Unit 2 Body language 动词-ing形式-【简语法-单元核心语法精练】2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语单元学案以“动词-ing形式”为核心，围绕其功能、搭配、易混点及形容词用法设计学习目标，通过语法模块系统梳理、典型例句与正误对比、使用注意事项构建“理解-辨析-应用”的递进式学习路径，体现知识建构的系统性和连贯性。 亮点在于“语法模块+专项练习”的整合设计，通过易混搭配（如try to do/doing）的对比分析培养思维品质，结合单项选择、完成句子、语法填空等任务提升语言能力，每部分均配备典型例句与解题指导，既帮助学生精准掌握动词-ing形式应用规则，又为教师实施单元复习提供清晰的教学支架。

单元核心语法精练 Unit 2 Body language（新教材沪教版） （动词-ing形式） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 本表系统梳理动词 - ing 形式的功能、搭配、易混点及形容词用法，搭配典型例句与正误对比，助力精准掌握其应用规则。 语法模块 核心要点 具体内容 典型例句（含正误对比） 一、动词 - ing 形式的核心功能 1. 作主语 ① 表一件事或一个概念；② 单个 - ing 作主语，谓语用单数；两个及以上并列作主语，谓语用复数 ① Reading books is my favourite activity.（正确） ② Reading books and listening to music are my favourite activities.（正确） 错误：Read books is my favourite activity. 2. 作宾语 ① 接特定动词：finish、practise、enjoy、mind、keep、be worth、can’t help、give up 等 ② 接介词后：in、on、at、without、thanks for、be interested in 等 ① He practises playing football every day.（正确） ② Are you interested in singing?（正确） ③ Thanks for sharing your experience.（正确） 错误：He finished to do his homework.（修正：doing） 二、易混搭配（to do vs doing） 1. try try to do sth.（努力做某事） try doing sth.（尝试做某事） I’ll try to finish my homework now.（努力完成） Why not try eating this new cake?（尝试吃） 2. stop stop to do sth.（停下来去做另一件事） stop doing sth.（停止正在做的事） We stopped running to drink some water.（停跑喝水） He stopped smoking when the teacher came in.（停止抽烟） 3. remember/forget remember/forget to do sth.（记得 / 忘记去做，未做） remember/forget doing sth.（记得 / 忘记做过，已做） Remember to turn off the lights.（记得去关） I remember seeing this movie.（记得看过） Don’t forget to take your umbrella.（别忘了带） 4. see/hear see/hear sb. do sth.（看到 / 听到某人做某事的全过程） see/hear sb. doing sth.（看到 / 听到某人正在做某事） I saw them play football yesterday.（看到全过程） I saw them playing football when I passed by.（看到正在踢） 三、-ing 形式构成的形容词 1. -ing 形容词 修饰事物，表 “让人感到…… 的”，说明事物特征 The movie is exciting.（令人激动的） It is a surprising result.（令人意外的结果） 2. -ed 形容词 修饰人，表 “感到…… 的”，说明人的感受或状态 We felt excited when we watched the movie.（感到激动的） He was surprised at the news.（感到意外的） 四、高频固定搭配 1. 动词 + ing keep doing（持续做）、be busy doing（忙于做）、be used to doing（习惯于做）、give up doing（放弃做） They keep running every night.（持续跑步） She is busy planning the trip.（忙于规划旅行） He is used to getting up early.（习惯早起） 2. 介词 + ing look forward to doing（期待做）、worry about doing（担心做）、without doing（没有做） I look forward to hearing from you.（期待收到你的消息） Don’t worry about failing the exam.（别担心考试不及格） 使用注意事项 1. 作主语时，需用 - ing 形式（动名词），不可用动词原形，例如：Swimming is good exercise（正确），Swim is good exercise（错误）。 2. 部分动词（如 finish、practise、mind）后只能接 - ing 作宾语，不能接 to do，避免出现 “finish to do” 这类错误。 3. 区分 see/hear sb. do 和 doing：强调 “全过程” 用 do，强调 “正在进行” 用 doing，例如：I heard her sing a song（听到整首歌），I heard her singing a song（听到她正在唱）。 4. -ing 形容词和 - ed 形容词不可混用：修饰事物用 - ing，修饰人用 - ed，例如：The book is interesting（正确），He is interesting（错误，应改为 interested）。 5. 介词后必须接 - ing 形式，即使是 to 作为介词（如 look forward to、be used to），也需接 - ing，不可接动词原形，例如：I’m looking forward to meeting you（正确），I’m looking forward to meet you（错误）。 一、单项选择 1．His parents often tell him _________much time _______computer games. A．not to take; to play B．to spend ; to play C．don’t spend; playing D．not to spend; playing 【答案】D 【详解】试题分析：句意：他的父母常常告诉他不要在电脑游戏上花费太多的时间。 tell somebody not to do something告诉某人不要做某事；spend…on…在……上花费……。据句意，故选D。 考点：考查非谓语动词及动词短语。 2．I often see Tom on the playground. When I passed the playground yesterday, I saw him . A．play; playing B．to play; play C．playing; to play D． playing; play 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：句意为：我经常看到汤姆在操场玩耍。昨天我经过操场的时候看见他正在玩耍。see sb do sth表示看见某动作曾经发生过，see sb doing sth表示看见某动作正在进行。根据语境可知应选A。 考点：考查非谓语动词。 3．—Tony, how shall we spend our holiday tomorrow?   —What about ________ Confucius Temple? A．visiting B．to visit C．will visit D．visit 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——托尼，明天我们怎样度过我们的假期？——参观孔庙怎么样？ 考查非谓语动词。visiting参观，动名词/现在分词；to visit动词不定式；will visit一般将来时（助动词will+动词原形）；visit参观，动词原形。根据“What about...Confucius Temple?”可知，What about doing sth表示“做某事怎么样”，介词about后需填动名词，作宾语。故选A。 4．________ fun my family had ________ a vacation in Sanya last summer vacation! A．How, taking B．What, taken C．What, taking D．How, taken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：去年暑假我们全家去三亚度假，多有趣啊！ 考查感叹句以及非谓语动词。中心词fun是不可数名词，此处用what引导的感叹句。固定搭配：have fun (in) doing sth“做某事很有趣”，动名词作宾语，故选C。 5．Before meeting her foreign friends, she spent as much time as she could ________ English. A．to practise to speak B．practising speaking C．to practise speaking D．practising to speak 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在会见外国朋友之前，她花尽可能多的时间练习说英语。 考查动词短语。spend (time/money) doing sth.花费（时间/金钱)做某事，practise doing sth.练习做某事，都是固定短语。故选B。 6．The earth is our home. More attention should ________ the environment. A．pay to protect B．pay to protecting C．be paid to protect D．be paid to protecting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：地球是我们的家。应该更加注意保护环境。 考查动词短语和被动语态。主语More attention是动作pay的承受者，用被动语态should be paid to表示，to是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故选D。 7．________ his arrival at the airport in Japan, he began to regret ________ to go abroad for further study without careful preparation. A．On; to decide B．As soon as; deciding C．As; to make a decision D．Upon; making a decision 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当他到达日本机场时，他开始后悔没有经过精心准备就决定出国深造。 考查介词和动词。on介词，“一……就”，to decide“决定”；As soon as连词，“一……就”，deciding“决定”；As介词，“作为”， to make a decision“决定”；Upon介词，“一……就”，making a decision“决定”。根据“...his arrival at the airport in Japan”可知，空处填介词，排除B；regret动词，“后悔”，regret to do sth.“后悔要做某事”，regret doing sth.“后悔做过某事”；根据“he began to regret...to go abroad for further study without careful preparation.”可知，他后悔决定出国深造，排除AC选项。故选D。 8．While we were running on the playground, Jack suddenly stopped ________ and lay on the ground, so we all stopped ________ what was wrong with him. A．to run; to see B．running; seeing C．running; to see D．run; to see 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我们在操场上跑步时，杰克突然停下来躺着地上，于是我们都停下来看看他怎么了。 考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.“停止正在做的事”；stop to do sth.“停下来去做另一件事”。根据“While we were running on the playground”可知，他们本来正在跑步，此处指杰克停止跑步，应用stop doing sth，而其他人停止跑步去看杰克，应用stop to do sth。故选C。 9．Today the forests are getting fewer and fewer. We must ________ down too many trees. A．keep people from cutting B．prevent people from cutting C．stop people from cutting D．all of the above 【答案】D 【详解】句意：今天森林变得越来越少。我们必须阻止人们砍伐太多树木。 考查动词短语。cut down砍伐；keep sb from doing sth=prevent sb from doing sth=stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事，故选D。 10．— What would you like for breakfast? — I don’t feel like ________. A．to eat something B．eating anything C．to eat anything D．eating nothing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你早饭想要吃什么？——我什么都不想要吃。 考查非谓语动词。eat吃；something某事，用于肯定句；anything任何事，用于否定句或一般疑问句；根据“don’t”可知，此处是否定句，因此用anything；feel like doing sth.想要做某事，因此用动名词作宾语，故选B。 11．All the children are looking forward to ________ the new cartoon film. A．watching B．watch C．watched D．watches 【答案】A 【详解】句意：所有的孩子都盼望着看这部新的卡通电影。 考查非谓语动词。根据“looking forward to”可知，该句考查短语look forward to doing sth“期待做某事”。故选A。 12．___________for his good skill, this doctor has a lot of visitors calling for help all the time. A．Knowing B．To know C．Known D．To have known 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意为：由于他的技术出名，当时这个医生有很多游客前来求助。这是一个独立结构，应该用分词短语作状语，由于其与句中逻辑主语是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故选C。 考点：考查非谓语动词。 13．—Listen! Can you hear ______? —Yes, I can hear a bird ______ in the tree. A．anything, sing B．something, singing C．anything, singing D．something, sing 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：-听，你能听到什么吗？-是的，我能听到一只鸟在树上唱歌。第一空处在疑问句中表示一些事，用anything；第二空hear后面接doing作宾语补足语表示听到某人正在做某事。故选C。 考点：考查不定代词和非谓语动词。 14．--Haven’t I told you that the computer needs______? ---Sorry,I forgot_______it fixed.I’ll send it for repairs right away. A．repairing;having B．to repair;to have C．repairing;to have D．to be repaired;having 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：我没有告诉过你这台电脑需要修理吗？——抱歉，我忘记修理它了。我立即把它送去修理。动名词做宾语表示抽象的动作，动词不定式表示具体的动作，结合语境可知上文表示抽象动作，下文表示具体动作，故选C。 考点：非谓语动词 点评：不定式作句子成分表示具体的将要进行的动作，一般不用于介词后面。动名词作句子成分往往表示抽象的，反复发生的动作。介词后面一般接动名词作宾语，也有部分动词后接动名词做宾语，注意和不定式作宾语表达含义的不同。 15．—Do you often see the girl ________ fruit at the school gate? —Yes. But yesterday she was seen ________ empty bottles when I entered the classroom. A．sell; pick B．selling; picking C．to sell; to pick D．sell; picking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你经常看到这个女孩在学校门口卖水果吗？——是的。但昨天当我进教室时，看到她正在捡空瓶子。 考查非谓语动词。根据问句中“often”可知，此处表示反复发生的动作，see sb. do sth.“看到某人做某事”，表示经常或习惯性的动作，因此第一空填sell；根据“when I entered the classroom”可知，答句表示进教室时女孩正在进行的动作，see sb. doing sth.“看到某人正在做某事”，因此第二空填picking。故选D。 二、完成句子 1. Daniel擅长于下中国象棋，而且他总戴着眼镜。 Daniel does well in , and he always . 【答案】 playing Chinese chess wears glasses 【详解】根据所给汉语提示可知，do well in doing sth是固定结构，意为“擅长做某事”；play Chinese chess表示“下中国象棋”，play的动名词形式是playing；wear glasses是固定短语，意为“戴眼镜”；always表明时态是一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，wear用第三人称单数形式wears。故填playing Chinese chess；wears glasses。 2. 我爸爸花很多时间跟我一起读书。 My dad much time with me. 【答案】 spends reading 【详解】根据所给汉语意思可知，应该填的是“花费”和“读书”，主语是人，花费的是时间，所以用动词spend“花费”，时态是一般现在时，主语My dad是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词spend用第三人称单数spends，由句型spend+时间+（in）doing sth“做某事花了多长时间”可知，应该用read的动名词reading“阅读”作宾语，故填spends；reading。 3. 玛丽送了一个漂亮的笔记本给我。现在我一看到这个笔记本，我就会情不自禁地想到我最好的朋友，玛丽。 Mary sent me a beautiful notebook. And now, I look at it, I can’t help of her, my best friend, Mary. 【答案】 as soon as thinking 【详解】根据句意可知，第一处表示“一……就……”，用从属连词“as soon as”，引导时间状语从句；第二处表示“情不自禁做某事”，用“can’t help doing sth.”结构，think of表示“想到”，所以此处用“thinking”。故填as；soon；as；thinking。 4. 做早操对我们有好处。 is good for us. 【答案】Doing morning exercises 【详解】中英文对照，缺少“做早操”的英文表达。do morning exercises做早操，在句子中主语，使用动名词形式。故填Doing morning exercises。 5. 体育课上有一些学生喜欢跳绳。 Some students like in PE class. 【答案】 jumping rope 【详解】跳绳：jump rope；like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”。故填jumping；rope。 6. 在太阳底下读书对眼睛是有害的。 books in the sun our eyes. 【答案】 Reading is bad for 【详解】对……有害：be bad for；读：read，作主语用动名词，句子用一般现在时，be动词用is。故填Reading；is；bad；for。 7. 我喜欢在放学后和同学们一起在操场玩。 I like my classmates on the playground after school. 【答案】 playing with 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“和……一起玩”，应填动词短语play with；like doing sth“喜欢做某事”，表示长期习惯或兴趣，play的动名词是playing。故填playing；with。 8. 将你需要学习的东西和自己的经历联系起来可以使学习更有意义。（完成译句） what you need to learn your experiences can make learning more meaningful. 【答案】 Connecting with 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“将……和……联系起来”，其英文表达为connect...with...固定搭配；分析句子结构可知，谓语部分为“can make”，因此这里应用connect的动名词形式connecting，构成动名词短语“connecting what you need to learn with your experiences”作主语；句首单词，首字母大写。故填Connecting；with。 9. 腾飞喜欢放学后编程，周末去远足。 Teng Fei likes after school and at the weekend. 【答案】 programming going hiking 【详解】根据中英文对比可知，此处缺“编程”和“去远足”。根据“腾飞喜欢放学后编程，周末去远足。”可知，此处表示长期、习惯性的喜好，用like doing sth. ，动名词作宾语；“编程”的动名词形式为programming；“去远足”的固定搭配为go hiking，go的动名词形式为going。故填programming；going；hiking。 10. 如果你懂的分享的重要性，你就不会有这么少的朋友了。 If you know the , you won’t have so few friends. 【答案】 importance of sharing 【详解】根据中英文对比可知，缺少“分享的重要性”。“分享”share；“……的重要性”the importance of…，of为介词，其后可接名词、代词或动名词。故填importance；of；sharing。 11. 听闻那起事故，孩子们难过得说不出话来。 After the accident, the children sad anything. 【答案】 hearing of/about were too to say 【详解】句子是一般过去时，听说：hear of/about，介词after之后用动名词形式hearing；“难过得说不出话来”可用too…to…“太……而不能……”来表达，主语是the children，系动词用were；说：say，to后用动词原形。故填hearing；of/about；were；too；to；say。 12. 我真不明白为何那么多人对放烟花感兴趣。 I really don’t understand why so many people are fireworks. 【答案】interested in letting off 【详解】“对做某事感兴趣” be interested in doing sth；“放烟花” let off fireworks。故填interested in letting off。 13. 孩子们在操场放风筝玩得很开心。 The children had kites on the playground. 【答案】 fun flying 【详解】have fun doing sth“做某事很开心”；fly kites“放风筝”，此处用动名词flying作宾语。故填fun；flying。 14. 他是一个好奇的人，透过一个钥匙孔，即自然的钥匙孔，试图了解正在发生什么。 He is a curious man a keyhole, the keyhole of nature, what’s going on. 【答案】 looking through trying to know 【详解】look through“透过”，用现在分词形式，作后置定语，修饰前面的名词man；try to know“试图了解”，用现在分词形式，作伴随状语。故填looking；through；trying；to；know。 15. 作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。 As a mountain climber, Aron is used to . 【答案】 taking risks 【详解】冒险：take risks；习惯于做某事：be used to doing。故填taking；risks。 三、语法填空 Passage 1 请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, we have made great progress in science and technology. Teachers have lots of methods to take their lessons now. One of them is PPT. It’s very 1 (help) for their teaching. But their hands are often injured because 2 the wrong way during the use of PPT. This makes them feel uncomfortable 3 they use PPT. 4 (luck), a kind of new gloves has 5 (solve) the problem. By putting on these special gloves, teachers can stay warm and don’t have to worry about 6 (hurt) their hands while touchscreens (触摸屏). 7 special gloves were invented by Tang Renjia, a junior 3 student from Suzhou Science and Technology Town Foreign Language School. She 8 (receive) a patent certificate (专利证书) issued by the State Intellectual Property Office for her invention. Two years ago, Tang noticed that her teacher’s 9 (finger) were injured after using a touchscreen for long periods of time. Tang wanted to do something about this. She learned how to use high-technology materials to make gloves for her teacher. Her multi-functional (多功能的) gloves can keep people’s hands 10 (warm) and protect their skin safer when they are using touchscreen devices. 【答案】 1. helpful 2. of 3. when 4. Luckily 5. solved 6. hurting 7. The/These 8. received 9. fingers 10. warmer 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了初三学生唐人佳发明了特制手套，来帮助她的老师，不必担心在使用触屏设备时会伤到手的故事。 1. 句意：这对他们的教学很有帮助。根据“It’s very … for their teaching.”可知，此处是指PPT对教学有帮助，空格处应是形容词作表语，应将help改为其形容词形式helpful“有帮助的”。故填helpful。 2. 句意：但是在PPT的使用过程中，他们的手却经常因为使用方式不对而受伤。根据“because … the wrong way”可知，此处考查介词短语because of，表示“因为”。故填of。 3. 句意：当他们使用PPT时，这让他们感觉很不舒服。分析句意可知，他们是在使用PPT时感觉不舒服的，“... they use PPT”是时间状语从句，要用when引导。故填when。 4. 句意：幸运的是，一种新型手套解决了这个问题。分析句子结构可知，空格处为状语，用逗号隔开修饰句子，应是副词，luck的副词形式为luckily“幸运的是”，且因为在句首，首字母需大写。故填Luckily。 5. 句意：幸运的是，一种新型手套解决了这个问题。空前为助动词has，因此时态是现在完成时，其结构为has done，空格处应填动词过去分词，动词solve的过去分词为solved。故填solved。 6. 句意：通过戴上这种特殊的手套，老师们可以保持温暖，不用担心在使用触摸屏时伤到手。介词about后面应接名词或动名词，此处应用动词hurt的动名词形式作宾语。故填hurting。 7. 句意：这种特殊的手套是由苏州科技城外国语学校初三学生唐人佳发明的。本句主语gloves指的是前文提到的手套，要用定冠词the修饰，gloves为复数，也可用these指代，且因为在句首，首字母需大写。故填The/These。 8. 句意：她获得了国家知识产权局颁发的专利证书。根据上文“... special gloves were invented by Tang Renjia”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式received。故填received。 9. 句意：两年前，唐注意到她的老师在长时间使用触摸屏后手指受伤。分析句子结构可知，空格处是从句主语，根据空后were可知，主语应是复数，此处应用名词finger的复数形式fingers。故填fingers。 10. 句意：她的多功能手套可以让人们在使用触屏设备时使双手更温暖，并更安全地保护皮肤。根据连接词and可知，“keep people’ hands ...”和“protect their skins safer”是并列关系，因safer是形容词比较级，表达更进一步，因此空格处也要用形容词比较级，用warmer表示“更加温暖”。故填warmer。 Passage 2 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。 Flying to the moon has been a Chinese dream for thousands of years. Professor Ye Shuhua is one of the key scientists who 1 (work) at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory for nearly half a century. To her, China’s lunar (月球的) project is 2 (excite) news for the country’s space industry. “For our astronomers, the moon is an ideal place 3 (go),” Ye said. Dreams of 4 (fly) to the moon have deep roots in Chinese culture. According to an ancient story, Chang’e was a fairy who 5 (take) a special drink that gave her the ability to fly to the moon. The dream has already come 6 (truly) for the US astronauts. But it will take China at 7 (little) ten years to land astronauts there. The project has developed public understanding of the space programme and people’s knowledge of the moon— 8 (especial) among the young people. A visitor said, “The moon is a satellite of the earth. There are millions of pits (深坑) on its surface.” Another visitor said, “The moon is beautiful, and it’s the nearest heavenly body to the earth. That’s why people want to land on it.” Naturally, the children enjoy learning about science. But for scientists like Ye Shuhua, the lunar project is only the 9 (begin). “Landing on the moon will be a project for 10 (today) young people, not for me. But I hope that on the day our astronauts land on the moon, I can watch your news reports,” Ye said. 【答案】 1. has worked 2. exciting 3. to go 4. flying 5. took 6. true 7. least 8. especially 9. beginning 10. today’s 【导语】本文主要讲述了叶叔华教授等科学家与中国探月工程相关的内容。 1. 句意：叶树华教授是在上海天文台工作了近半个世纪的重要科学家之一。根据“for nearly half a century”可知，句子时态要用现在完成时，主语是Professor Ye Shuhua，要用“has+过去分词”结构，work的过去分词为worked。故填has worked。 2. 句意：对她来说，中国的月球计划对中国的航天工业来说是一个振奋人心的消息。根据“China’s lunar (月球的) project is ... news”可知，此处修饰名词news，要用形容词，修饰物要用excite的形容词exciting“令人兴奋的”。故填exciting。 3. 句意：叶说：“对我们天文学家来说，月球是一个理想的去处。”a place to do sth.“一个做某事的地方”，固定搭配，要用go的不定式to go。故填to go。 4. 句意：飞向月球的梦想深深植根于中国文化。of是介词，后接动名词形式，fly的动名词形式为flying。故填flying。 5. 句意：根据一个古老的故事，嫦娥是一位仙女，她喝了一种特殊的饮料，这种饮料赋予了她飞向月球的能力。根据“Chang’e was a fairy ...”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，take的过去式是took。故填took。 6. 句意：对于美国宇航员来说，这个梦想已经实现了。come true“实现”，固定搭配，要用truely的形容词形式true。故填true。 7. 句意：但中国至少需要十年时间才能将宇航员送到那里。at least“至少”，固定搭配，要用little的最高级形式least。故填least。 8. 句意：该项目提高了公众对太空计划的理解和对月球的认识，尤其是在年轻人中。根据“among the young people”可知，此处修饰介词短语，要用especial的副词形式especially“尤其”。故填especially。 9. 句意：但对于叶淑华这样的科学家来说，登月计划只是开始。the后接名词，begin的名词形式是beginning。故填beginning。 10. 句意：登上月球将是当今年轻人的一个项目，而不是我的。根据“Landing on the moon will be a project for ... young people”可知，此处表示“当今的年轻人”，要用today的名词所有格today’s。故填today’s。 Passage 3 请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Liuyang, located in central China’s Hunan Province, is the world’s largest production and trade centre for fireworks. 1 (know) as China’s “fireworks capital”, it has a history of making fireworks that can date back to the Tang dynasty (618-907). Today, fireworks from Liuyang are quite popular in markets across Europe, North America and Africa. They not only bring joy and fun to people around the world, 2 also make people closer to each other. Behind the joy and 3 (excite) of people setting off fireworks, Liu Yang has played a key role. Like many countries, the tradition of setting off fireworks has long been 4 important part of the New Year celebrations in Germany. Videos of German shoppers 5 (queue) outside supermarkets early in the morning to buy Chinese fireworks were a big hit on Chinese social media platforms (社交媒体平台). Many of the popular products were made 6 LiuYang. Xu Yunxiang, the general 7 (manage) in a famous fireworks company, said that this kind of frenzy (狂热) happens almost every year. And he is glad foreigners enjoy Chinese fireworks. People’s need for fireworks continues to rise 8 (rapid). They want products which are 9 (safe), more creative and of higher quality. In recent years, Liuyang’s fireworks companies have increased investment (投入) in technological research and development. They try 10 (they) best to improve product quality and safety. The performances of fireworks have greatly improved. This has improved the competitiveness in the national market. 【答案】 1. Known 2. but 3. excitement 4. an 5. queuing 6. in 7. manager 8. rapidly 9. safer 10. their 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国湖南浏阳作为世界最大的烟花生产贸易中心和“烟花之都”，其烟花制作历史可追溯至唐朝。如今浏阳烟花的畅销给世界人民带来欢乐，促进了人们间的关系。 1. 句意：作为中国的“烟花之都”而闻名，它制作烟花的历史可以追溯到唐朝（618 - 907）。根据“ … as China’s ‘fireworks capital’, it has a history of making fireworks that can date back to the Tang dynasty (618-907).”可知，此处应用非谓语动词形式，Liuyang与know之间是被动关系，要用过去分词作状语。故填Known。 2. 句意：它们不仅给世界各地的人们带来欢乐和乐趣，而且使人们彼此更加亲近。not only… but also…，表示“不但……而且……”。故填but。 3. 句意：在人们燃放烟花的喜悦和兴奋背后，浏阳发挥了关键作用。根据“joy and…”可知，and连接并列成分，前面是名词joy，此处也应填名词。故填excitement。 4. 句意：和许多国家一样，燃放烟花的传统长期以来一直是德国新年庆祝活动的一个重要部分。根据“… important part of the New Year”可知，此处泛指一个重要部分，且important是以元音音素开头的单词，要用不定冠词an。故填an。 5. 句意：德国购物者一大早就在超市外排队购买中国烟花的视频在中国社交媒体平台上大受欢迎。根据“Videos of German shoppers … outside supermarkets early in the morning to buy Chinese fireworks were …”可知，此处应用非谓语动词，shoppers与queue之间是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语修饰shoppers。故填queuing。 6. 句意：许多受欢迎的产品是在浏阳制造的。be made in表示“在……制造”。故填in。 7. 句意：一家著名烟花公司的总经理徐云祥表示，这种狂热几乎每年都会发生。根据“Xu Yunxiang, the general … in a famous fireworks company”可知，徐云祥是一家著名烟花公司的总经理，manage意为“管理”，其名词manager意为“经理”。故填manager。 8. 句意：人们对烟花的需求持续快速增长。此处应用副词修饰动词rise，rapid是形容词“快速的”，其副词是rapidly。故填rapidly。 9. 句意：他们想要更安全、更有创意、质量更高的产品。根据“They want products which are …, more creative and of higher quality.”可知，这里也需要用形容词比较级与后面more creative和higher quality并列。故填safer。 10. 句意：他们尽最大努力提高产品质量和安全性。try one’s best to do sth.表示“尽某人最大努力做某事”，根据主语“They”可知，此处要用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 Passage 4 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 Guo Qilin, 24, an actor and comedian (喜剧演员), gained popularity on Sina Weibo in 2020 for his thoughts about romantic relationships on the reality show Heart Signal 3. “The right time 1 (build) a relationship with a romantic partner should be at a time when I fear being lonely, and I really need someone to be with me,” he explained. Guo’s clear thoughts and self-knowledge (自我认知) play a key role in his work as he knows who he is and what he 2 (want). His father, Guo Degang, 47, is 3 famous Chinese crosstalk (相声) artist. Influenced by his father, Guo Qilin became interested 4 crosstalk at a young age. At the age of 14, he dropped out of school and decided to learn crosstalk instead. Led by his father, Guo read many books 5 learned the basic skills of crosstalk. Guo climbed to success by 6 (work) on his self-control and determination (决心). In order to look better, he lost almost 35kg within one year. “Losing 7 (weigh) shows that you’re an actor with good advantages,” he said in an interview. Guo was once in first place with Yue Yunpeng in the 8 (five) season of Top Funny Comedian. However, this brought a lot of criticism (批判). People thought his achievements were because of his father’s fame and Yue’s performance. Even so, Guo has always stayed humble (谦逊的) and has tried to keep distance from his father. Guo’s turning point came with the drama, Joy of Life, in which Guo played a supporting role as Fan Sizhe, changing from a good-for-nothing young man from a wealthy family into a 9 (success) businessman. This role brought him respect from professionals as well as the audience. Guo is on track to get out of his father’s shadow and make a name for 10 (he). Guo’s journey shows us that with courage, hard work and passion, anyone can achieve success. 【答案】 1. to build 2. wants 3. a 4. in 5. and 6. working 7. weight 8. fifth 9. successful 10. himself 【导语】本文主要讲述了演员兼喜剧演员郭麒麟，介绍其受父亲郭德纲影响自幼对相声感兴趣并辍学学习相声，通过自律和决心取得成功，努力摆脱父亲影子成就自我的历程。 1. 句意：与恋人建立恋爱关系的合适时机，应该是在我害怕孤独，真的需要有人陪伴的时候。the right time to do sth.“做某事的合适时机”，固定搭配，此处要用动词不定式作后置定语修饰the right time。故填to build。 2. 句意：郭麒麟清晰的思想和自我认知在他的工作中起着关键作用，因为他清楚自己是谁以及自己想要什么。根据“... as he knows who he is and what he ...”可知，want在此处作谓语，主语he是第三人称单数，且句子时态是一般现在时，要用want的三单形式wants。故填wants。 3. 句意：他的父亲郭德纲，47岁，是一位著名的中国相声艺术家。根据“His father, Guo Degang, 47, is ... famous Chinese crosstalk (相声) artist.”可知，artist为可数名词，此处泛指一位著名相声艺术家，且famous的发音以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a。故填a。 4. 句意：受父亲影响，郭麒麟从小就对相声感兴趣。become interested in“对……感兴趣”，固定搭配。故填in。 5. 句意：在父亲的引领下，郭麒麟读了很多书，学习了相声的基本技巧。根据“Guo read many books”和“learned the basic skills of crosstalk”可知，read和learned是两个并列的动作，表并列用连词and。故填and。 6. 句意：郭麒麟通过培养自控力和决心走向成功。根据“Guo climbed to success by ...”可知，by为介词，后接动名词，work的动名词形式为working。故填working。 7. 句意：减肥表明你是一个有优势的演员。lose weight“减肥”，固定搭配，要用weigh的名词形式weight。故填weight。 8. 句意：郭麒麟曾和岳云鹏在《欢乐喜剧人》第五季中获得第一名。根据“Guo was once in first place with Yue Yunpeng in the ... season of Top Funny Comedian.”可知，此处表示《欢乐喜剧人》的第五季，表顺序应该用序数词，five的序数词形式为fifth。故填fifth。 9. 句意：郭麒麟的转折点来自电视剧《赘婿》，他在剧中饰演配角范思辙，从一个富家不成器的公子变成了一位成功的商人。根据“... from a wealthy family into a ... businessman”可知，businessman为名词，修饰名词可用形容词，success的形容词形式为successful。故填successful。 10. 句意：郭麒麟正在努力摆脱父亲的影子，为自己赢得名声。根据“Guo is on track to get out of his father’s shadow and make a name for ...”可知，句子的主语是Guo，此处表示郭麒麟正在努力为他自己赢得名声，要用he的反身代词himself。故填himself。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Now more and more people would like to visit Xizang. What manners should you learn about if you visit a Tibetan (西藏的) family? When you’re entering the house, don’t walk on the doorsill (门槛) 1 Tibetans see it as unlucky. In some 2 (situation), you need to sit cross—legged. Make sure your soles (鞋底) won’t face the family members. What’s more, be sure to avoid 3 (touch) their heads. It’s not polite. If you call a family member by name, add “la” at the end. This will make him or her 4 (feel) closer to you. Tibetan people are warm and friendly. For them, sticking out the tongue (伸出舌头) is a way 5 (show) respect for others. If they put their palms (手掌) together, it means they are sending their best wishes to you. Don’t be 6 (surprise) at these actions. Hada, the white scarf, stands 7 good luck in Xizang. Offering it is the 8 (high) form of etiquette (礼节) among Tibetan people. When you receive one, you should accept it 9 (polite) by bending your body and using both hands. Wish all of you 10 good time in Tibetan family! 【答案】 1. because 2. situations 3. touching 4. feel 5. to show 6. surprised 7. for 8. highest 9. politely 10. a 【导语】本文主要讲述了去拜访一个西藏家庭时应该注意些什么。 1. 句意：当你进入房子时，不要走在门槛上，因为藏族人认为这是不吉利的。根据“don’t walk on the doorsill (门槛)”与“Tibetans see it as unlucky”可知，空处前后应为因果关系，前果后因，因此应用because“因为”。故填because。 2. 句意：在某些情况下，你需要盘腿而坐。situation“情况”，可数名词，some后应用名词复数形式situations。故填situations。 3. 句意：更重要的是，一定要避免触摸他们的头。touch“触摸”，动词，avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，因此此处应用动名词作宾语。故填touching。故填touching。 4. 句意：这会让他或她觉得和你更亲近。根据“make him or her … closer to you”结合提示词可知，feel“感觉”，动词，make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”，因此此处应用动词原形。故填feel。 5. 句意：对他们来说，伸出舌头是对别人表示尊重的一种方式。根据“a way … respect”可知，a way to do sth.“做某事的一种方式”，因此应用不定式。故填to show。 6. 句意：不要对这些行为感到惊讶。根据“be”结合提示词可知，此处应表示不要惊讶，因此应用surprised“惊讶的”，形容词作表语。故填surprised。 7. 句意：哈达，白色的围巾，在西藏代表好运。根据“Hada, the white scarf, stands … good luck in Xizang.”结合常识可知，哈达在西藏代表好运，stand for“代表”。故填for。 8. 句意：献上它是藏族人民最高形式的礼仪。根据“the”结合提示词可知，high“高的”，形容词，此处应指献哈达是最高礼仪，因此应用形容词的最高级highest。故填highest。 9. 句意：当你收到礼物时，你应该弯曲身体，用双手礼貌地接受。根据“you should accept it”结合提示词可知，此处应用politely“礼貌地”，副词修饰动词accept。故填politely。 10. 句意：祝大家在西藏大家庭过得愉快！a good time“玩得开心，过得愉快”，固定表达。故填a。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away 1 February 6th, 2025. But his great deeds and strong spirit will always stay in our hearts and keep lighting up China’s way forward. When he was young, he saw the hard times of his country under foreign attacks. As 2 result, he promised to make the country strong with his knowledge. In the 1950s, when China started to develop nuclear submarines, it was a very difficult job. Huang Xuhua was not afraid and stood up 3 (brave). At that time, there was not much advanced technology or many resources. It was like climbing a very steep mountain. But he and his team took on this challenge. To keep the project secret, they 4 (stop) contacting the outside world, even their families. Huang Xuhua left his hometown for many years. During the design process, they met a lot of problems. For example, 5 (design) a nuclear reactor was really hard. They couldn’t get help from foreign experts, 6 they could only depend on their own research. After many simulations and tests, they gradually overcame these problems. Finally, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine (核潜艇) 7 (build) and tested successfully. This made China one of the few countries that had this ability. Huang Xuhua didn’t stop after this big success. He went on to help with the 8 (develop) of submarine technology. His hard work and devotion won him many honors, including the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019. We know that so far, his spirit 9 (encourage) us a lot. We, especially the young people, should learn from his spirit. Let’s take on the responsibility, face challenges, and work hard to make China much 10 (strong). 【答案】 1. on 2. a 3. bravely 4. stopped 5. designing 6. so 7. was built 8. development 9. has encouraged 10. stronger 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国伟大的科学家黄旭华的生平事迹和卓越贡献。 1. 句意：中国伟大的科学家黄旭华于2025年2月6日逝世。根据“passed away ... February 6th, 2025”可知，此处表达在具体的某一天，应用介词on。故填on。 2. 句意：因此，他承诺要用自己的知识使国家强大。根据“As... result, he promised to make the country strong with his knowledge.”可知，此处表结果，as a result“因此”符合句意。故填a。 3. 句意：黄旭华毫不畏惧，勇敢地站了出来。根据“Huang Xuhua was not afraid and stood up...”和提示词可知，此处修饰动词短语stood up，应用副词bravely“勇敢地”。故填bravely。 4. 句意：为了保密，他们停止了与外界的联系，甚至是他们的家人。根据“To keep the project secret, they...contacting the outside world, even their families.”和提示词可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，动词stop用过去式stopped“停止”表示停止了与外界的联系。故填stopped。 5. 句意：例如，设计一个核反应堆真的很难。根据“...a nuclear reactor was really hard.”和提示词可知，此处句首用动名词短语作主语，design变为designing“设计”。故填designing。 6. 句意：他们无法从外国专家那里得到帮助，所以他们只能依靠自己的研究。根据“They couldn’t get help from foreign experts, ...they could only depend on their own research.”可知，前后两句构成因果关系，前因后果，用连词so。故填so。 7. 句意：最后，在20世纪70年代，中国的第一艘核潜艇被成功建造和测试。根据“Finally, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine...and tested successfully.”和提示词可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态表达被建造，主语China’s first nuclear submarine是单数，一般过去时的被动语态结构为was built。故填was built。 8. 句意：他继续帮助发展潜艇技术。根据“He went on to help with the...of submarine technology.”和提示词可知，此处为“the+名词+of”结构，develop变为名词形式development“发展”。故填development。 9. 句意：我们知道，到目前为止，他的精神给了我们很大的鼓舞。根据“We know that so far, his spirit…us a lot.”和提示词可知，so far是现在完成时的标志词，主语his spirit是单数，现在完成时的结构为has encouraged。故填has encouraged。 10. 句意：让我们承担责任，面对挑战，努力使中国变得更加强大。根据“Let’s take on the responsibility, face challenges, and work hard to make China much...”和提示词可知， much后接形容词比较级stronger表示“更加强大”。故填stronger。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 2 Body language（新教材沪教版） （动词-ing形式） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 本表系统梳理动词 - ing 形式的功能、搭配、易混点及形容词用法，搭配典型例句与正误对比，助力精准掌握其应用规则。 语法模块 核心要点 具体内容 典型例句（含正误对比） 一、动词 - ing 形式的核心功能 1. 作主语 ① 表一件事或一个概念；② 单个 - ing 作主语，谓语用单数；两个及以上并列作主语，谓语用复数 ① Reading books is my favourite activity.（正确） ② Reading books and listening to music are my favourite activities.（正确） 错误：Read books is my favourite activity. 2. 作宾语 ① 接特定动词：finish、practise、enjoy、mind、keep、be worth、can’t help、give up 等 ② 接介词后：in、on、at、without、thanks for、be interested in 等 ① He practises playing football every day.（正确） ② Are you interested in singing?（正确） ③ Thanks for sharing your experience.（正确） 错误：He finished to do his homework.（修正：doing） 二、易混搭配（to do vs doing） 1. try try to do sth.（努力做某事） try doing sth.（尝试做某事） I’ll try to finish my homework now.（努力完成） Why not try eating this new cake?（尝试吃） 2. stop stop to do sth.（停下来去做另一件事） stop doing sth.（停止正在做的事） We stopped running to drink some water.（停跑喝水） He stopped smoking when the teacher came in.（停止抽烟） 3. remember/forget remember/forget to do sth.（记得 / 忘记去做，未做） remember/forget doing sth.（记得 / 忘记做过，已做） Remember to turn off the lights.（记得去关） I remember seeing this movie.（记得看过） Don’t forget to take your umbrella.（别忘了带） 4. see/hear see/hear sb. do sth.（看到 / 听到某人做某事的全过程） see/hear sb. doing sth.（看到 / 听到某人正在做某事） I saw them play football yesterday.（看到全过程） I saw them playing football when I passed by.（看到正在踢） 三、-ing 形式构成的形容词 1. -ing 形容词 修饰事物，表 “让人感到…… 的”，说明事物特征 The movie is exciting.（令人激动的） It is a surprising result.（令人意外的结果） 2. -ed 形容词 修饰人，表 “感到…… 的”，说明人的感受或状态 We felt excited when we watched the movie.（感到激动的） He was surprised at the news.（感到意外的） 四、高频固定搭配 1. 动词 + ing keep doing（持续做）、be busy doing（忙于做）、be used to doing（习惯于做）、give up doing（放弃做） They keep running every night.（持续跑步） She is busy planning the trip.（忙于规划旅行） He is used to getting up early.（习惯早起） 2. 介词 + ing look forward to doing（期待做）、worry about doing（担心做）、without doing（没有做） I look forward to hearing from you.（期待收到你的消息） Don’t worry about failing the exam.（别担心考试不及格） 使用注意事项 1. 作主语时，需用 - ing 形式（动名词），不可用动词原形，例如：Swimming is good exercise（正确），Swim is good exercise（错误）。 2. 部分动词（如 finish、practise、mind）后只能接 - ing 作宾语，不能接 to do，避免出现 “finish to do” 这类错误。 3. 区分 see/hear sb. do 和 doing：强调 “全过程” 用 do，强调 “正在进行” 用 doing，例如：I heard her sing a song（听到整首歌），I heard her singing a song（听到她正在唱）。 4. -ing 形容词和 - ed 形容词不可混用：修饰事物用 - ing，修饰人用 - ed，例如：The book is interesting（正确），He is interesting（错误，应改为 interested）。 5. 介词后必须接 - ing 形式，即使是 to 作为介词（如 look forward to、be used to），也需接 - ing，不可接动词原形，例如：I’m looking forward to meeting you（正确），I’m looking forward to meet you（错误）。 一、单项选择 1．His parents often tell him _________much time _______computer games. A．not to take; to play B．to spend ; to play C．don’t spend; playing D．not to spend; playing 2．I often see Tom on the playground. When I passed the playground yesterday, I saw him . A．play; playing B．to play; play C．playing; to play D． playing; play 3．—Tony, how shall we spend our holiday tomorrow?   —What about ________ Confucius Temple? A．visiting B．to visit C．will visit D．visit 4．________ fun my family had ________ a vacation in Sanya last summer vacation! A．How, taking B．What, taken C．What, taking D．How, taken 5．Before meeting her foreign friends, she spent as much time as she could ________ English. A．to practise to speak B．practising speaking C．to practise speaking D．practising to speak 6．The earth is our home. More attention should ________ the environment. A．pay to protect B．pay to protecting C．be paid to protect D．be paid to protecting 7．________ his arrival at the airport in Japan, he began to regret ________ to go abroad for further study without careful preparation. A．On; to decide B．As soon as; deciding C．As; to make a decision D．Upon; making a decision 8．While we were running on the playground, Jack suddenly stopped ________ and lay on the ground, so we all stopped ________ what was wrong with him. A．to run; to see B．running; seeing C．running; to see D．run; to see 9．Today the forests are getting fewer and fewer. We must ________ down too many trees. A．keep people from cutting B．prevent people from cutting C．stop people from cutting D．all of the above 10．— What would you like for breakfast? — I don’t feel like ________. A．to eat something B．eating anything C．to eat anything D．eating nothing 11．All the children are looking forward to ________ the new cartoon film. A．watching B．watch C．watched D．watches 12．___________for his good skill, this doctor has a lot of visitors calling for help all the time. A．Knowing B．To know C．Known D．To have known 13．—Listen! Can you hear ______? —Yes, I can hear a bird ______ in the tree. A．anything, sing B．something, singing C．anything, singing D．something, sing 14．--Haven’t I told you that the computer needs______? ---Sorry,I forgot_______it fixed.I’ll send it for repairs right away. A．repairing;having B．to repair;to have C．repairing;to have D．to be repaired;having 15．—Do you often see the girl ________ fruit at the school gate? —Yes. But yesterday she was seen ________ empty bottles when I entered the classroom. A．sell; pick B．selling; picking C．to sell; to pick D．sell; picking 二、完成句子 1. Daniel擅长于下中国象棋，而且他总戴着眼镜。 Daniel does well in , and he always . 2. 我爸爸花很多时间跟我一起读书。 My dad much time with me. 3. 玛丽送了一个漂亮的笔记本给我。现在我一看到这个笔记本，我就会情不自禁地想到我最好的朋友，玛丽。 Mary sent me a beautiful notebook. And now, I look at it, I can’t help of her, my best friend, Mary. 4. 做早操对我们有好处。 is good for us. 5. 体育课上有一些学生喜欢跳绳。 Some students like in PE class. 6. 在太阳底下读书对眼睛是有害的。 books in the sun our eyes. 7. 我喜欢在放学后和同学们一起在操场玩。 I like my classmates on the playground after school. 8. 将你需要学习的东西和自己的经历联系起来可以使学习更有意义。（完成译句） what you need to learn your experiences can make learning more meaningful. 9. 腾飞喜欢放学后编程，周末去远足。 Teng Fei likes after school and at the weekend. 10. 如果你懂的分享的重要性，你就不会有这么少的朋友了。 If you know the , you won’t have so few friends. 11. 听闻那起事故，孩子们难过得说不出话来。 After the accident, the children sad anything. 12. 我真不明白为何那么多人对放烟花感兴趣。 I really don’t understand why so many people are fireworks. 13. 孩子们在操场放风筝玩得很开心。 The children had kites on the playground. 14. 他是一个好奇的人，透过一个钥匙孔，即自然的钥匙孔，试图了解正在发生什么。 He is a curious man a keyhole, the keyhole of nature, what’s going on. 15. 作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。 As a mountain climber, Aron is used to . 三、语法填空 Passage 1 请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent years, we have made great progress in science and technology. Teachers have lots of methods to take their lessons now. One of them is PPT. It’s very 1 (help) for their teaching. But their hands are often injured because 2 the wrong way during the use of PPT. This makes them feel uncomfortable 3 they use PPT. 4 (luck), a kind of new gloves has 5 (solve) the problem. By putting on these special gloves, teachers can stay warm and don’t have to worry about 6 (hurt) their hands while touchscreens (触摸屏). 7 special gloves were invented by Tang Renjia, a junior 3 student from Suzhou Science and Technology Town Foreign Language School. She 8 (receive) a patent certificate (专利证书) issued by the State Intellectual Property Office for her invention. Two years ago, Tang noticed that her teacher’s 9 (finger) were injured after using a touchscreen for long periods of time. Tang wanted to do something about this. She learned how to use high-technology materials to make gloves for her teacher. Her multi-functional (多功能的) gloves can keep people’s hands 10 (warm) and protect their skin safer when they are using touchscreen devices. Passage 2 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。 Flying to the moon has been a Chinese dream for thousands of years. Professor Ye Shuhua is one of the key scientists who 1 (work) at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory for nearly half a century. To her, China’s lunar (月球的) project is 2 (excite) news for the country’s space industry. “For our astronomers, the moon is an ideal place 3 (go),” Ye said. Dreams of 4 (fly) to the moon have deep roots in Chinese culture. According to an ancient story, Chang’e was a fairy who 5 (take) a special drink that gave her the ability to fly to the moon. The dream has already come 6 (truly) for the US astronauts. But it will take China at 7 (little) ten years to land astronauts there. The project has developed public understanding of the space programme and people’s knowledge of the moon— 8 (especial) among the young people. A visitor said, “The moon is a satellite of the earth. There are millions of pits (深坑) on its surface.” Another visitor said, “The moon is beautiful, and it’s the nearest heavenly body to the earth. That’s why people want to land on it.” Naturally, the children enjoy learning about science. But for scientists like Ye Shuhua, the lunar project is only the 9 (begin). “Landing on the moon will be a project for 10 (today) young people, not for me. But I hope that on the day our astronauts land on the moon, I can watch your news reports,” Ye said. Passage 3 请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Liuyang, located in central China’s Hunan Province, is the world’s largest production and trade centre for fireworks. 1 (know) as China’s “fireworks capital”, it has a history of making fireworks that can date back to the Tang dynasty (618-907). Today, fireworks from Liuyang are quite popular in markets across Europe, North America and Africa. They not only bring joy and fun to people around the world, 2 also make people closer to each other. Behind the joy and 3 (excite) of people setting off fireworks, Liu Yang has played a key role. Like many countries, the tradition of setting off fireworks has long been 4 important part of the New Year celebrations in Germany. Videos of German shoppers 5 (queue) outside supermarkets early in the morning to buy Chinese fireworks were a big hit on Chinese social media platforms (社交媒体平台). Many of the popular products were made 6 LiuYang. Xu Yunxiang, the general 7 (manage) in a famous fireworks company, said that this kind of frenzy (狂热) happens almost every year. And he is glad foreigners enjoy Chinese fireworks. People’s need for fireworks continues to rise 8 (rapid). They want products which are 9 (safe), more creative and of higher quality. In recent years, Liuyang’s fireworks companies have increased investment (投入) in technological research and development. They try 10 (they) best to improve product quality and safety. The performances of fireworks have greatly improved. This has improved the competitiveness in the national market. Passage 4 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 Guo Qilin, 24, an actor and comedian (喜剧演员), gained popularity on Sina Weibo in 2020 for his thoughts about romantic relationships on the reality show Heart Signal 3. “The right time 1 (build) a relationship with a romantic partner should be at a time when I fear being lonely, and I really need someone to be with me,” he explained. Guo’s clear thoughts and self-knowledge (自我认知) play a key role in his work as he knows who he is and what he 2 (want). His father, Guo Degang, 47, is 3 famous Chinese crosstalk (相声) artist. Influenced by his father, Guo Qilin became interested 4 crosstalk at a young age. At the age of 14, he dropped out of school and decided to learn crosstalk instead. Led by his father, Guo read many books 5 learned the basic skills of crosstalk. Guo climbed to success by 6 (work) on his self-control and determination (决心). In order to look better, he lost almost 35kg within one year. “Losing 7 (weigh) shows that you’re an actor with good advantages,” he said in an interview. Guo was once in first place with Yue Yunpeng in the 8 (five) season of Top Funny Comedian. However, this brought a lot of criticism (批判). People thought his achievements were because of his father’s fame and Yue’s performance. Even so, Guo has always stayed humble (谦逊的) and has tried to keep distance from his father. Guo’s turning point came with the drama, Joy of Life, in which Guo played a supporting role as Fan Sizhe, changing from a good-for-nothing young man from a wealthy family into a 9 (success) businessman. This role brought him respect from professionals as well as the audience. Guo is on track to get out of his father’s shadow and make a name for 10 (he). Guo’s journey shows us that with courage, hard work and passion, anyone can achieve success. Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Now more and more people would like to visit Xizang. What manners should you learn about if you visit a Tibetan (西藏的) family? When you’re entering the house, don’t walk on the doorsill (门槛) 1 Tibetans see it as unlucky. In some 2 (situation), you need to sit cross—legged. Make sure your soles (鞋底) won’t face the family members. What’s more, be sure to avoid 3 (touch) their heads. It’s not polite. If you call a family member by name, add “la” at the end. This will make him or her 4 (feel) closer to you. Tibetan people are warm and friendly. For them, sticking out the tongue (伸出舌头) is a way 5 (show) respect for others. If they put their palms (手掌) together, it means they are sending their best wishes to you. Don’t be 6 (surprise) at these actions. Hada, the white scarf, stands 7 good luck in Xizang. Offering it is the 8 (high) form of etiquette (礼节) among Tibetan people. When you receive one, you should accept it 9 (polite) by bending your body and using both hands. Wish all of you 10 good time in Tibetan family! Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away 1 February 6th, 2025. But his great deeds and strong spirit will always stay in our hearts and keep lighting up China’s way forward. When he was young, he saw the hard times of his country under foreign attacks. As 2 result, he promised to make the country strong with his knowledge. In the 1950s, when China started to develop nuclear submarines, it was a very difficult job. Huang Xuhua was not afraid and stood up 3 (brave). At that time, there was not much advanced technology or many resources. It was like climbing a very steep mountain. But he and his team took on this challenge. To keep the project secret, they 4 (stop) contacting the outside world, even their families. Huang Xuhua left his hometown for many years. During the design process, they met a lot of problems. For example, 5 (design) a nuclear reactor was really hard. They couldn’t get help from foreign experts, 6 they could only depend on their own research. After many simulations and tests, they gradually overcame these problems. Finally, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine (核潜艇) 7 (build) and tested successfully. This made China one of the few countries that had this ability. Huang Xuhua didn’t stop after this big success. He went on to help with the 8 (develop) of submarine technology. His hard work and devotion won him many honors, including the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019. We know that so far, his spirit 9 (encourage) us a lot. We, especially the young people, should learn from his spirit. Let’s take on the responsibility, face challenges, and work hard to make China much 10 (strong). 10 / 10乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $