Unit 1 We're friends. 知识点整理（知识清单）-2025-2026学年译林版（三起）英语四年级下册

译林版四年级下册 Unit 1 We're friends知识点全解 一、单词 (16个) 单词 中文意思 记忆小窍门 become 变成 be + come = 变成 weak 虚弱的 we + ak(AK) → 我们（we）是AK？ strong 强壮的 与strong(力量)相关 there 有 与here(这里)对比记忆 them 它们/他们/她们 they的宾格形式 party 聚会 谐音“派对” just 就像 just now(刚才) friendship 友谊 friend + ship = 友谊之船 forest 森林 for + rest(休息) → 去森林休息 thin 瘦的 反义词：fat(胖的) hole 洞 谐音“吼”→ 洞里传出吼声 angry 生气的 谐音：an（俺）+ gry（哥瑞） 联想：“俺哥瑞现在很生气！” 谐音：an（俺）+ gry（哥瑞） · 谐音：an（俺）+ gry（哥瑞） · · 谐音：an（俺）+ gry（哥瑞） · · 联想：“俺哥瑞现在很生气！” 谐音：an（俺）+ gry（哥瑞） · · 联想：“俺哥瑞现在很生气！” · back 背部 背包(backpack)背在背上 net 网 网球(tennis)用网 sad 难过的 反义词：happy(开心的) kind 友好的/体贴的 谐音“开（可）爱的”→ 友好的 二、词组 (26个) （一）核心词组 1. become good friends — 成为好朋友 例句：The lion and the mouse become good friends. (狮子和老鼠成了好朋友。) 2. get together — 聚会；相聚 例句：My family gets together at Spring Festival. (我家人在春节相聚。) 3. so many carrots — 如此多的胡萝卜 例句：There are so many carrots in the garden. (花园里有这么多胡萝卜。) 4. share...with... — 与……分享…… 例句：I want to share my snacks with you. (我想和你分享我的零食。) 5. be from / come from — 来自 例句：I am from China. = I come from China. (我来自中国。) 6. thank you for — 为……感谢你 例句：Thank you for the carrots, Ruby. (谢谢你的胡萝卜，鲁比。) 7. have a fruit party — 举办水果派对 例句：Let's have a fruit party this weekend. (这个周末我们举办水果派对吧。) 8. so sweet — 如此甜 例句：Like our friendship! So sweet! (就像我们的友谊一样甜！) 9. just like — 就像 例句：Just like our friendship! (就像我们的友谊一样！) 10. our friendship — 我们的友谊 例句：Our friendship will last forever. (我们的友谊会天长地久。) 11. get from — 从……得到…… 例句：I get carrots from Ruby. (我从鲁比那里得到胡萝卜。) 12. don't know how to ride — 不知道怎么骑 例句：I don't know how to ride a bike. (我不知道怎么骑自行车。) 13. come to help — 来帮忙 例句：My friends come to help me. (我的朋友们来帮我。) 14. side by side — 肩并肩 例句：We walk side by side. (我们肩并肩走着。) （二）课文重点词组 15. in the forest — 在森林里 例句：There are many animals in the forest. (森林里有许多动物。) 16. big and strong — 又大又强壮 例句：The lion is big and strong. (狮子又大又强壮。) 17. small and thin — 又小又瘦 例句：The mouse is small and thin. (老鼠又小又瘦。) 18. one day — 有一天 例句：One day, the mouse helps the lion. (有一天，老鼠帮助了狮子。) 19. on my back — 在我的背上 例句：Why are you on my back? (你为什么在我背上？) 20. help you — 帮助你 例句：I can help you one day. (总有一天我能帮你。) 21. so weak — 如此虚弱 例句：The mouse is so weak. (老鼠如此虚弱。) 22. go away — 走开 例句：Go away, little mouse! (走开，小老鼠！) 23. in the net — 在网里 例句：The lion is in the net. (狮子被困在网里。) 24. make a hole — 挖一个洞 例句：The mouse makes a hole in the net. (老鼠在网里挖了一个洞。) 25. so kind — 如此善良 例句：The mouse is so kind. (老鼠如此善良。) 26. share the food and the happiness together — 一起分享食物，共享快乐 例句：We share the food and the happiness together. (我们一起分享食物，共享快乐。) 三、句子 (15个) （一）重点句型 1. We become good friends! — 我们成为好朋友啦！ 解析：become + 名词短语，表示“成为……”。 2. There are so many carrots. — 这里有好多胡萝卜。 解析：There be句型，表示“某地有某物”。 3. I want to share them with my friends. — 我想和我的朋友们分享它们。 解析：want to do sth. = would like to do sth. (想要做某事) 4. Thank you for the carrots, Ruby. — 谢谢你的胡萝卜，鲁比。 解析：Thank you for + 名词/代词/动名词 5. We want to share our fruit with you. — 我们想把我们的水果分享给你。 解析：share sth. with sb. (和某人分享某物) 6. Like our friendship! — 就像我们的友谊一样甜！ 解析：like作介词，表示“像……一样”。 7. There are many animals in the forest. — 森林里有许多动物。 解析：There be句型，animals是复数，用are。 8. The lion is big and strong. — 狮子又大又强壮。 解析：形容词描述，and连接两个形容词。 9. The mouse is small and thin. — 老鼠又小又瘦弱。 解析：形容词描述，small和thin都是形容老鼠的特征。 10. Why are you on my back, little mouse? — 小老鼠，你为什么在我背上？ 解析：why引导特殊疑问句，询问原因。 11. How can you help me? — 你怎么帮我？ 解析：how引导特殊疑问句，询问方式。 12. The lion is in the net. — 狮子被困在网里。 解析：in the net (在网里) 13. There is a big hole in the net. — 网上出现了一个大洞。 解析：There be句型，hole是单数，用is。 14. The lion and the mouse become good friends. — 狮子和老鼠成了好朋友。 解析：become + 名词短语 15. We share the food and the happiness together. — 我们一起分享食物，共享快乐。 解析：share...together (一起分享……) 四、语音 /ai/ 发音规则 字母 i 在开音节中发 /ai/ 音 例词 单词 发音 意思 like /laɪk/ 喜欢 kite /kaɪt/ 风筝 bike /baɪk/ 自行车 five /faɪv/ 五 time /taɪm/ 时间 nice /naɪs/ 好的 rice /raɪs/ 米饭 white /waɪt/ 白色的 五、语法详解 1. there be 句型 （1）基本用法 表示“某地存在某物/某人”，be动词的单复数由后面的名词决定，遵循“就近原则”。 结构 用法 例句 There is + 单数名词 单数名词用is There is a book in the schoolbag. There is + 不可数名词 不可数名词用is There is some water in the glass. There are + 复数名词 复数名词用are There are some chairs in the classroom. （2）就近原则 当句子中不止一种物品时，be动词的单复数由离它最近的物品决定。 There are some pictures and a telephone. (离be近的是pictures复数，用are) There is a telephone and some pictures. (离be近的是telephone单数，用is) （3）句型转换 ① 否定句 在be动词后加not (is not = isn't, are not = aren't) 把some改成any 肯定句 否定句 There is a pencil in the box. There isn't a pencil in the box. There are some crayons on the desk. There aren't any crayons on the desk. ② 一般疑问句 把be动词(is/are)提到句首，句末变问号 some变成any 肯定句 一般疑问句 回答 There is a book on the desk. Is there a book on the desk? Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. There are some apples on the tree. Are there any apples on the tree? Yes, there are. / No, there aren't. ③ 特殊疑问句 提问内容 句型结构 例句 对名词提问 What's + 地点? There are some books on the desk. → What's on the desk? 对数量提问 How many + 复数名词 + are there + 地点? There are three books on the desk. → How many books are there on the desk? （4）there be vs. have 区别 there be have 含义 某地存在某物（客观存在） 某人拥有某物（所属关系） 主语 地点 人/物 例句 There is a book on the desk. (桌子上有一本书。) I have a book. (我有一本书。) 2. 情态动词 can （1）基本用法 can表示能力、请求或承诺，后接动词原形(can + do)，无人称和数的变化。 用法 含义 例句 表能力 能够 I can help you one day. (我能帮你。) 表请求 可以 Can you help me? (你能帮我吗？) 表承诺 会 I can make a hole. (我会挖洞。) （2）句型转换 ① 否定句can + not = can't，动词保持原形 肯定句 否定句 They can finish the work. They can't finish the work. I can swim. I can't swim. ② 一般疑问句 将can提到主语前 第一人称(I/we)改为第二人称(you) 肯定句 一般疑问句 回答 I can speak English. Can you speak English? Yes, I can. / No, I can't. She can sing. Can she sing? Yes, she can. / No, she can't. ③ 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 肯定句 特殊疑问句 She can sing. What can she do? We can meet here. Where can we meet? 3. 名词单复数 （1）规则变化 大多数名词变复数直接加 -s 单数 复数 意思 carrot carrots 胡萝卜 tree trees 树 friend friends 朋友 animal animals 动物 （2）特殊用法 fruit：表示“水果”时通常为不可数名词；表示“不同种类的水果”时可用复数 fruits food：表示“食物”总称时通常为不可数名词（集合名词） 4. 介词的用法 （1）表来源：from 意思：来自…… 短语：be from = come from (来自) I am from China. = I come from China. (我来自中国。) 例句：They're from my friend Ruby. (它们来自我的朋友鲁比。) （2）表方位：on / in 介词 用法 例句 on 在……上面 on my back (在我背上) in 在……里面 in the net (在网里)；in the forest (在森林里) （3）表对象：with 用法：with + 代词宾格/名词，表示“和……一起” 短语：share...with... (和……分享……) I share carrots with my friends. (我和朋友们分享胡萝卜。) 其他搭配：play with (和……玩) go with (和……一起去) 5. like的用法 （1）like作动词：喜欢 用法 结构 例句 喜欢某物 like + 名词 She likes cats. (她喜欢猫。) 长期爱好 like + doing My mom likes cooking. (我妈妈喜欢做饭。) 具体意愿 like + to do I like to read before bed. (我喜欢睡前读书。) （2）like作介词：像；如同 用法 结构 例句 be like 像……一样（性格/外貌） What's your sister like? (你姐姐性格怎么样？) look like 看起来像 She looks like her mother. (她长得像她妈妈。) sound like 听起来像 It sounds like a good plan. (听起来是个好计划。) 课文例句： Just like our friendship! (就像我们的友谊一样！) 6. 其他语法知识点 （1）Thank you for... 谢谢你…… 结构：Thank you for + 名词/代词(宾格)/动名词 类型 例句 + 名词 Thank you for the lovely gift. (谢谢你可爱的礼物。) + 代词宾格 Thank you for it. (谢谢你。) + 动名词 Thank you for helping me. (谢谢你帮我。) （2）want to do sth. = would like to do sth. 想要做某事 例句：I want to watch a movie. = I would like to watch a movie. (我想看电影。) （3）how to do sth. 如何做某事 常见搭配：know how to do / learn how to do / show how to do 例句：I don't know how to use this phone. (我不知道怎么用这部手机。) （4）come to do sth. 来做某事 例句：My cousin comes to visit us. (我的表妹来拜访我们。) （5）help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 例句：Lily helps her brother finish homework. (莉莉帮她弟弟完成作业。) （6）be + 形容词 描述状态 be angry：生气 My mum is angry because I don't do my homework. (我妈妈生气因为我没有写作业。) be kind to sb.：对某人友善 The teacher is kind to every student. (老师对每个学生都很友善。) （7）become + 形容词 变得…… 例句：The weather becomes cold. (天气变冷了。) 六、易错点提醒 易错点1：there be 与 have 混淆 ❌ 误：I have a book on the desk. ✅ 正：There is a book on the desk. (强调存在) ✅ 正：I have a book. (强调拥有) 易错点2：there be 就近原则出错 ❌ 误：There is two dogs and a cat. ✅ 正：There are two dogs and a cat. (离be近的是dogs复数) 易错点3：can后接动词忘记用原形 ❌ 误：She can sings. ✅ 正：She can sing. 易错点4：like作介词时漏掉be动词 ❌ 误：He like his father. ✅ 正：He is like his father. (他像他爸爸。) 易错点5：share with 介词用错 ❌ 误：I share my toys to my friend. ✅ 正：I share my toys with my friend. 易错点6：Thank you for 后接动词忘记用-ing ❌ 误：Thank you for help me. ✅ 正：Thank you for helping me. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $