专题16 选词填空（虚词题）：规则棋手，落子功能要点（复习讲义）（2026湖南中考新题型）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦“选词填空（虚词考点）”，覆盖介词、连词、代词、冠词、数词等核心虚词，按“考情剖析-网络构建-题型通关-优题精选”系统架构，通过逻辑功能归类、指代链分析等方法梳理考点，结合“三句定逻辑”法则和真题典例解析，帮助学生突破语篇逻辑运用难点。 亮点在于“语境沉浸”教学策略，如通过“逻辑功能地图”归类连词家族，用“定位-匹配”法训练代词指代，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。设“迁移运用”“优题精选”分层练习，配合通读验证机制，确保学生高效掌握虚词解题逻辑，教师可据此精准把控复习节奏，提升学生应考能力。

专题16 选词填空（虚词考点） 目录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 4 03·题型通关·靶向突破 4 考点一 题型破解 5 一、题型特点 5 二、解题要点 6 考点二 解题要点 8 一、介词&连词 8 二、代词 10 三、冠词&数词 12 04·优题精选·练能提分 13 题型 考查形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 知识运用之选词填空 □选择题 ☑非选择题 2026中考英语新题型 考情分析 一、考情总览：从“结构规则”走向“语篇逻辑” 2026湖南省考英语“选词填空”（或称“语法填空”）题型正经历深刻变革，其核心是从考查对孤立、静态语法规则的记忆，转向对语法知识在具体、连贯的语篇中进行逻辑化运用的能力。这一转向精准呼应了新课标“在语境中学习和使用语言知识”的理念，旨在培养学生的语言能力与思维品质。 虚词（介词、连词、代词、冠词、数词）是构建语篇逻辑的“黏合剂”。在10个空格的题目中，约有2-3题为无提示词填空，其考点几乎全部集中于虚词。考查的关键不再是机械记忆，而是在完整语篇中分析逻辑关系、明确指代对象、判断特指与泛指的能力。 二、考情分析：近三年中考虚词考点深度解读 以下对各大虚词考点的命题规律与趋势进行具体分析，其设计与新课标强调的“语篇知识”和“语用知识”高度契合。 考点一：介词与连词 —— 语篇逻辑的“桥梁” 此考点要求学生像“文本逻辑师”一样，精准识别并使用词语来构建句子与段落之间的逻辑关系。 1. 命题特点： · 功能化考查取代单一搭配：对介词的考查，已从记忆“at home”这类固定搭配，转向分析其在语境中表达的时间、地点、原因、方式、比较等逻辑功能。例如，是表达“通过某种方式”（by doing）还是“出于某种原因”（for a reason）。 · 连词考查聚焦逻辑纽带：对连词的考查，核心在于判断空格前后句子的逻辑关系（因果、转折、并列、条件、时间等），并选择能精确传递该关系的词语。这要求学生理解句子在语篇发展中承担的“起承转合”作用。 2. 真题示例与解题关键： · 1：“He improved his English ___ watching movies and listening to songs.” 这里需要表达“通过…方式”实现提高，应填 by。解题关键在于识别“方式”逻辑。 · 2：“The task was difficult, ___ we never thought of giving up.” 前后句为明显转折关系，应填 but。解题关键在于识别“转折”逻辑。 核心陷阱：学生容易仅凭单词“感觉”或局部搭配答题，而忽略了对整句甚至句群逻辑关系的整体判断。干扰项往往是语法正确但逻辑不符的其他介词或连词。 考点二：代词 —— 语篇指代的“坐标” 此考点考查学生作为“阅读追踪者”的能力，要求能在上下文中清晰地定位指代对象，确保行文连贯、指代明确。 1. 命题特点： · 指代的精确性与一致性：重点考查人称代词（he, him, his）、物主代词、反身代词（myself）与先行词在性、数、格上的一致性。一道题可能同时涉及主格与宾格的选择。 · 不定代词的语境化筛选：对 some/any, both/all, another/other, none/neither 等的考查，完全依赖于对上下文肯定、否定、范围、数量等语境的精细理解。 · 替代与衔接功能：强调代词在避免名词重复、实现语篇衔接方面的功能。 2. 真题示例与解题关键： · 1：“Everyone should do ___ part to protect ___ environment.” 第一空需用形容词性物主代词 his or her/their 与 Everyone 对应；第二空为“环境”特指，用 the。解题关键在于追踪并匹配“每个人”与“环境”的指代关系。 · 2：“I have two pens. One is red, and ___ is blue.” 在两者中指明“另一个”，应填 the other。解题关键在于确定总数为二的范围。 核心陷阱：指代模糊或错误。当句子结构稍复杂或先行词距离较远时，学生容易选错代词的性别（he/she）或数（it/they），或误用不定代词。 考点三：冠词与数词 —— 语篇信息的“定位器” 此考点考查学生作为“信息界定者”的能力，要求能准确判断名词在语境中是“泛泛而谈”还是“特指某物”，是“一个”还是“一些”。 1. 命题特点： · 冠词：语境内化的特指判断：对 a/an 与 the 的考查，几乎完全脱离机械规则，转而依赖学生对上下文是否提供了特指信息的敏感度。首次提及、再次提及、后置限定修饰、常识唯一等，都是判断信号。 · 数词：语境中的数量逻辑：考查基数词、序数词的基本转换，以及 few/a few, little/a little 在可数与不可数、肯定与否定含义上的区别。命题常与名词的单复数形式相结合。 2. 真题示例与解题关键： · 1：“There is ___ useful book on the desk. ___ book is my brother‘s.” 第一空首次提及，表“一本”，填 a；第二空前文已明确是哪本书，特指，填 The。解题关键在于追踪名词在文中的“出现历史”。 · 2：“After ___ third try, he finally succeeded.” 这里表示“第三次尝试”，应填序数词 the third。解题关键在于识别“顺序”概念。 核心陷阱：学生常死记“第一次用a，第二次用the”的规则，但忽略了对语境中“特指性”的实时判断，尤其在名词带有后置定语（如 the key to the door）或表示抽象概念具体化时容易出错。 命题预测及备考建议 2026年命题趋势预测 1. 逻辑密度与复杂度提升：单个虚词填空题可能承载更复杂的逻辑关系。例如，一个连词填空可能同时隐含因果与轻微转折，对学生的逻辑精细辨别力要求更高。 2. 跨句甚至跨段指代：代词的指代对象可能不再局限于前一句，可能跨越多个句子或段落，考查学生的宏观信息跟踪能力。 3. 融合文化意识与价值导向：选材更贴近现实生活与中国语境。例如，在讲述社区故事的语篇中考查连词和代词，使语法填空同时成为理解和谐邻里关系、奉献精神等价值观的过程。 4. 与实词考点的隐性结合：虚词填空的判定，可能更依赖于对前后实词（尤其是动词和名词）的语义和形式（如单复数）的准确理解，体现语言的综合性。 精准备考“三步走”策略 第一步：概念重构——建立“功能意识” · 制作“逻辑功能地图”：带领学生不再按单词表记忆虚词，而是按逻辑功能归类。例如，将连词分为“转折家族”（but, however, although）、“因果家族”（because, so, therefore）等，并辨析其细微差别和用法。 · 进行“指代链”分析练习：在阅读任何段落时，有意识地画出代词与先行词之间的连线，训练信息追踪的视觉化思维。 第二步：能力进阶——实施“语境沉浸”训练 · 推行“三句定逻辑”法则：解题时，必须至少读完空格所在句、前一句和后一句，画出时间线、因果链、指代关系，再下判断。强制养成“断句不断文”的阅读习惯。 · 开展“选项逻辑审判”：对每个选项，不仅要问“它能填进去吗？”，更要问“填进去后，此句与上下文的逻辑是最通畅、最必然的吗？”引导学生理解正确选项的“不可替代性”。 第三步：思维升华——实现“语篇共创” · “整体通读验证”制度化：完成所有填空后，必须进行无停顿的通篇朗读。任何在语感上“卡顿”或逻辑上“跳跃”之处，都是重点复查对象。这是检验虚词（尤其是连词和代词）是否真正服务语篇的终极标准。 · 进行“语篇架构师”角色扮演：让学生自主选择短文，挖去关键的逻辑连接词（连词、部分介词）和指代词，由同伴填写。通过角色互换，深刻体会作者如何运用虚词来组织思想、引导读者，从而内化解题逻辑。 考点一 题型破解 一、题型特点 考查本质：语篇连贯的“逻辑脚手架” 对虚词的考查，已完全超越对单个词语用法的孤立检测，其本质是检验学生建构和解析语篇内部逻辑关系的能力。每个空格处的虚词，都是一个逻辑节点，承担着连接思想、明确指代、界定信息的核心功能。这要求学生像“语篇建筑师”一样，理解文章的思想是如何通过这些逻辑部件组织、推进并最终形成一个严密整体的。 2. 思维过程：上下文驱动的“逻辑勘探” 解题是一个纯粹 “由外向内”的逻辑推理过程。学生无法依赖词汇本身的“含义”进行选择，而必须化身为“逻辑勘探者”，在上下文中寻找线索： · 对于介词/连词：勘探重点是空格前后信息单元之间的逻辑关系（因果、转折、时间、方式等）。 · 对于代词：勘探任务是在语境中定位其指代的先行词，并建立准确的指代链条。 · 对于冠词/数词：勘探核心是判断名词在语境中的信息状态（是特指还是泛指？是确数还是概数？）。 正确答案完全“隐藏”在语境线索中，思维过程就是发现并解读这些线索的过程。 3. 答案特征：逻辑链条上的“必然一环” 正确答案具有 “逻辑唯一性” 。它不是“正确的”，而是在当前语境下逻辑推导的必然结果。例如，前文提出问题，后文空格填入because；前句提到“两个”，后句指代“另一个”则必用the other。干扰项往往是语法形式正确，但在当前逻辑链中“格格不入”或“模糊不清”的选项。 4. 与实词考查的核心差异 · 实词填空：如同为画作“上色”，需选择最契合主题色彩（语境）和画布纹理（语法）的颜料（词汇），侧重 “意义匹配”与“形式变化”。 · 虚词填空：如同为建筑“搭建钢结构”，需根据设计图（文意）选择不同形状和功能的连接件（虚词），确保建筑稳固、通道顺畅，侧重 “功能选择”与“逻辑自洽” 。虚词答案本身没有“对错”的变体（如名词单复数、动词时态），只有在当前逻辑下“用或不用”、“用A还是用B”的绝对判断。 二、解题要点 面对虚词填空，应遵循一套从宏观到微观、从整体到局部的系统性解题流程。 第一步：战略预判——俯瞰“逻辑地形图” 在逐句解题前，进行快速全局阅读，目标不是细节，而是绘制文章的“逻辑地形图”。 1. 定文体明脉络：判断是叙事、说明还是议论。叙事文重点抓时间线和人物关系；议论文重点抓论点与论据的支撑关系。这预判了可能高频出现的逻辑关系（如叙事文多用时间连词when, after；议论文多用因果连词therefore, because）。 2. 标关键名词与时间：用笔快速圈出核心人物、事物名词以及时间状语。这能提前预警后续可能出现的代词指代和冠词特指问题。 第二步：分层突破——优先攻克“逻辑高地” 遵循“先易后难，先明确后模糊”的原则，首先解决那些线索最明确的题目，为全文建立逻辑锚点。 1. 锁定“信号枪”题型： 固定搭配呼救：遇到not only... but also..., between... and..., from... to...等半结构，可直接根据搭配补全。 并列转折标志：出现and, but, or 等并列连词，或however, for example等副词性连接词的空格前后，需确保逻辑一致。 指代前词明确：空格后出现一个在前文刚刚清晰提及的名词，或空格前有both, all, another等范围限定词，代词或冠词的选择往往很明确。 2. 首句尾句重点审查：文章首句的空格常设冠词（定全文基调），段落首句或尾句的空格常设连词（承上启下）。 第三步：精细验证——深度剖析“逻辑矿井” 对剩余难题，需进行更精细的上下文逻辑分析，像开掘矿井一样深入探查。 1. “三句一体”分析法：将解题视野扩大到包含空格句在内的至少三个句子。分析其逻辑推进：是“陈述-举例”、 “问题-原因-解决方案”还是“对比-转折”？ 2. 虚词解题核心心法： 遇介词/连词：问“此空前后是什么逻辑关系？”（因果？转折？时间？方式？）。先定性，再选词。 遇代词：执行“定位-匹配”程序：①向前（偶有向后）定位先行词；②匹配“性、数、格”；③检查指代是否清晰无歧义。 遇冠词：执行“特指四问”：①唯一吗？（the sun）②前文提过吗？③后有限定吗？（the book you bought）④双方心知肚明吗？若皆否，则用a/an或零冠词。 遇数词：明确上下文需要的是基数（量）、序数（序）还是不定量（few/little）。 第四步：终局审查——通读检验“逻辑贯通” 完成所有填空后，必须进行终极验证，确保逻辑网络的整体通畅。 1. 逻辑流朗读：将所有答案代入，以寻找逻辑关系为目的进行通读。重点感受每个连词、代词、冠词是否使行文流畅、指代清晰、界定明确。任何需要停顿回味或产生歧义的地方，都可能存在问题。 2. 一致性最终检查： 指代一致性：检查所有代词是否都有明确且唯一的先行词，全文指代是否一致（避免前面用he，后面突然用this person）。 逻辑一致性：检查由连词和介词构建的逻辑关系网在全文是否自洽，有无矛盾。 特指一致性：检查同一名词在文中再次出现时，冠词的使用是否符合其特指状态的变化。 考点二 解题要点 一、介词 & 连词 一、解题核心 作为构建语篇逻辑关系的“枢纽”，其解题核心在于精准识别并匹配空格前后信息单元（词、短语或句子）之间所隐含的逻辑关系，并选择能唯一、准确表达此关系的语法功能词。 二、解题步骤 1. 析关系，定功能：脱离选项，深度分析空格前后内容的语义联系，判断其逻辑关系（如因果、转折、时间、方式、并列等），并确定此处需要连接词（连词）还是引入附加信息（介词）。 2. 选词语，配逻辑：根据上一步判断出的具体逻辑关系，从语法的角度筛选能够承担此功能的词语（例如，表“原因”的连词because/since或介词短语because of/due to）。 3. 验衔接，保通畅：将所选词代入，通读空格所在句及相邻句子，检验其是否使逻辑链条最清晰、语义衔接最流畅。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项/陷阱 逻辑先行原则 答案的选择首要取决于语境逻辑，而非词语的固定印象。 坚持“先判关系，后选词”。遇到空格，第一反应是问：“这里前后是什么逻辑关系？” 逻辑误判：未理解文意，将转折误判为因果，或将目的误判为结果。 功能区分原则 连词连接分句（有完整主谓），介词后接名词性成分（名词、代词、动名词）。 分析空格后紧跟的语法单位。是完整句子（含主语动词）吗？是则优先考虑连词；否则考虑介词。 词性混淆：误用because（连词）后接名词，或误用despite（介词）后接完整句子。 搭配语境化原则 固定搭配的使用需服从此处的具体语境，不可生搬硬套。 即使认出not only... but also...结构，也需验证填入but also后，其连接的两部分在语义和形式上是否真正构成递进。 搭配错位：机械套用搭配，而忽略其在当前语境下是否合理、自然。 【典例1-1】 before because but after so by Last Saturday, our community held a clean-up event. I didn't want to join at first, __1___ I thought it would be boring. My mom encouraged me to go, saying it was important to do something for our neighborhood ___2__ the event started. ___3__ I arrived, I was given a pair of gloves and a trash bag. The work was harder than I expected, __4___ everyone was working together with a smile. I saw an old man picking up litter carefully __5___ hand. Soon, I found myself enjoying the teamwork, __6___ I decided to join the next event as well. 【答案】 1.because 2. before 3. After 4. but 5. by 6. so 【解析】1.because解析：空格前后句构成“我不想去”和“我认为这很无聊”之间的原因解释关系。后句是前句的原因，故用表示原因的连词 because（因为）。解题线索：逻辑判断。问自己：“我为什么不想去？” 因为“我觉得无聊”。 2.before解析：空格位于“做点事”和“活动开始”之间。根据句意“在活动开始之前为社区做点事”，需要表示“在…之前”的介词 before。解题线索：时间顺序判断。started（开始）是明确的动作时间点，“做某事”应发生在此时间点之前。 3.After解析：空格位于句首，连接两个分句“我到达”和“我被分发工具”。根据事件发展逻辑，先“到达”，然后“被分发”，故需要表示“在…之后”的词 After。解题线索：时间顺序与句子结构。句首大写，引导时间状语从句，描述后续动作发生的时间背景。 4.but解析：空格前后两个分句“工作比预期难”和“每个人都在微笑合作”在语义上构成对比转折。虽然难，但是大家很开心，故用表转折的并列连词 but（但是）。解题线索：逻辑判断。前后分句情感或评价相反，形成对比。 5. by解析：by hand 是一个固定介词短语，意为“用手，亲手”。这里描述“用手仔细捡垃圾”的方式。解题线索：固定搭配。by hand（手工，亲手）是常用表达。 6.so解析：空格前后句构成“我享受团队合作”和“我决定下次还参加”之间的因果导致关系。前因后果，故用表示结果的连词 so（所以，于是）。解题线索：逻辑判断。问自己：“为什么我决定下次还参加？” 因为“我享受其中”。 【迁移运用1-1】 if until with however since and Learning a new skill, like playing the guitar, takes time and patience. You need to practice regularly __1___ you want to see progress. It might feel difficult at the very beginning, ___2__ your fingers will hurt. Don’t give up! Keep practicing ___3__ you can play a simple song smoothly. ___4__ the help of a good teacher or online tutorials, the journey can be easier. Remember, everyone starts as a beginner. It has been three months ___5__ I first picked up the guitar, ___6__ I am now able to play a few songs for my family. The feeling of achievement is wonderful. 二、代词 一、解题核心 作为实现语篇衔接与简洁的“指代锚点”，其解题核心在于在上下文中建立清晰、无误的指代关系，确保代词与所指代的先行词在性、数、格上绝对一致，且指代明确无歧义。 二、解题步骤 1. 定指向，寻先行：以空格为起点，向前（绝大多数情况）或向后搜索，定位其所指代的具体对象（名词、名词短语或整个概念）。 2. 审一致，对三性：确认先行词后，严格核对并匹配代词的性（男he/女she/物it）、数（单数it/he/复数they）、格（主格I作主语/宾格me作宾语/所有格my表所属）。 3. 辨不定，依语境：若为不定代词（some, any, all, another等），则需依据上下文的肯定、否定、疑问语气及数量范围进行筛选。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项/陷阱 指代明确原则 代词必须有且只有一个明确的先行词，指代关系不容模糊。 填入代词后，检查读者是否能毫不费力地回溯到唯一的指代对象。 指代模糊：当存在两个或多个可能的先行词时，代词指代不清，造成歧义。 三位一体原则 代词必须与先行词在性、数、格三个维度上保持完全一致。 执行“三查”：一查性别/事物，二查单复数，三查成分（主语、宾语、定语）。 一致性错误：如用it指代前文的people（数不一致），或用I作for的宾语（格不一致，应为me）。 语境限定原则 不定代词的选择完全由上下文的语义场（肯定/否定/疑问）和数量场（两者/三者以上）决定。 根据句子隐含的“语气”和“范围”做选择。如疑问句/否定句中通常用any，两者中“另一个”用the other。 不定词误选：在疑问句中误用some，或混淆another（三者以上）与the other（两者中）。 【典例2-1】 I we he she they it Last week, our teacher asked __1___ to work in groups. In my group, there was a girl named Lucy. ___2__ was very good at drawing. Tom and I decided that ___3__ would do the research. We divided the work all by _____. When Lucy finished __4___ beautiful poster, we all praised ___5__ work. Finally, ____6_ presentation was a great success! 【答案】 1. us 2.She 3.we 4.ourselves 5.her 6.our 【解析】1.us解析：空格位于动词 asked 之后，作宾语。ask sb. to do sth. 意为“要求某人做某事”。主语是 our teacher，要求“我们”，因此需要代词 we 的宾格形式 us。 2. She解析：空格位于句首作主语，指代前一句提到的女孩“Lucy”。因此，需要用主格代词 She，且句首字母大写。 3. we 解析：空格在宾语从句中作主语，指代主句中提到的“Tom and I”（汤姆和我），即“我们”。因此，用主格代词 we。 4. ourselves解析：by oneself 是固定短语，意为“靠某人自己”。根据主语 We，这里表示“我们靠自己”，因此需要用 we 对应的反身代词 ourselves。 5. her解析：空格位于名词 poster 之前，需要物主代词表示所属关系，意为“她的海报”。指代 Lucy，因此用 her。 6. our解析：空格位于名词 presentation 之前，需要物主代词表示所属关系，意为“我们的展示”。指代包括说话者在内的整个小组，因此用 our。 【迁移运用2-1】 it she he we they The school soccer team faced a big match last Saturday. Before the game, our captain, Mike, told __1___, “Believe in __2___!” ___3__ words filled us with confidence. Sarah, our best defender, had twisted __4___ ankle but insisted on playing. During the match, ___5__ passed the ball skillfully even in pain. In the final minute, __6___ worked as one unit and scored the winning goal! The trophy now sits in the school hall, and ___7__ shine makes everyone proud. 三、冠词&数词 一、解题核心 作为界定名词信息状态的“尺度”，其解题核心在于精确判断名词在特定语境中的特指性与量化信息，从而选择正确的冠词（定冠词the、不定冠词a/an、零冠词）或数词（基数词、序数词、不定量词）。 二、解题步骤 1. 判名词，析角色：识别空格后（或空格处）的核心名词，分析其在句子及上下文中的具体角色和信息状态。 2. 断特指，选冠词：运用“特指性四问法”判断：①是否唯一？②是否前文已提？③是否后文有限定？④是否双方共知？若满足任一“是”，用the；若为首次引入的单个可数名词，用a/an；抽象、物质或复数名词表泛指时，考虑零冠词。 3. 明数量，定数词：根据语境需要，区分是表达具体数量（基数词）、先后顺序（序数词前常加the），还是模糊数量（few/a few, little/a little）。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项/陷阱 特指决定原则 冠词a/an与the的根本区别在于名词的“特指性”，而非“第几次出现”。 坚持用“四问法”进行逻辑判断，而非机械记忆“第一次用a，第二次用the”。 冠词误用：在带有后置定语（如of...）明确特指的名词前漏用the，或在表泛指的复数名词或不可数名词前误加a/an或the。 数词功能原则 基数词、序数词与不定量词有截然不同的语法功能和表意侧重，不可互换。 明确空格处需要表达的是基数（多少）、序数（第几）还是不定量（一些/很少）。 数词混淆：混淆few（可数，否定含义）与little（不可数，否定含义）；或混淆another（“再一，另一”）与other（“其他的”）。 形式匹配原则 数词的形式（如序数词-th结尾）及与冠词的搭配（the first）需准确无误。 注意序数词前通常加the；a second则意为“又一，再一”。检查hundred/thousand等确数时不加s。 形式错误：在确数后错误使用hundreds of结构；或在序数词前漏掉定冠词the。 【典例3-1】 a an the first two one Last weekend, I tried baking ___1__ cake with my sister. It was our ___2__ time doing this. The recipe said we needed ___3__ eggs. ___4__ first step was to break them into a bowl. After mixing everything, we put the mixture into ___5__ oven. About an hour later, we had made __6___ delicious cake! We were so proud of ourselves. 【答案】 1. a 2. first 3. two 4. The 5. the 6.one 【解析】1.a解析：空格后是单数可数名词 cake，意为“一个蛋糕”。这是文中首次提及，且非特指，因此用不定冠词。由于cake以辅音音素开头，故用 a。 2.first解析：the first time 是固定短语，意为“第一次”。此处序数词first前有物主代词our，共同构成“我们的第一次”。 3.two解析：空格后是复数名词 eggs。根据句意，食谱指明了需要鸡蛋的具体数量，因此填入基数词 two（两个）。 4.The解析：first 作为序数词，前面通常需要加定冠词 the，表示“第一个”步骤。The first step 特指制作过程中的“第一步”。 5. the 解析：这里的 oven（烤箱）是对话双方（作者与读者）都知道的、进行烘焙时必然使用的那个特定工具，属于“双方共知”的特指，因此用 the。 6. one解析：空格位于形容词delicious和名词cake之间，需要填入一个词来修饰cake。此处one作为不定代词，代替了“a cake”，避免了重复，强调结果是“一个”完整的蛋糕，意为“一个美味的蛋糕”。 【迁移运用3-1】 a the ten two hundred one Our school is preparing for __1___ big celebration — its __2___ anniversary! There will be ___3__ main events: an art show and ___4__ concert. We’ve collected nearly one __5___ photos and stories from past decades for a special exhibition. The opening ceremony will be ___6__ most exciting moment for all of us. Passage 1 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。   that  where  city  ride  but  what  she  why  to  teach   Li Chutao,50, is the head teacher of a primary school in the village of Lijiagou, Shandong Province. He has dedicated (献出) nearly thirty years of his life to changing the lives of the rural children through education. Li finished college in 1997. That year, Li had a chance to teach in the city, 1 he gave it up. He chose to return to the village Lijagou 2 he grew up and worked as a teacher at the village’s primary school. In the past, it was not easy to get around in the village, but Li kept making home visits. He bought a motorcycle and 3 over 15 km at night to visit students’ homes after a day of teaching. He has always believed that the road to students’ homes is the way 4 their hearts. At the beginning of one fall term, a student named Zhang Ling dropped out. Li set out to her home right away. To his surprise, 5 parents refused to meet him. However, Li didn’t give up and visited the family again and again until Zhang Ling’s mother agreed 6 Zhang Ling could return to her studies. Besides, Li tries to help the rural children learn about the newest development of the world. He uses many new ways in his 7 . Through his hard work, the small school now has lessons like robotics and creative arts. Some works of his students have even been shown in big 8 like Beijing, Shanghai and so on. “I feel very happy because I love 9 I do,” Li explained when people asked him 10 he had stayed in the village all these years. “To me, it is not hardship but happiness.” Passage 2 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 the  feel  goal  I  use  high  when  reach  without  worth 48-year-old He Jing from Xi’an, Shaanxi has become the first person from China and the third woman in the world to climb all 14 of the world’s mountains over 8,000 meters without the use of oxygen (氧气). He Jing started mountain climbing 1 she was eighteen in 1996. Her first climb was in the Qinling Mountains and she showed great interest in 2 sport. Suffering from (遭受) the great pain of her grandma’s death in 2012, He Jing tried to climb a mountain over 5,000 meters for the first time—one that is much 3 than those she had climbed before. The experience makes her 4 peaceful in her mind. Since then, He Jing has climbed many high mountains. She reached the top of her first 8,000-meter mountain, Mount Cho Oyu, in 2016. Only one bottle of oxygen 5 during that climb. Later He Jing decided to challenge future climbs 6 oxygen. To prepare for it, she trained very hard. Her first successful try came on September 25, 2017 in Nepal. “When climbing, I kept telling 7 not to fall asleep, as I might never wake up again,” she said. On May 14, 2022, He Jing became the first Chinese woman 8 the top of Mount Qomolangma from the south side without using bottled oxygen. How amazing she was! For us, her spirit is always 9 learning from. “I didn’t set many 10 for myself,” He Jing said. “I simply love to realize my dream, one step at a time.” Passage 3 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 begin    choose   educate    write    pride     regret      support     thanks to       look at     look back on I still remember my kindergarten (幼儿园) teacher, Mrs. White. She looked just like Snow White, because they had the same bright eyes and dark hair. We used 1 a lot. And I would show what I wrote to Mrs. White for correction (批改). She would 2 my writing and see many mistakes in it. But she never made any red corrections and she always gave a star. I was feeling 3 of my writing each time I got a star. But it worried my mother when she found I spelt the words badly. So one day, when Mom met Mrs. White at a parent-teacher meeting , she angrily asked her why she never corrected my mistakes . Mrs. White said, “The children are just 4 to get excited about using words. The 5 of spelling and grammar can wait. But we can’t stop their interest with a red pen.” My mother understood Mrs. White and she 6 talking to her in an awful manner. And all the parents 7 Mrs. White’s teaching way. Finally, all my classmates managed to learn to use words with loving care and confidence like that. If Mrs. White made the same 8 as most teachers-to use her red pen more often, I probably wouldn’t be telling you about this now. Whenever I 9 those encouraging stars from Mrs. White, I feel they just look like real shiny stars in the night sky. She was such a wonderful teacher, who tried to use a red pen less to keep the joy , wonder and excitement in a child’s mind . 10 Mrs. White, I have no fear of writing. Also, I’m not afraid of any mistakes in my life! Passage 4 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 make  music  he  song know  nation   be     unlucky  deep  father Do you know any famous Chinese folk music that’s played on Chinese musical instruments? Abing is famous as a great Chinese folk 1 . Among all his pieces of music, Erquan Yingyue 2 the most famous and moving one. After looking up the history of Erquan Yingyue, I understood the sadness in the music. When Abing was a little boy, his mother died. Abing’s father taught him to play many musical instruments. When he was 17 years old, Abing was 3 for his musical ability. However, his 4 death made Abing’s life worse. He was very poor. And 5 , Abing developed a serious illness and became blind. But he continued to sing and play on the streets to 6 money. That was why his music was so sad and painful. Abing’s amazing musical skills made 7 very popular during his lifetime. By the end of his life, he could play more than 600 pieces. Many of them were written by Abing himself. Although only six 8 were recorded for the future world to hear, his popularity comes to this day. Today, Abing’s Erquan Yingyue has become one of the 9 treasures of China. Its sad beauty not only tells Abing’s life, but also makes people think about the 10 wounds they have experienced in the past. Passage 5 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。     although,  country,  return,  suppose,  for,  I,  as,  work,  dream,  happy Yang Zhenning, who is known 1 a world-famous physicist and Nobel Prize winner, passed away on October 18, 2025, in Beijing. He made great contributions to both global science and China’s development. Born in Hefei, Anhui in 1922, Yang showed great talent in science from an early age. Growing up in a time when China was weak, he realized that he was 2 to use his knowledge to help his 3 . In 1945, he went to the United States to study physics. “Since then, he has 4 of bridging the gap between Chinese and Western science,” said a student. However, at that time, cultural and political differences made his path difficult. By 5 very hard, Yang made breakthroughs in particle physics and won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957. This achievement brought great 6 to Chinese people around the world. 7 he lived abroad for many years, he never forgot his motherland. In his later years, he 8 to China and worked to improve China’s scientific education. Yang once said, “I am just doing 9 duty to connect China with the world of science.” Now, his story is 10 to young people to encourage them to pursue their scientific dreams for the country. Passage 6 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 sale  realize  harmful  traded  groups  strongest  slowly   Save the Sharks! Many have heard of shark fin soup. But do you 1 that you’re killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup? When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean. This is not only cruel, but also 2 to the environment. Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and 3 dies. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the 4 in their food chain. But in fact, around 70 million sharks are caught and 5 in this industry every year. The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years. Environmental protection 6 around the world, such as Wild Aid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”. They have even asked governments to develop laws to stop the 7 of shark fins. So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them? Help save the sharks! Passage 7 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 brush    what  be  they  something  comfortable  because  use   with  invent There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put it in the bathroom. If we don’t use it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess 1 it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know 2 about its history? Before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people cleaned 3 teeth with some small tree branches (树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of tooth brushes 4 pig hair and bamboo. It might 5 the world’s earliest form of toothbrushes. As time went by, the form of toothbrushes changed. For example, people didn’t use pig hair to make toothbrushes 6 it was too hard (硬的). They began to use horse-tail hair which was much softer. Imagine that you travel back to hundreds of years ago and brush your teeth 7 . It sounds fantastic, doesn’t it? Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became popular among local people soon. The 8 of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very 9 in daily life. Today we get into the good habit of 10 teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it. Passage 8 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 clear  feel  memory  listen  experience  make  quiet  different  cry  use Last weekend, I found an old tape recorder in a box. It was very dusty and looked a little old. My dad said it hadn’t been 1 for years. I decided to clean it and see if it still worked. After cleaning, I connected it to the power. To my surprise, it started playing! The sound wasn’t very 2 , but I could hear a song. It was a slow, sad song about lost love. I didn’t know the singer, but the music made me 3 calm and thoughtful. My younger brother came into the room. After 4 to it for some minutes, he said, “This music is too sad. It 5 me want to leave the room.” He prefers loud and exciting music. I understood how he felt. Different types of music can bring 6 feelings to different people. Just then, our mom walked in. She stopped and listened. A big smile appeared on her face. “This song!” she said. “It was my favorite when I was your age. It doesn’t make me 7 . It brings back so many happy 8 with my friends.” This 9 taught me something important. Nothing is truly good or bad. Its effect depends on our personal experiences. That old tape recorder now sits in my room. Sometimes, I listen to it 10 and think about Mom’s stories. It’s a wonderful thing that connects our family. Passage 9 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 achieve   they   give   pick   lucky     size   throw   big   while   who   Because of an illness in his childhood, Luan Qiping’s feet didn’t develop well. For over 60 years, he has been walking on feet of different 1 . In 2007, Luan met two amputee (被截肢者) friends. One of them wore a left shoe 2 the other wore only the right one. After learning they had the same shoe size, Luan got an idea. He could be a “matchmaker” for other amputees who share the same situation. Luan created a chat group named “One Shoe Bank” on QQ. People 3 need either a left or a right shoe can exchange their shoes through the group. As more and more people want to join, Luan’s chat groups have become much 4 . Now it includes over 5,000 members. Once, Luan knew that shoe factories just 5 unwanted shoes into landfills (垃圾处理场). Luan decided 6 up some comfortable ones in those factories and send them to people who need them. It was not an easy job. 7 , lots of volunteers gave a helping hand. With their help, 60,000 single shoes 8 out by “One Shoe Bank” throughout China. For Luan, the bank has become a career (职业). He says helping disabled people gives him a sense of 9 . “People all have 10 own goals in life. I just want to do something valuable,” said Luan. “The journey has been very difficult, but in the end worthwhile.” Passage 10 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 build   cover   special   season   wild   he   body   million   live   real Thousands of years ago, there lived a man called Shennong. He had an ox (牛) head and a human 1 . On his way to finding the right herb (药草), Shennong came across a mountain. He 2 a wooden ladder (木梯) and climbed up the mountain, finding 400 kinds of herbs. To remember 3 , people named the place Shennongjia. Shennongjia in Hubei is now a popular place for travelers. 4 of people visit it every year. Traveling there is a special experience, as you can see the scenery of different 5 from different heights. “When the foot of the mountain is in summer, the top is in spring. When the foot is in autumn, the top is 6 with ice,” local people said. Shennongjia is also home to about 5,000 kinds of animals and plants. Many endangered animals 7 there, such as the golden monkey and the Asian black bear. One interesting thing about Shennongjia is its legend of 8 men. Some people once said that they saw big human-like wild animals. Are there 9 wild men in Shennongjia? It is still a mystery. Scientists haven’t got good answers yet. The beautiful place received a 10 title (称号) on July 17, 2016. It was added to the World Heritage List (世界遗产名录) as a “World Natural Heritage Site”. Passage 11 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 between  sent   orders  where  modern  makes  them  important  company  everything  It is fun to watch a baseball game. But do you know 1 the balls come from? In Dushan County, Guizhou Province, a factory can make more than 10,000 baseballs every day and people send 2 to Europe and the United States. The position of Dushan County 3 it an important place in Guizhou because it’s easy to get to the major ports (港口) in Guangdong and Guangxi from here. Products of Dushan County can be 4 to the ports in one day. To make excellent baseballs, quality (质量) control is very important. In the workshops, experienced workers strictly control 5 about the balls, especially the weight. The weight must be 6 141.8 grams and 148.8 grams. The 7 was set up in 2003. It developed from a small workshop to a 8 baseball production line that has more than 200 workers now. Making baseballs has become a(n) 9 way for the people there to increase their incomes (收入). Last year, the company made 3.8 million baseballs. At the beginning of this year, the company received 10 for more than 5 million balls. They hope they can produce more baseballs in the next few years. 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题16 选词填空（虚词考点） 目录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 4 03·题型通关·靶向突破 4 考点一 题型破解 5 一、题型特点 5 二、解题要点 6 考点二 解题要点 8 一、介词&连词 8 二、代词 10 三、冠词&数词 13 04·优题精选·练能提分 15 题型 考查形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 知识运用之选词填空 □选择题 ☑非选择题 2026中考英语新题型 考情分析 一、考情总览：从“结构规则”走向“语篇逻辑” 2026湖南省考英语“选词填空”（或称“语法填空”）题型正经历深刻变革，其核心是从考查对孤立、静态语法规则的记忆，转向对语法知识在具体、连贯的语篇中进行逻辑化运用的能力。这一转向精准呼应了新课标“在语境中学习和使用语言知识”的理念，旨在培养学生的语言能力与思维品质。 虚词（介词、连词、代词、冠词、数词）是构建语篇逻辑的“黏合剂”。在10个空格的题目中，约有2-3题为无提示词填空，其考点几乎全部集中于虚词。考查的关键不再是机械记忆，而是在完整语篇中分析逻辑关系、明确指代对象、判断特指与泛指的能力。 二、考情分析：近三年中考虚词考点深度解读 以下对各大虚词考点的命题规律与趋势进行具体分析，其设计与新课标强调的“语篇知识”和“语用知识”高度契合。 考点一：介词与连词 —— 语篇逻辑的“桥梁” 此考点要求学生像“文本逻辑师”一样，精准识别并使用词语来构建句子与段落之间的逻辑关系。 1. 命题特点： · 功能化考查取代单一搭配：对介词的考查，已从记忆“at home”这类固定搭配，转向分析其在语境中表达的时间、地点、原因、方式、比较等逻辑功能。例如，是表达“通过某种方式”（by doing）还是“出于某种原因”（for a reason）。 · 连词考查聚焦逻辑纽带：对连词的考查，核心在于判断空格前后句子的逻辑关系（因果、转折、并列、条件、时间等），并选择能精确传递该关系的词语。这要求学生理解句子在语篇发展中承担的“起承转合”作用。 2. 真题示例与解题关键： · 1：“He improved his English ___ watching movies and listening to songs.” 这里需要表达“通过…方式”实现提高，应填 by。解题关键在于识别“方式”逻辑。 · 2：“The task was difficult, ___ we never thought of giving up.” 前后句为明显转折关系，应填 but。解题关键在于识别“转折”逻辑。 核心陷阱：学生容易仅凭单词“感觉”或局部搭配答题，而忽略了对整句甚至句群逻辑关系的整体判断。干扰项往往是语法正确但逻辑不符的其他介词或连词。 考点二：代词 —— 语篇指代的“坐标” 此考点考查学生作为“阅读追踪者”的能力，要求能在上下文中清晰地定位指代对象，确保行文连贯、指代明确。 1. 命题特点： · 指代的精确性与一致性：重点考查人称代词（he, him, his）、物主代词、反身代词（myself）与先行词在性、数、格上的一致性。一道题可能同时涉及主格与宾格的选择。 · 不定代词的语境化筛选：对 some/any, both/all, another/other, none/neither 等的考查，完全依赖于对上下文肯定、否定、范围、数量等语境的精细理解。 · 替代与衔接功能：强调代词在避免名词重复、实现语篇衔接方面的功能。 2. 真题示例与解题关键： · 1：“Everyone should do ___ part to protect ___ environment.” 第一空需用形容词性物主代词 his or her/their 与 Everyone 对应；第二空为“环境”特指，用 the。解题关键在于追踪并匹配“每个人”与“环境”的指代关系。 · 2：“I have two pens. One is red, and ___ is blue.” 在两者中指明“另一个”，应填 the other。解题关键在于确定总数为二的范围。 核心陷阱：指代模糊或错误。当句子结构稍复杂或先行词距离较远时，学生容易选错代词的性别（he/she）或数（it/they），或误用不定代词。 考点三：冠词与数词 —— 语篇信息的“定位器” 此考点考查学生作为“信息界定者”的能力，要求能准确判断名词在语境中是“泛泛而谈”还是“特指某物”，是“一个”还是“一些”。 1. 命题特点： · 冠词：语境内化的特指判断：对 a/an 与 the 的考查，几乎完全脱离机械规则，转而依赖学生对上下文是否提供了特指信息的敏感度。首次提及、再次提及、后置限定修饰、常识唯一等，都是判断信号。 · 数词：语境中的数量逻辑：考查基数词、序数词的基本转换，以及 few/a few, little/a little 在可数与不可数、肯定与否定含义上的区别。命题常与名词的单复数形式相结合。 2. 真题示例与解题关键： · 1：“There is ___ useful book on the desk. ___ book is my brother‘s.” 第一空首次提及，表“一本”，填 a；第二空前文已明确是哪本书，特指，填 The。解题关键在于追踪名词在文中的“出现历史”。 · 2：“After ___ third try, he finally succeeded.” 这里表示“第三次尝试”，应填序数词 the third。解题关键在于识别“顺序”概念。 核心陷阱：学生常死记“第一次用a，第二次用the”的规则，但忽略了对语境中“特指性”的实时判断，尤其在名词带有后置定语（如 the key to the door）或表示抽象概念具体化时容易出错。 命题预测及备考建议 2026年命题趋势预测 1. 逻辑密度与复杂度提升：单个虚词填空题可能承载更复杂的逻辑关系。例如，一个连词填空可能同时隐含因果与轻微转折，对学生的逻辑精细辨别力要求更高。 2. 跨句甚至跨段指代：代词的指代对象可能不再局限于前一句，可能跨越多个句子或段落，考查学生的宏观信息跟踪能力。 3. 融合文化意识与价值导向：选材更贴近现实生活与中国语境。例如，在讲述社区故事的语篇中考查连词和代词，使语法填空同时成为理解和谐邻里关系、奉献精神等价值观的过程。 4. 与实词考点的隐性结合：虚词填空的判定，可能更依赖于对前后实词（尤其是动词和名词）的语义和形式（如单复数）的准确理解，体现语言的综合性。 精准备考“三步走”策略 第一步：概念重构——建立“功能意识” · 制作“逻辑功能地图”：带领学生不再按单词表记忆虚词，而是按逻辑功能归类。例如，将连词分为“转折家族”（but, however, although）、“因果家族”（because, so, therefore）等，并辨析其细微差别和用法。 · 进行“指代链”分析练习：在阅读任何段落时，有意识地画出代词与先行词之间的连线，训练信息追踪的视觉化思维。 第二步：能力进阶——实施“语境沉浸”训练 · 推行“三句定逻辑”法则：解题时，必须至少读完空格所在句、前一句和后一句，画出时间线、因果链、指代关系，再下判断。强制养成“断句不断文”的阅读习惯。 · 开展“选项逻辑审判”：对每个选项，不仅要问“它能填进去吗？”，更要问“填进去后，此句与上下文的逻辑是最通畅、最必然的吗？”引导学生理解正确选项的“不可替代性”。 第三步：思维升华——实现“语篇共创” · “整体通读验证”制度化：完成所有填空后，必须进行无停顿的通篇朗读。任何在语感上“卡顿”或逻辑上“跳跃”之处，都是重点复查对象。这是检验虚词（尤其是连词和代词）是否真正服务语篇的终极标准。 · 进行“语篇架构师”角色扮演：让学生自主选择短文，挖去关键的逻辑连接词（连词、部分介词）和指代词，由同伴填写。通过角色互换，深刻体会作者如何运用虚词来组织思想、引导读者，从而内化解题逻辑。 考点一 题型破解 一、题型特点 考查本质：语篇连贯的“逻辑脚手架” 对虚词的考查，已完全超越对单个词语用法的孤立检测，其本质是检验学生建构和解析语篇内部逻辑关系的能力。每个空格处的虚词，都是一个逻辑节点，承担着连接思想、明确指代、界定信息的核心功能。这要求学生像“语篇建筑师”一样，理解文章的思想是如何通过这些逻辑部件组织、推进并最终形成一个严密整体的。 2. 思维过程：上下文驱动的“逻辑勘探” 解题是一个纯粹 “由外向内”的逻辑推理过程。学生无法依赖词汇本身的“含义”进行选择，而必须化身为“逻辑勘探者”，在上下文中寻找线索： · 对于介词/连词：勘探重点是空格前后信息单元之间的逻辑关系（因果、转折、时间、方式等）。 · 对于代词：勘探任务是在语境中定位其指代的先行词，并建立准确的指代链条。 · 对于冠词/数词：勘探核心是判断名词在语境中的信息状态（是特指还是泛指？是确数还是概数？）。 正确答案完全“隐藏”在语境线索中，思维过程就是发现并解读这些线索的过程。 3. 答案特征：逻辑链条上的“必然一环” 正确答案具有 “逻辑唯一性” 。它不是“正确的”，而是在当前语境下逻辑推导的必然结果。例如，前文提出问题，后文空格填入because；前句提到“两个”，后句指代“另一个”则必用the other。干扰项往往是语法形式正确，但在当前逻辑链中“格格不入”或“模糊不清”的选项。 4. 与实词考查的核心差异 · 实词填空：如同为画作“上色”，需选择最契合主题色彩（语境）和画布纹理（语法）的颜料（词汇），侧重 “意义匹配”与“形式变化”。 · 虚词填空：如同为建筑“搭建钢结构”，需根据设计图（文意）选择不同形状和功能的连接件（虚词），确保建筑稳固、通道顺畅，侧重 “功能选择”与“逻辑自洽” 。虚词答案本身没有“对错”的变体（如名词单复数、动词时态），只有在当前逻辑下“用或不用”、“用A还是用B”的绝对判断。 二、解题要点 面对虚词填空，应遵循一套从宏观到微观、从整体到局部的系统性解题流程。 第一步：战略预判——俯瞰“逻辑地形图” 在逐句解题前，进行快速全局阅读，目标不是细节，而是绘制文章的“逻辑地形图”。 1. 定文体明脉络：判断是叙事、说明还是议论。叙事文重点抓时间线和人物关系；议论文重点抓论点与论据的支撑关系。这预判了可能高频出现的逻辑关系（如叙事文多用时间连词when, after；议论文多用因果连词therefore, because）。 2. 标关键名词与时间：用笔快速圈出核心人物、事物名词以及时间状语。这能提前预警后续可能出现的代词指代和冠词特指问题。 第二步：分层突破——优先攻克“逻辑高地” 遵循“先易后难，先明确后模糊”的原则，首先解决那些线索最明确的题目，为全文建立逻辑锚点。 1. 锁定“信号枪”题型： 固定搭配呼救：遇到not only... but also..., between... and..., from... to...等半结构，可直接根据搭配补全。 并列转折标志：出现and, but, or 等并列连词，或however, for example等副词性连接词的空格前后，需确保逻辑一致。 指代前词明确：空格后出现一个在前文刚刚清晰提及的名词，或空格前有both, all, another等范围限定词，代词或冠词的选择往往很明确。 2. 首句尾句重点审查：文章首句的空格常设冠词（定全文基调），段落首句或尾句的空格常设连词（承上启下）。 第三步：精细验证——深度剖析“逻辑矿井” 对剩余难题，需进行更精细的上下文逻辑分析，像开掘矿井一样深入探查。 1. “三句一体”分析法：将解题视野扩大到包含空格句在内的至少三个句子。分析其逻辑推进：是“陈述-举例”、 “问题-原因-解决方案”还是“对比-转折”？ 2. 虚词解题核心心法： 遇介词/连词：问“此空前后是什么逻辑关系？”（因果？转折？时间？方式？）。先定性，再选词。 遇代词：执行“定位-匹配”程序：①向前（偶有向后）定位先行词；②匹配“性、数、格”；③检查指代是否清晰无歧义。 遇冠词：执行“特指四问”：①唯一吗？（the sun）②前文提过吗？③后有限定吗？（the book you bought）④双方心知肚明吗？若皆否，则用a/an或零冠词。 遇数词：明确上下文需要的是基数（量）、序数（序）还是不定量（few/little）。 第四步：终局审查——通读检验“逻辑贯通” 完成所有填空后，必须进行终极验证，确保逻辑网络的整体通畅。 1. 逻辑流朗读：将所有答案代入，以寻找逻辑关系为目的进行通读。重点感受每个连词、代词、冠词是否使行文流畅、指代清晰、界定明确。任何需要停顿回味或产生歧义的地方，都可能存在问题。 2. 一致性最终检查： 指代一致性：检查所有代词是否都有明确且唯一的先行词，全文指代是否一致（避免前面用he，后面突然用this person）。 逻辑一致性：检查由连词和介词构建的逻辑关系网在全文是否自洽，有无矛盾。 特指一致性：检查同一名词在文中再次出现时，冠词的使用是否符合其特指状态的变化。 考点二 解题要点 一、介词 & 连词 一、解题核心 作为构建语篇逻辑关系的“枢纽”，其解题核心在于精准识别并匹配空格前后信息单元（词、短语或句子）之间所隐含的逻辑关系，并选择能唯一、准确表达此关系的语法功能词。 二、解题步骤 1. 析关系，定功能：脱离选项，深度分析空格前后内容的语义联系，判断其逻辑关系（如因果、转折、时间、方式、并列等），并确定此处需要连接词（连词）还是引入附加信息（介词）。 2. 选词语，配逻辑：根据上一步判断出的具体逻辑关系，从语法的角度筛选能够承担此功能的词语（例如，表“原因”的连词because/since或介词短语because of/due to）。 3. 验衔接，保通畅：将所选词代入，通读空格所在句及相邻句子，检验其是否使逻辑链条最清晰、语义衔接最流畅。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项/陷阱 逻辑先行原则 答案的选择首要取决于语境逻辑，而非词语的固定印象。 坚持“先判关系，后选词”。遇到空格，第一反应是问：“这里前后是什么逻辑关系？” 逻辑误判：未理解文意，将转折误判为因果，或将目的误判为结果。 功能区分原则 连词连接分句（有完整主谓），介词后接名词性成分（名词、代词、动名词）。 分析空格后紧跟的语法单位。是完整句子（含主语动词）吗？是则优先考虑连词；否则考虑介词。 词性混淆：误用because（连词）后接名词，或误用despite（介词）后接完整句子。 搭配语境化原则 固定搭配的使用需服从此处的具体语境，不可生搬硬套。 即使认出not only... but also...结构，也需验证填入but also后，其连接的两部分在语义和形式上是否真正构成递进。 搭配错位：机械套用搭配，而忽略其在当前语境下是否合理、自然。 【典例1-1】 before because but after so by Last Saturday, our community held a clean-up event. I didn't want to join at first, __1___ I thought it would be boring. My mom encouraged me to go, saying it was important to do something for our neighborhood ___2__ the event started. ___3__ I arrived, I was given a pair of gloves and a trash bag. The work was harder than I expected, __4___ everyone was working together with a smile. I saw an old man picking up litter carefully __5___ hand. Soon, I found myself enjoying the teamwork, __6___ I decided to join the next event as well. 【答案】 1.because 2. before 3. After 4. but 5. by 6. so 【解析】1.because解析：空格前后句构成“我不想去”和“我认为这很无聊”之间的原因解释关系。后句是前句的原因，故用表示原因的连词 because（因为）。解题线索：逻辑判断。问自己：“我为什么不想去？” 因为“我觉得无聊”。 2.before解析：空格位于“做点事”和“活动开始”之间。根据句意“在活动开始之前为社区做点事”，需要表示“在…之前”的介词 before。解题线索：时间顺序判断。started（开始）是明确的动作时间点，“做某事”应发生在此时间点之前。 3.After解析：空格位于句首，连接两个分句“我到达”和“我被分发工具”。根据事件发展逻辑，先“到达”，然后“被分发”，故需要表示“在…之后”的词 After。解题线索：时间顺序与句子结构。句首大写，引导时间状语从句，描述后续动作发生的时间背景。 4.but解析：空格前后两个分句“工作比预期难”和“每个人都在微笑合作”在语义上构成对比转折。虽然难，但是大家很开心，故用表转折的并列连词 but（但是）。解题线索：逻辑判断。前后分句情感或评价相反，形成对比。 5. by解析：by hand 是一个固定介词短语，意为“用手，亲手”。这里描述“用手仔细捡垃圾”的方式。解题线索：固定搭配。by hand（手工，亲手）是常用表达。 6.so解析：空格前后句构成“我享受团队合作”和“我决定下次还参加”之间的因果导致关系。前因后果，故用表示结果的连词 so（所以，于是）。解题线索：逻辑判断。问自己：“为什么我决定下次还参加？” 因为“我享受其中”。 【迁移运用1-1】 if until with however since and Learning a new skill, like playing the guitar, takes time and patience. You need to practice regularly __1___ you want to see progress. It might feel difficult at the very beginning, ___2__ your fingers will hurt. Don’t give up! Keep practicing ___3__ you can play a simple song smoothly. ___4__ the help of a good teacher or online tutorials, the journey can be easier. Remember, everyone starts as a beginner. It has been three months ___5__ I first picked up the guitar, ___6__ I am now able to play a few songs for my family. The feeling of achievement is wonderful. 【答案】1.if 2.and 3.until 4.With 5.since 6.and / however 【解析】1. if解析：空格后的“你想看到进步”是空格前“你需要定期练习”的条件。句意为“如果你想看到进步，你就需要…”。if 引导条件状语从句。 2.and 解析：空格连接“感觉很难”和“手指会疼”两个情况。这两个情况在语义上是并列或顺承的，都是初学者可能遇到的困难，并无强烈转折，因此用 and（而且）连接。 3.until解析：空格后的“你能流畅弹奏一首简单的歌曲”是前面“持续练习”这个动作的终点时间。句意为“坚持练习，直到你能…为止”。until 引导时间状语从句。 4.With解析：With the help of... 是一个固定介词短语，意为“在…的帮助下”。句首字母需大写。 5.since解析：主句“已经三个月了”是现在完成时态（has been），空格后“我第一次拿起吉他”是过去的起点。since 意为“自从…以来”，完美连接此时间关系。 6.and解析：此处连接“已经三个月了”和“我现在能弹几首歌”两个分句。后者是前者（持续练习一段时间）自然带来的结果，用 and（于是，所以）连接非常顺畅。虽然此处填入 however（然而）在语法上可能成立，表示“虽然才三个月，但已经会弹了”，但会与上文“不要放弃，持续练习”的积极鼓励基调产生轻微冲突，且不如 and 表达的结果关系普遍和自然。 二、代词 一、解题核心 作为实现语篇衔接与简洁的“指代锚点”，其解题核心在于在上下文中建立清晰、无误的指代关系，确保代词与所指代的先行词在性、数、格上绝对一致，且指代明确无歧义。 二、解题步骤 1. 定指向，寻先行：以空格为起点，向前（绝大多数情况）或向后搜索，定位其所指代的具体对象（名词、名词短语或整个概念）。 2. 审一致，对三性：确认先行词后，严格核对并匹配代词的性（男he/女she/物it）、数（单数it/he/复数they）、格（主格I作主语/宾格me作宾语/所有格my表所属）。 3. 辨不定，依语境：若为不定代词（some, any, all, another等），则需依据上下文的肯定、否定、疑问语气及数量范围进行筛选。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项/陷阱 指代明确原则 代词必须有且只有一个明确的先行词，指代关系不容模糊。 填入代词后，检查读者是否能毫不费力地回溯到唯一的指代对象。 指代模糊：当存在两个或多个可能的先行词时，代词指代不清，造成歧义。 三位一体原则 代词必须与先行词在性、数、格三个维度上保持完全一致。 执行“三查”：一查性别/事物，二查单复数，三查成分（主语、宾语、定语）。 一致性错误：如用it指代前文的people（数不一致），或用I作for的宾语（格不一致，应为me）。 语境限定原则 不定代词的选择完全由上下文的语义场（肯定/否定/疑问）和数量场（两者/三者以上）决定。 根据句子隐含的“语气”和“范围”做选择。如疑问句/否定句中通常用any，两者中“另一个”用the other。 不定词误选：在疑问句中误用some，或混淆another（三者以上）与the other（两者中）。 【典例2-1】 I we he she they it Last week, our teacher asked __1___ to work in groups. In my group, there was a girl named Lucy. ___2__ was very good at drawing. Tom and I decided that ___3__ would do the research. We divided the work all by _____. When Lucy finished __4___ beautiful poster, we all praised ___5__ work. Finally, ____6_ presentation was a great success! 【答案】 1. us 2.She 3.we 4.ourselves 5.her 6.our 【解析】1.us解析：空格位于动词 asked 之后，作宾语。ask sb. to do sth. 意为“要求某人做某事”。主语是 our teacher，要求“我们”，因此需要代词 we 的宾格形式 us。 2. She解析：空格位于句首作主语，指代前一句提到的女孩“Lucy”。因此，需要用主格代词 She，且句首字母大写。 3. we 解析：空格在宾语从句中作主语，指代主句中提到的“Tom and I”（汤姆和我），即“我们”。因此，用主格代词 we。 4. ourselves解析：by oneself 是固定短语，意为“靠某人自己”。根据主语 We，这里表示“我们靠自己”，因此需要用 we 对应的反身代词 ourselves。 5. her解析：空格位于名词 poster 之前，需要物主代词表示所属关系，意为“她的海报”。指代 Lucy，因此用 her。 6. our解析：空格位于名词 presentation 之前，需要物主代词表示所属关系，意为“我们的展示”。指代包括说话者在内的整个小组，因此用 our。 【迁移运用2-1】 it she he we they The school soccer team faced a big match last Saturday. Before the game, our captain, Mike, told __1___, “Believe in __2___!” ___3__ words filled us with confidence. Sarah, our best defender, had twisted __4___ ankle but insisted on playing. During the match, ___5__ passed the ball skillfully even in pain. In the final minute, __6___ worked as one unit and scored the winning goal! The trophy now sits in the school hall, and ___7__ shine makes everyone proud. 【答案】1. us 2. ourselves 3.His 4.her 5.she 6.they 7.its 【解析】1.us解析：空格位于动词 told 之后，是双宾语结构中的间接宾语（告诉谁）。动作对象是“我们”整个球队，因此需用 we 的宾格形式 us。 2. ourselves解析：believe in oneself 是固定短语，意为“相信自己”。根据主语和上下文“我们”，这里需要用 we 对应的反身代词 ourselves。 3. His解析：空格位于名词 words 之前，需要表示所属关系的物主代词。话是“Mike”（男性，队长）说的，因此用 he 的所有格形式 His（句首字母大写）。 4. her 解析：空格位于名词 ankle 之前，需要物主代词。扭伤的是“Sarah”（女性）的脚踝，因此用 she 的所有格形式 her。 5. she解析：空格在句中作主语，指代前文带伤上阵的“Sarah”（女性），因此用主格 she。 6. they解析：空格在句中作主语，指代前文提到的“球队”（the school soccer team），作为一个整体，视为复数，因此用 they。 7.its解析：空格位于名词 shine 之前，需要物主代词表示所属。光芒是属于“奖杯（trophy）”（物品）的，因此用 it 的所有格形式 its。 三、冠词&数词 一、解题核心 作为界定名词信息状态的“尺度”，其解题核心在于精确判断名词在特定语境中的特指性与量化信息，从而选择正确的冠词（定冠词the、不定冠词a/an、零冠词）或数词（基数词、序数词、不定量词）。 二、解题步骤 1. 判名词，析角色：识别空格后（或空格处）的核心名词，分析其在句子及上下文中的具体角色和信息状态。 2. 断特指，选冠词：运用“特指性四问法”判断：①是否唯一？②是否前文已提？③是否后文有限定？④是否双方共知？若满足任一“是”，用the；若为首次引入的单个可数名词，用a/an；抽象、物质或复数名词表泛指时，考虑零冠词。 3. 明数量，定数词：根据语境需要，区分是表达具体数量（基数词）、先后顺序（序数词前常加the），还是模糊数量（few/a few, little/a little）。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项/陷阱 特指决定原则 冠词a/an与the的根本区别在于名词的“特指性”，而非“第几次出现”。 坚持用“四问法”进行逻辑判断，而非机械记忆“第一次用a，第二次用the”。 冠词误用：在带有后置定语（如of...）明确特指的名词前漏用the，或在表泛指的复数名词或不可数名词前误加a/an或the。 数词功能原则 基数词、序数词与不定量词有截然不同的语法功能和表意侧重，不可互换。 明确空格处需要表达的是基数（多少）、序数（第几）还是不定量（一些/很少）。 数词混淆：混淆few（可数，否定含义）与little（不可数，否定含义）；或混淆another（“再一，另一”）与other（“其他的”）。 形式匹配原则 数词的形式（如序数词-th结尾）及与冠词的搭配（the first）需准确无误。 注意序数词前通常加the；a second则意为“又一，再一”。检查hundred/thousand等确数时不加s。 形式错误：在确数后错误使用hundreds of结构；或在序数词前漏掉定冠词the。 【典例3-1】 a an the first two one Last weekend, I tried baking ___1__ cake with my sister. It was our ___2__ time doing this. The recipe said we needed ___3__ eggs. ___4__ first step was to break them into a bowl. After mixing everything, we put the mixture into ___5__ oven. About an hour later, we had made __6___ delicious cake! We were so proud of ourselves. 【答案】 1. a 2. first 3. two 4. The 5. the 6.one 【解析】1.a解析：空格后是单数可数名词 cake，意为“一个蛋糕”。这是文中首次提及，且非特指，因此用不定冠词。由于cake以辅音音素开头，故用 a。 2.first解析：the first time 是固定短语，意为“第一次”。此处序数词first前有物主代词our，共同构成“我们的第一次”。 3.two解析：空格后是复数名词 eggs。根据句意，食谱指明了需要鸡蛋的具体数量，因此填入基数词 two（两个）。 4.The解析：first 作为序数词，前面通常需要加定冠词 the，表示“第一个”步骤。The first step 特指制作过程中的“第一步”。 5. the 解析：这里的 oven（烤箱）是对话双方（作者与读者）都知道的、进行烘焙时必然使用的那个特定工具，属于“双方共知”的特指，因此用 the。 6. one解析：空格位于形容词delicious和名词cake之间，需要填入一个词来修饰cake。此处one作为不定代词，代替了“a cake”，避免了重复，强调结果是“一个”完整的蛋糕，意为“一个美味的蛋糕”。 【迁移运用3-1】 a the ten two hundred one Our school is preparing for __1___ big celebration — its __2___ anniversary! There will be ___3__ main events: an art show and ___4__ concert. We’ve collected nearly one __5___ photos and stories from past decades for a special exhibition. The opening ceremony will be ___6__ most exciting moment for all of us. 【答案】 1. a 2.tenth 3.two 4.a 5.hundred 6.the 【解析】1.a解析：空格后是单数可数名词 celebration，意为“一个庆祝活动”。这是文中首次提及，且非特指，因此用不定冠词 a。 2.tenth 解析：空格后是名词 anniversary（周年纪念）。根据句意“它的…周年纪念”，这里需要表示顺序的序数词。tenth anniversary 意为“十周年纪念”。 3. two解析：空格后是复数名词 events（活动）。冒号（:）后列举了“艺术展”和“音乐会”两项活动，因此需要填入基数词 two。 4.a 解析：空格后是单数可数名词 concert（音乐会）。这是文中首次具体提及这场音乐会，且非特指，因此用不定冠词 a。 5. hundred解析：one hundred 是确数表达，意为“一百”。hundred 前面有确数词 one，因此用单数形式，后接复数名词 photos。 6.the解析：空格后是形容词最高级 most exciting。在形容词或副词最高级前，通常需要使用定冠词 the。 Passage 1 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。   that  where  city  ride  but  what  she  why  to  teach   Li Chutao,50, is the head teacher of a primary school in the village of Lijiagou, Shandong Province. He has dedicated (献出) nearly thirty years of his life to changing the lives of the rural children through education. Li finished college in 1997. That year, Li had a chance to teach in the city, 1 he gave it up. He chose to return to the village Lijagou 2 he grew up and worked as a teacher at the village’s primary school. In the past, it was not easy to get around in the village, but Li kept making home visits. He bought a motorcycle and 3 over 15 km at night to visit students’ homes after a day of teaching. He has always believed that the road to students’ homes is the way 4 their hearts. At the beginning of one fall term, a student named Zhang Ling dropped out. Li set out to her home right away. To his surprise, 5 parents refused to meet him. However, Li didn’t give up and visited the family again and again until Zhang Ling’s mother agreed 6 Zhang Ling could return to her studies. Besides, Li tries to help the rural children learn about the newest development of the world. He uses many new ways in his 7 . Through his hard work, the small school now has lessons like robotics and creative arts. Some works of his students have even been shown in big 8 like Beijing, Shanghai and so on. “I feel very happy because I love 9 I do,” Li explained when people asked him 10 he had stayed in the village all these years. “To me, it is not hardship but happiness.” 【答案】 1．but 2．where 3．rode 4．to 5．her 6．that 7．teaching 8．cities 9．what 10．why 【导语】本文讲述了山东李家沟村小学校长李初涛扎根乡村教育近三十年，放弃城市任教机会、骑车家访、帮助辍学学生返校、创新教学方式的事迹，展现了他对乡村教育的坚守与热爱。 1．句意：那一年，李初涛有机会在城市教书，却放弃了这个机会。根据“Li had a chance to teach in the city”和“he gave it up”可知，二者为转折关系。备选词“but”符合语境，意为“但是；却”，故填but。 2．句意：他选择回到自己长大的李家沟村，在村里的小学当一名老师。根据句子结构，此处为定语从句，先行词是“the village Lijiagou”，指地点，从句中缺地点状语。备选词“where”符合语境，引导定语从句，故填where。 3．句意：他买了一辆摩托车，在一天的教学结束后，晚上骑行15多公里去家访。根据“bought a motorcycle”和“15 km”可知，此处指“骑车”，且and连接并列谓语，时态与bought一致，为一般过去时。备选词“ride”符合语境，需变为过去式rode，故填rode。 4．句意：他一直认为，通往学生家的路，就是通往学生心里的路。根据“the road to students’ homes”可知，此处为并列结构，“the way to...”为固定搭配，意为“通往……的路”。故填to。 5．句意：令他惊讶的是，她的父母拒绝见他。根据“a student named Zhang Ling”可知，此处指代张玲，空后有名词“parents”，需用形容词性物主代词修饰。备选词“she”符合语境，需变为her，意为“她的”，故填her。 6．句意：然而，李初涛没有放弃，一次次登门拜访，直到张玲的母亲同意张玲可以返校读书。根据句子结构，此处为宾语从句，从句“Zhang Ling could return to her studies”成分完整、语义明确，需用连接词引导。备选词“that”符合语境，无实义，只起连接作用，故填that。 7．句意：他在自己的教学中运用了许多新方法。根据“Li tries to help the rural children learn about the newest development of the world”可知，此处指在“教学”中创新方法，形容词性物主代词his后需接名词。备选词“teach”符合语境，需变为动名词teaching，意为“教学”，故填teaching。 8．句意：他学生的一些作品甚至在北上广等大城市展出。根据“like Beijing, Shanghai and so on”可知，此处指多个“城市”，需用复数形式。备选词“city”符合语境，复数形式为cities，故填cities。 9．句意：当人们问起他这些年为何坚守乡村时，李初涛解释道：“我很开心，因为我热爱我所做的事。” 根据句子结构，此处为宾语从句，从句中缺do的宾语，表示“做的事情”。备选词“what”符合语境，指代“所做的事”，故填what。 10．句意：当人们问起他这些年为何坚守乡村时，李初涛解释道：“我很开心，因为我热爱我所做的事。” 根据后文李初涛的回答是解释坚守乡村的原因，可知此处指人们问他“为什么”留在村里。备选词“why”符合语境，故填why。 Passage 2 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 the  feel  goal  I  use  high  when  reach  without  worth 48-year-old He Jing from Xi’an, Shaanxi has become the first person from China and the third woman in the world to climb all 14 of the world’s mountains over 8,000 meters without the use of oxygen (氧气). He Jing started mountain climbing 1 she was eighteen in 1996. Her first climb was in the Qinling Mountains and she showed great interest in 2 sport. Suffering from (遭受) the great pain of her grandma’s death in 2012, He Jing tried to climb a mountain over 5,000 meters for the first time—one that is much 3 than those she had climbed before. The experience makes her 4 peaceful in her mind. Since then, He Jing has climbed many high mountains. She reached the top of her first 8,000-meter mountain, Mount Cho Oyu, in 2016. Only one bottle of oxygen 5 during that climb. Later He Jing decided to challenge future climbs 6 oxygen. To prepare for it, she trained very hard. Her first successful try came on September 25, 2017 in Nepal. “When climbing, I kept telling 7 not to fall asleep, as I might never wake up again,” she said. On May 14, 2022, He Jing became the first Chinese woman 8 the top of Mount Qomolangma from the south side without using bottled oxygen. How amazing she was! For us, her spirit is always 9 learning from. “I didn’t set many 10 for myself,” He Jing said. “I simply love to realize my dream, one step at a time.” 【答案】 1．when 2．the 3．higher 4．feel 5．was used 6．without 7．myself 8．to reach 9．worth 10．goals 【导语】本文主要讲述了来自陕西西安的何静成为中国首位、世界第三位无氧登顶全球所有14座8000米以上高峰的女性的励志故事。 1．句意：何静在1996年她18岁时开始登山。根据“He Jing started mountain climbing…she was eighteen in 1996.”可知，何静在1996年她18岁时开始登山。此处是一个时间状语从句，表示“当她18岁的时候”。when意为“什么时候”，作连词引导时间状语从句，符合语境。故填when。 2．句意：她的第一次攀登是在秦岭，并且对这项运动表现出了极大的兴趣。根据“…she showed great interest in ... sport.”可知，她对这项运动表现出了极大的兴趣。这里的“sport”特指前文提到的攀登，表示特指。the意为“这个”，定冠词表特指，符合语境。故填the。 3．句意：2012年，遭受祖母离世的巨大悲痛后，何静第一次尝试攀登一座 5000 米以上的山峰——这座山峰比她之前爬过的所有山峰都要高得多。根据“…one that is much…than those she had climbed before.”可知，此处将她这次攀登的山与以前爬过的山进行比较，“than”是比较级的标志词。high意为“高的”，形容词，此处应用比较级higher表示“更高的”。故填higher。 4．句意：这段经历让她的内心感到平静。根据“The experience makes her…peaceful in her mind.”可知，这次经历让她内心感到平静。make sb. do sth.是固定用法，意为“使某人做某事”；且peaceful是形容词，前需系动词。feel意为“感觉”，系动词，符合语境。故填feel。 5．句意：那次攀登中只使用了一瓶氧气。根据“Only one bottle of oxygen…during that climb.”可知，何静在那次攀登中只用了一瓶氧气。主语“oxygen”和谓语动词“use”之间是被动关系，表示氧气被使用。且事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。use意为“使用”，其过去分词为used，be动词用was。故填was used。 6．句意：后来，何静决定在未来的攀登中挑战不使用氧气。根据“Later He Jing decided to challenge future climbs…oxygen.”以及前文提到的她无氧攀登的壮举可知，她决定在没有氧气的情况下挑战未来的攀登。without意为“没有”，符合语境。故填without。 7．句意：“攀登的时候，我一直告诉自己不要睡着，因为我可能再也醒不过来了，” 她说道。根据“When climbing, I kept telling…not to fall asleep”可知，作者在攀登时一直告诉自己不要睡着。主语是I，宾语是自己，此处应用反身代词。I意为“我”，主格代词，其反身代词myself意为“我自己”，符合语境。故填myself。 8．句意：2022年5月14日，何静成为了首位不使用瓶装氧气便从南坡登顶珠穆朗玛峰的中国女性。根据“He Jing became the first Chinese woman…the top of Mount Qomolangma…”可知，He Jing成为了第一位从南坡无氧登顶珠穆朗玛峰的中国女性。“the+序数词+名词+to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“第一个做某事的人”。reach意为“到达”，动词，此处应用不定式to reach作后置定语。故填to reach。 9．句意：对我们来说，她的精神永远值得我们学习。根据“For us, her spirit is always…learning from.”可知，对于我们来说，她的精神总是值得学习的。be worth doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“某事值得做”。worth意为“值得的”，符合语境。故填worth。 10．句意：“我没有为自己设定太多目标，” 何静说，“我只是喜欢一步一步地实现自己的梦想。” 根据“I didn’t set many…for myself,”可知，何静没有给自己设定很多目标。many修饰可数名词复数。goal意为“目标”，名词，其复数形式为goals。故填goals。 Passage 3 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 begin    choose   educate    write    pride     regret      support     thanks to       look at     look back on I still remember my kindergarten (幼儿园) teacher, Mrs. White. She looked just like Snow White, because they had the same bright eyes and dark hair. We used 1 a lot. And I would show what I wrote to Mrs. White for correction (批改). She would 2 my writing and see many mistakes in it. But she never made any red corrections and she always gave a star. I was feeling 3 of my writing each time I got a star. But it worried my mother when she found I spelt the words badly. So one day, when Mom met Mrs. White at a parent-teacher meeting , she angrily asked her why she never corrected my mistakes . Mrs. White said, “The children are just 4 to get excited about using words. The 5 of spelling and grammar can wait. But we can’t stop their interest with a red pen.” My mother understood Mrs. White and she 6 talking to her in an awful manner. And all the parents 7 Mrs. White’s teaching way. Finally, all my classmates managed to learn to use words with loving care and confidence like that. If Mrs. White made the same 8 as most teachers-to use her red pen more often, I probably wouldn’t be telling you about this now. Whenever I 9 those encouraging stars from Mrs. White, I feel they just look like real shiny stars in the night sky. She was such a wonderful teacher, who tried to use a red pen less to keep the joy , wonder and excitement in a child’s mind . 10 Mrs. White, I have no fear of writing. Also, I’m not afraid of any mistakes in my life! 【答案】 1．to write 2．look at 3．proud 4．beginning 5．education 6．regretted 7．supported 8．choice 9．look back on 10．Thanks to 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者回忆幼儿园老师怀特夫人独特的教学方式，她很少用红笔批改错误，而是以鼓励的方式保护孩子们对写作的兴趣，这份鼓励对作者影响深远。 1．句意：我们过去常常写很多东西。根据“We used...”和备选词汇可知，此处考查used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，需用动词不定式形式，write符合语境。故填to write。 2．句意：她会查看我的作业，发现里面有很多错误。根据“my writing and see many mistakes in it”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“查看”，look at符合语境，would后用动词原形。故填look at。 3．句意：每次得到星星，我都为自己的写作感到自豪。根据“each time I got a star”和备选词汇可知，此处考查固定搭配feel proud of“为……感到自豪”，需用形容词形式，pride的形容词是proud，符合语境。故填proud。 4．句意：孩子们才刚刚开始对使用文字感到兴奋。根据“The children are just...”和备选词汇可知，此处考查现在进行时be doing结构，begin的现在分词是beginning，符合语境。故填beginning。 5．句意：拼写和语法的学习可以等等。根据“of spelling and grammar”和备选词汇可知，此处需用名词形式，educate的名词是education，表“拼写和语法知识的传授与学习”，符合语境。故填education。 6．句意：我妈妈理解了怀特夫人，她后悔用糟糕的态度和她说话。根据“talking to her in an awful manner”和备选词汇可知，文章叙述过去的事，用一般过去时，regret的过去式是regretted，符合语境。故填regretted。 7．句意：所有家长都支持怀特夫人的教学方式。根据“Mrs. White’s teaching way”和备选词汇可知，文章叙述过去的事，用一般过去时，support的过去式是supported，符合语境。故填supported。 8．句意：如果怀特夫人和大多数老师做出同样的选择——更频繁地使用红笔，我现在可能就不会告诉你这些了。根据“made the same...”和备选词汇可知，此处考查make a choice“做出选择”，需用名词形式，choose的名词是choice，符合语境。故填choice。 9．句意：每当我回忆起怀特夫人那些鼓励人心的星星，我就觉得它们就像夜空中真正闪亮的星星。根据“those encouraging stars from Mrs. White”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“回忆”，look back on符合语境，句子描述客观感受，用一般现在时，主语I后用动词原形。故填look back on。 10．句意：多亏了怀特夫人，我不再害怕写作了。根据“I have no fear of writing”和备选词汇可知，此处需表示“多亏”，thanks to符合语境，句首首字母需大写。故填Thanks to。 Passage 4 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 make  music  he  song know  nation   be     unlucky  deep  father Do you know any famous Chinese folk music that’s played on Chinese musical instruments? Abing is famous as a great Chinese folk 1 . Among all his pieces of music, Erquan Yingyue 2 the most famous and moving one. After looking up the history of Erquan Yingyue, I understood the sadness in the music. When Abing was a little boy, his mother died. Abing’s father taught him to play many musical instruments. When he was 17 years old, Abing was 3 for his musical ability. However, his 4 death made Abing’s life worse. He was very poor. And 5 , Abing developed a serious illness and became blind. But he continued to sing and play on the streets to 6 money. That was why his music was so sad and painful. Abing’s amazing musical skills made 7 very popular during his lifetime. By the end of his life, he could play more than 600 pieces. Many of them were written by Abing himself. Although only six 8 were recorded for the future world to hear, his popularity comes to this day. Today, Abing’s Erquan Yingyue has become one of the 9 treasures of China. Its sad beauty not only tells Abing’s life, but also makes people think about the 10 wounds they have experienced in the past. 【答案】 1．musician 2．is 3．known 4．father’s 5．unluckily 6．make 7．him 8．songs 9．national 10．deepest 【导语】本文以阿炳的人生经历为线索，讲述了其坎坷的一生与音乐创作的关联。 1．句意：阿炳作为一位伟大的中国民间音乐家而闻名。根据“Abing is famous as a great Chinese folk...”结合备选词汇可知，be famous as“作为……闻名”，后接身份/职业，a后接单数可数名词，music的职业名词为musician。故填musician。 2．句意：在他所有的乐曲中，《二泉映月》是最著名、最动人的那一首。根据“Among all his pieces of music, Erquan Yingyue...the most famous and moving one.”结合备选词汇可知，主语是单数，谓语动词用单数；本文是客观介绍阿炳和其音乐，用一般现在时，be动词用is。故填is。 3．句意：17岁时，阿炳就因其音乐才能而闻名。根据“Abing was...for his musical ability.”结合备选词汇可知，此处是指阿炳因为音乐能力而出名，be known for“因……而闻名”。故填known。 4．句意：然而，他父亲的离世让阿炳的生活变得更加糟糕。根据“his...death made Abing’s life worse.”结合备选词汇可知，此处指阿炳父亲的死亡，名词所有格表所属关系，后接名词，此处指他父亲的离世。故填father’s。 5．句意：更不幸的是，阿炳患上了重病，双目失明了。根据“And...Abing developed a serious illness and became blind.”结合备选词汇可知，副词作状语修饰整个句子，此处表示不幸的是，unlucky的副词为unluckily。故填unluckily。 6．句意：但他仍继续在街头演唱、演奏来赚钱。根据“But he continued to sing and play on the streets to...money.”结合备选词汇可知，此处是指阿炳靠街头卖艺挣钱，make money“赚钱”，已有不定式符号to，此处用动词原形。故填make。 7．句意：阿炳精湛的音乐技艺让他在有生之年声名远扬。根据“Abing’s amazing musical skills made...very popular during his lifetime.”结合备选词汇可知，此处指阿炳的音乐让他出名，动词后接人称代词宾格作宾语，此处指代阿炳。故填him。 8．句意：尽管只有六首乐曲被录制下来流传后世，但他的盛名一直延续至今。根据“Although only six...were recorded for the future world to hear”结合备选词汇可知，数词大于1后接可数名词复数，此处指六首歌曲，song的复数为songs。故填songs。 9．句意：如今，阿炳的《二泉映月》已成为中国的国宝之一。根据“Abing’s Erquan Yingyue has become one of the...treasures of China.”结合备选词汇可知，此处指二泉映月成为中的国宝之一，形容词修饰名词，作定语，national treasures“国宝”。故填national。 10．句意：它那带着悲伤的美，不仅诉说着阿炳的一生，也让人们想起自己过往经历的那些最深的创伤。根据“but also makes people think about the...wounds they have experienced in the past.”结合备选词汇可知，此处指最深的创伤，根据定冠词the，可知，此处应用形容词最高级，deep的最高级为the deepest。故填deepest。 Passage 5 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。     although,  country,  return,  suppose,  for,  I,  as,  work,  dream,  happy Yang Zhenning, who is known 1 a world-famous physicist and Nobel Prize winner, passed away on October 18, 2025, in Beijing. He made great contributions to both global science and China’s development. Born in Hefei, Anhui in 1922, Yang showed great talent in science from an early age. Growing up in a time when China was weak, he realized that he was 2 to use his knowledge to help his 3 . In 1945, he went to the United States to study physics. “Since then, he has 4 of bridging the gap between Chinese and Western science,” said a student. However, at that time, cultural and political differences made his path difficult. By 5 very hard, Yang made breakthroughs in particle physics and won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957. This achievement brought great 6 to Chinese people around the world. 7 he lived abroad for many years, he never forgot his motherland. In his later years, he 8 to China and worked to improve China’s scientific education. Yang once said, “I am just doing 9 duty to connect China with the world of science.” Now, his story is 10 to young people to encourage them to pursue their scientific dreams for the country. 【答案】 1．as 2．supposed 3．country 4．dreamed 5．working 6．happiness 7．Although 8．returned 9．my 10．told 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界著名物理学家、诺贝尔奖得主杨振宁先生的生平事迹、科学贡献以及他对中国科学事业发展的深厚情感与付出。 1．句意：杨振宁，作为世界著名物理学家和诺贝尔奖得主，于2025年10月18日在北京逝世。根据“Yang Zhenning, who is known ... a world-famous physicist and Nobel Prize winner”可知，“be known as”意为“作为……而闻名”，固定搭配。因此用as“作为”。故填as。 2．句意：成长于中国积贫积弱的年代，他意识到自己理应运用知识报效祖国。根据“he realized that he was ... to use his knowledge to help his...”可知，“be supposed to do sth.”意为“应该做某事”。因此用supposed“应该的”。故填supposed。 3．句意：成长于中国积贫积弱的年代，他意识到自己理应运用知识报效祖国。根据“his”可知，空处缺少名词，因此用country“国家”。故填country。 4．句意：从那时起，他就梦想着缩小中西方科学之间的差距。根据“Since then, he has ... of bridging the gap between Chinese and Western science.”可知，“dream of doing sth.”意为“梦想做某事”，固定搭配，本句时态为现在完成时，动词需用过去分词形式。因此用dreamed“梦想”。故填dreamed。 5．句意：通过非常努力地工作，杨振宁在粒子物理学方面取得了突破，并于1957年获得诺贝尔物理学奖。根据“By ... very hard”可知，介词“by”后接动词-ing形式，因此用working“工作”。故填working。 6．句意：这一成就给全世界的中国人带来了巨大的幸福感。根据“This achievement brought great ... to Chinese people around the world.”可知，空处缺少名词，因此用happiness“幸福”。故填happiness。 7．句意：虽然他在国外生活多年，但他从未忘记祖国。根据“...he lived abroad for many years, he never forgot his motherland.”可知，两个分句之间存在让步关系，因此用although“虽然”，首字母需大写。故填Although。 8．句意：晚年，他回到中国，致力于推动中国的科学教育事业。根据“In his later years, he ... to China and worked to improve China’s scientific education.”可知，空处缺少动词，句子的时态为一般过去时，动词需用过去式。因此用returned“返回”。故填returned。 9．句意：我只是在尽自己的责任，将中国与世界科学连接起来。根据“I am just doing ... duty to connect China with the world of science.”可知，“do one’s duty”意为“尽某人的职责”，固定搭配。因此用my“我的”。故填my。 10．句意：如今，他的故事被讲述给年轻人，以鼓励他们为国家的科学梦想而奋斗。根据“Now, his story is ... to young people to encourage them to pursue their scientific dreams for the country.”可知，杨振宁的故事被讲述给年轻人，主语与动词之间为被动关系，因此用told“讲述”。故填told。 Passage 6 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 sale  realize  harmful  traded  groups  strongest  slowly   Save the Sharks! Many have heard of shark fin soup. But do you 1 that you’re killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup? When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean. This is not only cruel, but also 2 to the environment. Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and 3 dies. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the 4 in their food chain. But in fact, around 70 million sharks are caught and 5 in this industry every year. The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years. Environmental protection 6 around the world, such as Wild Aid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”. They have even asked governments to develop laws to stop the 7 of shark fins. So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them? Help save the sharks! 【答案】1．realize 2．harmful 3．slowly 4．strongest 5．traded 6．groups 7．sale 【导语】本文主要讲述了鲨鱼鳍的捕捞对鲨鱼和海洋生态系统的危害，以及环保组织为保护鲨鱼所做的努力。 1．句意：但你是否意识到，每次享用一碗鱼翅汤时，你都在杀死一整条鲨鱼？根据“that you’re killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup?”及备选词可知，此处是指是否意识到这一情况，助动词do后跟动词原形realize“意识到”。故填realize。 2．句意：这不仅残忍，而且对环境有害。根据“When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean”及备选词可知，是指对环境有害，be harmful to“对……有害”。故填harmful。 3．句意：没有鱼鳍，鲨鱼无法再游泳，会慢慢死去。根据“dies”及备选词可知，此处用副词slowly“慢慢地”，修饰动词，表示没有鱼鳍的鲨鱼会慢慢死去。故填slowly。 4．句意：许多人认为鲨鱼永远不会濒危，因为它们是食物链中最强大的。根据“they are the ... in their food chain.”及备选词可知，是指鲨鱼是食物链中最强大的，用形容词最高级strongest“最强大的”。故填strongest。 5．句意：但事实上，每年约有7000万条鲨鱼在这个行业中被捕获和交易。根据“are caught and ... in this industry”及备选词可知，是指鲨鱼在这个行业被捕获和交易，用过去分词traded“交易”，与are构成被动语态。故填traded。 6．句意：世界各地的环保组织，如野生救援协会和世界自然基金会，正在教育公众关于“割鳍”的行为。根据“such as Wild Aid and the WWF”可知，是指环保组织，用名词复数groups“组织”，作主语。故填groups。 7．句意：他们甚至要求政府制定法律来阻止鱼翅的销售。根据“develop laws to stop the ... of shark fins”及备选词可知，是指制定法律来阻止鱼翅的销售，the sale of“……的销售”。故填sale。 Passage 7 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 brush    what  be  they  something  comfortable  because  use   with  invent There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put it in the bathroom. If we don’t use it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess 1 it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know 2 about its history? Before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people cleaned 3 teeth with some small tree branches (树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of tooth brushes 4 pig hair and bamboo. It might 5 the world’s earliest form of toothbrushes. As time went by, the form of toothbrushes changed. For example, people didn’t use pig hair to make toothbrushes 6 it was too hard (硬的). They began to use horse-tail hair which was much softer. Imagine that you travel back to hundreds of years ago and brush your teeth 7 . It sounds fantastic, doesn’t it? Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became popular among local people soon. The 8 of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very 9 in daily life. Today we get into the good habit of 10 teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it. 【答案】 1．what 2．anything 3．their 4．with 5．be 6．because 7．comfortably 8．invention 9．useful 10．brushing 【导语】本文介绍了牙刷的历史和功能。 1．句意：你能猜到它是什么吗？此处缺少疑问代词，引导宾语从句，询问“它是什么”。故填what。 2．句意：但你知道它的历史吗？表示“关于它的某些事情”，固定搭配“know something about”，此处是一般疑问句，因此用anything。故填anything。 3．句意：在牙刷出现之前，古代中国人用一些小树枝清洁牙齿。此处指代前文的“the ancient Chinese people”，用they的形容词性物主代词their表示“他们的牙齿”。故填their。 4．句意：大约800年前，人们用猪毛和竹子制作了一种牙刷。此处表示“用猪毛和竹子制成”，with“用，和”，符合句意。故填with。 5．句意：这可能是世界上最早的牙刷形式。情态动词might后接动词原形，might be“可能是”，表示“可能是最早的牙刷形式”。故填be。 6．句意：例如，人们不再使用猪毛制作牙刷，因为它太硬了。此处缺少连词，引导原因状语从句，解释“不用猪毛的原因是因为它太硬”。故填because。 7．句意：想象一下，你回到几百年前，舒舒服服地刷牙。 副词修饰动词“brush”，表示“舒适地刷牙”，comfortable副词是comfortably。故填comfortably。 8．句意：牙刷的发明虽然不如造纸术那样著名，但在日常生活中却非常重要。根据“The ... of toothbrushes”可知是指牙刷的发明。invention“发明”。故填invention。 9．句意：牙刷的发明虽然不如造纸术那样著名，但在日常生活中却非常有用。此处填形容词作表语，与“not as famous”形成对比，强调“在日常生活中很有用”，use的形容词useful“有用的”符合句意。故填useful。 10．句意：如今我们养成了刷牙的好习惯。动名词作介词“of”的宾语，此处表示“刷牙的习惯”，brush动名词是brushing。故填brushing。 Passage 8 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 clear  feel  memory  listen  experience  make  quiet  different  cry  use Last weekend, I found an old tape recorder in a box. It was very dusty and looked a little old. My dad said it hadn’t been 1 for years. I decided to clean it and see if it still worked. After cleaning, I connected it to the power. To my surprise, it started playing! The sound wasn’t very 2 , but I could hear a song. It was a slow, sad song about lost love. I didn’t know the singer, but the music made me 3 calm and thoughtful. My younger brother came into the room. After 4 to it for some minutes, he said, “This music is too sad. It 5 me want to leave the room.” He prefers loud and exciting music. I understood how he felt. Different types of music can bring 6 feelings to different people. Just then, our mom walked in. She stopped and listened. A big smile appeared on her face. “This song!” she said. “It was my favorite when I was your age. It doesn’t make me 7 . It brings back so many happy 8 with my friends.” This 9 taught me something important. Nothing is truly good or bad. Its effect depends on our personal experiences. That old tape recorder now sits in my room. Sometimes, I listen to it 10 and think about Mom’s stories. It’s a wonderful thing that connects our family. 【答案】 1．used 2．clear 3．feel 4．listening 5．makes 6．different 7．cry 8．memories 9．experience 10．quietly 【导语】本文讲述了作者发现一台旧录音机，播放出的歌曲让作者、弟弟和妈妈产生了不同感受，这次经历让作者明白事物的好坏取决于个人经历。 1．句意：我爸爸说它已经好几年没被用过了。根据“My dad said it hadn’t been…for years.”可知，此处是被动语态，需用use的过去分词used，表示“被使用”，符合“它已经好几年没被用过了”的语境。故填used。 2．句意：声音不是很清晰，但我能听到一首歌。根据“The sound wasn’t very…, but I could hear a song.”可知，此处需要形容词作表语，clear意为“清晰的”，符合“声音不是很清晰，但我能听到一首歌”的语境。故填clear。 3．句意：我不知道歌手是谁，但音乐让我感到平静和深思。根据“the music made me…calm and thoughtful.”可知，make sb. do sth.是固定用法，意为“让某人做某事”，feel意为“感到”，符合“音乐让我感到平静和深思”的语境。故填feel。 4．句意：听了大约几分钟之后，他说道：“这音乐太悲伤了”。根据“After…to it for some minutes.”可知，after是介词，后接动词的动名词形式，listen的动名词是listening，listen to意为“听”，符合“听了几分钟后”的语境。故填listening。 5．句意：这音乐太悲伤了，它让我想离开房间。根据“This music is too sad. It…me want to leave the room.”可知，主语It是第三人称单数，句子时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式makes，make sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，符合“它让我想离开房间”的语境。故填makes。 6．句意：不同类型的音乐能给不同的人带来不同的感受。根据“Different types of music can bring...feelings to different people.”可知，此处需要形容词修饰名词feelings，different意为“不同的”，符合“不同类型的音乐能给不同的人带来不同的感受”的语境。故填different。 7．句意：它不会让我哭。根据“It doesn’t make me…”可知，make sb. do sth.是固定用法，cry意为“哭”，符合“它不会让我哭”的语境。故填cry。 8．句意：它勾起了我和朋友们许多快乐的回忆。根据“It brings back so many happy…with my friends.”可知，many后接可数名词复数，memory的复数是memories，意为“回忆”，符合“它勾起了我和朋友们许多快乐的回忆”的语境。故填memories。 9．句意：这次经历教会了我一些重要的东西。根据“This…taught me something important.”可知，this后接可数名词单数，experience意为“经历”，符合“这次经历教会了我一些重要的东西”的语境。故填experience。 10．根据“Sometimes, I listen to it…and think about Mom’s stories.”可知，此处需要副词修饰动词listen，quietly意为“静静地”，符合“有时，我静静地听着，想着妈妈的故事”的语境。故填quietly。 Passage 9 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 achieve   they   give   pick   lucky     size   throw   big   while   who   Because of an illness in his childhood, Luan Qiping’s feet didn’t develop well. For over 60 years, he has been walking on feet of different 1 . In 2007, Luan met two amputee (被截肢者) friends. One of them wore a left shoe 2 the other wore only the right one. After learning they had the same shoe size, Luan got an idea. He could be a “matchmaker” for other amputees who share the same situation. Luan created a chat group named “One Shoe Bank” on QQ. People 3 need either a left or a right shoe can exchange their shoes through the group. As more and more people want to join, Luan’s chat groups have become much 4 . Now it includes over 5,000 members. Once, Luan knew that shoe factories just 5 unwanted shoes into landfills (垃圾处理场). Luan decided 6 up some comfortable ones in those factories and send them to people who need them. It was not an easy job. 7 , lots of volunteers gave a helping hand. With their help, 60,000 single shoes 8 out by “One Shoe Bank” throughout China. For Luan, the bank has become a career (职业). He says helping disabled people gives him a sense of 9 . “People all have 10 own goals in life. I just want to do something valuable,” said Luan. “The journey has been very difficult, but in the end worthwhile.” 【答案】 1．sizes 2．while 3．who 4．bigger 5．threw 6．to pick 7．Luckily 8．were given 9．achievement 10．their 【导语】本文讲述栾启平因自身经历，建立“一只鞋银行”群组，为截肢者匹配鞋子并募集捐赠，助力残疾人的暖心故事。 1．句意：60多年来，他一直穿着不同尺码的鞋子走路。根据“feet of different”结合备选词可知，此处指不同尺码的脚，size“尺码”，可数名词，此处用复数形式。故填sizes。 2．句意：他们中的一个人只穿左脚鞋，而另一个人只穿右脚鞋。根据“One of them wore a left shoe”和“the other wore only the right one”结合备选词可知，此处表示对比关系，while“然而”，连词。故填while。 3．句意：需要左脚鞋或右脚鞋的人可以通过这个群组交换鞋子。根据“need either a left or a right shoe”结合备选词可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是People，指人，关系词用who。故填who。 4．句意：随着越来越多的人想要加入，栾的聊天群组变得更大了。根据“As more and more people want to join”结合备选词可知，群组规模变得更大，big“大的”，此处用比较级形式。故填bigger。 5．句意：有一次，栾得知鞋厂只是把没人要的鞋子扔进垃圾填埋场。根据“unwanted shoes into landfills”结合备选词可知，此处指把鞋子扔进垃圾填埋场，throw“扔”，由knew可知句子用一般过去时，throw的过去式是threw。故填threw。 6．句意：栾决定从那些工厂里挑选一些舒服的鞋子，送给需要的人。根据“up some comfortable ones in those factories”结合备选词可知，此处指挑选舒服的鞋子，pick up“挑选”，decide to do sth.是固定搭配。故填to pick。 7．句意：幸运的是，很多志愿者伸出了援手。根据“lots of volunteers gave a helping hand”结合备选词可知，此处指幸运的是，lucky“幸运的”，形容词，此处用副词形式作状语。故填Luckily。 8．句意：在他们的帮助下，“一只鞋银行”在全国范围内分发了6万只单鞋。根据“60,000 single shoes”和“out by ‘One Shoe Bank’”结合备选词可知，此处指分发鞋子，give out“分发”，主语shoes和give之间是被动关系，且动作已完成，用一般过去时的被动语态，give的过去分词是given。故填were given。 9．句意：他说帮助残疾人给了他一种成就感。根据“a sense of”结合备选词可知，此处指成就感，achieve“实现”，动词，此处用名词形式achievement。故填achievement。 10．句意：每个人在生活中都有自己的目标。根据“own goals in life”结合备选词可知，此处指他们自己的目标，they“他们”，人称代词主格，此处用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 Passage 10 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 build   cover   special   season   wild   he   body   million   live   real Thousands of years ago, there lived a man called Shennong. He had an ox (牛) head and a human 1 . On his way to finding the right herb (药草), Shennong came across a mountain. He 2 a wooden ladder (木梯) and climbed up the mountain, finding 400 kinds of herbs. To remember 3 , people named the place Shennongjia. Shennongjia in Hubei is now a popular place for travelers. 4 of people visit it every year. Traveling there is a special experience, as you can see the scenery of different 5 from different heights. “When the foot of the mountain is in summer, the top is in spring. When the foot is in autumn, the top is 6 with ice,” local people said. Shennongjia is also home to about 5,000 kinds of animals and plants. Many endangered animals 7 there, such as the golden monkey and the Asian black bear. One interesting thing about Shennongjia is its legend of 8 men. Some people once said that they saw big human-like wild animals. Are there 9 wild men in Shennongjia? It is still a mystery. Scientists haven’t got good answers yet. The beautiful place received a 10 title (称号) on July 17, 2016. It was added to the World Heritage List (世界遗产名录) as a “World Natural Heritage Site”. 【答案】 1．body 2．built 3．him 4．Millions 5．seasons 6．covered 7．live 8．wild 9．really 10．special 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了神农架的由来、自然景观、生物资源、野人传说以及其获得的世界自然遗产称号，展现了神农架的独特魅力和重要价值。 1．句意：他长着牛头人身。根据“an ox head and a human”及所给单词，body“身体”符合语境，指人的身体，前面有不定冠词a，用单数形式。故填body。 2．句意：他搭建了一个木梯爬上了山，发现了400种草药。根据“a wooden ladder”及所给单词，build“建造；搭建”符合语境，文章讲述的是千年前的事情，用一般过去时，build的过去式为built。故填built。 3．句意：为了纪念他，人们把这个地方命名为神农架。根据前文“He had an ox head and a human body...”及所给单词，此处指代神农，作remember的宾语，用he的宾格形式him。故填him。 4．句意：每年有数百万人来参观它。根据“...of people visit it every year”及所给单词，million“百万”符合语境，millions of为固定搭配，意为“数百万的”，句首首字母大写。故填Millions。 5．句意：在那里旅行是一种特别的体验，因为你可以从不同的高度看到不同季节的景色。根据“When the foot of the mountain is in summer, the top is in spring...”及所给单词，season“季节”符合语境，different后接可数名词复数形式，season的复数为seasons。故填seasons。 6．句意：山脚是秋天时，山顶却被冰覆盖。根据“...with ice”及所给单词，cover“覆盖”符合语境，be covered with为固定搭配，意为“被……覆盖”。故填covered。 7．句意：许多濒危动物生活在那里，比如金丝猴和亚洲黑熊。根据“Shennongjia is also home to about 5,000 kinds of animals and plants.”及所给单词，live“生活；居住”符合语境，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语“Many endangered animals”为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填live。 8．句意：神农架的一个有趣的事情是它的野人传说。根据“Some people once said that they saw big human-like wild animals.”及所给单词，wild“野生的；未驯化的”符合语境，wild men为固定搭配，意为“野人”。故填wild。 9．句意：神农架真的有野人吗？根据“Are there...wild men in Shennongjia?”及所给单词，real“真的”符合语境，此处修饰形容词wild，用其副词形式really。故填really。 10．句意：这个美丽的地方在2016年7月17日获得了一个特殊的称号。根据“It was added to the World Heritage List as a ‘World Natural Heritage Site’.”及所给单词，special“特殊的；特别的”符合语境，此处修饰名词title，用形容词形式。故填special。 Passage 11 阅读短文，从方框中选出合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，每空一词，每词限用一次。 between  sent   orders  where  modern  makes  them  important  company  everything  It is fun to watch a baseball game. But do you know 1 the balls come from? In Dushan County, Guizhou Province, a factory can make more than 10,000 baseballs every day and people send 2 to Europe and the United States. The position of Dushan County 3 it an important place in Guizhou because it’s easy to get to the major ports (港口) in Guangdong and Guangxi from here. Products of Dushan County can be 4 to the ports in one day. To make excellent baseballs, quality (质量) control is very important. In the workshops, experienced workers strictly control 5 about the balls, especially the weight. The weight must be 6 141.8 grams and 148.8 grams. The 7 was set up in 2003. It developed from a small workshop to a 8 baseball production line that has more than 200 workers now. Making baseballs has become a(n) 9 way for the people there to increase their incomes (收入). Last year, the company made 3.8 million baseballs. At the beginning of this year, the company received 10 for more than 5 million balls. They hope they can produce more baseballs in the next few years. 【答案】 1．where 2．them 3．makes 4．sent 5．everything 6．between 7．company 8．modern 9．important 10．orders 【导语】本文主要讲述了棒球的来源，介绍了贵州独山县的一个棒球工厂，包括其地理位置优势、质量控制、发展历程以及生产对当地人们收入的影响等。 1．句意：但是你知道球来自哪里吗？根据“But do you know...the balls come from?”可知，此处是询问球来自哪里，应用疑问词where“哪里”。故填where。 2．句意：在贵州省独山县，一家工厂每天可以生产1万多个棒球，人们把它们送到欧洲和美国。根据“people send...to Europe and the United States.”可知，此处指把棒球送到欧洲和美国，应用代词them指代前文的“baseballs”。故填them。 3．句意：独山县的地理位置使它成为贵州的一个重要地方，因为从这里很容易到达广东和广西的主要港口。根据“The position of Dushan County...it an important place in Guizhou”可知，独山县的地理位置使它成为贵州的一个重要地方，make“使”，句子是一般现在时，主语是单数，动词用三单形式。故填makes。 4．句意：独山县的产品可以在一天内送到港口。根据“Products of Dushan County can be...to the ports in one day.”可知，此处指产品被送到港口，send“送”，此处是被动语态，动词用过去分词。故填sent。 5．句意：在车间里，有经验的工人严格控制球的各个方面，尤其是重量。根据“especially the weight”可知，此处指严格控制球的各个方面，everything“每件事，一切”符合语境。故填everything。 6．句意：重量必须在141.8克到148.8克之间。根据“141.8 grams and 148.8 grams.”可知，此处指在141.8克到148.8克之间，between...and...“在……和……之间”。故填between。 7．句意：这家公司成立于2003年。根据“It developed from a small workshop”可知，此处指这家公司，company“公司”，根据was可知，用单数。故填company。 8．句意：它从一个小作坊发展到现在拥有200多名工人的现代化棒球生产线。根据“a...baseball production line”可知，此处指现代化的棒球生产线，modern“现代的”符合语境。故填modern。 9．句意：制作棒球已经成为当地人增加收入的重要途径。根据“way for the people there to increase their incomes”可知，此处指增加收入的重要途径，important“重要的”符合语境。故填important。 10．句意：今年年初，该公司收到了超过500万个球的订单。根据“the company received...for more than 5 million balls.”可知，此处指收到订单，order“订单”，此处用复数形式。故填orders。 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $