内容正文:
沪外教版英语七上Unit5语法讲解及习题
名词所有格 of 和 's
一、语法详细讲解
结合沪外教版七上Unit5 "Go sightseeing" 教材内容,本单元核心语法为 名词所有格 of 和 's,用于表达“……的”,表示所属关系。
语法点一:'s 所有格
1. 核心功能
主要用于表示人、动物、时间、组织或国家的所属关系,可译为“……的”。
2. 构成规则
情况
构成方式
例句
单数名词
直接加 's
the girl's bag 女孩的包
复数名词(不以-s结尾)
加 's
children's books 儿童读物
复数名词(以-s结尾)
只加 '
students' performance 学生们的表演
时间表达
加 's 或 '
yesterday's newspaper 昨天的报纸 three weeks' holiday 三周的假期
组织/国家
可加 's
the company's decision 公司的决定 India's population 印度的人口
语法点二:of 所有格
1. 核心功能
主要用于表示无生命的事物或抽象概念的所属关系,可译为“……的”。
2. 结构与例句
例:the foot of the bed 床脚
the beautiful view of the city skyline 城市天际线的美景
the population of India 印度的人口
语法点三:'s 与 of 的区别与互换
区别:'s 多用于人、动物、时间等;of 多用于无生命事物。
互换:在表示组织、国家或一些抽象概念时,两者可以互换。
例:the company's decision = the decision of the company
India's population = the population of India
二、语法专项习题
第一部分:基础填空
用 's 或 of 填空。
1. This is _____________ (Tom) new backpack.
2. The _____________ (children) room is very clean.
3. The top _____________ the mountain is covered with snow.
4. _____________ (Yesterday) newspaper is on the table.
5. This is the name _____________ a famous city.
6. The _____________ (students) desks are in the classroom.
7. The population _____________ China is very large.
8. This is _____________ (my sister) favourite book.
9. The door _____________ the classroom is green.
10. _____________ (Two hours) walk is a long way.
11. The _____________ (company) new product is very popular.
12. The story _____________ Harry Potter is very famous.
13. This is _____________ (the teacher) office.
14. The legs _____________ the table are made of wood.
15. _____________ (Australia) climate is warm and sunny.
第二部分:单项选择
16. This is ______ new car.
A. Tom's B. Toms' C. Tom of D. Toms
17. The ______ room is on the second floor.
A. teachers B. teachers' C. teacher's D. teacher of
18. This is the name ______ a famous place.
A. of B. 's C. for D. with
19. ______ newspaper is very interesting.
A. Today B. Today's C. Today of D. Todays'
20. The population ______ Australia is about 25 million.
A. of B. 's C. for D. with
21. This is ______ favourite animal.
A. my sister B. my sister's C. my sister of D. my sisters
22. The ______ holiday is very long.
A. three weeks B. three weeks' C. three week's D. three week
23. The door ______ the house is red.
A. of B. 's C. for D. with
24. The ______ decision is very important.
A. company B. company's C. company of D. companies
25. This is the story ______ a famous inventor.
A. of B. 's C. for D. with
第三部分:句型转换
26. This is Tom's bag.(改为同义句)
This bag is _____________ _____________ .
27. The window of the room is broken.(改为同义句)
The _____________ _____________ is broken.
28. This is the children's book.(改为同义句)
This book is _____________ _____________ .
29. The top of the mountain is very high.(改为同义句)
The _____________ _____________ is very high.
30. This is the name of the city.(改为同义句)
This is _____________ _____________ _____________ .
第四部分:短文填空
用 's 或 of 完成短文。
My Trip to Australia
Last year, I went to Australia. I visited the Sydney Opera House, one of the most famous landmarks 31. ______ the world. I also saw the Great Barrier Reef, one of the natural wonders 32. ______ Australia. The 33. ______ (kangaroo) babies are very cute. I bought a postcard with a picture 34. ______ the city skyline. It was a wonderful trip, and I will never forget the 35. ______ (Australia) warm and sunny climate.
三、答案及详细解析
第一部分:基础填空
1. Tom's 解析:单数名词Tom后加's表示所属。
2. children's 解析:复数名词children不以-s结尾,加's。
3. of 解析:表示无生命事物“山的顶部”,用of。
4. Yesterday's 解析:时间表达后加's表示所属。
5. of 解析:表示“一个著名城市的名字”,用of。
6. students' 解析:复数名词students以-s结尾,只加'。
7. of 解析:表示“中国的人口”,用of。
8. my sister's 解析:单数名词my sister后加's表示所属。
9. of 解析:表示“教室的门”,用of。
10. Two hours' 解析:复数时间名词two hours以-s结尾,只加'。
11. company's 解析:组织名词company后加's表示所属。
12. of 解析:表示“《哈利·波特》的故事”,用of。
13. the teacher's 解析:单数名词the teacher后加's表示所属。
14. of 解析:表示“桌子的腿”,用of。
15. Australia's 解析:国家名词Australia后加's表示所属。
第二部分:单项选择
16. A 解析:单数名词Tom后加's表示所属。
17. B 解析:复数名词teachers以-s结尾,只加'表示“老师们的”。
18. A 解析:表示“一个著名地方的名字”,用of。
19. B 解析:时间名词today后加's表示所属。
20. A 解析:表示“澳大利亚的人口”,用of。
21. B 解析:单数名词my sister后加's表示所属。
22. B 解析:复数时间名词three weeks以-s结尾,只加'。
23. A 解析:表示“房子的门”,用of。
24. B 解析:组织名词company后加's表示所属。
25. A 解析:表示“一个著名发明家的故事”,用of。
第三部分:句型转换
26. Tom's 解析:This is Tom's bag. = This bag is Tom's.
27. room's window 解析:The window of the room. = The room's window.
28. the children's 解析:This is the children's book. = This book is the children's.
29. mountain's top 解析:The top of the mountain. = The mountain's top.
30. the city's name 解析:This is the name of the city. = This is the city's name.
第四部分:短文填空
31. of 解析:表示“世界上最著名的地标之一”,用of。
32. of 解析:表示“澳大利亚的自然奇观之一”,用of。
33. kangaroo's 解析:单数名词kangaroo后加's表示所属。
34. of 解析:表示“城市天际线的照片”,用of。
35. Australia's 解析:国家名词Australia后加's表示所属。
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