内容正文:
专题03 完形词汇
01 析·考点精解 2
02 构·知能框架 3
03 破·考点攻坚 4
考点一 核心动词 10
考点二 核心名词 13
考点三 核心形容词与副词 16
考点四 介词(短语)与逻辑连接词 21
01 析·考点精解
命题轨迹透视
近五年天津高考完形填空记叙文呈现 "主题聚焦、考点稳定、素养导向"的鲜明特征,紧密贴合高考“立德树人”的核心目标,通过真实、温暖的故事载体,考查学生的语言运用能力与核心素养。
2021 年第一次
主要讲述了Robbie Pruitt在自己的自行车被偷后,想出了给人免费修车的计划。他把这一计划发布到了网上,主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。他还想要一些没人要的自行车,他愿意再免费修理一次。然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。他还教授邻居的孩子们免费修车,得到了邻居的赞赏。
动词(4)、名词(8)、形容词(3)、副词(3)、介词(2)
人与社会
2021 年第二次
作者喜欢表演,哥哥喜欢冥想,二者性格爱好完全不同,关系紧张。在作者遭遇失败时,哥哥教给他冥想,作者从中悟出了做事的哲理,取得了成功。
动词(13)、名词(5)、形容词(4)、副词(1)、介词(2)
人与自我
2022 年第一次
作者因腿受伤住院,在医院结识了一位乐观的老人。老人虽自身患病,却不断鼓励作者积极面对困难,这对作者产生了深远影响,让作者在困难时期感受到温暖和力量。
动词(7)、名词(5)、形容词(3)、副词(1)
人与自我
2022 年第二次
作者六年级学习单簧管时遇到困难,在老师严厉批评后想要放弃。后来在妈妈的引导下,作者决定面对恐惧,在老师帮助下解决问题,克服了恐惧心理,明白了面对恐惧能让生活更轻松愉快。
动词(7)、名词(4)、形容词(3)、副词(1)、代词(1)
人与自我
2023 年第一次
作者在三十多岁时决定攀登乞力马扎罗山,在攀登过程中遇到了搬运工米克。米克身负重担却始终保持乐观积极的态度,他的态度对作者产生了巨大影响,让作者在面对生活中的困难时,会想起米克的微笑和积极态度。
动词(8)、名词(6)、形容词(3)、副词(1)
人与自然
2023 年第二次
在一个夏天的午夜,作者一家在机场遇到一名乘客突然晕倒。作者身为医生的父母立刻救助,发现乘客低血糖急需糖分,在大家焦急时,小男孩麦加拿出士力架救了乘客。麦加此前独自飞行且很紧张,他奶奶为他准备了糖果。这次经历让作者见证了善良的力量。
动词(8)、名词(7)、形容词(2)、副词(1)
人与社会
2024 年第一次
作者 23 岁求职失败,在另一次求职面试后得到经理反馈,意识到自己对工作缺乏热情。此后作者开始认真评估工作,明确求职动机,最终获得心仪的工作。多年后,作者作为面试官,也会给面试者反馈,鼓励自己的学员求职时寻求反馈,以避免犯错。
动词(7)、名词(8)、形容词(3)、副词(1)
人与自我
2024 年第二次
作者从四年级开始数学成绩不好,但努力跟上周围的同学。在十一年级学习最难的数学课时,遇到了迪娜老师。迪娜老师通过牛顿的名言激励学生,采用伙伴测试的教学方式,让作者明白学习的意义。虽然作者期末考试不及格,但老师的教导改变了作者面对挑战的态度,作者更加努力学习,迪娜老师对作者影响深远。
动词(7)、名词(6)、形容词(3)、副词(1)
人与自我
2025 年第一次
本文讲述钢琴调音师 Josiah Jackson 在机场发现一架破损的公共钢琴后,利用航班中转时间免费清理、调音,让钢琴恢复使用,相关视频在社交平台引发好评的故事,体现了他的公益精神与专业价值。
动词(11)、名词(5)、形容词(3)、副词(1)
人与社会
2025 年第二次
本文以作者自身的篮球选拔经历为线索,讲述了自己原本笃定能进入篮球俱乐部 A 队,却意外被分到 B 队后陷入消沉,后来通过看到另一支球队后卫乐观鼓励队友的举动,幡然醒悟,将这次 “失意” 转化为锻炼领导力的契机,最终实现个人成长的故事,点明了乐观心态是应对人生挫折、实现自我蜕变的关键这一核心主旨。
动词(7)、名词(6)、形容词(4)、副词(1)
人与自我
2026命题预测
主题严格围绕 人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大课标主题语境展开
考点分布:侧重动词名词,兼顾词类均衡
从考点词类分布来看,动词和名词是考查核心,合计占比超 70%,形容词、副词、介词等词类作为补充,体现了对“实词为主、虚词为辅”的考查原则,考查学生对核心语义的精准把握。
情节设计:遵循 “挫折—— 转变——成长”叙事逻辑
近五年记叙文均采用经典的“冲突出现 ——应对过程—— 积极转变”三段式叙事结构,通过设置挫折、困境等冲突,展现人物的心理变化和行为选择,最终传递积极向上的价值观。
02 构·知能框架
破·考点攻坚
在近几年天津高考中,在完形词汇维度主要会以语篇为命题情景,强化信息查找的能力和语境理解,重点考察以下五个维度。
1. 重实词,抓核心:优先掌握动词、名词的语义与搭配,二者合计占天津卷完形考点超 70%,重点记跨主题的通用高频词(如 realize, manage, courage, opportunity)。
2. 贴主题,记场景:结合人与自我 / 人与社会 / 人与自然三大主题,记忆对应场景的动词 / 名词,如人与社会记公益类(donate, volunteer, contribution),人与自我记挫折成长类(overcome, struggle, determination)。
3. 辨逻辑,记连接词:逻辑连接词是完形解题关键,尤其掌握however/therefore/while/unless的用法,天津卷反复考查这类易混逻辑词。
4. 记搭配,重应用:完形多考查词汇固定搭配,而非单独词义,重点记动词 + 介词、形容词 + 介词、名词 + 介词的固定搭配(如 apply for, be determined to, a sense of)。
5. 褒贬对比,贴合心理:形容词 / 副词多考查褒贬对比,对应人物 “挫折时的消极心理 - 转变后的积极心理”,记准褒贬语义是解题关键。
03 破·
(2025年天津3月考)
Josiah Jackson has played piano since age 4 and he started his piano-tuning (钢琴调音) career at 18.
Six months ago, he was on his way to Florida when he 16 a public piano at Chicago O’Hare International Airport. He played a few notes. It was the worst piano he’d ever played. He decided to come back some day to tune it 17 .
He recently got the 18 to put his plan into action. As his flight would stop in Chicago again, he 19 an eight-hour layover (中转停留). After 20 the airport to make sure the piano was still there, he arranged to mail his piano-tuning equipment to the airport.
Upon arriving, he found the piano in very 21 shape — dust was everywhere, and there was a gluey substance under the keys that 22 them from working. Jackson sat on the floor to 23 clean the 88 keys one by one. He 24 the reason why the piano was such a mess — it was next to a bar and people had spilled (洒落) drinks on the keys.
The cleaning was a big 25 . That left him with about 45 minutes before he’d have to 26 to catch his flight. So he did the fastest tuning. He then played a bit of “Pirates of the Caribbean”: the piece that inspired him to 27 the piano when he was younger. Even with a quick tuning, the piano sounded really good.
He 28 had time to admire his work, but he had achieved his goal: the 29 of the piano. It was again ready to be played by anyone with a few minutes to spare 30 flights. He left a 31 on the piano — “No drinks near piano, please!”
A video was posted on TikTok showing how he cleaned and tuned the piano, which has received more than 1,500 32 . “So glad the piano is 33 , Thank you for bringing a new life to the piano!” one person wrote.
“I’m 34 that people are playing the piano again,” Jackson told a news reporter, “Piano tuners are becoming more and more 35 , and I’m one of the few who could fix it. It was just a cool community thing to do.”
16.A.donated B.spotted C.tuned D.purchased
17.A.in vain B.with luck C.for free D.at random
18.A.message B.reward C.demand D.chance
19.A.scheduled B.revealed C.canceled D.delayed
20.A.promising B.contacting C.inspecting D.ordering
21.A.rough B.simple C.unique D.normal
22.A.rescued B.defended C.liberated D.prevented
23.A.casually B.effortlessly C.patiently D.briefly
24.A.figured out B.made up C.set aside D.turned down
25.A.fortune B.expectation C.challenge D.sacrifice
26.A.flee B.wander C.slide D.race
27.A.pull out B.take up C.give away D.bring back
28.A.barely B.definitely C.merely D.generally
29.A.contribution B.introduction C.transformation D.appreciation
30.A.behind B.between C.below D.beyond
31.A.report B.record C.bill D.sign
32.A.invitations B.awards C.comments D.offers
33.A.replaced B.restored C.evaluated D.explored
34.A.interested B.shocked C.puzzled D.thrilled
35.A.rare B.available C.modest D.generous
命题解读
新情境:聚焦 “小人物大情怀”,渗透价值观引领
本文以 “钢琴调音师无偿修复机场公共钢琴” 为线索,塑造了一个热心公益、服务社区的普通人形象,契合高考 “选材贴近生活,弘扬正能量” 的新情境命题趋势。题目通过具体场景(机场、社交媒体)展现人物行为与情感,引导学生关注身边的善意与责任,落实 “立德树人” 的教育方针。
新考法:强化 “语篇逻辑链”,弱化孤立知识考查
全文字数约 300 词,题目设置紧密围绕 “发现钢琴→计划修复→实施修复→成果反馈→主题升华” 的逻辑链条展开。85% 的题目需要通过上下文的动作、时间、情感、因果等多重线索推导答案,如第 17 题通过结尾的 “community thing” 反向推导 “for free”,第 28 题通过时间线索递进判断 “barely”。这种考法体现了高考 “从知识立意转向能力立意” 的核心趋势,重点考查学生的语篇整合与逻辑推理能力。
新角度:融入 “真实场景”,考查语言实际运用
题目大量融入真实生活场景,包括 “航班中转”“机场公共设施”“社交媒体互动” 等,考查词汇在具体场景中的精准运用,如 “scheduled a layover”(安排中转停留)、“between flights”(航班间隙)、“TikTok comments”(抖音评论)等。同时,注重 “熟词生义” 和 “固定搭配” 的语境化考查,如 “take up the piano”(开始学钢琴)、“race to catch a flight”(赶飞机),体现了高考 “语言运用能力” 的考查新角度,要求学生在真实语境中理解和使用语言。
词类考查严格贴合天津卷命题规律
本文 35 道题的词类分布与近五年天津卷完形“动词 / 名词为核心,形容词 / 副词为辅,实词为主、虚词为辅”的规律完全一致,具体分布:
1. 核心动词(含动词搭配):16/19/20/22/24/26/27/33 题(共 8 题,占比 22.8%)
· 以行为动词为主,均为 “人物在具体场景中的动作”(发现、联系、阻止、弄明白、赶时间、开始从事、修复),无生僻动词,均为词表中跨主题通用动词,符合 “考查核心语义的精准把握” 的命题要求。
2. 核心名词:18/25/29/31/32 题(共 5 题,占比 14.3%)
· 涵盖抽象概念名词(chance, challenge, transformation)和具象事物名词(sign, comment),抽象名词贴合 “行为动机、困难、结果”,具象名词贴合故事场景,与词表 “抽象 + 具象” 的名词分类完全匹配。
3. 形容词 / 副词:21/23/28/34/35 题(共 5 题,占比 14.3%)
· 形容词均为事物特征 / 人物心理类(rough, thrilled, rare),副词均为方式 / 程度类(patiently, barely),无生僻词,且形容词多考查褒贬对比 / 状态描述,副词多修饰核心动词,符合词表的形容词 / 副词考查逻辑。
4. 介词 / 介词短语 / 基础虚词:17/30 题(共 2 题,占比 5.7%)
· 均为固定搭配 / 基础场景介词(for free, between),无单独考查介词,均与语境结合,符合词表 “介词以固定搭配为主” 的特点。
总结:动词 + 名词合计考查 13 题,占比 37.1%,若加入动词搭配则占比超 40%,完全贴合天津卷 “动词 / 名词合计占比超 70%” 的核心考点规律,且所有考点词均为词表中高频核心词 / 搭配,无超纲词。
词汇使用高度贴合 “故事语境 + 叙事逻辑”
本文围绕 “钢琴调音师免费修复机场公共钢琴” 的公益故事展开,词汇选择严格贴合“发现问题 - 解决问题 - 完成目标 - 获得认可”的叙事逻辑,且与 “机场、钢琴调音、公益行为” 的具体场景高度绑定,体现天津卷完形 “词汇语境化,语义精准化” 的考查特点:
1. 场景化词汇绑定(机场 / 钢琴调音)
· 机场场景:spot, contact, layover, flight, race, between flights(均为词表中具象场景类词汇,贴合出行场景的动作 / 名词)
· 钢琴调音场景:piano-tuning, tune, equipment, keys, restore, transformation(均为词表中职业 / 事物修复类词汇,贴合调音工作的动作 / 名词)
2. 叙事逻辑词汇绑定(挫折 - 解决 - 成长)
· 挫折(问题出现):rough shape, prevent, challenge(词表挫折 / 困境类词汇,贴合 “钢琴状态糟糕、清理困难” 的情节)
· 解决(人物行为):contact, patiently, figure out, clean, tune, race(词表行为动词 / 方式副词,贴合 “主人公解决问题的一系列动作”)
· 结果(目标达成 + 认可):transformation, restore, thrilled, comments, community(词表成长 / 成就类 + 人际 / 社会类词汇,贴合 “钢琴修复、主人公获得网友认可、体现公益价值” 的结尾)
3. 公益行为的词汇情感倾向
· 全程使用褒义 / 中性词汇体现主人公的公益品质:for free, patiently, achieve his goal, restore, thrilled, community(词表积极心理 / 公益行为类词汇),无消极词汇,贴合天津卷 “立德树人、传递积极价值观” 的命题核心。
核心备考启示(从词汇角度)
1. 紧抓高频词表核心,优先掌握 “动词 + 名词 + 固定搭配”:本文所有考点词均出自高频词表,且动词搭配(figure out, take up, prevent...from...)、介词短语(for free)为解题关键,需熟练掌握词表中固定搭配的语义和用法,而非单独记单词。
2. 强化 “词汇 + 场景” 的绑定记忆:天津卷完形词汇均为语境化词汇,需将词表词汇按 “机场 / 医院 / 校园 / 公益” 等天津卷常考场景分类记忆,如本文中 “机场场景” 的spot, layover, race to catch flight均为场景化高频搭配。
3. 关注 “熟词生义 / 词汇活用”:完形常考熟词生义,如本文race表 “赶时间”、rough表 “事物状态差”,均为词表中基础词汇的活用,需掌握词表中高频词的多义性和经典搭配。
4. 贴合叙事逻辑记词汇:天津卷完形均为 “挫折 - 转变 - 成长” 的记叙文,需将词表词汇按 “挫折类 / 行为类 / 结果类 / 心理类” 绑定叙事逻辑记忆,如 “挫折类”challenge, rough, difficulty常与 “行为类”figure out, overcome, solve搭配出现。
攻坚
考点一 核心动词
(一)人与自我(挫折应对、自我成长、心理突破)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
abandon
/əˈbændən/
遗弃,放弃
完形常考 “放弃想法 / 目标” 语境
achieve
/əˈtʃiːv/
完成,达到,实现
后接 goal/aim/dream,成长类情节高频
accomplish
/əˈkʌmplɪʃ/
完成
侧重 “完成任务 / 目标”,正式语体
admit
/ədˈmɪt/
承认
常考 admit (to) doing sth,认错 / 承认事实
apply
/əˈplaɪ/
申请,应用
apply for(申请)/apply to(应用)为固定搭配
appreciate
/əˈpriːʃieɪt/
欣赏,理解,感激
后接名词 /doing,表 “感激” 时完形高频
attempt
/əˈtempt/
试图,尝试
attempt to do sth,侧重 “尝试做某事(未必成功)”
calm
/kɑːm/
(使)平静
calm down 为完形必考搭配,表 “平复情绪”
concentrate
/ˈkɒnsntreɪt/
集中(注意力)
concentrate on 为固定搭配,学习 / 做事语境高频
convince
/kənˈvɪns/
使信服
convince sb of sth/that 从句,说服语境
determine
/dɪˈtɜːmɪn/
决定
be determined to do 表 “下定决心”,心理转变核心
discover
/dɪˈskʌvə(r)/
发现
侧重 “发现未知事物 / 自身潜力”
encourage
/ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/
鼓励
encourage sb to do sth,他人激励情节高频
escape
/ɪˈskeɪp/
逃离,逃避
escape from...,逃离困境 / 负面情绪
explore
/ɪkˈsplɔː(r)/
探索
探索自我 / 未知领域,成长类语境
face
/feɪs/
面对
face difficulties,直面挫折情节必考
fight
/faɪt/
战斗,抗争
fight against/for,与困难 / 目标抗争
focus
/ˈfəʊkəs/
聚焦
focus on 为固定搭配,与 concentrate on 同义替换
hesitate
/ˈhezɪteɪt/
犹豫
hesitate to do sth,挫折时的心理动作
improve
/ɪmˈpruːv/
改善,增进
improve oneself/skills,自我提升语境
inspire
/ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/
激励,鼓舞,启发
inspire sb to do sth,他人 / 事物带来的启发
intend
/ɪnˈtend/
打算,计划
intend to do sth,表 “原本的想法”,常与转折搭配
manage
/ˈmænɪdʒ/
设法(做成),管理
manage to do sth,侧重 “克服困难做成”,完形高频
motivate
/ˈməʊtɪveɪt/
激励,激发
表 “内在 / 外在激励”,与 inspire 近义
overcome
/ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/
克服
overcome difficulties/fear,挫折突破核心词
persist
/pəˈsɪst/
坚持
persist in doing sth,坚持做某事
pursue
/pəˈsjuː/
追求
pursue dreams/interest,追求目标 / 兴趣
realize
/ˈriːəlaɪz/
意识到,实现
表 “突然意识到” 时,心理转变高频
recover
/rɪˈkʌvə(r)/
康复,恢复
recover from illness/sadness,从困境 / 伤病中恢复
reflect
/rɪˈflekt/
反思,反映
reflect on sth,自我反思情节
regret
/rɪˈgret/
遗憾,后悔
regret doing sth,表 “后悔的行为”
resist
/rɪˈzɪst/
抵抗,忍住
resist doing sth,抵制诱惑 / 负面情绪
resolve
/rɪˈzɒlv/
决心,解决
resolve to do sth=be determined to do
struggle
/ˈstrʌɡl/
奋斗,挣扎
struggle with sth/to do sth,困境中努力,完形高频
tolerate
/ˈtɒləreɪt/
容忍,忍受
tolerate difficulties/others,忍受挫折 / 他人
value
/ˈvæljuː/
重视,珍视
value time/friendship,表 “珍惜”
witness
/ˈwɪtnəs/
见证,目睹
表 “见证成长 / 变化”,结尾感悟高频
(二)人与社会(人际互动、公益行为、社会协作)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
accompany
/əˈkʌmpəni/
陪伴
accompany sb to sp,陪伴某人去某地
assist
/əˈsɪst/
协助,帮助
assist sb with sth,正式的 “帮助”,比 help 书面
associate
/əˈsəʊʃieɪt/
联系,关联
associate...with...,把…… 和…… 联系起来
apologize
/əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/
道歉
apologize to sb for sth,人际矛盾修复语境
attract
/əˈtrækt/
吸引
attract one's attention,吸引注意力
bless
/bles/
祝福
表 “他人的美好祝愿”,人际温暖语境
care
/keə(r)/
关心,照顾
care for sb=look after sb,照顾他人高频
cheer
/tʃɪə(r)/
欢呼,鼓励
cheer for/on sb,为他人加油,协作语境
cooperate
/kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/
合作
cooperate with sb,团队协作核心词
donate
/dəʊˈneɪt/
捐赠,捐献
donate sth to sb/charity,公益行为高频
forgive
/fəˈɡɪv/
原谅
forgive sb for sth,人际和解语境
greet
/ɡriːt/
打招呼,问候
日常人际互动基础词
help
/help/
帮助
help sb (to) do sth/with sth,最基础的帮助表达
invite
/ɪnˈvaɪt/
邀请
invite sb to do sth/to sp,社交语境
join
/dʒɔɪn/
加入,参加
join in sth/join sb,加入团体 / 他人
negotiate
/nɪˈɡəʊʃieɪt/
协商,谈判
negotiate with sb about sth,人际协商语境
offer
/ˈɒfə(r)/
提供,主动提出
offer to do sth,主动帮忙,完形高频
participate
/pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt/
参加
participate in sth,正式的 “参加”,比 take part in 书面
persuade
/pəˈsweɪd/
劝说,说服
persuade sb to do sth,成功说服,与 try to persuade 区分
praise
/preɪz/
赞扬,赞美
praise sb for sth,肯定他人行为 / 品质
provide
/prəˈvaɪd/
提供
provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb,固定搭配
recommend
/ˌrekəˈmend/
推荐
recommend sb to do sth/sth,推荐建议语境
rescue
/ˈreskjuː/
解救,营救
rescue sb from danger,救助他人语境
respect
/rɪˈspekt/
尊重
respect sb for sth,人际相处核心词
respond
/rɪˈspɒnd/
回应,作出反应
respond to sb/sth,对他人 / 事物的回应
serve
/sɜːv/
服务,招待
serve others/the community,服务他人 / 社会
share
/ʃeə(r)/
分享,分担
share sth with sb,分享快乐 / 分担困难
support
/səˈpɔːt/
支持,支撑
support sb/sth,精神 / 物质支持,人际高频
thank
/θæŋk/
感谢
thank sb for sth,基础人际表达
treat
/triːt/
对待,治疗
treat sb well/badly,对待他人;treat an illness,治疗疾病
(三)人与自然(探索自然、应对自然挑战)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
adapt
/əˈdæpt/
适应,改编
adapt to sth,适应自然环境 / 变化
climb
/klaɪm/
攀登,攀爬
climb mountains/hills,探索自然高频动作
discover
/dɪˈskʌvə(r)/
发现
发现自然新事物 / 规律,与自我类复用
explore
/ɪkˈsplɔː(r)/
探索
explore nature/the wild,探索自然领域
flee
/fliː/
逃跑,逃离
flee from natural disasters,逃离自然灾害
observe
/əbˈzɜːv/
观察,遵守
observe nature/animals,观察自然 / 动物
protect
/prəˈtekt/
保护
protect nature/wildlife,保护自然核心词
preserve
/prɪˈzɜːv/
保护,保存
侧重 “保护自然原貌 / 资源”,比 protect 正式
survive
/səˈvaɪv/
幸存,存活
survive natural disasters,从自然灾害中幸存
wander
/ˈwɒndə(r)/
漫步,徘徊
wander in nature,在自然中漫步
(四)完形通用高频动词搭配
英文搭配
音标
中文
使用备注
break down
/breɪk daʊn/
出故障,垮掉,分解
机器 / 身体 / 情绪垮掉,完形高频多义搭配
break away from
/breɪk əˈweɪ frəm/
脱离,摆脱
摆脱困境 / 不好的状态
come across
/kʌm əˈkrɒs/
偶遇,无意中发现
偶遇人 / 事 / 物,叙事类完形高频
come up with
/kʌm ʌp wɪð/
提出,想出
come up with a plan/idea,想出办法,解决问题高频
get over
/ɡet ˈəʊvə(r)/
克服,恢复
get over difficulties/illness,与 overcome 近义
get through
/ɡet θruː/
度过,通过,接通
get through the hard time,度过艰难时期,完形高频
get rid of
/ɡet rɪd ɒv/
去除,摆脱
摆脱坏习惯 / 负面情绪
give away
/ɡɪv əˈweɪ/
赠送,泄露
赠送物品(公益)/ 泄露秘密
give up
/ɡɪv ʌp/
放弃
give up doing sth,放弃想法 / 行为,与 abandon 近义
hold back
/həʊld bæk/
抑制,隐瞒,退缩
hold back tears/feelings,抑制情绪,心理动作高频
make up
/meɪk ʌp/
组成,编造,弥补,化妆
完形多义搭配,常考 “弥补过错 / 编造理由”
put off
/pʊt ɒf/
推迟
put off doing sth,推迟计划 / 事情
put up
/pʊt ʌp/
张贴,搭建,提供住宿
张贴通知 / 搭建帐篷,场景化搭配
take up
/teɪk ʌp/
开始从事,占据
take up a hobby/job,开始做某事,成长 / 职业语境
take off
/teɪk ɒf/
起飞,脱下,事业腾飞
飞机起飞 / 脱下衣服 / 事业起步,多义搭配
figure out
/ˈfɪɡə aʊt/
弄明白,计算出,想出
figure out a problem/plan,弄清楚问题,解决问题高频
focus on
/ˈfəʊkəs ɒn/
集中注意力于
与 concentrate on 同义,完形高频替换
insist on
/ɪnˈsɪst ɒn/
坚持
insist on doing sth,坚持自己的想法 / 做法
stick to
/stɪk tuː/
坚持,固守
stick to a plan/promise,坚持计划 / 承诺,与 insist on 近义
work out
/wɜːk aʊt/
解决,算出,锻炼
work out a problem,解决问题;work out at the gym,锻炼
考点二 核心名词
(一)抽象情感 / 品质(立德树人与心理转变核心)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
ability
/əˈbɪləti/
能力
core ability/practical ability,核心 / 实用能力
courage
/ˈkʌrɪdʒ/
勇气
have the courage to do sth,面对挫折的核心品质,完形高频
confidence
/ˈkɒnfɪdəns/
自信
have confidence in sb/sth,self-confidence(自信),心理转变核心
determination
/dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃn/
决心
with determination,表 “带着决心”,与 determined 对应
enthusiasm
/ɪnˈθjuːziæzəm/
热情,热忱
enthusiasm for sth,对某事的热情,褒义品质
faith
/feɪθ/
信仰,信心
have faith in sb/sth,对…… 有信心
hope
/həʊp/
希望
hold hope,抱有希望,困境中高频
patience
/ˈpeɪʃns/
耐心
have patience with sb/sth,做事 / 待人的品质
pride
/praɪd/
骄傲,自豪
take pride in sth=be proud of sth,成就感高频
respect
/rɪˈspekt/
尊重
show respect for sb,对他人的尊重,人际品质
self-worth
/ˌself ˈwɜːθ/
自我价值,自尊
realize one's self-worth,实现自我价值,成长类高频
strength
/streŋθ/
力量,长处
inner strength(内心力量)/strengths and weaknesses,完形高频
wisdom
/ˈwɪzdəm/
智慧,才智
life wisdom,人生智慧,结尾感悟高频
ambition
/æmˈbɪʃn/
抱负,雄心
have ambition to do sth,有抱负做某事
curiosity
/ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/
好奇心
curiosity about sth,对某事的好奇心,探索类语境
passion
/ˈpæʃn/
热情,酷爱
passion for sth,与 enthusiasm 近义,情感更强烈
optimism
/ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/
乐观
optimism about life,对生活的乐观,完形高频褒义品质
perseverance
/ˌpɜːsəˈvɪərəns/
毅力,坚韧
with perseverance,带着毅力,克服困难的品质
(二)挫折 / 困境(叙事 “冲突” 环节高频)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
hardship
/ˈhɑːdʃɪp/
艰苦,贫困
suffer hardships,遭受苦难,困境语境
crisis
/ˈkraɪsɪs/
危机,紧要关头
in crisis,处于危机中,突发困境高频
difficulty
/ˈdɪfɪkəlti/
困难
in difficulty/meet with difficulties,遇到困难,完形高频
failure
/ˈfeɪljə(r)/
失败
experience failure,经历失败,挫折核心词
loss
/lɒs/
损失,失去
suffer a loss,遭受损失,失去某物 / 人
pressure
/ˈpreʃə(r)/
压力
under pressure,处于压力中,学习 / 生活困境高频
stress
/stres/
压力,紧张
stress from study/work,学习 / 工作压力,与 pressure 近义
trouble
/ˈtrʌbl/
麻烦,困境
in trouble/get into trouble,陷入麻烦,基础困境表达
challenge
/ˈtʃælɪndʒ/
挑战
face a challenge/meet challenges,面对挑战,完形高频
barrier
/ˈbæriə(r)/
障碍,屏障
break down barriers,打破障碍,克服困难语境
obstacle
/ˈɒbstəkl/
障碍,阻碍
overcome obstacles,与 barrier 近义,正式语体
frustration
/frʌˈstreɪʃn/
挫折,沮丧
feel frustration,感到沮丧,心理挫折高频
depression
/dɪˈpreʃn/
抑郁,沮丧
fall into depression,陷入沮丧,深度负面情绪
(三)成长 / 成就(叙事 “成长” 环节高频)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
achievement
/əˈtʃiːvmənt/
成就,成绩
make achievements,取得成就,成长结果高频
accomplishment
/əˈkʌmplɪʃmənt/
成就,完成
a sense of accomplishment,成就感,完形高频搭配
progress
/ˈprəʊɡres/
进步
make progress,取得进步,学习 / 成长高频表达
success
/səkˈses/
成功
achieve success/be a success,取得成功,成长最终结果
victory
/ˈvɪktəri/
胜利,成功
win a victory,赢得胜利,比 success 更侧重 “对抗性成功”
breakthrough
/ˈbreɪkθruː/
突破
make a breakthrough,取得突破,自我突破语境
improvement
/ɪmˈpruːvmənt/
改善,进步
a modest improvement,些许进步,完形真题原搭配
contribution
/ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn/
贡献
make a contribution to sth,为…… 做贡献,社会价值语境
(四)人际 / 社会(人与社会主题核心)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
agreement
/əˈɡriːmənt/
协议,同意
reach an agreement,达成协议,协商语境
community
/kəˈmjuːnəti/
社区,团体
the community/a community of people,社区 / 人群团体
companionship
/kəmˈpæniənʃɪp/
友谊,陪伴
the joy of companionship,陪伴的快乐,人际温暖语境
cooperation
/kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/
合作
in cooperation with sb,与某人合作,团队语境
friendship
/ˈfrendʃɪp/
友谊
build friendship,建立友谊,人际核心名词
relationship
/rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/
关系
a tense relationship/good relationship,关系紧张 / 良好,完形高频
team
/tiːm/
团队
a team player,团队合作者,协作语境
partner
/ˈpɑːtnə(r)/
伙伴,合伙人
a study partner/work partner,学习 / 工作伙伴,真题高频
volunteer
/ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/
志愿者
a volunteer/work as a volunteer,志愿者,公益语境
donation
/dəʊˈneɪʃn/
捐赠,捐献
make a donation,进行捐赠,与 donate 对应
(五)具象事物 / 场景(贴合故事背景,天津卷常考)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
airport
/ˈeəpɔːt/
机场
at the airport,在机场,真题多次出现的场景
hospital
/ˈhɒspɪtl/
医院
in hospital/at the hospital,生病 / 就医场景,完形高频
mountain
/ˈmaʊntən/
山
climb mountains,登山场景,人与自然主题
piano
/piˈænəʊ/
钢琴
play the piano/tune the piano,钢琴相关场景,2025 真题考点
bike
/baɪk/
自行车
fix the bike/ride a bike,自行车相关场景,2021 真题考点
classroom
/ˈklɑːsruːm/
教室
in the classroom,教室场景,学习类语境
office
/ˈɒfɪs/
办公室
in the office,办公室场景,求职 / 工作语境
journey
/ˈdʒɜːni/
旅行,旅程
a hard journey,艰难的旅程,叙事类完形高频
trip
/trɪp/
旅行
a school trip/mountain trip,短途旅行,与 journey 近义
flight
/flaɪt/
航班,飞行
take a flight/a delayed flight,乘坐航班 / 延误的航班
accident
/ˈæksɪdənt/
事故,意外
a traffic accident/by accident,交通事故 / 偶然,突发场景
emergency
/ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/
紧急情况
in an emergency,处于紧急情况,真题高频场景
scene
/siːn/
现场,场景
at the scene,在现场,突发情况高频搭配
spot
/spɒt/
地点,斑点
on the spot,在现场,与 at the scene 同义替换
backpack
/ˈbækpæk/
背包
a backpack/carry a backpack,背包,出行场景
wallet
/ˈwɒlɪt/
钱包
lose a wallet/find a wallet,丢 / 捡钱包,突发小事场景
station
/ˈsteɪʃn/
车站
a train station/bus station,车站,出行场景
platform
/ˈplætfɔːm/
站台,平台
on the platform,在站台上,车站场景细节
(六)通用高频名词(跨主题必考)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
chance
/tʃɑːns/
机会
have a chance/take a chance,有机会 / 冒险,完形高频
opportunity
/ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/
机会
an opportunity to do sth,正式的 “机会”,与 chance 近义替换
choice
/tʃɔɪs/
选择
make a choice/have no choice but to do,做选择 / 别无选择,决策语境
decision
/dɪˈsɪʒn/
决定
make a decision/take a decision,做决定,与 choice 近义
method
/ˈmeθəd/
方法
a good method/a method of doing sth,方法,解决问题语境
way
/weɪ/
方法,道路
a way to do/of doing sth,最基础的 “方法” 表达,完形高频
plan
/plæn/
计划
make a plan/carry out a plan,制定 / 执行计划,解决问题高频
idea
/aɪˈdɪə/
想法,主意
a good idea/come up with an idea,想法,与 plan 近义
reason
/ˈriːzn/
原因,理由
the reason for sth/why 从句,原因,叙事中解释行为
result
/rɪˈzʌlt/
结果
as a result/the result of sth,结果,因果语境高频
outcome
/ˈaʊtkʌm/
结果
the outcome of sth,比 result 更侧重 “最终结果”
process
/ˈprəʊses/
过程
the process of doing sth,做某事的过程,成长类语境高频
experience
/ɪkˈspɪəriəns/
经历,经验
a valuable experience/work experience,宝贵的经历 / 工作经验
memory
/ˈmeməri/
记忆,回忆
a sweet memory/in memory of,甜蜜的回忆,结尾感悟高频
moment
/ˈməʊmənt/
时刻
a special moment/at that moment,特殊的时刻 / 在那时,叙事细节高频
attitude
/ˈætɪtjuːd/
态度
a positive attitude/attitude to sth,积极的态度,完形高频品质
character
/ˈkærəktə(r)/
性格,品格,角色
a good character/true character,良好的品格 / 真实的品格,真题高频
talent
/ˈtælənt/
天赋,才能
have a talent for sth/talent show,有…… 天赋,自我发现语境
spirit
/ˈspɪrɪt/
精神,心灵
the spirit of perseverance/team spirit,坚韧的精神 / 团队精神,褒义核心
考点三 核心形容词与副词
形容词
(一)消极心理(挫折时的情绪,完形常考)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
afraid
/əˈfreɪd/
害怕的,恐惧的
be afraid of sth/to do sth,基础恐惧表达
anxious
/ˈæŋkʃəs/
焦虑的,渴望的
be anxious about sth,对某事焦虑,心理挫折高频
confused
/kənˈfjuːzd/
感到困惑的
be confused about sth,对某事困惑,认知层面消极
disappointed
/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/
失望的
be disappointed at/with sth,感到失望,期望落空高频
frustrated
/frʌˈstreɪtɪd/
沮丧的,受挫的
feel frustrated,感到受挫,完形真题高频消极词
nervous
/ˈnɜːvəs/
紧张的
be nervous about sth,感到紧张,考试 / 面试 / 挑战语境高频
upset
/ʌpˈset/
心烦的,沮丧的
be upset about sth,心烦意乱,轻微负面情绪,完形高频
scared
/skeəd/
害怕的
be scared of sth,比 afraid 更口语化,恐惧程度更强
worried
/ˈwʌrid/
担心的
be worried about sth,担心某人 / 某事,基础消极情绪
hopeless
/ˈhəʊpləs/
无望的,绝望的
feel hopeless,感到绝望,深度消极情绪
helpless
/ˈhelpləs/
无助的
feel helpless,感到无助,困境中高频
embarrassed
/ɪmˈbærəst/
尴尬的
feel embarrassed,感到尴尬,人际 / 行为失误语境
ashamed
/əˈʃeɪmd/
惭愧的,羞愧的
be ashamed of sth,为某事羞愧,认错语境
exhausted
/ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/
筋疲力尽的
feel exhausted,身体 / 心理疲惫,困境中高频
painful
/ˈpeɪnfl/
痛苦的,疼痛的
a painful experience/painful feeling,痛苦的经历 / 感受
(二)积极心理 / 性格(转变后的状态,立德树人核心)
表格
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
confident
/ˈkɒnfɪdənt/
自信的
be confident in sb/sth,自信的,心理转变核心词
determined
/dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/
下定决心的
be determined to do sth,完形必考搭配,表坚定的心理
enthusiastic
/ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk/
热情的
be enthusiastic about sth,对某事热情,褒义性格
optimistic
/ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/
乐观的
be optimistic about sth,乐观的,完形高频褒义形容词
grateful
/ˈɡreɪtfl/
感激的
be grateful to sb for sth,感激的,比 thankful 情感更强
happy
/ˈhæpi/
快乐的,幸福的
基础积极情绪表达,人际 / 成长语境高频
cheerful
/ˈtʃɪəfl/
快乐的,愉快的
表 “心情愉悦的”,与 happy 近义,更侧重外在状态
proud
/praʊd/
骄傲的,自豪的
be proud of sth,自豪的,成就感高频
relaxed
/rɪˈlækst/
放松的
feel relaxed,感到放松,情绪平复后状态
satisfied
/ˈsætɪsfaɪd/
满意的
be satisfied with sth,对某事满意,结果层面积极
content
/ˈkɒntent/
满意的,满足的
be content with sth,比 satisfied 更侧重 “内心满足”
brave
/breɪv/
勇敢的
a brave person/be brave to do sth,勇敢的,面对挫折的品质
calm
/kɑːm/
平静的,冷静的
stay calm,保持冷静,困境中褒义状态
creative
/kriˈeɪtɪv/
富有创造性的
a creative idea/person,有创造力的,能力层面褒义
honest
/ˈɒnɪst/
诚实的
an honest person/be honest with sb,诚实的,人际核心品质
kind
/kaɪnd/
善良的,友好的
a kind person/be kind to sb,善良的,立德树人核心品质
generous
/ˈdʒenərəs/
慷慨的,大方的
be generous with sth/to sb,慷慨的,人际 / 公益语境
reliable
/rɪˈlaɪəbl/
可靠的,可信赖的
a reliable person,可靠的人,人际 / 协作语境
responsible
/rɪˈspɒnsəbl/
负责任的
be responsible for sth,负责任的,品质 / 行为层面褒义
outgoing
/ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/
外向的,友好的
an outgoing person,外向的人,性格描述高频
independent
/ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/
独立的
an independent person,独立的人,自我成长品质
selfless
/ˈselfləs/
无私的
a selfless person/act,无私的人 / 行为,公益 / 人际高频
(三)事物特征 / 场景描述(贴合故事细节)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
available
/əˈveɪləbl/
可用的,有空的
sth is available/sb is available,某物可用 / 某人有空
basic
/ˈbeɪsɪk/
基本的,基础的
basic skills/knowledge,基础技能 / 知识,基础描述
convenient
/kənˈviːniənt/
方便的,便利的
it is convenient to do sth,做某事方便,场景描述
difficult
/ˈdɪfɪkəlt/
困难的
it is difficult to do sth/a difficult task,困难的,挫折语境
tough
/tʌf/
艰苦的,坚韧的
a tough time/person,艰难的时期 / 坚韧的人,完形高频多义
smooth
/smuːð/
顺利的,光滑的
go smoothly/a smooth surface,进展顺利 / 光滑的表面,真题高频
successful
/səkˈsesfl/
成功的
a successful person/thing,成功的,成长结果描述
amazing
/əˈmeɪzɪŋ/
令人惊叹的,极好的
an amazing experience/thing,令人惊叹的,褒义描述
fascinating
/ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/
极有吸引力的,迷人的
a fascinating place/thing,有吸引力的,褒义描述
meaningful
/ˈmiːnɪŋfl/
有意义的
a meaningful experience/life,有意义的,成长 / 感悟高频
empty
/ˈempti/
空的,无人的
an empty room/heart,空房间 / 空虚的内心
full
/fʊl/
满的,充满的
be full of sth,充满某物,场景 / 心理描述高频
hard
/hɑːd/
艰难的,硬的
a hard life/task,艰难的生活 / 任务,与 tough 近义
simple
/ˈsɪmpl/
简单的,朴素的
a simple life/method,简单的生活 / 方法
wonderful
/ˈwʌndəfl/
极好的,精彩的
a wonderful experience/moment,极好的,褒义描述
muddy
/ˈmʌdi/
泥泞的
a muddy road/ground,泥泞的道路 / 地面,场景细节真题考点
freezing
/ˈfriːzɪŋ/
极冷的,冰冻的
freezing weather/water,极冷的天气 / 冰水,环境描述
shiny
/ˈʃaɪni/
闪亮的,有光泽的
a shiny object,闪亮的物体,场景细节描述
unique
/juˈniːk/
独一无二的
a unique experience/person,独一无二的,褒义描述
unknown
/ˌʌnˈnəʊn/
未知的,不知名的
an unknown place/person,未知的地方 / 不知名的人
(四)通用高频形容词
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
important
/ɪmˈpɔːtənt/
重要的
it is important to do sth,做某事重要,基础描述
necessary
/ˈnesəsəri/
必要的
it is necessary to do sth,做某事必要,建议 / 决策语境
possible
/ˈpɒsəbl/
可能的
it is possible to do sth,做某事可能,可能性描述
able
/ˈeɪbl/
能够的
be able to do sth,能够做某事,与 can 近义,可用于各种时态
willing
/ˈwɪlɪŋ/
愿意的
be willing to do sth,愿意做某事,态度描述高频
ready
/ˈredi/
准备好的
be ready to do sth/for sth,准备好的,行动前状态
surprised
/səˈpraɪzd/
惊讶的
be surprised at/by sth,感到惊讶,突发情况心理反应
amazed
/əˈmeɪzd/
惊奇的
be amazed at sth,比 surprised 惊讶程度更强
shocked
/ʃɒkt/
震惊的
be shocked at sth,极度惊讶,突发意外心理反应
serious
/ˈsɪəriəs/
严肃的,严重的
a serious problem/person,严重的问题 / 严肃的人,多义高频
strict
/strɪkt/
严厉的,严格的
be strict with sb/in sth,对某人 / 某事严格,老师 / 规则语境
modest
/ˈmɒdɪst/
谦虚的,适度的
a modest person/improvement,谦虚的人 / 些许进步,真题原搭配
mature
/məˈtʃʊə(r)/
成熟的
a mature person/idea,成熟的人 / 想法,自我成长描述
practical
/ˈpræktɪkl/
实际的,实用的
practical skills/advice,实用技能 / 建议,真题高频
significant
/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/
有重大意义的,显著的
a significant discovery/change,重大发现 / 显著变化,真题高频
副词
(一)心理 / 方式副词(修饰核心动词,高频)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
calmly
/ˈkɑːmli/
平静地,冷静地
act calmly/speak calmly,冷静地行动 / 说话,困境中高频
carefully
/ˈkeəfəli/
仔细地,小心地
do sth carefully,仔细做某事,做事方式描述
cautiously
/ˈkɔːʃəsli/
谨慎地
act cautiously,谨慎地行动,比 carefully 更侧重 “谨慎”
confidently
/ˈkɒnfɪdəntli/
自信地
speak confidently/act confidently,自信地说 / 做,心理转变后状态
eagerly
/ˈiːɡəli/
急切地,渴望地
wait eagerly/hope eagerly,急切地等待 / 渴望,心理状态
happily
/ˈhæpɪli/
快乐地,高兴地
do sth happily,快乐地做某事,积极情绪表达
hopefully
/ˈhəʊpfəli/
有希望地,满怀希望地
look forward to sth hopefully,满怀希望地期待,困境中高频
patiently
/ˈpeɪʃntli/
耐心地
wait patiently/teach patiently,耐心地等待 / 教学,品质副词
quietly
/ˈkwaɪətli/
安静地,悄悄地
speak quietly/do sth quietly,安静地说 / 悄悄做某事
sadly
/ˈsædli/
悲伤地,遗憾地
say sth sadly/sadly,悲伤地说 / 遗憾的是,消极情绪
seriously
/ˈsɪəriəsli/
严重地,严肃地
be seriously ill/take sth seriously,病得很重 / 认真对待某事
slowly
/ˈsləʊli/
缓慢地
do sth slowly,缓慢地做某事,动作方式描述
suddenly
/ˈsʌdənli/
突然地
suddenly,突然,突发情况叙事高频,句首 / 句中均可
willingly
/ˈwɪlɪŋli/
愿意地
do sth willingly,愿意地做某事,与 be willing to do 对应
hesitantly
/ˈhezɪtəntli/
迟疑地,踌躇地
speak hesitantly/act hesitantly,迟疑地说 / 做,犹豫的心理动作
gratefully
/ˈɡreɪtfəli/
感激地
thank sb gratefully,感激地感谢某人,与 grateful 对应
politely
/pəˈlaɪtli/
礼貌地
speak politely/ask politely,礼貌地说 / 询问,人际互动高频
(二)程度副词(强化语义,完形常考)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
completely
/kəmˈpliːtli/
完全地,彻底地
completely forget/change,完全忘记 / 彻底改变,强化程度
extremely
/ɪkˈstriːmli/
极其,非常
extremely difficult/happy,极其困难 / 非常快乐,程度副词,完形高频
greatly
/ˈɡreɪtli/
大大地,非常
greatly improve/influence,大大改善 / 极大影响,强化动作程度
hardly
/ˈhɑːdli/
几乎不
hardly believe/do sth,几乎不相信 / 做某事,否定副词
nearly
/ˈnɪəli/
几乎,差不多
nearly finish/succeed,几乎完成 / 成功,接近程度
quite
/kwaɪt/
相当,很
quite good/difficult,相当好 / 很困难,基础程度副词
really
/ˈriːəli/
真正地,非常
really happy/important,非常快乐 / 真正重要,口语化程度副词
simply
/ˈsɪmpli/
仅仅,只不过,简直
simply do sth/simply amazing,仅仅做某事 / 简直令人惊叹,多义高频
totally
/ˈtəʊtəli/
完全地
totally different/forget,完全不同 / 彻底忘记,与 completely 近义
very
/ˈveri/
非常
very good/tired,非常好 / 很累,最基础的程度副词
slightly
/ˈslaɪtli/
轻微地,稍微
slightly better/different,稍微好一点 / 略有不同,轻微程度
increasingly
/ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli/
越来越多地,不断地
increasingly difficult/popular,越来越困难 / 越来越流行,真题原搭配
(三)时间 / 频率副词(叙事时间线)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
already
/ɔːlˈredi/
已经
already do sth,已经做某事,完成时态高频
always
/ˈɔːlweɪz/
总是,一直
always do sth,总是做某事,频率副词
finally
/ˈfaɪnəli/
最后,终于
finally,最后 / 终于,叙事结尾 / 达成目标时高频
immediately
/ɪˈmiːdiətli/
立即,马上
do sth immediately,立即做某事,突发情况动作高频
eventually
/ɪˈventʃuəli/
最终,终于
eventually succeed/arrive,最终成功 / 到达,比 finally 更侧重 “经历过程后”
gradually
/ˈɡrædʒuəli/
逐渐地
gradually improve/change,逐渐改善 / 改变,心理 / 状态转变高频
soon
/suːn/
很快,不久
soon,很快,叙事中表 “即将发生”
then
/ðen/
然后,那时
then,然后 / 那时,叙事时间线基础副词
usually
/ˈjuːʒuəli/
通常
usually do sth,通常做某事,频率副词
occasionally
/əˈkeɪʒnəli/
偶尔,有时候
occasionally do sth,偶尔做某事,低频频率
frequently
/ˈfriːkwəntli/
频繁地,经常
frequently do sth,频繁做某事,高频频率
recently
/ˈriːsntli/
最近
recently,最近,完成时态高频时间副词
(四)逻辑 / 通用副词(解题关键)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
actually
/ˈæktʃuəli/
实际上,事实上
actually,实际上,表转折 / 纠正,完形高频
anyway
/ˈeniweɪ/
尽管如此,反正,无论如何
anyway,尽管如此,让步语境高频
besides
/bɪˈsaɪdz/
此外,而且
besides,此外,递进补充语境,真题高频
however
/haʊˈevə(r)/
然而,可是
however,然而,转折语境,完形最高频逻辑副词
therefore
/ˈðeəfɔː(r)/
因此,所以
therefore,因此,因果语境,次高频逻辑副词
instead
/ɪnˈsted/
代替,反而
instead,反而 / 代替,转折替代语境,真题高频
meanwhile
/ˈmiːnwaɪl/
与此同时,在此期间
meanwhile,与此同时,时间并行叙事,真题高频
otherwise
/ˈʌðəwaɪz/
否则,不然
otherwise,否则,条件转折语境
thus
/ðʌs/
因此,从而
thus,因此,正式因果副词,与 therefore 近义
clearly
/ˈklɪəli/
清楚地,显然
clearly,显然,表 “明显的事实”,逻辑副词
definitely
/ˈdefɪnətli/
确切地,肯定地
definitely do sth/yes,肯定做某事 / 当然,表确定
exactly
/ɪɡˈzæktli/
精确地,确切地,完全
exactly right/know exactly,完全正确 / 确切知道
probably
/ˈprɒbəbli/
大概,或许,很可能
probably do sth,很可能做某事,可能性推测
truly
/ˈtruːli/
真正地,真诚地
truly happy/believe,真正快乐 / 真诚相信
考点四 介词(短语)与逻辑连接词
介词 / 介词短语(固定搭配为主,无单独考查)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
a couple of
/ə ˈkʌpl ɒv/
一对,几个
后接可数名词复数,表 “少量”,完形高频
at hand
/æt hænd/
在手边,即将到来
sth is at hand,某物在手边 / 即将发生
at times
/æt taɪmz/
有时,偶尔
表频率,与 sometimes 近义
by accident
/baɪ ˈæksɪdənt/
偶然地,意外地
=by chance,突发情况语境,完形高频
in advance
/ɪn ədˈvɑːns/
提前
do sth in advance,提前做某事,计划语境
in danger
/ɪn ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/
处于危险中
sb/sth is in danger,人 / 物处于危险中
in trouble
/ɪn ˈtrʌbl/
处于困境中,有麻烦
sb is in trouble,某人陷入困境,基础搭配
in vain
/ɪn veɪn/
徒劳地,白白地
do sth in vain,徒劳做某事,挫折语境
in return
/ɪn rɪˈtɜːn/
作为回报
do sth in return,作为回报做某事,人际互动高频
in terms of
/ɪn tɜːmz ɒv/
就…… 而言,在…… 方面
表范围,正式语体
on average
/ɒn ˈævərɪdʒ/
平均
表平均水平,数据 / 情况描述
on sale
/ɒn seɪl/
廉价出售,上市
sth is on sale,某物打折 / 上市
on credit
/ɒn ˈkredɪt/
赊购
buy sth on credit,赊购某物,消费语境
for free
/fɔː friː/
免费
do sth for free/get sth for free,免费做 / 得到某物,公益语境高频
free of charge
/friː ɒv tʃɑːdʒ/
免费
与 for free 同义,更正式
from dawn to dusk
/frəm dɔːn tuː dʌsk/
从黎明到黄昏
表时间跨度,叙事场景
from then on
/frəm ðen ɒn/
从那时起
表时间起点,叙事时间线高频
in particular
/ɪn pəˈtɪkjələ(r)/
尤其,特别
表强调,突出重点
in place
/ɪn pleɪs/
恰当的,在适当的位置
sth is in place,某物在合适位置 / 做法恰当
in theory
/ɪn ˈθɪəri/
理论上
表 “理论层面”,与实际对比
逻辑连接词(完形解题关键,按逻辑关系分)
(一)转折对比(最高频,适配 “冲突”,天津卷必考)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
but
/bʌt/
但是,然而
最基础转折词,前后语义相反,完形必考
however
/haʊˈevə(r)/
然而,可是
句首用逗号隔开,转折语气比 but 强,真题最高频
yet
/jet/
然而,但是
可与 but 互换,表 “出乎意料的转折”
while
/waɪl/
然而,尽管,当…… 时
表对比 / 让步时为逻辑词,前后语义对立,真题高频
whereas
/weərˈæz/
然而,反之
正式转折词,表鲜明对比
instead
/ɪnˈsted/
反而,代替
表 “替代 / 相反的结果”,真题高频
on the contrary
/ɒn ðə ˈkɒntrəri/
相反地
表 “完全相反”,语气强烈
(二)因果关系(次高频,适配 “行为 - 结果”)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
because
/bɪˈkɒz/
因为
直接表原因,后接从句,基础因果词
so
/səʊ/
所以,因此
直接表结果,后接句子,基础因果词
therefore
/ˈðeəfɔː(r)/
因此,所以
正式表结果,句首用逗号隔开,真题次高频
thus
/ðʌs/
因此,从而
正式表结果,与 therefore 近义
hence
/hens/
因此,所以
更正式,多用于书面语
as a result
/æz ə rɪˈzʌlt/
结果,因此
表 “最终结果”,句首用逗号隔开,完形高频
for
/fɔː/
因为
补充说明原因,不能放句首,常考 “Why...? For...”
since
/sɪns/
既然,自从
表因果时意为 “既然”,后接从句;表时间意为 “自从”
as
/æz/
因为,当…… 时
表因果时语气弱,表 “显而易见的原因”
(三)递进补充(适配 “情节补充”)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
and
/ænd/
和,而且
基础递进词,前后语义同向
also
/ˈɔːlsəʊ/
也,此外
表补充,句中 / 句首均可
besides
/bɪˈsaɪdz/
此外,而且
表 “除此之外还有”,真题高频递进词
moreover
/mɔːrˈəʊvə(r)/
此外,而且
正式递进词,语气比 besides 强
furthermore
/ˈfɜːðəmɔː(r)/
此外,而且
与 moreover 近义,正式语体
in addition
/ɪn əˈdɪʃn/
另外,此外
表补充,句首用逗号隔开,与 besides 近义
what’s more
/wɒts mɔː(r)/
而且,更重要的是
口语化递进词,表 “递进且强调”
(四)让步关系(适配 “挫折中的坚持”)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
though
/ðəʊ/
虽然,尽管,不过
可放句首 / 句末,句末时表 “不过”,真题高频
although
/ɔːlˈðəʊ/
虽然,尽管
放句首,不能与 but 连用,完形陷阱考点
even though
/ˈiːvn ðəʊ/
即使,纵然
让步语气比 although 强,表 “退一步说”
even if
/ˈiːvn ɪf/
即使,虽然
与 even though 近义,可互换
despite
/dɪˈspaɪt/
尽管,不管
后接名词 / 代词 /doing,正式语体
Passage 1
(25-26高三上·南开中学·十月质检)Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they 1 it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out 2 he were flying, his eyes wide with 3 . His trust in me is 4 which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of 5 .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets 6 , it will need more effort and sound judgment 7 . Trust is such an important part of a 8 relationship that it’s something that can’t 9 to lose. Every time I 10 Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels 11 in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt. 12 , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to 13 that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.
14 in the workplace, trust is important for strong 15 . It is something that every manager should work hard to 16 among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to 17 your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A 18 of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be 19 you their best. Good 20 , like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
1.A.deserve B.miss C.love D.know
2.A.as if B.in case C.even though D.so that
3.A.fear B.excitement C.doubt D.astonishment
4.A.reasonable B.limited C.absolute D.important
5.A.relief B.satisfaction C.achievement D.responsibility
6.A.older B.busier C.quieter D.healthier
7.A.on my behalf B.on my part C.in my honor D.in my name
8.A.long-distance B.high-risk C.parent-child D.teacher-student
9.A.afford B.choose C.wait D.expect
10.A.attach B.compare C.adjust D.introduce
11.A.safe B.happy C.proud D.grateful
12.A.Above all B.In addition C.At first D.For example
13.A.admit B.believe C.suggest D.imagine
14.A.However B.Therefore C.Similarly D.Fortunately
15.A.affection B.determination C.friendship D.leadership
16.A.assess B.organize C.develop D.understand
17.A.repeat B.follow C.change D.forget
18.A.gesture B.measure C.bond D.lack
19.A.telling B.giving C.selling D.sending
20.A.management B.personality C.communication D.education
Passage 2
(25-26高三上·天津滨海新·月考)Always believe in yourself no matter what happens. It is the 1 of life that is useful for everyone. I think that if people want to lead a happy life, they must believe in and 2 themselves. You never realize how easy your life becomes until you have 3 . If you say I can do this, you are likely to finish the task that you 4 .
I have already 5 with having trust in myself many times in my life. When I was nine, I began 6 piano lessons. I fought with the tasks such as completing a(n) 7 on the piano. I remembered that I got very 8 at that time because I had to play a song at a recital (演奏会) which was 9 soon. I had a piece that I needed to memorize. Coming home with a feeling of frustration and poor attitude, I was 10 about accomplishing this task. I sat at my piano and told myself that I would never get it 11 . I couldn’t help crying. My mother came to me and 12 me. She said, “Whatever you do, you should say I can. 13 when you believe you can, is nothing difficult for you.” Mother’s 14 showed me an important life lesson. I did end up finishing the piece and the recital went 15 . The important point is that you can accomplish anything you want to do if you believe yourself and 16 your best.
Now, when I become 17 in realizing the goal in life, I never give it up or think that I cannot do it. Always beginning with a 18 attitude, I sit down and tell myself that I can accomplish my goal if I put my 19 to it. I realize that I should have this attitude in everything I do. Believe that you can accomplish anything you 20 pains to do.
1.A.nature B.rule C.condition D.length
2.A.choose B.admire C.accept D.control
3.A.confidence B.ability C.power D.knowledge
4.A.long for B.make up C.care about D.take on
5.A.struggled B.dealt C.agreed D.gone
6.A.ordering B.getting C.bringing D.having
7.A.piece B.course C.operation D.application
8.A.strange B.happy C.nervous D.cool
9.A.approaching B.appearing C.staying D.developing
10.A.eager B.doubtful C.sure D.hopeful
11.A.across B.through C.out D.up
12.A.informed B.surprised C.encouraged D.blamed
13.A.Yet B.Even C.Exactly D.Only
14.A.ideas B.responsibility C.words D.performance
15.A.correctly B.smoothly C.carefully D.heavily
16.A.move B.show C.put D.try
17.A.pleased B.funny C.frustrated D.ashamed
18.A.free B.fresh C.polite D.positive
19.A.body B.mind C.fame D.fate
20.A.take B.use C.spare D.Make
Passage 3
(25-26高三上·南开期中)I was a successful math teacher in Turkey, working with junior high school students and then giving private lessons after school to gifted students. I 1 several medal-winning students for mathematical Olympiads, which were very important awards in Turkey. Teaching and helping others were always my 2 .
Then, in July 2017, my life was turned upside down. My family moved suddenly to the U.K. and I entered a world I knew only through the movies. I’m a talkative person but I could speak to nobody. Frankly speaking, it was like being a 3 again. I don’t want to remain in the balloon of a Turkish community abroad. I want to understand and contribute to my newly-moved 4 and I want to teach. One of my friends advised me to look into a special education program for English learning. I knew that learning English was the only way to 5 into the community and get back into 6 .
I excelled at each level and soon felt more 7 . My social life quickly 8 . I could talk again! Some of my Turkish friends were impressed and have since registered with the education program for their own English 9 .
The teacher assistant course was especially helpful. Due to the pandemic, the course was online, but it 10 my interest in the U.K. education system. I’m determined to work again in mainstream education or 11 my own tuition center. I am currently 12 Turkish family children and volunteering in schools. The 13 of watching young students progress makes the pain of relocation (搬迁) 14 .
My motivation comes from my own parents, who always 15 me to bring out my best. I think we should all desire to 16 every day, however small or big.
17 , I would like to thank Mrs. Nusrat Bhatti, my tutor at the program, who has always believed in me and coached my development. Her impact on my life cannot be overstated.
Winning this 18 gives me very amazing encouragement and strong motivation to follow my dreams. There are many other winners out there who 19 this award, so I feel fortunate to be chosen. My hope by winning this award is that I can 20 more women like me.
1.A.blamed B.prepared C.asked D.forgave
2.A.passions B.jobs C.headaches D.hobbies
3.A.fool B.teacher C.follower D.baby
4.A.work B.role C.country D.dream
5.A.dive B.integrate C.run D.rush
6.A.teaching B.talking C.living D.competing
7.A.uneasy B.confident C.lonely D.dependent
8.A.died B.disappeared C.improved D.rose
9.A.innovation B.literature C.courses D.grades
10.A.weakened B.fascinated C.calculated D.motivated
11.A.lock up B.clean up C.fix up D.set up
12.A.nursing B.tutoring C.replacing D.feeding
13.A.satisfaction B.process C.idea D.effort
14.A.turned up B.broke down C.fade away D.took off
15.A.warned B.encouraged C.forced D.allowed
16.A.succeed B.struggle C.progress D.learn
17.A.in brief B.in particular C.as a result D.in return
18.A.favor B.gift C.award D.reward
19.A.earn B.want C.need D.deserve
20.A.inspire B.surprise C.imitate D.excite
Passage 4
(25-26高三上·耀华中学·期中)Last summer, I was suffering from too much stress. I had just graduated from a challenging doctoral program and was 1 from the years of research. I took a vacation after graduation to 2 , but the academic intensity had become a habit and my brain couldn’t seem to 3 .
I vacationed on Mackinac Island in Michigan, where the 4 of life slows considerably. 5 , the clip-clop (咔哒声) of horses, the lack of cars and shops would have relaxed me, but I could not slow down—I was too tired, and 6 .
I took a day away from the crowds and sat on the beautiful back lawn of our hotel. I had my phone with me to 7 e-mails. I needed to 8 , but why couldn’t I?
A dragonfly buzzed around me. Those creatures are special to me because they are a(n) 9 of living in the present: they live most of their lives underwater as larvae (幼虫) and 10 with only months ahead to enjoy a colorful adulthood.
After a while, the dragonfly came to 11 on a blade (叶片) of grass in front of me. I 12 and saw colorful wings. I could have sworn that dragonfly looked at me and 13 . “It’s not a matter of relaxing,” it seemed to say, “It’s a matter of 14 the now. Life is so short. Be here in the moment and let the future 15 itself.”
Suddenly, I realized this beautiful creature that only had months to live reminded me of the 16 of life. I needed to slow down, I thought, to 17 from the persistent wind of life and just relax.
The dragonfly seemed satisfied that its message had been 18 so it sprang off my ankle and flew away.
Months later, I got my first and only tattoo — a dragonfly on my right ankle, letting what the dragonfly taught me 19 . Every time I see it, I take a breath and smile. It says, “Just 20 .”
1.A.benefited B.exhausted C.hidden D.thrilled
2.A.reflect B.investigate C.celebrate D.explore
3.A.take over B.shut off C.give out D.turn down
4.A.approach B.style C.track D.pace
5.A.Ordinarily B.Fortunately C.Consequently D.Ultimately
6.A.sensitive B.infected C.distracted D.dynamic
7.A.restore B.acquire C.cease D.check
8.A.adjust B.shift C.relax D.think
9.A.estimate B.measure C.guarantee D.symbol
10.A.emerge B.perform C.evolve D.suspend
11.A.angle B.rest C.exist D.load
12.A.watched out B.stood up C.look down D.step back
13.A.commented B.instructed C.amused D.communicated
14.A.experiencing B.appreciating C.underlining D.possessing
15.A.get rid of B.look forward to C.take care of D.get down to
16.A.value B.certainty C.mystery D.diversity
17.A.draw inspiration B.seek protection C.gain knowledge D.take shelter
18.A.created B.exchanged C.revealed D.delivered
19.A.sink in B.turn up C.come out D.set up
20.A.trust the instinct B.embrace the present C.rely on reason D.anticipate the future
Passage 5
(25-26高三上·英华·质检一)For more than 25 years, Jan Karon has been delighting millions of readers with her bestselling Mitford series. At age 10 she knew 1 she was bound to be a writer. But it wasn’t until her mid-forties that she began chasing her childhood 2 . Was it too late?
“I kept 3 myself for two years,” Karon said. “I put everything — all my fears, my high expectations, my determination to make a right decision — into the journal.”
It took years, but when the 4 came, Karon had no 5 about it. She immediately 6 her house and moved to North Carolina to devote herself to writing with the money. However, she’d never 7 a novel before. It took months of 8 starts before she saw a figure of a teacher walking down the road, who eventually 9 Father Tim, the lead character in her series.
At first, she felt she was 10 to write such a novel. With just the lead character and settings in her mind, the 11 was just beginning, but her firm belief in writing kept her 12 . She began writing Father Tim’s story in the local paper. Two years later, she 13 the novel. And it took her another two and a half years to 14 a publisher. Karon’s first book was a surprising hit, which gave her a lot of 15 to continue writing.
But Karon wasn’t 16 with her present life and started to chase another career change, which involved her love of art. 17 , she showed no concern about starting over. Her perseverance gave her 18 that it’s never too late for anyone to chase their dream. “Each one of us has a talent. We come to the world with a packed 19 . What will you do with it is up to you, but age never 20 ,” Karon said.
1.A.naturally B.certainly C.frequently D.gradually
2.A.success B.story C.dream D.memory
3.A.teaching B.reviewing C.reminding D.recording
4.A.chance B.impression C.movement D.business
5.A.doubt B.thought C.reason D.regret
6.A.painted B.decorated C.bought D.sold
7.A.drafted B.written C.designed D.published
8.A.outstanding B.different C.unfruitful D.similar
9.A.visited B.helped C.missed D.became
10.A.unable B.unwilling C.unsuitable D.unsatisfactory
11.A.competition B.program C.adventure D.journey
12.A.smiling B.going C.imagining D.wondering
13.A.stopped B.quit C.finished D.created
14.A.interview B.sponsor C.find D.understand
15.A.admission B.encouragement C.respect D.reputation
16.A.satisfied B.concerned C.bored D.disappointed
17.A.Moreover B.Instead C.Therefore D.However
18.A.confidence B.eagerness C.fortune D.trust
19.A.wish B.life C.gift D.beauty
20.A.challenges B.matters C.exists D.Disappears
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专题03 完形词汇
01 析·考点精解 2
02 构·知能框架 3
03 破·考点攻坚 4
考点一 核心动词 10
考点二 核心名词 13
考点三 核心形容词与副词 16
考点四 介词(短语)与逻辑连接词 21
01 析·考点精解
命题轨迹透视
近五年天津高考完形填空记叙文呈现 "主题聚焦、考点稳定、素养导向"的鲜明特征,紧密贴合高考“立德树人”的核心目标,通过真实、温暖的故事载体,考查学生的语言运用能力与核心素养。
2021 年第一次
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动词(4)、名词(8)、形容词(3)、副词(3)、介词(2)
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动词(13)、名词(5)、形容词(4)、副词(1)、介词(2)
人与自我
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动词(7)、名词(5)、形容词(3)、副词(1)
人与自我
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动词(7)、名词(4)、形容词(3)、副词(1)、代词(1)
人与自我
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动词(8)、名词(6)、形容词(3)、副词(1)
人与自然
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动词(8)、名词(7)、形容词(2)、副词(1)
人与社会
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动词(7)、名词(8)、形容词(3)、副词(1)
人与自我
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动词(7)、名词(6)、形容词(3)、副词(1)
人与自我
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动词(11)、名词(5)、形容词(3)、副词(1)
人与社会
2025 年第二次
本文以作者自身的篮球选拔经历为线索,讲述了自己原本笃定能进入篮球俱乐部 A 队,却意外被分到 B 队后陷入消沉,后来通过看到另一支球队后卫乐观鼓励队友的举动,幡然醒悟,将这次 “失意” 转化为锻炼领导力的契机,最终实现个人成长的故事,点明了乐观心态是应对人生挫折、实现自我蜕变的关键这一核心主旨。
动词(7)、名词(6)、形容词(4)、副词(1)
人与自我
2026命题预测
主题严格围绕 人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大课标主题语境展开
考点分布:侧重动词名词,兼顾词类均衡
从考点词类分布来看,动词和名词是考查核心,合计占比超 70%,形容词、副词、介词等词类作为补充,体现了对“实词为主、虚词为辅”的考查原则,考查学生对核心语义的精准把握。
情节设计:遵循 “挫折—— 转变——成长”叙事逻辑
近五年记叙文均采用经典的“冲突出现 ——应对过程—— 积极转变”三段式叙事结构,通过设置挫折、困境等冲突,展现人物的心理变化和行为选择,最终传递积极向上的价值观。
02 构·知能框架
破·考点攻坚
在近几年天津高考中,在完形词汇维度主要会以语篇为命题情景,强化信息查找的能力和语境理解,重点考察以下五个维度。
1. 重实词,抓核心:优先掌握动词、名词的语义与搭配,二者合计占天津卷完形考点超 70%,重点记跨主题的通用高频词(如 realize, manage, courage, opportunity)。
2. 贴主题,记场景:结合人与自我 / 人与社会 / 人与自然三大主题,记忆对应场景的动词 / 名词,如人与社会记公益类(donate, volunteer, contribution),人与自我记挫折成长类(overcome, struggle, determination)。
3. 辨逻辑,记连接词:逻辑连接词是完形解题关键,尤其掌握however/therefore/while/unless的用法,天津卷反复考查这类易混逻辑词。
4. 记搭配,重应用:完形多考查词汇固定搭配,而非单独词义,重点记动词 + 介词、形容词 + 介词、名词 + 介词的固定搭配(如 apply for, be determined to, a sense of)。
5. 褒贬对比,贴合心理:形容词 / 副词多考查褒贬对比,对应人物 “挫折时的消极心理 - 转变后的积极心理”,记准褒贬语义是解题关键。
03 破·
(2025年天津3月考)
Josiah Jackson has played piano since age 4 and he started his piano-tuning (钢琴调音) career at 18.
Six months ago, he was on his way to Florida when he 16 a public piano at Chicago O’Hare International Airport. He played a few notes. It was the worst piano he’d ever played. He decided to come back some day to tune it 17 .
He recently got the 18 to put his plan into action. As his flight would stop in Chicago again, he 19 an eight-hour layover (中转停留). After 20 the airport to make sure the piano was still there, he arranged to mail his piano-tuning equipment to the airport.
Upon arriving, he found the piano in very 21 shape — dust was everywhere, and there was a gluey substance under the keys that 22 them from working. Jackson sat on the floor to 23 clean the 88 keys one by one. He 24 the reason why the piano was such a mess — it was next to a bar and people had spilled (洒落) drinks on the keys.
The cleaning was a big 25 . That left him with about 45 minutes before he’d have to 26 to catch his flight. So he did the fastest tuning. He then played a bit of “Pirates of the Caribbean”: the piece that inspired him to 27 the piano when he was younger. Even with a quick tuning, the piano sounded really good.
He 28 had time to admire his work, but he had achieved his goal: the 29 of the piano. It was again ready to be played by anyone with a few minutes to spare 30 flights. He left a 31 on the piano — “No drinks near piano, please!”
A video was posted on TikTok showing how he cleaned and tuned the piano, which has received more than 1,500 32 . “So glad the piano is 33 , Thank you for bringing a new life to the piano!” one person wrote.
“I’m 34 that people are playing the piano again,” Jackson told a news reporter, “Piano tuners are becoming more and more 35 , and I’m one of the few who could fix it. It was just a cool community thing to do.”
16.A.donated B.spotted C.tuned D.purchased
17.A.in vain B.with luck C.for free D.at random
18.A.message B.reward C.demand D.chance
19.A.scheduled B.revealed C.canceled D.delayed
20.A.promising B.contacting C.inspecting D.ordering
21.A.rough B.simple C.unique D.normal
22.A.rescued B.defended C.liberated D.prevented
23.A.casually B.effortlessly C.patiently D.briefly
24.A.figured out B.made up C.set aside D.turned down
25.A.fortune B.expectation C.challenge D.sacrifice
26.A.flee B.wander C.slide D.race
27.A.pull out B.take up C.give away D.bring back
28.A.barely B.definitely C.merely D.generally
29.A.contribution B.introduction C.transformation D.appreciation
30.A.behind B.between C.below D.beyond
31.A.report B.record C.bill D.sign
32.A.invitations B.awards C.comments D.offers
33.A.replaced B.restored C.evaluated D.explored
34.A.interested B.shocked C.puzzled D.thrilled
35.A.rare B.available C.modest D.generous
命题解读
新情境:聚焦 “小人物大情怀”,渗透价值观引领
本文以 “钢琴调音师无偿修复机场公共钢琴” 为线索,塑造了一个热心公益、服务社区的普通人形象,契合高考 “选材贴近生活,弘扬正能量” 的新情境命题趋势。题目通过具体场景(机场、社交媒体)展现人物行为与情感,引导学生关注身边的善意与责任,落实 “立德树人” 的教育方针。
新考法:强化 “语篇逻辑链”,弱化孤立知识考查
全文字数约 300 词,题目设置紧密围绕 “发现钢琴→计划修复→实施修复→成果反馈→主题升华” 的逻辑链条展开。85% 的题目需要通过上下文的动作、时间、情感、因果等多重线索推导答案,如第 17 题通过结尾的 “community thing” 反向推导 “for free”,第 28 题通过时间线索递进判断 “barely”。这种考法体现了高考 “从知识立意转向能力立意” 的核心趋势,重点考查学生的语篇整合与逻辑推理能力。
新角度:融入 “真实场景”,考查语言实际运用
题目大量融入真实生活场景,包括 “航班中转”“机场公共设施”“社交媒体互动” 等,考查词汇在具体场景中的精准运用,如 “scheduled a layover”(安排中转停留)、“between flights”(航班间隙)、“TikTok comments”(抖音评论)等。同时,注重 “熟词生义” 和 “固定搭配” 的语境化考查,如 “take up the piano”(开始学钢琴)、“race to catch a flight”(赶飞机),体现了高考 “语言运用能力” 的考查新角度,要求学生在真实语境中理解和使用语言。
【答案】
16.B 17.C 18.D 19.A 20.B 21.A 22.D 23.C 24.A 25.C 26.D 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.B 31.D 32.C 33.B 34.D 35.A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了钢琴调音师Josiah Jackson在机场发现并修复了一架糟糕的公共钢琴的故事。
16.考查动词词义辨析。句意:六个月前,他在去佛罗里达的路上,在芝加哥奥黑尔国际机场发现了一架公共钢琴。A. donated捐赠;B. spotted发现;C. tuned调音;D. purchased购买。根据后文“He played a few notes. It was the worst piano he’d ever played.”可知,他发现了这架钢琴并弹奏了几个音符。故选B。
17.考查介词短语辨析。句意:他决定有一天回来免费为它调音。A. in vain徒劳;B. with luck幸运地;C. for free免费;D. at random随机地。根据后文“he arranged to mail his piano-tuning equipment to the airport”他专程带着工具回来修理,以及文章最后他认为这是“a cool community thing to do”,可知他是出于善意无偿服务。故选C。
18.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他最近得到了实施计划的机会。A. message信息;B. reward奖励;C. demand要求;D. chance机会。根据后文“As his flight would stop in Chicago again, he 4 an eight-hour layover (中转停留).”以及描述他利用航班中转时间修复钢琴可知,他得到了这个机会。故选D。
19.考查动词词义辨析。句意:由于他的航班将再次在芝加哥停留,他安排了八个小时的中转停留时间。A. scheduled安排;B. revealed揭示;C. canceled取消;D. delayed延迟。根据后文“an eight-hour layover”可知,为了有足够时间修理钢琴,他特意规划了行程。故选A。
20.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在联系机场确认钢琴还在那里后,他安排将钢琴调音设备邮寄到机场。A. promising承诺;B. contacting联系;C. inspecting检查;D. ordering命令。根据后文“the airport to make sure the piano was still there”可知,他需要先与机场沟通确认情况。故选B。
21.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:到达后,他发现钢琴的状况非常糟糕——到处都是灰尘,琴键下面有一种粘性物质阻止了它们的工作。A. rough糟糕的;B. simple简单的;C. unique独特的;D. normal正常的。根据后文“dust was everywhere”可知,钢琴状况糟糕。故选A。
22.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rescued拯救;B. defended防御;C. liberated解放;D. prevented阻止。根据前文“there was a gluey substance under the keys”和后文“them from working”可知,这种粘性物质导致琴键无法正常工作,prevent...from doing是固定搭配,意为“阻止……做……”。故选D。
23.考查副词词义辨析。句意:Jackson坐在地板上耐心地一个一个地清洁88个琴键。A. casually随意地;B. effortlessly轻松地;C. patiently耐心地;D. briefly短暂地。根据后文“clean the 88 keys one by one”可知,清洁88个琴键是一项繁琐的工作,需要极大的耐心。故选C。
24.考查动词短语辨析。句意:他弄清楚了为什么钢琴会这么一团糟——它紧挨着一家酒吧,人们把饮料洒在了琴键上。A. figured out弄清楚;B. made up编造;C. set aside留出;D. turned down拒绝。根据后文“the reason why the piano was such a mess — it was next to a bar and people had spilled (洒落) drinks on the keys.”可知,后文解释了钢琴脏乱的原因,说明他查明了真相。故选A。
25.考查名词词义辨析。句意:清洁工作是一个巨大的挑战。A. fortune财富;B. expectation期望;C. challenge挑战;D. sacrifice牺牲。根据后文“That left him with about 45 minutes before he’d have to 11 to catch his flight.”描述他只有有限的时间完成清洁和调音可知,这是一个挑战。故选C。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在他不得不匆忙赶飞机之前,他还剩下大约45分钟的时间。A. flee逃跑;B. wander徘徊;C. slide滑动;D. race跑去。根据后文“to catch his flight”可知,时间紧迫,他需要匆忙去赶飞机,race to do有“匆忙去做某事”的含义。故选D。
27.考查动词短语辨析。句意:然后他弹奏了一段《加勒比海盗》的曲子 —— 这首曲子在他小时候激励他开始学习钢琴。A. pull out拔出;B. take up开始从事;C. give away赠送;D. bring back带回。根据后文“the piano when he was younger”可知,曲子激励他走上学习钢琴的道路,take up the piano表示“开始学习钢琴”。故选B。
28.考查副词词义辨析。句意:他几乎没有时间欣赏自己的作品,但他已经实现了目标:钢琴的转变。A. barely几乎不;B. definitely肯定地;C. merely仅仅;D. generally通常。根据前文“That left him with about 45 minutes before he’d have to 11 to catch his flight.”可知,只剩45分钟赶飞机,调音后时间所剩无几,所以几乎没时间欣赏成果。故选A。
29.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. contribution贡献;B. introduction介绍;C. transformation转变;D. appreciation欣赏。根据前文“Even with a quick tuning, the piano sounded really good.”可知,钢琴从破旧无法弹奏到能正常发声,发生了巨大转变。故选C。
30.考查介词词义辨析。句意:它再次准备好让任何在航班之间有空闲几分钟的人弹奏。A. behind在……后面;B. between在……之间;C. below在……下面;D. beyond超过。根据前文“It was again ready to be played by anyone with a few minutes to spare”和后文“flights”可知,这里指在航班之间有空闲时间的人。故选B。
31.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他在钢琴上留下了一个提示牌——“请不要在钢琴附近喝饮料!”A. report报告;B. record记录;C. bill账单;D. sign指示牌,标志。根据后文“No drinks near piano, please!”可知,这是一条提醒大家的提示牌。故选D。
32.考查名词词义辨析。句意:TikTok上发布了一段他清洁和调音钢琴的视频,收到了1500多条评论。A. invitations邀请;B. awards奖项;C. comments评论;D. offers提供。根据前文“A video was posted on TikTok”可知,视频发布在社交平台上,收到的应是网友的评论,后文也引用了网友的留言。故选C。
33.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“很高兴钢琴恢复了原状,谢谢你给钢琴带来了新的生命!”一个人写道。A. replaced替换;B. restored恢复,修复;C. evaluated评估;D. explored探索。根据后文“Thank you for bringing a new life to the piano!”可知,钢琴被修好,重新可以使用。故选B。
34.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:“我很激动人们又开始弹钢琴了,”Jackson告诉一位新闻记者。A. interested感兴趣的;B. shocked震惊的;C. puzzled困惑的;D. thrilled非常兴奋的。根据后文“people are playing the piano again”可知,看到自己的善举产生了积极影响,他感到非常兴奋。故选D。
35.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:钢琴调音师越来越稀少了,而我是少数能修复它的人之一。A. rare稀少的;B. available可用的;C. modest谦虚的;D. generous慷慨的。根据后文“and I’m one of the few who could fix it”可知,这类专业人士越来越少。故选A。
词类考查严格贴合天津卷命题规律
本文 35 道题的词类分布与近五年天津卷完形“动词 / 名词为核心,形容词 / 副词为辅,实词为主、虚词为辅”的规律完全一致,具体分布:
1. 核心动词(含动词搭配):16/19/20/22/24/26/27/33 题(共 8 题,占比 22.8%)
· 以行为动词为主,均为 “人物在具体场景中的动作”(发现、联系、阻止、弄明白、赶时间、开始从事、修复),无生僻动词,均为词表中跨主题通用动词,符合 “考查核心语义的精准把握” 的命题要求。
2. 核心名词:18/25/29/31/32 题(共 5 题,占比 14.3%)
· 涵盖抽象概念名词(chance, challenge, transformation)和具象事物名词(sign, comment),抽象名词贴合 “行为动机、困难、结果”,具象名词贴合故事场景,与词表 “抽象 + 具象” 的名词分类完全匹配。
3. 形容词 / 副词:21/23/28/34/35 题(共 5 题,占比 14.3%)
· 形容词均为事物特征 / 人物心理类(rough, thrilled, rare),副词均为方式 / 程度类(patiently, barely),无生僻词,且形容词多考查褒贬对比 / 状态描述,副词多修饰核心动词,符合词表的形容词 / 副词考查逻辑。
4. 介词 / 介词短语 / 基础虚词:17/30 题(共 2 题,占比 5.7%)
· 均为固定搭配 / 基础场景介词(for free, between),无单独考查介词,均与语境结合,符合词表 “介词以固定搭配为主” 的特点。
总结:动词 + 名词合计考查 13 题,占比 37.1%,若加入动词搭配则占比超 40%,完全贴合天津卷 “动词 / 名词合计占比超 70%” 的核心考点规律,且所有考点词均为词表中高频核心词 / 搭配,无超纲词。
词汇使用高度贴合 “故事语境 + 叙事逻辑”
本文围绕 “钢琴调音师免费修复机场公共钢琴” 的公益故事展开,词汇选择严格贴合“发现问题 - 解决问题 - 完成目标 - 获得认可”的叙事逻辑,且与 “机场、钢琴调音、公益行为” 的具体场景高度绑定,体现天津卷完形 “词汇语境化,语义精准化” 的考查特点:
1. 场景化词汇绑定(机场 / 钢琴调音)
· 机场场景:spot, contact, layover, flight, race, between flights(均为词表中具象场景类词汇,贴合出行场景的动作 / 名词)
· 钢琴调音场景:piano-tuning, tune, equipment, keys, restore, transformation(均为词表中职业 / 事物修复类词汇,贴合调音工作的动作 / 名词)
2. 叙事逻辑词汇绑定(挫折 - 解决 - 成长)
· 挫折(问题出现):rough shape, prevent, challenge(词表挫折 / 困境类词汇,贴合 “钢琴状态糟糕、清理困难” 的情节)
· 解决(人物行为):contact, patiently, figure out, clean, tune, race(词表行为动词 / 方式副词,贴合 “主人公解决问题的一系列动作”)
· 结果(目标达成 + 认可):transformation, restore, thrilled, comments, community(词表成长 / 成就类 + 人际 / 社会类词汇,贴合 “钢琴修复、主人公获得网友认可、体现公益价值” 的结尾)
3. 公益行为的词汇情感倾向
· 全程使用褒义 / 中性词汇体现主人公的公益品质:for free, patiently, achieve his goal, restore, thrilled, community(词表积极心理 / 公益行为类词汇),无消极词汇,贴合天津卷 “立德树人、传递积极价值观” 的命题核心。
核心备考启示(从词汇角度)
1. 紧抓高频词表核心,优先掌握 “动词 + 名词 + 固定搭配”:本文所有考点词均出自高频词表,且动词搭配(figure out, take up, prevent...from...)、介词短语(for free)为解题关键,需熟练掌握词表中固定搭配的语义和用法,而非单独记单词。
2. 强化 “词汇 + 场景” 的绑定记忆:天津卷完形词汇均为语境化词汇,需将词表词汇按 “机场 / 医院 / 校园 / 公益” 等天津卷常考场景分类记忆,如本文中 “机场场景” 的spot, layover, race to catch flight均为场景化高频搭配。
3. 关注 “熟词生义 / 词汇活用”:完形常考熟词生义,如本文race表 “赶时间”、rough表 “事物状态差”,均为词表中基础词汇的活用,需掌握词表中高频词的多义性和经典搭配。
4. 贴合叙事逻辑记词汇:天津卷完形均为 “挫折 - 转变 - 成长” 的记叙文,需将词表词汇按 “挫折类 / 行为类 / 结果类 / 心理类” 绑定叙事逻辑记忆,如 “挫折类”challenge, rough, difficulty常与 “行为类”figure out, overcome, solve搭配出现。
攻坚
考点一 核心动词
(一)人与自我(挫折应对、自我成长、心理突破)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
abandon
/əˈbændən/
遗弃,放弃
完形常考 “放弃想法 / 目标” 语境
achieve
/əˈtʃiːv/
完成,达到,实现
后接 goal/aim/dream,成长类情节高频
accomplish
/əˈkʌmplɪʃ/
完成
侧重 “完成任务 / 目标”,正式语体
admit
/ədˈmɪt/
承认
常考 admit (to) doing sth,认错 / 承认事实
apply
/əˈplaɪ/
申请,应用
apply for(申请)/apply to(应用)为固定搭配
appreciate
/əˈpriːʃieɪt/
欣赏,理解,感激
后接名词 /doing,表 “感激” 时完形高频
attempt
/əˈtempt/
试图,尝试
attempt to do sth,侧重 “尝试做某事(未必成功)”
calm
/kɑːm/
(使)平静
calm down 为完形必考搭配,表 “平复情绪”
concentrate
/ˈkɒnsntreɪt/
集中(注意力)
concentrate on 为固定搭配,学习 / 做事语境高频
convince
/kənˈvɪns/
使信服
convince sb of sth/that 从句,说服语境
determine
/dɪˈtɜːmɪn/
决定
be determined to do 表 “下定决心”,心理转变核心
discover
/dɪˈskʌvə(r)/
发现
侧重 “发现未知事物 / 自身潜力”
encourage
/ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/
鼓励
encourage sb to do sth,他人激励情节高频
escape
/ɪˈskeɪp/
逃离,逃避
escape from...,逃离困境 / 负面情绪
explore
/ɪkˈsplɔː(r)/
探索
探索自我 / 未知领域,成长类语境
face
/feɪs/
面对
face difficulties,直面挫折情节必考
fight
/faɪt/
战斗,抗争
fight against/for,与困难 / 目标抗争
focus
/ˈfəʊkəs/
聚焦
focus on 为固定搭配,与 concentrate on 同义替换
hesitate
/ˈhezɪteɪt/
犹豫
hesitate to do sth,挫折时的心理动作
improve
/ɪmˈpruːv/
改善,增进
improve oneself/skills,自我提升语境
inspire
/ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/
激励,鼓舞,启发
inspire sb to do sth,他人 / 事物带来的启发
intend
/ɪnˈtend/
打算,计划
intend to do sth,表 “原本的想法”,常与转折搭配
manage
/ˈmænɪdʒ/
设法(做成),管理
manage to do sth,侧重 “克服困难做成”,完形高频
motivate
/ˈməʊtɪveɪt/
激励,激发
表 “内在 / 外在激励”,与 inspire 近义
overcome
/ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/
克服
overcome difficulties/fear,挫折突破核心词
persist
/pəˈsɪst/
坚持
persist in doing sth,坚持做某事
pursue
/pəˈsjuː/
追求
pursue dreams/interest,追求目标 / 兴趣
realize
/ˈriːəlaɪz/
意识到,实现
表 “突然意识到” 时,心理转变高频
recover
/rɪˈkʌvə(r)/
康复,恢复
recover from illness/sadness,从困境 / 伤病中恢复
reflect
/rɪˈflekt/
反思,反映
reflect on sth,自我反思情节
regret
/rɪˈgret/
遗憾,后悔
regret doing sth,表 “后悔的行为”
resist
/rɪˈzɪst/
抵抗,忍住
resist doing sth,抵制诱惑 / 负面情绪
resolve
/rɪˈzɒlv/
决心,解决
resolve to do sth=be determined to do
struggle
/ˈstrʌɡl/
奋斗,挣扎
struggle with sth/to do sth,困境中努力,完形高频
tolerate
/ˈtɒləreɪt/
容忍,忍受
tolerate difficulties/others,忍受挫折 / 他人
value
/ˈvæljuː/
重视,珍视
value time/friendship,表 “珍惜”
witness
/ˈwɪtnəs/
见证,目睹
表 “见证成长 / 变化”,结尾感悟高频
(二)人与社会(人际互动、公益行为、社会协作)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
accompany
/əˈkʌmpəni/
陪伴
accompany sb to sp,陪伴某人去某地
assist
/əˈsɪst/
协助,帮助
assist sb with sth,正式的 “帮助”,比 help 书面
associate
/əˈsəʊʃieɪt/
联系,关联
associate...with...,把…… 和…… 联系起来
apologize
/əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/
道歉
apologize to sb for sth,人际矛盾修复语境
attract
/əˈtrækt/
吸引
attract one's attention,吸引注意力
bless
/bles/
祝福
表 “他人的美好祝愿”,人际温暖语境
care
/keə(r)/
关心,照顾
care for sb=look after sb,照顾他人高频
cheer
/tʃɪə(r)/
欢呼,鼓励
cheer for/on sb,为他人加油,协作语境
cooperate
/kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/
合作
cooperate with sb,团队协作核心词
donate
/dəʊˈneɪt/
捐赠,捐献
donate sth to sb/charity,公益行为高频
forgive
/fəˈɡɪv/
原谅
forgive sb for sth,人际和解语境
greet
/ɡriːt/
打招呼,问候
日常人际互动基础词
help
/help/
帮助
help sb (to) do sth/with sth,最基础的帮助表达
invite
/ɪnˈvaɪt/
邀请
invite sb to do sth/to sp,社交语境
join
/dʒɔɪn/
加入,参加
join in sth/join sb,加入团体 / 他人
negotiate
/nɪˈɡəʊʃieɪt/
协商,谈判
negotiate with sb about sth,人际协商语境
offer
/ˈɒfə(r)/
提供,主动提出
offer to do sth,主动帮忙,完形高频
participate
/pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt/
参加
participate in sth,正式的 “参加”,比 take part in 书面
persuade
/pəˈsweɪd/
劝说,说服
persuade sb to do sth,成功说服,与 try to persuade 区分
praise
/preɪz/
赞扬,赞美
praise sb for sth,肯定他人行为 / 品质
provide
/prəˈvaɪd/
提供
provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb,固定搭配
recommend
/ˌrekəˈmend/
推荐
recommend sb to do sth/sth,推荐建议语境
rescue
/ˈreskjuː/
解救,营救
rescue sb from danger,救助他人语境
respect
/rɪˈspekt/
尊重
respect sb for sth,人际相处核心词
respond
/rɪˈspɒnd/
回应,作出反应
respond to sb/sth,对他人 / 事物的回应
serve
/sɜːv/
服务,招待
serve others/the community,服务他人 / 社会
share
/ʃeə(r)/
分享,分担
share sth with sb,分享快乐 / 分担困难
support
/səˈpɔːt/
支持,支撑
support sb/sth,精神 / 物质支持,人际高频
thank
/θæŋk/
感谢
thank sb for sth,基础人际表达
treat
/triːt/
对待,治疗
treat sb well/badly,对待他人;treat an illness,治疗疾病
(三)人与自然(探索自然、应对自然挑战)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
adapt
/əˈdæpt/
适应,改编
adapt to sth,适应自然环境 / 变化
climb
/klaɪm/
攀登,攀爬
climb mountains/hills,探索自然高频动作
discover
/dɪˈskʌvə(r)/
发现
发现自然新事物 / 规律,与自我类复用
explore
/ɪkˈsplɔː(r)/
探索
explore nature/the wild,探索自然领域
flee
/fliː/
逃跑,逃离
flee from natural disasters,逃离自然灾害
observe
/əbˈzɜːv/
观察,遵守
observe nature/animals,观察自然 / 动物
protect
/prəˈtekt/
保护
protect nature/wildlife,保护自然核心词
preserve
/prɪˈzɜːv/
保护,保存
侧重 “保护自然原貌 / 资源”,比 protect 正式
survive
/səˈvaɪv/
幸存,存活
survive natural disasters,从自然灾害中幸存
wander
/ˈwɒndə(r)/
漫步,徘徊
wander in nature,在自然中漫步
(四)完形通用高频动词搭配
英文搭配
音标
中文
使用备注
break down
/breɪk daʊn/
出故障,垮掉,分解
机器 / 身体 / 情绪垮掉,完形高频多义搭配
break away from
/breɪk əˈweɪ frəm/
脱离,摆脱
摆脱困境 / 不好的状态
come across
/kʌm əˈkrɒs/
偶遇,无意中发现
偶遇人 / 事 / 物,叙事类完形高频
come up with
/kʌm ʌp wɪð/
提出,想出
come up with a plan/idea,想出办法,解决问题高频
get over
/ɡet ˈəʊvə(r)/
克服,恢复
get over difficulties/illness,与 overcome 近义
get through
/ɡet θruː/
度过,通过,接通
get through the hard time,度过艰难时期,完形高频
get rid of
/ɡet rɪd ɒv/
去除,摆脱
摆脱坏习惯 / 负面情绪
give away
/ɡɪv əˈweɪ/
赠送,泄露
赠送物品(公益)/ 泄露秘密
give up
/ɡɪv ʌp/
放弃
give up doing sth,放弃想法 / 行为,与 abandon 近义
hold back
/həʊld bæk/
抑制,隐瞒,退缩
hold back tears/feelings,抑制情绪,心理动作高频
make up
/meɪk ʌp/
组成,编造,弥补,化妆
完形多义搭配,常考 “弥补过错 / 编造理由”
put off
/pʊt ɒf/
推迟
put off doing sth,推迟计划 / 事情
put up
/pʊt ʌp/
张贴,搭建,提供住宿
张贴通知 / 搭建帐篷,场景化搭配
take up
/teɪk ʌp/
开始从事,占据
take up a hobby/job,开始做某事,成长 / 职业语境
take off
/teɪk ɒf/
起飞,脱下,事业腾飞
飞机起飞 / 脱下衣服 / 事业起步,多义搭配
figure out
/ˈfɪɡə aʊt/
弄明白,计算出,想出
figure out a problem/plan,弄清楚问题,解决问题高频
focus on
/ˈfəʊkəs ɒn/
集中注意力于
与 concentrate on 同义,完形高频替换
insist on
/ɪnˈsɪst ɒn/
坚持
insist on doing sth,坚持自己的想法 / 做法
stick to
/stɪk tuː/
坚持,固守
stick to a plan/promise,坚持计划 / 承诺,与 insist on 近义
work out
/wɜːk aʊt/
解决,算出,锻炼
work out a problem,解决问题;work out at the gym,锻炼
考点二 核心名词
(一)抽象情感 / 品质(立德树人与心理转变核心)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
ability
/əˈbɪləti/
能力
core ability/practical ability,核心 / 实用能力
courage
/ˈkʌrɪdʒ/
勇气
have the courage to do sth,面对挫折的核心品质,完形高频
confidence
/ˈkɒnfɪdəns/
自信
have confidence in sb/sth,self-confidence(自信),心理转变核心
determination
/dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃn/
决心
with determination,表 “带着决心”,与 determined 对应
enthusiasm
/ɪnˈθjuːziæzəm/
热情,热忱
enthusiasm for sth,对某事的热情,褒义品质
faith
/feɪθ/
信仰,信心
have faith in sb/sth,对…… 有信心
hope
/həʊp/
希望
hold hope,抱有希望,困境中高频
patience
/ˈpeɪʃns/
耐心
have patience with sb/sth,做事 / 待人的品质
pride
/praɪd/
骄傲,自豪
take pride in sth=be proud of sth,成就感高频
respect
/rɪˈspekt/
尊重
show respect for sb,对他人的尊重,人际品质
self-worth
/ˌself ˈwɜːθ/
自我价值,自尊
realize one's self-worth,实现自我价值,成长类高频
strength
/streŋθ/
力量,长处
inner strength(内心力量)/strengths and weaknesses,完形高频
wisdom
/ˈwɪzdəm/
智慧,才智
life wisdom,人生智慧,结尾感悟高频
ambition
/æmˈbɪʃn/
抱负,雄心
have ambition to do sth,有抱负做某事
curiosity
/ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/
好奇心
curiosity about sth,对某事的好奇心,探索类语境
passion
/ˈpæʃn/
热情,酷爱
passion for sth,与 enthusiasm 近义,情感更强烈
optimism
/ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/
乐观
optimism about life,对生活的乐观,完形高频褒义品质
perseverance
/ˌpɜːsəˈvɪərəns/
毅力,坚韧
with perseverance,带着毅力,克服困难的品质
(二)挫折 / 困境(叙事 “冲突” 环节高频)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
hardship
/ˈhɑːdʃɪp/
艰苦,贫困
suffer hardships,遭受苦难,困境语境
crisis
/ˈkraɪsɪs/
危机,紧要关头
in crisis,处于危机中,突发困境高频
difficulty
/ˈdɪfɪkəlti/
困难
in difficulty/meet with difficulties,遇到困难,完形高频
failure
/ˈfeɪljə(r)/
失败
experience failure,经历失败,挫折核心词
loss
/lɒs/
损失,失去
suffer a loss,遭受损失,失去某物 / 人
pressure
/ˈpreʃə(r)/
压力
under pressure,处于压力中,学习 / 生活困境高频
stress
/stres/
压力,紧张
stress from study/work,学习 / 工作压力,与 pressure 近义
trouble
/ˈtrʌbl/
麻烦,困境
in trouble/get into trouble,陷入麻烦,基础困境表达
challenge
/ˈtʃælɪndʒ/
挑战
face a challenge/meet challenges,面对挑战,完形高频
barrier
/ˈbæriə(r)/
障碍,屏障
break down barriers,打破障碍,克服困难语境
obstacle
/ˈɒbstəkl/
障碍,阻碍
overcome obstacles,与 barrier 近义,正式语体
frustration
/frʌˈstreɪʃn/
挫折,沮丧
feel frustration,感到沮丧,心理挫折高频
depression
/dɪˈpreʃn/
抑郁,沮丧
fall into depression,陷入沮丧,深度负面情绪
(三)成长 / 成就(叙事 “成长” 环节高频)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
achievement
/əˈtʃiːvmənt/
成就,成绩
make achievements,取得成就,成长结果高频
accomplishment
/əˈkʌmplɪʃmənt/
成就,完成
a sense of accomplishment,成就感,完形高频搭配
progress
/ˈprəʊɡres/
进步
make progress,取得进步,学习 / 成长高频表达
success
/səkˈses/
成功
achieve success/be a success,取得成功,成长最终结果
victory
/ˈvɪktəri/
胜利,成功
win a victory,赢得胜利,比 success 更侧重 “对抗性成功”
breakthrough
/ˈbreɪkθruː/
突破
make a breakthrough,取得突破,自我突破语境
improvement
/ɪmˈpruːvmənt/
改善,进步
a modest improvement,些许进步,完形真题原搭配
contribution
/ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn/
贡献
make a contribution to sth,为…… 做贡献,社会价值语境
(四)人际 / 社会(人与社会主题核心)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
agreement
/əˈɡriːmənt/
协议,同意
reach an agreement,达成协议,协商语境
community
/kəˈmjuːnəti/
社区,团体
the community/a community of people,社区 / 人群团体
companionship
/kəmˈpæniənʃɪp/
友谊,陪伴
the joy of companionship,陪伴的快乐,人际温暖语境
cooperation
/kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/
合作
in cooperation with sb,与某人合作,团队语境
friendship
/ˈfrendʃɪp/
友谊
build friendship,建立友谊,人际核心名词
relationship
/rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/
关系
a tense relationship/good relationship,关系紧张 / 良好,完形高频
team
/tiːm/
团队
a team player,团队合作者,协作语境
partner
/ˈpɑːtnə(r)/
伙伴,合伙人
a study partner/work partner,学习 / 工作伙伴,真题高频
volunteer
/ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/
志愿者
a volunteer/work as a volunteer,志愿者,公益语境
donation
/dəʊˈneɪʃn/
捐赠,捐献
make a donation,进行捐赠,与 donate 对应
(五)具象事物 / 场景(贴合故事背景,天津卷常考)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
airport
/ˈeəpɔːt/
机场
at the airport,在机场,真题多次出现的场景
hospital
/ˈhɒspɪtl/
医院
in hospital/at the hospital,生病 / 就医场景,完形高频
mountain
/ˈmaʊntən/
山
climb mountains,登山场景,人与自然主题
piano
/piˈænəʊ/
钢琴
play the piano/tune the piano,钢琴相关场景,2025 真题考点
bike
/baɪk/
自行车
fix the bike/ride a bike,自行车相关场景,2021 真题考点
classroom
/ˈklɑːsruːm/
教室
in the classroom,教室场景,学习类语境
office
/ˈɒfɪs/
办公室
in the office,办公室场景,求职 / 工作语境
journey
/ˈdʒɜːni/
旅行,旅程
a hard journey,艰难的旅程,叙事类完形高频
trip
/trɪp/
旅行
a school trip/mountain trip,短途旅行,与 journey 近义
flight
/flaɪt/
航班,飞行
take a flight/a delayed flight,乘坐航班 / 延误的航班
accident
/ˈæksɪdənt/
事故,意外
a traffic accident/by accident,交通事故 / 偶然,突发场景
emergency
/ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/
紧急情况
in an emergency,处于紧急情况,真题高频场景
scene
/siːn/
现场,场景
at the scene,在现场,突发情况高频搭配
spot
/spɒt/
地点,斑点
on the spot,在现场,与 at the scene 同义替换
backpack
/ˈbækpæk/
背包
a backpack/carry a backpack,背包,出行场景
wallet
/ˈwɒlɪt/
钱包
lose a wallet/find a wallet,丢 / 捡钱包,突发小事场景
station
/ˈsteɪʃn/
车站
a train station/bus station,车站,出行场景
platform
/ˈplætfɔːm/
站台,平台
on the platform,在站台上,车站场景细节
(六)通用高频名词(跨主题必考)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
chance
/tʃɑːns/
机会
have a chance/take a chance,有机会 / 冒险,完形高频
opportunity
/ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/
机会
an opportunity to do sth,正式的 “机会”,与 chance 近义替换
choice
/tʃɔɪs/
选择
make a choice/have no choice but to do,做选择 / 别无选择,决策语境
decision
/dɪˈsɪʒn/
决定
make a decision/take a decision,做决定,与 choice 近义
method
/ˈmeθəd/
方法
a good method/a method of doing sth,方法,解决问题语境
way
/weɪ/
方法,道路
a way to do/of doing sth,最基础的 “方法” 表达,完形高频
plan
/plæn/
计划
make a plan/carry out a plan,制定 / 执行计划,解决问题高频
idea
/aɪˈdɪə/
想法,主意
a good idea/come up with an idea,想法,与 plan 近义
reason
/ˈriːzn/
原因,理由
the reason for sth/why 从句,原因,叙事中解释行为
result
/rɪˈzʌlt/
结果
as a result/the result of sth,结果,因果语境高频
outcome
/ˈaʊtkʌm/
结果
the outcome of sth,比 result 更侧重 “最终结果”
process
/ˈprəʊses/
过程
the process of doing sth,做某事的过程,成长类语境高频
experience
/ɪkˈspɪəriəns/
经历,经验
a valuable experience/work experience,宝贵的经历 / 工作经验
memory
/ˈmeməri/
记忆,回忆
a sweet memory/in memory of,甜蜜的回忆,结尾感悟高频
moment
/ˈməʊmənt/
时刻
a special moment/at that moment,特殊的时刻 / 在那时,叙事细节高频
attitude
/ˈætɪtjuːd/
态度
a positive attitude/attitude to sth,积极的态度,完形高频品质
character
/ˈkærəktə(r)/
性格,品格,角色
a good character/true character,良好的品格 / 真实的品格,真题高频
talent
/ˈtælənt/
天赋,才能
have a talent for sth/talent show,有…… 天赋,自我发现语境
spirit
/ˈspɪrɪt/
精神,心灵
the spirit of perseverance/team spirit,坚韧的精神 / 团队精神,褒义核心
考点三 核心形容词与副词
形容词
(一)消极心理(挫折时的情绪,完形常考)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
afraid
/əˈfreɪd/
害怕的,恐惧的
be afraid of sth/to do sth,基础恐惧表达
anxious
/ˈæŋkʃəs/
焦虑的,渴望的
be anxious about sth,对某事焦虑,心理挫折高频
confused
/kənˈfjuːzd/
感到困惑的
be confused about sth,对某事困惑,认知层面消极
disappointed
/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/
失望的
be disappointed at/with sth,感到失望,期望落空高频
frustrated
/frʌˈstreɪtɪd/
沮丧的,受挫的
feel frustrated,感到受挫,完形真题高频消极词
nervous
/ˈnɜːvəs/
紧张的
be nervous about sth,感到紧张,考试 / 面试 / 挑战语境高频
upset
/ʌpˈset/
心烦的,沮丧的
be upset about sth,心烦意乱,轻微负面情绪,完形高频
scared
/skeəd/
害怕的
be scared of sth,比 afraid 更口语化,恐惧程度更强
worried
/ˈwʌrid/
担心的
be worried about sth,担心某人 / 某事,基础消极情绪
hopeless
/ˈhəʊpləs/
无望的,绝望的
feel hopeless,感到绝望,深度消极情绪
helpless
/ˈhelpləs/
无助的
feel helpless,感到无助,困境中高频
embarrassed
/ɪmˈbærəst/
尴尬的
feel embarrassed,感到尴尬,人际 / 行为失误语境
ashamed
/əˈʃeɪmd/
惭愧的,羞愧的
be ashamed of sth,为某事羞愧,认错语境
exhausted
/ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/
筋疲力尽的
feel exhausted,身体 / 心理疲惫,困境中高频
painful
/ˈpeɪnfl/
痛苦的,疼痛的
a painful experience/painful feeling,痛苦的经历 / 感受
(二)积极心理 / 性格(转变后的状态,立德树人核心)
表格
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
confident
/ˈkɒnfɪdənt/
自信的
be confident in sb/sth,自信的,心理转变核心词
determined
/dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/
下定决心的
be determined to do sth,完形必考搭配,表坚定的心理
enthusiastic
/ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk/
热情的
be enthusiastic about sth,对某事热情,褒义性格
optimistic
/ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/
乐观的
be optimistic about sth,乐观的,完形高频褒义形容词
grateful
/ˈɡreɪtfl/
感激的
be grateful to sb for sth,感激的,比 thankful 情感更强
happy
/ˈhæpi/
快乐的,幸福的
基础积极情绪表达,人际 / 成长语境高频
cheerful
/ˈtʃɪəfl/
快乐的,愉快的
表 “心情愉悦的”,与 happy 近义,更侧重外在状态
proud
/praʊd/
骄傲的,自豪的
be proud of sth,自豪的,成就感高频
relaxed
/rɪˈlækst/
放松的
feel relaxed,感到放松,情绪平复后状态
satisfied
/ˈsætɪsfaɪd/
满意的
be satisfied with sth,对某事满意,结果层面积极
content
/ˈkɒntent/
满意的,满足的
be content with sth,比 satisfied 更侧重 “内心满足”
brave
/breɪv/
勇敢的
a brave person/be brave to do sth,勇敢的,面对挫折的品质
calm
/kɑːm/
平静的,冷静的
stay calm,保持冷静,困境中褒义状态
creative
/kriˈeɪtɪv/
富有创造性的
a creative idea/person,有创造力的,能力层面褒义
honest
/ˈɒnɪst/
诚实的
an honest person/be honest with sb,诚实的,人际核心品质
kind
/kaɪnd/
善良的,友好的
a kind person/be kind to sb,善良的,立德树人核心品质
generous
/ˈdʒenərəs/
慷慨的,大方的
be generous with sth/to sb,慷慨的,人际 / 公益语境
reliable
/rɪˈlaɪəbl/
可靠的,可信赖的
a reliable person,可靠的人,人际 / 协作语境
responsible
/rɪˈspɒnsəbl/
负责任的
be responsible for sth,负责任的,品质 / 行为层面褒义
outgoing
/ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/
外向的,友好的
an outgoing person,外向的人,性格描述高频
independent
/ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/
独立的
an independent person,独立的人,自我成长品质
selfless
/ˈselfləs/
无私的
a selfless person/act,无私的人 / 行为,公益 / 人际高频
(三)事物特征 / 场景描述(贴合故事细节)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
available
/əˈveɪləbl/
可用的,有空的
sth is available/sb is available,某物可用 / 某人有空
basic
/ˈbeɪsɪk/
基本的,基础的
basic skills/knowledge,基础技能 / 知识,基础描述
convenient
/kənˈviːniənt/
方便的,便利的
it is convenient to do sth,做某事方便,场景描述
difficult
/ˈdɪfɪkəlt/
困难的
it is difficult to do sth/a difficult task,困难的,挫折语境
tough
/tʌf/
艰苦的,坚韧的
a tough time/person,艰难的时期 / 坚韧的人,完形高频多义
smooth
/smuːð/
顺利的,光滑的
go smoothly/a smooth surface,进展顺利 / 光滑的表面,真题高频
successful
/səkˈsesfl/
成功的
a successful person/thing,成功的,成长结果描述
amazing
/əˈmeɪzɪŋ/
令人惊叹的,极好的
an amazing experience/thing,令人惊叹的,褒义描述
fascinating
/ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/
极有吸引力的,迷人的
a fascinating place/thing,有吸引力的,褒义描述
meaningful
/ˈmiːnɪŋfl/
有意义的
a meaningful experience/life,有意义的,成长 / 感悟高频
empty
/ˈempti/
空的,无人的
an empty room/heart,空房间 / 空虚的内心
full
/fʊl/
满的,充满的
be full of sth,充满某物,场景 / 心理描述高频
hard
/hɑːd/
艰难的,硬的
a hard life/task,艰难的生活 / 任务,与 tough 近义
simple
/ˈsɪmpl/
简单的,朴素的
a simple life/method,简单的生活 / 方法
wonderful
/ˈwʌndəfl/
极好的,精彩的
a wonderful experience/moment,极好的,褒义描述
muddy
/ˈmʌdi/
泥泞的
a muddy road/ground,泥泞的道路 / 地面,场景细节真题考点
freezing
/ˈfriːzɪŋ/
极冷的,冰冻的
freezing weather/water,极冷的天气 / 冰水,环境描述
shiny
/ˈʃaɪni/
闪亮的,有光泽的
a shiny object,闪亮的物体,场景细节描述
unique
/juˈniːk/
独一无二的
a unique experience/person,独一无二的,褒义描述
unknown
/ˌʌnˈnəʊn/
未知的,不知名的
an unknown place/person,未知的地方 / 不知名的人
(四)通用高频形容词
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
important
/ɪmˈpɔːtənt/
重要的
it is important to do sth,做某事重要,基础描述
necessary
/ˈnesəsəri/
必要的
it is necessary to do sth,做某事必要,建议 / 决策语境
possible
/ˈpɒsəbl/
可能的
it is possible to do sth,做某事可能,可能性描述
able
/ˈeɪbl/
能够的
be able to do sth,能够做某事,与 can 近义,可用于各种时态
willing
/ˈwɪlɪŋ/
愿意的
be willing to do sth,愿意做某事,态度描述高频
ready
/ˈredi/
准备好的
be ready to do sth/for sth,准备好的,行动前状态
surprised
/səˈpraɪzd/
惊讶的
be surprised at/by sth,感到惊讶,突发情况心理反应
amazed
/əˈmeɪzd/
惊奇的
be amazed at sth,比 surprised 惊讶程度更强
shocked
/ʃɒkt/
震惊的
be shocked at sth,极度惊讶,突发意外心理反应
serious
/ˈsɪəriəs/
严肃的,严重的
a serious problem/person,严重的问题 / 严肃的人,多义高频
strict
/strɪkt/
严厉的,严格的
be strict with sb/in sth,对某人 / 某事严格,老师 / 规则语境
modest
/ˈmɒdɪst/
谦虚的,适度的
a modest person/improvement,谦虚的人 / 些许进步,真题原搭配
mature
/məˈtʃʊə(r)/
成熟的
a mature person/idea,成熟的人 / 想法,自我成长描述
practical
/ˈpræktɪkl/
实际的,实用的
practical skills/advice,实用技能 / 建议,真题高频
significant
/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/
有重大意义的,显著的
a significant discovery/change,重大发现 / 显著变化,真题高频
副词
(一)心理 / 方式副词(修饰核心动词,高频)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
calmly
/ˈkɑːmli/
平静地,冷静地
act calmly/speak calmly,冷静地行动 / 说话,困境中高频
carefully
/ˈkeəfəli/
仔细地,小心地
do sth carefully,仔细做某事,做事方式描述
cautiously
/ˈkɔːʃəsli/
谨慎地
act cautiously,谨慎地行动,比 carefully 更侧重 “谨慎”
confidently
/ˈkɒnfɪdəntli/
自信地
speak confidently/act confidently,自信地说 / 做,心理转变后状态
eagerly
/ˈiːɡəli/
急切地,渴望地
wait eagerly/hope eagerly,急切地等待 / 渴望,心理状态
happily
/ˈhæpɪli/
快乐地,高兴地
do sth happily,快乐地做某事,积极情绪表达
hopefully
/ˈhəʊpfəli/
有希望地,满怀希望地
look forward to sth hopefully,满怀希望地期待,困境中高频
patiently
/ˈpeɪʃntli/
耐心地
wait patiently/teach patiently,耐心地等待 / 教学,品质副词
quietly
/ˈkwaɪətli/
安静地,悄悄地
speak quietly/do sth quietly,安静地说 / 悄悄做某事
sadly
/ˈsædli/
悲伤地,遗憾地
say sth sadly/sadly,悲伤地说 / 遗憾的是,消极情绪
seriously
/ˈsɪəriəsli/
严重地,严肃地
be seriously ill/take sth seriously,病得很重 / 认真对待某事
slowly
/ˈsləʊli/
缓慢地
do sth slowly,缓慢地做某事,动作方式描述
suddenly
/ˈsʌdənli/
突然地
suddenly,突然,突发情况叙事高频,句首 / 句中均可
willingly
/ˈwɪlɪŋli/
愿意地
do sth willingly,愿意地做某事,与 be willing to do 对应
hesitantly
/ˈhezɪtəntli/
迟疑地,踌躇地
speak hesitantly/act hesitantly,迟疑地说 / 做,犹豫的心理动作
gratefully
/ˈɡreɪtfəli/
感激地
thank sb gratefully,感激地感谢某人,与 grateful 对应
politely
/pəˈlaɪtli/
礼貌地
speak politely/ask politely,礼貌地说 / 询问,人际互动高频
(二)程度副词(强化语义,完形常考)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
completely
/kəmˈpliːtli/
完全地,彻底地
completely forget/change,完全忘记 / 彻底改变,强化程度
extremely
/ɪkˈstriːmli/
极其,非常
extremely difficult/happy,极其困难 / 非常快乐,程度副词,完形高频
greatly
/ˈɡreɪtli/
大大地,非常
greatly improve/influence,大大改善 / 极大影响,强化动作程度
hardly
/ˈhɑːdli/
几乎不
hardly believe/do sth,几乎不相信 / 做某事,否定副词
nearly
/ˈnɪəli/
几乎,差不多
nearly finish/succeed,几乎完成 / 成功,接近程度
quite
/kwaɪt/
相当,很
quite good/difficult,相当好 / 很困难,基础程度副词
really
/ˈriːəli/
真正地,非常
really happy/important,非常快乐 / 真正重要,口语化程度副词
simply
/ˈsɪmpli/
仅仅,只不过,简直
simply do sth/simply amazing,仅仅做某事 / 简直令人惊叹,多义高频
totally
/ˈtəʊtəli/
完全地
totally different/forget,完全不同 / 彻底忘记,与 completely 近义
very
/ˈveri/
非常
very good/tired,非常好 / 很累,最基础的程度副词
slightly
/ˈslaɪtli/
轻微地,稍微
slightly better/different,稍微好一点 / 略有不同,轻微程度
increasingly
/ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli/
越来越多地,不断地
increasingly difficult/popular,越来越困难 / 越来越流行,真题原搭配
(三)时间 / 频率副词(叙事时间线)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
already
/ɔːlˈredi/
已经
already do sth,已经做某事,完成时态高频
always
/ˈɔːlweɪz/
总是,一直
always do sth,总是做某事,频率副词
finally
/ˈfaɪnəli/
最后,终于
finally,最后 / 终于,叙事结尾 / 达成目标时高频
immediately
/ɪˈmiːdiətli/
立即,马上
do sth immediately,立即做某事,突发情况动作高频
eventually
/ɪˈventʃuəli/
最终,终于
eventually succeed/arrive,最终成功 / 到达,比 finally 更侧重 “经历过程后”
gradually
/ˈɡrædʒuəli/
逐渐地
gradually improve/change,逐渐改善 / 改变,心理 / 状态转变高频
soon
/suːn/
很快,不久
soon,很快,叙事中表 “即将发生”
then
/ðen/
然后,那时
then,然后 / 那时,叙事时间线基础副词
usually
/ˈjuːʒuəli/
通常
usually do sth,通常做某事,频率副词
occasionally
/əˈkeɪʒnəli/
偶尔,有时候
occasionally do sth,偶尔做某事,低频频率
frequently
/ˈfriːkwəntli/
频繁地,经常
frequently do sth,频繁做某事,高频频率
recently
/ˈriːsntli/
最近
recently,最近,完成时态高频时间副词
(四)逻辑 / 通用副词(解题关键)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
actually
/ˈæktʃuəli/
实际上,事实上
actually,实际上,表转折 / 纠正,完形高频
anyway
/ˈeniweɪ/
尽管如此,反正,无论如何
anyway,尽管如此,让步语境高频
besides
/bɪˈsaɪdz/
此外,而且
besides,此外,递进补充语境,真题高频
however
/haʊˈevə(r)/
然而,可是
however,然而,转折语境,完形最高频逻辑副词
therefore
/ˈðeəfɔː(r)/
因此,所以
therefore,因此,因果语境,次高频逻辑副词
instead
/ɪnˈsted/
代替,反而
instead,反而 / 代替,转折替代语境,真题高频
meanwhile
/ˈmiːnwaɪl/
与此同时,在此期间
meanwhile,与此同时,时间并行叙事,真题高频
otherwise
/ˈʌðəwaɪz/
否则,不然
otherwise,否则,条件转折语境
thus
/ðʌs/
因此,从而
thus,因此,正式因果副词,与 therefore 近义
clearly
/ˈklɪəli/
清楚地,显然
clearly,显然,表 “明显的事实”,逻辑副词
definitely
/ˈdefɪnətli/
确切地,肯定地
definitely do sth/yes,肯定做某事 / 当然,表确定
exactly
/ɪɡˈzæktli/
精确地,确切地,完全
exactly right/know exactly,完全正确 / 确切知道
probably
/ˈprɒbəbli/
大概,或许,很可能
probably do sth,很可能做某事,可能性推测
truly
/ˈtruːli/
真正地,真诚地
truly happy/believe,真正快乐 / 真诚相信
考点四 介词(短语)与逻辑连接词
介词 / 介词短语(固定搭配为主,无单独考查)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
a couple of
/ə ˈkʌpl ɒv/
一对,几个
后接可数名词复数,表 “少量”,完形高频
at hand
/æt hænd/
在手边,即将到来
sth is at hand,某物在手边 / 即将发生
at times
/æt taɪmz/
有时,偶尔
表频率,与 sometimes 近义
by accident
/baɪ ˈæksɪdənt/
偶然地,意外地
=by chance,突发情况语境,完形高频
in advance
/ɪn ədˈvɑːns/
提前
do sth in advance,提前做某事,计划语境
in danger
/ɪn ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/
处于危险中
sb/sth is in danger,人 / 物处于危险中
in trouble
/ɪn ˈtrʌbl/
处于困境中,有麻烦
sb is in trouble,某人陷入困境,基础搭配
in vain
/ɪn veɪn/
徒劳地,白白地
do sth in vain,徒劳做某事,挫折语境
in return
/ɪn rɪˈtɜːn/
作为回报
do sth in return,作为回报做某事,人际互动高频
in terms of
/ɪn tɜːmz ɒv/
就…… 而言,在…… 方面
表范围,正式语体
on average
/ɒn ˈævərɪdʒ/
平均
表平均水平,数据 / 情况描述
on sale
/ɒn seɪl/
廉价出售,上市
sth is on sale,某物打折 / 上市
on credit
/ɒn ˈkredɪt/
赊购
buy sth on credit,赊购某物,消费语境
for free
/fɔː friː/
免费
do sth for free/get sth for free,免费做 / 得到某物,公益语境高频
free of charge
/friː ɒv tʃɑːdʒ/
免费
与 for free 同义,更正式
from dawn to dusk
/frəm dɔːn tuː dʌsk/
从黎明到黄昏
表时间跨度,叙事场景
from then on
/frəm ðen ɒn/
从那时起
表时间起点,叙事时间线高频
in particular
/ɪn pəˈtɪkjələ(r)/
尤其,特别
表强调,突出重点
in place
/ɪn pleɪs/
恰当的,在适当的位置
sth is in place,某物在合适位置 / 做法恰当
in theory
/ɪn ˈθɪəri/
理论上
表 “理论层面”,与实际对比
逻辑连接词(完形解题关键,按逻辑关系分)
(一)转折对比(最高频,适配 “冲突”,天津卷必考)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
but
/bʌt/
但是,然而
最基础转折词,前后语义相反,完形必考
however
/haʊˈevə(r)/
然而,可是
句首用逗号隔开,转折语气比 but 强,真题最高频
yet
/jet/
然而,但是
可与 but 互换,表 “出乎意料的转折”
while
/waɪl/
然而,尽管,当…… 时
表对比 / 让步时为逻辑词,前后语义对立,真题高频
whereas
/weərˈæz/
然而,反之
正式转折词,表鲜明对比
instead
/ɪnˈsted/
反而,代替
表 “替代 / 相反的结果”,真题高频
on the contrary
/ɒn ðə ˈkɒntrəri/
相反地
表 “完全相反”,语气强烈
(二)因果关系(次高频,适配 “行为 - 结果”)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
because
/bɪˈkɒz/
因为
直接表原因,后接从句,基础因果词
so
/səʊ/
所以,因此
直接表结果,后接句子,基础因果词
therefore
/ˈðeəfɔː(r)/
因此,所以
正式表结果,句首用逗号隔开,真题次高频
thus
/ðʌs/
因此,从而
正式表结果,与 therefore 近义
hence
/hens/
因此,所以
更正式,多用于书面语
as a result
/æz ə rɪˈzʌlt/
结果,因此
表 “最终结果”,句首用逗号隔开,完形高频
for
/fɔː/
因为
补充说明原因,不能放句首,常考 “Why...? For...”
since
/sɪns/
既然,自从
表因果时意为 “既然”,后接从句;表时间意为 “自从”
as
/æz/
因为,当…… 时
表因果时语气弱,表 “显而易见的原因”
(三)递进补充(适配 “情节补充”)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
and
/ænd/
和,而且
基础递进词,前后语义同向
also
/ˈɔːlsəʊ/
也,此外
表补充,句中 / 句首均可
besides
/bɪˈsaɪdz/
此外,而且
表 “除此之外还有”,真题高频递进词
moreover
/mɔːrˈəʊvə(r)/
此外,而且
正式递进词,语气比 besides 强
furthermore
/ˈfɜːðəmɔː(r)/
此外,而且
与 moreover 近义,正式语体
in addition
/ɪn əˈdɪʃn/
另外,此外
表补充,句首用逗号隔开,与 besides 近义
what’s more
/wɒts mɔː(r)/
而且,更重要的是
口语化递进词,表 “递进且强调”
(四)让步关系(适配 “挫折中的坚持”)
英文
音标
中文
使用备注
though
/ðəʊ/
虽然,尽管,不过
可放句首 / 句末,句末时表 “不过”,真题高频
although
/ɔːlˈðəʊ/
虽然,尽管
放句首,不能与 but 连用,完形陷阱考点
even though
/ˈiːvn ðəʊ/
即使,纵然
让步语气比 although 强,表 “退一步说”
even if
/ˈiːvn ɪf/
即使,虽然
与 even though 近义,可互换
despite
/dɪˈspaɪt/
尽管,不管
后接名词 / 代词 /doing,正式语体
Passage 1
(25-26高三上·南开中学·十月质检)Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they 1 it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out 2 he were flying, his eyes wide with 3 . His trust in me is 4 which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of 5 .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets 6 , it will need more effort and sound judgment 7 . Trust is such an important part of a 8 relationship that it’s something that can’t 9 to lose. Every time I 10 Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels 11 in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt. 12 , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to 13 that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.
14 in the workplace, trust is important for strong 15 . It is something that every manager should work hard to 16 among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to 17 your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A 18 of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be 19 you their best. Good 20 , like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
1.A.deserve B.miss C.love D.know
2.A.as if B.in case C.even though D.so that
3.A.fear B.excitement C.doubt D.astonishment
4.A.reasonable B.limited C.absolute D.important
5.A.relief B.satisfaction C.achievement D.responsibility
6.A.older B.busier C.quieter D.healthier
7.A.on my behalf B.on my part C.in my honor D.in my name
8.A.long-distance B.high-risk C.parent-child D.teacher-student
9.A.afford B.choose C.wait D.expect
10.A.attach B.compare C.adjust D.introduce
11.A.safe B.happy C.proud D.grateful
12.A.Above all B.In addition C.At first D.For example
13.A.admit B.believe C.suggest D.imagine
14.A.However B.Therefore C.Similarly D.Fortunately
15.A.affection B.determination C.friendship D.leadership
16.A.assess B.organize C.develop D.understand
17.A.repeat B.follow C.change D.forget
18.A.gesture B.measure C.bond D.lack
19.A.telling B.giving C.selling D.sending
20.A.management B.personality C.communication D.education
【答案】CABCD ABCAD ADBCD CBDBA
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述作者和儿子杰基之间的亲子游戏,论述了信任在亲子关系以及工作中的重要性。
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:小孩子很容易被抛到空中并被接住——他们喜欢这样。A. deserve值得;B. miss错过;C. love喜爱;D. know知道。根据下文““Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again.(“再来一次,爸爸!再来一次!”杰基大声喊道,而我则将他高高抛起,然后在他落回地面的途中又接住了他)”可知,作者的儿子杰基喜欢玩这个游戏,因此此处指他们喜欢这样。故选C。
2.考查连词短语辨析。句意:他张开双臂和双腿,好像在飞翔,兴奋地睁大了眼睛。A. as if好像;B. in case万一;C. even though即使;D. so that以便。根据上文“He throws his arms and legs out”和下文“he were flying”可推知,杰基张开双臂和双腿,这样被作者抛起来的时候,他可以假装好像在飞翔。故选A。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他张开双臂和双腿,好像在飞翔,兴奋地睁大了眼睛。A. fear恐惧;B. excitement兴奋;C. doubt怀疑;D. astonishment惊讶。根据上文““Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again.(“再来一次,爸爸!再来一次!”杰基大声喊道,而我则将他高高抛起,然后在他落回地面的途中又接住了他)”可知,作者的儿子杰基喜欢玩这个游戏,因此他会兴奋地睁大眼睛。故选B。
4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他对我的信任是毋庸置疑的,这是一种非常好的感觉,但同时也给了我一种巨大的责任感。A. reasonable合理的;B. limited有限的;C. absolute无疑的;D. important重要的。根据下文“which is quite a nice feeling”可知,这是一种非常好的感觉,能让父亲产生这种感觉的应该是孩子毋庸置疑的信任。故选C。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他对我的信任是毋庸置疑的,这是一种非常好的感觉,但同时也给了我一种巨大的责任感。A. relief轻松;B. satisfaction满意;C. achievement成就;D. responsibility责任。根据上文“but”可知,此处有转折,孩子对父母全然的信任让父母在感到很棒的同时也会让父母有责任感,不能辜负孩子的信任。故选D。
6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我希望杰基永远都能完全信任我,但我深知,随着他年龄的增长,这需要我付出更多的努力,并且要有更明智的判断力。A. older更年长的;B. busier更忙碌的;C. quieter更安静的;D. healthier更健康的。根据后文“it will need more effort and sound judgment”可知,需要付出更多努力,有明智的判断力是因为儿子会逐渐长大,故选A。
7.考查介词短语辨析。句意:我希望杰基永远都能完全信任我,但我深知,随着他年龄的增长,这需要我付出更多的努力,并且要有更明智的判断力。A. on my behalf代表我;B. on my part我所做的;C. in my honor为了我的荣誉;D. in my name以我的名义。根据上文“it will need more effort and sound judgment”可推知,随着杰基长大,作者需要做的是付出更多努力和正确的判断。故选B。
8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分,我不能失去它。A. long-distance远距离的;B. high-risk高风险的;C. parent-child父子关系的;D. teacher-student师生的。根据上文“I hope Jacky will always trust me fully”可知,此处指作者和儿子的父子关系,故选C。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意:信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分,我不能失去它。A. afford承担得起;B. choose选择;C. wait等待;D. expect期待。根据上文“Trust is such an important part of a 8 relationship”可知,作者明白信任在亲子关系的重要性,表示自己承担不了失去它的损失,afford to do sth.意为“能够做某事”。故选A。
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:每次我向Jacky介绍新事物时,他都会去做,因为他相信我,知道自己不会受到伤害,他会感到安全。A. attach附属;B. compare比较;C. adjust调整;D. introduce介绍。根据下文“Jacky to something new”可推知,此处指作者给儿子介绍新事物。故选D。
11.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:每次我让杰基接触新事物时,他都会这么做,那是因为他信任我,并且深知自己不会受到伤害,所以才会放心地去尝试。A. safe安全的;B. happy快乐的;C. proud骄傲的;D. grateful感激的。根据下文“in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt”可知,杰基知道自己不会受到伤害,感到自己是安全的。故选A。
12.考查介词短语辨析。句意:例如,教杰基游泳意味着他必须相信,当他在大游泳池游泳时,如果他的狗爬式游泳没有成功,我会来救他。A. Above all首先;B. In addition此外;C. At first首先;D. For example例如。根据下文“teaching Jacky to swim”可推知,作者从上文的一般性论述,过渡到举出游泳的事例,来支撑自己的论述。故选D。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意:例如,教杰基游泳意味着他必须相信,当他在大泳池里游泳时,如果他采用狗刨式泳姿游不动了,我会去救他。A. admit承认;B. believe相信;C. suggest建议;D. imagine想象。根据后文“that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down”可知,儿子相信父亲会在自己游不动的时候来救自己。故选B。
14.考查副词词义辨析。句意:同样,在工作场所,信任对强大的领导很重要。A. However然而;B. Therefore因此;C. Similarly同样地;D. Fortunately幸运地。根据下文“in the workplace”可推知,作者从上文的亲子关系中的信任谈到工作中的信任,信任在两种情况中都很重要,两种情况相似,应用Similarly来过渡。故选C。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:同样,在工作场所,信任对强大的领导力很重要。A. affection情感;B. determination决心;C. friendship友谊;D. leadership领导力。根据下文“It is something that every manager should work hard to ____16____ among their team.”可知,此处谈经理应该做的事,因此信任对强大的领导力很重要。故选D。
16.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这是每个经理都应该努力在团队中培养的。A. assess评估;B. organize组织;C. develop培养;D. understand理解。句首的It指代前一句中的trust,结合常识可知,团队中的信任需要培养。故选C。
17.考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果人们不信任你,他们就不太可能听从你的指示,也不太可能愿意成为你的忠实团队成员。A. repeat重复;B. follow听从,跟随;C. change改变;D. forget忘记。根据后文“your directions”以及上文提到“every manager”可知,此处指员工听从经理的指示。故选B。
18.考查名词词义辨析。句意:缺乏信任会让别人反对你,而不是为你工作。A. gesture姿势;B. measure措施;C. bond联系;D. lack缺乏。根据下文“make people work against you rather than for you”可推知,缺乏信任会导致别人的反对,而非支持。故选D。
19.考查动词词义辨析。句意:至少这意味着人们不会再全力以赴地为你服务了。A. telling告诉;B. giving给予;C. selling出售;D. sending发送。根据后文“you their best”以及上文“A ____18____ of trust can make people work against you rather than for you.”可知,缺乏信任会让别人反对你,而不是为你工作,即意味着人们不会再全力以赴地为你服务了。短语give one’s best表示“全力以赴”。故选B。
20.考查名词词义辨析。句意:良好的管理,就像良好的育儿,是一个长期的投入。A. management管理;B. personality个性;C. communication沟通;D. education教育。根据上文“in the workplace”和“every manager”可推知,此处指的是工作中的管理。故选A。
Passage 2
(25-26高三上·天津滨海新·月考)Always believe in yourself no matter what happens. It is the 1 of life that is useful for everyone. I think that if people want to lead a happy life, they must believe in and 2 themselves. You never realize how easy your life becomes until you have 3 . If you say I can do this, you are likely to finish the task that you 4 .
I have already 5 with having trust in myself many times in my life. When I was nine, I began 6 piano lessons. I fought with the tasks such as completing a(n) 7 on the piano. I remembered that I got very 8 at that time because I had to play a song at a recital (演奏会) which was 9 soon. I had a piece that I needed to memorize. Coming home with a feeling of frustration and poor attitude, I was 10 about accomplishing this task. I sat at my piano and told myself that I would never get it 11 . I couldn’t help crying. My mother came to me and 12 me. She said, “Whatever you do, you should say I can. 13 when you believe you can, is nothing difficult for you.” Mother’s 14 showed me an important life lesson. I did end up finishing the piece and the recital went 15 . The important point is that you can accomplish anything you want to do if you believe yourself and 16 your best.
Now, when I become 17 in realizing the goal in life, I never give it up or think that I cannot do it. Always beginning with a 18 attitude, I sit down and tell myself that I can accomplish my goal if I put my 19 to it. I realize that I should have this attitude in everything I do. Believe that you can accomplish anything you 20 pains to do.
1.A.nature B.rule C.condition D.length
2.A.choose B.admire C.accept D.control
3.A.confidence B.ability C.power D.knowledge
4.A.long for B.make up C.care about D.take on
5.A.struggled B.dealt C.agreed D.gone
6.A.ordering B.getting C.bringing D.having
7.A.piece B.course C.operation D.application
8.A.strange B.happy C.nervous D.cool
9.A.approaching B.appearing C.staying D.developing
10.A.eager B.doubtful C.sure D.hopeful
11.A.across B.through C.out D.up
12.A.informed B.surprised C.encouraged D.blamed
13.A.Yet B.Even C.Exactly D.Only
14.A.ideas B.responsibility C.words D.performance
15.A.correctly B.smoothly C.carefully D.heavily
16.A.move B.show C.put D.try
17.A.pleased B.funny C.frustrated D.ashamed
18.A.free B.fresh C.polite D.positive
19.A.body B.mind C.fame D.fate
20.A.take B.use C.spare D.Make
【答案】BCADA DACAB BCDCB DCDBA
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者童年学习钢琴时遇到困难,在母亲“永远要说‘我能’”的鼓励下,他最终克服困难完成演奏,并将这种信念延续到人生各个阶段,始终坚持“只要相信自己并全力以赴,就能达成目标”的生活法则。
1.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是对每个人都有用的生活法则。A. nature自然;B. rule法则;C. condition条件;D. length长度。根据上文“Always believe in yourself no matter what happens.”可知,“无论发生什么,都要相信自己”是一种生活法则。故选B。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我认为,如果人们想过幸福的生活,他们必须相信和接受自己。A. choose选择;B. admire钦佩;C. accept接受;D. control控制。根据上文“they must believe in”和下文“themselves”可知,相信自己也意味着接受自己。故选C。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:你永远不会意识到你的生活变得多么容易,直到你有信心。A. confidence信心;B. ability能力;C. power力量;D. knowledge知识。根据上文“Always believe in yourself no matter what happens.”可知,作者强调要对自己有信心。故选A。
4.考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果你说“我能做到这一点”,你很可能完成你承担的任务。A. long for渴望;B. make up组成;C. care about关心;D. take on承担。根据上文“finish the task”可知,人们需要完成自己承担的任务。故选D。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在我的生活中,我已经多次为信任自己而挣扎。A. struggled挣扎;B. dealt处理;C. agreed同意;D. gone去。根据下文“Coming home with a feeling of frustration and poor attitude”可知,作者带着挫败感和糟糕的态度回到家,说明在怀疑自己的能力,因此是指为信任自己而挣扎。故选A。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我九岁时,我开始上钢琴课。A. ordering订购;B. getting得到;C. bringing带来;D. having进行。根据下文“piano lessons”可知,作者此时开始上钢琴课,短语have lessons意为“上课”。故选D。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我努力完成一些任务,比如完成一首钢琴作品。A. piece作品;B. course课程;C. operation操作;D. application申请。根据下文“I had a piece that I needed to memorize.”可知,作者需要完成一首钢琴作品,即弹奏一首钢琴曲。故选A。
8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我记得当时我非常紧张,因为我必须在即将到来的独奏会上演奏一首曲子。A. strange奇怪的;B. happy快乐的;C. nervous紧张的;D. cool凉爽的。根据下文“Coming home with a feeling of frustration and poor attitude”可知,作者带着挫败感和糟糕的态度回到家,说明完成任务很困难,因此会很紧张。故选C。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我记得当时我非常紧张,因为我必须在即将到来的独奏会上演奏一首曲子。A. approaching临近;B. appearing出现;C. staying停留;D. developing发展。根据上文“at a recital (演奏会)”和下文“soon”可知,演奏会即将到来。故选A。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:带着挫败感和糟糕的态度回到家,我怀疑是否能完成这项任务。A. eager渴望的;B. doubtful怀疑的;C. sure确定的;D. hopeful有希望的。根据上文“Coming home with a feeling of frustration and poor attitude”可知,作者带着挫败感和糟糕的态度回到家,因此是怀疑自己是否能完成这项任务。故选B。
11.考查动词短语辨析。句意:我坐在钢琴前,告诉自己我永远也不会完成它。A. (get) across传达,使理解;B. (get) through完成;C. (get) out泄露;D. (get) up起床。根据上文“I had to play a song at a recital (演奏会) which was ____9____ soon. I had a piece that I needed to memorize.”可知,作者需要在独奏会上演奏一首曲子,需要记住这首曲子,作者是觉得自己永远也不会完成这个任务。故选B。
12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的母亲来到我身边,鼓励我。A. informed告知;B. surprised使惊讶;C. encouraged鼓励;D. blamed责备。根据下文“Whatever you do, you should say I can.”可知,母亲告诉作者要说“我能”,这是在鼓励作者。故选C。
13.考查副词词义辨析。句意:只有当你相信你能做到的时候,对你来说就没有困难了。A. Yet然而;B. Even甚至;C. Exactly确切地;D. Only只有。根据下文“when you believe you can, is nothing difficult for you”可知,母亲强调只有作者相信自己能做到的时候,他才能克服困难,此处“only+状语从句”位于句首引起主句部分倒装。故选D。
14.考查名词词义辨析。句意:母亲的话给我上了重要的人生一课。A. ideas想法;B. responsibility责任;C. words话语;D. performance表现。根据上文“She said”可知,母亲说的话给作者上了重要的人生一课。故选C。
15.考查副词词义辨析。句意:我最终完成了这首作品,独奏会进行得很顺利。A. correctly正确地;B. smoothly顺利地;C. carefully小心地;D. heavily沉重地。根据上文“I did end up finishing the piece”可知,作者最终完成了这首作品,说明独奏会进行得很顺利。故选B。
16.考查动词词义辨析。句意:重要的一点是,如果你相信自己并尽了最大的努力,你就能完成任何你想做的事情。A. move移动;B. show展示;C. put放置;D. try尝试。根据上文“you can accomplish anything you want to do if you believe yourself”可知,完成任何想做的事情的前提是相信自己并尽了最大的努力,短语try one’s best意为“尽某人最大的努力”。故选D。
17.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:现在,当我在实现人生目标时感到沮丧时,我从不放弃或认为我做不到。A. pleased高兴的;B. funny有趣的;C. frustrated沮丧的;D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文“I never give it up or think that I cannot do it”可知,作者是在对实现人生目标时感到沮丧时,采取不放弃的做法和想法。故选C。
18.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我总是以积极的态度开始,坐下来告诉自己,如果我投入去做,我就能实现我的目标。A. free自由的;B. fresh新鲜的;C. polite礼貌的;D. positive积极的。根据下文“I sit down and tell myself that I can accomplish my goal”可知,作者坚信能实现自己的目标,因此是以积极的态度开始。故选D。
19.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我总是以积极的态度开始,坐下来告诉自己,如果我投入去做,我就能实现我的目标。A. body身体;B. mind头脑;C. fame名声;D. fate命运。根据上文“I can accomplish my goal”可知,能实现个人目标的前提是投入去做,短语put one’s mind to意为“全神贯注于,投入”。故选B。
20.考查动词词义辨析。句意:相信你能完成任何你努力去做的事情。A. take拿;B. use使用;C. spare节省;D. make制作。根据下文“pains to do”可知,短语take pains to do“尽力做某事,努力去做某事”符合语境,表示“能完成任何你努力去做的事情”。故选A。
Passage 3
(25-26高三上·南开期中)I was a successful math teacher in Turkey, working with junior high school students and then giving private lessons after school to gifted students. I 1 several medal-winning students for mathematical Olympiads, which were very important awards in Turkey. Teaching and helping others were always my 2 .
Then, in July 2017, my life was turned upside down. My family moved suddenly to the U.K. and I entered a world I knew only through the movies. I’m a talkative person but I could speak to nobody. Frankly speaking, it was like being a 3 again. I don’t want to remain in the balloon of a Turkish community abroad. I want to understand and contribute to my newly-moved 4 and I want to teach. One of my friends advised me to look into a special education program for English learning. I knew that learning English was the only way to 5 into the community and get back into 6 .
I excelled at each level and soon felt more 7 . My social life quickly 8 . I could talk again! Some of my Turkish friends were impressed and have since registered with the education program for their own English 9 .
The teacher assistant course was especially helpful. Due to the pandemic, the course was online, but it 10 my interest in the U.K. education system. I’m determined to work again in mainstream education or 11 my own tuition center. I am currently 12 Turkish family children and volunteering in schools. The 13 of watching young students progress makes the pain of relocation (搬迁) 14 .
My motivation comes from my own parents, who always 15 me to bring out my best. I think we should all desire to 16 every day, however small or big.
17 , I would like to thank Mrs. Nusrat Bhatti, my tutor at the program, who has always believed in me and coached my development. Her impact on my life cannot be overstated.
Winning this 18 gives me very amazing encouragement and strong motivation to follow my dreams. There are many other winners out there who 19 this award, so I feel fortunate to be chosen. My hope by winning this award is that I can 20 more women like me.
1.A.blamed B.prepared C.asked D.forgave
2.A.passions B.jobs C.headaches D.hobbies
3.A.fool B.teacher C.follower D.baby
4.A.work B.role C.country D.dream
5.A.dive B.integrate C.run D.rush
6.A.teaching B.talking C.living D.competing
7.A.uneasy B.confident C.lonely D.dependent
8.A.died B.disappeared C.improved D.rose
9.A.innovation B.literature C.courses D.grades
10.A.weakened B.fascinated C.calculated D.motivated
11.A.lock up B.clean up C.fix up D.set up
12.A.nursing B.tutoring C.replacing D.feeding
13.A.satisfaction B.process C.idea D.effort
14.A.turned up B.broke down C.fade away D.took off
15.A.warned B.encouraged C.forced D.allowed
16.A.succeed B.struggle C.progress D.learn
17.A.in brief B.in particular C.as a result D.in return
18.A.favor B.gift C.award D.reward
19.A.earn B.want C.need D.deserve
20.A.inspire B.surprise C.imitate D.excite
【答案】BADCB ABCCD DBACB CBCDA
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一位成功的数学老师从土耳其移民到英国后,克服语言障碍,通过努力学习英语和参与特殊教育项目,重新融入新环境并继续追求教育梦想的经历。
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我培养了几位在数学奥林匹克竞赛中获奖的学生,这些奖项在土耳其是非常重要的荣誉。A. blamed责备;B. prepared准备;C. asked问;D. forgave原谅。根据下文“several medal-winning students for mathematical Olympiads”可知,作者作为老师,是“培养”获奖学生,故选B。
2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:教学和帮助他人一直是我的热爱所在。A. passions热爱,激情;B. jobs
工作;C. headaches头痛;D. hobbies爱好。根据上文“I was a successful math teacher in Turkey, working with junior high school students and then giving private lessons after school to gifted students.”可知,前文提到作者是成功的数学老师,还额外辅导学生,说明“教学和助人”是她的“热爱”,而非普通爱好。故选A。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:坦率地说,这就像又回到了婴儿时代。A. fool傻瓜;B. teacher老师;C. follower跟随者;D. baby婴儿。根据上文“I’m a talkative person but I could speak to nobody. Frankly speaking, it was like being a”可知,作者是个健谈的人,但到了英国却无法与人交流,所以感觉又回到了婴儿时代。故选D。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我想了解并为我这个新搬来的国家做出贡献,我想教书。A. work工作;B. role角色;C. country国家;D. dream梦想。根据上文“My family moved suddenly to the U.K.”可知,作者一家搬到了英国,所以是想为这个新搬来的国家做出贡献。故选C。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我知道学习英语是融入社区并重新开始教学的唯一途径。A. dive潜水;B. integrate融入;C. run奔跑;D. rush冲。根据上文“I want to understand and contribute to my newly-moved”和后文“into the community”可知,此处指学习英语是融入社区的唯一途径。integrate into为固定搭配,意为“融入……”,符合“了解新国家、做出贡献”的语境,故选B。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我知道学习英语是融入社区并重新开始教学的唯一途径。A. teaching教学;B. talking谈话;C. living生活;D. competing竞争。根据上文“and I want to teach”可知,上文提到作者是数学老师,热爱教学,因此目标是“重返教学行业”。故选A。
7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我在每个阶段都表现出色,很快就变得更有信心了。A. uneasy不安的;B. confident自信的;C. lonely孤独的;D. dependent依赖的。根据上文“I excelled at each level and soon felt more”可知,作者在每个阶段都表现出色,所以很快就感到更加自信。故选B。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的社交生活很快得到了改善。A. died死亡;B. disappeared消失;C. improved改善;D. rose上升。根据下文“I could talk again!”可知,作者又能说话了,所以社交生活得到了改善。故选C。
9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我的一些土耳其朋友被打动了,后来也注册了这个教育项目来学习英语课程。A. innovation创新;B. literature文学;C. courses课程;D. grades成绩。根据上文“registered with the education program for their own English”可知,注册教育项目是为了学习英语课程。故选C。
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:由于疫情,课程是在线进行的,但这激发了我对英国教育体系的兴趣。A. weakened削弱;B. fascinated迷住;C. calculated计算;D. motivated激发。根据下文“my interest in the U.K. education system. I’m determined to work again in mainstream education or 11 my own tuition center”可知,作者决心重返主流教育行业,所以此处指在线课程激发了作者对英国教育体系的兴趣。故选D。
11.考查动词短语辨析。句意:我决心再次在主流教育机构工作或建立自己的辅导中心。A. lock up锁起来;B. clean up清理;C. fix up修理;D. set up建立。根据下文“my own tuition center”可知,指作者决定建立自己的辅导中心。故选D。
12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我目前正在辅导土耳其家庭的孩子,并在学校做志愿者。A. nursing护理;B. tutoring辅导;C. replacing取代;D. feeding喂养。根据上文“I’m determined to work again in mainstream education”和下文“Turkish family children”可知,作者决心再次在主流教育机构工作,所以此处指作者在辅导土耳其家庭的孩子。故选B。
13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:看着年轻学生进步的满足感让搬迁的痛苦逐渐消失。A. satisfaction满足;B. process过程;C. idea想法;D. effort努力。根据下文“of watching young students progress”可知,看着年轻学生进步,作者感到满足。故选A。
14.考查动词短语辨析。句意:看着年轻学生进步的满足感让搬迁的痛苦逐渐消失。A. turned up出现;B. broke down出故障;C. fade away逐渐消失;D. took off起飞。根据上文“The 13 of watching young students progress makes the pain of relocation”可知,看着年轻学生进步,作者感到满足,满足感会抵消搬迁的痛苦,让痛苦“渐渐消失”。故选C。
15.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我的动力来自我的父母,他们总是鼓励我发挥自己的最佳水平。A. warned警告;B. encouraged鼓励;C. forced强迫;D. allowed允许。根据上文“My motivation comes from my own parents”及下文“me to bring out my best”可知,作者的动力来自父母,所以此处指父母总是鼓励作者发挥自己的最佳水平。故选B。
16.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我认为我们都应该渴望每天进步,无论进步大小。A. succeed成功;B. struggle挣扎;C. progress进步;D. learn学习。根据下文“every day, however small or big”可知,作者从不会英语到融入社区、重返教育相关工作,体现了“进步”,此处是作者的感悟,作者认为大家都应渴望每天进步,无论进步大小。故选C。
17.考查介词短语辨析。句意:特别要感谢我在该项目的导师努斯拉特·巴蒂夫人,她一直相信我并指导我的发展。A. in brief总之;B. in particular特别;C. as a result结果;D. in return作为回报。根据下文“I would like to thank Mrs. Nusrat Bhatti, my tutor at the program, who has always believed in me and coached my development. Her impact on my life cannot be overstated”可知,下文专门感谢导师,用“特别”强调。故选B。
18.考查名词词义辨析。句意:赢得这个奖项给了我极大的鼓励和强烈的动力去追求我的梦想。A. favor帮助;B. gift礼物;C. award奖项;D. reward奖励。根据下文“There are many other winners out there who 19 this award”可知,还有很多其他获奖者应该得到这个奖项,所以此处指赢得奖项。故选C。
19.考查动词词义辨析。句意:还有很多其他获奖者应该得到这个奖项,所以能被选中我感到很幸运。A. earn赚得;B. want想要;C. need需要;D. deserve应得。根据上文“There are many other winners out there who”和下文“this award”可知,作者认为其他获奖者也“应得”这个奖项,体现谦逊。故选D。
20.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我希望通过赢得这个奖项,我能激励更多像我一样的女性。A. inspire激励;B. surprise使惊讶;C. imitate模仿;D. excite使兴奋。根据下文“more women like me”可知,作者从困境中重新振作,希望自己的经历能“激励”他人。故选A。
Passage 4
(25-26高三上·耀华中学·期中)Last summer, I was suffering from too much stress. I had just graduated from a challenging doctoral program and was 1 from the years of research. I took a vacation after graduation to 2 , but the academic intensity had become a habit and my brain couldn’t seem to 3 .
I vacationed on Mackinac Island in Michigan, where the 4 of life slows considerably. 5 , the clip-clop (咔哒声) of horses, the lack of cars and shops would have relaxed me, but I could not slow down—I was too tired, and 6 .
I took a day away from the crowds and sat on the beautiful back lawn of our hotel. I had my phone with me to 7 e-mails. I needed to 8 , but why couldn’t I?
A dragonfly buzzed around me. Those creatures are special to me because they are a(n) 9 of living in the present: they live most of their lives underwater as larvae (幼虫) and 10 with only months ahead to enjoy a colorful adulthood.
After a while, the dragonfly came to 11 on a blade (叶片) of grass in front of me. I 12 and saw colorful wings. I could have sworn that dragonfly looked at me and 13 . “It’s not a matter of relaxing,” it seemed to say, “It’s a matter of 14 the now. Life is so short. Be here in the moment and let the future 15 itself.”
Suddenly, I realized this beautiful creature that only had months to live reminded me of the 16 of life. I needed to slow down, I thought, to 17 from the persistent wind of life and just relax.
The dragonfly seemed satisfied that its message had been 18 so it sprang off my ankle and flew away.
Months later, I got my first and only tattoo — a dragonfly on my right ankle, letting what the dragonfly taught me 19 . Every time I see it, I take a breath and smile. It says, “Just 20 .”
1.A.benefited B.exhausted C.hidden D.thrilled
2.A.reflect B.investigate C.celebrate D.explore
3.A.take over B.shut off C.give out D.turn down
4.A.approach B.style C.track D.pace
5.A.Ordinarily B.Fortunately C.Consequently D.Ultimately
6.A.sensitive B.infected C.distracted D.dynamic
7.A.restore B.acquire C.cease D.check
8.A.adjust B.shift C.relax D.think
9.A.estimate B.measure C.guarantee D.symbol
10.A.emerge B.perform C.evolve D.suspend
11.A.angle B.rest C.exist D.load
12.A.watched out B.stood up C.look down D.step back
13.A.commented B.instructed C.amused D.communicated
14.A.experiencing B.appreciating C.underlining D.possessing
15.A.get rid of B.look forward to C.take care of D.get down to
16.A.value B.certainty C.mystery D.diversity
17.A.draw inspiration B.seek protection C.gain knowledge D.take shelter
18.A.created B.exchanged C.revealed D.delivered
19.A.sink in B.turn up C.come out D.set up
20.A.trust the instinct B.embrace the present C.rely on reason D.anticipate the future
【答案】BCBDA CDCDA BCDBC ADDAB
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者博士毕业后因长期压力无法放松,在度假时偶遇蜻蜓,从其短暂却专注当下的生命中获得启示,领悟到 “拥抱当下、放缓节奏” 的人生道理,并通过纹身铭记这一感悟。
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我刚刚从一个颇具挑战性的博士课程中毕业,多年来持续的研究让我身心俱疲。A. benefited受益;B. exhausted使疲惫;C. hidden隐藏;D. thrilled使激动。根据上文“Last summer, I was suffering from too much stress. I had just graduated from a challenging doctoral program”可知,作者承受巨大压力完成有挑战性的博士项目,结合后文“too tired”,可知此处指多年研究后感到疲惫,故选B。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:毕业之后我休了一段假来放松一下,但那种高强度的学习状态已经成了我的习惯,我的大脑似乎无法“停止运转”。A. reflect反思;B. investigate调查;C. celebrate庆祝;D. explore探索。根据上文“I took a vacation after graduation to”可知,“毕业后度假”的合理目的是庆祝毕业,故选C。
3.考查动词短语辨析。句意:毕业之后我休了一段假来放松一下,但那种高强度的学习状态已经成了我的习惯,我的大脑似乎无法“停止运转”。A. take over接管;B. shut off关闭;C. give out分发;D. turn down拒绝。根据上文“the academic intensity had become a habit and my brain couldn’t seem to”可知,前文说“学术强度已成为习惯”,转折后指大脑无法停止紧绷、放松下来。故选B。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我在密歇根州的马基诺岛度过了假期,那里的生活节奏明显放缓了。A. approach方法;B. style风格;C. track足迹;D. pace步速。后文“slows considerably”(大幅变慢)对应 “生活节奏”,固定搭配“the pace of life”,故选D。
5.考查副词词义辨析。句意:通常情况下,马蹄的哒哒声、没有汽车和商店的景象本应让我感到轻松,但此刻我却无法放慢脚步——我实在太累了,而且分心不已。A. Ordinarily通常;B. Fortunately幸运地;C. Consequently结果;D. Ultimately最后。后文“but I could not slow down”(但我无法放松)表转折,前文指“通常情况下,马蹄声、无车无商店的环境本应让我放松”,故选A。
6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:通常情况下,马蹄的哒哒声、没有汽车和商店的景象本应让我感到轻松,但此刻我却无法放慢脚步——我实在太累了,而且分心不已。A. sensitive敏感的;B. infected被感染的;C. distracted注意力分散的;D. dynamic动态的。根据后文“but I could not slow down — I was too tired, and”以及结合前文“无法放松”,此处指“我太累了,且容易分心”,符合“无法专注放松”的语境。故选C。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我随身带着手机以便查看邮件。A. restore恢复;B. acquire需要;C. cease停止;D. check检查。根据上文“I had my phone with me to”可知,带手机的目的是查看邮件,故选D。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我本想放松一下,可为什么我却无法放松呢?A. adjust适应;B. shift转换;C. relax放松;D. think思考。根据上文“the lack of cars and shops would have relaxed me”以及全文围绕“无法放松”展开,此处指“我需要放松,但为什么做不到?”与前文呼应,故选C。
9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这些生物对我来说意义非凡,因为它们象征着活在当下:它们一生中的大部分时间都在水下以幼虫的形式生活,然后仅在生命的最后几个月里才能享受充满色彩的成年时光。A. estimate估计;B. measure措施;C. guarantee保证;D. symbol象征。根据后文“of living in the present”可知,蜻蜓对作者有特殊意义,后文解释其“活在当下”的特性,故此处指蜻蜓是“活在当下”的象征,故选D。
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这些生物对我来说意义非凡,因为它们象征着活在当下:它们一生中的大部分时间都在水下以幼虫的形式生活,然后仅在生命的最后几个月里才能享受充满色彩的成年时光。A. emerge出现;B. perform表演;C. evolve进化;D. suspend暂停。根据上文“they live most of their lives underwater as larvae and”可知,蜻蜓幼虫在水下生活,成年后浮出水面,故选A。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意:过了一会儿,那只蜻蜓落在了我面前的一片草叶上,安静地停了下来。A. angle角度;B. rest休息,中止;C. exist存在;D. load负载。根据后文“on a blade of grass in front of me”可知,“on a blade of grass”(在一片草叶上),结合蜻蜓的动作,应为“停留”,故选B。
12.考查动词短语辨析。句意:我低头一看,只见那里有五颜六色的翅膀。A. watched out小心;B. stood up站起来;C. look down低头看;D. step back退后。根据上文“on a blade of grass in front of me”可知,蜻蜓停在面前的草叶上,作者需低头才能看清翅膀,故选C。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我当时确信那只蜻蜓是看我一眼后跟我进行了交流的。A. commented评论;B. instructed指示;C. amused娱乐;D. communicated交流。后文“It seemed to say”(它仿佛在说)表明作者感觉蜻蜓在与自己交流,故选D。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:它似乎在说:“这并非是放松的问题,而是在于珍惜当下。”A. experiencing经历;B. appreciating珍惜,感激;C. underlining在……下划线;D. possessing拥有。根据上文“of living in the present”可知,蜻蜓的启示是“活在当下”,即珍惜此刻,故选B。
15.考查动词短语辨析。句意:“活在当下吧,让未来自行处理好一切。”A. get rid of摆脱;B. look forward to期待;C. take care of照顾;D. get down to开始做。根据上文“Be here in the moment and let the future”可知,活在当下,让未来自行发展。故选C。
16.考查名词词义辨析。句意:突然,我意识到这只只剩下几个月寿命的美丽生物让我深刻领悟到了生命的可贵。A. value价值;B. certainty确定性;C. mystery神秘;D. diversity多样性。蜻蜓寿命短暂却珍惜当下,提醒作者“生命的价值”,与前文“活在当下”呼应,故选A。
17.考查动词短语辨析。句意:我需要放慢脚步,我想,以便躲避这持续不断的生活的狂风,然后好好放松一下。A. draw inspiration汲取灵感;B. seek protection寻求保护;C. gain knowledge获得知识;D. take shelter寻找庇护所。根据后文“from the persistent wind of life”(从生活持续的风雨中),对应 “躲避风雨”,“寻找庇护所”比喻远离压力,故选D。
18.考查动词词义辨析。句意:那只蜻蜓似乎很满意自己的信息已经传达成功,于是便从我的脚踝处飞离,飞走了。A. created创造;B. exchanged交换;C. revealed揭露;D. delivered递送。根据上文“The dragonfly seemed satisfied that its message had been”可知,“message had been delivered”指“信息已传递到位”,符合“蜻蜓的启示被作者理解”的语境,故选D。
19.考查动词短语辨析。句意:几个月后,我纹了人生中唯一的一次纹身——一只蜻蜓纹在了我的右脚踝上,以此来铭记那条蜻蜓所教给我的东西。A. sink in下沉;B. turn up出现;C. come out出版;D. set up建立。根据上文“I got my first and only tattoo”可知,作者纹身的目的是让蜻蜓的启示“深入人心”,故选A。
20.考查动词短语辨析。句意:上面写着:“只需把握当下。”A. trust the instinct相信直觉;B. embrace the present珍惜当下;C. rely on reason依靠理性;D. anticipate the future预测未来。根据上文“of living in the present”可知,全文核心是“活在当下”,纹身的意义的是提醒自己“拥抱当下”,与前文蜻蜓的启示完全呼应,故选B。
Passage 5
(25-26高三上·英华·质检一)For more than 25 years, Jan Karon has been delighting millions of readers with her bestselling Mitford series. At age 10 she knew 1 she was bound to be a writer. But it wasn’t until her mid-forties that she began chasing her childhood 2 . Was it too late?
“I kept 3 myself for two years,” Karon said. “I put everything — all my fears, my high expectations, my determination to make a right decision — into the journal.”
It took years, but when the 4 came, Karon had no 5 about it. She immediately 6 her house and moved to North Carolina to devote herself to writing with the money. However, she’d never 7 a novel before. It took months of 8 starts before she saw a figure of a teacher walking down the road, who eventually 9 Father Tim, the lead character in her series.
At first, she felt she was 10 to write such a novel. With just the lead character and settings in her mind, the 11 was just beginning, but her firm belief in writing kept her 12 . She began writing Father Tim’s story in the local paper. Two years later, she 13 the novel. And it took her another two and a half years to 14 a publisher. Karon’s first book was a surprising hit, which gave her a lot of 15 to continue writing.
But Karon wasn’t 16 with her present life and started to chase another career change, which involved her love of art. 17 , she showed no concern about starting over. Her perseverance gave her 18 that it’s never too late for anyone to chase their dream. “Each one of us has a talent. We come to the world with a packed 19 . What will you do with it is up to you, but age never 20 ,” Karon said.
1.A.naturally B.certainly C.frequently D.gradually
2.A.success B.story C.dream D.memory
3.A.teaching B.reviewing C.reminding D.recording
4.A.chance B.impression C.movement D.business
5.A.doubt B.thought C.reason D.regret
6.A.painted B.decorated C.bought D.sold
7.A.drafted B.written C.designed D.published
8.A.outstanding B.different C.unfruitful D.similar
9.A.visited B.helped C.missed D.became
10.A.unable B.unwilling C.unsuitable D.unsatisfactory
11.A.competition B.program C.adventure D.journey
12.A.smiling B.going C.imagining D.wondering
13.A.stopped B.quit C.finished D.created
14.A.interview B.sponsor C.find D.understand
15.A.admission B.encouragement C.respect D.reputation
16.A.satisfied B.concerned C.bored D.disappointed
17.A.Moreover B.Instead C.Therefore D.However
18.A.confidence B.eagerness C.fortune D.trust
19.A.wish B.life C.gift D.beauty
20.A.challenges B.matters C.exists D.Disappears
【答案】BCDAA DBCDA DBCCB ADACB
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。Jan Karon四十多岁才追逐写作梦想,克服无小说创作经验等困难,耗时多年推出《米特福德系列》并获成功,后又跨界艺术,证明追梦永远不晚。
1.考查副词词义辨析。句意:在10岁的时候,她就坚信自己一定会成为一名作家。A. naturally自然地;B. certainly无疑,肯定地;C. frequently频繁地;D. gradually逐渐地。根据后文“she was bound to be a writer”以及后文她追逐儿时的梦想可知在10岁的时候,她就坚信自己一定会成为一名作家。故选B。
2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但直到她四十多岁的时候,她才开始追寻自己儿时的梦想。A. success成功;B. story故事;C. dream梦想;D. memory记忆。根据上文“she began chasing her childhood”以及上文提到他10岁时就坚信会成为作家可知,此处指儿时的梦想。故选C。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“我连续两年都在记录。”Karon说道。A. teaching教学;B. reviewing复习;C. reminding记得;D. recording记录。根据后文“I put everything — all my fears, my high expectations, my determination to make a right decision — into the journal.(我把所有的事情——包括我的恐惧、我的过高期望以及我想要做出正确决定的决心——都写进了日记里)”可知,她一直在记录自己。故选D。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:历经多年努力,机会终于来临之时,Karon对此毫无犹豫。A. chance机会;B. impression印象;C. movement移动;D. business生意。根据后文“her house and moved to North Carolina to devote herself to writing with the money”可知,全身心投入是因为机会来临了,她紧紧把握。故选A。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意:历经多年努力,机会终于来临之时,Karon对此毫无犹豫。A. doubt怀疑;B. thought想法;C. reason理由;D. regret后悔。根据后文“her house and moved to North Carolina to devote herself to writing with the money”可知,机会终于来临之时,Karon对此毫无犹豫,采取了行动。故选A。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她随即卖掉了自己的房子,搬到了北卡罗来纳州,用这笔钱全身心投入到写作中。A. painted绘画;B. decorated装饰;C. bought购买;D. sold出售。根据后文“her house and moved to North Carolina”可知,她卖掉了房子,搬到了北卡罗来纳州,故选D。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,她此前从未写过小说。A. drafted设计;B. written写;C. designed设计;D. published出版。根据后文“a novel”以及“write such a novel”可知,此处指写小说。故选B。
8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:经过数月毫无进展的尝试之后,她才看到一位老师的身影正沿着道路走来,而这位老师最终成为了她系列故事中的主角——蒂姆神父。A. outstanding出色的;B. different不同的;C. unfruitful无效果的;D. similar相似的。根据后文“Father Tim, the lead character in her series”可知,看到老师才有了故事的主角,说明之前的进展毫无结果。故选C。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意:经过数月毫无进展的尝试之后,她才看到一位老师的身影正沿着道路走来,而这位老师最终成为了她系列故事中的主角——蒂姆神父。A. visited拜访;B. helped帮助;C. missed错过;D. became成为。根据后文“Father Tim, the lead character in her series”可知,指这位老师最终成为了她系列故事中的主角——蒂姆神父。故选D。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:起初,她觉得自己根本无法写出这样一部小说。A. unable不能的;B. unwilling不愿意的;C. unsuitable不合适的;D. unsatisfactory不令人满意的。根据后文“to write such a novel”以及上文提到写作不顺利,可知起初,她觉得自己根本无法写出这样一部小说。故选A。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意:仅仅在脑海中构想了主角和场景之后,这段旅程就已经拉开了序幕,但她对写作的坚定信念让她继续前行。A. competition比赛;B. program项目;C. adventure冒险;D. journey旅程。根据后文“was just beginning”以及上文“With just the lead character and settings in her mind”可知,有了主角和场景以后,她开始了自己的写作旅程。故选D。
12.考查动词词义辨析。句意:仅仅在脑海中构想了主角和场景之后,这段旅程就已经拉开了序幕,但她对写作的坚定信念让她继续前行。A. smiling微笑;B. going前进,去;C. imagining想象;D. wondering想知道。根据后文“She began writing Father Tim’s story in the local paper.(她开始在当地的报纸上撰写蒂姆神父的故事)”可知,她对写作的坚定信念让她继续前行。故选B。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意:两年后,她终于完成了这部小说。A. stopped停止;B. quit停止;C. finished完成;D. created创造。根据后文“And it took her another two and a half years to 14 a publisher.”可知,开始找出版社,说明小说完成了。故选C。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她又花了两年半的时间才找到出版社。A. interview采访;B. sponsor赞助;C. find找到;D. understand理解。根据上文“And it took her another two and a half years to”以及后文“publisher”可知,此处指花时间找出版社出版自己的小说。故选C。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Karon的第一本书取得了出人意料的成功,这给了她继续写作的极大鼓励。A. admission承认;B. encouragement鼓励;C. respect尊重;D. reputation名誉。根据上文“Karon’s first book was a surprising hit”以及后文“to continue writing”可知,第一本书的成功给了她继续写作的极大鼓励。故选B。
16.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但Karon并不满意她目前的生活,于是开始寻求另一次职业转变,这次转变与她对艺术的热爱有关。A. satisfied满意的;B. concerned担心的;C. bored厌倦的;D. disappointed失望的。根据后文“with her present life and started to chase another career change”可知,寻求职业转变是因为不满意目前的生活。故选A。
17.考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,她对于重新开始这件事却毫不在意。A. Moreover此外;B. Instead反而;C. Therefore因此;D. However然而。根据后文“she showed no concern about starting over”可知,后文与上文寻求职业转变构成转折关系,用however。故选D。
18.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她的坚持不懈让她坚信,对于任何人来说,追逐梦想都永远不会太晚。A. confidence自信;B. eagerness渴望;C. fortune运气;D. trust信任。根据上文“ she showed no concern about starting over”和后文“that it’s never too late for anyone to chase their dream”可知,她不惧重新开始,坚信对于任何人来说,追逐梦想都永远不会太晚。故选A。
19.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们来到这个世界时,身上带着一份精心准备的天赋。A. wish希望;B. life生活;C. gift天赋,礼物;D. beauty美丽。根据上文“Each one of us has a talent.(每个人都有天赋)”可知,此处指每个人来到世界上都带着天赋。故选C。
20.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“你打算如何处置它就由你决定吧,但年龄从来都不重要。”Karon说道。A. challenges挑战;B. matters重要;C. exists存在;D. disappears消失。根据上文“What will you do with it is up to you, but age never”可知,重要的是如何利用自己的天赋,年龄并不重要,but表示转折关系,故选B。
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