专题18 阅读表达 （特殊疑问句）：要素分析师，锁定并提炼关键（复习讲义）（湖南专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦“阅读表达（特殊疑问句）”专题，覆盖中考核心考点，包括细节理解、归纳概括及半开放性问题，按“考情剖析-考点突破-题型通关-优题精选”架构组织，通过疑问词专项训练、信息定位方法指导和真题典例讲解，帮助学生系统突破解题难点。 亮点在于“双向逻辑重构”教学策略，如通过“六何追问法”培养信息提取能力，结合典例分析强化时态一致、人称转换原则，半开放性问题模板提升语言表达。融入语言能力和思维品质培养，设三级分层练习及限时测试，助力教师精准把控复习节奏，有效提升学生应考能力。

专题18 阅读表达 （特殊疑问句） 目录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 4 03·题型通关·靶向突破 4 考点一 题型破解 4 一、题型特点 4 考点二 解题要点 6 一、特殊疑问句类型 6 二、反义疑问句类型 9 三、选择疑问句类型 11 04·优题精选·练能提分 14 题型 考查形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 知识运用之阅读表达 □选择题 ☑非选择题 湖南省卷：56；57；58；59 长沙卷：56；57；59；60 湖南省卷：56；57；58 长沙卷：57；58；59 ；60 张家界；怀化；郴州；衡阳；株洲卷阅读表达均有考察特殊疑问句；反义疑问句 长沙卷：41；42；43；44；45 考情分析 特殊疑问句是湖南中考“阅读表达”题型中的绝对主力。从近三年的真题来看，每篇阅读表达材料通常设置3至5道特殊疑问句题目，在全篇题目中占比高达百分之六十至八十，是决定学生该题型得分的关键。这类试题系统性地考查学生的多重能力：首先是信息提取能力，即能否根据不同的疑问词准确锁定文中的特定信息；其次是信息整合能力，对于答案分散在文中多处的问题，能否进行归纳汇总；再次是观点归纳能力，例如要求概括人物品质或事件意义的问题；最后是语言组织能力，能否用符合语法规范的完整句子进行作答。 从疑问词的考查分布来看，what引导的问题出现频率最高，其次是how和why，再次是when和where，而who以及how many、how long等则相对考查较少。这种分布规律反映出命题者侧重考查学生对事物本身、方式方法和原因理由的理解，而对时间和地点等表层信息的考查相对基础。 近三年特殊疑问句的命题呈现出三个显著特点。第一个特点是细节理解题占据主流地位。这类问题直接对应原文中的明确信息，答案具有唯一性。例如2024年湖南卷提问“Where is Ms. Yang from?”，学生可以直接从文章首段“from a small village in Hunan”定位答案；又如2023年怀化卷提问“Where is the forest library?”，原文明确告知“near Shanghai Library East”。这类题目主要考查学生快速定位信息的能力。 第二个特点是归纳概括题逐渐成为命题新趋势。这类问题需要学生整合文中多处信息或提炼全文主旨，体现了对学生思维进阶的要求。例如2024年长沙卷提问“What‘s the passage about?”，学生需要通读全文，概括出“how music influenced David's life”这一核心主旨；又如2023年株洲卷提问“What can you learn from Yang?”，学生需要从邮递员杨振贵的多年坚守中，提炼出坚定、耐心、执着、勤奋等品质。这类题目不仅考查阅读理解，更考查思维提炼能力。 第三个特点是半开放性问题崭露头角。这类问题在要求学生理解文本的基础上，进一步表达个人观点。例如2024年湖南卷提问“Do you want to learn Xiang embroidery this summer holiday？ Why?”，学生需要先明确个人态度，再给出合理理由；2025年湖南卷提问“What new things will you try after reading Jeff's story？ Why?”，要求学生结合文本故事谈个人打算。这类题目将阅读理解与个性表达有机结合，体现了核心素养导向。 从核心素养的角度审视，特殊疑问句的考查全面呼应了新课标的要求。在语言能力方面，考查学生理解疑问词功能、准确提取信息、规范组织语言的能力；在文化意识方面，通过文本内容让学生理解湘绣、曾子杀彘、太极文化等中外文化元素；在思维品质方面，通过归纳概括和观点评价类问题，培养学生的逻辑思维和批判性思维；在学习能力方面，通过人物故事的启发，引导学生反思自身学习。 命题预测及备考建议 基于近三年的命题规律，对2026年湖南中考特殊疑问句的考查趋势做出以下预测。 首先，题型结构将保持稳定，特殊疑问句仍将占据阅读表达的主体地位，每篇材料设题数量维持在四题左右。其次，思维层次的考查将更加深入，归纳概括类问题的比例可能进一步提升，例如“What can we learn from the story？”这类需要提炼主旨和寓意的问题将更加常见。同时，观点评价类问题将更趋开放，要求学生不仅要表达观点，还要结合文本内容阐述理由。 在文本选材方面，文化内涵将更加突出。命题者会继续选用体现中华优秀传统文化的故事，如2023年的曾子杀彘，以及反映时代楷模精神的记叙文，如2023年郴州的乡村教师程峰的故事。这些文本既考查语言能力，又发挥育人功能。翻译题将继续保留，所选句子将更具思想性和教育意义，考查学生对文化意象的理解和中文表达能力。 基于以上分析，针对2026年中考备考，提出以下具体建议。 第一，开展疑问词专项训练。可以引导学生运用“六何追问法”，即在阅读时自主提问when、where、who、what、why、how，预判可能考查的点位。 第二，强化信息定位速度训练。训练学生养成圈画问题关键词的习惯，如人名、时间、地点、核心动词等，然后带着关键词快速回归原文定位。 第三，落实规范作答训练。强调必须用完整句子作答，注意保持主语一致和时态一致。例如当问题为“When did Jeff begin to learn Chinese？”时，答案应为“He began to learn Chinese in March 2019.”，而非仅给出时间短语。 第四，着力培养归纳概括能力。 第五，系统准备开放性试题。为学生提供观点表达的常用句型模板，如“I think... because...”、“I will... because...”、“In my opinion， ... The reason is that...”。同时强调开放性回答必须与文本内容建立联系，不能脱离文本空谈个人想法。 考点一 题型破解 一、题型本质定位 在阅读表达题型中，对疑问句的考查，本质上是对学生“语篇逻辑理解能力”与“问答交际构建能力”的综合检验。学生需要扮演“对话重构师”的角色，不仅要读懂文本说了什么，更要能理解文本背后隐含的问答逻辑——即作者正在回答什么问题，或者某个提问应该对应什么答案。 疑问句的解题，不是孤立的语法练习，而是对完整语篇交际功能的还原。 二、读者角色设定 学生需要化身为 “逻辑侦探” ，在文本与问题之间建立双向的逻辑通道： · 由问到答时：顺着疑问词的指引，在文本中追踪目标信息，完成从“提问”到“答案”的信息闭环。 · 由答到问时：根据答句提供的信息焦点，逆向推导提问的核心意图，完成从“答案”到“提问”的逻辑重构。 三、核心思维过程：双向驱动的逻辑重构 解题是一个“由外向内”和“由内向外”双向驱动的逻辑推理过程，其核心在于 “问答之间的逻辑咬合”。 1. 由问到答：疑问词驱动的信息定位 · 破译疑问词：每个疑问词都是一个“信息探测器”，指向特定的信息类别（时间、地点、人物、原因、方式、是非立场、选择范围）。 · 追踪信息源：带着探测器在文本中扫描，锁定包含该类别信息的原始语句。 · 重组语言形式：将原始信息按照提问的语法要求进行重组，确保人称、时态、语态与提问完全一致。 2. 由答到问：答案驱动的意图重构 · 分析答案焦点：观察答句提供了什么类型的“新信息”（是具体事实，还是是非判断，或是两者选一）。 · 反推提问意图：根据答案焦点，推断提问者想探究的“未知领域”。 · 匹配疑问形式：选择合适的疑问词或疑问结构，使提问能够恰好覆盖答案提供的所有信息。 四、答案特征：语篇逻辑链上的“精准咬合” 无论是何种疑问句，答案都具有两个共同特征： 1. 逻辑必然性 答案不是任意一个语法正确的句子，而是在特定语篇上下文中，与上文提问和下文信息唯一匹配的逻辑节点。它必须： · 直接回应提问的核心诉求（是非立场、具体信息、选择决策） · 与原文信息完全一致（不能主观臆断） · 在语境中具有不可替代性 2. 结构一致性 答案与提问之间必须保持语法层面的完全同步： · 时态一致：提问用什么时态，答案用什么时态 · 人称一致：注意第一人称与第三人称的转换 · 指代一致：代词指代对象必须清晰无误 · 句式匹配：一般疑问句以Yes/No开头，特殊疑问句提供具体信息，选择疑问句在限定范围内作答 五、破题关键：三类信息的精准把握 无论面对哪种疑问句，解题的核心在于对以下三类信息的准确把握： 1. 疑问信息 · 识别疑问词或疑问结构传达的“信息诉求” · 明确提问者想知道什么（是/否？具体事实？哪个选项？） 2. 文本信息 · 在原文中定位与提问诉求相关的信息句 · 理解该信息句在上下文中的准确含义 3. 语言信息 · 确保答案的语法形式与提问完美匹配 · 完成必要的人称、时态转换 考点二 解题要点 特殊疑问句类型 一、解题核心 作为获取语篇具体信息的核心手段，特殊疑问句的解题核心在于精准识别疑问词指向的信息类别，并在原文中定位对应信息，最后按照语法规范重组答案。答案的本质是对提问者“未知信息”的准确填补，实现问答之间的信息闭环。 二、解题步骤 1. 析问句，定疑问指向：仔细阅读问句，识别疑问词（what/when/where/who/why/how等），明确提问者想要获取的信息类别——是时间、地点、人物、原因、方式还是事物本身。这是定位信息的导航标。 2. 回原文，找对应信息：带着疑问词的指向返回原文，扫描锁定包含该类信息的原始语句。注意信息可能分散在多处，需要综合提取；也可能需要从上下文推断。 3. 组答案，验语法规范：将提取的信息组织成完整句子。检查人称是否需要转换（如原文用I，回答需用he/she），时态是否与问句保持一致，信息是否完整回应了提问诉求。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项/陷阱 信息匹配原则 答案提供的信息类别必须与疑问词严格对应。 问When只答时间，问Why只答原因，问How只答方式。锁定疑问词即锁定信息类别。 类别错位：问原因“Why did he cry?”答时间“At 5 p.m.”；问方式“How did he go?”答交通工具名称却不说“By bus”。 人称转换原则 答案中的人称必须根据提问角度进行转换，不能照抄原文。 原文用I/we，问句问the writer/they，回答用he/she/they。原文用you，需根据上下文判断具体指代。 照抄原文：原文“I think it's good.”，问“What does the writer think?”，答“I think it's good.”（正确应为“He/She thinks it's good.”）。 时态一致原则 答案的时态必须与问句的时态完全一致。 问句用过去时，答案谓语动词用过去式；问句用现在完成时，答案用has/have done。 时态混乱：问“What did he do yesterday?”，答“He goes to the park.”（正确应为“He went to the park.”）。 完整作答原则 答案必须用完整句子呈现，不能仅用短语。 问“When did he leave?”，答“He left at 8 a.m.”而非仅“At 8 a.m.”。 答案残缺：仅写时间短语、地点短语，缺少主语和谓语，导致句子结构不完整。 【典例1-1】 My mother worked as a cleaner in our school when I was in the middle school. At that time she was such an embarrassment (难堪) to me not only because of her job but also her look. She had only one eye. Every time I saw her in my school, I pretended not to see her and ran away. After graduating, I got a good job in another city. Then I got married and had two kids. I told my family that my parents had been dead, so they never saw my mother, even her photo. But one year later, I got a letter. It read:My dear son Bill, I’m sorry to trouble you, but I really miss you all the time. I’m afraid that I will have no chance to see you again. I’m sorry that I was always an embarrassment to you when you were growing up. However, I had no choice. When you were very young, you got into an accident and lost your eye. As a mother, I couldn’t stand that you would have to grow up with one eye. So I… I was proud of my son who was enjoying his beautiful world for me with that eye. With all my love to you! Mom After reading the letter, I couldn’t help crying… 1．What was Bill’s mother’s job when he was in the middle school? 2．Why did Bill feel embarrassed? 3．Who got into an accident, Bill or his mother? 4．What did Bill’s mother do to Bill after the accident? 【答案】 1．A cleaner. 2．Because of his mother’s job and her look. 3．Bill. 4．She donated/gave her eye to Bill. 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Bill因为母亲的职业和外貌感到难堪，后来通过母亲的信得知母亲为了他牺牲了自己的眼睛的故事。 1．根据“My mother worked as a cleaner in our school when I was in the middle school.”可知，Bill的母亲在他中学时是一名清洁工。故填A cleaner. 2．根据“At that time she was such an embarrassment to me not only because of her job but also her look.”可知，Bill感到难堪是因为母亲的职业和外貌。故填Because of his mother’s job and her look. 3．根据母亲写给Bill的信“When you were very young, you got into an accident and lost your eye.”可知，是Bill遭遇了事故。故填Bill. 4．根据“As a mother, I couldn’t stand that you would have to grow up with one eye. So I...”以及后文“I was proud of my son who was enjoying his beautiful world for me with that eye.”可推断，母亲不忍Bill用一只眼睛长大，于是她将自己的眼睛给了Bill。故填She donated/gave her eye to Bill. 【迁移运用1-1】 For centuries, China has been known as a state of manners. There were many greeting manners in ancient China. And the fist-and-palm salute was quite a classic example. Today, although Chinese people usually shake hands when meeting friends and relatives, people still make fist-and-palm salutes when they are paying a visit to someone during the Spring Festival or attending someone’s celebrations or birthday receptions. The fist-and-palm salute can go back more than 3,000 years ago. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, people had already performed it when meeting friends. In ancient times, if people met a stranger, they would like to prepare for a fight if necessary, and their hands were always ready for holding any weapon (武器). Holding hands together and pointing towards themselves was a gesture of saying “relax”— they came in peace and they were not here to pick a fight. Later, it became the manner when people met each other or showed thanks. So, how should people do the fist-and-palm salute properly? To start with, stand straight. If you’re a man, make a half fist with your right hand, then hold the right hand with your left hand in front of your heart, look at the person, raise both hands to the eyebrows (眉毛), bow without shaking, and do it gently three times. At the same time, you can also say some lucky greeting words. If you’re a woman, you should do it using the opposite hand position. As a valuable part of Chinese culture, the fist-and-palm salute not only carries the wisdom of harmony (和谐) from ancient times but also connects people’s truthful greetings today. It reminds us to value and pass on these time-honored traditions, letting the spirit of traditional custom shine through daily interactions. 1．When do Chinese people still make fist-and-palm salutes today? 2．What did the fist-and-palm salute mean in ancient China? 3．What is the first requirement when doing the fist-and-palm salute properly? 4．How should a woman hold her hands when doing the fist-and-palm salute? 反义疑问句类型 一、解题核心 作为对已知信息进行求证的手段，反义疑问句的解题核心在于剥离反问部分的干扰，只依据文本事实做出是非判断。答案的本质不是对反问形式的回应，而是对陈述部分事实的真实映射，必须遵循“事实为真用Yes，事实为假用No”的铁律。 二、解题步骤 1. 析问句，定陈述事实：忽略反问部分，只关注陈述部分的内容。明确陈述句表达了什么事实（如“He didn't go to school”或“It is a nice day”）。这是判断的起点。 2. 回原文，找事实依据：返回原文，查找与陈述部分相关的事实信息。判断原文内容是否支持陈述部分的说法——是支持、反对，还是未提及（未提及通常按不支持处理）。 3. 组答案，验事实逻辑：根据原文依据，以“Yes/No”开头组织答案。事实成立用“Yes + 肯定结构”，事实不成立用“No + 否定结构”。确保答案与原文事实完全一致。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项/陷阱 事实优先 答案只由原文事实决定，完全不受反问部分形式干扰。 无论反问部分是肯定还是否定，只看陈述部分在原文中是否成立。成立则Yes，不成立则No。 反问干扰：问“He didn't go, did he?”（事实是他没去），受反问部分did误导答“Yes, he did.”（正确应为“No, he didn't.”）。 英式思维 遵循英语“按事实回答”的逻辑，而非汉语“按问题回答”的习惯。 英语中，事实为否定就用No，无论问题如何表述；汉语可能顺着问题答“对，他没去”。 中式思维：问“Isn't it beautiful?”（事实是美），按汉语习惯答“是的，很美”，英语却要答“Yes, it is.”。 前后呼应 答案的简短回答部分（Yes/No + 主语 + 助动词）必须与陈述部分的时态、人称完全匹配。 陈述部分用did，简短回答用did/didn't；陈述部分用is，简短回答用is/isn't。主语保持一致。 主谓断裂：问“The children enjoyed it, didn't they?”，答“Yes, he did.”（人称错误，应为“Yes, they did.”）。 忽略反问 解题过程中彻底屏蔽反问部分，将其视为干扰信息。 读到反义疑问句时，先用括号把反问部分括起来不看，只分析陈述部分。 双重干扰：既受反问部分影响，又试图分析反问部分的语法，导致思维混乱。 【典例2-1】 Social media, in particular, has a big effect on culture. Platforms like TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube allow teenagers to share videos, photos, and ideas with people around the world. This can make cultural fashion spread very quickly. While this can be exciting, it also means that traditional customs and local cultures may be forgotten if people focus only on global fashion. Moreover, some people worry that excessive online influence may make young people accept foreign habits without understanding their basis. Even so, modern influences are not always negative. They can help people understand and enjoy other cultures. By learning about different countries through technology and media, young people can develop more open minds and respect for diversity. At the same time, they can mix traditional and modern ideas to create new ways of celebrating culture. For instance, some schools now combine local festivals with global online fashion, making celebrations more attractive and educational. 1. Modern influences are not always negative, are they? 【答案】No, they aren’t. 【解析】根据“Even so, modern influences are not always negative.”可知，现代影响不总是负面的，答案是否定回答。故填No, they aren’t. 【迁移运用2-1】 Tess had been in bed with the flu for nearly a week. She was tired of feeling sick and achy. On Friday, Tess’s mom had to go back to work, so Tess’s grandmother, Nonnie, was coming to stay with her for the day. Tess waited impatiently for Grandma to arrive, hoping she would bring some homemade peach ice cream. Finally, she heard voices downstairs. 1. Tess was tired of being ill, wasn’t she? 选择疑问句类型 一、解题核心 作为在限定范围内进行选择的提问方式，选择疑问句的解题核心在于明确选项范围，通过原文信息比对做出唯一选择。答案的本质是在or连接的A与B之间，选出与原文信息匹配的那一个，不能自创选项，也不能两者都选。 二、解题步骤 1. 析问句，定选项范围：仔细阅读问句，识别or连接的两个（或多个）选项，明确选择的边界。选项A是什么，选项B是什么，必须清晰界定。 2. 回原文，找信息比对：带着A和B两个选项返回原文，查找与两者相关的信息。可能出现三种情况：文中明确支持A、明确支持B、A和B都有提及但需结合上下文判断。 3. 组答案，验唯一决策：根据比对结果，在A和B中选出唯一答案。可以直接给出选项内容，也可以用完整句子作答。确保答案在选项范围内且有原文依据。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项/陷阱 范围限定 答案必须严格限定在or连接的选项之内，不得超出。 问“Does he like tea or coffee?”，答案只能是tea或coffee，不能答milk或juice。 自创选项：问“Is it red or blue?”，答“It's green.”（原文未提及绿色，属于无依据自创）。 排他性 正确答案具有排他性，除非题目明确允许多选，否则只能选一个。 文中同时提到A和B时，需判断上下文侧重或提问具体指向，选出唯一匹配项。 两者都选：问“Does he like tea or coffee?”（文中只说他喜欢茶），答“Both.”（与原文不符）。 信息比对 选择必须建立在充分的原文信息比对基础上，不能凭常识或猜测。 将A和B分别与原文对照，哪个有直接依据就选哪个；两者都有依据时，看问题具体问什么。 脱离文本：问“Is the library open at 8 or 9?”（文中说8点开门），凭常识猜“9点”导致错误。 直接回应 答案直接给出所选选项即可，无需额外解释或补充。 可以直接答“Tea.”，也可以用完整句子“He likes tea.”。但不要添加原文没有的比较或评价。 画蛇添足：问“Tea or coffee?”，答“Tea, because it's healthier.”（添加了原文没有的原因）。 【典例3-1】 Chogori (乔戈里峰) stands on the China-Pakistan border (边界). Chogori is from the Tajik language; it means “high, great and magnificent (壮丽)”. Internationally, it is better known as K2. Chogori is about 8,611 meters high, and it is the second highest mountain in the world. And Chogori is not Qomolangma. Chogori is a steeper (更陡峭的) and more dangerous peak (山峰). In fact, it is the most difficult peak to reach in the world. The first two people to reach the top of Chogori—Lino Lacedelli and Achille Compagnoni from Italy did it in 1954. In 1986, the first woman did it too. Since 1954, no more than 350 people have reached the top, and 49 others have been killed (However, Qomolangma has been reached 3,000 times and only 15 climbers lost their lives). Of all the over 8,000-meter-high peaks, it has the highest death rate. 1. Which is more difficult and dangerous to reach, Qomolangma or Chogori? 【答案】Chogori. 【解析】根据文章第二段“And Chogori is not Qomolangma. Chogori is a steeper (更陡峭的) and more dangerous peak (山峰). In fact, it is the most difficult peak to reach in the world.”以及后文将乔戈里峰与珠穆朗玛峰的攀登人数和死亡人数进行对比，可知乔戈里峰比珠穆朗玛峰更难攀登且更危险。故填Chogori. 【迁移运用3-1】 The English people usually greet (问候) each other by talking about the weather, while we Chinese people like to greet with the sentence “Have you eaten your meal?”. This shows that food culture is important in our daily life. China has many kinds of delicious food with a much longer history and richer food culture than many other places in the world. In ancient China, many famous people made great differences to Chinese food culture. Su Dongpo of the Song Dynasty was one of them. He had a gift not only for excellent writing but also for unusual cooking. He created Dongpo Pork (东坡肉) which became a very popular and highly praised dish. Another person is Yuan Mei in Qing Dynasty. He also played a very important role in developing Chinese food culture. In his book Sui Yuan Shi Dan, Yuan Mei talked about special cooking skills and dishes from both northern and southern areas. This book covers over 300 dishes which are popular in 18th-century China. The Chinese philosophy (哲学) of yin and yang also influences food cooking and taste a lot. In Chinese culture, people believe that each food has its own characteristics (特征) of yin and yang. Yin foods are thin, cool and low in calories (卡路里). Yang foods are rich, hot, warming and high in calories. Cooking food in hot water makes it more yin, while cooking with hot oil makes it more yang. As a result, different cooking methods can enrich cooking practice and change yin-yang characteristics of food. 1. Which kind of food do you usually prefer, yin or yang? Why? Passage 1 One recent weekend, I decided to learn how to make jiaozi with my grandmother. I thought it would be fun and easy at the very beginning, but soon it came to me that it wasn’t as simple as it looked. At first, I didn’t pay attention to the sharp (锋利的) knife while cutting vegetables. My finger got cut because of my carelessness. Luckily, it wasn’t serious. Grandma was nervous, and quickly helped me clean the cut. “My poor little girl! Be careful next time!” said Grandma softly. Through the painful lesson, I learned that safety should always come first. After that accident, I continued working with Grandma. We made the dough (面团), mixed the filling, and started shaping the dumplings. However, I kept making mistakes. Some of my dumplings were too thick, others were not properly sealed (封闭), and some even had too much filling, making them difficult to close. It was so discouraging, but Grandma kept encouraging me. By noon, we had a plate full of dumplings—some were perfect, and some were a bit messy. Dad ate my ugliest dumpling first. “Tastes better than it looks!” he laughed. Mom encouraged me, “They’re the most delicious dumplings I have ever had. I am so proud of you!” Now I understand that making jiaozi isn’t just about the final product; it is about learning patience, having fun with my family, and improving through mistakes. Mistakes aren’t signs of weakness. Instead, they should be viewed (看待) as stepping stones to achievements. 1．What did the writer think of making jiaozi at the very beginning? 2．What happened to the writer’s finger because of her carelessness? 3．What did she learn from the accident? 4．Why did Mom say “They’re the most delicious dumplings I have ever had. I am so proud of you!”? 5．How do you view mistakes in your own life? Passage 2 “No print, no year” is a well-known saying in Suzhou, Jiangsu province. The “print” here means Taohuawu Woodblock New Year Prints, a special kind of nianhua, or New Year pictures. One of its inheritors (继承人), Sun Yibo, has worked on Taohuawu prints for over 20 years. “Though seen as a kind of nianhua, Taohuawu Prints not only show the traditional pictures, such as menshen (door gods), flowers and birds,” said Sun. “To keep the traditional craft alive, artists now also choose themes from popular culture, like games and films.” Such rich themes also mean difficult steps. To make a woodblock New Year picture, artists need to draw the draft (草稿), carve it on different blocks and then make the prints one by one on paper. “Each woodblock New Year picture follows the ‘one color on one carved block’ rule and is made with the colors printed on top of each other,” explained Sun. “How many blocks are needed for a picture? It depends on how many colors there are in the picture. One picture comes from at least two blocks.” However, getting the right color on the block is never easy. Sun said that when he made a woodblock New Year picture, he printed and adjusted (调节) each color block more than 100 times to get the right look. Even so, Sun and other inheritors are finding ways to pass down this traditional culture. “We have exhibitions (展览) and courses at a college in Suzhou. Students who are interested in the exhibitions can learn this skill in class,” said Sun. 1．How long has Sun Yibo worked on Taohuawu Prints? 2．What new themes do the prints now show? 3．How many steps are there in making a woodblock New Year picture? 4．Why did Sun print and adjust each color block more than 100 times? 5．According to the passage, why is Taohuawu Woodblock New Year Prints still popular today? Passage 3 Fengxiang clay figurines are a well-known form of traditional Chinese folk art from Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province. With a history of thousands of years—dating back to the Neolithic Age, these vivid and colorful sculptures are not only works of art but also an important symbol of Shaanxi’s rich culture, deeply loved by people both at home and abroad. In the early days, local people used clay to make simple daily tools and objects for worship. As pottery-making skills continued to develop, the art of clay figurine-making slowly took shape. It finally reached its golden age during the Ming and Qing dynasties, becoming popular among common people and widely used in festivals, weddings and other important events to bring joy and good wishes. Their production process is complex and needs great patience. First, artisans choose high-quality local clay. Next, they knead, pound and filter it to take out impurities (杂质). Then, they shape the clay into lively forms like tigers and historical characters by hand or simple tools. After that, the shaped clay goes through natural drying and high-temperature firing. Finally, the most important step—painting—is carried out, with bold, bright colors to create strong visual contrast. These clay figurines carry deep cultural meanings. For example, tiger-shaped figurines are believed to drive off evil spirits and bring good luck to families. To protect this valuable traditional art, the local government has set up training centres to teach young people the making skills, while some young artisans are trying new things through mixing traditional styles with modern designs to attract more young people. 1．Where are Fengxiang clay figurines from? 2．When did Fengxiang clay figurines enter their golden age? 3．How many steps are required to make Fengxiang clay figurines? 4．What does the local government do to protect Fengxiang clay figurines? 5．How can you keep traditional arts like Fengxiang clay figurines alive? Passage 4 Sally loved cars more than anything else. This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. So she asked her dad for help. “Well,” he said. “How about this: you do some research first and then come back to me with a design.” A week later, Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named her go-kart “Blue Lightning”. Dad looked over her work, thinking. “Well, that’s interesting,” he said. “Have a try. Just build Blue Lightning as you’ve designed.” Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed. After she did that, Sally drove back to Dad. “Well,” she said. “Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive.” “Oh, do you?” he said. “Please share.” “When I drove fast, there was a lot of push-back,” she said. “I think it’s because of the lightning bolt shape.” “Very good!” Dad said. “So, why didn’t you tell me about that problem in the first place?” Sally asked. Dad laughed. “Where’s the fun in that? If you give a man a fish, he’ll eat for a day. But if you teach a man to fish, he’ll eat for a lifetime.” Sally said, “I see. Anyway, designing is half the fun!” Dad smiled. “Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.” That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder. When she showed Dad her new go-kart, he nodded with pride. Finally came the race. Sally wasn’t worried about whether she would win-in her mind, she had already won, by building something better than ever before. 1．Why did Sally want to build a go-kart?     2．How long did it take Sally to design her go-kart?     3．What did Sally’s dad do after she built her go-kart?     4．Why did Sally think she had already won the race?     5．What can we learn from the story?     Passage 5 Whether yellow, red or white, the onion is a vegetable that you may not know well. The list of its uses in cooking is endless. People have used onions to add flavor (味道) to their foods for thousands of years. Besides onions’ great taste, they are very good for you. They have special chemicals (化学物质) that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease. No matter how good onions are for you, it is difficult to cut an onion without your eyes filling with tears! When you cut into an onion, irritating (刺激性的) chemicals inside the onion will get into the air. They touch your whole eyes and cause pain. Your eyes make tears to wash away the chemicals and protect your eyes. Luckily, cooks and scientists have discovered some ways to keep you from crying when you cut up onions: · Cut the onion under running water. The water will wash away the chemicals before they can reach your eyes. · Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it. The air will blow the chemicals away from your eyes. · Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting. This helps make the chemicals in the onion move slowly, so they may not ever reach your eyes. If you try out these good ideas and still cry while cutting onions, don’t worry. Scientists think if you cut more onions, your body will become more resilient to the onion’s chemicals. So the tears will not last long. If you think about how healthy onions are, you might even call those tears “happy tears”. 1．What uses of onions are mentioned in Paragraph 1? 2．Why do your eyes make tears when cutting onions? 3．How can you avoid crying when cutting up onions? (Write one way) 4．In which part of a magazine can you probably read the text? 5．Do you like eating onions? Why or why not? (Please answer in your own words) Passage 6 The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes (藏羚羊). Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Xizang, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I’m struck by their beauty. I’m also reminded of the danger they were in. They were once hunted for their valuable fur. My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Xizang. To Zhaxi, the land is sacred (神圣的) and protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We’re not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we’re trying to save ourselves.” The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters shot antelopes to make profits. Their habitats became smaller as new roads and railways were built. In order to save this species from disappearing, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains. The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not plan to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars. I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me. Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to live in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. 1．Where do Tibetan antelopes live? 2．How did Zhaxi and other volunteers keep Tibetan antelopes safe from attacks? 3．When was the Tibetan antelope removed from the endangered species list? 4．Why did Tibetan antelopes’ habitats become smaller and smaller in the 1980s and 1990s? 5．What can we do to protect endangered wildlife like Tibetan antelopes? (请自拟一句话作答) Passage 7 Dolphins are full of many secrets. Let’s learn about them! Dolphins are well-known for being playful and friendly, but they’re much more than that. Scientists found dolphins were smart animals with many interesting abilities. First, dolphins communicate in clever ways. They use special sounds to talk to each other. They also use body movements to send messages, which helps them work together when they look for food or play. Dolphins are also excellent problem-solvers. In some tests, researchers placed in pools objects that were difficult to reach. Dolphins could think of ways to get to these objects by using tools. Besides, some dolphins have been seen using sponges (海绵) to protect their noses while searching for food on the ocean floor. Another thing about dolphins is that they know who they are. Scientists did mirror tests on dolphins. They put a colored spot (斑点) on the dolphins’ bodies and then let the dolphins see themselves in a mirror. The dolphins used the mirror to observe the spot and even tried to take it off. This action shows that dolphins know it’s them in the mirror and have a strong ability to think. Dolphins also show teamwork. When they find food, they use smart ways to get it. For example, they make fish swim close together in a group or create nets of bubbles (气泡网) to catch the animals they want to eat. To do this kind of teamwork, they need to talk to each other, make plans, and work together. Finally, dolphins can learn from humans. They can be taught to do tricks and learn new things quickly. Some dolphins even learn to find their own names. 1．What do dolphins use to send messages? 2．How did dolphins get to those objects placed in pools by researchers? 3．What can you learn from the mirror tests in Paragraph 5? 4．How many abilities of dolphins are mentioned in the text? 5．What’s your opinion about dolphins after reading the text? Passage 8 “The Five-Starred Red Flag flies high ...” Whenever we hear the song, we will sing along. The song is called Ode to the Motherland (《歌唱祖国》). It was written by Wang Xin. On October 1, 1949, Wang Xin attended the Founding Ceremony (开国大典) of the People’s Republic of China. He was deeply moved and decided to write a song at once for New China with his love and pride. He had many ideas but none was good enough for him. One day in September 1950, on the way to Beijing Railway Station, Wang Xin walked past Tian’anmen Square. The moment he saw the Five-Starred Red Flag flying in the wind, a few words for the song came into his mind. On the train back to Tianjin, when he saw the fields and mountains outside the window, the main part of the song began to take shape, “Over the mountains, across the plains (平原)…” When Wang Xin arrived home, he said with excitement, “I made it! I made it!” He completed the whole song right away. The next morning, he went to a local newspaper, and hoped to get the song published. But it wasn’t accepted. However, Wang Xin didn’t give up. He led a music group to perform the song in different places. The song really brought people power, pride and more love for the country. In September 1951, Ode to the Motherland was finally published in the People’s Daily and got popular across the country. From then on, it was sung during many important national events. Wang Xin once said, “I’ve written many works in my life, but I believe I’ve only written ‘two songs’. One is Ode to the Motherland, a song written with musical notes, and the other is a song written for the motherland with all my heart.” 1．When did Wang Xin attend the Founding Ceremony of the People’s Republic of China? 2．What two scenes reminded Wang Xin to create the main part of Ode to the Motherland? 3．What influence did the song Ode to the Motherland bring? 4．What did Wang Xin mean by saying he only wrote “two songs” in his life? 5．As a student, what can you do to express your love for the motherland besides singing patriotic(爱国的)songs? Passage 9 We do it first thing in the morning, last thing at night, and perhaps every hour in between: scrolling (刷手机). Scrolling is one of those things that 20 years ago none of us ever did, but now most of us do it hundreds of times a day. You may even be doing it now! But here’s the thing: we know it doesn’t make us happy! People prefer talking to strangers over scrolling on their phones, a study has found—but that doesn’t always mean we make the right choice. Researchers from the US wanted to compare the way people expected to feel about doing three activities, and how people actually felt after doing them. These three activities were using a smartphone, having a conversation with a stranger and sitting alone. One group of participants (参与者) predicted how they would feel when doing each of these activities, giving them a score out of 100. Another group completed each activity and gave them a score out of 100 based on (基于) how positive they felt. While the researchers thought people might underestimate (低估) the positive (积极的) feelings they would get from talking to a stranger, they didn’t. People predicted this would give them the most positive feelings, and it did! Another group was given more choices about what to do on their phones: watch videos, text, or scroll social media. Or they could talk to a stranger, or sit alone. This time, watching videos was predicted to be the most positive activity, followed by talking to a stranger. However, among those who actually did it, the researchers still found that talking to a stranger was most likely to improve people’s moods (情绪). And sitting alone was always last. So will we all scroll less and talk more? 1．According to the passage, how does scrolling make us feel? 2．What are the three activities that researchers want to compare? 3．Which activity actually gave people the most positive feeling? 4．In all the studies, which activity was always the least positive? 5．Will we scroll less and talk more? Why do you think so? Passage 10 Recently, I started to use an app to keep a record of my running. Each run I wanted to go a little farther, run a little faster and burn more calories (卡路里). Last night I finished an 8.3 km run in 46 minutes and burnt 468 calories. In comparison, my run two days ago was 8.6 km in 46 minutes with 483 calories burnt. This inner self-comparison left me feeling disappointed. I became so focused on the numbers that I forgot to consider what I achieved. These tiny differences in numbers kept me away from the bigger picture: how did I actually feel after completing my most recent run? Well, honestly, I was completely tired out. What good is running to beat your top score if you don’t feel on top? We should exercise for the purpose of building our confidence. And working out harder and faster may serve that purpose. But confidence building comes with being able to do more in our day-to-day life, experiencing less pain and more freedom in movement, and feeling good after a workout. Fitness should help us with our quality of life, the ability to sleep, and good memory, among other things. Fitness should not just come with the eagerness for the success in numbers. In our busy lives, we only have limited time for fitness. When we do physical exercise, we should value what feels good over what looks or sounds good. Sometimes what serves us and our health is coming home and doing a light workout, like going on a short bike ride. Sometimes what serves us is simply going to sleep at 9:30 p.m. Instead of forcing ourselves into a workout. Apps of this kind are a great way for us to keep an eye on our health. But don’t read into the numbers to the point where you lose out on feeling proud that you are taking care of yourself. So my advice is: when you do physical exercise, make sure you feel good about yourself over feeling good about the numbers. 1．Why did the writer start to use the app? 2．What happened when he became too focused on the numbers? 3．According to the writer, what should be our purpose of doing exercise? 4．Why are apps of this kind a great way for us? 5．When you do physical exercise, which do you think is more important: feeling good about yourself or feeling good about the numbers? Why? Passage 11 2026 is the Year of the Horse in China. You may notice that horses appear in many Chinese idioms (成语). These horse-related sayings offer fascinating ideas into Chinese culture and ancient wisdom (智慧). “A horse that covers a thousand miles” is perhaps the most famous horse idiom. It describes someone with excellent talent or abilities. Chinese parents often use this phrase to encourage their children, hoping they’ll become “thousand-mile horses” and achieve great things. “A swift horse needs a good rider” adds another point to this idea. While talented people (“swift horses”) might be common, good leaders (“good riders”) who can find talented people are not common. This saying reminds us that having talent isn’t enough—you need someone who believes in you and gives you chances. “An old horse knows the way” celebrates the wisdom that comes with experience. Just as an old horse remembers the safest roads through mountains, experienced people can guide others through difficult situations. This idiom shows Chinese respect (尊重) for elders and their knowledge. “A painted horse won’t run” warns against valuing appearance over reality. No matter how beautifully you paint a horse, it will never run fast. Similarly, empty promises without real action are worthless. This idiom teaches Chinese to value practical results over empty words. “Ride a horse while looking for a better one” describes someone who keeps searching for better chances while managing their present situation. Chinese people use this idiom to describe practical, hard-working people who never stop improving themselves. 1．What kind of person is called “a thousand-mile horse”? 2．What can we do when we are in trouble according to “An old horse knows the way”? 3．Which idiom shares a similar meaning with “Actions speak louder than words”? 4．What spirit does the idiom “Ride a horse while looking for a better one” show? 5．If your friend is talented but has no chance, which idiom can you use to describe this situation? 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题18 阅读表达 （特殊疑问句） 目录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 4 03·题型通关·靶向突破 4 考点一 题型破解 4 一、题型特点 4 考点二 解题要点 6 一、特殊疑问句类型 6 二、反义疑问句类型 10 三、选择疑问句类型 12 04·优题精选·练能提分 15 题型 考查形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 知识运用之阅读表达 □选择题 ☑非选择题 湖南省卷：56；57；58；59 长沙卷：56；57；59；60 湖南省卷：56；57；58 长沙卷：57；58；59 ；60 张家界；怀化；郴州；衡阳；株洲卷阅读表达均有考察特殊疑问句；反义疑问句 长沙卷：41；42；43；44；45 考情分析 特殊疑问句是湖南中考“阅读表达”题型中的绝对主力。从近三年的真题来看，每篇阅读表达材料通常设置3至5道特殊疑问句题目，在全篇题目中占比高达百分之六十至八十，是决定学生该题型得分的关键。这类试题系统性地考查学生的多重能力：首先是信息提取能力，即能否根据不同的疑问词准确锁定文中的特定信息；其次是信息整合能力，对于答案分散在文中多处的问题，能否进行归纳汇总；再次是观点归纳能力，例如要求概括人物品质或事件意义的问题；最后是语言组织能力，能否用符合语法规范的完整句子进行作答。 从疑问词的考查分布来看，what引导的问题出现频率最高，其次是how和why，再次是when和where，而who以及how many、how long等则相对考查较少。这种分布规律反映出命题者侧重考查学生对事物本身、方式方法和原因理由的理解，而对时间和地点等表层信息的考查相对基础。 近三年特殊疑问句的命题呈现出三个显著特点。第一个特点是细节理解题占据主流地位。这类问题直接对应原文中的明确信息，答案具有唯一性。例如2024年湖南卷提问“Where is Ms. Yang from?”，学生可以直接从文章首段“from a small village in Hunan”定位答案；又如2023年怀化卷提问“Where is the forest library?”，原文明确告知“near Shanghai Library East”。这类题目主要考查学生快速定位信息的能力。 第二个特点是归纳概括题逐渐成为命题新趋势。这类问题需要学生整合文中多处信息或提炼全文主旨，体现了对学生思维进阶的要求。例如2024年长沙卷提问“What‘s the passage about?”，学生需要通读全文，概括出“how music influenced David's life”这一核心主旨；又如2023年株洲卷提问“What can you learn from Yang?”，学生需要从邮递员杨振贵的多年坚守中，提炼出坚定、耐心、执着、勤奋等品质。这类题目不仅考查阅读理解，更考查思维提炼能力。 第三个特点是半开放性问题崭露头角。这类问题在要求学生理解文本的基础上，进一步表达个人观点。例如2024年湖南卷提问“Do you want to learn Xiang embroidery this summer holiday？ Why?”，学生需要先明确个人态度，再给出合理理由；2025年湖南卷提问“What new things will you try after reading Jeff's story？ Why?”，要求学生结合文本故事谈个人打算。这类题目将阅读理解与个性表达有机结合，体现了核心素养导向。 从核心素养的角度审视，特殊疑问句的考查全面呼应了新课标的要求。在语言能力方面，考查学生理解疑问词功能、准确提取信息、规范组织语言的能力；在文化意识方面，通过文本内容让学生理解湘绣、曾子杀彘、太极文化等中外文化元素；在思维品质方面，通过归纳概括和观点评价类问题，培养学生的逻辑思维和批判性思维；在学习能力方面，通过人物故事的启发，引导学生反思自身学习。 命题预测及备考建议 基于近三年的命题规律，对2026年湖南中考特殊疑问句的考查趋势做出以下预测。 首先，题型结构将保持稳定，特殊疑问句仍将占据阅读表达的主体地位，每篇材料设题数量维持在四题左右。其次，思维层次的考查将更加深入，归纳概括类问题的比例可能进一步提升，例如“What can we learn from the story？”这类需要提炼主旨和寓意的问题将更加常见。同时，观点评价类问题将更趋开放，要求学生不仅要表达观点，还要结合文本内容阐述理由。 在文本选材方面，文化内涵将更加突出。命题者会继续选用体现中华优秀传统文化的故事，如2023年的曾子杀彘，以及反映时代楷模精神的记叙文，如2023年郴州的乡村教师程峰的故事。这些文本既考查语言能力，又发挥育人功能。翻译题将继续保留，所选句子将更具思想性和教育意义，考查学生对文化意象的理解和中文表达能力。 基于以上分析，针对2026年中考备考，提出以下具体建议。 第一，开展疑问词专项训练。可以引导学生运用“六何追问法”，即在阅读时自主提问when、where、who、what、why、how，预判可能考查的点位。 第二，强化信息定位速度训练。训练学生养成圈画问题关键词的习惯，如人名、时间、地点、核心动词等，然后带着关键词快速回归原文定位。 第三，落实规范作答训练。强调必须用完整句子作答，注意保持主语一致和时态一致。例如当问题为“When did Jeff begin to learn Chinese？”时，答案应为“He began to learn Chinese in March 2019.”，而非仅给出时间短语。 第四，着力培养归纳概括能力。 第五，系统准备开放性试题。为学生提供观点表达的常用句型模板，如“I think... because...”、“I will... because...”、“In my opinion， ... The reason is that...”。同时强调开放性回答必须与文本内容建立联系，不能脱离文本空谈个人想法。 考点一 题型破解 一、题型本质定位 在阅读表达题型中，对疑问句的考查，本质上是对学生“语篇逻辑理解能力”与“问答交际构建能力”的综合检验。学生需要扮演“对话重构师”的角色，不仅要读懂文本说了什么，更要能理解文本背后隐含的问答逻辑——即作者正在回答什么问题，或者某个提问应该对应什么答案。 疑问句的解题，不是孤立的语法练习，而是对完整语篇交际功能的还原。 二、读者角色设定 学生需要化身为 “逻辑侦探” ，在文本与问题之间建立双向的逻辑通道： · 由问到答时：顺着疑问词的指引，在文本中追踪目标信息，完成从“提问”到“答案”的信息闭环。 · 由答到问时：根据答句提供的信息焦点，逆向推导提问的核心意图，完成从“答案”到“提问”的逻辑重构。 三、核心思维过程：双向驱动的逻辑重构 解题是一个“由外向内”和“由内向外”双向驱动的逻辑推理过程，其核心在于 “问答之间的逻辑咬合”。 1. 由问到答：疑问词驱动的信息定位 · 破译疑问词：每个疑问词都是一个“信息探测器”，指向特定的信息类别（时间、地点、人物、原因、方式、是非立场、选择范围）。 · 追踪信息源：带着探测器在文本中扫描，锁定包含该类别信息的原始语句。 · 重组语言形式：将原始信息按照提问的语法要求进行重组，确保人称、时态、语态与提问完全一致。 2. 由答到问：答案驱动的意图重构 · 分析答案焦点：观察答句提供了什么类型的“新信息”（是具体事实，还是是非判断，或是两者选一）。 · 反推提问意图：根据答案焦点，推断提问者想探究的“未知领域”。 · 匹配疑问形式：选择合适的疑问词或疑问结构，使提问能够恰好覆盖答案提供的所有信息。 四、答案特征：语篇逻辑链上的“精准咬合” 无论是何种疑问句，答案都具有两个共同特征： 1. 逻辑必然性 答案不是任意一个语法正确的句子，而是在特定语篇上下文中，与上文提问和下文信息唯一匹配的逻辑节点。它必须： · 直接回应提问的核心诉求（是非立场、具体信息、选择决策） · 与原文信息完全一致（不能主观臆断） · 在语境中具有不可替代性 2. 结构一致性 答案与提问之间必须保持语法层面的完全同步： · 时态一致：提问用什么时态，答案用什么时态 · 人称一致：注意第一人称与第三人称的转换 · 指代一致：代词指代对象必须清晰无误 · 句式匹配：一般疑问句以Yes/No开头，特殊疑问句提供具体信息，选择疑问句在限定范围内作答 五、破题关键：三类信息的精准把握 无论面对哪种疑问句，解题的核心在于对以下三类信息的准确把握： 1. 疑问信息 · 识别疑问词或疑问结构传达的“信息诉求” · 明确提问者想知道什么（是/否？具体事实？哪个选项？） 2. 文本信息 · 在原文中定位与提问诉求相关的信息句 · 理解该信息句在上下文中的准确含义 3. 语言信息 · 确保答案的语法形式与提问完美匹配 · 完成必要的人称、时态转换 考点二 解题要点 特殊疑问句类型 一、解题核心 作为获取语篇具体信息的核心手段，特殊疑问句的解题核心在于精准识别疑问词指向的信息类别，并在原文中定位对应信息，最后按照语法规范重组答案。答案的本质是对提问者“未知信息”的准确填补，实现问答之间的信息闭环。 二、解题步骤 1. 析问句，定疑问指向：仔细阅读问句，识别疑问词（what/when/where/who/why/how等），明确提问者想要获取的信息类别——是时间、地点、人物、原因、方式还是事物本身。这是定位信息的导航标。 2. 回原文，找对应信息：带着疑问词的指向返回原文，扫描锁定包含该类信息的原始语句。注意信息可能分散在多处，需要综合提取；也可能需要从上下文推断。 3. 组答案，验语法规范：将提取的信息组织成完整句子。检查人称是否需要转换（如原文用I，回答需用he/she），时态是否与问句保持一致，信息是否完整回应了提问诉求。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项/陷阱 信息匹配原则 答案提供的信息类别必须与疑问词严格对应。 问When只答时间，问Why只答原因，问How只答方式。锁定疑问词即锁定信息类别。 类别错位：问原因“Why did he cry?”答时间“At 5 p.m.”；问方式“How did he go?”答交通工具名称却不说“By bus”。 人称转换原则 答案中的人称必须根据提问角度进行转换，不能照抄原文。 原文用I/we，问句问the writer/they，回答用he/she/they。原文用you，需根据上下文判断具体指代。 照抄原文：原文“I think it's good.”，问“What does the writer think?”，答“I think it's good.”（正确应为“He/She thinks it's good.”）。 时态一致原则 答案的时态必须与问句的时态完全一致。 问句用过去时，答案谓语动词用过去式；问句用现在完成时，答案用has/have done。 时态混乱：问“What did he do yesterday?”，答“He goes to the park.”（正确应为“He went to the park.”）。 完整作答原则 答案必须用完整句子呈现，不能仅用短语。 问“When did he leave?”，答“He left at 8 a.m.”而非仅“At 8 a.m.”。 答案残缺：仅写时间短语、地点短语，缺少主语和谓语，导致句子结构不完整。 【典例1-1】 My mother worked as a cleaner in our school when I was in the middle school. At that time she was such an embarrassment (难堪) to me not only because of her job but also her look. She had only one eye. Every time I saw her in my school, I pretended not to see her and ran away. After graduating, I got a good job in another city. Then I got married and had two kids. I told my family that my parents had been dead, so they never saw my mother, even her photo. But one year later, I got a letter. It read:My dear son Bill, I’m sorry to trouble you, but I really miss you all the time. I’m afraid that I will have no chance to see you again. I’m sorry that I was always an embarrassment to you when you were growing up. However, I had no choice. When you were very young, you got into an accident and lost your eye. As a mother, I couldn’t stand that you would have to grow up with one eye. So I… I was proud of my son who was enjoying his beautiful world for me with that eye. With all my love to you! Mom After reading the letter, I couldn’t help crying… 1．What was Bill’s mother’s job when he was in the middle school? 2．Why did Bill feel embarrassed? 3．Who got into an accident, Bill or his mother? 4．What did Bill’s mother do to Bill after the accident? 【答案】 1．A cleaner. 2．Because of his mother’s job and her look. 3．Bill. 4．She donated/gave her eye to Bill. 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Bill因为母亲的职业和外貌感到难堪，后来通过母亲的信得知母亲为了他牺牲了自己的眼睛的故事。 1．根据“My mother worked as a cleaner in our school when I was in the middle school.”可知，Bill的母亲在他中学时是一名清洁工。故填A cleaner. 2．根据“At that time she was such an embarrassment to me not only because of her job but also her look.”可知，Bill感到难堪是因为母亲的职业和外貌。故填Because of his mother’s job and her look. 3．根据母亲写给Bill的信“When you were very young, you got into an accident and lost your eye.”可知，是Bill遭遇了事故。故填Bill. 4．根据“As a mother, I couldn’t stand that you would have to grow up with one eye. So I...”以及后文“I was proud of my son who was enjoying his beautiful world for me with that eye.”可推断，母亲不忍Bill用一只眼睛长大，于是她将自己的眼睛给了Bill。故填She donated/gave her eye to Bill. 【迁移运用1-1】 For centuries, China has been known as a state of manners. There were many greeting manners in ancient China. And the fist-and-palm salute was quite a classic example. Today, although Chinese people usually shake hands when meeting friends and relatives, people still make fist-and-palm salutes when they are paying a visit to someone during the Spring Festival or attending someone’s celebrations or birthday receptions. The fist-and-palm salute can go back more than 3,000 years ago. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, people had already performed it when meeting friends. In ancient times, if people met a stranger, they would like to prepare for a fight if necessary, and their hands were always ready for holding any weapon (武器). Holding hands together and pointing towards themselves was a gesture of saying “relax”— they came in peace and they were not here to pick a fight. Later, it became the manner when people met each other or showed thanks. So, how should people do the fist-and-palm salute properly? To start with, stand straight. If you’re a man, make a half fist with your right hand, then hold the right hand with your left hand in front of your heart, look at the person, raise both hands to the eyebrows (眉毛), bow without shaking, and do it gently three times. At the same time, you can also say some lucky greeting words. If you’re a woman, you should do it using the opposite hand position. As a valuable part of Chinese culture, the fist-and-palm salute not only carries the wisdom of harmony (和谐) from ancient times but also connects people’s truthful greetings today. It reminds us to value and pass on these time-honored traditions, letting the spirit of traditional custom shine through daily interactions. 1．When do Chinese people still make fist-and-palm salutes today? 2．What did the fist-and-palm salute mean in ancient China? 3．What is the first requirement when doing the fist-and-palm salute properly? 4．How should a woman hold her hands when doing the fist-and-palm salute? 【答案】1．When they are paying a visit to someone during the Spring Festival or attending someone’s celebrations or birthday receptions. 2．It meant “relax”, showing they came in peace and didn’t want to pick a fight. Later, it became a manner for meeting or showing thanks. 3．To stand straight. 4．She should use the opposite hand position (make a half fist with the left hand and hold it with the right hand). 【解析】【导语】本文介绍了中国传统礼仪 “抱拳礼” 的历史渊源、文化内涵、正确做法，以及它在现代生活中的传承意义，体现了传统文化在当代的价值。 1．根据“Today, although Chinese people usually shake hands when meeting friends and relatives, people still make fist-and-palm salutes when they are paying a visit to someone during the Spring Festival or attending someone’s celebrations or birthday receptions.”可知，如今中国人在春节期间拜访他人，或是参加庆典、生日会时，仍会行抱拳礼，故填When they are paying a visit to someone during the Spring Festival or attending someone’s celebrations or birthday receptions. 2．根据“In ancient times...Holding hands together and pointing towards themselves was a gesture of saying “relax”—they came in peace and they were not here to pick a fight. Later, it became the manner when people met each other or showed thanks.”可知，在古代中国，抱拳礼表示“放松”，意味着人们是带着和平而来，并非要挑起争斗，后来也成为人们见面或表达感谢的礼仪，故填It meant “relax”, showing they came in peace and didn’t want to pick a fight. Later, it became a manner for meeting or showing thanks. 3．根据“To start with, stand straight.”可知，正确行抱拳礼的第一步是站直，故填To stand straight. 4．根据“If you’re a woman, you should do it using opposite hand position.”可知，女性行抱拳礼时，要使用与男性相反的手势（即左手握拳，右手包在左拳外），故填She should use the opposite hand position (make a half fist with the left hand and hold it with the right hand). 反义疑问句类型 一、解题核心 作为对已知信息进行求证的手段，反义疑问句的解题核心在于剥离反问部分的干扰，只依据文本事实做出是非判断。答案的本质不是对反问形式的回应，而是对陈述部分事实的真实映射，必须遵循“事实为真用Yes，事实为假用No”的铁律。 二、解题步骤 1. 析问句，定陈述事实：忽略反问部分，只关注陈述部分的内容。明确陈述句表达了什么事实（如“He didn't go to school”或“It is a nice day”）。这是判断的起点。 2. 回原文，找事实依据：返回原文，查找与陈述部分相关的事实信息。判断原文内容是否支持陈述部分的说法——是支持、反对，还是未提及（未提及通常按不支持处理）。 3. 组答案，验事实逻辑：根据原文依据，以“Yes/No”开头组织答案。事实成立用“Yes + 肯定结构”，事实不成立用“No + 否定结构”。确保答案与原文事实完全一致。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项/陷阱 事实优先 答案只由原文事实决定，完全不受反问部分形式干扰。 无论反问部分是肯定还是否定，只看陈述部分在原文中是否成立。成立则Yes，不成立则No。 反问干扰：问“He didn't go, did he?”（事实是他没去），受反问部分did误导答“Yes, he did.”（正确应为“No, he didn't.”）。 英式思维 遵循英语“按事实回答”的逻辑，而非汉语“按问题回答”的习惯。 英语中，事实为否定就用No，无论问题如何表述；汉语可能顺着问题答“对，他没去”。 中式思维：问“Isn't it beautiful?”（事实是美），按汉语习惯答“是的，很美”，英语却要答“Yes, it is.”。 前后呼应 答案的简短回答部分（Yes/No + 主语 + 助动词）必须与陈述部分的时态、人称完全匹配。 陈述部分用did，简短回答用did/didn't；陈述部分用is，简短回答用is/isn't。主语保持一致。 主谓断裂：问“The children enjoyed it, didn't they?”，答“Yes, he did.”（人称错误，应为“Yes, they did.”）。 忽略反问 解题过程中彻底屏蔽反问部分，将其视为干扰信息。 读到反义疑问句时，先用括号把反问部分括起来不看，只分析陈述部分。 双重干扰：既受反问部分影响，又试图分析反问部分的语法，导致思维混乱。 【典例2-1】 Social media, in particular, has a big effect on culture. Platforms like TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube allow teenagers to share videos, photos, and ideas with people around the world. This can make cultural fashion spread very quickly. While this can be exciting, it also means that traditional customs and local cultures may be forgotten if people focus only on global fashion. Moreover, some people worry that excessive online influence may make young people accept foreign habits without understanding their basis. Even so, modern influences are not always negative. They can help people understand and enjoy other cultures. By learning about different countries through technology and media, young people can develop more open minds and respect for diversity. At the same time, they can mix traditional and modern ideas to create new ways of celebrating culture. For instance, some schools now combine local festivals with global online fashion, making celebrations more attractive and educational. 1. Modern influences are not always negative, are they? 【答案】No, they aren’t. 【解析】根据“Even so, modern influences are not always negative.”可知，现代影响不总是负面的，答案是否定回答。故填No, they aren’t. 【迁移运用2-1】 Tess had been in bed with the flu for nearly a week. She was tired of feeling sick and achy. On Friday, Tess’s mom had to go back to work, so Tess’s grandmother, Nonnie, was coming to stay with her for the day. Tess waited impatiently for Grandma to arrive, hoping she would bring some homemade peach ice cream. Finally, she heard voices downstairs. 1. Tess was tired of being ill, wasn’t she? 【答案】Yes, she was. 【解析】根据文章第1段“She was tired of feeling sick and achy.”可知，Tess厌烦了生病和身体酸痛的感觉。故填Yes, she was. 选择疑问句类型 一、解题核心 作为在限定范围内进行选择的提问方式，选择疑问句的解题核心在于明确选项范围，通过原文信息比对做出唯一选择。答案的本质是在or连接的A与B之间，选出与原文信息匹配的那一个，不能自创选项，也不能两者都选。 二、解题步骤 1. 析问句，定选项范围：仔细阅读问句，识别or连接的两个（或多个）选项，明确选择的边界。选项A是什么，选项B是什么，必须清晰界定。 2. 回原文，找信息比对：带着A和B两个选项返回原文，查找与两者相关的信息。可能出现三种情况：文中明确支持A、明确支持B、A和B都有提及但需结合上下文判断。 3. 组答案，验唯一决策：根据比对结果，在A和B中选出唯一答案。可以直接给出选项内容，也可以用完整句子作答。确保答案在选项范围内且有原文依据。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项/陷阱 范围限定 答案必须严格限定在or连接的选项之内，不得超出。 问“Does he like tea or coffee?”，答案只能是tea或coffee，不能答milk或juice。 自创选项：问“Is it red or blue?”，答“It's green.”（原文未提及绿色，属于无依据自创）。 排他性 正确答案具有排他性，除非题目明确允许多选，否则只能选一个。 文中同时提到A和B时，需判断上下文侧重或提问具体指向，选出唯一匹配项。 两者都选：问“Does he like tea or coffee?”（文中只说他喜欢茶），答“Both.”（与原文不符）。 信息比对 选择必须建立在充分的原文信息比对基础上，不能凭常识或猜测。 将A和B分别与原文对照，哪个有直接依据就选哪个；两者都有依据时，看问题具体问什么。 脱离文本：问“Is the library open at 8 or 9?”（文中说8点开门），凭常识猜“9点”导致错误。 直接回应 答案直接给出所选选项即可，无需额外解释或补充。 可以直接答“Tea.”，也可以用完整句子“He likes tea.”。但不要添加原文没有的比较或评价。 画蛇添足：问“Tea or coffee?”，答“Tea, because it's healthier.”（添加了原文没有的原因）。 【典例3-1】 Chogori (乔戈里峰) stands on the China-Pakistan border (边界). Chogori is from the Tajik language; it means “high, great and magnificent (壮丽)”. Internationally, it is better known as K2. Chogori is about 8,611 meters high, and it is the second highest mountain in the world. And Chogori is not Qomolangma. Chogori is a steeper (更陡峭的) and more dangerous peak (山峰). In fact, it is the most difficult peak to reach in the world. The first two people to reach the top of Chogori—Lino Lacedelli and Achille Compagnoni from Italy did it in 1954. In 1986, the first woman did it too. Since 1954, no more than 350 people have reached the top, and 49 others have been killed (However, Qomolangma has been reached 3,000 times and only 15 climbers lost their lives). Of all the over 8,000-meter-high peaks, it has the highest death rate. 1. Which is more difficult and dangerous to reach, Qomolangma or Chogori? 【答案】Chogori. 【解析】根据文章第二段“And Chogori is not Qomolangma. Chogori is a steeper (更陡峭的) and more dangerous peak (山峰). In fact, it is the most difficult peak to reach in the world.”以及后文将乔戈里峰与珠穆朗玛峰的攀登人数和死亡人数进行对比，可知乔戈里峰比珠穆朗玛峰更难攀登且更危险。故填Chogori. 【迁移运用3-1】 The English people usually greet (问候) each other by talking about the weather, while we Chinese people like to greet with the sentence “Have you eaten your meal?”. This shows that food culture is important in our daily life. China has many kinds of delicious food with a much longer history and richer food culture than many other places in the world. In ancient China, many famous people made great differences to Chinese food culture. Su Dongpo of the Song Dynasty was one of them. He had a gift not only for excellent writing but also for unusual cooking. He created Dongpo Pork (东坡肉) which became a very popular and highly praised dish. Another person is Yuan Mei in Qing Dynasty. He also played a very important role in developing Chinese food culture. In his book Sui Yuan Shi Dan, Yuan Mei talked about special cooking skills and dishes from both northern and southern areas. This book covers over 300 dishes which are popular in 18th-century China. The Chinese philosophy (哲学) of yin and yang also influences food cooking and taste a lot. In Chinese culture, people believe that each food has its own characteristics (特征) of yin and yang. Yin foods are thin, cool and low in calories (卡路里). Yang foods are rich, hot, warming and high in calories. Cooking food in hot water makes it more yin, while cooking with hot oil makes it more yang. As a result, different cooking methods can enrich cooking practice and change yin-yang characteristics of food. 1. Which kind of food do you usually prefer, yin or yang? Why? 【答案】 I prefer yin foods, because they are good for health./I like yang foods, because they are much tastier. 【解析】开放性试题，答案言之有理即可，比如根据自身偏好说明原因。参考答案为I prefer yin foods, because they are good for health./I like yang foods, because they are much tastier. Passage 1 One recent weekend, I decided to learn how to make jiaozi with my grandmother. I thought it would be fun and easy at the very beginning, but soon it came to me that it wasn’t as simple as it looked. At first, I didn’t pay attention to the sharp (锋利的) knife while cutting vegetables. My finger got cut because of my carelessness. Luckily, it wasn’t serious. Grandma was nervous, and quickly helped me clean the cut. “My poor little girl! Be careful next time!” said Grandma softly. Through the painful lesson, I learned that safety should always come first. After that accident, I continued working with Grandma. We made the dough (面团), mixed the filling, and started shaping the dumplings. However, I kept making mistakes. Some of my dumplings were too thick, others were not properly sealed (封闭), and some even had too much filling, making them difficult to close. It was so discouraging, but Grandma kept encouraging me. By noon, we had a plate full of dumplings—some were perfect, and some were a bit messy. Dad ate my ugliest dumpling first. “Tastes better than it looks!” he laughed. Mom encouraged me, “They’re the most delicious dumplings I have ever had. I am so proud of you!” Now I understand that making jiaozi isn’t just about the final product; it is about learning patience, having fun with my family, and improving through mistakes. Mistakes aren’t signs of weakness. Instead, they should be viewed (看待) as stepping stones to achievements. 1．What did the writer think of making jiaozi at the very beginning? 2．What happened to the writer’s finger because of her carelessness? 3．What did she learn from the accident? 4．Why did Mom say “They’re the most delicious dumplings I have ever had. I am so proud of you!”? 5．How do you view mistakes in your own life? 【答案】1．It would be fun and easy. 2．It got cut. 3．She learned that safety should always come first. 4．Because she wanted to encourage the writer. 5．Mistakes should be viewed as stepping stones to achievements. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和祖母一起学包饺子的经历。起初作者认为包饺子很有趣且简单，但实际操作中遇到了切菜受伤、饺子包得不好等问题。尽管如此，在祖母的鼓励下，作者坚持完成了包饺子，并从中学到了耐心、与家人共度时光以及从错误中成长的重要性。 1．根据文章第一段“I thought it would be fun and easy at the very beginning…”可知，作者一开始认为包饺子既有趣又简单。故填It would be fun and easy. 2．根据文章第二段“My finger got cut because of my carelessness.”可知，作者的手指因为粗心被割伤了。故填It got cut. 3．根据文章第二段“Through the painful lesson, I learned that safety should always come first.”可知，作者学到安全第一。故填She learned that safety should always come first. 4．根据文章第四段“Mom encouraged me…”可知，妈妈是为了鼓励作者。故填Because she wanted to encourage the writer. 5．本题为开放性问题，答案合理即可。如从失败中吸取教训，永不放弃等。故填Mistakes should be viewed as stepping stones to achievements. Passage 2 “No print, no year” is a well-known saying in Suzhou, Jiangsu province. The “print” here means Taohuawu Woodblock New Year Prints, a special kind of nianhua, or New Year pictures. One of its inheritors (继承人), Sun Yibo, has worked on Taohuawu prints for over 20 years. “Though seen as a kind of nianhua, Taohuawu Prints not only show the traditional pictures, such as menshen (door gods), flowers and birds,” said Sun. “To keep the traditional craft alive, artists now also choose themes from popular culture, like games and films.” Such rich themes also mean difficult steps. To make a woodblock New Year picture, artists need to draw the draft (草稿), carve it on different blocks and then make the prints one by one on paper. “Each woodblock New Year picture follows the ‘one color on one carved block’ rule and is made with the colors printed on top of each other,” explained Sun. “How many blocks are needed for a picture? It depends on how many colors there are in the picture. One picture comes from at least two blocks.” However, getting the right color on the block is never easy. Sun said that when he made a woodblock New Year picture, he printed and adjusted (调节) each color block more than 100 times to get the right look. Even so, Sun and other inheritors are finding ways to pass down this traditional culture. “We have exhibitions (展览) and courses at a college in Suzhou. Students who are interested in the exhibitions can learn this skill in class,” said Sun. 1．How long has Sun Yibo worked on Taohuawu Prints? 2．What new themes do the prints now show? 3．How many steps are there in making a woodblock New Year picture? 4．Why did Sun print and adjust each color block more than 100 times? 5．According to the passage, why is Taohuawu Woodblock New Year Prints still popular today? 【答案】1．For over 20 years. 2．Themes from popular culture, like games and films. 3．Three. 4．To get the right look. 5．Because inheritors are finding ways to pass down this traditional culture through exhibitions and courses. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了苏州桃花坞木版年画及其传承人孙逸波，描述了年画的主题、制作工艺以及传承方式。 1．根据第一段“Sun Yibo, has worked on Taohuawu prints for over 20 years”可知，孙逸波从事桃花坞年画工作已超过20年。故填For over 20 years. 2．根据第二段“To keep the traditional craft alive, artists now also choose themes from popular culture, like games and films.”可知，这些年画现在展现的新主题是来自流行文化，如游戏和电影。故填Themes from popular culture, like games and films. 3．根据第三段“To make a woodblock New Year picture, artists need to draw the draft, carve it on different blocks and then make the prints one by one on paper.”可知，制作一幅木版年画有三个步骤：画稿、分块雕刻、逐色印刷。故填Three. 4．根据第四段“he printed and adjusted each color block more than 100 times to get the right look”可知，孙逸波对每个色版印刷和调整超过100次是为了得到正确的效果（外观）。故填To get the right look. 5．根据最后一段“Sun and other inheritors are finding ways to pass down this traditional culture. ‘We have exhibitions and courses...’ ”可知，桃花坞木版年画如今仍受欢迎，是因为传承人们通过展览和课程等方式在积极传承这一传统文化。故填Because inheritors are finding ways to pass down this traditional culture through exhibitions and courses. Passage 3 Fengxiang clay figurines are a well-known form of traditional Chinese folk art from Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province. With a history of thousands of years—dating back to the Neolithic Age, these vivid and colorful sculptures are not only works of art but also an important symbol of Shaanxi’s rich culture, deeply loved by people both at home and abroad. In the early days, local people used clay to make simple daily tools and objects for worship. As pottery-making skills continued to develop, the art of clay figurine-making slowly took shape. It finally reached its golden age during the Ming and Qing dynasties, becoming popular among common people and widely used in festivals, weddings and other important events to bring joy and good wishes. Their production process is complex and needs great patience. First, artisans choose high-quality local clay. Next, they knead, pound and filter it to take out impurities (杂质). Then, they shape the clay into lively forms like tigers and historical characters by hand or simple tools. After that, the shaped clay goes through natural drying and high-temperature firing. Finally, the most important step—painting—is carried out, with bold, bright colors to create strong visual contrast. These clay figurines carry deep cultural meanings. For example, tiger-shaped figurines are believed to drive off evil spirits and bring good luck to families. To protect this valuable traditional art, the local government has set up training centres to teach young people the making skills, while some young artisans are trying new things through mixing traditional styles with modern designs to attract more young people. 1．Where are Fengxiang clay figurines from? 2．When did Fengxiang clay figurines enter their golden age? 3．How many steps are required to make Fengxiang clay figurines? 4．What does the local government do to protect Fengxiang clay figurines? 5．How can you keep traditional arts like Fengxiang clay figurines alive? 【答案】1．Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province. 2．During the Ming and Qing dynasties. 3．Five/5 (steps). 4．It has set up training centres to teach young people the making skills. 5．We can make them in art classes at school. (言之有理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了陕西凤翔泥人的起源、发展、制作工序、文化意义以及当地政府为保护这一传统艺术所采取的措施。 1．根据“Fengxiang clay figurines are a well-known form of traditional Chinese folk art from Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province.”可知，凤翔泥人来自陕西省凤翔县。故填Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province. 2．根据“It finally reached its golden age during the Ming and Qing dynasties…”可知，凤翔泥人在明清时期进入了黄金时代。故填During the Ming and Qing dynasties. 3．根据“First…Next…Then… After that…Finally…”可知，制作凤翔泥人一共需要五个步骤。故填Five/5 (steps). 4．根据“To protect this valuable traditional art, the local government has set up training centres to teach young people the making skills…”可知，当地政府建立了培训中心，向年轻人传授制作技艺来保护凤翔泥人。故填It has set up training centres to teach young people the making skills. 5．开放性试题，言之有理即可，参考答案：We can make them in art classes at school. Passage 4 Sally loved cars more than anything else. This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. So she asked her dad for help. “Well,” he said. “How about this: you do some research first and then come back to me with a design.” A week later, Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named her go-kart “Blue Lightning”. Dad looked over her work, thinking. “Well, that’s interesting,” he said. “Have a try. Just build Blue Lightning as you’ve designed.” Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed. After she did that, Sally drove back to Dad. “Well,” she said. “Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive.” “Oh, do you?” he said. “Please share.” “When I drove fast, there was a lot of push-back,” she said. “I think it’s because of the lightning bolt shape.” “Very good!” Dad said. “So, why didn’t you tell me about that problem in the first place?” Sally asked. Dad laughed. “Where’s the fun in that? If you give a man a fish, he’ll eat for a day. But if you teach a man to fish, he’ll eat for a lifetime.” Sally said, “I see. Anyway, designing is half the fun!” Dad smiled. “Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.” That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder. When she showed Dad her new go-kart, he nodded with pride. Finally came the race. Sally wasn’t worried about whether she would win-in her mind, she had already won, by building something better than ever before. 1．Why did Sally want to build a go-kart?     2．How long did it take Sally to design her go-kart?     3．What did Sally’s dad do after she built her go-kart?     4．Why did Sally think she had already won the race?     5．What can we learn from the story?     【答案】1．To enter for the Go-Go Race. 2．A week. 3．Asked her to take a test drive. 4．She built something better than ever. 5．Learning happens during the process. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了莎莉制作好卡丁车后，父亲明知道这车有问题，但是他还是让女儿先试驾一下，借此让女儿明白：学习就是在过程中发生的。 1．根据“This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race.”可知，她考虑造一辆卡丁车去参加Go-Go比赛。故填To enter for the Go-Go Race. 2．根据“ ‘How about this: you do some research first and then come back to me with a design.’...A week later, Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad.”可知，一周后，莎莉把她的设计笔记和图纸带给了爸爸，所以用了一周的时间。故填A week. 3．根据“Dad asked her to take it for a test drive.”可知，爸爸让她去试驾一下。故填Asked her to take a test drive. 4．根据“Finally came the race. Sally wasn’t worried about whether she would win-in her mind, she had already won, by building something better than ever before.”可知，莎莉并不担心自己是否会赢——在她看来，通过打造出比以往更好的作品，她已经赢了。故填She built something better than ever. 5．根据“learning happens during the process.”和通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了莎莉制作好卡丁车后，父亲明知道这车有问题，但是他还是让女儿先试驾一下，借此让女儿明白：学习就是在过程中发生的。故填Learning happens during the process. Passage 5 Whether yellow, red or white, the onion is a vegetable that you may not know well. The list of its uses in cooking is endless. People have used onions to add flavor (味道) to their foods for thousands of years. Besides onions’ great taste, they are very good for you. They have special chemicals (化学物质) that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease. No matter how good onions are for you, it is difficult to cut an onion without your eyes filling with tears! When you cut into an onion, irritating (刺激性的) chemicals inside the onion will get into the air. They touch your whole eyes and cause pain. Your eyes make tears to wash away the chemicals and protect your eyes. Luckily, cooks and scientists have discovered some ways to keep you from crying when you cut up onions: · Cut the onion under running water. The water will wash away the chemicals before they can reach your eyes. · Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it. The air will blow the chemicals away from your eyes. · Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting. This helps make the chemicals in the onion move slowly, so they may not ever reach your eyes. If you try out these good ideas and still cry while cutting onions, don’t worry. Scientists think if you cut more onions, your body will become more resilient to the onion’s chemicals. So the tears will not last long. If you think about how healthy onions are, you might even call those tears “happy tears”. 1．What uses of onions are mentioned in Paragraph 1? 2．Why do your eyes make tears when cutting onions? 3．How can you avoid crying when cutting up onions? (Write one way) 4．In which part of a magazine can you probably read the text? 5．Do you like eating onions? Why or why not? (Please answer in your own words) 【答案】1．Their great taste and their special chemicals that improve people’s ability to fight off sickness./They are used to add flavor to food and they are good for people’s health. 2．To wash away irritating chemicals and protect our eyes. 3．①Cut the onion under running water./By cutting the onion under running water. ②Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it./By using a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it. ③Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting./By putting the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting. 1．Food/Health/Cooking/Daily Life. 2．①Yes, I do. Because onions are delicious and good for my health. ②No, I don’t. Because I don’t like their taste and it’s annoying to cut them. (言之有理即可) 【导语】本文讲述了洋葱在烹饪中的用途、对健康的益处，解释了切洋葱时流泪的原因，并提供了几种避免流泪的方法，同时鼓励人们以积极心态看待洋葱带来的“快乐泪水”。 1．根据第一段“People have used onions to add flavor to their foods for thousands of years. Besides onions' great taste, they are very good for you. They have special chemicals that improve your ability to fight off sickness and you have fewer chances of getting a disease”可知洋葱的用途包括为食物增添风味，以及含有特殊化学物质帮助人们抵抗疾病、有益健康，故填Their great taste and their special chemicals that improve people’s ability to fight off sickness./They are used to add flavor to food and they are good for people's health. 2．根据第二段“Your eyes make tears to wash away the chemicals and protect your eyes”可知眼睛流泪是为了冲走刺激性化学物质、保护眼睛，故填To wash away irritating chemicals and protect our eyes. 3．根据第三段列出的方法可知可以通过在流水下切洋葱、用风扇吹走化学物质或切之前把洋葱在冰箱放一小时等方式避免流泪，故填①Cut the onion under running water./By cutting the onion under running water. ②Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it./By using a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it. ③Put the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting./By putting the onion in a fridge for an hour before cutting. 4．根据文章内容，本文介绍了洋葱的用途、切洋葱流泪的原因及避免方法，这类内容常见于杂志的美食、健康或日常生活板块，故填Food/Health/Cooking/Daily Life. 5．本题为开放性问题，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes, I do. Because onions are delicious and good for my health. / No, I don't. Because I don’t like their taste and it’s annoying to cut them. Passage 6 The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes (藏羚羊). Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Xizang, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I’m struck by their beauty. I’m also reminded of the danger they were in. They were once hunted for their valuable fur. My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Xizang. To Zhaxi, the land is sacred (神圣的) and protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We’re not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we’re trying to save ourselves.” The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters shot antelopes to make profits. Their habitats became smaller as new roads and railways were built. In order to save this species from disappearing, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains. The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not plan to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars. I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me. Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to live in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. 1．Where do Tibetan antelopes live? 2．How did Zhaxi and other volunteers keep Tibetan antelopes safe from attacks? 3．When was the Tibetan antelope removed from the endangered species list? 4．Why did Tibetan antelopes’ habitats become smaller and smaller in the 1980s and 1990s? 5．What can we do to protect endangered wildlife like Tibetan antelopes? (请自拟一句话作答) 【答案】1．They live on the plains of Xizang, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. 2．They watched over them day and night. 3．In June 4. 5．Because new roads and railways were built. 6．We should stop buying fur products and protect their homes. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的亲身观察和向导扎西的讲述，介绍了藏羚羊的生存现状、曾面临的濒危困境（因皮毛被猎杀、栖息地减少），以及中国政府和志愿者为保护它们所采取的措施和取得的成效，最后呼吁人类与自然和谐共处。 1．根据第二段第一句“Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Xizang, Xinjiang, and Qinghai.”可知，藏羚羊生活在西藏、新疆和青海的平原上。故填They live on the plains of Xizang, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. 2．根据第五段第二句“Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks.”可知，扎西和其他志愿者通过日夜守护来保护藏羚羊免受攻击。故填They watched over them day and night. 3．根据第六段第一句“...in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list.”可知，藏羚羊于2015年6月从濒危物种名单中移除。故填In June 2015. 4．根据第四段最后一句“Their habitats became smaller as new roads and railways were built.”可知，藏羚羊栖息地变小是因为新公路和铁路的修建。故填Because new roads and railways were built. 5．本题为开放性问答，要求自拟一句话回答“我们能做些什么来保护像藏羚羊这样的濒危野生动物”。答案需合理可行，结合文章主题。示例：我们应该停止购买用它们皮毛制成的产品，并保护它们的自然栖息地。故填We should stop buying fur products and protect their homes. Passage 7 Dolphins are full of many secrets. Let’s learn about them! Dolphins are well-known for being playful and friendly, but they’re much more than that. Scientists found dolphins were smart animals with many interesting abilities. First, dolphins communicate in clever ways. They use special sounds to talk to each other. They also use body movements to send messages, which helps them work together when they look for food or play. Dolphins are also excellent problem-solvers. In some tests, researchers placed in pools objects that were difficult to reach. Dolphins could think of ways to get to these objects by using tools. Besides, some dolphins have been seen using sponges (海绵) to protect their noses while searching for food on the ocean floor. Another thing about dolphins is that they know who they are. Scientists did mirror tests on dolphins. They put a colored spot (斑点) on the dolphins’ bodies and then let the dolphins see themselves in a mirror. The dolphins used the mirror to observe the spot and even tried to take it off. This action shows that dolphins know it’s them in the mirror and have a strong ability to think. Dolphins also show teamwork. When they find food, they use smart ways to get it. For example, they make fish swim close together in a group or create nets of bubbles (气泡网) to catch the animals they want to eat. To do this kind of teamwork, they need to talk to each other, make plans, and work together. Finally, dolphins can learn from humans. They can be taught to do tricks and learn new things quickly. Some dolphins even learn to find their own names. 1．What do dolphins use to send messages? 2．How did dolphins get to those objects placed in pools by researchers? 3．What can you learn from the mirror tests in Paragraph 5? 4．How many abilities of dolphins are mentioned in the text? 5．What’s your opinion about dolphins after reading the text? 【答案】1．They use special sounds and body movements to send messages. 2．They could think of ways to get to these objects by using tools. 3．Dolphins know who they are and have a strong ability to think. 4．Five. 5．Dolphins are amazing animals. They are not only playful and friendly but also very smart with many special abilities. (答案合理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了海豚的多种秘密与能力。 1．根据“They use special sounds to talk to each other. They also use body movements to send messages”可知，海豚用特殊的声音和肢体动作来传递信息。故填They use special sounds and body movements to send messages. 2．根据“Dolphins could think of ways to get to these objects by using tools”可知，海豚能通过使用工具想出获取这些物品的方法。故填They could think of ways to get to these objects by using tools. 3．根据“This action shows that dolphins know it’s them in the mirror and have a strong ability to think”可知，镜子实验表明海豚有自我认知能力和很强的思考能力。故填Dolphins know who they are and have a strong ability to think. 4．文中依次提到海豚的能力：communicate in clever ways、excellent problem-solvers、know who they are、show teamwork、can learn from humans，共五种能力。故填Five. 5．结合文章内容，围绕海豚聪明、友好、有多种特殊能力等方面作答即可。故填Dolphins are amazing animals. They are not only playful and friendly but also very smart with many special abilities. Passage 8 “The Five-Starred Red Flag flies high ...” Whenever we hear the song, we will sing along. The song is called Ode to the Motherland (《歌唱祖国》). It was written by Wang Xin. On October 1, 1949, Wang Xin attended the Founding Ceremony (开国大典) of the People’s Republic of China. He was deeply moved and decided to write a song at once for New China with his love and pride. He had many ideas but none was good enough for him. One day in September 1950, on the way to Beijing Railway Station, Wang Xin walked past Tian’anmen Square. The moment he saw the Five-Starred Red Flag flying in the wind, a few words for the song came into his mind. On the train back to Tianjin, when he saw the fields and mountains outside the window, the main part of the song began to take shape, “Over the mountains, across the plains (平原)…” When Wang Xin arrived home, he said with excitement, “I made it! I made it!” He completed the whole song right away. The next morning, he went to a local newspaper, and hoped to get the song published. But it wasn’t accepted. However, Wang Xin didn’t give up. He led a music group to perform the song in different places. The song really brought people power, pride and more love for the country. In September 1951, Ode to the Motherland was finally published in the People’s Daily and got popular across the country. From then on, it was sung during many important national events. Wang Xin once said, “I’ve written many works in my life, but I believe I’ve only written ‘two songs’. One is Ode to the Motherland, a song written with musical notes, and the other is a song written for the motherland with all my heart.” 1．When did Wang Xin attend the Founding Ceremony of the People’s Republic of China? 2．What two scenes reminded Wang Xin to create the main part of Ode to the Motherland? 3．What influence did the song Ode to the Motherland bring? 4．What did Wang Xin mean by saying he only wrote “two songs” in his life? 5．As a student, what can you do to express your love for the motherland besides singing patriotic(爱国的)songs? 【答案】1．On October 1, 2. 3．The first scene was the Five-Starred Red Flag flying in the wind at Tian’anmen Square, and the second one was the fields and mountains outside the train window. 4．The song brought people power, pride and more love for the country. 5．One was Ode to the Motherland written with musical notes, and the other was a song written for the motherland with all his heart. 6．I can study hard to make our country better and better in the future./ I can respect the national flag./… 【导语】本文主要介绍了王莘创作《歌唱祖国》的背景、过程，以及这首歌在全国产生的深远影响，体现了他对祖国的深情与热爱。 1．根据“On October 1, 1949, Wang Xin attended the Founding Ceremony of the People’s Republic of China.”可知，王莘在1949年10月1日参加了开国大典。故填On October 1, 1949. 2．根据“The moment he saw the Five-Starred Red Flag flying in the wind... On the train back to Tianjin, when he saw the fields and mountains outside the window, the main part of the song began to take shape.”可知，是天安门广场飘扬的五星红旗，以及火车窗外的田野和群山这两个场景，让他创作出了歌曲的主体部分。故填The first scene was the Five-Starred Red Flag flying in the wind at Tian’anmen Square, and the second one was the fields and mountains outside the train window. 3．根据“The song really brought people power, pride and more love for the country. From then on, it was sung during many important national events.”可知，这首歌给人们带来了力量、自豪感和对祖国更深的热爱，并且在许多重要的国家活动中被传唱。故填The song brought people power, pride and more love for the country. 4．根据“One is Ode to the Motherland, a song written with musical notes, and the other is a song written for the motherland with all my heart.”可知，王莘的意思是，他一生只写了两首 “歌”：一首是《歌唱祖国》这首有乐谱的歌曲，另一首是用全部心血为祖国谱写的生命之歌，体现了他对祖国的赤子之心。故填One was Ode to the Motherland written with musical notes, and the other was a song written for the motherland with all his heart. 5．本题为开放性问题，结合学生身份作答即可。参考答案为I can study hard to make our country better and better in the future./ I can respect the national flag./… Passage 9 We do it first thing in the morning, last thing at night, and perhaps every hour in between: scrolling (刷手机). Scrolling is one of those things that 20 years ago none of us ever did, but now most of us do it hundreds of times a day. You may even be doing it now! But here’s the thing: we know it doesn’t make us happy! People prefer talking to strangers over scrolling on their phones, a study has found—but that doesn’t always mean we make the right choice. Researchers from the US wanted to compare the way people expected to feel about doing three activities, and how people actually felt after doing them. These three activities were using a smartphone, having a conversation with a stranger and sitting alone. One group of participants (参与者) predicted how they would feel when doing each of these activities, giving them a score out of 100. Another group completed each activity and gave them a score out of 100 based on (基于) how positive they felt. While the researchers thought people might underestimate (低估) the positive (积极的) feelings they would get from talking to a stranger, they didn’t. People predicted this would give them the most positive feelings, and it did! Another group was given more choices about what to do on their phones: watch videos, text, or scroll social media. Or they could talk to a stranger, or sit alone. This time, watching videos was predicted to be the most positive activity, followed by talking to a stranger. However, among those who actually did it, the researchers still found that talking to a stranger was most likely to improve people’s moods (情绪). And sitting alone was always last. So will we all scroll less and talk more? 1．According to the passage, how does scrolling make us feel? 2．What are the three activities that researchers want to compare? 3．Which activity actually gave people the most positive feeling? 4．In all the studies, which activity was always the least positive? 5．Will we scroll less and talk more? Why do you think so? 【答案】1．Unhappy./Not happy./It doesn’t make us happy. 2．Using a smartphone, having a conversation with a stranger and sitting alone. 3．Talking to a stranger./Having a conversation with a stranger. 4．Sitting alone. 5．Yes. Because the study shows talking to others actually makes us happier than scrolling./Probably not. Because people nowadays depend too much on the phone. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过研究数据对比了刷手机、与陌生人交谈和独处三种活动对人们情绪的实际影响，指出尽管交谈更能带来积极情绪，但人们仍倾向于刷手机。 1．根据“But here’s the thing: we know it doesn’t make us happy!”可知，刷手机不会让我们感到开心。故填Unhappy./Not happy./It doesn’t make us happy. 2．根据“These three activities were using a smartphone, having a conversation with a stranger and sitting alone.”可知，研究者对比的三项活动为使用智能手机、与陌生人交谈和独处。故填Using a smartphone, having a conversation with a stranger and sitting alone. 3．根据“People predicted this would give them the most positive feelings, and it did!”和“the researchers still found that talking to a stranger was most likely to improve people’s moods”可知，实际带来最积极感受的活动是与陌生人交谈。故填Talking to a stranger./Having a conversation with a stranger. 4．根据“And sitting alone was always last.”可知，在所有研究中，独处是最不积极的活动。故填Sitting alone. 5．开放性问题，答案合理即可，参考答案为Yes. Because the study shows talking to others actually makes us happier than scrolling./Probably not. Because people nowadays depend too much on the phone. Passage 10 Recently, I started to use an app to keep a record of my running. Each run I wanted to go a little farther, run a little faster and burn more calories (卡路里). Last night I finished an 8.3 km run in 46 minutes and burnt 468 calories. In comparison, my run two days ago was 8.6 km in 46 minutes with 483 calories burnt. This inner self-comparison left me feeling disappointed. I became so focused on the numbers that I forgot to consider what I achieved. These tiny differences in numbers kept me away from the bigger picture: how did I actually feel after completing my most recent run? Well, honestly, I was completely tired out. What good is running to beat your top score if you don’t feel on top? We should exercise for the purpose of building our confidence. And working out harder and faster may serve that purpose. But confidence building comes with being able to do more in our day-to-day life, experiencing less pain and more freedom in movement, and feeling good after a workout. Fitness should help us with our quality of life, the ability to sleep, and good memory, among other things. Fitness should not just come with the eagerness for the success in numbers. In our busy lives, we only have limited time for fitness. When we do physical exercise, we should value what feels good over what looks or sounds good. Sometimes what serves us and our health is coming home and doing a light workout, like going on a short bike ride. Sometimes what serves us is simply going to sleep at 9:30 p.m. Instead of forcing ourselves into a workout. Apps of this kind are a great way for us to keep an eye on our health. But don’t read into the numbers to the point where you lose out on feeling proud that you are taking care of yourself. So my advice is: when you do physical exercise, make sure you feel good about yourself over feeling good about the numbers. 1．Why did the writer start to use the app? 2．What happened when he became too focused on the numbers? 3．According to the writer, what should be our purpose of doing exercise? 4．Why are apps of this kind a great way for us? 5．When you do physical exercise, which do you think is more important: feeling good about yourself or feeling good about the numbers? Why? 【答案】1．To keep a record of his running. 2．He felt disappointed and forgot to consider what he achieved. 3．Building our confidence. 4．Because they are a great way for us to keep an eye on our health. 5．Feeling good about yourself is more important because it helps build confidence and focuses on the real purpose of exercise rather than just numbers. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，作者讲述了自己开始用一款应用记录跑步情况，因过于关注数据而忽略自身实际感受，进而探讨了锻炼的目的，指出锻炼应是为了建立自信、提升生活质量等，不应只追求数据上的成功，还提到这类应用虽好但不能过度看重数据，最后给出锻炼时应更关注自身感受的建议。 1．根据 “Recently, I started to use an app to keep a record of my running.” 可知，作者开始使用这款应用是为了记录自己的跑步情况。故填To keep a record of his running. 2．根据 “This inner self-comparison left me feeling disappointed. I became so focused on the numbers that I forgot to consider what I achieved.” 可知，当作者过于关注数据时，他感到失望并且忘记考虑自己取得的成就。故填He felt disappointed and forgot to consider what he achieved. 3．根据 “We should exercise for the purpose of building our confidence.” 可知，作者认为我们锻炼的目的是建立自信。故填Building our confidence. 4．根据 “Apps of this kind are a great way for us to keep an eye on our health.” 可知，这类应用对我们来说是很好的方式是因为它们能让我们关注自己的健康。故填Because they are a great way for us to keep an eye on our health. 5．本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，结合自身喜好和理由，如关注自身感受有助于建立自信、关注锻炼真正目的等合理作答即可。故填Feeling good about yourself is more important because it helps build confidence and focuses on the real purpose of exercise rather than just numbers. Passage 11 2026 is the Year of the Horse in China. You may notice that horses appear in many Chinese idioms (成语). These horse-related sayings offer fascinating ideas into Chinese culture and ancient wisdom (智慧). “A horse that covers a thousand miles” is perhaps the most famous horse idiom. It describes someone with excellent talent or abilities. Chinese parents often use this phrase to encourage their children, hoping they’ll become “thousand-mile horses” and achieve great things. “A swift horse needs a good rider” adds another point to this idea. While talented people (“swift horses”) might be common, good leaders (“good riders”) who can find talented people are not common. This saying reminds us that having talent isn’t enough—you need someone who believes in you and gives you chances. “An old horse knows the way” celebrates the wisdom that comes with experience. Just as an old horse remembers the safest roads through mountains, experienced people can guide others through difficult situations. This idiom shows Chinese respect (尊重) for elders and their knowledge. “A painted horse won’t run” warns against valuing appearance over reality. No matter how beautifully you paint a horse, it will never run fast. Similarly, empty promises without real action are worthless. This idiom teaches Chinese to value practical results over empty words. “Ride a horse while looking for a better one” describes someone who keeps searching for better chances while managing their present situation. Chinese people use this idiom to describe practical, hard-working people who never stop improving themselves. 1．What kind of person is called “a thousand-mile horse”? 2．What can we do when we are in trouble according to “An old horse knows the way”? 3．Which idiom shares a similar meaning with “Actions speak louder than words”? 4．What spirit does the idiom “Ride a horse while looking for a better one” show? 5．If your friend is talented but has no chance, which idiom can you use to describe this situation? 【答案】1．Someone with excellent talent or abilities. 2．We can ask experienced people for help. 3．A painted horse won’t run. 4．It shows the spirit of being practical, hard-working and never stopping improving oneself. 5．A swift horse needs a good rider. 【导语】本文以2026马年为背景，介绍了多个与马相关的中文成语，解释了它们的含义与文化内涵，展现了中国文化与古老智慧。 1．根据“It describes someone with excellent talent or abilities.”可知，“千里马”指的是拥有卓越天赋和能力的人。故填Someone with excellent talent or abilities. 2．根据“Just as an old horse remembers the safest roads through mountains, experienced people can guide others through difficult situations.”可知，遇到困难时，我们可以向有经验的人寻求帮助或指引。故填We can ask experienced people for help. 3．根据“Actions speak louder than words.”可知，强调行动胜于言语，文中“A painted horse won’t run.”也表达了要重视实际行动而非空洞承诺的含义，二者表意相近。故填A painted horse won’t run. 4．根据“Chinese people use this idiom to describe practical, hard-working people who never stop improving themselves.”可知，该成语体现了务实、勤奋且不断自我提升的精神。故填It shows the spirit of being practical, hard-working and never stopping improving oneself. 5．根据“While talented people (‘swift horses’) might be common, good leaders (‘good riders’) who can find talented people are not common.”可知，“A swift horse needs a good rider.”可以用来描述有才华却缺少机会的处境。故填A swift horse needs a good rider. 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $