Unit 11 Section Ⅵ Writing Workshop & Reading Club-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版）

该高中英语课件围绕“Conflict and Compromise”主题，系统梳理阅读单词、核心词汇（如ban, harm）、重点短语及典型句式（如whatever让步状语从句），通过“错题自查—精练—模仿写作—测评”的学习支架，构建从基础巩固到能力提升的知识脉络。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如核心词汇讲练结合教材原句与语法填空，写作模块通过范文模仿与情境任务训练表达逻辑，读后续写任务引导学生分析冲突、构思和解情节。这一设计帮助学生提升语言应用能力与问题解决思维，也为教师提供分层教学资源，提高课堂效率。

UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE 人与社会——社区生活、人际关系、社会交往和社会问题 Section Ⅵ　Writing Workshop & Reading Club 内容索引 语基讲练　提能力 2 语基自查　固根基 1 模仿范文　学写作 3 课时测评 4 语基自查　固根基 返回 阅读单词——识记 1．tobacco industry　　　　　 _____行业 2．a regular cigarette 普通_____ 3．drink alcohol 喝____ 4．the fear of obesity 害怕_____ 5．tax increases _____的增加 6．lay a carpet 铺一个_____ 7．break your ankle 扭伤_____ 烟草 香烟 酒 肥胖 税款 地毯 脚踝 核心单词——练通 1．①____ smoking　　　 禁止吸烟 ②a ____ on smoking 禁止吸烟 2．_____ information 错误的信息 3．______ clothing 宽松的衣服 4．①consider our ________ 考虑我们的请求 ②________ a valuable opportunity 请求一个宝贵的机会 ban ban false loose request request 拓展单词——用活 1．______ vt.伤害 n．损害，危害 → harmful adj.有害的 →harmless adj.无害的，不会导致损伤的 2．_________ adj.理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的 →desire n．欲望，愿望 vt.渴望；要求 3．______ vi.& vt.投资 →investment n．投资 4．_________ vt.作出结论，推断出 →conclusion n．结论 harm desirable invest conclude 5．_________ adj.有利的，有帮助的，有用的 →benefit n．好处，利益 vt.对(某人)有用，使受益 6．__________ adj.永久的，长久的 →permanently adv.永久地 7．_________ n．康复，痊愈 →recover vi.恢复；康复vt.重新获得 8．______ n．贪欲，贪婪 →greedy adj.贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的 recovery greed beneficial permanent 重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．醒来，唤醒；活跃起来　　 ____________ 2．关掉 ____________ 3．终于，最后 ____________ 第二组　英译汉 4．get away from _________________ 5．take off ___________________________ 6．deal with _________________________ wake up turn off in the end 避免，摆脱；逃离 起飞；脱下；离开；突然成功 处理；涉及；与……做生意 典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　It is＋动词-ed形式＋that... 教材原句　...________________________(人们普遍认为)a patient's chances of recovery decline the longer they stay in a coma. 2．句型公式　whatever引导让步状语从句 教材原句　__________________(不管你怎么想)，the compensation culture which has emerged in recent years is spreading，and it will affect all of us. it is generally agreed that Whatever you think 返回 语基讲练　提能力 返回 Ⅰ. 核心词汇练全 ban vt. 禁止，取缔 n.禁令，禁止 (教材原句)In my opinion，we should go further and ban advertisements for any unhealthy products such as alcohol and fried food. 在我看来，我们应该更进一步禁止任何不健康产品的广告，如酒精和油炸食品。 (1)ban doing sth　 禁止做某事 ban sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事 (2)a ban on... 禁止；一项关于……的禁令 put/place/impose/lift a ban on 颁布/取消禁令　　 归 纳 1 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Our school bans students _______ bringing cellphones to school，which has aroused a heated debate among students. ②China has declared a new rule to ban __________ (smoke) in enclosed public spaces. ③为了创造更清洁的环境，我们应该禁止到处乱扔垃圾。(应用文写作之环境保护) To create cleaner surroundings，_____________________________________. from smoking we should put a ban on littering everywhere 归 纳 harm vt. 伤害 n.损害，危害 (教材原句)Undoubtedly，unhealthy products harm our health. 毫无疑问，不健康的产品危害我们的健康。 (1)do... harm/do harm to...　　 　　 对……有害 There is no harm in (sb's) doing sth (某人)做某事无害处 (2)harmful adj. 有害的；导致损害的 be harmful to... 对……有害处 (3)harmless adj. 无害的，不会导致损伤的　　 2 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①As second-hand smoking is ________ (harm) and dangerous，people want a total ban against smoking in public. ②They don't usually employ untrained workers，but there's no harm ____ trying your fortune. ③如果使用不当，这种草药会对你有害。 →If used improperly，the herb will _____________. (harm n．) →If used improperly，the herb will ____________. (harm n．) →If used improperly，the herb will ________________. (harmful adj. ) harmful in do harm to you do you harm be harmful to you 归 纳 conclude vt. 作出结论，推断出 (教材原句)To conclude，laws to ban TV advertisements for unhealthy products are beneficial to society. 最后，法律禁止不健康产品的电视广告对社会是有益的。 (1)conclude from　 从……中得出结论 conclude... with... 以……结束…… to conclude 最后 (2)conclusion n. 结论；结束 come to/draw/reach/get to/arrive at a conclusion (from) (从……)得出结论 in conclusion 最后，总之 bring... to a conclusion 结束……　　 3 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He drew the __________(conclude) by building on his own investigation. ②She concluded her speech ______ a funny story，which made the audience laugh loudly. ③He concluded ______ their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan. ④最后，活动取得了巨大成功，得到了师生的高度评价。 ________________________，the activity turned out to be a great success，which was highly thought of by both teachers and students. (观点总结) conclusion with from In conclusion/To conclude ⑤两人进行了讨论，并得出结论，有一天直升机会取代汽车。 The two men discussed and _____________________________________ __________ that the helicopter would take the place of the car some day. 温馨提示　表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有：in short，in brief，in a word，all in all，to sum up，briefly (speaking)，in a nutshell等。 came to/drew/reached/got to/arrived at a conclusion 归 纳 beneficial adj. 有利的，有帮助的，有用的 (1)be beneficial to 　 对……有益 (2)benefit n. 好处，利益 　 vt. 对(某人)有用；使受益 benefit from 从……中受益 be of benefit to 对……有益处 for the benefit of 为了……的利益　　 4 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①If we are able to make exercising our life habit，we will surely benefit _____ it both physically and mentally. ②If I am lucky enough to be elected，I will make every effort to serve ____ the benefit of students and our club. ③你们来我们学校参加交流项目已经两周了，这让我们所有人都受益。(应用文写作之活动介绍) →It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program，________________________. (benefit vt. ) →It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program，_______________________________. (benefit n．) →It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program，_______________________________. (beneficial adj.) from for which has benefited all of us which has been of benefit to all of us which has been beneficial to all of us 归 纳 request n. & vt. 请求，要求 (教材原句)Staff at a famous company is used to dealing with requests for compensation following poor weather... 一家著名公司的全体员工习惯于处理恶劣天气后的赔偿要求…… (1)make a request for/that...　　　　 请求/要求…… at sb's request＝at the request of sb 应某人的要求 (2)request sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 request that... (should) do sth 请求……(应该)做某事 It is requested that... (should) do sth 要求……(应该)做某事　　 5 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①The show was repeated ____ the request of the audience. ②You can talk to the robot，ask it questions，and make requests _____ it to perform different tasks. ③All the students are requested _________ (attend) the annual school celebration. at for to attend ④我们的老师要求我们为考试做好准备。(应用文写作之学校生活) →Our teacher _________________ well prepared for the exam. (request vt.) →Our teacher ______________________________ well prepared for the exam. (request n．) →Our teacher __________________________ well prepared for the exam. (request that... ) 温馨提示　动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词为“(should＋)动词原形”。 requested us to be made a request that we (should) be requested that we (should) be Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：whatever引导让步状语从句 (教材原句)Whatever you think，the compensation culture which has emerged in recent years is spreading，and it will affect all of us. 不管你怎么想，近年来出现的补偿文化正在蔓延，它将影响我们所有人。　 1 归 纳 (1)no matter＋wh-只引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句，其含义相当于wh-ever，意为“不管，无论”，其位置可在主句前，也可在主句后。 (2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what/who/ which/whom。 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Jordan said that no matter _____ it ends，it starts with hope. ②__________ it is，the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions. ③So，_________ you are，thank you for the random act of kindness that not only helped my mother out，but made her day too. ④不管未来的生活有多大的挑战，我都愿意勇敢地去拥抱它。 →____________________________________，I'd like to embrace it bravely. →________________________________，I'd like to embrace it bravely. how Whatever whoever No matter how challenging the future life is However challenging the future life is 归 纳 句型公式：动词-ing形式短语作状语 (教材原句)Terri fell into a coma when a heart attack robbed her brain of oxygen，causing permanent harm. 特丽因心脏病发作导致大脑缺氧，造成永久性伤害，陷入昏迷。 (1)动词-ing形式短语作结果状语常表示“意料、情理之中”的结果，它的逻辑主语既可以是句子的主语，也可以是前边的整个句子，逻辑主语为前边的整个句子时，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。 (2)动词不定式短语作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果。　　 2 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①More highways have been built in China，________ (make) it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. ②They，________ (starve) for information on what to add to their diet，don't want to give up favorite foods. ③然后他慢慢地走向洞口，伸出手去抓住孩子的手，把他完全拉了出来。(读后续写之动作描写) Then he inched toward the hole and stretched out to seize the child's hands，________________________. ④大火持续了将近一个月，几乎没剩下什么有价值的东西。 The fire lasted nearly a month，_____________________. making starving pulling him out completely leaving nothing valuable 返回 模仿范文　学写作 返回 Should TV Advertisements for Unhealthy Products Be Banned？ In many countries，there are already laws which do not allow advertising for tobacco products like cigarettes. In my opinion，we should go further and ban advertisements for any unhealthy products such as alcohol and fried food. Undoubtedly，unhealthy products harm our health. It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food．The rate of obesity has increased greatly. In some countries，it is second only to smoking as a cause of death. In addition，drinking alcohol results in a wide range of diseases. If children see fewer advertisements on TV of people doing these activities，they are much less likely to try to copy their behaviour. 原文呈现 A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax. However，surely this is a false argument. The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses，such as those that improve our environment. Furthermore，it is not right to make money from activities which harm human health. To conclude，laws to ban TV advertisements for unhealthy products are beneficial to society. They help to save lives and improve the health of a nation. 学语言 一、句式美 第一段直接表明个人观点，为后文论述指明方向； 第二、三段为文章的主体部分，论证了第一段提出的观点；通过使用副词作状语，It作形式主语，why引导定语从句以及that引导表语从句等说明自己的立场及观点； 最后一段总结观点，与第一段形成呼应。 二、词汇美 in one's opinion在某人看来 in addition另外；此外 a wide range of 各种各样的；大范围的 to conclude总之 名师圈点 学结构 第一部分：提出论点并表达自己的观点； 第二部分：解释原因； 第三部分：对所述观点进行总结。 情境任务写作 在生活中，我们常常会面临一些道德困境。其中一个争议性较大的问题是：是否应该对患有绝症的病人说善意的谎言(white lies)。请你根据以下要点，写一篇英语作文，阐述你对这一问题的看法。内容要点： 1．支持对绝症患者说善意谎言的观点： 2．反对对绝症患者说善意谎言的观点： 3．你的个人观点。 要求：1．词数80左右。 2．涵盖所有要点，可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 仿写程序步骤 一仿结构布局合理 第一段：点明话题； 第二段：支持与反对的观点及理由； 第三段：个人观点。 二仿语言规范美观 (1)今天我们班就这个问题进行了讨论。 Today our class ________________ about it. (2)一些学生反对它。 Some students __________ it. (3)一些学生坚持认为病人应该被告知他们疾病的真相。 Some students insist that the patients should be informed of ______________ _______. (4)他们可以根据自己的健康状况做出适当的决定。 They can ___________________ according to their health. have a discussion are against the truth of their make proper decision illness (5)与上述观点相反，一些学生认为善意的谎言是可以接受的。 Contrary to the above belief，some students believe that _________________ __________. (6)他们担心病人可能会失去希望。 They worry that patients may ______________. (7)他们被告知自己的病情。 They are _____________________. (8)这会让情况变得更糟。 It will ______________________. lose their hope told about their condition make the situation worse a white lie is acceptable (9)如果患者有坚强的生存意志和积极的态度，告诉他/她真相将有助于治疗。 If the patient _____________________ and a positive attitude，telling him/her the truth will be helpful to the treatment. (10)如果病人的情况相反，我们最好不要这样做。 ________________________，we had better not do so. has a strong will to live If the patient is the opposite 三仿句式高级表达 (11)用定语从句和状语从句合并句(2)、句(3)和句(4) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (12)用同位语从句升级句(5) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (13)用状语从句和定语从句合并句(6)、句(7)和句(8) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness，so that they can make proper decision according to their health. Contrary to the above belief，some students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable. They worry that once told about their condition，patients may lose their hope，which will make the situation worse. 四仿教材连句成篇 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ If a patient is suffering an incurable illness，should he or she be informed of the truth？Today our class have a discussion about it. Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness，so that they can make proper decision according to their health. Contrary to the above belief，some students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable. They worry that once told about their condition，patients may lose their hope，which will make the situation worse. In my view，whether people should tell a white lie or not depends on what kind of person the patient is. If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude，telling him/her the truth will be helpful to the treatment. But if the patient is the opposite，we had better not do so. 即时训练 (2025·福建宁德阶段练习) 最近，你班同学就“Is it better to employ self-study or teamwork study？”进行了讨论，大家观点不一。请根据表格提示写一篇短文，介绍此次讨论情况并发表自己的看法，然后发表在你校英语论坛上。注意：词数80左右。 独立学习更好(55%) 合作学习更好(45%) 你的观点 1．免于被他人干扰； 2．有助于培养独立思考的能力； 3．更容易获得成就感。 1．有助于营造浓厚的学习气氛； 2．有助于培养互助合作的精神。 …… ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A lively discussion was held in our class about whether it is better to employ self-study or teamwork study. There are different opinions among students concerning this topic. 55% of them are in favour of self-study，because they believe that it can avoid interruptions from others. Besides，it can develop their ability to think independently and they will have a greater sense of achievement if they are successful.However，45% of them think that teamwork study can help create a more enjoyable learning atmosphere and develop the spirit of cooperation. As far as I'm concerned，both of them have their advantages and disadvantages，so individuals should choose the learning style that they find most suitable. 读后续写——冲突与和解 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2025·江苏梅村高级中学月考) Last week，frozen cookie dough (生面团) saved me from myself. It all started when the new neighbor across the street backed a U-Haul truck up to his house，walked a Ping-Pong table down the ramp and left it on his front lawn. He is a college student，and if you live in a college town，you understand that a Ping-Pong table on a front lawn is not just a Ping-Pong table. It's a beer-pong table. I wouldn't know the first thing about it if I hadn't spent years living on the other side of town，closer to the university，where beer-pong tables could be seen here and there in the front yards. At the time，my husband and I shared a property line with 27 students，the sounds of beer pong extending late into the night and early into the morning. These students embraced beer pong as a lifestyle. The best we could do was move to a quieter part of town，which we did at great expense. And now，here was this guy，leaving a new beer-pong table within full view of my new kitchen window. I come from a long line of angry folks，and I have always hoped that I'd be the one to change. I have tried various means，which have helped soften the rage (怒火) I inherited，but it's still in there，like lava bubbling inside a dormant (休眠的) volcano. Occasionally，the lava boils over and I say something I regret. The best way I know to repair the damage is with food. I've seen the way as a simple gift，such as a loaf of banana bread，can open the door of a heart that's hurt，even if only a little. I walked right up to the student's house，past that stupid table，knocked on the door and told him that it had to go. I expected him to feel sorry，apologize and agree. Instead，he returned my rage in kind. “Who the hell are you？” he asked. “And what gives you the right to make such a ridiculous demand？” I felt a pull on my arm：my husband. He'd seen the U-Haul and the table，and had predicted I'd be on the war path. As he pulled me away，I shouted at the kid and told him this wasn't over. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 I was full of rage the rest of the day，but the next morning，I awoke，full of shame.________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The student opened the door and looked down at the cookies on the plate. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、审要素 背景 when&where Last week&The author's new house in a quieter part of town 角色 who The author&The author's husband&The new neighbor across the street (a college student)&The 27 students who were the author's previous neighbors near the university 故事概要 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的邻居将一张乒乓球桌拖过马路，放在他家前的草坪上，结果大学生晚上非常吵闹，作者十分愤怒。作者和邻居理论，两人发生了争吵。第二天作者意识到自己反应过度了，于是烤了曲奇饼作为道歉，修复了关系，化解了矛盾。 二、定主题 Theme (正能量原则) We should establish a more positive relationship with our new neighbors and strive to resolve conflicts in a friendly manner. 三、巧构思 每段三个微情节，注重衔接和冲突解决 第一段首句：I was full of rage the rest of the day，but the next morning，I awoke，full of shame. Q1：Why was the author full of shame the next morning？ Answer：Because she realized she had overreacted when confronting the new neighbor about the beer-pong table. Q2：What did the author decide to do to fix the situation？ Answer：She decided to bake some cookies as she remembered food could be a way to mend fences. Q3：How did the author make the cookies？ Answer：She used frozen cookie dough，shaped it into little balls and baked them in the oven. 第二段首句：The student opened the door and looked down at the cookies on the plate. Q1：How did the student react when he first saw the cookies？ Answer：His eyes widened in surprise. Q2：What did the author say to the student？ Answer：She apologized for her outburst the day before and offered the cookies as a peace offering. Q3：What was the final outcome of their interaction？ Answer：The student agreed to move the table to the backyard，and they became friends. 四、造词句 1．母亲泪流满面，紧紧地拥抱着杰克，一遍又一遍地感谢他的英勇行为。(独立主格结构；现在分词短语作伴随状语) ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________2．学校邀请他去给学生们演讲，很快，埃尔姆伍德小镇的许多孩子都梦想着成为消防员，他们受到了杰克勇敢行为的鼓舞。(动词-ed形式短语作后置定语) ________________________________________________________________ I made the cookie dough from the frozen one I had，shaping it into little balls and putting them in the oven. He was a bit taken aback at first，but then a smile spread across his face. 五、塑成文 I was full of rage the rest of the day，but the next morning，I awoke，full of shame.________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I realized I had overreacted. Remembering that food could be a way to mend fences，I decided to bake some cookies. I made the cookie dough from the frozen one I had，shaping it into little balls and putting them in the oven. When they were done，the sweet smell filled the kitchen. Then I knocked on the neighbor's door. The student opened the door and looked down at the cookies on the plate. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 返回 His eyes widened in surprise.I took a deep breath and said，“I'm sorry for my outburst yesterday. I hope you can accept these cookies as a peace offering.” He was a bit taken aback at first，but then a smile spread across his face. “No，I should be the one to apologize. I was rude too，” he replied. We chatted for a while，and he told me he didn't even know how to play beer pong. In the end，he agreed to move the table to the backyard，and we parted as friends. 课时测评 返回 维度一　根据汉语意思或首字母提示填入单词的适当的形式(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The government will pay for the new schools by increasing the _____ (税) on luxury goods. 2．I tied the boat to the tree but it has come ______(松的). 3．We've just had a new _______(地毯) laid in our bedroom. 4．The eagle is the animal most _______(神圣的) to the Native Americans. 5．The law forbids the sale of _________(香烟) to people under the age of 16. 语境基础练 tax loose carpet sacred cigarettes 6．You are too fat now，so you should resist such food as bacon，roast pork，mutton and _____(炸薯条). 7．Heavy drinking can cause p_________ damage to the brain. 8．The government has i________ heavily in public transport. fry ermanent nvested 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．I believe the experience will also be _________(benefit) to you，making your life as an exchange student more colourful. 2．He made a remarkable _________(recover) from a shin injury. 3．Several new industries have arisen in this area in the last few years because of the rapid __________(invest). 4．Finally，we came to a __________(conclude) that it would be unwise to accept the proposal. beneficial recovery investment conclusion 5．Once upon a time，in a beautiful mountain inn，there was a ________ (greed) old innkeeper who was always thinking about money. 6．Take A View is a _________(desire) annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond. 7．Before growing crops，farmers will _______ (loose) the soil first. 8．She once requested that no one _______(tell) of her decision. greedy desirable loosen be told 维度三　完成句子/句式转换(每小题4分，共12分) 1．人们认为二氧化碳使地球升温的速度是以前担心的两倍。(It is ＋动词-ed形式＋that... ) ________________ carbon dioxide is heating the earth twice as quickly as previously feared. 2．一个美好的未来的实现取决于我们现在付出了多少努力。(动词-ing形式短语作状语) A beautiful future may be achieved，__________________________________ ___________. 3．No matter what you meet with in the future，I will spare no effort to help you. →________________________________， I will spare no effort to help you. (疑问词＋-ever) It is thought that depending on how many efforts we are making now Whatever you meet with in the future Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) We often think about relationships on a scale from positive to negative. We are drawn to loving family members，caring classmates and supportive mentors. We do our best to avoid the cruel uncle，the playground bully and the jerk boss. But the most toxic relationships aren't the purely negative ones. They're the ones that are a mix of positive and negative. We often call them frenemies，supposed friends who sometimes help you and sometimes hurt you. But it's not just friends. It's the in-laws who volunteer to watch your kids but belittle your parenting. The manager who praises your work but denies you a promotion. 素能提升练 Everyone knows how relationships like that can tie your stomach into a knot. But groundbreaking research led by the psychologists Bert Uchino and Julianne Holt-Lunstad shows that ambivalent (矛盾情绪的) relationships can be damaging to your health—even more than purely negative relationships. I had assumed that with a neighbor or a colleague，having some positive interactions was better than all negative interactions. But being cheered on by the same person who cuts you down doesn't reduce the bad feelings; it increases them. And it's not just in your head：It leaves a trace in your heart and your blood. Even a single ambivalent interaction can cause harm. In one experiment，people gave impromptu speeches on controversial topics in front of a friend who offered feedback. The researchers had randomly assigned the friend to give ambivalent or negative comments. Receiving mixed feedback caused higher blood pressure than pure criticism. I would have gone about the topic differently，but you're doing fine proved to be more distressing than I totally disagree with everything you've said. The evidence that ambivalent relationships can be bad for us is strong，but the reasons can be harder to read—just like the relationships themselves. The most intuitive reason is that ambivalent relationships are unpredictable. With a clear enemy，you put up a shield when you cross paths. With a frenemy，you never know whether Dr. Jekyll or Mr. Hyde is going to show up. Feeling unsure can disrupt the body's calming system and activate a fight-or-flight response. It's unsettling to hope for a hug while also preparing for a likely quarrel. Another factor is that unpleasant interactions are more painful in an ambivalent relationship. It's more upsetting to be let down by people you like sometimes than by people you dislike all the time. When someone stabs you in the back，it stings more if he's been friendly to your face. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究发现最有害的人际关系不是纯粹负面的关系，而是混合了正面和负面情绪的关系。这种关系被称为“亦敌亦友”的关系，即有时帮助你，有时伤害你的关系。 1．Which of the following can be counted as a frenemy？ A．Your neighbour's kid who advises you to study hard but idles away his own time. B．Your classmate who admires your diligence at first，but doubts your intelligence later. C．Your mother's friend who encourages you to spend more time on homework but less on smartphones. D．Your father's colleague who proposes you to do a moderate amount of homework while ensuring adequate sleep. √ 推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可推知，“亦敌亦友”指的是有时候帮助你，有时候伤害你的关系。选项B“Your classmate who admires your diligence at first，but doubts your intelligence later.”符合这一表述。故选B。 2．Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage？ A．Ambivalent relationships have a permanent effect on your well-being. B．The common cause for high blood pressure is ambivalent relationship. C．Ambivalent interactions will be more painful if it is done consciously. D．The negative impact of ambivalent interactions is direct and strong. √ 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“But being cheered on by the same person who cuts you down doesn't reduce the bad feelings; it increases them. And it's not just in your head：It leaves a trace in your heart and your blood.”以及文章第五段内容可推知，矛盾情绪相互作用的负面影响是直接且强烈的。故选D。 3．The underlined word “belittle” in Paragraph 2 probably means ． A．devalue B．appreciate C．respect D．abuse √ 词义猜测题。根据画线单词下一句“The manager who praises your work but denies you a promotion.”可知，这类人帮助你又会贬低你。画线单词上文“watch your kids”是帮助，由此可推知，画线单词belittle 意为“轻视”，与A项devalue 意思相近。故选A。 4．Which of the following might be the best title for the passage？ A．Some Negative Relationships Are Bad for Your Health B．Your Most Ambivalent Relationships Are the Most Toxic C．The Reasons for Ambivalent Relationships Are Unpredictable D．Some Positive Relationships Are Better than All Negative Ones √ 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据文章第三段内容可知，文章主要介绍的是最矛盾的关系才是最有害的。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·四川南充期末) The Southwestern Small School Invitational on August 22 in Indiana was a cross-country 1 of what will no doubt be an important season. However，for Aleman，18，and LaGrange，16，the 5，000-meter race was absolutely 2 . LaGrange，a sophomore from Western Boone High School，injured his ankle，when 3 into a turn with less than a mile to go. The 4 worsened and forced him to stop and walk with 5 . It was at this moment that Aleman，a Sheridan High School senior， 6 LaGrange and suspected he needed assistance. “He told me that he had strained (拉伤) a muscle. 7 ，I determined to stay beside him along the way，providing assistance 8 ，” Aleman told Runner's World. LaGrange urged Aleman to 9 him and finish the race. “I wanted him to 10 his personal pursuits and thereby have an enjoyable and fulfilling experience，” he said. But Aleman 11 ． So for the final half-mile，Aleman jogged beside LaGrange，even laying a comforting hand on his back—a subtle gesture，yet profound 12 that Aleman was staying right there with him until the end. LaGrange crossed the finish line at 20：31.99，Aleman at 20：32.23. As they crossed the finish line together，their 13 was established in the heat of the race. Their story， 14 from the race and kindness，became an inspiring narrative，having a profound impact within their schools and the hearts of all who heard it， 15 the beauty of selfless friendship. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了18岁的阿勒曼在越野赛跑中帮助受伤的16岁拉格兰日完成比赛的故事，彰显了无私友谊的美好。 1．A．tour B．association C．meet D．conference 2．A．dangerous B．responsible C．helpful D．significant √ 根据前文“a cross-country”和后文“the 5，000-meter race was absolutely ”可知，这是一场越野赛跑比赛。故选C项。 √ 根据后文“As they crossed the finish line together，their was...within their schools and the hearts of all who heard it” 可知，阿勒曼帮助受伤的拉格兰日完成比赛，他们建立了友谊，且激励了其他人，所以这场赛跑对他们来说意义非凡。故选D项。 3．A．walking B．jumping C．heading D．floating 4．A．motion B．depression C．tension D．agony √ 根据“into a turn with less than a mile to go”可知，在赛跑中朝转弯处行进时受伤了。故选C项。 √ 根据前文“injured his ankle”和后文“forced him to stop and walk”可知，脚踝受伤，疼痛加剧。故选D项。 5．A．difficulty B．disgrace C．confusion D．pride 6．A．spotted B．seized C．sponsored D．skipped √ 根据前文“injured his ankle”可知，脚踝受伤，疼痛加剧，所以是艰难地行走。故选A项。 √ 根据后文“and suspected he needed assistance”可知，阿勒曼注意到拉格兰日的情况。故选A项。 7．A．Thus B．Nevertheless C．Moreover D．Otherwise 8．A．casually B．constantly C．suddenly D．hesitantly √ 根据前文“He told me that he had strained (拉伤) a muscle.”可知，因为拉格兰日肌肉拉伤，所以阿勒曼决定留在他身边帮助他。前后为因果关系，用thus连接。故选A项。 √ 根据前文“I determined to stay beside him along the way”可知，阿勒曼决定一路上都留在他身边，所以是不断地提供帮助。故选B项。 9．A．support B．leave C．join D．partner 10．A．give up on B．keep on with C．face up to D．lose sight of √ 根据后文“and finish the race”可知，拉格兰日不想因为自己影响阿勒曼的比赛，所以敦促他离开自己，去完成比赛。故选B项。 √ 根据后文“his personal pursuits and thereby have an enjoyable and fulfilling experience”可知，阿勒曼想让拉格兰日继续追求自己的目标。故选B项。 11．A．approved B．disagreed C．failed D．departed 12．A．instance B．factor C．account D．reminder √ 根据后文“So for the final half-mile，Aleman jogged beside LaGrange”可知，阿勒曼陪着他跑完了最后半英里，说明他不同意拉格兰日的建议。故选B项。 √ 根据前文“a subtle gesture”和后文“Aleman was staying right there with him until the end”可知，阿勒曼把手放在拉格兰日背上这一举动，提醒着他会一直陪着他直到终点。故选D项。 13．A．expectation B．strength C．assistance D．bond 14．A．born B．stimulated C．adopted D．collected √ 根据前文“As they crossed the finish line together”和后文“the beauty of selfless friendship”可知，阿勒曼和拉格兰日一起冲过终点线，他们在比赛中建立了友谊。故选D项。 √ 根据上文内容和后文“from the race and kindness”可知，他们的故事出自于比赛、源于善良。故选A项。 15．A．attaching B．judging C．symbolizing D．threatening √ 根据后文“the beauty of selfless friendship”可知，阿勒曼和拉格兰日的故事象征着无私友谊的美好。故选C项。 Ⅲ.应用文写作(满分15分) 最近，你班同学就“探索海洋是否值得”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下表提供的信息，用英语记录讨论的情况，并谈谈自己的看法。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。 30%的同学认为 70%的同学认为 你的观点 1.不值得探索 2．会对海洋造成污染 3．一些人残忍猎杀一些海洋动物，导致它们灭绝 1．值得探索 2．为了更好地了解我们的星球，必须进行海洋探索 3．海洋拥有丰富的资源，有助于解决能源短缺问题 …… Recently our class had a heated discussion on whether the sea is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 30% of us think sea exploration is not worthwhile，holding the opinion that it will pollute the sea. Some people hunt marine animals without mercy，causing them to die out. However，70% of us think the sea is worth exploring，which is beneficial to human beings. To better understand our planet，we must explore the sea. Moreover，the sea is abundant in a variety of resources，which enables us to solve the problem of energy shortages. As far as I am concerned，it's worthwhile to explore the sea for the benefit of future generations. Meanwhile，we should exploit the sea properly. 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE 返回 $