Units 13-unit14语篇练词汇2025-2026学年人教版（2012）英语九年级全册

一、语篇练词汇 Unit13 （一） Fishing has been an important way of life for people around the world for centuries. Many (1) ________ (fisherman) have devoted their lives to this job, depending on rivers, lakes and seas to support their families. Some experienced fishermen know that fish often gather at the (2) ________ (bottom) of deep waters, while young fish prefer to stay near the (3) ________ (top) of the water where there is more food. However, modern life has brought great challenges to fishing areas. Some people (4) ________ (litter) everywhere without thinking, leaving tons of (5) ________ (litter) such as plastic bags and bottles in the water. This kind of pollution is (6) ________ (harm) to not only fish but also other marine creatures. What’s worse, it breaks the balance of the ecosystem, which is a big (7) ________ (disadvantage) for both nature and humans. Cleaning up the polluted water will (8) ________ (cost) a large amount of money and time, but we have to take action. For (9) ________ (science) fishing, fishermen need to learn proper methods. They should not catch young fish or too many fish at one time, as this will harm the fish population. Although some advanced fishing tools (10) ________ (cost) much, many fishermen can (11) ________ (afford) them because they bring long-term benefits. These tools help reduce the waste of resources and improve fishing efficiency—this is one of the (12) ________ (advantage) of using modern technology in traditional jobs. Besides, protecting the environment is everyone’s responsibility. We should never be (13) ________ (cruel) to animals or destroy their habitats. A clean and healthy environment can (14) ________ (inspire) people to love nature and live in harmony with it. Many artists and writers (15) ________ (draw) their inspiration from the beauty of natural waters, creating wonderful works that touch people’s hearts. Some fishermen used to (16) ________ (work) alone, but now they often cooperate with each other to share skills and protect the fishing grounds. For those who are out of (17) ________ (work), learning scientific fishing skills can help them find new jobs. It takes patience and effort to become a good fisherman, but the joy of harvesting through hard work is priceless. In short, fishing is not just a job but also a part of our culture. By combining tradition with science, we can ensure that fishing remains a valuable way of life for future generations. （二） Deep in the countryside, there was a small village at the 1.______ (bottom) of a green mountain, with a clear river running through it. For generations, 2.______ (fisherman) in the village made their living by 3.______ (fish) in the river—they knew every corner of the water and took pride in protecting the ecosystem there. However, as more people moved in, things began to change. Some visitors started to 4.______ (litter) carelessly, leaving plastic bags and bottles everywhere, and a small factory even poured waste water into the river secretly. Soon, the river water turned dark and smelly. The fish disappeared one by one, and the once beautiful river became a place of waste. The change was 5.______ (harm) not only to the river but also to the villagers’ lives. Most fishermen lost their jobs and were 6.______ of work. They couldn’t afford 7.______ (buy) new fishing tools, let alone support their families. The cost 8.______ rebuilding the river’s health seemed too high, and many people felt hopeless. Some even wanted to pull 9.______ the old wooden houses near the river and move to the city. One day, a young scientist came to the village. She had studied environmental science for years and brought 10.______ (science) methods to save the river. She explained that the advantage of protecting the ecosystem was far greater than short-term gains, and the disadvantage of ignoring pollution would lead 11.______ more serious problems. Her words inspired the villagers—they decided to take action. Volunteers organized clean-up activities, picking up litter from the riverbank and the bottom of the river. They learned to recycle waste materials: some made lovely crafts out 12.______ old cloth and bottles, while others set up a system to collect reusable items. Each time they worked together, they felt more confident. They also made rules to stop people from littering and asked the factory to treat its waste water properly. Slowly, the river began to recover. Clear water returned, and fish swam in it again. The photo of the river taken years ago now brings 13.______ sweet memories of their childhood to the villagers. What’s more, their efforts made a great difference 14.______ the whole area—other villages followed their example to protect their own environment. It’s never easy to repair a damaged ecosystem, but kindness and perseverance can always overcome difficulties. We should never be cruel 15.______ nature, for it provides us with life and inspiration. Everyone’s small action can lead to big changes, and we must put our resources to good 16.______ (use) to build a better world for future generations. 二、重点词汇及短语梳理 Unit 13重点词汇短语梳理 1. fisherman n. 意为 渔民；钓鱼的人复数 fishermen 2. bottom n. 意为 底部；最下部常用结构：在…… 底部 at the bottom of…反义短语：at the top of… 3. litterv. 意为 乱扔n. 意为 垃圾；废弃物 4. advantage n. 意为 优点；有利条件反义词 disadvantage 5. 常用结构：做…… 的优点 the advantage of doing sth. 6. costv. 意为 花费；价钱为n. 意为 成本；费用；代价常用结构：某物花某人多少钱 sth. cost (s) sb. + 钱（做）…… 的费用 the cost of (doing) sth. 7. harmful adj. 意为 有害的反义词 harmless词形变化：n. harm常用结构：对…… 有害 be harmful to… / do harm to… 8. scientific adj. 意为 科学的词形变化 n. science / scientist 9. afford v. 意为 承担得起；买得起；抽出（时间）常用结构：负担得起做…… afford to do sth. 10. workn. 意为 工作；（音乐、艺术）作品v. 意为 工作；运转；起作用 11. inspiration n. 意为 灵感；鼓舞人心的人 / 事词形变化：v. inspire 12. cruel adj. 意为 残酷的；残忍的常用结构：对…… 残忍 be cruel to… 13. wooden adj. 意为 木制的；木头的词形变化：n. wood 14. reusable adj. 意为 可重复使用的词形变化：v. reuse 15 recycle v. 意为 回收利用；再利用过去式为 recycled 15. ecosystem n. 意为 生态系统 16. make a difference (to) 对…… 起作用，有影响 17. lead to 通向；导致 18. each time 每次 19. put sth. to good use 好好利用；充分利用 20. pull down 拆除；拆毁 21. make … out of 用…… 制成 22. bring back 恢复；使想起；归还 23. take action 采取行动 一、语篇练词汇 Unit 14 （一） As we are about to finish junior high school, our head teacher decided to 1______ (do) a survey of our feelings and learning experiences in the past three years. All the teachers in our grade joined in this activity, and they 2______ (instruct) us to write down our true thoughts without any lies, following the clear 3______ (instruct) on the paper carefully. In the survey, we were asked to talk about whether we had reached the school's learning 4______ (standard) and how much pressure we felt from study. To our teachers' surprise, the number of students who thought they were under great pressure had 5______ (double) compared with that of the first year. Different students had different 6______ (degree) of pressure: some worried about not passing the senior high school entrance exam, some felt stressed about keeping up with the top students, and others were tired of endless homework and exams. Most of us wrote that the 7______ (standard) of the daily exercises was a little high for some slow learners, and they needed more patience and help from teachers. Some students also suggested that the school should cut the homework amount in half, so that we could have more time to review what we had learned and develop our hobbies, instead of spending 8______ (double) the time on boring exercises every day. After collecting and analyzing all the forms, the teachers held a meeting to discuss the result of the 9______ (survey). They said they would take our suggestions seriously and adjust the teaching plan to reduce our study pressure to a proper 10______ (degree). At the same time, they would provide extra help for students who couldn't reach the basic 11______ (standard) in main subjects, and 12______ (instruct) them in basic learning skills after class to help them catch up. We all believe that with the teachers' efforts, our learning experience will become better, and we can face the final exam with a lighter heart and a higher 13______ (degree) of confidence. （二） When the final junior high school exam ended, our class decided to do a 1______ (survey) about the most unforgettable moments in the past three years. Our monitor 2______ (instruct) us to collect everyone’s answers first, and we all followed her clear 3______ (instruct) carefully. We found that most of us thought we had improved a lot and reached the 4______ (standard) the school set for us. The number of students who made close friends in junior high has 5______ (double) since the first day we met. We have different 6______ (degree) of understanding about growth, but we all agree that school life taught us to be kind and brave. We are truly 7______ (thank) to our teachers. They not only 8______ (instruct) us in all kinds of learning skills but also teach us to be 9______ (responsible) for our study and life. They often tell us to be 10______ (thirsty) for knowledge and keep learning all the time. Last week, we had a graduation ceremony. Our head teacher 11______ (congratulate) us on our success and told us that the 12______ (separate) from junior high was just a new beginning. He said the 13______ (survey) result made him feel proud, and he hoped we would keep the high 14______ (standard) of being a good student in senior high. We also 15______ (congratulate) each other and exchanged gifts. Though we will 16______ (separate) from each other and go to different senior high schools, our friendship will never end. We all believe that with a high 17______ (degree) of courage and hard work, we can realize our dreams. In the future, we will always be 18______ (thank) to our school and teachers, be 19______ (responsible) for our own choices, and stay 20______ (thirsty) for all the beautiful things in life. （三） How time 1______ (go by)! Three years of junior high school life has passed, and we are standing at the door of 2______ (graduate). Our school did a 3______ (survey) about our school life memories, and the teacher 4______ (instruct) us to write down the most touching moments. We all followed the 5______ (instruct) on the paper and shared our true feelings honestly. In the past three years, we have tried our best to reach the school’s 6______ (standard) of learning. We overcame many difficulties together, and the number of challenges we 7______ (overcome) in study has 8______ (double). We used different 9______ (method) to solve problems, and our teachers always 10______ (guide) us 11______ (work) hard and never give up. They 12______ (投入) a lot of time and energy for our growth, and some of them even 13______ (guide) us 14______ the classroom to talk with us patiently when we were upset. We have won prizes 15______ a row for our class activities, and we never make a mess 16__________our classroom. When we faced exams, our teachers told us 17______ (keep) our cool and believe in ourselves. Now, we are full of hope for the future 18______ (ahead of) us, and we are ready to 19______ (出发) on a new journey. Last week, our school held a wonderful graduation 20______ (ceremony). Our head teacher 21______ (congratulate) us 22______ our graduation and said the 23______ (separate) from junior high school is a new start. We are 24______ (thank) to all our teachers and classmates, and we 25______ (look back at) these happy days with great love. 26______ (thank) for their help, we have grown into better people; 27______ (thank) to the three years’ experience, we know how to be 28______ (care) to others and 29______ (responsibility) for our own life. We have a high 30______ (degree) of pride in our growth, and we will always remember to be 31______ (thirsty) for knowledge. Finally, we all 32______ (congratulate) each other and said: "May we meet a better self in the future!" We know that we will 33______ (separate) from each other soon, but the friendship between us will never fade. This precious junior high school life will stay in our hearts forever. 二、重点词汇及短语梳理 Unit 14重点词汇短语梳理 1. survey n. 意为 调查常用结构：做…… 的调查 do a survey of… 2. standardn. 意为 标准；水平adj. 意为 标准的 3. instruction n. 意为 指示；命令；说明；教导词形变化：v. instruct常用结构：命令某人做某事 instruct sb. to do sth.教某人某种技巧 instruct sb. in sth. 4. doubleadj. 意为 两倍的；加倍的v. 意为 加倍；是…… 的两倍 5. degree n. 意为 度数；学位；程度 6. congratulate vt. 意为 祝贺词形变化：congratulation (n.)常用结构：向某人祝贺 congratulate sb.因某事向某人祝贺 congratulate sb. on sth. 7. separatevt./vi. 意为 分开；分离adj. 意为 单独的；分开的词形变化：n. separation常用结构：把…… 分离，隔开 separate … from … 8. thankful adj. 意为 感谢；感激词形变化：v. thank常用结构：对某人心存感激 be thankful to sb.因某事而感激 be thankful for sth. 9. responsible adj. 意为 有责任的；负责的常用结构：对…… 有责任、负责任 be responsible for… 10. thirsty adj. 意为 口渴的；渴望的词形变化：n. thirst常用结构：渴望，渴求 be thirsty for… 11. graduation n. 意为 毕业词形变化：v. graduate常用结构：毕业于…… graduate from… 12. ceremony n. 意为 典礼；仪式常用结构：开幕式 opening ceremony 13. overcome v. 意为 克服；战胜过去式 overcame，过去分词 overcome相当于 get over 14. method n. 意为 方法；办法 Unit 13答案 （一） fishermen 2. bottom 3. top 4. litter 5. litter 6. harmful 7. disadvantage 8. cost 9. scientific 10. cost 11. afford 12. advantages 13. cruel 14. inspire 15. draw 16. work 17. work 逐空解析 fishermen：考点为名词单复数。前有修饰词many（许多），后接可数名词复数，fisherman的复数形式为不规则变化fishermen。 bottom：考点为固定搭配。at the bottom of为固定短语，意为 “在…… 的底部”，此处用单数原形即可。 top：考点为固定搭配。at the top of为固定短语，意为 “在…… 的顶部”，与前文bottom形成对应，用单数原形。 litter：考点为动词时态。本文整体为一般现在时，主语some people是复数，谓语动词用原形litter（乱扔垃圾）。 litter：考点为名词用法。litter表示 “垃圾” 时为不可数名词，前有tons of（大量的）修饰，仍用原形。 harmful：考点为词性转换。固定搭配be harmful to意为 “对…… 有害”，需将名词harm（伤害）转换为形容词harmful（有害的）。 disadvantage：考点为名词单复数。前有不定冠词a，后接可数名词单数，用disadvantage（弊端；不利条件）。 cost：考点为动词形式。情态动词will后接动词原形，用cost（花费）。 scientific：考点为词性转换。修饰名词fishing（捕鱼）需用形容词，将名词science（科学）转换为scientific（科学的）。 cost：考点为动词时态和主谓一致。本文为一般现在时，主语some advanced fishing tools是复数，谓语动词用原形cost（花费）。 afford：考点为动词形式。情态动词can后接动词原形，用afford（买得起；负担得起）。 advantages：考点为名词单复数。固定搭配one of + 可数名词复数，意为 “…… 之一”，故advantage变复数advantages（优势）。 cruel：考点为形容词用法。固定搭配be cruel to意为 “对…… 残忍”，用形容词cruel（残忍的）原形。 inspire：考点为动词形式。情态动词can后接动词原形，用inspire（激励；鼓舞）。 draw：考点为动词时态和主谓一致。一般现在时，主语many artists and writers是复数，谓语动词用原形draw；draw inspiration from为固定搭配，意为 “从…… 汲取灵感”。 work：考点为固定搭配。used to do sth.意为 “过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形work（工作）。 work：考点为固定短语。out of work为固定搭配，意为 “失业”，用名词work原形。 （二） bottom 2. fishermen 3. fishing 4. litter 5. harmful 6. out 7. to buy 8. of 9. down 10. scientific 11. to 12. of 13. back 14. to 15. to 16. use 逐空解析 bottom：考点为固定搭配。at the bottom of意为 “在…… 的底部”，修饰a green mountain，用单数原形。 fishermen：考点为名词单复数。此处指村里的渔民，为复数概念，fisherman的复数为fishermen。 fishing：考点为非谓语动词。固定搭配by doing sth.意为 “通过做某事”，by为介词，后接动词 - ing 形式fishing。 litter：考点为固定搭配。start to do sth.意为 “开始做某事”，后接动词原形litter（乱扔垃圾）。 harmful：考点为词性转换 + 固定搭配。be harmful to意为 “对…… 有害”，将名词harm转换为形容词harmful。 out：考点为固定短语。前文提到 “渔民失去工作”，out of work为固定搭配，意为 “失业”，填out。 to buy：考点为固定搭配。afford to do sth.意为 “负担得起做某事”，后接动词不定式to buy。 of：考点为固定搭配。the cost of doing sth.意为 “做某事的成本”，of表示 “…… 的”，填of。 down：考点为固定短语。根据语境 “搬到城市”，可知想拆掉河边的老房子，pull down为固定搭配，意为 “拆除；推倒”，填down。 scientific：考点为词性转换。修饰名词methods（方法）需用形容词，将名词science转换为scientific（科学的）。 to：考点为固定搭配。lead to为固定短语，意为 “导致”，后接结果，填to。 of：考点为固定搭配。make...out of...意为 “用…… 制作……”，填of。 back：考点为固定搭配。根据语境 “多年前的河流照片”，可知唤起童年的美好回忆，bring back为固定短语，意为 “使回忆起；带回”，填back。 to：考点为固定搭配。make a great difference to为固定短语，意为 “对…… 产生重大影响”，填to。 to：考点为固定搭配。be cruel to意为 “对…… 残忍”，此处指对自然残忍，填to。 use：考点为固定搭配。put...to good use为固定短语，意为 “充分利用……”，填名词use原形。 Unit14答案 （一） 1. do 2. instructed 3. instructions 4. standards 5. doubled 6. degrees 7. standard 8. double 9. survey 10. degree 11. standards 12. instruct 13. degree 逐空解析 do：考点为固定搭配。decide to do sth.（决定做某事），情态动词后接动词原形。 instructed：考点为动词时态。全文为一般过去时（讲述初中毕业前的调查经历），谓语动词用过去式，instruct的过去式为规则变化instructed。 instructions：考点为词性转换 + 名词单复数。形容词clear（清晰的）修饰名词，instruct（动词，指导）的名词形式为instruction（指示；说明），且 “纸上的说明” 为复数概念，变instructions。 standards：考点为名词单复数。school's learning standards（学校的学习标准），“标准” 为复数概念，用standards。 doubled：考点为动词时态。助动词had后接过去分词，构成过去完成时，double的过去分词为doubled。 degrees：考点为名词单复数。different（不同的）后接可数名词复数，degree（程度）的复数为degrees；different degrees of pressure（不同程度的压力）为固定表达。 standard：考点为名词用法。此处指 “日常练习的标准”，为单数泛指概念，用standard原形。 double：考点为形容词用法。修饰名词the time，用形容词double（双倍的）；double the time（双倍的时间）。 survey：考点为名词用法。定冠词the后接单数名词，指前文提到的 “这次调查”，用survey原形。 degree：考点为固定搭配。a proper degree（合适的程度），不定冠词a后接可数名词单数。 standards：考点为名词单复数。basic standards（基本标准），“学科的基本标准” 为复数概念，用standards。 instruct：考点为动词形式。并列句中，情态动词would后接动词原形，与provide并列，用instruct。 degree：考点为固定搭配。a higher degree of confidence（更高程度的自信），不定冠词a后接单数名词。 （二） 1. survey 2. instructed 3. instructions 4. standards 5. doubled 6. degrees 7. thankful 8. instruct 9. responsible 10. thirsty 11. congratulated 12. separation 13. survey 14. standards 15. congratulated 16. separate 17. degree 18. thankful 19. responsible 20. thirsty 逐空解析 survey：考点为名词用法。do a survey（做一项调查），固定搭配，不定冠词a后接单数名词。 instructed：考点为动词时态。全文为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式instructed。 instructions：考点为词性转换 + 单复数。形容词clear修饰名词，instruct的名词形式instruction用复数instructions（指示）。 standards：考点为名词单复数。the standards the school set（学校制定的标准），复数概念，用standards。 doubled：考点为动词时态。助动词has后接过去分词，构成现在完成时，用doubled。 degrees：考点为名词单复数。different后接可数名词复数，用degrees；different degrees of understanding（不同程度的理解）。 thankful：考点为词性转换。固定搭配be thankful to sb.（对某人心存感激），将动词thank转换为形容词thankful（感激的）。 instruct：考点为动词时态。一般现在时，主语they（老师们）为复数，谓语动词用原形instruct。 responsible：考点为词性转换。固定搭配be responsible for sth.（对某事负责），将名词responsibility转换为形容词responsible（负责任的）。 thirsty：考点为固定搭配。be thirsty for sth.（渴望某物），形容词thirsty（渴望的）原形。 congratulated：考点为动词时态。一般过去时，讲述毕业典礼的经历，congratulate的过去式为congratulated；congratulate sb. on sth.（为某事祝贺某人）。 separation：考点为词性转换。定冠词the后接名词，将动词separate（分离）转换为名词separation（分离；离别）。 survey：考点为名词用法。the survey result（调查结果），特指前文的调查，用单数原形。 standards：考点为名词单复数。keep the high standards（保持高标准），“标准” 为复数概念，用standards。 congratulated：考点为动词时态。一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式congratulated。 separate：考点为动词形式。情态动词will后接动词原形separate（分离）；separate from sb.（与某人分离）。 degree：考点为固定搭配。a high degree of courage（高度的勇气），不定冠词a后接单数名词。 thankful：考点为固定搭配。be thankful to sb./sth.（对…… 感激），用形容词thankful。 responsible：考点为固定搭配。be responsible for sth.（对某事负责），用形容词responsible。 thirsty：考点为固定搭配。stay thirsty for sth.（始终渴望某物），stay为系动词，后接形容词thirsty。 （三） 1. goes by 2. graduation 3. survey 4. instructed 5. instructions 6. standards 7. overcame 8. doubled 9. methods 10. guided 11. to work 12. devoted 13. guided 14. out of 15. in 16. of 17. to keep 18. ahead of 19. set out 20. ceremony 21. congratulated 22. on 23. separation 24. thankful 25. will look back at 26. Thanks 27. thanks 28. caring 29. responsible 30. degree 31. thirsty 32. congratulated 33. separate 逐空解析 goes by：考点为固定搭配 + 主谓一致。How time goes by!（时光飞逝！）为固定句型，主语time为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数goes by。 graduation：考点为词性转换。介词of后接名词，将动词graduate（毕业）转换为名词graduation（毕业）。 survey：考点为名词用法。do a survey（做调查），固定搭配，不定冠词a后接单数名词。 instructed：考点为动词时态。一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式instructed。 instructions：考点为名词单复数。the instructions on the paper（纸上的说明），复数概念，用instructions。 standards：考点为名词单复数。the school’s standards of learning（学校的学习标准），复数概念，用standards。 overcame：考点为动词时态。一般过去时，讲述过去克服的困难，overcome的过去式为不规则变化overcame。 doubled：考点为动词时态。助动词has后接过去分词，构成现在完成时，用doubled。 methods：考点为名词单复数。different后接可数名词复数，method（方法）的复数为methods。 guided：考点为动词时态。一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式guided（指导）。 to work：考点为固定搭配。guide sb. to do sth.（指导某人做某事），后接动词不定式。 devoted：考点为固定搭配 + 时态。devote a lot of time and energy for sth.（为某事投入大量时间和精力），一般过去时，用devoted。 guided：考点为动词时态。一般过去时，与前文devoted并列，用guided。 out of：考点为固定搭配。out of the classroom（走出教室），结合语境 “老师走出教室和我们谈心”，填out of。 in：考点为固定搭配。in a row（连续地），win prizes in a row（连续获奖）。 of：考点为固定搭配。make a mess of sth.（把某物弄得一团糟），固定短语。 to keep：考点为固定搭配。tell sb. to do sth.（告诉某人做某事），后接动词不定式to keep；keep one's cool（保持冷静）。 ahead of：考点为固定短语。ahead of us（在我们面前），介词短语作后置定语，用原形。 set out：考点为固定搭配。be ready to do sth.（准备做某事），后接动词原形，set out（出发）为固定短语。 ceremony：考点为名词用法。a graduation ceremony（一场毕业典礼），不定冠词a后接单数名词。 congratulated：考点为动词时态。一般过去时，讲述毕业典礼上的讲话，用congratulated。 on：考点为固定搭配。congratulate sb. on sth.（为某事祝贺某人），填介词on。 separation：考点为词性转换。定冠词the后接名词，将动词separate转换为名词separation（离别）。 thankful：考点为固定搭配。be thankful to sb.（对某人感激），用形容词thankful。 will look back at：考点为动词时态。结合语境 “我们将满怀爱意回忆这些美好时光”，用一般将来时，填will look back at。 Thanks：考点为固定搭配。Thanks for sth.（感谢某事 / 某物），句首首字母大写，填Thanks。 thanks：考点为固定搭配。thanks to sth.（多亏了某事），固定短语。 caring：考点为词性转换。be caring to others（对他人关心），将动词care转换为形容词caring（关心他人的）。 responsible：考点为固定搭配。be responsible for sth.（对某事负责），用形容词responsible。 degree：考点为固定搭配。a high degree of pride（高度的自豪感），不定冠词a后接单数名词。 thirsty：考点为固定搭配。be thirsty for knowledge（渴望知识），用形容词thirsty。 congratulated：考点为动词时态。一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式congratulated。 separate：考点为动词形式。情态动词will后接动词原形separate；separate from each other（彼此分离）。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $