.has given
7.—Why can you speak English so well?
—Because I ________ an international student as my language learning partner last term.
A.find B.found C.will find D.am finding
8.Bread and butter ________ a common breakfast in Western countries.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
9.She usually ________ to school by bike, but today she ________ by bus.
A.goes; goes B.goes; went C.went; goes D.went; went
10.Tom ________ any help because he can do the work himself.
A.needs B.doesn’t need to C.doesn’t need D.needn’t
11.—Where is your father?
—He ______ in the garden.
A.works B.worked C.is working D.has worked
12.Chinese English learners often start to talk about topics in English but_________ up in Chinese.
A.use B.end C.pick D.ends
13.The national flag ________ in our school before morning exercise every day.
A.rises B.is raised C.is risen D.raises
14.When I walked past Tom’s room, I ________ him playing computer games in it.
A.knew B.noticed C.looked D.listened
15.These CDs ________ well, and they will ________ soon.
A.sell; sold out B.sell out; be sold C.sell; be sold out D.sold out; be sold
16.—How soon will we ________ Universal Studios, Mr. Wu?
—In 20 minutes.
A.get B.arrive C.reach D.go
17.—Did the headmaster ________ to you about that problem?
—No, he didn’t. I think he must be very busy.
A.answer B.smile C.reply D.post
18.A few days ago, a director performed a break dance for students to ____ __ some of their pressures.
A.remind B.refuse C.require D.reduce
19.The price of vegetables ________ so quickly these days.
A.rushes B.adds C.rises D.raises
20.Do you know what to________it in English ?
A.say B.speak C.call D.tell
考点二 情态动词
1.(2024·广东省卷·中考真题) She thinks it is a smart choice to give Peter pocket money. “This habit help Peter manage money
well,” she says.
A.need B.must C.can
2.(2024·广东省广州卷·中考真题)Another is that the fishermen in this area catch too many fish. Penguins find enough food for their babies.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
核心1、情态动词的基本用法
原形(过去式)
用法
含义
举例
can (could)
表示能力( = be a b l e to)
能;会
I can swim. 我能游泳。
(疑问句中)表示请求许可,could比can更客气
可以
—Can you come to see me?
你能来看我吗?
—Yes, I can. /No, I can’t.
是的,我可以。/不,我不能。
(否定句、疑问句中)表示可能性
can表示可能
can’t表示不可能
Can the news be true?
这则新闻会是真的吗?
may (might)
表示可能
可能
He may know the way.
他可能知道路。
表示客气地请求
可以
May I come in? 我可以进来吗?
表示祝愿
祝......
May you good luck. 祝你好运。
shall(should)
“Shall...?”用于第一人称,表示建议或者请求
......好吗?
Shall we ask our teacher for help?
我们向我们的老师求助,好吗?
should用于各种人称,强调义务和责任
应该
You should lie down and have a rest.
你应该躺下,休息一下
must (否定
式为mustn’t)
/have to
表示义务、命令或要求
必须
mustn’t意为“禁止”
I must finish my homework first.
我必须先完成自己的家庭作业。
表示肯定推测
一定
Lisa must be at home.莉萨一定在家。
must强调主观看法;have to强调客观需要。
必须;不得不
I must study hard. 我必须努力学习。
He has to get up early.
他不得不早起。
在回答以must开头的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’t/doesn’t have to。
—Must she go now?
现在她必须要走吗?
—Yes, she must. /No, she needn’t/doesn’t have to.
是的,她必须走。/不,她不必。
need (否定
式为needn’t)
常用于否定句和疑问句中。
需要
You needn’t come so early.
你不必这么早来。
will/would
用于主语是第二人称的疑问句中,表示向对方提出建议或请求;
愿意
Will/Would you please go to the cinema with me?
你愿意和我一起去看电影吗?
will用于各种人称,表示一般将来时
愿意;将
I'll stay at home this evening.
今晚我会待在家里。
would表示过去的意愿,在一般疑问句中使用时比will更委婉。
愿意;将
She told us that she would not go with us if it rained.
她告诉我们,如果下雨她就不和我们一起
had better
表示建议,意为“最好”,常用于had better (not) do sth. 意为“最好(不)做某事”。
You’d better stay at home.
你最好待在家里。
核心2、情态动词表示推测的用法
情态动词
意义及用法
must
意为“一定;肯定”,表示非常有把握的肯定推测,用于肯定句中。
could
意为“很可能”,表推测,语气缓和,较委婉。
may
意为“有可能;也许”,表示把握不大的肯定推测,用于肯定句中。
might
表猜测,可能性比could小,语气比may弱。
can’t
意为“不可能”,表否定猜测,语气强烈。
注意:这几个词按照推测的可能性大小依次为:must>could>may>might>can’t
1.—You are right, Miss Chen. I will try to find a good method of learning English.
—I believe you ________ find one that suits you. And I’m here whenever you need help.
A.can B.can’t C.should D.shouldn’t
2.An inch of time is an inch of gold, but an inch of gold ________ buy an inch of time.
A.needn’t B.can’t C.should D.must
3.— Must I finish my homework now?
— No, you ________. You can do it tomorrow.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.shouldn’t D.can’t
4.—Look! Matt is playing football with his classmates!
—It ________ be Matt. He is having a piano lesson at this moment.
A.can’t B.might C.must D.mustn’t
5.—Do you know that AI can help us do our homework?
—Really? But we ________ do our homework on our own.
A.can B.could C.may D.must
6.You ________ worry about me. I’m fine.
A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
考点三 助动词和系动词
1.(2023·广东省卷·中考真题) It might 69 the world’s earliest form of toothbrushes.
2.(2022·广东省卷·中考真题)Tea wasn’t introduced into Europe until the early 17th century. And now it has 72 popular in Europe and America.
核心1、助动词
助动词没有任何含义,不能单独作谓语,只能和实义动词一起构成谓语,帮助行为动词组成各种时态、语态、语气以及疑问或否定形式。常见的助动词有be,do,does,did,have等,具体用法如下:
种类
用法
举例
be
构成各种进行时态
It was raining all day yesterday.
昨天下了一天雨。
构成被动语态
The meeting was held yesterday afternoon.
这个会议是昨天下午召开的
与不定式连用表示按计划、预先安排或规定要发生的动作
They are to see an English film this
evening. 他们今晚要看一场英语电影。
do
do的过去式是did;第三人称单数是does;do,did,does用于构成疑问式或否定式
Does he think so?他这么认为吗?
在动词前加上do,does,did表示强调,意为“的确,确实”
They do study hard.他们确实学习努力。
have
have的过去式是had;第三人称单数是has;have,has,had均可与动词的过去分词一起构成完成时态
He has lived here for three years.
他已经住在这里三年了。
核心2、系动词
系动词又称连系动词,其后常接形容词或名词等作表语。
注意:系动词只能有主动语态,不能有被动语态,多数不能用于进行时态。系动词有一定意义,它们要与其后作表语的形容词、名词或介词(短语)一起构成合成谓语。常见的系动词如下:
种类
用法
举例
be动词
is,am,are,was,were
I am a math teacher.我是数学老师。
表感官
look(看起来),smell(闻起来),
taste(尝起来),sound(听起来),
feel(摸起来,感觉)
Lucy looks happy today.
今天露西看起来很开心。
The music sounds beautiful.
这音乐听起来很优美。
表变化
become,get,turn(十颜色),
g o ( + b a d食物变质),
g r o w ( + tall , o l d ) ,
f a l l ( + i 1 1, sick , asleep)
The trees turn green in spring.春天树变绿了。
Food goes bad easily in hot weather.
炎热的天气里,食物容易变质。
I didn't fall asleep until midnight yesterday.
昨天直到半夜我才睡着。
保持,保留
keep,stay,remain
We all remained/stayed/kept silent.
我们都保持沉默。
似乎,好像
seem
He seemed very sad yesterday.
昨天,他似乎很伤心。
巧记口诀
五感:五个表示感官的动词-look看,sound听,smell闻,taste尝,,feel感觉
四变:四个表示变化的动词-become变成,turn变得,get变得,grow 变得
三保持:三个表示保持的动词-keep保持,stay保持,remain仍然是
二特殊:两个特殊动词-be是,seem似乎
1.Physics ________ my favorite subject.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
2.—The cake ________ delicious. Who made it?
—My mom did.
A.tastes B.looks C.sounds D.feels
3.The music ________ exciting. I want to listen again.
A.smells B.looks C.sounds D.tastes
4.The little girl looks so ________ in the red dress.
A.beautifully B.lovely C.politely D.wonderfully
5.The shirt is made of silk. It ________ so soft.
A.felt B.is feeling C.feels D.is felt
6.Mo Yan is a famous writer now, but he ________ a true son of the soil (土地).
A.has B.gets C.remains D.may be
7.The boy seemed ________ when his father sent him a toy car as his birthday present.
A.happy B.happily C.happiness D.happier
8.Nowadays, Chinese ________ by more and more foreigners. I’m really proud of it.
A.are spoken B.is spoken C.spoke D.has spoken
9.—______ he go to school by bike every day?
—Yes, he does.
A.Do B.Does C.Did D.Will
10.—You know much about the film. You saw it not long ago?
—Yes. I ______ see it yesterday. It’s wonderful.
A.didn’t B.did C.do D.have
11.Not only his parents but also he ________ been to the Tibet.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
12.________ you ever been to Beijing?
A.Do B.Did C.Have D.Has
考点四 动词短语
1.(2025·广东省卷·中考真题)So, Xu bought and nearly 1,000 books in the following year. The students who received the books were very thankful.
A.dug up B.picked up C.gave away D.threw away
2.(2025·广东省广州卷·中考真题) I acting on stage, but I had a big birthmark on my face, so I chose to work behind the stage.
A.gave up B.kept on C.heard about D.dreamed of
3.(2024·广东省卷·中考真题)But when things don’t go smoothly as she plans, she feels no disappointment. She says mistakes may a new idea.
A.mix with B.turn down C.lead to D.break down
4.(2025·广东省广州卷·中考真题)He dug through the rubbish with his cousin in the villages nearby and his goal until he got what he wanted.
A.stuck to B.went over C.looked into D.learn about
5.(2023·广东省卷·中考真题)When she entered the house, Mum and Dad were 8 her on the sofa.
A.waiting for B.laughing at C.looking after D.learning from
动词短语词义辨析是广东中考完形填空的必考点,考查形式主要有两种:同一动词型和同一介词/副词型
核心1、同一动词型
come短语
come out 出现;出版 come in进来 come on 加油;快点儿 come back回来
come over顺便来访 come along 出现;进展 come up with 提出;想出
come up出现;升起 come down落下;崩塌
come across(偶然)遇见 come true(希望、梦想等)实现
get短语
get up起床 get on上车(船、飞机等) get off下车(船、飞机等)
get down下来 get into进入;陷入 get to到达 get back回来
give短语
give away捐赠;泄露 give up放弃 give in屈服;让步
give over停止;交出 give back归还;恢复 give out散发;分发
go短语
go away走开;离开;消失 go up上升;增长 go along继续前进;沿着……走
go on继续 go ahead 进行;前进 go by(时间)流逝 go through通过
go off 爆炸;(警报等)响起 go down下降 go back返回
go out 熄灭;出去(娱乐) go over复习;仔细检查
look短语
look at看 look after 照顾;照料 look into调查 look out当心;留神
look up查阅;查找 look for寻找;盼望 look around环顾 look like看起来像
look over查看;检查 look through浏览 look back回顾
look up to尊敬;钦佩 look forward to盼望 look out for留心;注意察看
put短语
put up举起;搭建;张贴 put down写下;放下 put back把……放回原处
put into注入;投入 put away放put on穿上;上演;增加put out熄灭
put off推迟 put through接通(电话)
take短语
take up占用;开始从事 take down写下;记下 take away带走;拿走
take over接收;接管 take out拿出;除去;扣除 take care of照顾
take place举行;发生 take pride in以……为傲 take part in参加
take after(在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像 take the place of 代替
核心2、同一介词/副词型
at短语
aim at瞄准;旨在 laugh at嘲笑 arrive at到达(小地方) point at 指向……
knock at敲 smile at冲……微笑 shout at对……大喊 stare...at凝视;盯着看
about短语
argue about争论 bring about引起;造成 care about关心;在意 hear about听说
hang about闲逛 talk about谈论 think about考虑 worry about担心
away 短语
blow away驱散;吹走 get away离开;逃脱 pass away去世
fly away飞走 run away逃跑 throw away扔掉
for短语
ask for 请求 care for关心;关怀 leave for动身去 thanks for因……而感谢
pay for为……付钱 prepare for为……做准备 search for搜寻;寻找
send for派人去请 stand for代表;象征 wait for等待 cheer for为……加油
up短语
add up加起来;合计 bring up提出;养育;培养 cheer up使振奋
clean up清理;打扫 use up用完;用尽 call up打电话 eat up吃光
dress up穿上盛装;装扮 end up最终成为;最后处于 fix up修理;修补
stay up熬夜 tidy up整理;收拾 grow up成长;长大 hurry up赶快
off短语
run off流失;逃跑 drop off入睡;下降 fall off减少;跌落 leave off停止;中断
shut off关闭;切断 pay off偿清(欠款等)ring off挂断电话send off发送;邮寄
set off动身;启程 show off炫耀 give off(散)发出;放出(气味、热、光等)
on短语
agree on就……达成共识 call on号召;拜访 depend on依靠;依赖
feed on以……为食 focus on集中于hold on别挂电话;坚持keep on继续前行pass on传递 try on试穿 work on从事于;忙于
out短语
blow out 吹灭 break out(战争、火灾等)突然发生;爆发 point out指出
bring out使显现;使变得明显 carry out 执行;贯彻 find out查明;发现
down短语
break down停止运转;出故障 calm down平静下来 slow down放慢速度
die down变弱;逐渐消失 fall down倒塌;跌倒 knock down拆除;撞倒;击倒
lie down躺下 pull down拆掉;拆毁 look down俯视;轻视 sit down坐下
shut down关闭;停业 write down写下;记下
in短语
break in 强行闯入;打断 bring in引入 check in报到;登记 fill in填写
result in导致;引起hand in上交take in吸收;收入 believe in信任;信赖
with短语
agree with同意 begin with以……开始 compare with与……相比
connect with与……相连 catch up with追上;赶上 deal with解决;处理
fall in love with爱上(某人或某物) stay/keep in touch with与……保持联系
go with伴随 play with和……一起玩 part with放弃;交出(难舍之物)
share with与……分享 talk with和……交谈
back短语
bring back 带回;使想起 pay back 尝还 talk back 顶嘴
1.We should ________ the hotel after two o’clock in the afternoon.
A.arrive B.arrive in C.arrive at D.get
2.I’ve been trying to phone Mom all evening, but I can’t seem to _________ .
A.get in B.get off C.get through D.get along
3.We must ________ if we want to win the match tomorrow.
A.get together B.pull together C.get up D.give up
4.A man who does not ________ others can’t hope to achieve much.
A.learn from B.come from C.get from D.take from
5.—What are you ______?
—I can't ______ my pen.Have you seen it?
A.finding;find B.finding;look for
C.looking for;look for D.looking for;find
1.Bob loves Mary very much. He wants to marry ________ her.
A.together B.with C./ D.to
2.The new basketball ________ Dave. He bought it yesterday.
A.is B.is belong C.belongs D.belongs to
3.We should learn to ________ different things.
A.compare B.compare with C.compare to D.comparing
4.The movie Youth ________ my grandma ________ the life in the countryside.
A.reminds; of B.lets; down C.wakes; up D.helps; out
5.Students should pay attention to ________ the teacher in class.
A.listening B.listening to C.listen D.listen to
6.Mike, could you please help Linda ________ the floor?
A.sweep B.sweeps C.swept D.sweeping
7.She lives next to her friends, so she ________ go far if she ________ some help with her homework.
A.needn’t; needs to B.needn’t; needs
C.doesn’t need; needs D.doesn’t need to; need to
8.—When will Mr. Wang ________ Beijing?
—Next month.
A.get B.reach C.arrive D.come
9.Kate’s mom gave her warm arms to sleep __________ the night when she was a baby.
A.and B.about C.by D.in
10.The dragon ________ an important part in Chinese festivals
A.takes B.plays C.has D.act
11.Please find a room for us ________ this evening.
A.to stay B.staying C.to staying D.to stay in
12.They ______ going to visit the museum tomorrow.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
13.The book ________ very interesting. I want to read it again.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
14.The news ________ very exciting.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
15.—The dish ________ so good.
—You’ll find it more delicious if you try it once.
A.smells B.tastes C.sounds D.feels
16.The silk scarf ________ soft and smooth. It’s made in Suzhou.
A.feels B.looks C.sounds D.tastes
17.— The milk ________ strange. Do you think it’s still good?
— I’m not sure. Let’s ask Mom.
A.smells B.is smelled C.smelled D.smelling
18.The main character in the movie is a robot and he sounds ________.
A.lovely B.gently C.warmly D.happily
19.This song ________ very beautiful. Many people like listening to it.
A.sounds B.feels C.smells D.tastes
20.The glasses in this shop ______ often expensive, but this pair of glasses ________ cheap.
A.are; are B.are; is C.is; is D.is; are
21.—The red dress ________ very nice on you.
—Thanks.
A.sounds B.looks C.tastes D.feels
22.The boy’s face ________ red when he talks to someone.
A.goes B.gets C.turns D.grows
23.His family ________ a big one.
A.is B.are C.am D.be
24.The baby’s face ________ smooth and soft.
A.felt B.feeling C.is felt D.feels
25.—______ you like playing football?
—Yes, I do.
A.Do B.Does C.Did D.Will
26.—What a nice car! When ________ you ________ it?
—Yesterday. It’s my birthday gift.
A.have; bought B.did; buy C.are; buying D.will; buy
27.—________ you go to the park yesterday?
—No, I stayed at home.
A.Do B.Does C.Are D.Did
28.I telephoned my friend, but he didn’t ________.
A.replied B.think C.reply D.thought
29.I ________ understand the rule until you explained it to me.
A.don’t B.wasn’t C.didn’t D.isn’t
30.We ________ give up producing cars but we should invent better, cleaner engines.
A.don’t need to B.needn’t to C.don’t need D.need to
31.— What animals ________ Chen Jie’s uncle have on his farm?
— He ________ cows, horses and sheep.
A.does; has B.do; have C.do; has D.does; have
32.—Who helps you with your English in your class?
—Zhang Ke _________.
A.does B.do C.is D.helps
33.—If you don’t want to get into trouble, please don’t ________ any small mistakes.
—No. I won’t.
A.came out B.leave out C.get out D.put out
34.I ________ hope that every one of us will be successful in our studies.
A.do B.does C.did D.doing
35.Jane ________ be in the teacher’s office. I saw her playing on the playground just now.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.shall not
36.You ________ take down everything the teacher says. Just get the main points.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.couldn’t D.won’t
37.You _______ smoke in a public place. It’s against the rules.
A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
38.—Can I fish here?
—No, you ________. The sign says, “No fishing.”
A.shouldn’t B.needn’t C.may not D.mustn’t
39.—______ I go out with my friends tonight?
—Yes, you can.
A.Must B.Need C.Can D.Should
40.—______ I use your dictionary?
—Sure, here you are.
A.May B.Must C.Need D.Should
41.— Isn’t that Helen over there?
— No, it ________ be her. I’m sure she doesn’t wear glasses.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.won’t D.wouldn’t
42.—What will the weather be like tomorrow?
—It ________ be rainy, cloudy or sunny. Who knows?
A.might B.must C.should D.can’t
43.Do you know who _________ the light bulb and who _________ America first?
A.discovered; found B.discovered; invented
C.found; discovered D.invented; discovered
44.You’d better take the subway to ________ heavy traffic on the way to the airport.
A.warn B.stop C.avoid D.discover
45.Learn to use the English dictionary well and don’t_________every word you come across.
A.look up B.look through C.look around D.look after
46.—Rose is very upset these days because she didn't get a pay rise.
—What a pity! But I believe she can ________ it soon.
A.get over B.turn over C.go over D.come over
47.My mom says I should not ________ my phone every 5 minutes. It’s a bad habit.
A.pick up B.get up C.give up D.take up
48.Who broke the glass must ______ it, it is one of our library rules.
A.pay for B.spend on C.give back D.pull down
49.Although I am not sure ________ the answer to the question, I agree ________ you.
A.about; with B.of; to C.for; with D.about; on
50.Bill is friendly, he often runs out ________ his money to help others.
A.to B.of C.for D.with
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