热点02 航空航天（热点专练）（湖南专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

热点02 航空航天 热点速递 限时实战 第一部分 热点事件速递 聚焦时事热点，明晰背景脉络 时讯01梦舟飞船+长征十号关键试验成功（2月11日） 时讯02捷龙三号“一箭七星”海上发射成功（2月12日） 时讯03可重复使用试验航天器成功发射（2月7日） 时讯04商业航天固态电池在轨验证突破（2月19日） 时讯05海南商业航天发射场二期完工（2月） 第二部分 热点限时训练 活用热点素材，精练解题能力 热●点●事●件●速●递 时讯01梦舟飞船+长征十号关键试验成功（2月11日） 在文昌完成最大动压逃逸飞行试验，是中国首次该类试验；同时实现载人飞船返回舱+火箭一级海上溅落，验证逃逸与回收能力，为载人登月工程打下关键基础。 时讯02捷龙三号“一箭七星”海上发射成功（2月12日） 在广东阳江海域用捷龙三号发射7颗卫星（含巴基斯坦遥感、港中大一号等），全部入轨；是该火箭第9次发射，进一步验证海上快速发射能力。 时讯03可重复使用试验航天器成功发射（2月7日） 在酒泉用长征二号F发射一型可重复使用试验航天器，顺利入轨并开展在轨试验，推进我国重复使用航天技术工程化。 时讯04商业航天固态电池在轨验证突破（2月19日） 星河动力完成国内商业航天首次固态电池在轨全功能验证，连续72小时稳定运行，填补商业卫星固态电源空白，推动航天电源“液态→固态”升级。 时讯05海南商业航天发射场二期完工（2月） 我国首个商业航天发射场二期主体完工，年发射能力达60发，适配多型火箭、支持快速测发，大幅提升商业航天高密度发射能力。 热●点●限●时●训●练 （45分钟限时练） 一、阅读理解 A （25-26九年级上·湖南郴州·月考）Have you ever worried about getting lost in a new place? You might think, “I’ll use a map on my phone!” But do you know what makes the map work? It’s all thanks to the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (北斗导航卫星系统). It’s a Chinese system that helps people find their way. The BeiDou system started in 1994. Its first two parts, BDS-1 and BDS-2, were finished in 2000 and 2012. When BDS-3 was completed on July 31, 2020, China became the third country in the world to have its own global navigation satellite system. BDS-3 is special because of its “hybrid constellation” design (设计). It uses three different types of satellites (卫星) working together. This design is now a good example for other countries. Now, China is planning to build the next BeiDou system. This new system will use better technology. The plan is: · To send up three test satellites around 2027 · To start building the network by 2029 · To finish the new system by 2035 It will help people find their location very correctly anywhere in the world. It will also be faster and offer better services (服务). Today, BeiDou’s services are used in over 130 countries. It helps people and businesses everywhere, showing China’s important role in navigation technology. 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By telling stories. 2．How many BeiDou systems has China finished so far? A．2 B．3 C．4 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．BDS-2 is special because of its “hybrid constellation” design. B．The new system will be finished by 2029. C．BeiDou’s services are used in more than 130 countries now. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The development of China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System. B．How to use maps on mobile phones. C．Navigation systems used in different Asian countries around the world. B （25-26九年级上·湖南株洲·期末）Chinese scientists have made a great discovery. They found a new method to produce water on the Moon, which could change how we think about living on the Moon in the future! They wrote about their discovery in a science magazine called The Innovation. Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil (月球土壤), scientists can create a lot of water on the Moon. In the past, missions (太空飞行任务) to the Moon showed that there might be ice at the Moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there’s not much water in lunar soil only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the Moon brought back by the Chang’e-5 spacecraft (航天器). One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts when it reaches over 1,000°C． When it melts, it makes water vapor (水蒸气). They learned that just 1,000g of lunar soil can give us 51 to 76 g of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 31 and 76 kg of water. That’s enough to give drinking water to 50 people for one day! All in all, this research opens up new possibilities for finding water on the Moon. It is important for future trips to the Moon and people who might live there someday. 5．What was the great discovery? A．A good way of studying lunar soil. B．A method to produce water on the Moon. C．A change in how we think about living on the Moon. 6．The missions to the Moon before the Chang’e-5 mission suggested that ________. A．there is no water on the Moon B．there is a lot of ice on the Moon C．it is hard to find water on the Moon 7．What does the underlined word “melts” mean in Paragraph 3? A．熔化 B．膨胀 C．混合 8．The writer wrote the passage mainly to ________. A．talk about the fun of humans living on the Moon B．introduce new possibilities for future trips to the Moon C．share exciting news about producing water on the Moon C （24-25九年级上·贵州毕节·期末）On Sept. 28, the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) showed a new spacesuit for landing on the moon. This is part of the country’s plan to send astronauts to the moon by 2030. The agency is also inviting people to help pick a name for the spacesuit. The spacesuit is made with many new technologies. It is lighter and more comfortable than other Chinese spacesuits. 9．The new spacesuit is ________ than other Chinese spacesuits. A．heavier B．more comfortable C．thicker 10．Why did scientists choose a special kind of fabric for the spacesuit? A．To make the spacesuit fashionable. B．To give astronauts a wider and clearer view. C．To protect the astronauts from the terrible environment. 11．What does the underlined word “flexible” mean in Chinese? A．灵活的 B．笨重的 C．活跃的 12．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A sports magazine. B．A news website. C．A fashion magazine. D （25-26九年级上·云南昆明·期末）China successfully sent the Shenzhou-21 manned spaceship into space on October 31, 2025. It took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Northwest China and reached its planned orbit (轨道). The leader of this mission (任务) is Zhang Lu. He was born in the 1970s. He used to be an excellent air force pilot and joined China’s second group of astronauts in 2010. Zhang Lu finished the Shenzhou-15 mission in 2022, and he went back to the Tiangong Space Station after more than two years. Zhang Hongzhang was born in 1986. He is a researcher and China’s second non-soldier astronaut. He’s good at making high-quality batteries (高性能电池). On this mission, he needs to do some experiments to solve important problems with the space station’s power (能源) systems. Zhang once said his childhood dream was to learn from great scientists like Qian Xuesen and serve our country with science and technology. Wu Fei, born in 1993, is a flight engineer. He’s in China’s third group of astronauts, and this is his first mission to space. He once worked as an engineer at a space research center. The three astronauts will stay in Tiangong Space Station for about six months. They need to do space science research, and they also need to do science education activities. We’re all hoping the three astronauts can finish their mission safely and bring amazing new space discoveries back to Earth. 13．Who is the leader of the mission? A．Wu Fei. B．Zhang Lu. C．Qian Xuesen. D．Zhang Hongzhang. 14．What does the underlined word “experiments” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Tests. B．Chores. C．Reports. D．Interviews. 15．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Zhang Lu has finished three space tasks. B．Wu Fei has taken part in a space mission before. C．Zhang Hongzhang didn’t realize his childhood dream. D．Wu Fei is the youngest astronaut on the Shenzhou-21 manned spaceship. 16．What is the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 17．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To discuss the new research about space. B．To tell the history of China’s Tiangong Space Station. C．To show the look of the Shenzhou-21 manned spaceship. D．To introduce 3 astronauts of the Shenzhou-21 manned spaceship. E （25-26九年级上·吉林长春·期末）Is there another planet like Earth in the universe? How did the universe and life begin? To answer these big questions, China will send satellites (卫星) into space. 18 The first job is called the Hongmeng Program. It uses about 10 satellites together. They will fly to the side of the moon we never see from Earth. That area is very quiet. 19 Think of the universe as a little kid growing up. These satellites will help us find out what the universe was like when it was just a baby. Next is Kuafu-2. It is very famous. It will be the first satellite in the world to fly around the top and bottom of the sun. 20 This will help scientists learn more about what happens on the sun and how it influences our Earth. The third job is a satellite that looks for other planets. It works like a detective (侦探), trying to find a second place for humans to live in space. 21 It will fly above the layer (层) of air around Earth. It will look at parts of space no one has studied before—like areas near black holes, where time and space are bent (扭曲的). There, it will do science tests that can’t be done on Earth. China’s space program is working hard to learn about things we don’t know yet. These space tasks will not only help answer important science questions, but also build a base for humans’ future activities in space. 22 阅读短文，将A-E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整。 A．These satellites will do four important jobs. B．It’s like a camera that takes special pictures of the sun. C．There, the satellites will pick up messages from far away space. D．With these tasks, we are getting nearer to finding out the secrets of the universe. E．The fourth job uses a space observatory (天文台). 二、任务型阅读 （25-26九年级上·湖南衡阳·期末）阅读下面短文，按要求完成各小题。 On April 24, 2025, a great day for Chinese space travel, the Shenzhou-20 spaceship took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. It was carried by a Long March rocket. With a loud sound, the rocket flew up into the sky. After about 10 minutes, the spaceship separated from the rocket and entered the right path successfully. Three skilled astronauts were on Shenzhou-20: Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie. Chen Dong was the leader of the team. The spaceship got better in many ways. Its remote control system could work better without outside trouble, and it was lighter than before. These changes helped it work well with China’s space station. When the spaceship reached the space station, the astronauts stayed there for 203 days. They did four space walks and many science tests. They studied how living things grow in space and other science topics, getting useful results. They also looked after small fish and a “space garden” on the station. On November 14, the astronauts came back to Earth safely. Shenzhou-20’s trip showed China’s progress in space technology. It made us feel proud that our country’s space dreams are coming true step by step. 23．When did Shenzhou-20 take off? 24．Who led the Shenzhou-20 astronaut team? 25．How long did the astronauts stay in space? 26．Are you proud of being Chinese? And why or why not? 27．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 三、短文填空 A （25-26九年级上·辽宁鞍山·月考）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 On April 24th, 2025, when China celebrated the 10th China Space Day, the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft (航天器) 28 (fly) into space. Have you ever wondered how interesting life is for astronauts up there? Astronauts live very 29 (different) in space. Because there is little gravity (重力), they cannot cook food like we do on Earth. They eat special food that is made before they go into space. There are no real beds in space, so astronauts sleep in sleeping bags that are fixed to the wall. There is no “up” or “down” in space, so they can sleep in any position (位置). 30 (stay) healthy, they use special bikes to exercise every day. Spacewalks are also an important part of an 31 (astronaut) job. When they go outside the space station, they wear space suits with about seven layers. These layers help protect them 32 very hot and very cold temperatures and from other dangers in space. During spacewalks, astronauts can fix broken parts 33 take care of the space station. The Shenzhou-20 team will stay in space for about six months. One of their jobs is to study zebrafish (斑马鱼). These small fish are like humans in some ways, so they help scientists learn how low gravity changes living things. Astronauts also study microbes (微生物). These studies may help us make 34 (good) medicine. All of these help China get ready to send people to 35 Moon before 2030. These interesting jobs show how hard Chinese astronauts work. 36 (they) job is not easy, but it is very important. They also make young people like us want to dream big. Maybe one day, you could be an astronaut, flying in space and 37 (help) write the next part of human space history. B （25-26九年级上·浙江嘉兴·月考）Chen Dong is one of the greatest astronauts in China. Born in Luoyang, Henan Province in December 1978, he worked as a pilot (飞行员) before becoming 38 astronaut in 2010. Chen trained hard for many years, pushing himself to pass difficult physical and mental tests. In 2016, he finally got the chance 39 (shine) when he went on the Shenzhou-11 mission (任务). Chen’s first journey to space was not easy. 40 that time, he felt unwell and had trouble sleeping. Even so, during the 33-day mission, he tried his best 41 (do) his job well. Chen had even 42 (big) success when he led the Shenzhou-14 mission in 2022. This time, he 43 (manage) to help complete an important part of the construction of China’s Tiangong Space Station. Chen has excellent leadership skills and rich experience, 44 he was chosen to lead the Shenzhou-20 mission in 2025. Chen is not only an excellent astronaut, but also a great hero. His achievements (成就) are 45 (amaze). In the past few years, he 46 (win) many medals for his excellent work. After completing the Shenzhou-20 mission, he will become the Chinese astronaut who has spent the longest time in space. His story is 47 (simple) encouraging. He often tells students, “Dream big and work hard—even the stars are not out of reach!” 四、书面表达 （2025·福建厦门·二模）假设你是中国宇航员李华，正在中国太空站执行任务。联合国教科文组织邀请你与全球青少年视频连线，介绍你在太空站中一天的工作与生活，并分享你的感受。请你结合以下提示，写一篇英文发言稿。词数80词左右。 注意事项： 1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头结尾已给出，不计入词数； 2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； 3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。 4. 提示词语： experiment实验 Dear young friends, I am Li Hua, an astronaut from China. I am so glad to meet all of you here today. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 热点02 航空航天 热点速递 限时实战 第一部分 热点事件速递 聚焦时事热点，明晰背景脉络 时讯01梦舟飞船+长征十号关键试验成功（2月11日） 时讯02捷龙三号“一箭七星”海上发射成功（2月12日） 时讯03可重复使用试验航天器成功发射（2月7日） 时讯04商业航天固态电池在轨验证突破（2月19日） 时讯05海南商业航天发射场二期完工（2月） 第二部分 热点限时训练 活用热点素材，精练解题能力 热●点●事●件●速●递 时讯01梦舟飞船+长征十号关键试验成功（2月11日） 在文昌完成最大动压逃逸飞行试验，是中国首次该类试验；同时实现载人飞船返回舱+火箭一级海上溅落，验证逃逸与回收能力，为载人登月工程打下关键基础。 时讯02捷龙三号“一箭七星”海上发射成功（2月12日） 在广东阳江海域用捷龙三号发射7颗卫星（含巴基斯坦遥感、港中大一号等），全部入轨；是该火箭第9次发射，进一步验证海上快速发射能力。 时讯03可重复使用试验航天器成功发射（2月7日） 在酒泉用长征二号F发射一型可重复使用试验航天器，顺利入轨并开展在轨试验，推进我国重复使用航天技术工程化。 时讯04商业航天固态电池在轨验证突破（2月19日） 星河动力完成国内商业航天首次固态电池在轨全功能验证，连续72小时稳定运行，填补商业卫星固态电源空白，推动航天电源“液态→固态”升级。 时讯05海南商业航天发射场二期完工（2月） 我国首个商业航天发射场二期主体完工，年发射能力达60发，适配多型火箭、支持快速测发，大幅提升商业航天高密度发射能力。 热●点●限●时●训●练 （45分钟限时练） 一、阅读理解 A （25-26九年级上·湖南郴州·月考）Have you ever worried about getting lost in a new place? You might think, “I’ll use a map on my phone!” But do you know what makes the map work? It’s all thanks to the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (北斗导航卫星系统). It’s a Chinese system that helps people find their way. The BeiDou system started in 1994. Its first two parts, BDS-1 and BDS-2, were finished in 2000 and 2012. When BDS-3 was completed on July 31, 2020, China became the third country in the world to have its own global navigation satellite system. BDS-3 is special because of its “hybrid constellation” design (设计). It uses three different types of satellites (卫星) working together. This design is now a good example for other countries. Now, China is planning to build the next BeiDou system. This new system will use better technology. The plan is: · To send up three test satellites around 2027 · To start building the network by 2029 · To finish the new system by 2035 It will help people find their location very correctly anywhere in the world. It will also be faster and offer better services (服务). Today, BeiDou’s services are used in over 130 countries. It helps people and businesses everywhere, showing China’s important role in navigation technology. 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By telling stories. 2．How many BeiDou systems has China finished so far? A．2 B．3 C．4 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．BDS-2 is special because of its “hybrid constellation” design. B．The new system will be finished by 2029. C．BeiDou’s services are used in more than 130 countries now. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The development of China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System. B．How to use maps on mobile phones. C．Navigation systems used in different Asian countries around the world. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国北斗导航卫星系统的发展历程、现状和未来规划。 1．推理判断题。根据“Have you ever worried about getting lost in a new place? You might think, ‘I’ll use a map on my phone!’”可知，作者通过提问的方式开始这篇文章。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The BeiDou system started in 1994. Its first two parts, BDS-1 and BDS-2, were finished in 2000 and 2012. When BDS-3 was completed on July 31, 2020, China became the third country in the world to have its own global navigation satellite system.”可知，中国现在已经完成了三个北斗系统，即BDS-1、BDS-2和BDS-3。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Today, BeiDou’s services are used in over 130 countries.”可知，目前，有130多个国家在使用北斗的服务。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国北斗导航卫星系统的发展历程、现状和未来规划。故选A。 B （25-26九年级上·湖南株洲·期末）Chinese scientists have made a great discovery. They found a new method to produce water on the Moon, which could change how we think about living on the Moon in the future! They wrote about their discovery in a science magazine called The Innovation. Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil (月球土壤), scientists can create a lot of water on the Moon. In the past, missions (太空飞行任务) to the Moon showed that there might be ice at the Moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there’s not much water in lunar soil only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the Moon brought back by the Chang’e-5 spacecraft (航天器). One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts when it reaches over 1,000°C． When it melts, it makes water vapor (水蒸气). They learned that just 1,000g of lunar soil can give us 51 to 76 g of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 31 and 76 kg of water. That’s enough to give drinking water to 50 people for one day! All in all, this research opens up new possibilities for finding water on the Moon. It is important for future trips to the Moon and people who might live there someday. 5．What was the great discovery? A．A good way of studying lunar soil. B．A method to produce water on the Moon. C．A change in how we think about living on the Moon. 6．The missions to the Moon before the Chang’e-5 mission suggested that ________. A．there is no water on the Moon B．there is a lot of ice on the Moon C．it is hard to find water on the Moon 7．What does the underlined word “melts” mean in Paragraph 3? A．熔化 B．膨胀 C．混合 8．The writer wrote the passage mainly to ________. A．talk about the fun of humans living on the Moon B．introduce new possibilities for future trips to the Moon C．share exciting news about producing water on the Moon 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了中国科学家的一项新发现——利用月球土壤在月球上制造水的方法，并阐述了这一发现对未来月球探索和居住的重要意义。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Chinese scientists have made a great discovery. They found a new method to produce water on the Moon...”可知，这项伟大发现是一种在月球上生产水的方法。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“In the past, missions to the Moon showed that there might be ice... However, there‘s not much water in lunar soil... which makes it hard to find and use water there.”可知，过去的探月任务表明，在月球上很难找到水。故选C。 7．词句猜测题。根据文章第3段“One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts when it reaches over 1,000°C.”可知，当月球土壤温度超过1000°C时，它会从固态熔化为液态，进而产生水蒸气，因此“melts”在这里表示“熔化”的意思。故选A。 8．主旨大意题。文章通篇围绕中国科学家发现利用月球土壤制造水的新方法这一新闻展开，并介绍了其原理和意义，因此作者写作的主要目的是分享这一令人兴奋的新闻。故选C。 C （24-25九年级上·贵州毕节·期末）On Sept. 28, the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) showed a new spacesuit for landing on the moon. This is part of the country’s plan to send astronauts to the moon by 2030. The agency is also inviting people to help pick a name for the spacesuit. The spacesuit is made with many new technologies. It is lighter and more comfortable than other Chinese spacesuits. 9．The new spacesuit is ________ than other Chinese spacesuits. A．heavier B．more comfortable C．thicker 10．Why did scientists choose a special kind of fabric for the spacesuit? A．To make the spacesuit fashionable. B．To give astronauts a wider and clearer view. C．To protect the astronauts from the terrible environment. 11．What does the underlined word “flexible” mean in Chinese? A．灵活的 B．笨重的 C．活跃的 12．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A sports magazine. B．A news website. C．A fashion magazine. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．A 12．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国载人航天局为2030年登月计划研发的新型航天服，包括其特点以及使用特殊面料的原因。 9．细节理解题。根据“It is lighter and more comfortable than other Chinese spacesuits.”可知，新航天服比其他航天服更舒适。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据“The environment on the moon is terrible. It can be as cold as -210°C and as hot as 121°C. There is also a lot of dust (灰尘). To protect the astronauts, scientists used a special kind of fabric (面料) to make the spacesuit.”可知，使用特殊面料的目的是为了保护宇航员免受恶劣环境的伤害。故选C。 11．词句猜测题。根据“Wearing it, astronauts can move their arms and legs easily in space.”可知，穿上新型航天服，宇航员在太空中可以轻松地移动手臂和腿。“flexible”描述的是一种能够轻松活动的特性，意为“灵活的”。故选A。 12．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章介绍了中国载人航天局最新发布的登月航天服，内容聚焦于科技成就和未来计划，时效性强，属于一则新闻报道。因此，该文章很可能选自新闻网站。故选B。 D （25-26九年级上·云南昆明·期末）China successfully sent the Shenzhou-21 manned spaceship into space on October 31, 2025. It took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Northwest China and reached its planned orbit (轨道). The leader of this mission (任务) is Zhang Lu. He was born in the 1970s. He used to be an excellent air force pilot and joined China’s second group of astronauts in 2010. Zhang Lu finished the Shenzhou-15 mission in 2022, and he went back to the Tiangong Space Station after more than two years. Zhang Hongzhang was born in 1986. He is a researcher and China’s second non-soldier astronaut. He’s good at making high-quality batteries (高性能电池). On this mission, he needs to do some experiments to solve important problems with the space station’s power (能源) systems. Zhang once said his childhood dream was to learn from great scientists like Qian Xuesen and serve our country with science and technology. Wu Fei, born in 1993, is a flight engineer. He’s in China’s third group of astronauts, and this is his first mission to space. He once worked as an engineer at a space research center. The three astronauts will stay in Tiangong Space Station for about six months. They need to do space science research, and they also need to do science education activities. We’re all hoping the three astronauts can finish their mission safely and bring amazing new space discoveries back to Earth. 13．Who is the leader of the mission? A．Wu Fei. B．Zhang Lu. C．Qian Xuesen. D．Zhang Hongzhang. 14．What does the underlined word “experiments” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Tests. B．Chores. C．Reports. D．Interviews. 15．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Zhang Lu has finished three space tasks. B．Wu Fei has taken part in a space mission before. C．Zhang Hongzhang didn’t realize his childhood dream. D．Wu Fei is the youngest astronaut on the Shenzhou-21 manned spaceship. 16．What is the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 17．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To discuss the new research about space. B．To tell the history of China’s Tiangong Space Station. C．To show the look of the Shenzhou-21 manned spaceship. D．To introduce 3 astronauts of the Shenzhou-21 manned spaceship. 【答案】13．B 14．A 15．D 16．C 17．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了神舟二十一载人飞船的成功发射及其乘组人员信息。 13．细节理解题。根据“The leader of this mission (任务) is Zhang Lu.”可知，这次任务的领导是张陆。故选B。 14．词句猜测题。根据“On this mission, he needs to do some experiments to solve important problems with the space station’s power (能源) systems.”可知，他要做一些“实验”来解决空间站能源系统的重要问题，结合选项，“experiments”意思最接近“Tests”。故选A。 15．推理判断题。根据“Zhang Lu was born in the 1970s. Zhang Hongzhang was born in 1986. Wu Fei, born in 1993”可知，武飞出生于1993年，是三人中最年轻的，所以可以推断出武飞是神舟21号载人飞船上最年轻的宇航员。故选D。 16．篇章结构题。综合全文可知，文章第一段介绍飞船任务特点，第二至四段分别介绍三名航天员，最后一段介绍任务时长与计划，属于“总—分—总”结构。故选C。 17．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了神舟21号载人飞船的三位宇航员张陆、张洪章和武飞的相关信息，包括他们的身份、经历、任务等。所以文章主要目的是介绍神舟21号载人飞船的三位宇航员。故选D。 E （25-26九年级上·吉林长春·期末）Is there another planet like Earth in the universe? How did the universe and life begin? To answer these big questions, China will send satellites (卫星) into space. 18 The first job is called the Hongmeng Program. It uses about 10 satellites together. They will fly to the side of the moon we never see from Earth. That area is very quiet. 19 Think of the universe as a little kid growing up. These satellites will help us find out what the universe was like when it was just a baby. Next is Kuafu-2. It is very famous. It will be the first satellite in the world to fly around the top and bottom of the sun. 20 This will help scientists learn more about what happens on the sun and how it influences our Earth. The third job is a satellite that looks for other planets. It works like a detective (侦探), trying to find a second place for humans to live in space. 21 It will fly above the layer (层) of air around Earth. It will look at parts of space no one has studied before—like areas near black holes, where time and space are bent (扭曲的). There, it will do science tests that can’t be done on Earth. China’s space program is working hard to learn about things we don’t know yet. These space tasks will not only help answer important science questions, but also build a base for humans’ future activities in space. 22 阅读短文，将A-E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整。 A．These satellites will do four important jobs. B．It’s like a camera that takes special pictures of the sun. C．There, the satellites will pick up messages from far away space. D．With these tasks, we are getting nearer to finding out the secrets of the universe. E．The fourth job uses a space observatory (天文台). 【答案】18．A 19．C 20．B 21．E 22．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国为解答宇宙与生命起源、类地行星存在等重大问题，将发射卫星执行鸿蒙计划、夸父二号、类地行星搜寻、太空天文台观测这四项太空任务，这些任务既能助力解开科学谜题，也能为人类未来太空活动奠基。 18．根据“To answer these big questions, China will send satellites (卫星) into space.”以及下文介绍的多个任务可知，此处是总述卫星要完成的工作，选项A“这些卫星将完成四项重要工作”符合语境。故选A。 19．根据“They will fly to the side of the moon we never see from Earth. That area is very quiet.”可知，此处是说明在月球背面（安静区域）的卫星工作内容，选项C“在那里，卫星将接收来自遥远太空的信号”符合语境。故选C。 20．根据“It will be the first satellite in the world to fly around the top and bottom of the sun.”可知，此处是描述这颗卫星对太阳的作用，选项B“它就像一台相机，能拍摄太阳的特殊图像”符合语境。故选B。 21．根据上文介绍了“first job、Next、The third job”，以及下文的任务描述，此处是引出第四个任务，选项E“第四项任务使用一个太空天文台”符合语境。故选E。 22．根据“These space tasks will not only help answer important science questions, but also build a base for humans’ future activities in space.”可知，此处是总结这些任务的意义，选项D“通过这些任务，我们离揭开宇宙的秘密越来越近了”符合语境。故选D。 二、任务型阅读 （25-26九年级上·湖南衡阳·期末）阅读下面短文，按要求完成各小题。 On April 24, 2025, a great day for Chinese space travel, the Shenzhou-20 spaceship took off from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. It was carried by a Long March rocket. With a loud sound, the rocket flew up into the sky. After about 10 minutes, the spaceship separated from the rocket and entered the right path successfully. Three skilled astronauts were on Shenzhou-20: Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie. Chen Dong was the leader of the team. The spaceship got better in many ways. Its remote control system could work better without outside trouble, and it was lighter than before. These changes helped it work well with China’s space station. When the spaceship reached the space station, the astronauts stayed there for 203 days. They did four space walks and many science tests. They studied how living things grow in space and other science topics, getting useful results. They also looked after small fish and a “space garden” on the station. On November 14, the astronauts came back to Earth safely. Shenzhou-20’s trip showed China’s progress in space technology. It made us feel proud that our country’s space dreams are coming true step by step. 23．When did Shenzhou-20 take off? 24．Who led the Shenzhou-20 astronaut team? 25．How long did the astronauts stay in space? 26．Are you proud of being Chinese? And why or why not? 27．将短文中画线部分翻译成中文。 【答案】23．On April, 24, 2025. 24．Chen Dong./Chen Dong was the leader of the team. 25．For 203 days./The astronauts stayed there for 203 days. 26．Yes, I am. Because China has made great progress in space technology. 27．我们国家的航天梦想正一步步实现，这让我们倍感自豪。 【导语】本文主要介绍了神舟二十号载人飞船的发射、航天员团队、在轨任务及返回情况，展现了中国航天事业的稳步发展。 23．根据“On April 24, 2025, a great day for Chinese space travel, the Shenzhou-20 spaceship took off...”可知，神舟二十号于2025年4月24日发射。故填On April 24, 2025. 24．根据“Chen Dong was the leader of the team.”可知，航天员团队的指令长是陈冬。故填Chen Dong./Chen Dong was the leader of the team. 25．根据“the astronauts stayed there for 203 days.”可知，航天员在轨驻留了203天。故填For 203 days./The astronauts stayed there for 203 days. 26．开放性问题，结合个人感受谈谈作为中国人是否感到自豪，说明理由。故填Yes, I am. Because China has made great progress in space technology. 27．It made sb. feel proud that…“……使某人感到自豪”，us“我们”；our country’s space dreams“我们国家的航天梦想”；come true“实现”，are coming true是“正在实现”；step by step“一步一步地”。故填：我们国家的航天梦想正一步步实现，这让我们倍感自豪。 三、短文填空 A （25-26九年级上·辽宁鞍山·月考）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 On April 24th, 2025, when China celebrated the 10th China Space Day, the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft (航天器) 28 (fly) into space. Have you ever wondered how interesting life is for astronauts up there? Astronauts live very 29 (different) in space. Because there is little gravity (重力), they cannot cook food like we do on Earth. They eat special food that is made before they go into space. There are no real beds in space, so astronauts sleep in sleeping bags that are fixed to the wall. There is no “up” or “down” in space, so they can sleep in any position (位置). 30 (stay) healthy, they use special bikes to exercise every day. Spacewalks are also an important part of an 31 (astronaut) job. When they go outside the space station, they wear space suits with about seven layers. These layers help protect them 32 very hot and very cold temperatures and from other dangers in space. During spacewalks, astronauts can fix broken parts 33 take care of the space station. The Shenzhou-20 team will stay in space for about six months. One of their jobs is to study zebrafish (斑马鱼). These small fish are like humans in some ways, so they help scientists learn how low gravity changes living things. Astronauts also study microbes (微生物). These studies may help us make 34 (good) medicine. All of these help China get ready to send people to 35 Moon before 2030. These interesting jobs show how hard Chinese astronauts work. 36 (they) job is not easy, but it is very important. They also make young people like us want to dream big. Maybe one day, you could be an astronaut, flying in space and 37 (help) write the next part of human space history. 【答案】 28．flew 29．differently 30．To stay 31．astronaut’s 32．from 33．and 34．better 35．the 36．Their 37．helping 【导语】本文介绍了中国神舟二十号航天器的发射以及宇航员在太空中的生活和工作情况，包括饮食、睡眠、太空行走等日常活动，以及他们进行的科学研究和未来登月计划，展现了宇航员工作的艰辛与重要性。 28．句意：2025年4月24日，当中国庆祝第10届中国航天日时，神舟20号航天器飞向太空。根据时间状语“On April 24th, 2025”可知此句应用一般过去时，动词“fly”需变为过去式“flew”。故填flew。 29．句意：宇航员在太空生活得非常不同。此空修饰动词“live”，应用形容词“different”的副词形式differently“不同地”。故填differently。 30．句意：为了保持健康，他们每天使用特殊的自行车锻炼。此空在句首表示目的，应用动词不定式“to stay”作目的状语，位于句首首字母需大写。故填To stay。 31．句意：太空行走也是宇航员工作的重要部分。此空在冠词“an”后，名词astronaut“宇航员”应用单数形式，此空修饰名词“job”，与之构成所属关系，应用名词所有格“astronaut’s”。故填astronaut’s。 32．句意：这些层帮助他们抵御非常炎热和非常寒冷的温度。固定搭配protect…from…“保护……免受……”。故填from。 33．句意：在太空行走期间，宇航员可以修理损坏的部件和照顾空间站。此处连接两个并列动作“fix”和“take care of”，应用连词and“和”。故填and。 34．句意：这些研究可能帮助我们制造更好的药物。此空修饰名词“medicine”，与之前的药物暗含比较，应用形容词“good”的比较级better“更好的”。故填better。 35．句意：所有这些都帮助中国准备在2030年前将人类送上月球。月球“Moon”是独一无二的天体，前面应用定冠词“the”。故填the。 36．句意：他们的工作不容易，但很重要。此空修饰名词“job”，应用“they”的形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，位于句首首字母需大写。故填Their。 37．句意：也许有一天，你可以成为一名宇航员，在太空中飞行并帮助书写人类太空历史的下一篇章。此处and连接两个并列动作“flying”和“helping”，应用现在分词“helping”与前面保持一致，作状语。故填helping。 B （25-26九年级上·浙江嘉兴·月考）Chen Dong is one of the greatest astronauts in China. Born in Luoyang, Henan Province in December 1978, he worked as a pilot (飞行员) before becoming 38 astronaut in 2010. Chen trained hard for many years, pushing himself to pass difficult physical and mental tests. In 2016, he finally got the chance 39 (shine) when he went on the Shenzhou-11 mission (任务). Chen’s first journey to space was not easy. 40 that time, he felt unwell and had trouble sleeping. Even so, during the 33-day mission, he tried his best 41 (do) his job well. Chen had even 42 (big) success when he led the Shenzhou-14 mission in 2022. This time, he 43 (manage) to help complete an important part of the construction of China’s Tiangong Space Station. Chen has excellent leadership skills and rich experience, 44 he was chosen to lead the Shenzhou-20 mission in 2025. Chen is not only an excellent astronaut, but also a great hero. His achievements (成就) are 45 (amaze). In the past few years, he 46 (win) many medals for his excellent work. After completing the Shenzhou-20 mission, he will become the Chinese astronaut who has spent the longest time in space. His story is 47 (simple) encouraging. He often tells students, “Dream big and work hard—even the stars are not out of reach!” 【答案】 38．an 39．to shine 40．At 41．to do 42．bigger 43．managed 44．so 45．amazing 46．has won 47．simply 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了中国宇航员陈冬的成长经历和航天成就。 38．句意：他于1978年12月出生于河南洛阳，在2010年成为一名宇航员之前，他是一名飞行员。空格后“astronaut”以元音音素开头，此处表示“一名宇航员”，需用不定冠词an。故填an。 39．句意：2016年，当他执行神舟十一号任务时，终于获得了展现才能的机会。根据“get the chance”可知，get the chance to do sth.“得到了做某事的机会”，此处需接动词不定式作后置定语，shine“出类拔萃，干得出色”，其动词不定式形式为to shine。故填to shine。 40．句意：那时，他身体不适，还难以入睡。at that time“在那时”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填At。 41．句意：尽管如此，在为期33天的任务中，他仍尽最大努力做好本职工作。根据“try his best”可知，try one’s best to do sth.“尽某人最大努力做某事”，故此处应用动词不定式。故填to do。 42．句意：2022年，陈冬率领神舟十四号任务时，取得了更大的成功。前文已提及2016年神舟十一号任务是成功的，此处“even”为程度副词，常用来修饰比较级，big“大的”，其比较级形式为bigger，用于体现两次任务成功程度的递进。故填bigger。 43．句意：这一次，他成功协助完成了中国天宫空间站建造的重要部分。结合语境可知，句子描述的是2022年神舟十四号任务期间的动作，属于过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时；manage的过去式为managed，manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”。故填managed。 44．句意：陈冬具备出色的领导能力和丰富的经验，因此他被选中在2025年率领神舟二十号任务。分析句子可知，空格前后句为因果关系，前因后果，故此处应用so“所以，因此”。故填so。 45．句意：他的成就令人惊叹。根据“His achievements (成就) are”可知，空格处需填形容词作表语，主语“His achievements”指事物，应用amazing“令人惊叹的”，表示事物本身所具有的特点。故填amazing。 46．句意：过去几年里，他凭借出色的工作赢得了许多奖章。结合语境和“In the past few years”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，其结构为：have/has+过去分词；主语“he”是第三人称单数，故助动词应用has，win“赢得”的过去分词为won。故填has won。 47．句意：他的故事简直令人鼓舞。空格处需填副词修饰形容词“encouraging”，simple“简单的”是形容词，其副词形式为simply“简直、仅仅”，用于加强语气。故填simply。 四、书面表达 （2025·福建厦门·二模）假设你是中国宇航员李华，正在中国太空站执行任务。联合国教科文组织邀请你与全球青少年视频连线，介绍你在太空站中一天的工作与生活，并分享你的感受。请你结合以下提示，写一篇英文发言稿。词数80词左右。 注意事项： 1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头结尾已给出，不计入词数； 2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； 3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。 4. 提示词语： experiment实验 Dear young friends, I am Li Hua, an astronaut from China. I am so glad to meet all of you here today. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 【答案】例文 Dear young friends, I am Li Hua, an astronaut from China. I am so glad to meet all of you here today. Let me share my daily life on the space station. In the morning, I exercise with special machines to stay healthy. Eating in space is interesting! Our food comes in special bags, and we need to hold them tightly to avoid floating away. Sleeping here is fun, too. I sleep in a sleeping bag tied to the wall! During work hours, I do experiments and sometimes go for spacewalks. It feels like flying! After work, I read books or talk with my family through video calls. Though I miss the Earth, the view of stars outside is amazing. My life here is busy but meaningful. I feel proud to be part of this journey. Thank you! 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇讲稿； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，根据提示信息写作，可适当增加细节，突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出话题； 第二步，根据提示信息介绍在太空站的一天； 第三步，分享感受。 [亮点词汇] ①stay healthy保持健康 ②avoid doing sth.避免做某事 ③talk with和……交谈 [高分句型] ①Though I miss the Earth, the view of stars outside is amazing. (though引导的让步状语从句) 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $