Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 单元话题（发明与创造）语法选择进阶练15篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（新教材沪教版五四制）

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 单元话题（发明与创造）语法选择进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在各小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Our cities are busy and crowded. Sometimes they are not smart enough. As a teenager living in Dongguan, Guangdong, 13-year-old Wu Yuhang 1 this is a problem. “Crossing the streets can be 2 . Drivers can’t see traffic lights (交通灯) 3 their cars are behind a bus. Some careless people can’t 4 their eyes off their phones. I once saw a big board fall 5 in a big wind and cut a tree in half. That was terrible,” said Wu. “I’m trying to find ‘smart’ ways to solve these 6 .” To stop drivers from playing with their phones, Wu created a signal-blocking device (信号屏蔽装置) and put it at the crossing. He also 7 an assistant system (辅助系统) for traffic lights. Now it is much 8 for drivers to see traffic lights. Wu has a big plan for his future—to be 9 engineer. “China still has a long way to go in computer science. And I will try 10 best to make our cities smarter.” 1．A．think B．thinks C．thinking 2．A．dangerous B．dangerously C．danger 3．A．although B．unless C．when 4．A．keep B．to keep C．keeping 5．A．at B．on C．down 6．A．problem B．problems C．problem’s 7．A．will make B．make C．made 8．A．easy B．easier C．easiest 9．A．an B．a C．the 10．A．me B．my C．mine My name is Kaspar and I’m a child-sized robot. I can open and close my mouth and eyes and I can 1 show several feelings, such as happiness, sadness and surprise. I was first made by scientists 2 2005. My job is to help children with autism (自闭症) understand feelings and language and know how 3 along with people. It 4 me twenty minutes once a week to talk and play with them. I often speak slowly to them, 5 they can better understand what I am saying. I like being touched by these children. However, if a child hurts 6 , I will hide my face in my hands and cry out, “Ouch! This hurts.” The child will then know it is wrong to hurt others. 7 clever robot I am! I really helped some autism children. I remember 8 eight-year-old girl in the primary school. She didn’t like to be touched by others last year. But she can hug everyone now and make some friends after playing with me for some time. She is 9 than before. As a robot for autism children, I hope 10 more helpful. I believe that scientists will make my wish come true in the future. 1．A．also B．either C．too 2．A．at B．in C．on 3．A．getting B．got C．to get 4．A．takes B．take C．took 5．A．so B．but C．or 6．A．me B．my C．I 7．A．What an B．What a C．How 8．A．an B．a C．the 9．A．happy B．happier C．happiest 10．A．become    ` B．becoming C．to become There are a number of animals that glow (发光) in some way—including several kinds of insects (昆虫) and fish. Some kinds of mushrooms (蘑菇) glow, too. 1 most plants don’t glow. Now scientists are working to change that. Now, researchers at 2 Russian company, working with the scientists from 3 countries have come up with a new method of creating (创造) glowing plants. The plants 4 glow as long as they are alive. Though mushrooms and plants glow very 5 , the scientists focused on an acid (酸) that was found in both plants and mushrooms. They added certain parts of the DNA from glowing mushrooms to ordinary tobacco (烟草) plants. In this way, the scientists 6 able to create plants that could make their own luciferin (荧光素) using this acid. The glow came from all parts of the plants—leaves, roots, and flowers. The scientists reported that the green 7 was about 10 times brighter (更亮的) than the light in earlier glowing plants. The glow was strong enough 8 easily recorded with an ordinary (普通的) camera, and it wasn’t bad 9 the health of the plants. The researchers believe that glowing plants can help scientists learn more about the way plats work. But the researchers don’t think the plants will just be used for science. They think many people may want glowing plants for 10 beauty. The scientists have already shown that a few common flowers can be made to glow, such as roses. 1．A．And B．But C．So 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．another B．other C．the other 4．A．need B．must C．can 5．A．difference B．different C．differently 6．A．is B．are C．were 7．A．lights B．light C．lights’ 8．A．be B．being C．to be 9．A．in B．with C．for 10．A．theirs B．them C．their Samuel Skotnikov, Changyoung Kim, and Eeshaan Prashanth are three high school students from Texas, America. Their good friend Aiden lost one of his legs in an accident and had to use 1 artificial leg. However, it was uncomfortable and difficult 2 . They noticed Aiden was having a hard time moving around with his artificial leg, 3 they decided to make him a better one. They 4 work right away. It took 5 several months to finish their design, NeuroFlex. What makes it special is that it is controlled by (由……控制) the user’s brain, instead 6 his body. The brain signals tell NeuroFlex how the user wants to move and then NeuroFlex’s motors (发动机) support the movement. And the best part is that, compared to other artificial legs on the market, NeuroFlex costs 7 . It only costs about $1,000 to make it, while other artificial legs are at a cost of about$100,000. Skotnikov, Kim and Prashanth attended an international science fair with their 8 , and they won third prize in the Gordon E. Moore Award. “I can’t find the words,” Skotnikov said after winning the award, “At first, we just wanted to help fix our 9 problem. Later we found that we could help more people with NeuroFlex. 10 helping leg! 1．A．a B．an C．/ 2．A．use B．using C．to use 3．A．so B．although C．because 4．A．begin B．began C．will begin 5．A．they B．their C．them 6．A．of B．for C．to 7．A．little B．less C．least 8．A．invent B．inventor C．invention 9．A．friend B．friends C．friend’s 10．A．What a B．What C．How 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 The umbrella is a useful invention. It is a very common thing in 1 daily lives. It has a long history in China. There are many stories about the invention of the umbrella. 2 most popular one is about Lu Ban. One day, Lu Ban and his sister wanted to visit the West Lake, 3 it suddenly rained hard. The sister said, “It’s a pity that we can’t visit the West Lake on rainy days. Why not have a competition?” They decided 4 a way to solve the problem before sunrise tomorrow. Lu Ban thought it was easy. He said to himself, “I will build enough pavilions (亭子).” So he spent the whole night 5 ten pavilions around the lake. He thought he was sure to beat his sister. The next morning, when Lu Ban was talking proudly about his work, his sister 6 . She was holding something special in her hand. She opened it. It was round and made of silk and bamboo strips. It was light and beautiful. People could carry it 7 . Lu Ban was surprised and said, “You win. Your ‘pavilion’ is much 8 than mine.” That was the first umbrella. Later, paper with tung oil (桐油) was used instead 9 silk. The umbrella became common for people to use. 10 interesting the story was! 1．A．us B．our C．ours 2．A．A B．An C．The 3．A．because B．although C．but 4．A．to find B．finding C．find 5．A．build B．building C．to build 6．A．come B．comes C．came 7．A．easily B．easy C．easier 8．A．good B．well C．better 9．A．to B．of C．for 10．A．How B．What C．What a 进阶拓展训练5篇 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Albert Einstein once said, “I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious.” The 1 inventions in history would be impossible without curiosity. Curiosity can bring new discoveries. Benjamin Franklin is 2 great example. He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature. He did lots of research to try to understand it. For example, he flew a kite 3 a storm. His curiosity led him to invent the lightning rod. Since then, this simple rod 4 thousands of buildings from lightning fires. Curiosity can also make people brave. Just look at Wan Hu, the Ming Dynasty pioneer of space exploration. He was so curious about space that he invented a “flying chair”! He lost 5 life while testing this invention. 6 he failed, his dream has given ideas to many modern rocket scientists. But curiosity is more than just taking risks. It also drives people toward certain 7 . Zhang Heng, a Chinese scientist and 8 , was curious about the world: how did everything in the world move? Night after night he was watching the stars while others 9 . Finally, he drew China’s first star map and invented the first earthquake detector. His curiosity continues 10 scientists today. As Jacques Cousteau said, “What is a scientist after all? It is a curious man looking through a keyhole, the keyhole of nature, trying to know what’s going on.” Curiosity is the key. It opens one door after another for us to discover a new world. 1．A．great B．greater C．greatest 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．at B．opposite C．during 4．A．saved B．has saved C．will save 5．A．his B．him C．he 6．A．But B．Although C．Because 7．A．goals B．goal’s C．goal 8．A．invent B．invention C．inventor 9．A．slept B．were sleeping C．sleep 10．A．influence B．to influence C．influencing An Explosive Invention China is famous for the “Four Great Inventions”. Among them, gunpowder has perhaps had the biggest influence on the world. However, few people know that 1 original purpose was not for war. In ancient China, many alchemists (炼丹术士) wanted to live forever. They tried 2 different natural substances to create a special medicine. During the Tang Dynasty, an accident happened. A mixture of sulfur (硫磺), charcoal (木炭), and saltpeter (硝石) suddenly caught fire and exploded. The alchemists were shocked. They realized 3 they had created a powerful new material. At first, gunpowder was used for entertainment. 4 firecrackers became a popular way to celebrate the Spring Festival. People believed the loud noise could scare away evil spirits. Later, the use of gunpowder changed. It 5 to make weapons like fire arrows and cannons in the Song Dynasty. The technology slowly spread to the Arab world and Europe along the Silk Road. 6 it arrived in the West, it completely changed the way wars were fought. Knights (骑士) and castles could no longer stop the power of cannons. There is an old book 7 Wujing Zongyao. It records the earliest written formulas for gunpowder. Today, we still enjoy fireworks displays on holidays. 8 beautiful the colorful lights look in the night sky! Gunpowder is a double-edged sword. It can bring joy, 9 it can also cause destruction. We should learn from history. People 10 love peace hope that such power will always be used wisely. 1．A．it B．it’s C．its 2．A．mix B．to mix C．mixes 3．A．what B．which C．that 4．A．Lighting B．Lighted C．Light 5．A．used B．has used C．was used 6．A．After B．Unless C．Before 7．A．calls B．calling C．called 8．A．What B．Why C．How 9．A．but B．so C．or 10．A．which B．who C．whom From Work wear to Fashion Open any wardrobe (衣橱) in the world, and you will likely find a pair of blue jeans. They are 1 trousers on Earth. But did you know that jeans were originally invented for hard work, not for fashion? In the 1850s, a man named Levi Strauss moved to California during the Gold Rush. He saw that gold miners needed strong trousers that 2 easily. Levi decided to make trousers out of denim (牛仔布), a tough fabric. He added copper rivets (铜铆钉) to make the pockets stronger 3 miners could carry heavy tools. By the 1950s, jeans 4 a symbol of rebellion (叛逆) for teenagers. Movie stars like James Dean  wore them in films. Suddenly, every young person wanted a pair. Schools even banned them at first! However, the trend was unstoppable. Jeans, which were once cheap work clothes, became a fashion item for everyone. Today, jeans come in all shapes and colors. Making a single pair of jeans, however, requires a lot of water and chemicals. This is bad for the environment. Some companies are now trying to make “green jeans” by using less water. 5 jeans is easy, but making them sustainable is hard. Jeans have traveled a long way from the gold mines. They prove that fashion 6 from the needs of daily life. No matter 7 styles change, jeans seem to last forever. They are comfortable, durable, and cool. It is hard to imagine a world 8 jeans do not exist. They are truly a legend 9 in blue. We should cherish this invention 10 changed the world. 1．A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular 2．A．wouldn’t tear B．would tear C．will tear 3．A．so that B．as if C．even though 4．A．become B．became C．had become 5．A．Worn B．Wearing C．Wear 6．A．comes B．come C．will come 7．A．what B．how C．when 8．A．which B．where C．that 9．A．paint B．painting C．painted 10．A．that B．who C．whom Making the Night Bright Before the late 19th century, when the sun went down, the world became dark. People relied on candles and gas lamps 1 . However, Thomas Edison, one of the greatest inventors in history, was determined to change this. He wanted to create an electric light that was safe and cheap enough for everyone. Edison did not invent the first light bulb, but he made the first practical one. 2 part was finding the right material for the filament (灯丝). He and his team tried thousands of different materials, from cotton to bamboo. They failed again and again. Yet, Edison didn’t give up. He said, “I haven’t failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways 3 won’t work.” Finally, in 1879, he succeeded. A bulb using a carbon filament burned for 13.5 hours. It was a huge success. Soon, his invention 4 to the public. The news spread quickly in newspapers around the world. People were 5 that a small glass ball could turn night into day. Edison’s success teaches us a lesson about persistence (坚持). Giving up was never an option for him. He believed that genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration (汗水). Today, 6 we turn on a light, we should thank the man who lit up the world. 7 we have LED lights now, the principle remains the same. The light bulb is 8 important an invention that we cannot imagine life without it. It allows us to work and 9 long after sunset. It is truly 10 symbol of human intelligence. 1．A．seen B．seeing C．to see 2．A．The hardest B．Harder C．Hard 3．A．when B．where C．that 4．A．introduced B．was introduced C．introduces 5．A．to amaze B．amazing C．amazed 6．A．whenever B．whatever C．however 7．A．Although B．Because C．If 8．A．such B．too C．so 9．A．played B．playing C．play 10．A．/ B．a C．an Last month, a major scientific discovery in artificial intelligence 1 the National Innovation Prize. The invention—an intelligent learning system—didn’t happen 2 accident. A research team worked hard for over five years before they finally succeeded. This system is designed to help students learn more efficiently. It can process 3 pieces of learning information and spread much knowledge in a more vivid and understandable way. For example, it uses virtual reality to 4 students to “travel” inside a cell or “walk” on Mars. Teachers can use it to make 5 easier to explain difficult concepts. What’s more, the system encourages students to learn by themselves. They can imagine 6 their own science projects or doing experiments in a simulated lab. It offers 7 every day—maybe a challenging maths game or an interesting historical story. 8 encouraging it is to see technology changing education! This system is even 9 than we thought. It hardly leaves any student behind—whether they learn fast 10 need more time. We’re living in a wonderful time full of creativity and discoveries. Maybe one day, you will also create something important that helps people around the world! 1．A．awarded B．is awarded C．was awarded 2．A．in B．by C．on 3．A．thousands of B．thousand of C．several thousands of 4．A．allow B．make C．let 5．A．that B．it C．this 6．A．design B．to design C．designing 7．A．something exciting B．exciting something C．anything exciting 8．A．What B．How C．What an 9．A．powerful B．more powerful C．much powerful 10．A．and B．so C．or 能力综合实践5篇 Many people are getting the COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗) these days. But some are afraid of needles (针). What if we don’t use them at all? Scientists around the world are working on new types of vaccines. They hope 1 people get vaccinated more easily. Chinese scientists Chen Wei and her team 2 a new vaccine recently. You can breathe it in through a mask or have it sprayed (喷洒) into your mouth. According to Chen, COVID-19 mainly infects us through the nose and throat. By breathing in the vaccine, people can get “mucosal immunity” (黏膜免疫). This can kill the virus in the nose and throat 3 it goes deeper into the body. It’s also a lot 4 than injecting a vaccine. It will help more 5 get vaccinated quickly. 6 piece of good news comes from Australia. Scientists at the University of Queensland have made a COVID-19 vaccine patch (贴片). “It’s 7 very simple one and even little kids can use it by themselves,” said researcher David Muller. All you need to do is to put the patch on your arm, leave it there 8 10 seconds and take it off. Then everything is done. According to the researchers, there are 5,000 tiny needles on the patch 9 as tiny as our hair. They are too small to cause any pain. Now researchers are testing the patch on humans, it could 10 within two years. 1．A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 2．A．have made B．made C．will make D．are making 3．A．until B．after C．before D．because 4．A．easy B．easier C．easily D．more easily 5．A．peoples B．people C．person D．person’s 6．A．Other B．The other C．Others D．Another 7．A．a B．an C．/ D．the 8．A．with B．of C．for D．at 9．A．that is B．what are C．who is D．which are 10．A．have used B．be using C．be used D．is used 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的语法要求， 各题所给的A、B、C 和 D项中选出最佳选项。 On the second Tuesday of October every year, people celebrate Ada Lovelace Day. But only a few people know who Ada Lovelacc is and what 1 famous for. When people think of the history of computers, they usually think of men 2 Bill Gates and Steve Jobs. 3 many historians believe the world’s first computer programmer was a woman: Ada Lovelace. Lovelace was born in 1815 and grew up in London, England. With 4 mathematician (数学家) mother Lovelace was good at maths and science when she was a young girl. In 1833, Lovelace met a mathematician named Charles Babbage. They became friends and often got together 5 about maths. At the time, Babbage 6 on the Analytical Engine (分析机). Lovelace was very 7 in it. In 1843, Lovelace helped write an article on the Analytical Engine. She wrote what   8 thought about it. One of her notes described a step-by-step calculation (计算) of how the Analytical Engine could work. Today, the Analytical Engine 9 to be the first model of the computer. And Lovelace’s calculation is considered to be the first 10 program. Ada Lovelace Day is a day to celebrate the achievements (成就) of women in science, technology engineering, and mathematics. And Ada Lovelace is a role model for young women around the world. 1．A．is she B．she is C．was she D．she was 2．A．like B．as C．with D．by 3．A．So B．Although C．And D．But 4．A．/ B．a C．an D．the 5．A．talk B．talked C．talking D．to talk 6．A．works B．was working C．worked D．has worked 7．A．interest B．interesting C．interested D．interestingly 8．A．she B．herself C．hers D．her 9．A．thinks B．thought C．is thought D．was thought 10．A．computer B．computers C．computer’s D．computers’ When we think of paper, we think of newspapers and books. But there are many other uses. Only half of the 1 paper is used for books and newspapers. Paper is very good for 2 you warm. You have perhaps seen homeless men sleep on a large number of newspapers. In Finland, it is sometimes -40°C in winter. The farmers 3 paper boots in the snow. Nothing could be 4 . Each year, more and more things are made of paper. We 5 paper cups and plates for a long time. But now we hear that chairs, tables, and even beds can 6 of paper. Besides paper boots and shoes, you can wear paper hats, paper 7 , and paper raincoats. When you have used them once, you may throw them away and buy new ones. The latest use of paper seems to be paper houses. These are not small houses for children 8 in, but real, big houses for people to live in. You can buy a house 9 three rooms for about 500 dollars. You can put it up by 10 in a few hours, and you can use it for about five years. 1．A．world B．worlds C．world’s 2．A．keeps B．keeping C．kept 3．A．wear B．wears C．wearing 4．A．warm B．warmer C．warmest 5．A．has had B．had C．have had 6．A．be made B．made C．make 7．A．dress B．dresses C．dressed 8．A．plays B．played C．to play 9．A．with B．have C．has 10．A．your B．yours C．yourself I am a boy in South Korea. My English name is Tony. A month ago, a robot (机器人) named Mike 1 my new teacher. Mike teaches us English. It looks like 2 human. It can move around our classroom when it reads books and talks 3 us. However, Mike’s voice is not its own. It needs an English teacher to make it work. 4 the help of a special camera in the body of Mike, the English teacher can see us. Mike also has different ways of teaching so that we can learn 5 . Our robot teacher doesn’t need to have a rest 6 it never feels tired or gets ill. Also, it never gets angry with us. It is so interesting that everyone in my class likes Mike. Now most students in our class like spending more time 7 English. And most of us get 8 grades than before. I hope there will be 9 robot teachers in our school one day. Then our teachers can do 10 work at home! 1．A．is becoming B．will become C．becomes D．became 2．A．an B．a C．the D．/ 3．A．with B．about C．of D．in 4．A．In B．At C．On D．With 5．A．easy B．easiest C．easily D．easier 6．A．because B．when C．although D．if 7．A．learning B．to learn C．learn D．learnt 8．A．good B．better C．best D．the best 9．A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundreds of D．hundred of 10．A．they B．their C．theirs D．themselves 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Do you like listening to the radio? Now you don’t have to use 1 real radio. You can use an App on 2 mobile phone to listen to the radio. The App is called The Himalaya (喜马拉雅). The Himalaya is a popular App. Now lots of people 3 it. They say they can learn a lot 4 it. There 5 many different kinds of programs on the App, such as music and talk shows. And this App isn’t just a radio. You can find some audio (声音的) books on it, too. For example, you can find some famous books like Journey to the West by Wu Chengen. The Himalaya is also a useful tool (工具) for 6 . There are some English programs for students of different ages. Besides (此外) , there are some English speeches (演讲) given by famous people like Bill Gates and Steve Jobs. In addition (另外), if you 7 sleep well at night, you can find light music to listen to. It will help you fall asleep (入睡) 8 . 9 you feel tired, there are lots of jokes to make you relaxed. What else does the App have? 10 not download (下载) it? Then you will find more interesting programs on it. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself 3．A．will use B．using C．used D．are using 4．A．to B．from C．for D．about 5．A．am B．is C．are D．were 6．A．learn B．to learn C．learned D．learning 7．A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 8．A．quick B．quickly C．lucky D．luckily 9．A．Although B．If C．Until D．Unless 10．A．What B．When C．How D．Why 12 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 13 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 单元话题（发明与创造）语法选择进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在各小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Our cities are busy and crowded. Sometimes they are not smart enough. As a teenager living in Dongguan, Guangdong, 13-year-old Wu Yuhang 1 this is a problem. “Crossing the streets can be 2 . Drivers can’t see traffic lights (交通灯) 3 their cars are behind a bus. Some careless people can’t 4 their eyes off their phones. I once saw a big board fall 5 in a big wind and cut a tree in half. That was terrible,” said Wu. “I’m trying to find ‘smart’ ways to solve these 6 .” To stop drivers from playing with their phones, Wu created a signal-blocking device (信号屏蔽装置) and put it at the crossing. He also 7 an assistant system (辅助系统) for traffic lights. Now it is much 8 for drivers to see traffic lights. Wu has a big plan for his future—to be 9 engineer. “China still has a long way to go in computer science. And I will try 10 best to make our cities smarter.” 1．A．think B．thinks C．thinking 2．A．dangerous B．dangerously C．danger 3．A．although B．unless C．when 4．A．keep B．to keep C．keeping 5．A．at B．on C．down 6．A．problem B．problems C．problem’s 7．A．will make B．make C．made 8．A．easy B．easier C．easiest 9．A．an B．a C．the 10．A．me B．my C．mine 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是一个13岁的青少年发明了一个辅助系统，能够让司机在路上更安全地行驶。 1．句意：作为一个住在广东东莞的青少年，13岁的吴宇航认为这是一个问题。 think认为；thinks是think的第三人称单数形式；thinking是think的现在分词形式。主语是13-year-old Wu Yuhang，所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 2．句意：过马路可能是危险的。 dangerous危险的，形容词；dangerously危险地，副词；danger危险，名词。根据“Crossing the streets can be…”可知，句子结构为主系表结构，应该填形容词作表语。故选A。 3．句意：当司机的车在公共汽车后面时，他们看不到红绿灯。 although尽管；unless除非；when当……时。根据“Drivers can’t see traffic lights (交通灯) …their cars are behind a bus.”可知，前后句表示的是时间关系。故选C。 4．句意：有些粗心大意的人目不转睛地看手机。 keep保持；to keep是keep的不定式；keeping是keep的现在分词形式。根据空格前的can’t可知，情态动词后面加动词原形。故选A。 5．句意：有一次，我看到一个大的木板在大风中掉下来，把树切成了两半。 at在；on在……上；down下来。根据“I once saw a big board fall … in a big wind and cut a tree in half.”可知，木板被风刮下来把树切成了两半。故选C。 6．句意：我正在努力寻找“智能”的方式解决这些问题。 problem问题；problems是problem的复数形式；problem’s是所有格形式。根据空前的these可知，此处应该填复数形式。故选B。 7．句意：他也为交通信号灯制作了一个辅助系统。 will make一般将来时；make一般现在时；made一般过去时。根据“To stop drivers from playing with their phones, Wu created a signal-blocking device (信号屏蔽装置) and put it at the crossing. He also…”可知，这是在描述他做过的事情，应该用一般过去时。故选C。 8．句意：现在对于司机来说，看交通信号灯更加容易了。 easy容易的；easier是比较级；easiest是最高级。根据“Now it is much … for drivers to see traffic lights.”可知，此处是现在与过去对比，看交通信号灯变得更容易，并且much后要加形容词的比较级形式。故选B。 9．句意：吴对于他的未来有一个大的计划——成为一名工程师。 an泛指一个，后加元音音素开头的单词；a泛指一个，后加辅音音素开头的单词；the表示特指。根据“to be … engineer”可知，此处泛指一个工程师，并且engineer是元音音素开头。故选A。 10．句意：而且我会尽我最大的努力让我的城市变得更加智能。 me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。try one’s best to do表示“尽某人最大努力去做”，所以填形容词性物主代词。故选B。 My name is Kaspar and I’m a child-sized robot. I can open and close my mouth and eyes and I can 1 show several feelings, such as happiness, sadness and surprise. I was first made by scientists 2 2005. My job is to help children with autism (自闭症) understand feelings and language and know how 3 along with people. It 4 me twenty minutes once a week to talk and play with them. I often speak slowly to them, 5 they can better understand what I am saying. I like being touched by these children. However, if a child hurts 6 , I will hide my face in my hands and cry out, “Ouch! This hurts.” The child will then know it is wrong to hurt others. 7 clever robot I am! I really helped some autism children. I remember 8 eight-year-old girl in the primary school. She didn’t like to be touched by others last year. But she can hug everyone now and make some friends after playing with me for some time. She is 9 than before. As a robot for autism children, I hope 10 more helpful. I believe that scientists will make my wish come true in the future. 1．A．also B．either C．too 2．A．at B．in C．on 3．A．getting B．got C．to get 4．A．takes B．take C．took 5．A．so B．but C．or 6．A．me B．my C．I 7．A．What an B．What a C．How 8．A．an B．a C．the 9．A．happy B．happier C．happiest 10．A．become    ` B．becoming C．to become 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个名叫Kaspar的机器人，它被用于帮助自闭症儿童理解情感和语言，并学会如何与人相处。 1．句意：我还可以表达多种情感，比如高兴、悲伤和惊讶。 also也，通常用于肯定句中，放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后，实义动词之前；either也，用于否定句；too也，用于肯定句中，但通常放在句末，并用逗号隔开。空处所在句是肯定句，且位于情态动词之后，用also。故选A。 2．句意：我最初是由科学家在2005年制作的。 at用于具体时间点；in用于表示某一年；on用于某一天。2005年是某一年，用介词in。故选B。 3．句意：我的工作是帮助自闭症儿童理解情感和语言，知道如何与人相处。 getting动名词；got过去式；to get不定式。how to do sth“如何做某事”。故选C。 4．句意：每周一次，我花二十分钟和他们交谈和玩耍。 takes动词三单；take动词原形；took过去式。根据“once a week”可知，此处描述的是一般的行为习惯，需用一般现在时，主语是It，需用动词三单形式takes。故选A。 5．句意：我经常慢慢地对他们说话，这样他们能更好地理解我说的话。 so所以；but但是；or否则。此处表示前后因果关系，后句是结果，用so表示“因此”。故选A。 6．句意：然而，如果有孩子伤害我，我会把脸藏在手里并喊“哎呀！这很痛。” me宾格；my形容词性物主代词；I主格。空处位于动词hurts之后，应该用宾格来指代自己。故选A。 7．句意：我是多么聪明的机器人啊！ What an后面常跟单数以元音音素开头的名词；What a后面跟单数以辅音音素开头的名词；How常用于修饰形容词。中心词是名词robot，且clever是以辅音音素开头的单数名词，用What a。故选B。 8．句意：我记得有一个小学的八岁女孩。 an用于以元音开头的单数名词前；a用于辅音开头的单数名词前；the特指。空处泛指“一个小学的八岁女孩”，且eight以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故选A。 9．句意：她比以前更加快乐。 happy形容词原级；happier形容词比较级；happiest形容词最高级。根据“than before.”可知，空处需用比较级。故选B。 10．句意：作为一个自闭症儿童的机器人，我希望变得更加有用。 become动词原形；becoming现在分词；to become动词不定式。hope to do sth“希望做某事”。故选C。 There are a number of animals that glow (发光) in some way—including several kinds of insects (昆虫) and fish. Some kinds of mushrooms (蘑菇) glow, too. 1 most plants don’t glow. Now scientists are working to change that. Now, researchers at 2 Russian company, working with the scientists from 3 countries have come up with a new method of creating (创造) glowing plants. The plants 4 glow as long as they are alive. Though mushrooms and plants glow very 5 , the scientists focused on an acid (酸) that was found in both plants and mushrooms. They added certain parts of the DNA from glowing mushrooms to ordinary tobacco (烟草) plants. In this way, the scientists 6 able to create plants that could make their own luciferin (荧光素) using this acid. The glow came from all parts of the plants—leaves, roots, and flowers. The scientists reported that the green 7 was about 10 times brighter (更亮的) than the light in earlier glowing plants. The glow was strong enough 8 easily recorded with an ordinary (普通的) camera, and it wasn’t bad 9 the health of the plants. The researchers believe that glowing plants can help scientists learn more about the way plats work. But the researchers don’t think the plants will just be used for science. They think many people may want glowing plants for 10 beauty. The scientists have already shown that a few common flowers can be made to glow, such as roses. 1．A．And B．But C．So 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．another B．other C．the other 4．A．need B．must C．can 5．A．difference B．different C．differently 6．A．is B．are C．were 7．A．lights B．light C．lights’ 8．A．be B．being C．to be 9．A．in B．with C．for 10．A．theirs B．them C．their 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述科学家们研究出让植物发光的方法。 1．句意：但大多数植物不会发光。 And和；But但是；So因此。根据上文“There are a number of animals that glow (发光) in some way”及空后的“most plants don’t glow”的语境可知，此处句意发生了转折，B项符合。故选B。 2．句意：现在，一家俄罗斯公司的研究人员与其他国家的科学家合作，提出了一种创造发光植物的新方法。 a一个，不定冠词，泛指，用于辅音音素前；an一个，不定冠词，泛指，用于元音音素前；the这个，定冠词，表示特指。根据语境可知，此处表示泛指的含义，空后的“Russian”是以辅音音素开头的单词，用a。故选A。 3．句意：现在，一家俄罗斯公司的研究人员与其他国家的科学家合作，提出了一种创造)发光植物的新方法。 another三者或三者以上的另一个；other其他的，后常加名词复数；the other两者中的另一个。根据空后的“countries”为名词复数可知，此处用other。故选B。 4．句意：植物只要活着就可以发光。 need需要；must必须；can能够。根据“The plants…glow as long as they are alive.”的语境并结合选项可知，此处指植物只要活着就可以发光。故选C。 5．句意：尽管蘑菇和植物发出的光非常不同，但科学家们关注的是在植物和蘑菇中都发现的一种酸。 difference差异，名词；different不同的，形容词；differently不同地，副词。分析句子结构可知，此处用副词形式，作状语，修饰动词“glow”。故选C。 6．句意：通过这种方式，科学家们得以创造出能够利用这种酸制造自己的荧光素的植物。 is是，be动词的第三人称单数形式；are是，be的复数和第二人称单数现在时形式；were是，be的过去时复数和第二人称单数形式。根据上下文可知，此处指过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时。故选C。 7．句意：科学家们报告说，绿色的光比早期发光植物的光亮10倍左右。 lights电灯；light光；lights’灯的。根据语境可知，此处不表示所属关系；分析句子结构可知，此处为从句主语，谓语为“was”可知，此处用light。故选B。 8．句意：这种光很强，可以用普通相机轻易地记录下来，而且对植物的健康也没有什么坏处。 be是，动词原形；being是，be的现在分词；to be是，不定式形式。be+adj.+enough to do sth.“足够……做某事”，固定词组。故选C。 9．句意：这种光很强，可以用普通相机轻易地记录下来，而且对植物的健康也没有什么坏处。 in在……里面；with和；for为了。be bad for…“对……有害”，固定词组。故选C。 10．句意：他们认为很多人想要发光的植物是因为它们的美丽。 theirs它们的，名词性物主代词；them它们，人称代词宾格；their它们的，形容词性物主代词。根据空后的名词“beauty”可知，此处用形容词性物主代词。故选C。 Samuel Skotnikov, Changyoung Kim, and Eeshaan Prashanth are three high school students from Texas, America. Their good friend Aiden lost one of his legs in an accident and had to use 1 artificial leg. However, it was uncomfortable and difficult 2 . They noticed Aiden was having a hard time moving around with his artificial leg, 3 they decided to make him a better one. They 4 work right away. It took 5 several months to finish their design, NeuroFlex. What makes it special is that it is controlled by (由……控制) the user’s brain, instead 6 his body. The brain signals tell NeuroFlex how the user wants to move and then NeuroFlex’s motors (发动机) support the movement. And the best part is that, compared to other artificial legs on the market, NeuroFlex costs 7 . It only costs about $1,000 to make it, while other artificial legs are at a cost of about$100,000. Skotnikov, Kim and Prashanth attended an international science fair with their 8 , and they won third prize in the Gordon E. Moore Award. “I can’t find the words,” Skotnikov said after winning the award, “At first, we just wanted to help fix our 9 problem. Later we found that we could help more people with NeuroFlex. 10 helping leg! 1．A．a B．an C．/ 2．A．use B．using C．to use 3．A．so B．although C．because 4．A．begin B．began C．will begin 5．A．they B．their C．them 6．A．of B．for C．to 7．A．little B．less C．least 8．A．invent B．inventor C．invention 9．A．friend B．friends C．friend’s 10．A．What a B．What C．How 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了美国得克萨斯州有三名高中生——塞缪尔·斯科特尼科夫、张英金和伊尚·普拉尚特。他们的朋友艾登因事故失去一条腿，只能用假肢，可这假肢既不舒服又不好用。于是，三人决定为他做一个更好的假肢，展现了他们的友谊与创新精神。 1．句意：他们的好朋友艾登在一场事故中失去了一条腿，不得不使用一条假肢。 a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于元音音素开头的单词前；/表示不填。“artificial”是以元音音素开头的单词，此处表示“一条假肢”，为泛指，需用不定冠词an修饰。故选B。 2．句意：然而，它既不舒服，也很难使用。 use使用，动词原形；using动名词/现在分词；to use动词不定式。“be + 形容词 + to do sth”是固定句型，意为“做某事是……的”，此处需用动词不定式。故选C。 3．句意：他们注意到艾登戴着假肢走动很困难，所以他们决定为他做一个更好的。 so因此；although尽管；because因为。前半句“艾登走动困难”是后半句“决定做更好假肢”的原因，后半句是前半句的结果，需用so连接。故选A。   4．句意：他们立刻开始工作。 begin开始，动词原形；began过去式；will begin一般将来时。文章整体叙述的是过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，此处谓语动词需用过去式。故选B。   5．句意：他们花了几个月的时间完成了他们的设计——“NeuroFlex”。 they他（她它）们，主格；their他（她它）们的，形容词性物主代词；them他（她它）们，宾格。“It takes sb + 时间 + to do sth”是固定句型，意为“某人花时间做某事”，此处“sb”作动词takes的宾语，需用宾格them。故选C。 6．句意：它（NeuroFlex）的特别之处在于，它是由使用者的大脑控制的，而不是由身体控制。 of……的；for为了；to到、向。“instead of”是固定短语，意为“代替、而不是”，后接名词、代词或动名词。故选A。 7．句意：而且最棒的是，与市场上的其他假肢相比，“NeuroFlex”的成本更低。 little少的，原级；less更少的，比较级；least最少的，最高级。根据“compared to other artificial legs”可知，此处是将“NeuroFlex”与其他假肢的成本进行比较，需用比较级。故选B。 8．句意：斯科特尼科夫、金和普拉尚特带着他们的发明参加了一场国际科学博览会，并获得了戈登·E·摩尔奖三等奖。 invent动词，发明；inventor名词，发明家；invention名词，发明物。此处形容词性物主代词“their”后需接名词，结合语境，指的是“NeuroFlex”这个发明物。故选C。 9．句意：起初，我们只是想帮忙解决我们朋友的问题。 friend名词单数，朋友；friends名词复数，朋友们；friend’s名词所有格，朋友的。此处修饰名词“problem”，需用名词所有格表示所属关系，指“艾登这个朋友的问题”。故选C。 10．句意：多么有帮助的假肢啊！ What a后接可数名词单数；What后接可数名词复数或不可数名词；How后接形容词或副词。此处修饰可数名词单数“leg”，且“helping”是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用“What a”引导感叹句，结构为“What a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数！”。故选A。 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 The umbrella is a useful invention. It is a very common thing in 1 daily lives. It has a long history in China. There are many stories about the invention of the umbrella. 2 most popular one is about Lu Ban. One day, Lu Ban and his sister wanted to visit the West Lake, 3 it suddenly rained hard. The sister said, “It’s a pity that we can’t visit the West Lake on rainy days. Why not have a competition?” They decided 4 a way to solve the problem before sunrise tomorrow. Lu Ban thought it was easy. He said to himself, “I will build enough pavilions (亭子).” So he spent the whole night 5 ten pavilions around the lake. He thought he was sure to beat his sister. The next morning, when Lu Ban was talking proudly about his work, his sister 6 . She was holding something special in her hand. She opened it. It was round and made of silk and bamboo strips. It was light and beautiful. People could carry it 7 . Lu Ban was surprised and said, “You win. Your ‘pavilion’ is much 8 than mine.” That was the first umbrella. Later, paper with tung oil (桐油) was used instead 9 silk. The umbrella became common for people to use. 10 interesting the story was! 1．A．us B．our C．ours 2．A．A B．An C．The 3．A．because B．although C．but 4．A．to find B．finding C．find 5．A．build B．building C．to build 6．A．come B．comes C．came 7．A．easily B．easy C．easier 8．A．good B．well C．better 9．A．to B．of C．for 10．A．How B．What C．What a 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国雨伞的发明传说。 1．句意：它在我们的日常生活中是一件非常普通的东西。 us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据“It is a very common thing in...daily lives.”可知，形容词性物主代词修饰名词daily lives。故选B。 2．句意：最受欢迎的一个故事是关于鲁班的。 A不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；An不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；The定冠词，表示特指。根据“...most popular one is about Lu Ban.”可知，定冠词用于形容词最高级前。故选C。 3．句意：一天，鲁班和他的妹妹想去西湖游玩，但是突然下起了大雨。 because因为，表原因；although虽然，表让步；but但是，表转折。根据“One day, Lu Ban and his sister wanted to visit the West Lake...it suddenly rained hard.”可知，想去游玩和下雨为转折关系。故选C。 4．句意：他们决定在明天日出前想出一个解决这个问题的办法。 to find找出，动词不定式；finding找出，动名词/现在分词；find找出，动词原形。根据“They decided...a way to solve the problem before sunrise tomorrow.”可知，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，此处应用动词不定式。故选A。 5．句意：于是他花了一整晚的时间，在湖的周围建了十座亭子。 build建造，动词原形；building建造，动名词/现在分词；to build建造，动词不定式。根据“So he spent the whole night...ten pavilions around the lake. ”可知，spend some time (in) doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，此处应用动名词。故选B。 6．句意：第二天早上，当鲁班正骄傲地谈论他的作品时，他的妹妹来了。 come来，一般现在时态；comes来，一般现在时态，动词第三人称单数形式；came来，一般过去时态。根据“when Lu Ban was talking proudly about his work, his sister...”可知，从句用过去进行时，主句描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。故选C。 7．句意：人们可以轻松地携带它。 easily容易地，副词；easy容易的，形容词；easier更容易的，形容词比较级。根据“People could carry it...”可知，此处应用副词修饰动词carry。故选A。 8．句意：你的“亭子”比我的好得多。 good好的，形容词原级；well好地，副词原级；better好的，比较级。根据“than”可知，此处应用比较级。故选C。 9．句意：后来，人们用涂了桐油的纸代替了丝绸。 to朝，向；of属于；for为了。根据“paper with tung oil was used instead...silk.”可知，instead of“代替，而不是”。故选B。 10．句意：这个故事是多么有趣啊！ How多么，How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语；What多么，What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语；What a多么……的一个，What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语。根据“...interesting the story was!”可知，此处为How引导的感叹句。故选A。 进阶拓展训练5篇 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Albert Einstein once said, “I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious.” The 1 inventions in history would be impossible without curiosity. Curiosity can bring new discoveries. Benjamin Franklin is 2 great example. He was drawn to electricity and had a deep curiosity about its nature. He did lots of research to try to understand it. For example, he flew a kite 3 a storm. His curiosity led him to invent the lightning rod. Since then, this simple rod 4 thousands of buildings from lightning fires. Curiosity can also make people brave. Just look at Wan Hu, the Ming Dynasty pioneer of space exploration. He was so curious about space that he invented a “flying chair”! He lost 5 life while testing this invention. 6 he failed, his dream has given ideas to many modern rocket scientists. But curiosity is more than just taking risks. It also drives people toward certain 7 . Zhang Heng, a Chinese scientist and 8 , was curious about the world: how did everything in the world move? Night after night he was watching the stars while others 9 . Finally, he drew China’s first star map and invented the first earthquake detector. His curiosity continues 10 scientists today. As Jacques Cousteau said, “What is a scientist after all? It is a curious man looking through a keyhole, the keyhole of nature, trying to know what’s going on.” Curiosity is the key. It opens one door after another for us to discover a new world. 1．A．great B．greater C．greatest 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．at B．opposite C．during 4．A．saved B．has saved C．will save 5．A．his B．him C．he 6．A．But B．Although C．Because 7．A．goals B．goal’s C．goal 8．A．invent B．invention C．inventor 9．A．slept B．were sleeping C．sleep 10．A．influence B．to influence C．influencing 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文以爱因斯坦的话开篇，借富兰克林、万户、张衡的事例，说明好奇心是发明创造的关键，推动探索与进步。 1．句意：没有好奇心，历史上最伟大的发明就不可能存在。 great极好的，形容词；greater更好的，形容词的比较级；greatest最好的，形容词的最高级。根据“in history”可知，此处表示多者以上范围最突出的事，所以使用最高级。故选C。 2．句意：本杰明·富兰克林就是一个很好的例子。 a一个，用于辅音音素前；an一个，用于元音音素前；the这/那，定冠词。根据“Benjamin Franklin is...great example.”可知，本杰明·富兰克林就是“一个”很好的例子。great以辅音音素/ɡ/开头，所以使用a。故选A。 3．句意：他在暴风雨中放风筝。 at在(某处/时刻)；opposite在……对面；during在……期间。根据“he flew a kite...a storm.”可知，他“在”暴风雨“期间”放风筝。故选C。 4．句意：从那以后，这个简单的避雷针已经拯救了成千上万座建筑物免遭闪电引发的火灾。 saved拯救，过去式/过去分词；has saved已经拯救，现在完成时；will save将会拯救，一般将来时。根据“Since”可知，此处使用现在完成时。故选B。 5．句意：他在测试这项发明时失去了他的生命。 his他的，形容词性/名词性物主代词；him他，宾格；he他，主格。根据“He lost...life while testing this invention.”可知，他在测试这项发明时失去了“他的”生命。此处需使用形容词性物主代词his，修饰后面的名词life。故选A。 6．句意：尽管他失败了，但他的梦想为许多现代火箭科学家提供了思路。 But但是；Although尽管；Because因为。根据“...he failed, his dream has given ideas to many modern rocket scientists.”可知，“尽管”他失败了，但他的梦想为许多现代火箭科学家提供了思路。故选B。 7．句意：它也推动人们朝着特定的目标前进。 goals目标，名词复数；goal’s目标的，名词单数所有格；goal目标，名词单数。根据“It also drives people toward certain...”可知，它也推动人们朝着特定的“目标”前进。此处目标不止一个，所以使用复数goals。故选A。 8．句意：中国科学家兼发明家张衡对世界充满好奇：世界上的万物是如何运动的？ invent发明，动词；invention发明/发明物，名词；inventor发明家，名词。根据“Zhang Heng, a Chinese scientist and...”可知，张衡是一个中国科学家和“发明家”。故选C。 9．句意：一夜又一夜，当别人入睡时，他在观测星空。 slept睡觉，过去式/过去分词；were sleeping正在睡觉，过去进行时；sleep睡觉，动词原形/名词。根据“he was watching the stars while others...”可知，while引导时间状语从句时，常用来对比两个同时发生的过去动作，主句用过去进行时was/were+doing，从句也需用过去进行时。故选B。 10．句意：他的好奇心继续影响着今天的科学家。 influence影响，动词原形/名词；to influence去影响，动词不定式；influencing影响，现在分词/动名词。continue to do sth.表示“(从过去的行为)延续到现在产生新的影响”，此处指张衡的好奇心对现今科学家产生影响(并非同一动作的持续)，因此用动词不定式to influence。故选B。 An Explosive Invention China is famous for the “Four Great Inventions”. Among them, gunpowder has perhaps had the biggest influence on the world. However, few people know that 1 original purpose was not for war. In ancient China, many alchemists (炼丹术士) wanted to live forever. They tried 2 different natural substances to create a special medicine. During the Tang Dynasty, an accident happened. A mixture of sulfur (硫磺), charcoal (木炭), and saltpeter (硝石) suddenly caught fire and exploded. The alchemists were shocked. They realized 3 they had created a powerful new material. At first, gunpowder was used for entertainment. 4 firecrackers became a popular way to celebrate the Spring Festival. People believed the loud noise could scare away evil spirits. Later, the use of gunpowder changed. It 5 to make weapons like fire arrows and cannons in the Song Dynasty. The technology slowly spread to the Arab world and Europe along the Silk Road. 6 it arrived in the West, it completely changed the way wars were fought. Knights (骑士) and castles could no longer stop the power of cannons. There is an old book 7 Wujing Zongyao. It records the earliest written formulas for gunpowder. Today, we still enjoy fireworks displays on holidays. 8 beautiful the colorful lights look in the night sky! Gunpowder is a double-edged sword. It can bring joy, 9 it can also cause destruction. We should learn from history. People 10 love peace hope that such power will always be used wisely. 1．A．it B．it’s C．its 2．A．mix B．to mix C．mixes 3．A．what B．which C．that 4．A．Lighting B．Lighted C．Light 5．A．used B．has used C．was used 6．A．After B．Unless C．Before 7．A．calls B．calling C．called 8．A．What B．Why C．How 9．A．but B．so C．or 10．A．which B．who C．whom 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了火药的发明过程及其用途的演变。文章讲述了火药最初由古代炼丹术士意外发明，最初用于娱乐，后来被用于战争，并传播到西方，改变了战争方式。最后指出火药是一把双刃剑，应被明智地使用。 1．句意：然而，很少有人知道它的最初目的并不是用于战争。 it它；it’s它是；its它的。根据“original purpose”可知，空格后是名词 purpose，此处需要形容词性物主代词作定语，表示“火药的”目的。故选C。 2．句意：他们尝试混合不同的天然物质来制作一种特殊的药物。 mix动词原形；to mix动词不定式；mixes动词第三人称单数。根据“tried”可知，此处表示try to do sth.，是固定搭配，意为“试图/努力做某事”，此处表示他们试图混合物质。故选B。 3．句意：他们意识到他们创造了一种强大的新材料。 what什么；which哪一个；that引导宾语从句，无实义。空格后是完整的宾语从句 they had created a powerful new material，且从句中不缺成分，应用that引导。故选C。 4．句意：燃放鞭炮成为庆祝春节的一种流行方式。 Lighting 点燃，现在分词；Lighted点燃，过去式、过去分词；Light点燃，动词原形。根据“firecrackers ”可知，此处需要动名词作主语，表示“燃放鞭炮”这一行为，应用Lighting。故选A。 5．句意：在宋朝，它被用来制造火药箭和大炮等武器。 used使用，过去式；has used现在完成时；was used一般过去时的被动语态。主语It（gunpowder）是动作的承受者，且描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 6．句意：在它到达西方之后，它彻底改变了战争的方式。 After在……之后；Unless除非；Before在……之前。根据逻辑，火药先传到西方，然后改变战争方式，应用After引导时间状语从句。故选A。 7．句意：有一本古书叫《武经总要》。 calls称呼，动词三单；calling现在分词；called 被称作，过去分词。此处用过去分词called作后置定语，修饰book，表示“被称作……的书”。故选C。 8．句意：五颜六色的灯光在夜空中看起来多美啊！ What什么，引导感叹句，修饰名词；Why为什么；How引导感叹句，修饰形容词、副词。空格后beautiful是形容词，应用How引导感叹句，结构为How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！故选C。 9．句意：它能带来欢乐，但也能造成破坏。 but但是；so所以；or或者。根据“It can bring joy”和“it can also cause destruction”可知，前后句是转折关系，表示火药既有好的一面也有坏的一面，应用but。故选A。 10．句意：热爱和平的人们希望这种力量永远被明智地使用。 which引导定语从句，指物；who引导定语从句，指人；whom引导定语从句，指人（宾格）。先行词是People，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。故选B。 From Work wear to Fashion Open any wardrobe (衣橱) in the world, and you will likely find a pair of blue jeans. They are 1 trousers on Earth. But did you know that jeans were originally invented for hard work, not for fashion? In the 1850s, a man named Levi Strauss moved to California during the Gold Rush. He saw that gold miners needed strong trousers that 2 easily. Levi decided to make trousers out of denim (牛仔布), a tough fabric. He added copper rivets (铜铆钉) to make the pockets stronger 3 miners could carry heavy tools. By the 1950s, jeans 4 a symbol of rebellion (叛逆) for teenagers. Movie stars like James Dean  wore them in films. Suddenly, every young person wanted a pair. Schools even banned them at first! However, the trend was unstoppable. Jeans, which were once cheap work clothes, became a fashion item for everyone. Today, jeans come in all shapes and colors. Making a single pair of jeans, however, requires a lot of water and chemicals. This is bad for the environment. Some companies are now trying to make “green jeans” by using less water. 5 jeans is easy, but making them sustainable is hard. Jeans have traveled a long way from the gold mines. They prove that fashion 6 from the needs of daily life. No matter 7 styles change, jeans seem to last forever. They are comfortable, durable, and cool. It is hard to imagine a world 8 jeans do not exist. They are truly a legend 9 in blue. We should cherish this invention 10 changed the world. 1．A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular 2．A．wouldn’t tear B．would tear C．will tear 3．A．so that B．as if C．even though 4．A．become B．became C．had become 5．A．Worn B．Wearing C．Wear 6．A．comes B．come C．will come 7．A．what B．how C．when 8．A．which B．where C．that 9．A．paint B．painting C．painted 10．A．that B．who C．whom 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了牛仔裤从实用工装到全球时尚符号的演变历程，并探讨了其环保问题与文化意义。 1．句意：它们是地球上最流行的裤子。 popular流行的；more popular更流行的；the most popular最流行的。根据句中“on Earth”可知，表示范围，需要用形容词最高级来表达“最流行”的含义。故选C。 2．句意：他看到淘金工人需要不容易撕裂的结实裤子。 wouldn’t tear不会撕裂；would tear会撕裂；will tear将会撕裂。根据“In the 1850s, a man named Levi Strauss moved to California during the Gold Rush. He saw that gold miners needed strong trousers that… easily.”可知，本句是19世纪50年代的情况，且“不容易撕裂”是否定含义，因此用过去将来时的否定形式“wouldn’t tear”。故选A。 3．句意：他添加了铜铆钉来让口袋更结实，以便矿工可以携带沉重的工具。 so that以便，为了；as if好像；even though即使。根据“He added copper rivets to make the pockets stronger… miners could carry heavy tools.”可知，“让口袋更结实”的目的是“矿工可以携带沉重的工具”，so that 用于引导目的状语从句。故选A。 4．句意：到20世纪50年代，牛仔裤成为了青少年叛逆的象征。 become成为，原形；became成为，过去式；had become已经成为，过去完成时。根据“By the 1950s, jeans…a symbol of rebellion for teenagers.”可知，“By the 1950s”表示“过去的过去”，动作在过去某一时间之前已经完成，需要用过去完成时。故选C。 5．句意：穿牛仔裤很容易，但让它们变得可持续却很难。   Worn穿，过去分词；Wearing穿，动名词；Wear穿，原形。根据“… jeans is easy, but making them sustainable is hard.”可知，此处需要一个词作句子的主语，动词原形和过去分词不能作主语，动名词“Wearing”可以作主语。故选B。 6．句意：它们证明了时尚源自日常生活的需求。 comes源自，第三人称单数；come源自，原形；will come将会源自，将来时。根据“They prove that fashion… from the needs of daily life.”可知，句子表达的是一个客观真理，用一般现在时；主语“fashion”是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A。 7．句意：无论风格如何变化，牛仔裤似乎永远流行。 what什么；how如何，怎样；when何时。根据“No matter. … styles change, jeans seem to last forever.”可知，“No matter how”是固定搭配，意为“无论如何”，用于引导让步状语从句，修饰方式或程度。故选B。 8．句意：很难想象一个没有牛仔裤存在的世界。 which哪一个；where在那里；that那个。根据“It is hard to imagine a world… jeans do not exist.”可知，先行词是“a world”，表示地点，定语从句中需要用关系副词“where”来引导，在从句中作地点状语。故选B。 9．句意：它们确实是一个用蓝色描绘的传奇。   paint描绘，原形；painting描绘，动名词；painted描绘，过去分词。根据“They are truly a legend… in blue.”可知，“legend”和“paint”之间是被动关系（传奇是“被”蓝色描绘的），用过去分词作后置定语。故选C。 10．句意：我们应该珍惜这项改变了世界的发明。   that那个，可指物；who谁，指人；whom谁，指人，宾格。根据“We should cherish this invention… changed the world.”可知，先行词是“invention”，指物，且在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词“that”引导。故选A。 Making the Night Bright Before the late 19th century, when the sun went down, the world became dark. People relied on candles and gas lamps 1 . However, Thomas Edison, one of the greatest inventors in history, was determined to change this. He wanted to create an electric light that was safe and cheap enough for everyone. Edison did not invent the first light bulb, but he made the first practical one. 2 part was finding the right material for the filament (灯丝). He and his team tried thousands of different materials, from cotton to bamboo. They failed again and again. Yet, Edison didn’t give up. He said, “I haven’t failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways 3 won’t work.” Finally, in 1879, he succeeded. A bulb using a carbon filament burned for 13.5 hours. It was a huge success. Soon, his invention 4 to the public. The news spread quickly in newspapers around the world. People were 5 that a small glass ball could turn night into day. Edison’s success teaches us a lesson about persistence (坚持). Giving up was never an option for him. He believed that genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration (汗水). Today, 6 we turn on a light, we should thank the man who lit up the world. 7 we have LED lights now, the principle remains the same. The light bulb is 8 important an invention that we cannot imagine life without it. It allows us to work and 9 long after sunset. It is truly 10 symbol of human intelligence. 1．A．seen B．seeing C．to see 2．A．The hardest B．Harder C．Hard 3．A．when B．where C．that 4．A．introduced B．was introduced C．introduces 5．A．to amaze B．amazing C．amazed 6．A．whenever B．whatever C．however 7．A．Although B．Because C．If 8．A．such B．too C．so 9．A．played B．playing C．play 10．A．/ B．a C．an 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了爱迪生通过坚持不懈的努力发明了实用电灯泡，改变了人类夜间生活，并强调了坚持和智慧的重要性。 1．句意：人们依靠蜡烛和煤油灯来视物。 seen看见，过去分词；seeing看见，动名词或现在分词；to see看见，动词不定式。根据“relied on candles and gas lamps”可知，用蜡烛和煤油灯是为了看东西，此处用动词不定式表目的。故选C。 2．句意：最难的部分是找到合适的灯丝材料。 The hardest最难的；Harder更难的；Hard难的。根据“finding the right material for the filament (灯丝)”可知，找到合适的灯丝材料是其中最难的部分，用形容词的最高级。故选A。 3．句意：我只是找到了1万种行不通的方法。 when什么时候；where哪里；that那个。根据“ways…won’t work”可知，ways后接定语从句，用关系代词that指代先行词ways，并在从句中作主语。故选C。 4．句意：很快，他的发明被推广给民众。 introduced介绍，过去式或过去分词；was introduced被介绍，一般过去时的被动语态；introduces介绍，动词的三单形式。主语his invention与动词introduce存在被动关系，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 5．句意：人们惊讶于一个玻璃球能将夜晚变为白昼。 to amaze使惊讶，动词不定式；amazing令人诧异的；amazed感到讶异的。根据“People were”可知，此处指人们的感受，用形容词amazed作表语。故选C。 6．句意：今天，我们每次开灯的时候，都应该感谢那位点亮世界的人。 whenever无论何时；whatever无论什么；however如何怎样。根据“we turn on a light”可知，此处强调开灯的时候，用whenever引导时间状语从句。故选A。 7．句意：尽管我们现在有LED灯，但原理是相同的。 Although尽管；Because因为；If如果。根据“we have LED lights now, the principle remains the same”可知，此处表示转折关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故选A。 8．句意：灯泡是如此重要的发明，我们无法想象没有它的生活。 such如此，后接名词；too也；so如此，后接形容词或副词。根据“is…important an invention that”可知，此处应用so+形容词+that引导结果状语从句。故选C。 9．句意：它让我们能在日落后长时间工作和玩乐。 played玩乐，过去式或过去分词；playing玩乐，动名词或现在分词；play玩乐，动词原形。根据“to work and”可知，and连接两个动词原形。故选C。 10．句意：它确实是人类智慧的象征。 /不填；a一，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一，用于元音音素开头的单词前。a symbol of“……的象征”。故选B。 Last month, a major scientific discovery in artificial intelligence 1 the National Innovation Prize. The invention—an intelligent learning system—didn’t happen 2 accident. A research team worked hard for over five years before they finally succeeded. This system is designed to help students learn more efficiently. It can process 3 pieces of learning information and spread much knowledge in a more vivid and understandable way. For example, it uses virtual reality to 4 students to “travel” inside a cell or “walk” on Mars. Teachers can use it to make 5 easier to explain difficult concepts. What’s more, the system encourages students to learn by themselves. They can imagine 6 their own science projects or doing experiments in a simulated lab. It offers 7 every day—maybe a challenging maths game or an interesting historical story. 8 encouraging it is to see technology changing education! This system is even 9 than we thought. It hardly leaves any student behind—whether they learn fast 10 need more time. We’re living in a wonderful time full of creativity and discoveries. Maybe one day, you will also create something important that helps people around the world! 1．A．awarded B．is awarded C．was awarded 2．A．in B．by C．on 3．A．thousands of B．thousand of C．several thousands of 4．A．allow B．make C．let 5．A．that B．it C．this 6．A．design B．to design C．designing 7．A．something exciting B．exciting something C．anything exciting 8．A．What B．How C．What an 9．A．powerful B．more powerful C．much powerful 10．A．and B．so C．or 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了一项获得国家创新奖的人工智能学习系统的科学发现。该系统能帮助学生高效学习，通过虚拟现实等技术实现沉浸式教学，并鼓励学生自主学习。 1．句意：上个月，一项人工智能领域的重大科学发现被授予国家创新奖。 awarded过去式和过去分词；is awarded一般现在时的被动语态；was awarded一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Last month”可知，时态是一般过去时；主语“a major scientific discovery”是动词的承受者，应用被动语态，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 2．句意：这项发明 ——一个智能学习系统——并非偶然出现。 in在……里面；by通过；on在……上面。by accident意为“偶然地”，为固定搭配。故选B。 3．句意：它能处理成千上万条学习信息，并以更生动易懂的方式传播大量知识。 thousands of成千上万的；thousand of错误表达；several thousands of错误表达。当thousand与of连用时，需用复数形式，thousands of表示模糊概念，其前不能加several。故选A。 4．句意：例如，它使用虚拟现实让学生在细胞内“旅行”或在火星上“行走”。 allow允许；make使、让；let让。根据空格后的“students to ‘travel’”可知，此处应用allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”，而make和let后接sb. do sth.结构。故选A。 5．句意：老师们可以用它让讲解难懂的概念变得更容易。 that那个；it它；this这个。根据“Teachers can use it to make...easier to explain difficult concepts.”可知，空格处应选it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式to explain difficult concepts。故选B。 6．句意：他们可以想象设计自己的科学项目，或在模拟实验室里做实验。 design动词原形；to design动词不定式；designing现在分词和动名词。imagine doing sth.意为“想象做某事”，为固定搭配。故选C。 7．句意：它每天都会提供一些令人兴奋的内容——也许是一个有挑战性的数学游戏，或是一个有趣的历史故事。 something exciting令人兴奋的事情；exciting something错误表达；anything exciting任何令人兴奋的事情。something和anything都是复合不定代词，修饰成分需置于其后，所以选项B错误；something常用于肯定句，anything常用于否定句和疑问句，根据“It offers...every day”可知，这是一个肯定句，所以something exciting符合语境。故选A。 8．句意：看到科技改变教育，这是多么鼓舞人心啊！ What引导感叹句时，修饰名词；How引导感叹句时，修饰形容词和副词；What an引导感叹句时，修饰单数可数名词。根据空格后的“encouraging it is to see technology changing education!”可知，此感叹句的中心词是形容词encouraging，应用How引导此感叹句。故选B。 9．句意：这个系统甚至比我们想象的更强大。 powerful形容词原级；more powerful形容词比较级；much powerful错误表达（much通常不修饰形容词原级）。根据空格后的“than”可知，空格处应用比较级。故选B。 10．句意：它几乎不让任何一个学生掉队——无论他们学得快还是需要更多时间。 and和；so所以；or或、还是。whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”，为固定搭配，用于连接两种相反或不同的情况。故选C。 能力综合实践5篇 Many people are getting the COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗) these days. But some are afraid of needles (针). What if we don’t use them at all? Scientists around the world are working on new types of vaccines. They hope 1 people get vaccinated more easily. Chinese scientists Chen Wei and her team 2 a new vaccine recently. You can breathe it in through a mask or have it sprayed (喷洒) into your mouth. According to Chen, COVID-19 mainly infects us through the nose and throat. By breathing in the vaccine, people can get “mucosal immunity” (黏膜免疫). This can kill the virus in the nose and throat 3 it goes deeper into the body. It’s also a lot 4 than injecting a vaccine. It will help more 5 get vaccinated quickly. 6 piece of good news comes from Australia. Scientists at the University of Queensland have made a COVID-19 vaccine patch (贴片). “It’s 7 very simple one and even little kids can use it by themselves,” said researcher David Muller. All you need to do is to put the patch on your arm, leave it there 8 10 seconds and take it off. Then everything is done. According to the researchers, there are 5,000 tiny needles on the patch 9 as tiny as our hair. They are too small to cause any pain. Now researchers are testing the patch on humans, it could 10 within two years. 1．A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 2．A．have made B．made C．will make D．are making 3．A．until B．after C．before D．because 4．A．easy B．easier C．easily D．more easily 5．A．peoples B．people C．person D．person’s 6．A．Other B．The other C．Others D．Another 7．A．a B．an C．/ D．the 8．A．with B．of C．for D．at 9．A．that is B．what are C．who is D．which are 10．A．have used B．be using C．be used D．is used 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了世界各地的科学家正在研制新型疫苗。他们希望帮助人们更容易接种疫苗。 1．句意：他们希望帮助人们更容易接种疫苗。 help帮助，动词原形；to help动词不定式；helping动名词；helped过去式。这里是：hope to do sth.意为“希望去做某事”。故选B。 2．句意：中国科学家陈薇和她的团队最近研制了一种新疫苗。 have made已经制作，现在完成时；made制作，过去式；will make将会制作，一般将来时；are making正在制作，现在进行时。由recently及句子“You can breathe it in through a mask or have it sprayed (喷洒) into your mouth. According to Chen, COVID-19 mainly infects us through the nose and throat.”可知，这种新的疫苗已经研制完成，应该用现在完成时。故选A。 3．句意：这可以在病毒深入人体之前杀死鼻子和喉咙中的病毒。 until直到；after在……之后；before在……之前；because因为。根据“it goes deeper into the body.”可知，应该是在病毒深入人体之前杀死鼻子和喉咙中的病毒。故选C。 4．句意：这也比注射疫苗容易得多。 easy容易的，原级；easier更容易的，比较级；easily容易地，副词，原级；more easily更容易地，副词，比较级。根据“than injecting a vaccine”可知，这里用比较级；此处是作表语，因此用形容词的比较级。故选B。 5．句意：这将帮助更多的人快速接种疫苗。 peoples民族；people指的是广义上的世间的人；person往往指的是狭义上的，指个别的人；person’s名词所有格。根据“It will help more…get vaccinated quickly.”可知，这里指将帮助更多的人快速接种疫苗，因此用people。故选B。 6．句意：另一个好消息来自澳大利亚。 Other别的，其它的，后跟可数名词复数；The other指两者中的“另一个”，通常与 one搭配使用，构成one…the other（一个……另一个）；Others其他的，等同于other+可数名词复数；Another另一个，其后只能跟单数名词，指不确定数目中的“另一个”。由语境可知，此处表示的是不限定范围的另一个。故选D。 7．句意：研究人员戴维·穆勒说：“这是一个非常简单的方法，即使是小孩子也可以自己使用。”。 a通常用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an通常用于元音音素开头的单词前；/不用冠词；the定冠词，表示特指。此处表示泛指，very 是以辅音音素/v/开头的，用a修饰。故选A。 8．句意：你需要做的就是把贴片贴在手臂上，保持10秒钟，然后取下。 with具有；of属于；for表示一段时间；at在。根据空后的10 seconds可知，这里表示一段时间，因此用介词for。故选C。 9．句意：根据研究人员的说法，这个贴片上有5000根小针头，它们和我们的头发一样小。 that先行词是人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语；what不能用于引导定语从句；who先行词是人，在从句中做主语；which先行词是物，在从句中做主语或宾语。分析句子结构可知，这里是定语从句，先行词tiny needles是复数，指物，作主语，因此用that或which引导定语从句，此处的谓语用复数are。故选D。 10．句意：现在，研究人员正在人体上测试这种贴片，它可以在两年内使用。 have used已经使用；be using正在使用；be used被使用；is used被使用。分析句子结构可知，the patch与动词use之间是被动的，因此用被动语态；空前面是could，因此这里是含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构是：could+be+动词的过去分词。故选C。 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的语法要求， 各题所给的A、B、C 和 D项中选出最佳选项。 On the second Tuesday of October every year, people celebrate Ada Lovelace Day. But only a few people know who Ada Lovelacc is and what 1 famous for. When people think of the history of computers, they usually think of men 2 Bill Gates and Steve Jobs. 3 many historians believe the world’s first computer programmer was a woman: Ada Lovelace. Lovelace was born in 1815 and grew up in London, England. With 4 mathematician (数学家) mother Lovelace was good at maths and science when she was a young girl. In 1833, Lovelace met a mathematician named Charles Babbage. They became friends and often got together 5 about maths. At the time, Babbage 6 on the Analytical Engine (分析机). Lovelace was very 7 in it. In 1843, Lovelace helped write an article on the Analytical Engine. She wrote what   8 thought about it. One of her notes described a step-by-step calculation (计算) of how the Analytical Engine could work. Today, the Analytical Engine 9 to be the first model of the computer. And Lovelace’s calculation is considered to be the first 10 program. Ada Lovelace Day is a day to celebrate the achievements (成就) of women in science, technology engineering, and mathematics. And Ada Lovelace is a role model for young women around the world. 1．A．is she B．she is C．was she D．she was 2．A．like B．as C．with D．by 3．A．So B．Although C．And D．But 4．A．/ B．a C．an D．the 5．A．talk B．talked C．talking D．to talk 6．A．works B．was working C．worked D．has worked 7．A．interest B．interesting C．interested D．interestingly 8．A．she B．herself C．hers D．her 9．A．thinks B．thought C．is thought D．was thought 10．A．computer B．computers C．computer’s D．computers’ 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了第一个电脑程序设计师阿达·洛芙莱斯的事迹。 1．句意：但是仅仅有少数的人知道阿达·洛芙莱斯是谁以及她因为什么而出名。 is she她是，疑问句语序；she is她是，陈述句语序；was she她是，疑问句语序；she was她是，陈述句语序。根据“know who Ada Lovelacc is and...”可知此处和前一个句子并列作know“知道”的宾语从句，所以应用陈述句语序，时态同前一个句子一样用一般现在时。故选B。 2．句意：当人们想起计算机史时，他们通常会想起像比尔·盖茨和史蒂夫·乔布斯这样的男人。 like像；as作为；with用、和；by通过。根据“they usually think of men...Bill Gates and Steve Jobs.” 可知空后是在列举空前男人中的一些。故选A。 3．句意：但是，许多历史学家认为世界上第一个电脑程序设计师是一个女人：阿达·洛芙莱斯。 So所以；Although尽管；And并且；But但是。根据“many historians believe the world’s first computer programmer was a woman: Ada Lovelace.”可知与上文中的想到男人形成转折关系。故选D。 4．句意：因为有一个数学家妈妈，洛夫莱斯在她是一个小女孩时就擅长数学和科学。 /零冠词；a一，不定冠词；an一，不定冠词；the定冠词。根据语境，此处是说洛夫莱斯有一个数学家妈妈，空后单词辅音音素开头，故选B。 5．句意：他们成为朋友并经常聚到一起谈论数学。 talk谈论；talked过去式；talking现在分词；to talk不定式。根据“They became friends and often got together...”可知他们经常聚在一起，而这样做的目的是为了谈论数学。所以应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选D。 6．句意：在那时，巴贝奇正在从事有关分析机的工作。 works工作，动词的第三人称单数；was working过去进行时谓语结构；worked过去式；has worked现在完成时谓语结构。根据“At the time”可知应用过去进行时。故选B。 7．句意：洛夫莱斯对它是十分感兴趣的。 interest兴趣；interesting有趣的；interested感兴趣的；interestingly有趣的是。be interested in“对……感兴趣”，符合语境，故选C。 8．句意：她写了她对分析机的看法。 she她；herself她自己；hers她的；her她的。分析本句可知“ what...thought about it.”作write的宾语从句，所以空处应填宾语从句的主语，故选A。 9．句意：今天，分析机被认为是第一个电脑模型。 thinks认为，thought过去式；is thought被认为，一般现在时的被动语态；was thought被认为，一般过去时的被动语态。主语the Analytical Engine和谓语think之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。根据“Today”可知应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。 10．句意：洛夫莱斯的计算被认为是第一个电脑程序。 computer电脑；computers复数；computer’s名词所有格； computers’复数名词所有格。电脑程序中的“电脑”作定语，名词作定语通常用原形，故选A。 When we think of paper, we think of newspapers and books. But there are many other uses. Only half of the 1 paper is used for books and newspapers. Paper is very good for 2 you warm. You have perhaps seen homeless men sleep on a large number of newspapers. In Finland, it is sometimes -40°C in winter. The farmers 3 paper boots in the snow. Nothing could be 4 . Each year, more and more things are made of paper. We 5 paper cups and plates for a long time. But now we hear that chairs, tables, and even beds can 6 of paper. Besides paper boots and shoes, you can wear paper hats, paper 7 , and paper raincoats. When you have used them once, you may throw them away and buy new ones. The latest use of paper seems to be paper houses. These are not small houses for children 8 in, but real, big houses for people to live in. You can buy a house 9 three rooms for about 500 dollars. You can put it up by 10 in a few hours, and you can use it for about five years. 1．A．world B．worlds C．world’s 2．A．keeps B．keeping C．kept 3．A．wear B．wears C．wearing 4．A．warm B．warmer C．warmest 5．A．has had B．had C．have had 6．A．be made B．made C．make 7．A．dress B．dresses C．dressed 8．A．plays B．played C．to play 9．A．with B．have C．has 10．A．your B．yours C．yourself 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了纸的多种用途，而不仅仅是用于制作报纸和书籍。 1．句意：只有一半的世界纸张被用于书籍和报纸。 world世界，单数；worlds世界，复数；world’s世界的。world’s paper表示“世界的纸张”，这里需要用名词所有格形式来表示所属关系。故选C。 2．句意：纸张非常适合用来保暖。 keeps保持，三单形式；keeping动名词/现在分词；kept过去式。be good for doing sth.是固定搭配，表示“适合做某事”。故选B。 3．句意：农民们在雪地里穿纸靴。 wear穿，原形；wears三单形式；wearing动名词/现在分词。The farmers是复数主语，时态为一般现在时，所以动词用原形wear，表示“穿”。故选A。 4．句意：没有什么比这更暖和的了。 warm温暖的，原级；warmer比较级；warmest最高级。这里是在比较纸靴和其他保暖方式，所以需要用比较级warmer，表示“更暖和的”。故选B。 5．句意：我们使用纸杯和纸盘已经很久了。 has had现在完成时；had过去式；have had现在完成时。“for a long time”表示一段时间，所以这里需要用现在完成时，主语是复数we，结构为have had，表示“已经使用了”。故选C。 6．句意：但现在我们听说椅子、桌子，甚至床都可以用纸做。 be made被动语态；made过去式；make原形。be made of是固定搭配，表示“由……制成”。情态动词can后接动词原形，所以这里用be made。故选A。 7．句意：除了纸靴和纸鞋，你还可以穿纸帽子、纸裙子和纸雨衣。 dress裙子，原形；dresses复数形式；dressed过去式。and连接并列成分，前面是paper hats和paper raincoats，都是复数形式，所以这里也用复数形式dresses，表示“裙子”。故选B。 8．句意：这些不是给孩子们玩的小房子，而是供人们居住的真正的大房子。 plays三单形式；played过去式；to play不定式。for sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“供某人做某事”。所以这里用不定式to play，表示“供孩子们玩”。故选C。 9．句意：你可以用大约500美元买一栋有三个房间的房子。 with有；have有，原形；has有，have的三单形式。本句有动词buy“买”，因此需用介词with表示“带有，具有”，用来描述房子的特征，故选A。 10．句意：你可以自己在几个小时内把它搭起来，而且你可以使用它大约五年。 your你的，形容词性物主代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；yourself你自己。by oneself是固定搭配，表示“独自地，靠自己”。根据语境，这里是指“你自己”，所以用反身代词yourself。故选C。 I am a boy in South Korea. My English name is Tony. A month ago, a robot (机器人) named Mike 1 my new teacher. Mike teaches us English. It looks like 2 human. It can move around our classroom when it reads books and talks 3 us. However, Mike’s voice is not its own. It needs an English teacher to make it work. 4 the help of a special camera in the body of Mike, the English teacher can see us. Mike also has different ways of teaching so that we can learn 5 . Our robot teacher doesn’t need to have a rest 6 it never feels tired or gets ill. Also, it never gets angry with us. It is so interesting that everyone in my class likes Mike. Now most students in our class like spending more time 7 English. And most of us get 8 grades than before. I hope there will be 9 robot teachers in our school one day. Then our teachers can do 10 work at home! 1．A．is becoming B．will become C．becomes D．became 2．A．an B．a C．the D．/ 3．A．with B．about C．of D．in 4．A．In B．At C．On D．With 5．A．easy B．easiest C．easily D．easier 6．A．because B．when C．although D．if 7．A．learning B．to learn C．learn D．learnt 8．A．good B．better C．best D．the best 9．A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundreds of D．hundred of 10．A．they B．their C．theirs D．themselves 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者班级的新英语老师是一个机器人，它非常受学生的欢迎。 1．句意：一个月前，一个名叫迈克的机器人成为了我的新老师。 is becoming现在进行时；will become一般将来时；becomes一般现在时；became一般过去时。根据“A month ago”可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故选D。 2．句意：它看起来像一个人。 an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；/零冠词。根据“It looks like”和“human”可知，此处泛指一个人，且human是以辅音音素开头。故选B。 3．句意：它可以在读书和与我们说话的时候绕着教室移动。 with与……一起；about关于；of所属；in在……里。根据“talks... the students”可知，此处表示与学生说话，talk with sb.“与某人交谈”。故选A。 4．句意：在迈克身体里的特殊摄像头的帮助下，英语老师可以看到我们。 In在……里；At在；On在……上；With随着，带有。根据“... the help of a special camera in the body of Mike”可知，是有了Mike的帮助，with the help of“在某人的帮助下”。故选D。 5．句意：迈克也有不同的教学方法，所以我们可以轻松地学习。 easy容易的，形容词原级；easiest最容易的，形容词最高级；easily容易地，副词；easier更容易的，形容词比较级。根据“we can learn”及语境可知，此处应填副词修饰动词learn“学习”。故选C。 6．句意：我们的机器人老师不需要休息，因为它从不感到疲倦或生病。 because因为；when当……时候；although尽管；if如果。根据“Our robot teacher doesn’t need to have a rest”和“it never feels tired or gets ill”可知，前后句为因果关系，应用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 7．句意：现在我们班大多数学生都喜欢花更多的时间学习英语。 learning学习，动名词或现在分词；to learn动词不定式；learn动词原形；learnt动词过去式或过去分词。根据“spending more time”可知，此处考查spend time (in) doing sth“花费时间做某事”，应用learn的动名词形式。故选A。 8．句意：我们大多数人的成绩都比以前好。 good好的，形容词原形；better更好的，形容词比较级；best最好的，形容词最高级；the best最好的。根据“than before”可知，此处应用good的比较级形式better。故选B。 9．句意：我希望有一天我们学校会有几百个机器人老师。 hundred百；hundreds百，复数形式；hundreds of数以百计的；hundred of是错误表达。根据“robot teachers”可知，此处泛指数百个机器人老师，hundreds of表示“数以百计的”。故选C。 10．句意：然后我们的老师可以在家里做他们的工作！ they他们；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。根据“work”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”修饰名词work。故选B。 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Do you like listening to the radio? Now you don’t have to use 1 real radio. You can use an App on 2 mobile phone to listen to the radio. The App is called The Himalaya (喜马拉雅). The Himalaya is a popular App. Now lots of people 3 it. They say they can learn a lot 4 it. There 5 many different kinds of programs on the App, such as music and talk shows. And this App isn’t just a radio. You can find some audio (声音的) books on it, too. For example, you can find some famous books like Journey to the West by Wu Chengen. The Himalaya is also a useful tool (工具) for 6 . There are some English programs for students of different ages. Besides (此外) , there are some English speeches (演讲) given by famous people like Bill Gates and Steve Jobs. In addition (另外), if you 7 sleep well at night, you can find light music to listen to. It will help you fall asleep (入睡) 8 . 9 you feel tired, there are lots of jokes to make you relaxed. What else does the App have? 10 not download (下载) it? Then you will find more interesting programs on it. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself 3．A．will use B．using C．used D．are using 4．A．to B．from C．for D．about 5．A．am B．is C．are D．were 6．A．learn B．to learn C．learned D．learning 7．A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 8．A．quick B．quickly C．lucky D．luckily 9．A．Although B．If C．Until D．Unless 10．A．What B．When C．How D．Why 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了喜马拉雅APP。 1．句意：现在你不需要使用一个真正的收音机。 a不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；/零冠词。real radio为可数名词单数，且real是辅音音素开头的单词，前面用不定冠词a表示数量“一”。故选A。 2．句意：你可以使用你手机上的一个App来听收音机。 you你，你们，人称代词主格；your你的，你们的，形容词性物主代词；yours你的，你们的，名词性物主代词；yourself你自己，你们自己。横线后mobile phone为名词，前面用形容性物主代词，意为“你的手机”。故选B。 3．句意：现在越来越多的人正在使用它。 will use一般将来时；using现在分词；used过去分词；are using现在进行时。根据Now可知，此处用现在进行时，表示正在使用。故选D。 4．句意：他们说他们可以从上面学到很多。 to朝；from来自于；for为了；about关于。learn from...从……学到，为固定短语。故选B。 5．句意：在App上有许多不同的节目，比如说音乐和脱口秀。 am是，主语通常是第一人称；is是，主语是第三人称单数；are是，主语是复数；were是，一般过去式，主语是复数。根据后文“many different kinds of programs”可知，be动词用复数，且全文为一般现在时。故选C。 6．句意：喜马拉雅对于学习也是一个有用的工具。 learn学习，动词原形；to learn动词不定式；learned动词过去式；learning动名词。for为介词，后面用动名词作宾语。故选D。 7．句意：另外，如果你晚上睡得不好，你可以找一些轻音乐来听。 mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该。根据后文“you can find light music to listen to”可知，此处说的是不能入睡。故选C。 8．句意：它会帮助你很快入睡。 quick快的；quickly快地；lucky幸运的；luckily幸运地。根据前文“you can find light music to listen to”可知，此处是说轻音乐可以帮助你很快入睡，fall asleep为动词词组，要用副词来修饰。故选B。 9．句意：如果你感到疲倦，也有很多笑话来让你放松。 Although尽管；If如果；Until直到；Uncless除非。根据后文“there are lots of jokes to make you relaxed”可知，前面说的是假设条件。故选B。 10．句意：为什么不下载它呢？ What什么；When什么时候；How如何；Why为什么。Why not...?为什么不……？故选D。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $