Unit 2 课时2 C Reading（课件）英语新教材沪教版五四学制八年级下册

沪教版（五四）2024 英语 八年级 第二学期 C Reading Unit 2 Great inventions and discoveries 1. 能够掌握与科学发明有关的词汇，例如：through, bones, bacteria, mould, volunteeer, method 等，理解文本中三位不同的科学家，以及他们惠及全人类的药物发明。（学习理解） 2. 能够在三段平行的阅读语篇中准确获取信息，深入了解这三种发明对于世界和人类进步的不同积极影响，它们各自的突破转折点，还有三位科学家的科研精神。（应用实践） 3. 能够表达和讨论科学家可贵的精神，并理解发明创造的成功不仅需要好运气，更需要仔细观察，一丝不苟，不怕困难等重要的品质，并有意识地培养自己的科学家精神，在学习方面有所体现。（迁移创新） Objectives 教学目标： 通过本节课的学习，学生 C. Stories behind great discoveries What do you know about X-rays, penicillin and qinghaosu? X-rays can penetrate tissues and bones, used for medical imaging to diagnose diseases. Before we read Wang Yiming and Harry are reading pages of a book about stories behind great discoveries for their science project. What do you know about X-rays, penicillin and qinghaosu? Penicillin is an antibiotic that kills bacteria and treats infections Before we read Wang Yiming and Harry are reading pages of a book about stories behind great discoveries for their science project. What do you know about X-rays, penicillin and qinghaosu? Before we read Wang Yiming and Harry are reading pages of a book about stories behind great discoveries for their science project. Qinghaosu was discovered by Chinese scientist Tu Youyou in the 1970s. It is a drug used to treat malaria and has saved millions of lives. The German scientist Wilhelm Conrad Röentgen wanted to use tubes to do experiments on electricity. The tubes were covered in heavy black paper. He was surprised to see a green light coming from the tubes. And he was even more surprised when the light appeared on a screen beside him. /dʒɜːmən/ adj. 德国的 /tjuːbz/ n. 软管、试管 /ɪkˈsperɪmənts/ n. 实验、尝试 Read /skriːn/ n. 屏幕、荧光屏 How strange! He learned that the light can pass through objects. Röentgen knew he discovered something important. When he passed the light through his wife’s hand, something exciting happened. He could see the bones inside her hand! This was how Röentgen discovered X-rays in 1895. /θruː/ adv. 穿过、贯穿 /əbˈdʒekts/ n. 对象、目标、物品 /ˈhæpən/ v. 发生、出现、碰巧 Read /bəʊnz/ n. 骨 After many tests on humans, they were soon widely used in hospitals and Röentgen was awarded the Nobel Prize. /ˈwaɪdli/ adv. 广泛地、很大程度上 /əˈwɔːdɪd/ v. 授予、奖励 Read The British scientist, Sir Alexander Fleming, discovered penicillin by accident. In 1928, he went on a holiday but forgot to clean up his lab before he left. When he got back, he found some strange mould growing on some of his Petri dishes. To his surprise, the mould seemed to stop the bacteria around it from growing. With more research, he discovered penicillin. /brɪtɪʃ/ adj. 英国的 /læb/ n. 实验室 laboratory /məʊld/ n. 模具、风格、霉菌 Read /ˈpetri/ n. 培养皿 /bækˈtɪəriə/ n. 细菌 /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/ n. 研究、调查、探索 Later, other scientists turned penicillin into life-saving medicine. The discovery of penicillin changed the course of medicine and has made it possible for doctors to treat serious illnesses. What an amazing discovery! /ˈmedsn/ n. 医学、药水 /dɪˈskʌvəri/ n. 发现、发觉 /kɔːs/ n. 进程、道路、疗程 Read /triːt/ v. 处理、治疗、款待 /ˈsɪəriəs/ adj. 严重的、严峻的、有危险的 Around 1970, when a lot of people were getting sick with malaria, Tu Youyou was chosen to find a medicine. She read a large number of ancient Chinese medical books and discovered a treatment using a plant called qinghao. However, no matter how hard they tried, Tu and her team failed to get the active part from the plant. /məˈleəriə/ n. 疟疾 /medɪkl/ adj. 医疗的、疾病的 /triːtmənt/ n. 治疗、处理、加工 Read /ˈæktɪv/ adj. 积极的、起作用的 Tu took another closer look at the medical classics. Finally, one line lit up an idea for her — a low heat method! With this method, she and her team successfully got the active part and named it qinghaosu. Tu volunteered to test the medicine on herself before giving it to others. /ˈklæsɪks/ n. 经典、杰作 /lɪt/ v. 令人兴奋、点燃、照亮 light-lit-lit /ˈmeθəd/ n. 方法、措施 Read /sək'sesfəlɪ/ adv. 成功地 /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə/ v. 自愿做、无偿做 Later, qinghaosu became an important treatment for malaria and has saved millions of lives. Tu called the discovery “a gift from Traditional Chinese Medicine to the world”. /ˈmɪljən/ n. 百万、数以百万的 /trəˈdɪʃənl/ adj. 传统的、惯例的 Read How have the discoveries in the article changed the world? Answer the questions. General understanding X-rays (discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen) They revolutionized medical diagnosis by allowing doctors to see inside the human body without surgery. This led to widespread use in hospitals for detecting fractures, diseases, and other internal conditions, greatly improving healthcare outcomes. How have the discoveries in the article changed the world? Answer the questions. General understanding Penicillin (discovered by Alexander Fleming) It became the first widely used antibiotic, enabling doctors to treat bacterial infections that were once deadly. Penicillin changed the course of medicine, saved countless lives, and paved the way for the development of other antibiotics. How have the discoveries in the article changed the world? Answer the questions. General understanding Artemisinin (qinghaosu, discovered by Tu Youyou) This discovery provided an effective treatment for malaria, a serious global illness. It has saved millions of lives, especially in regions heavily affected by malaria, and was recognized as a major contribution of Traditional Chinese Medicine to the world. What was the turning point of the scientists’ discoveries? Detailed reading He was surprised to see a green light coming from the tubes. And he was even more surprised when the light appeared on a screen beside him. How strange! He learned that the light can pass through objects. Following signal words The turning point: _____________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ He saw a green light from the tubes passing through objects and appearing on a screen. What was the turning point of the scientists’ discoveries? Detailed reading When he got back, he found some strange mould growing on some of his Petri dishes. To his surprise, the mould seemed to stop the bacteria around it from growing. Following signal words The turning point: _____________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ He found some strange mould that could stop bacteria from growing. What was the turning point of the scientists’ discoveries? Detailed reading Tu took another closer look at the medical classics. Finally, one line lit up an idea for her — a low heat method! With this method, she and her team successfully got the active part and named it qinghaosu. Following signal words The turning point: _____________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ She used a low heat method to get the active part of the plant. 1. The discovery of X-rays and penicillin both resulted from unexpected findings. How does chance play a role in scientific discoveries? Chance plays a role in scientific discoveries by providing unexpected observations or outcomes during experiments, but it requires a prepared and observant mind to recognize their significance. For example, Röntgen noticed a strange green light from covered tubes and Fleming found mould that stopped bacteria growth—both accidental findings. However, without their curiosity and follow-up research, these chance events might not have led to the important discoveries of X-rays and penicillin. Further thinking 2. What important qualities in Tu Youyou helped her make the discovery of qinghaosu? Tu Youyou demonstrated several important qualities: perseverance in reading numerous ancient medical books, attention to detail when she noticed a key line about a low-heat method, and dedication to science by volunteering to test the medicine on herself first. Her ability to combine traditional knowledge with rigorous research and her selfless commitment were essential in discovering qinghaosu. Further thinking Which discovery impressed you most? Why? Personal touch The discovery that impressed me most is penicillin by Sir Alexander Fleming. Because it fundamentally changed how we treat infections and paved the way for modern antibiotics. The discovery that impressed me most is Tu Youyou’s extraction of qinghaosu (artemisinin) to treat malaria. Because it was the result of deliberate, determined research that bridged ancient wisdom and modern science. What led to the success of the discoveries in the article? Update my to-do list The success of the discoveries came from careful observation, curiosity, and further research. For example, Röntgen noticed a strange light and tested it to find X-rays. Fleming saw mould stopping bacteria and studied it to discover penicillin. Tu Youyou read ancient books, persisted, and found a new method to get qinghaosu. Harry is writing a diary. Complete his diary with the proper forms of the words and phrases in the box. One is extra. Vocabulary focus by accident discover turn ... into treat invent stop ... from Saturday, 15 April Sunny I read the stories about X-rays, penicillin and qinghaosu today for the science project. I was most amazed at the 1____________ of penicillin. It is a kind of medicine to 2_________ serious illnesses. One day, Sir Alexander Fleming left his lab without cleaning it up. When he got back from holiday, he found something 3__________ the bacteria _______ growing. It was penicillin! It was discovered 4____________ . Then some scientists 5_______ it _______ medicine and it is widely used in hospitals and has saved the lives of countless people. discovery treat stopped from by accident turn into 1. 基础作业：完成教材配套的练习册内容。 听录音，跟读课文。 2. 进阶作业：为文中三位伟大的科学家绘制英语的人物海报，特别突出他们的品质以及他们的发明，给世界和人类带来的积极影响。 3. 拓展作业：搜索关于其他在医疗方面的伟大发明的资料，适当用英语摘录，并分享。 Homework Lavf58.46.101 $