Unit 4 Back in time（知识清单）英语外研版三起五年级下册（新教材）

Unit 4 Back in time.知 识 归 纳 语音语调 字母组合oi在单词中可发 /ɔɪ/ 音: join, coin, point, noise, voice 字母组合oy在单词中可发 /ɔɪ/ 音: destroy, boy, toy, joy, enjoy 特殊疑问句的语调是降调。 例: What did ancient people eat?↘ How did dumplings come to Xinjiang? ↘ 一般过去时的一般疑问句升调，回答降调。 例: Did people eat dumplings in the Tang Dynasty?↗ Yes, they did.↘ 必记单词 lamp（灯）, pot（锅）, pillow（枕头）, mirror（镜子）, ancient（古代的）, shape（形状，外形）, nobody（没有人，无人）, central（中部的）, plain（大平原）, silk（丝绸）, during（在…… 期间）, trade（买卖，交易）, border（边境；边界）, East（东方国家）, West（西方，西方世界）, expensive（昂贵的，花钱多的）, clearly（清楚地，明白地）, office（办公室）, river（江，河）, difficult（困难的）, pull（拉；扯；拖）, hole（洞，孔，坑）, block（一块）, cheese（奶酪）, fill（使）充满，protect（保护；防护）, destroy（破坏，摧毁，毁掉）, voice（声音）, through（穿过，通过）, space（空间）, digital（数字的）, project（工程；项目；计划）, guide（带领，引导）, thought（想法）, expert（专家）, internet（因特网） 常考短语 from the past（来自过去）, in the shape of（呈…… 的形状）, a new moon（新月）, for sure（确切地）, date back to（追溯到）, the Tang Dynasty（唐朝）, the Central Plains（中原）, the ancient Silk Road（古丝绸之路）, trade centre（贸易中心）, dig a hole（挖洞）, a block of cheese（一块奶酪）, stay safe from（免受…… 的伤害）, hidden near（隐藏在附近）, fill one's heart（填满某人的心房）, ring out（响起）, through the space（穿过空间）, take photos of（给…… 拍照）, digital project（数字项目）, on the internet（在网上）, living museum（活态博物馆）, time machine（时光机）, dress as（装扮成）, traditional clothes（传统服装）, try on（试穿）, learn about history（学习历史） 必会句型 询问过去事物特征的句型： —What did + 主语 + look like?（…… 过去看起来是什么样子？）—It/They + was/were + 特征. 询问过去发生的动作的句型： —What did + 主语 + do?（…… 过去做了什么？）— 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. 询问过去方式的句型： —How did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？（…… 过去是如何…… 的？）— 主语 + 动词过去式 + 方式. 询问过去原因的句型： —Why was/were + 主语 + 表语？（…… 过去为什么是…… 的？）—Because + 主语 + was/were/did + 其他. 核心语法 一般过去时的特殊疑问句（what/why/how/when 引导） 一般过去时的肯定句结构（be 动词 / 实义动词过去式） 实义动词过去式的规则与不规则变化 一般过去时的一般疑问句及回答（Did + 主语 + 动词原形？） 考 点 速 记 考点 01 一般过去时的特殊疑问句（what/why/how/when 引导） —What did ancient people put in the dumplings? —Nobody knows for sure. — 古代人在饺子里包了什么？— 没人确切知道。 —How did dumplings come to Xinjiang? —People brought them along the Silk Road. — 饺子是如何传到新疆的？— 人们沿着丝绸之路把它们带过去的。 解析 一般过去时的特殊疑问句结构分两类： · 对动作提问：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？（what/where/how/when） · 对状态提问：特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 其他？（why/what/how，主语为单数用 was，复数用 were） 注意：助动词did后接动词原形，be 动词的过去时直接用 was/were，无需加 did。 回答时需用一般过去时，实义动词用过去式，be 动词用 was/were。 拓展 常见特殊疑问词的用法： what：对事物 / 动作提问；what...look like：对外貌 / 形状提问 how：对方式、方法提问 why：对原因提问，回答用 Because... when：对时间提问 提分练 一、按要求完成句子 People ate dumplings in the Tang Dynasty.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ people ________ dumplings? The ancient dumpling was in the shape of a new moon.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the ancient dumpling ________ like? Dumplings came to Xinjiang along the ancient Silk Road.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ dumplings ________ to Xinjiang? Xinjiang was an important trade centre because it was near the border.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ Xinjiang an important trade centre? Pepys buried a block of cheese in his garden.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ Pepys ________ in his garden? 二、单项选择 ( )1. —________ did you go to the museum? —Yesterday. A. What B. When C. Why ( )2. —________ did Fan Jinshi do to protect the paintings? —She took photos of them. A. What B. How C. Where ( )3. —________ did the great fire happen in London? —In 1666. A. How B. Why C. When ( )4. —________ was the life in Dunhuang many years ago? —It was difficult. A. What B. How C. Where ( )5. —________ did people try to stop the fire? —They pulled down the houses. A. What B. How C. When 考点 02 一般过去时的肯定句（be 动词 / 实义动词） The dumpling dates back to the Tang Dynasty. 这种饺子可以追溯到唐朝。 Pepys dug a hole in his garden. 佩皮斯在他的花园里挖了一个洞。 The paintings were very beautiful. 那些画作非常漂亮。 解析： 一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，本单元主要用于描述过去的历史事件、人物行为。 肯定句分两种结构： be 动词：主语 + was/were + 表语（单数主语 / 不可数名词用 was，复数主语用 were） 例：It was expensive. 它很贵。/ They were in the museum. 它们在博物馆里。 实义动词：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 例：He bought a watch. 他买了一块手表。/ People found mooncakes in Xinjiang. 人们在新疆发现了月饼。 实义动词过去式分两类： 规则变化：直接加 - ed（look →looked）；以 e 结尾加 - d（like→ liked）；辅音 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 - ed（study→ studied）；重读闭音节双写尾字母加 - ed（dig →dug） 不规则变化（本单元重点）： go →went, do→ did, bring→ brought, dig→ dug, bury→ buried, see→ saw, take→took 拓展： 一些表示 “追溯、存在” 的动词可用于一般现在时描述历史事实，例：The Great Wall dates back to the Qin Dynasty. 长城追溯到秦朝。 提分练 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 I ________ (go) to the National Museum of China yesterday. The ancient dumpling ________ (be) in the shape of a new moon. People from the Central Plains ________ (bring) dumplings to Xinjiang. Pepys ________ (dig) a hole and ________ (put) a block of cheese in it. Fan Jinshi ________ (want) to protect the paintings in Dunhuang. The fire ________ (be) very big, and people ________ (can) not stop it. We ________ (see) many old things in the living museum last week. He ________ (take) photos of the ancient paintings and ________ (show) them on the internet. 二、单项选择 ( )1. Many years ago, people ________ dumplings over 1,000 years ago. A. eat B. ate C. eats ( )2. The journey ________ long and difficult, but people ________ it. A. is; finish B. was; finished C. were; finished ( )3. She ________ a new watch last month, and it ________ very expensive. A. buy; is B. bought; was C. buys; was ( )4. They ________ along the Silk Road and ________ many new things. A. walk; see B. walked; saw C. walks; sees ( )5. The paintings in Dunhuang ________ beautiful, and we ________ to protect them. A. were; wanted B. are; want C. was; wanted 考点 03 一般过去时的一般疑问句及回答 —Did people eat mooncakes in the Tang Dynasty? —Yes, they did. — 唐朝的人们吃月饼吗？— 是的，他们吃。 —Was Xinjiang an important trade centre? —Yes, it was. — 新疆曾经是重要的贸易中心吗？— 是的，它是。 解析： 一般过去时的一般疑问句分两类，回答用简短形式，前后时态一致： 实义动词：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn't. be 动词：Was/Were + 主语 + 其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语 + wasn't/weren't. 注意：Did 开头的疑问句中，动词必须用原形；was/were 开头的疑问句，直接用 be 动词的过去式回答，无需加 did。 拓展： 一般过去时的否定句结构： 实义动词：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他.（例：He didn't bury the cheese outside.） be 动词：主语 + wasn't/weren't + 表语.（例：It wasn't a full moon shape.） 提分练 一、按要求完成句子 1. People found mooncakes in Xinjiang.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） —________ people ________ mooncakes in Xinjiang? —Yes, ________ ________. 2. The ancient dumpling was from the Tang Dynasty.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） —________ the ancient dumpling from the Tang Dynasty? —No, ________ ________. 3. Pepys had a new watch.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） —________ Pepys ________ a new watch? —No, ________ ________. 4. They could stop the great fire in London.（改为否定句） They ________ ________ the great fire in London. 5. Fan Jinshi worked in Dunhuang for many years.（改为一般疑问句） ________ Fan Jinshi ________ in Dunhuang for many years? 二、单项选择 ( )1. —________ you go to the living museum last weekend? —Yes, I did. A. Do B. Did C. Are ( )2. —________ the life in Dunhuang difficult many years ago? —Yes, it was. A. Was B. Were C. Did ( )3. —Did people trade with other countries on the Silk Road? —______________. A. Yes, they were B. No, they didn't C. No, they weren't ( )4. —Was there a great fire in London? —_______. It was in 1666. A. Yes, there was B. No, there wasn't C. Yes, it was ( )5. —Did Pepys see the ships clearly on the River Thames? —Yes, he ________. He had a pair of glasses. A. did B. was C. does 考点 04 实义动词过去式的规则与不规则变化 本单元核心不规则动词： go→went, do→did, bring→brought dig→dug, bury→buried can→could see→saw, take→took is/am→was, are→were 解析： 规则变化（本单元常见）： · 直接加 - ed：look→ looked, play →played, want →wanted, protect →protected · 以 e 结尾加 - d：like →liked, live →lived, hope →hoped · 辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 - ed：study →studied, try →tried · 重读闭音节结尾，双写末尾辅音字母加 - ed：dig →dug, stop →stopped 不规则变化（本单元重点掌握，无固定规则，需熟记）： 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 go went do did bring brought dig dug see saw take took put put bury buried can could 注意：不规则动词的过去式是本单元重点，尤其在一般过去时的句型中，需准确使用，不能加 - ed。拓展 部分动词的过去式和原形一致：put→ put, cut→ cut, read→ read（发音不同）。 提分练 一、写出下列动词的过去式形式 1. go → ________ 2. do → ________ 3. bring → ________ 2. dig → ________ 5. see → ________ 6. take → ________ 3. want → ________ 8. protect → ________ 9. bury → ________ 4. can → ________ 11. find → ________ 12. walk → ________ 5. is → ________ 14. are → ________ 15. play → ________ 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空，注意规则与不规则变化 1. He ________ (find) an ancient pot in the museum last Sunday. 2. We ________ (walk) along the old street and ________ (see) many traditional houses. 3. She ________ (play) the piano and ________ (sing) old songs in the living museum. 4. They ________ (try) to stop the fire, but they ________ (can) not. 5. My father ________ (take) me to the National Museum and ________ (show) me many ancient things. 6. The workers ________ (protect) the old buildings and ________ (not destroy) any of them. 参考答案 考点 01 一般过去时的特殊疑问句（what/why/how/when 引导） 一、按要求完成句子 1. When did; eat 2. What did; look 3. How did; come 4. Why was 5. What did; bury 二、单项选择 1. B（解析：根据答语 Yesterday 可知对时间提问，用 When） 2. A（解析：根据答语 “做了拍照的动作”，对动作提问用 What） 3. C（解析：根据答语 In 1666 可知对时间提问，用 When） 4. B（解析：根据答语 It was difficult 可知对状态提问，用 How） 5. B（解析：根据答语 “描述阻止火灾的方式”，对方式提问用 How） 考点 02 一般过去时的肯定句（be 动词 / 实义动词） 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. went 2. was 3. brought 4. dug; put 5. wanted 6. was; could 7. saw 8. took; showed 二、单项选择 1. B（解析：根据 many years ago 可知用一般过去时，eat 的过去式是 ate） 2. B（解析：主语 the journey 是单数，用 was；and 连接两个过去式动词，finish 的过去式是 finished） 3. B（解析：根据 last month 可知用一般过去时，buy 的过去式是 bought，is 的过去式是 was） 4. B（解析：描述过去的动作，用 walked 和 saw） 5. A（解析：描述敦煌过去的画作，用 were；想要保护是过去的想法，用 wanted） 考点 03 一般过去时的一般疑问句及回答 一、按要求完成句子 1. Did; find; they did 2. Was; it wasn't 3. Did; have; he didn't 4. couldn't stop 5. Did; work 二、单项选择 1. B（解析：根据 last weekend 和答语 did 可知用 Did 开头） 2. A（解析：主语 the life 是单数，用 Was 开头，对状态提问） 3. B（解析：Did 开头的疑问句，回答用 did/didn't） 4. A（解析：There be 句型的一般过去时，回答用 there was/were） 5. A（解析：Did 开头的疑问句，肯定回答用 did） 考点 04 实义动词过去式的规则与不规则变化 一、写出下列动词的过去式形式 1. went 2. did 3. brought 4. dug 5. saw 6. took 7. wanted 8. protected 9. buried 10. could 11. found 12. walked 13. was 14. were 15. played 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. found 2. walked; saw 3. played; sang 4. tried; could 5. took; showed 6. protected; didn't destroy 解析：第 6 题中，protect 是规则动词，过去式加 - ed；否定句用 didn't + 动词原形 destroy。 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $